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Journal articles on the topic 'Verbs of state'

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Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

THAM, SHIAO WEI. "Change of state verbs and result state adjectives in Mandarin Chinese." Journal of Linguistics 49, no. 3 (2013): 647–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226713000261.

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This paper investigates the derivational relationship between adjectives and verbs in Mandarin Chinese describing related state, change of state (COS) and caused COS meanings. Such paradigms have been observed in various languages to fall into two categories: One in which a word naming a property concept state constitutes the derivational base for the related COS verbs, and another in which a COS verb forms the basis from which the stative word – a ‘result state’ predicate – is derived. I show that in Mandarin, the distinction between morphological paradigms based on property-concept words ver

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2

Norvik, Miina. "Change-of-state predicates and their use for expressing the future: the case of Livonian." Eesti ja soome-ugri keeleteaduse ajakiri. Journal of Estonian and Finno-Ugric Linguistics 5, no. 1 (2014): 117–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/jeful.2014.5.1.07.

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The present article considers change-of-state predicates in Livonian and their possible development into future copulas. The focus is on the verbs īedõ ‘remain, stay; become’, sǭdõ ‘get; become’, and līdõ (synchronically a future copula), but also the verbs tūlda ‘come’ and lǟdõ ‘go’ are included for comparative purposes. The results show that all five verbs can be used for expressing change of state, but it depends on the particular verb and underlying construction, whether conveying the sense ‘become’ is a central or only a marginal function. This study shows that Courland Livonian fits well

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3

Anis, Muhammad Yunus. "Categorization of Mujarrad Verbs Beginning with the Letter ‘ba’ in Al Munawwir Arabic-Indonesian Dictionary and Mazīd Verbs in Duleim Masoud Al Qahtani Arabic-English Dictionary: A Morphosemantic Analysis." Dirasat: Human and Social Sciences 52, no. 1 (2024): 501–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.35516/hum.v52i1.6000.

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Objective: This research discusses the categorization of Arabic verbs, which hold a significant importance in word formation and meaning determination. Therefore, the study of verbs in Arabic becomes one of the important theoretical foundations to continue to be studied and developed. One of the important studies of Arabic verbs is the study of mujarrad verbs and mazīd verbs. Method: Employing a qualitative approach, data were gathered from two dictionaries: Al-Munawwir Arabic – Indonesian dictionary and Al-Qahtani Arabic – English dictionary. Content analysis was employed to analyze the colle

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Murphy, AJ, Stanley Dubinsky, and Mark Beck. "Semantic and syntactic demarcations of Classical Greek object cases: An object(ive) study." Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America 5, no. 1 (2020): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v5i1.4690.

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In Classical Greek, many verbs take direct objects marked with genitive (GEN) or dative (DAT), rather than accusative (ACC) case. Traditional grammars (Smyth 1956, Boas et al. 2019) fail to offer principled descriptions or accounts of the distribution of ACC, GEN, DAT object case for transitive verbs. This paper analyzes a corpus involving case-assigning transitive verbs, and examines Luraghi’s 2010 Transitivity Hierarchy in this context. We find that, while her ranking of verbs’ transitivity is correct, the features used to determine the hierarchy are not. Our study demonstrates a highly sign

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5

Imran, Muhamma, Tahira Asgher, and Mamuna Ghani. "A Study on Science Students’ Understanding of Three Lemmas: State Verb, Action Verb and Noun in the State Run Colleges in Pakistan." International Journal of English Linguistics 6, no. 5 (2016): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v6n5p121.

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<p>English main verbs are classified as stative and dynamic. At first, this paper deals with the analysis of stative verbs, highlights their true nature and function and illustrates the concept of spontaneity within the state verbs. Secondly, it expounds how the term ‘lemma’ helps in sorting out the same words representing different parts of speech. Finally, it reports on the level of the science students’ competency in the use of state verbs, action verbs and nouns. For this purpose, 300 science students of intermediate level were selected as participants for the present study. A langua

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Chen, Jidong, and Zhiying Qian. "Learning the Lexical Semantics of Mandarin Monomorphemic State-Change Verbs by English-Speaking Learners of Mandarin Chinese." Languages 7, no. 3 (2022): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages7030215.

