Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Verres de borosilicate de sodium'
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Pablo, Hélène. "Diffusion chimique dans les verres borosilicates d'intérêt nucléaire." Thesis, Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MNHN0014/document.
Full textChemical diffusion is a key-phenomenon during nuclear glass synthesis. At high temperature, diffusion leads to homogenization of the melt contributing to the transformation of heterogeneous waste and frit precursors to a homogeneous glass after cooling. In contrast, in the supercooled liquid, diffusion is a critical factor affecting phase separation and/or crystallization processes that must be avoided when producing a high quality final product.In this manuscript, the impact of chemical diffusion on crystallization and liquid homogenization is studied for a simplified sodium borosilicate glass between its glass transition temperature and its synthesis temperature. For this kind of system, qualified as multicomponent, the description of diffusive phenomena requires the calculation of a diffusion matrix that takes into account diffusive couplings between species. These couplings can be written in the form of diffusive mechanisms or “diffusive exchanges” that are invariant with temperature. The activation energies associated with these exchanges are close to the activation energy of shear viscosity which suggests that viscous flow and chemical diffusion are driven by a single mechanism related to the frequency of Si-O and B-O bond breaking. It is also highlighted that in the supercooled liquid, the principal diffusive exchange (SiO2-Na2O) and the secondary diffusive exchange (SiO2-B2O3) play a significant role on the kinetics and direction of growth of crystalline phases which are formed in our system. These results are used to rationalise the evolution of compositional gradients in the vicinity and far from crystals. In the last part of this work, a complexification of the glasses was initiated by adding lanthanum to simulate one of the main lanthanides of the R7T7 nuclear glass composition. The data collected reveal diffusive couplings between lanthanum and silicon. These couplings, combined with the other results explain the formation of a lanthanum borosilicate phase (LaBSiO5)
Poirot, Isabelle. "Etude du neptunium dans un verre borosilicate." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376004621.
Full textBureau, Géraldine. "Compréhension structurale des effets d’auto-irradiation alpha dans les verres : couplage entre études spectroscopiques et modélisation atomistique." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066698.
Full textMarc, Jean-Louis. "Elaboration et caractérisation optique de nano-cristallites semi-conductrices CdX (X = S, Se, Te) dispersées dans un verre borosilicate de sodium préparé par le procédé sol-gel." Montpellier 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON20257.
Full textCachia, Jean-Nicolas. "Solubilité d'éléments aux degrés d'oxydation III et IV dans les verres de borosilicate." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20165.
Full textCachia, Jean-Nicolas. "Solubilité d'éléments aux degrés d'oxydation III et IV dans les verres de borosilicate : application aux actinides dans les verres nucléaires /." [Gif-sur-Yvette] : [CEA Saclay, Direction des systèmes d'information], 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb409352592.
Full textJouglard, Dylan. "Propriétés électriques de verres d'intérêt nucléaire." Thesis, Orléans, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ORLE2036/document.
Full textThe vitrification of high-level nuclear waste is an important step to master in order to ensure their immobilization. Since 2010, a cold crucible induction melter is used in the La Hague plant due to its advantages. This process is based on electromagnetic currents directly induced on the load of the crucible whose walls are water-cooled. Thanks to the thermal gradient established between these cooled walls and the molten glass, a solid glass layer called self-crucible is created which protects the crucible from corrosion effects and acts as an electrical insulator. Due to their complex composition and microstructure, the study of electrical and dielectric properties of nuclear glasses and the understanding of the related phenomena are necessary in order to efficiently master the cold crucible process and the associated thermo-hydraulic simulations.This study is dealing with the description of the electric charge motion phenomena involving the electrical and dielectric properties of the nuclear borosilicate glasses. Relationships between these properties, the composition and the microstructure are also given. These issues are firstly broached through the investigation of two industrial inactive glasses of complex composition thanks to microstructure characterizations and complex impedance measurements in the solid-state. A more detailed description of the phenomena is performed thanks to the characterization of simplified glasses containing 5 oxides (SiO2-B2O3-Na2O-CaO -RuO2 or -MoO3) allowing a better understanding of the charge motion according to the electrical field frequency, the temperature, the composition and the microstructure of the material
Cochain, Benjamin. "Cinétique et mécanismes d’oxydoréduction dans les silicates fondus : études expérimentales de verres nucléaires simplifiés et d’échantillons naturels." Paris 6, 2009. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00813321.