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Languages vary systematically in how semantic information is “packaged” in verbs and verb-related constructions. Mandarin Chinese contrasts typologically with English in its lexicalization of state change. Most Mandarin monomorphemic verbs are moot about or imply a state change, whereas many English monomorphemic verbs (e.g., kill, break) entail the fulfillment of a state change. Recent studies suggest that Mandarin monomorphemic verbs form a continuum in the strength of state-change implicature. State-change verbs have been found difficult for first language (L1) learners. This study reports

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7

Zoldoshalieva, Nargiza. "VERBS EXPRESSING THE PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE." Alatoo Academic Studies 21, no. 3 (2021): 162–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17015/aas.2021.213.18.

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This article examines the verbs reflecting the physiological state of the human body and are included in the largest semantic group of verbs state in the Kyrgyz language. The science of physiology studies the vital functions of humans and living beings. We examined the words that express this physiological state as a separate group of words and divided them into lexical and semantic groups. In general, the semantic nature of the verb in the Kyrgyz language, including conditional verbs, is not fully disclosed and requires a lot of research. The issue that we are currently studying is relevant f

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Ravshankhodja, Rasulov. "Agency Valency of Voice Forms of the State Verbs (On the Material of the Uzbek Language)." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 7, no. 7 (2020): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v7i7.1854.

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The article is devoted to the agent valence of voice forms of state verbs. It should be noted that, the expression of the relationship of movement, the state directed to the subject and object, is one of the main and important functions of the semantics of the verb. Voices totally cover the verbs. The verbs of state in the Uzbek language in their extra-linguistic substratum express certain processes connection with nature and society, flora and fauna, biology, physiology and psychology of human being. State verbs in the sentences are realized in the active, reflexive, compulsive, passive and m

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Kozis, M. V. "COGNITIVE INTERPRETATION OF OBJECTS’ STATE OF BEING." EurasianUnionScientists 7, no. 5(74) (2020): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/esu.2413-9335.2020.7.74.768.

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The paper focuses on language conceptualization of objects’ state of being within the framework of the frame approach studying cognitive frame of spatial position of entities. The author offers a linguistic overview of Russian metaphoric posture verbs stoyat', sidet', lezhat'. The analysis is based on a sample of over 1,500 Russian sentences from the Russian National Corpus, Google search results and utterances offered by native speakers of Russian.Distributive analysis allowed to define the co-occurrence of posture verbs with nouns denoting different objects and to hypothesize the verbs' mean

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Kyuchukov, Hristo. "Are the Mental State Verbs Important For Roma Children’s Understanding of False Belief Task." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 27, no. 1 (2020): 181–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2020-27-1-181-194.

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Objectives. The aim of the paper is to analyze the process of acquisition of mental state verbs in Romani and in Bulgarian langauges simultaneously by bilingual Roma children. The mental state verbs help the children to understand the Fals Belief Tasks, which predict the Theory of Mind. The theory of mind from other side is important for understanding the intentions, desires, jokes, motivations of others and what are the factors influencing the development of theory of mind Research methods and techniques. Two Roma children from Bulgaria (1 boy and 1 girl) aged 1;0 – 3;0 years were audio

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11

Abbasova, Nargiza Kabilovna Abdullayeva Nozimaxon Abdusalim qizi. "ANALYSIS OF PHRASAL VERBS DENOTING STATE AND THE WAYS OF TRANSLATION." DEVELOPMENT AND INNOVATIONS IN SCIENCE 1, no. 17 (2022): 15–23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7427031.

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This article is devoted to phrasal verbs denoting state, take a considerable place in vocabulary verbs of Modern English language and are generally used in idiomatic phrases. Their functioning is heterogeneous with a view to their great variety. The development and supplementation of phrasal verbs system proceeds in two directions: new verbs inclusion and semantic development.

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Elvira, Javier. "Constructions of uncontrolled state or event." Constructions and Frames 3, no. 2 (2011): 184–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cf.3.2.02elv.

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Spanish and other Romance languages inherited from Latin the seeds of a new construction that is common to the syntax of some verbs belonging to the field of emotions, feelings, pain or modality. The semantic values of this construction are strange to prototypical transitivity and are coupled with a marked argument structure, compared with the more common transitive sentence. In the early centuries of the history of Spanish only a few verbs were integrated in the new scheme, which could receive an experience, modal or quantitative meaning, depending on an analogical association with certain fr

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13

Harris, Alice C. "Light verbs as classifiers in Udi." Diachrony of Complex Predication 25, no. 2 (2008): 213–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.25.2.05har.

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In Udi, most verbal lexemes are composed, in all tense-aspect-mood categories, of a light verb and an ‘initial’. It is argued here that in the first stage of this development, simplex verbs were juxtaposed with focused constituents. In the second stage, initials and verbs formed compounds, and this pattern spread beyond those that had once involved focus. In the third stage, the subject of this paper, light verbs become classifiers, classifying the verb type — inchoatives, other unaccusatives, unergatives, transitive verbs of inherently directed motion, transitive change-of-state verbs, other

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14

Labelle, Marie. "Change of state and valency." Journal of Linguistics 28, no. 2 (1992): 375–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226700015267.

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The goal of this article is twofold. First, I explore the hypothesis that a number of regularities in the distribution of the two types of inchoative constructions with verbs of change of state in French, the superficially intransitive construction and the reflexive construction (illustrated in (1)–(3)), can be captured by an analysis whereby monovalent verbs of change of state may project the Patient argument to the subject or to the object position. When the Patient argument is projected to the subject position (as in (1a) and (3a)), the construction is unergative. When it is projected to th

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15

Chen, Jidong. "“He killed a chicken, but it didn’t die”." Chinese Language and Discourse 9, no. 2 (2018): 136–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cld.17007.che.

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Abstract Mandarin contrasts typologically with English in its lexicalization of state change (Talmy 2000). The majority of Mandarin monomorphemic verbs is moot about or implies a state change, whereas English has many monomorphemic verbs (e.g. kill) that entail a state change. This study investigates empirically the nuanced lexicalization of state-change implicature in Mandarin monomorphemic verbs and its implications for the linguistic typology of encoding state change. Two experiments were conducted with adult native Mandarin speakers: a rating task about the acceptability of sentences that

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16

Kozlov, Ivan M., and Elena S. Kuznetsova. "Semantic Differences between Verb-Nominal Collocations and Corresponding Verbs (As Exemplified by Collocations with Verbs Ispytyvat’ / Ispytat’)." Vestnik NSU. Series: History, Philology 20, no. 9 (2021): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2021-20-9-68-74.

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The following article focuses on semantical differences of verbal-nominal descriptive predicates constructed by verbs ispytyvat’ / ispytat’ from their lexically adequate verbal correlates. The Russian linguistic tradition describes such collocations as verbal periphrasis, and this leads to a misjudgment of their semantical particularity. Our main goal is to describe the differences due to state semantical independence of the collocations from the verbs. The study showed that an emotional state described by descriptive predicates with verbs ispytyvat’ / ispytat’ presupposes no explication

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17

Wang, A. "Verbs of emotional state in counter-optative utterances." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Kul'turologiya i iskusstvovedenie, no. 43 (2021): 279–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/18137083/74/21.

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The paper is focused on infinitive utterances (IU) expressing the meaning of undesirability, or counter-optative IU (Ne spuskat’sya by k dvorniku), with verbs of the lexical-semantic group (LSG) of emotional state (according to the classification by L. G. Babenko). Special attention is paid to the verb aspect, the temporal vector of the IU, and the presence of the potential seme of a negative evaluation of the denoted situation in the meaning of the verb. The selectivity of the syntactic model under consideration towards verbs of the LSG of emotional state is investigated. The following prereq

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18

Musaev, Islomxon. "ACTION VERBS IN THE UZBEK LANGUAGE." MEDICINE, PEDAGOGY AND TECHNOLOGY: THEORY AND PRACTICE 2, no. 11 (2024): 266–68. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14250012.

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This article explores the semantic and grammatical characteristics of action and state verbs in the Uzbek language. It focuses on the classification of action verbs, their functional features, and stylistic interpretations. The study highlights the semantic nuances of verbs denoting the beginning and completion of actions, drawing from various scholarly perspectives. The works of M. Sodiqova are particularly examined for their contribution to the stylistic interpretation of action verbs.