Full textThis work contributes to better understand iron redox reactions and mechanisms in silicate melts. It was conducted on compositions in both Na2O-B2O3-SiO2-FeO et Na2OAl2O3- SiO2-FeO systems. The influence of boron-sodium and aluminum-sodium substitutions and iron content on properties and structure of glasses and on the iron redox kinetics has been studied by Raman, Mössbauer and XANES spectroscopies at the B and Fe K-edges. In borosilicate glasses, an increase in iron content or in the Fe3+/Fe redox state implies a structural rearrangement of the BO4 species in the glass network whereas the BO3 and BO4 relative proportions remain nearly constant. In all studied glasses and melts, Fe3+ is a network former in tetrahedral coordination, unless for aluminosilicates of ratio Al/Na>1 where Fe3+ is a network modifier in five-fold coordination. Near Tg, diffusion of network modifying cations controls the iron redox kinetics along with a flux of electron holes. At liquidus temperatures, oxygen diffusion is considered to be the mechanism that governs redox reactions. This study shows the role played by the silicate network polymerization on the redox kinetics. In borosilicate melts, iron redox kinetics depends on the boron speciation between BO3 and BO4 that depends itself on the sodium content. Furthermore, an increase in the network-former/network-modifier ratio implies a decrease in oxygen diffusion that results in a slowing down of the redox kinetics. The obtained results allow a description of the iron redox kinetics for more complex compositions as natural lavas or nuclear waste model glasses
Viviani, David. "Etude des sites structuraux responsables du transport dans les verres d'alcalins mixtes." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20184.
Full textDiallo, Babacar. "Etude structurale des phénomènes de séparation de phases dans des verres d'oxydes aluminosilicatés et borosilicatés : application à la synthèse de vitrocéramiques." Thesis, Orléans, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ORLE3014.
Full textPhase separation phenomena in glasses correspond to the formation of heterogeneities during melting,quenching, or any other heat treatment. These heterogeneities modifies the homogeneity and thephysicochemical properties of glasses in the liquid state and can affect shaping operation of glasses. Thus,phase separation study is particularly interesting in the context of glasses formulation and glass-ceramicssynthesis. Indeed, the microstructures induced by the phase separation often lead to regularly distributedvitreous domains in a vitreous matrix, which can be crystallized under an appropriate heat treatment. So, thestructural modifications generated by the phase separation in ternary lanthanum aluminosilicate LaAS,lanthanum borosilicate LaBS and barium borosilicate BaBS is studied by using high resolution solid state NMRto understand the structural changes caused by the phase separation for glass ceramics synthesis
Cochain, Benjamin. "Cinétique et mécanismes d'oxydoréduction dans les silicates fondus Études expérimentales de verres nucléaires simplifiés et d'échantillons naturels." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00813321.
Full textKayi-Maoumoucka, Jean-Claude. "Elaboration par procédé sol-gel et caractérisation de vitrocéramiques borogermanate et borosilicate contenant des semi-conducteurs (PbO, CdO, CdS)." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20009.
Full textFournier-Renaud, Judith. "Cinétiques de dissolution des cristaux dans les silicates fondus : contexte des verres nucléaires." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTS034/document.