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19

Eddington, David. "Disambiguating Spanish Change of State Verbs." Hispania 85, no. 4 (2002): 921. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4141261.

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20

Wright, Saundra K. "Transitivity and Change of State Verbs." Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society 28, no. 1 (2002): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/bls.v28i1.3849.

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In this paper, I argue that semantic and pragmatic properties—as opposed to syntactic properties—are responsible for the variability found with transitive uses of change of state verbs. In particular, a variety of factors combine together to determine the argument expression options associated with an individual verb. These factors include controllability (the degree to which an event can be externally manipulated), causer type (whether the event is human driven or nonhuman driven), and subject-modification (whether the causer is in a modified or unmodified form). Finally, I argue that it is p

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21

Garriga-López, Claudia Sofía. "Sex and State Are Action Verbs." WSQ: Women's Studies Quarterly 51, no. 3-4 (2023): 255–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wsq.2023.a910085.

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22

Gurevich, D. L. "Correlation of grammatical and semantic parameters in portuguese change-of-state verbs." Philology at MGIMO 7, no. 2 (2021): 38–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2021-2-26-38-52.

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Verbs denoting change of state are a semantic-syntactic universal as they share common patterns in languages of different types. One of such patterns is their ability to take part in causative-inchoative alternation when one and the same situation codified by certain language units can be seen both from the viewpoint of the actor vs recipient (transitive model) and from the viewpoint of the recipient only, provided that the recipient is the only agent in the verb’s structure (inchoative model), unlike in passive constructions. In causative-inchoative alternation situations these verbs choose o

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23

Shapochkina, Olga, Valentyna Kovalenko, Anna Gaidash, Olena Zaichenko, Valentyna Poroshyna, and Lilia Sazhko. "Evolution of the Verb State Category in Germanic Languages: A Neuroscientific Perspective." Revista Romaneasca pentru Educatie Multidimensionala 16, no. 3 (2024): 386–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/rrem/16.3/899.

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Relevance of research. The article examines the process of verb formation in Germanic languages, as well as the peculiarities of the grammatical semantics of verbs at different historical stages of the development of Germanic languages. Using the comparative-historical method, the functioning of verbs in texts of Germanic languages was investigated as an aspect of neurolinguistic science. Research results. The article proves that most modal verbs of Germanic languages have undergone significant semantic transformations. The study of texts of different historical stages of language developm

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Vera, Gabriel. "On Derived Change of State Verbs in Southern Aymara." Languages 6, no. 1 (2021): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages6010028.

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There are two main approaches to change of state verbs. One adopts an approach in terms of a total change (becomeP, for base predicate P), i.e., a change from not being in the extension of the base predicate to being in it. The other adopts an approach in terms of a relative change (becomemore P, for base predicate P), i.e., a change for a theme in which it increases in the extent to which it holds the property denoted by the base predicate. Different languages have been analyzed using one or the other approach. I argue that both proposals are actually appropriate for analyzing related but not

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Li, Wenchao. "On Middle Construction in Japanese." International Journal of English Linguistics 7, no. 6 (2017): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v7n6p47.

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This study uncovers Japanese middle constructions based on the approach of “distributed morphology”. The findings reveal that adjunct is obligatory in Japanese middles. Two types of grammatical elements contribute to the adjunct: suffix and adverbs. The suffix yasui corresponds to English “able”. The case of the subject must be nominative, i.e., が. Once verbs are attached by the suffix yasui, their part of speech transits from verb into adjective. The new lexicon predicates an inherent property of the subject. Regarding middles with adjuncts rendered by adverbs, two subtypes are confirmed: the

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Pouzik, Andrey A. "Deadjectival Verbs of Essive Semantics in German, English and Ukrainian: A Typological Approach." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, no. 466 (2021): 28–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/15617793/466/3.

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The peculiarities of the semantics and structure of verbs derived from adjectives in German, English, and Ukrainian have been analyzed. The verbal lexemes of the languages compared can be defined by means of a semantic interpretation model “Subject of a Situation Is a Motivating Adjective”; they constitute a semantically heterogeneous group of “essive” verbs (from Lat. esse - ‘to be'). Within the framework of the derivational category of “essive” verbs at the level of derivational semantics subcategories, semantic groups and subgroups have been distinguished. In the semantic structure of “essi

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Ma'mun, Akhmad Haqiqi. "PERAN LOKATIF DALAM NOVEL THE HUNGER GAMES:SUATU KAJIAN SEMANTIS." Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra 13, no. 1 (2013): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/bs_jpbsp.v13i1.762.

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Abstrak Penelitian ini berfokus pada dua hal pokok: (1) menjelaskan secara semantis, jenis peran lokatif dan hal yang ada pada peran lokatif dalam bahasa Inggris; (2) jenis verba yang mengharuskan adanya peran lokatif dalam bahasa Inggris. Data diperoleh dari novel “the hunger games”. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan teknik distribusi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) secara semantis, peran lokatif terdiri atas peran lokatif statis dan dinamis. Peran lokatif dinamis dibagi menjadi: sumber, lintasan dan tujuan, (2) kata kerja yang membutuhkan kehadiran peran lokati

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Tsujimura, Natsuko. "Japanese enter/exit verbs revisited." Studies in Language 26, no. 1 (2002): 165–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.26.1.06tsu.

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Kita (1999) compares Japanese and English Enter/Exit verbs in spatial expressions, and argues that Japanese Enter/Exit verbs lack semantic encoding of motion. He claims that this runs counter to the view which considers motion and location to be primitives in the semantics of spatial expressions; instead, he proposes that discrete change of state should be included in the set of primitives. In this reply,I will first show that Kita’s evidence does not support lack of motion in Japanese Enter/Exit verbs, but that instead these verbs do pattern with motion verbs in the language, where conflation

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Nugraha, Danang Satria. "Makna-makna gramatikal konstruksi verba denominatif dalam bahasa Indonesia." Bahasa dan Seni: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Pengajarannya 49, no. 2 (2021): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um015v49i22021p224.

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Grammatical meanings of denominal verbs construction in IndonesianNew words are constantly constructed as language evolves. Through morphological afixation, new words in Indonesian (bI) such as berfirman, menggembalakan, and direncanakan are classified as denominal verbs (VDn). VDn construction is the focus of this study. It aimed to describe the grammatical meanings of VDn construction in bI. Data of the study include the VDn constructions in bI. The data sources were (a) written bI in various texts and (b) the two online corpora containing bI data, www.sealang.net and www.corpora.uni-leipzig

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Willim, Ewa. "On Scalarity in the Verbal Domain. The Case of Polish Psych Verbs. Part 1: Polish Perfective Psych Verbs and Their Prefixes." Studies in Polish Linguistics 15, no. 4 (2020): 221–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/23005920spl.20.010.13163.

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Polish perfective psych verbs are generally analyzed as inceptive predicates focusing the beginning of an emotional state holding of an experiencer. However, a perfective psych verb can also denote an event of gradual scalar change. In this paper, I argue that on the inceptive reading a perfective psych predicate denotes a transition from a state in which p does not hold to a state in which p holds of an experiencer. In events of gradual change, there is an increase in the degree on the scale of intensity of a given psych state or on the (abstract) extent scale contributed by a verb’s argument

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Tashpulatova, Shirina Zievuddin kizi. "SEMANTIC SCOPE OF STATE VERBS IN ENGLISH." Theoretical & Applied Science 108, no. 04 (2022): 366–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15863/tas.2022.04.108.47.

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Caha, Pavel, Karen De Clercq, and Guido Vanden Wyngaerd. "Zero morphology and change-of-state verbs." Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft 42, no. 1 (2023): 35–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zfs-2022-2012.

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Abstract This paper discusses a theory of conversion (zero derivation) in terms of phrasal spellout. In this approach, there are no zero morphemes. Instead, the ‘silent’ meaning components are pronounced cumulatively within overt morphemes. As an empirical case, we discuss adjective/verb ambiguity as in narrow. As verbs, these roots have both an inchoative and a causative sense. Following Ramchand (2008), we assume that such deadjectival causatives contain three parts: the adjective denoting a state, a change-of-state component proc, and a causative component init. Adopting a Nanosyntax approa

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Luo, Han. "English transitive particle verbs." Cognitive Linguistic Studies 4, no. 2 (2017): 330–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cogls.00008.luo.