Full textIn France, High-Level radioactive Wastes (HLW) coming from nuclear spent fuel treatment are confined at the atomic scale in an homogeneous sodium-borosilicate glass called the R7T7 glass. At different stages of the melting process performed at high temperature, crystallized phases which incorporate the radionuclides are temporarily formed before their dissolution. The formation conditions of these crystals have already been studied but, to date, few studies on their dissolution in nuclear glass melt have been performed. The objective of this thesis is the description of the kinetics and mechanisms of the crystals dissolution in the borosilicate melt.This study focuses on the dissolution of rare earth silicates with an apatite structure (Ca2Nd8(SiO4)6O2 type) in three borosilicate melt compositions. Experiments are conducted in isothermal mode and in closed system. The crystalline fractions are followed according to time thanks to the acquisition of SEM images mosaics coupled with image analysis. In addition, chemical profiles at the crystal/melt interfaces are acquired by microprobe.The Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov (JMAK) model, usually applied to describe the crystallization in melt, is successfully applied to the crystalline fractions measured during the dissolution process. The application of this model for different temperatures of thermal treatment validates its effectiveness to describe the dissolution kinetics of rare earth silicates in borosilicate systems in static mode. Its application is furthermore extended to the crystals dissolution in more complex systems where different types of crystals are simultaneously present. This model allows to determine the mechanism limiting the crystals dissolution in borosilicate melts, i.e. the diffusion in the studied systems, the activation energy of the dissolution as well as the constants of dissolution and the characteristic durations of dissolution for each considered temperature
Paraskiva, Alla. "Développement de membranes pour les capteurs chimiques potentiométriques spécifiques aux ions Thallium et Sodium." Thesis, Littoral, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017DUNK0466/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis was to study the physicochemical properties of the chalcogenide glasses for possibility to use them as the chemical sensor membranes for the quantitative analysis of TI⁺ and NA⁺ ions. Firstly, the measurements of the macroscopic properties such as the densities and the characteristic temperatures (Tg, Tc, Tf) and their analysis according to the glass compositions were carried out. After that, the transport properties were studied through complex impedance conductivity measurements and from dc conductivity measurements. These experiments have shown the mixed cation effect in three chalcogenide glassy systems with TI/Ag ions and the percolation regime in the NaCl-Ga₂S₃-GeS₂ system. Then the silver ¹⁰⁸mAg and thallium ²⁰⁴TI tracer diffusion measurements were carried out for (TI₂S)ₓ(Ag₂S)₅₀₋ₓ(GeS)₂₅(GeS₂)₂₅ system. The result permit to explain the mixed cation effect. In order to better understand the transport phenomena of the studied systems, the various structural studies have been deployed using Raman spectroscopy, neutron diffraction and high energy X-ray diffraction. Finally, the last part of this work is entirely devoted to the characterization of new chemical sensors for detection of TI⁺ and NA⁺ ions in solution. In the first case, the sensors with different membrane compositions were tested for defining the sensitivity, the detection limit, the selectivity coefficients in the presence of interfering ions, the reproductibility, the pH influence. In addition, the ionic exchange with radioactive isotopes ²⁰⁴TI between the solution and the GeS₂ or Ge₂S₃ based glasses was performed for understanding and explaining the significant differences in the sensitivity and the detection limit presented by the sensors whose membranes have the similar glass compositions. In the second case, the studies shows the existence of sensitivity for NA⁺ ions so the development of sensors for the determination of sodium ions is possible
Dussauze, Marc. "Génération de second harmonique dans des verres borophosphate de sodium et niobium par polarisation thermique." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011055.
Full textRobinet, Laurianne. "Le rôle des polluants organiques dans l'altération des verres sodiques historiques." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00088408.
Full textDucel, Jean-François. "Nouveaux verres borophosphates de sodium et de calcium. Corrélation structure-propriétés physico-chimiques. Application dans le domaine biomédical." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 1993. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00134062.
Full textDucel, Jean-François. "Nouveaux verres borophosphatés de sodium et de calcium : corrélation structure-propriétés physico-chimiques : application dans le domaine biomédical." Bordeaux 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR10554.
Full textCastro, Alexandre. "Développement de batteries tout solide sodium ion à base d’électrolyte en verre de chalcogénures." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1S126/document.
Full textThe evolution of energy consumption in recent decades has led to major changes in the design of autonomous electrical systems dedicated to either electrical or electronic applications. The present demand to build generators capable of delivering sufficient energy, with a guarantee of maximum safety, requires to explore new storage routes. The current lithium battery routes tend to show their limits, both strategic and environmental. In this context, the construction of new electrochemical systems implementing sodium opens the way of the lithium-free accumulators production. The need for ever more efficient batteries requires innovative designs, giving up the liquid path in favor of stronger solid systems. In addition, the miniaturization of electronics leads to a review of the size of the batteries, to micro-type batteries, for which the interest of a solid stack is no longer to demonstrate. Today, sulfur chalcogenide glasses allow access to ionic conductivities that suggest the possibility of a realization of all solid batteries, both in the form of micro batteries or massive batteries. A research effort has been made to formulate these chalcogenide glasses in order to obtain a maximum of ionic conductivity and properties allowing their use as electrolytes. The composition of these glasses highlights the interest of the different elements for such properties. The study of the electrolyte shaping by thin-film deposition (obtained by Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputering, RFMS) proves the feasibility of these all-solid sodium micro-batteries. Subsequently, the realization of massive all solid batteries required the synthesis of two cathode materials (NaCrO2 and Na [Ni0.25Fe0.5Mn0.25]O2) and two anode materials (Na15Sn4 and Na) thus allowing the implementation of four electrochemical stacks, all characterized as accumulators. Finally, the improvement of the interfaces thanks to a gel-polymer made it possible to improve the properties of the assemblies with notably an increase of the speeds of charge / discharge and an enhanced mobilization of the cathode active materials
Pacaud, Fabien. "Étude des propriétés physicochimiques de verres borosilicatés et de borosilicates de lanthane par dynamique moléculaire à partir d’un champ de force polarisable." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066504/document.