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Abstract Adopting the Cognitive Linguistic (CL) framework, this study focuses on the particle placement phenomenon of English transitive particle verbs and its relationship with idiomaticity. Construal is argued to play a key role in determining which order a transitive particle verb should take. When a caused motion event or state change event is construed sequentially, the discontinuous order is taken to emphasize the final resultant state of the object. When the holistic construal is taken to view the same situation, the continuous order is adopted to profile the object or the interaction b

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Newman, John. "English posture verbs." Annual Review of Cognitive Linguistics 7 (November 16, 2009): 30–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/arcl.7.02new.

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This paper considers a number of linguistic properties of English SIT, STAND, and LIE which are argued to be the cardinal posture verbs of English. The distinctiveness of just these three posture verbs is evidenced by their relatively high frequency within the class of posture verbs in English and matched by grammaticalization facts in other languages. The paper considers the difficulty of differentiating action and state senses of these verbs and explores the use of posture verbs with inanimate subjects. It is argued that human experiential realities of posture motivate a number of these fact

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Esposito, Lewis. "An experimental and distributional investigation of two ‘non-culminating accomplishments’ in Mandarin." Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America 6, no. 1 (2021): 689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v6i1.5004.

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The result-state lexicalization behavior of Mandarin monomorphemic transitive verbs have been claimed to be homogenous, with the vast majority contributing to ‘non-culminating’ readings in accomplishment predicates. This paper presents experimental and distributional case studies of verbs expected to challenge this claim: xiu ‘fix’ and sha ‘kill’. An experiment was conducted to examine how contextual factors influence result-state interpretation, given reports of highly variable judgments for these verbs when considered a-contextually. The results suggests that while xiu NP ‘fix NP’ is a true

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Norvik, Miina. "The expression of change-of-state in the Finnic languages." Open Linguistics 6, no. 1 (2020): 171–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opli-2020-0013.

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AbstractThe present article studies verbs that are used to convey change-of-state in the Finnic languages: “to come”, “to go”, “to remain/stay”, “to get”, “will be”, “to make/do”, and “to be born/give birth”. These are polysemous core verbs, which can be expected to be integrated in constructions with (new) generalized grammatical meaning. As will be shown, in order to convey change-of-state typically they occur in constructions that either mark the goal and the source or leave both unmarked. In addition, change can be associated with experiential, existential, and possessive constructions, wh

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Mijeeva, Natalia A. "Semantic peculiarities of the verbs in the syntactic constructions used to describe emotional states in Spanish." Cuadernos Iberoamericanos, no. 3 (September 28, 2016): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2016-3-79-88.

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This article is dedicated to investigation of the syntactic constructions describing emotional state of a person in Spanish: constructions with verba sentiendi, constructions with change of the empathy, causative constructions. These constructions have a determinate semantic structure which includes a predicate name of emotion and a verb. Diﬀerent classiﬁcations of the verbs used in the above mentioned syntactic constructions are expounded and their semantic peculiarities are analysed in the article.

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Kozmács, István. "ON THE TYPOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF MOTION VERBS IN FINNO-UGRIC LANGUAGES." Yearbook of Finno-Ugric Studies 14, no. 2 (2020): 222–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2224-9443-2020-14-2-222-226.

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In this paper, I compare the semantic structure of the Hungarian and Udmurt verbs of motion. I state that, contrary to the general opinion of the typological literature, the semantic structure of Finno-Ugric verbs is not only Motion + Mode (Motion + Co-event). In Udmurt and in the old Hungarian language there are many motion verbs with the pattern Movement + PATH. Today, PATH is encoded differently in Udmurt and Hungarian movement verbs from a typological point of view. Probably the following happened: when the Hungarian verb system was consolidated, PATH was coded with the preverb, and verb-f

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Meha, Jeni Sintia Hunga, and Rosyidah Rosyidah. "Errors in the Formation of Präteritum for Regular and Irregular Verbs in Student's Essays in Aufsatz II Course State University of Malang." Journal DaFIna - Journal Deutsch als Fremdsprache in Indonesien 6, no. 2 (2022): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um079v6i22022p24-36.

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This study aims to describe the errors in the formation of Präteritum for regular and irregular verbs in student essays in Aufsatz II course and the factors that cause them. The data were collected using documentation and questionnaire techniques, then the data were analyzed using a qualitative descriptive approach. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that there were still many Offering A students class 2017 who had difficulties and made mistakes in forming Präteritum for regular verbs (regelmäβiges Verb) and irregular verbs (unregelmäβiges Verb) when writing essays. Factors ca

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Gross, Maurice. "Lemmatization of compound tenses in English." Lingvisticæ Investigationes. International Journal of Linguistics and Language Resources 22, no. 1-2 (1999): 71–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/li.22.1-2.06gro.

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We generalize the process of lemmatization of verbs to their compound tenses. Usually, lemmatization is limited on verbs conjugated by means of suffixes; tense auxiliaries and modal verbs (e.g. I have left, I am leaving, I could leave) are ignored. We have constructed a set of 83 finite-state grammars which parse auxiliary verbs and thus recognizes the ‘head verb’, that is, the lemma. We generalize the notion of auxiliary verb to verbs with sentential complements which have transformed constructions (e.g. I want to go) that can be parsed in exactly the same way as tense auxiliaries or modal ve

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Korenkova, Oleksandra. "Lexical-Semantic Classification of Cognitive Psych Verbs in Ukrainian, German and English." Studia Linguistica, no. 13 (2018): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/studling2018.13.123-133.

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The article deals with the concept and lexical-semantic classification of the gnostic mental state verbs on the material of modern Ukrainian, German and English languages. Particular attention is given to determination of common and distinctive features in the semantics of the gnostic mental state verbs in Ukrainian, German and English. The theoretical significance of the research lies in the definition of the concept and lexical-semantic features of the gnostic mental state verbs as a separate lexical-semantic class in each of the researched languages, which might lead to the further developm

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Pattakulovich, Imamov Navruz, and Karimova Munisa Yakhyoyevna. "SEMANTICS OF PERFECTIVE AND IMPERFECTIVE ASPECT." American Journal of Philological Sciences 4, no. 3 (2024): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ajps/volume04issue03-03.

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This article examines the concept of state aspect and holistic endpoint, action and state verbs are incomplete rather than complete, they do not encode any endpoint, and the verbs to do and succeed are complete because they are endpoints. Temporary instruments also serve to preserve the content of individual scenes, events as a whole, and completeness.

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Peelen, Marius V., Domenica Romagno, and Alfonso Caramazza. "Independent Representations of Verbs and Actions in Left Lateral Temporal Cortex." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 24, no. 10 (2012): 2096–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00257.

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Verbs and nouns differ not only on formal linguistic grounds but also in what they typically refer to: Verbs typically refer to actions, whereas nouns typically refer to objects. Prior neuroimaging studies have revealed that regions in the left lateral temporal cortex (LTC), including the left posterior middle temporal gyrus (pMTG), respond selectively to action verbs relative to object nouns. Other studies have implicated the left pMTG in action knowledge, raising the possibility that verb selectivity in LTC may primarily reflect action-specific semantic features. Here, using functional neuro

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Astri, Nanda Dwi, and Mulyadi Mulyadi. "Emotional Verbs of Angry in Javanese Ngoko: Semantic Studies." Randwick International of Education and Linguistics Science Journal 5, no. 4 (2024): 1259–68. https://doi.org/10.47175/rielsj.v5i4.1081.

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Emotional verbs are verbs that express a person's emotional or psychological state or action. This study uses the Natural Semantic Metalanguage (MSA) theory. MSA theory is a study of lexical semantics. The basic assumption of this theory is that complex meanings can be described using simpler configurations of meaning elements until they cannot be further described. The MSA theory used in this study is a framework for mapping meaning using basic components that can be understood by all native speakers. MSA theory is able to explain the lexical meaning of stative emotional verbs, while polysemy

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Essegbey, James, and Felix K. Ameka. "“Cut” and “break” verbs in Gbe and Sranan." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 22, no. 1 (2007): 37–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.22.1.04ess.