Full textAs result of the nuclear waste vitrification, the knowledge and understanding of the dynamic and structural properties of glasses, including the behavior of radionuclides, is important (in liquid and solid phases). It can influence the glass waste properties, the lifetime of the vitrification process and the amount of radionuclides introduced in the glass matrix. Molecular dynamic simulations have been done to study the influence of the glass matrix composition into the structural and dynamic properties of the glass. A simplified glass, with 3 major oxides of the R7T7 glass such as SiO2, B2O3 and Na2O, have been used to simulate the R7T7 industrial nuclear glass (a 30 oxides glass). The inclusion of La2O3 allows us to simulate the impact of fission products and minor actinides into the properties of the glass matrix. Both systems, the SiO2-B2O3-Na2O and SiO2-B2O3-Na2O-La2O3, allow us to study the sodium and lanthanum effect on the properties of the glass. During this work, a polarizable force field has been developed to do these simulations. The results obtained at room temperature let us reproduce the experimental results of the structure, the distribution of BIII/BIV and the density. A study has been done on the viscosity and electrical conductivity of the liquid. The distribution BIV/BIII and the influence of the structural changes on the density along with the temperature have also been observed with thermal quenchings. The current limits of this approach are also described
Barth, Nicolas. "Sur la modélisation et la simulation du comportement mécanique endommageable de verres borosilicatés sous sollicitation thermique." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAD016/document.
Full textWe study the thermomechanical behavior of vitrified waste packages by multiphysics modeling. The packages are manufactured by the cast of borosilicate glass into stainless steel canisters. The finite element method is used for the thermal computations.In the glass, the finite element analysis is also used to compute the specific volume evolution and the viscoelastic behavior, due to the structural relaxation of glass, as well as the simulation of the damage behavior. These consecutive behavior laws model theinfluence of the initial thermal response. Glass structural relaxation is computed using the TNM-KAHRmodel, which allows us to take into account fundamental phenomena of the glass transition, depending on the results of experimental and simulated thermal treatments. For the solid glass within this relaxation process, the stress may locally increase beyond critical values. The viscoelastic structure simulation is then coupled with continuum damage mechanics where stresses and stiffness are updated in mode I and mode II. We apply this simulation protocol after adopting conditions relative to the case of these manufactured bulky solidifying glass casts. The models then allow us to quantify the cracking surfaces inside the glass fromthe energy dissipated within the damagemodel
Cardinal, Thierry. "Proprietes optiques non lineaires des verres borophosphates de titane ou de niobium." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00148412.
Full textDutilleul, Olivier. "Mécanisme de corrosion des verres P2O5-Na2O-CaO-M2O3 (M:Fe3+, Al3+) amorphes et dévitrifiés." Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD491.
Full textLizzi, Federico. "Phase separated borosilicate glasses for dental applications : mixture design in relation with the ion release in acid condition and microstructure." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1076/document.