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This paper compares “cut” and “break” verbs in four variants of Gbe, namely Anfoe, Anlo, Fon and Ayizo, with those of Sranan. “Cut” verbs are change-of-state verbs that co-lexicalize the type of action that brings about a change, the type of instrument or instrument part, and the manner in which a change occurs. By contrast, break verbs co-lexicalize either the type of object or the type of change. It has been hypothesized that “cut”-verbs are unergative while breaks verbs are unaccusatives. For example “break” verbs participate in the causative alternation constructions but “cut” verbs don’t.

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Xu, Jia. "Cognitive linguistic analysis of spatial verbs in “Zuo Zhuan” and exploration of the spatiotemporal relationship bioinformatically." Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics 22, no. 3 (2025): 831. https://doi.org/10.62617/mcb831.

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In recent years, the digitalization of ancient books has revitalized traditional works and highlighted the “humanistic” dimension of digitalization. This article employs the SikuBERT pre-training model, which is tailored for natural language processing in classical Chinese texts, and forges an innovative connection with the realm of biomechanics, to conduct a comprehensive analysis of spatial verbs in the pre-Qin dynasty text Zuo Zhuan. The analysis encompasses detailed annotation, quantitative analysis, automatic recognition, and evaluation of spatial verbs, culminating in the creation of a d

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Fábregas, Antonio. "Los verbos adimensionales." Revue Romane / Langue et littérature. International Journal of Romance Languages and Literatures 55, no. 1 (2018): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/rro.17018.fab.

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Abstract The goal of this article is the analysis of the empirical properties of change of state verbs which do not specifiy lexically the dimension where change operates – such as aumentar ‘increase’, reducir ‘reduce’, acrecentar ‘increase’ –, and also to examine the theoretical consequences that this class has for our understanding of argument structure, the distinction between light and non-light predicates and the interconnection of structural and conceptual semantics. We will show that these verbs, which we label ‘adimensional predicates’ are sharply different from prototypical change of

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Amrullah, Qadrina Lailyn, Ahmad Munir, and Suharsono Suharsono. "Rhetorical Functions of Reporting Verbs in Author Prominent Citations of Graduate Students’ Research Papers." Journal of English Language and Literature 8, no. 3 (2017): 690–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.17722/jell.v8i3.341.

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This study investigates the rhetorical functions of reporting verbs employed in the author prominent citations of research papers written by graduate students. Specifically, this study aims to 1) describe the use of reporting verbs functioning as research acts, cognition acts and discourse acts in the graduate students’ research papers, and 2) evaluate the appropriateness of those uses of reporting verbs in each research paper. Thus, the examples of the use, misuse, and overuse of the reporting verbs committed by the students were presented in this study. Following this, Hyland’s (2002) insigh

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Gonzalez, Becky Halloran. "The Syntactic Distribution of Object Experiencer Psych Verbs in Heritage Spanish." Languages 5, no. 4 (2020): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages5040063.

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This paper contributes to our understanding of the grammatical architecture of heritage languages and, specifically, the role of lexical semantics, by examining the syntactic distribution of Spanish psych verbs. Object experiencer psych verbs in Spanish fall into two classes: Class II (e.g., molestar “to bother”) and Class III (e.g., encantar “to love”). Class II verbs allow numerous syntactic alternations, while Class III verbs are more restricted syntactically. The asymmetry under investigation here is attributed to a lexical semantic featural difference—Class II verbs can be [±change of sta

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Bogoyavlenskaya, Yulia. "Verbal Collocations with Components “(Nouveau) Coronavirus” and “COVID-19” in French." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 2. Jazykoznanije, no. 4 (September 2023): 132–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu2.2023.4.10.

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The article is devoted to the study of semantic restrictions in the use of verbal collocations with the components "(nouveau) coronavirus" and "COVID-19" applying the AntConc service. It has been found that "coronavirus" lexemes tend to co-occur with 135 verbs. The most common model is (nouveau) coronavirus / COVID-19 + V, where the virus acts as a subject of action and the verbs belong to the lexical-semantic fields "Physical impact on the object", "Qualitative state", "Being", "Progressive motion of the subject", "Social relations", "Social activity", "Interpersonal relationships", "Relation

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