Full textThe research for efficient dental materials has been a constant throughout the history of dentistry. As better materials emerged, the development of ever more innovative materials has been pushed forward. Moreover the combination of different sciences such as chemistry, biology, physics and engineering has provided better knowledge to the demanding requirements of the dental restorations. The BIODENSOL project is a European commission funded mobility research project managed by the University of Lyon and LUCIDEON Ltd, Stoke-on-Trent, UK. The project is designed to help building relations between academic and commercial research to enhance medical innovations and associates solid state chemists and hospital practicioners in direct contact with the patients with dental problems. This project proposes three PhD studies to address the problems of caries and enamel erosion by acidic foods (leading to sensitive teeth) encouraging re-mineralization to help avoid these problems. The researches independently evolved in three different routes investigating three different materials that could provide potential solutions. The main objective of this thesis concerns the study of Borosilicate phase separated glass powders for glass ionomer cements. As silicate bioglasses developed by Hench in 1969, regarding their bioactivity and antimicrobial properties, borosilicates glasses are promising materials and have been widely studied for biomedical applications for scaffolds in soft tissues and for bone repair and could be of interest in dentistry. The glass system studied here is a borosilicate glass (SiO2-K2O-B2O3-CaO-Al2O3) with a strong tendency to phase separate. The objective of this work is to characterize a series of the novel borosilicate formulations and to understand the mechanism and kinetic of dissolution related to their microstructure and composition. The use of thermal treatment to promote phase separation as a means of influencing the rate of ion leaching was especially studied. The dissolution process of borosilicates in neutral body solution (simulating body fluid) or in acid solution (simulating scenarios where bacteria or acid foods are present) provides information regarding the type and concentration of species released by the glass. Different compositions have been investigated in which SiO2 and K2O are fixed while the other elements are varied in order to assess the effect on the phase separation. As the novel borosilicates produced with the meltquenching technique is immersed in an aqueous environment, B-, Si-, Ca-, K- and Al- species are released to different degrees as a function of the time. Ion leaching trends can be related to the glass chemistry and microstructure. It has been shown that the amorphous phase separation (APS) causes an initially homogeneous single phase to separate into two or more phases of different compositions. The degree of interconnectivity of the two glass phases depend on the nature of the phase separation mechanism. This process can occur by a nucleation and growth process which gives isolated spherical particles or by spinodal decomposition where an interconnected structure is obtained. It is significant that before a heat-treatment the glasses are optically clear, but turn opalescent to different degrees following a heat treatment depending on the wt% of the elements in the composition. The pattern of the ion release implies that one of the phases is more reactive and susceptible to acid attack and will be leached out from the glass earlier. The other phase will remain in the cement improving the mechanical properties of the dental restorative material. Moreover, the mixing of the glass powder with a commercial poly(acrylic acid) has shown interesting mechanical and bioactive properties. This work showed how the ions leaching are influenced by the glass composition and the heat-treatment... [etc]
Debure, Mathieu. "Étude de la dissolution de verres borosilicatés en présence de minéraux magnésiens modèles représentatifs des minéraux de l'argilite du Callovo-Oxfordien." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00797458.
Full textSonneville, Camille. "Étude des propriétés élastiques des verres d’oxydes sous haute pression : implications structurales." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10114/document.
Full textThe structural study of glasses under pressure is of fundamental interest in Physics, Earth Science and is technologically important for the comprehension of industrial material properties. The elastic anomaly at 2.5GPa in pure silica glass is a well known phenomenon and its existence is more than likely in GeO2 glass. In this work the persistence of the elastic anomaly in more complex and more widely glass compositions as sodium alumino silicate glasses was studied. The elastic anomaly was studied in situ in GeO2 and three sodium alumino silicate glasses by Brillouin and Raman scattering. The studied sodium alumino silicate glasses had the following compositions : (Al2O3)X(Na2O)25−X(SiO2)75 where X=0, 6 et 12% and is the molar percentage of Al2O3. The elastic anomaly was shown to persist in a broad domain of chemical compositions thus its existence is not reduced to pure silica glass. Its existence seems to be linked to the presence of 6 membered rings. Beyond the elastic limit, the structural modifications was studied in pure silica, GeO2 glass and sodium alumino silica glasses (with X=0, 2, 6, 9, 12 et 16% of Al2O3) in order to structurally better understand the densification phenomenon. Firstly the elastic anomaly was studied by Brillouin scattering experiments, was shown to progressively disappear with the densification. This progressive disappearance was interpreted in terms of a progressive structure induced transformation from a Low Density Amorphous form (LDA) into a High Density Amorphous form (HDA) : LDA → HDA. In situ and ex situ studies by Brillouin and Raman scattering, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) showed that the pressure induced structural transformation was highly dependent of the glass chemical composition. For instance the presence of sodium cations promotes short range order modifications, such as formation of highly coordinated species (Al, Si) and network depolymerization. On the other hand, glasses with a high aluminum concentration show a densification process closer to that of pure silica glass, with mainly middle range order structural modifications such as a decrease of the inter-tetrahedral angle or ring size decrease
Degioanni, Simon. "Nanostructures métalliques et effets de composition des verres silicatés pour les capteurs à fibres optiques." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10101/document.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to study composition variations of silicate glasses or the integration of metallic nanostructures that may be relevant for distributed fiber optic sensors (FOS). These sensors use optical fiber cores mainly composed of silica (SiO2) to probe temperature or strain on multi-kilometer route fibers. To measure these effects, Raman and Brillouin backscattering in optical fibers are used, Raman scattering being sensitive to temperature variations and Brillouin scattering to temperature and strain variations. Raman scattering intensity may be enhanced in conjunction with noble metal nanostructures via the SERS effect (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) which involves surface plasmon resonance (SPR), a collective oscillation of free electrons at the metal surface generating a large amplification of the local electric field. The integration of metallic nanostructures in optical fibers could increase Raman backscattering intensity and improve FOS performance (sensitivity, integration time…). A study on model samples has been performed with SERS substrates consisting of gold nanostructures and coated with a sol-gel oxide deposition (TiO2, SiO2). The obtained SERS results are used to predict the contribution of metallic nanostructures in Raman distributed temperature FOS
Duchesne, Claire. "Etude des proprietes optiques non lineaires dans les verres. Cas du systeme NA2O-TIO2-P2O5." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 1993. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00136123.
Full textEl, Masloumi Mohamed. "Photoluminescence et cristallochimie des polyphosphates de formule Na1-xAgxM(PO3)4 (M : La, Y) à l'état cristallisé ou vitreux." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00385469.
Full textEl, Masloumi Mohamed. "Photoluminescence et cristallochimie des polyphosphates de formule Na1-xAgxM(PO3)4 (M : la, Y) à l’état cristallisé ou vitreux." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13727/document.
Full textThis work focuses on keeping with the general pattern of investigations of physical-chemical properties of silver-polyphosphates to find new ways for devices such as lighting, visible range laser applications and radiophotoluminescence. The goal of this study aims at understanding the processes of Ag+ luminescence in Na1-xAgxLn(PO3)4 (Ln = La et Y) compounds which structure has been completely determinated. The luminescence of the single crystals is induced by Ag+ ions in isolated sites and close to hole centers (Ag2+) resulting in UV photosensitivity for the lanthanum crystals. The photoluminescence of the Na1-xAgxLa(PO3)4 glasses (glass-forming only) has been resolved owing to UV irradiation investigations and comparison with the luminescence of Na2-xAgxZnP2O7 glass. Both are also due to Ag+ ions in isolated sites
Gacem, Lakhdar. "Cristallogenèse et caractérisations du diphosphate Na2ZnP2O7 pur et dopé et de la solution solide de type pérovskite Na(1x)BaxNb(1x)TixO3." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00474354.
Full textChang, Chih-Chiang, and 張智強. "Effect of phase-separation on the glass structure and spectroscopic property of Eu-doped sodium borosilicate glasses." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41028869109359165740.
Full text國立聯合大學
材料科學工程學系碩士班
94
The effect of glass phase-separation on the spectroscopic property and glass structure with 59SiO2-33B2O3-8Na2O-xEu2O3 composition were investigated. The glasses were prepared by rapid quenching of the 1400˚C melts. The changes of the local environment of Eu3+ ions in this host matrix were analyzed by UV-Vis spectrometer and photoluminescence property. The glass transition temperature and dilatometric softening temperature were determined by TMA. SEM shows the microstructure of the glass samples that heat-treated at various period of time. The compositions of the glass as quenched and that after phase-separated were both analyzed by ICP-OES. The glass structure was determined by FTIR and NMR. Based upon the experimental results, the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass is about 50 x 10-7/˚C. The microstructure of the phase-separated glass apparently shows spinodal decomposition when heat-treated at 570~700˚C. It is found Eu3+ ions will gather in borate-rich phase after phase separation. The intensity of photoluminescence increases as the heating prolonged.