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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Vertical surface deflection

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Academic literature on the topic 'Vertical surface deflection'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Vertical surface deflection"

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Wang, Zhong W., Charles WW Ng, and Guo B. Liu. "Characteristics of wall deflections and ground surface settlements in Shanghai." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 42, no. 5 (2005): 1243–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t05-056.

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The characteristics of wall deflections and surface ground settlements at six deep multi-strutted excavations in Shanghai soft soils were studied and compared with those of similar case histories reported worldwide, particularly in Taipei and Singapore. The measured wall deflections at the six metro stations of the Pearl II Circle Line show a typical bulging profile (or deep-seated shape) at the end of the excavation. The ratio between the measured maximum wall deflection and the depth of the excavation (δhm /H) in Shanghai was <0.007, which was similar to the ratio measured in Taipei, but

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Gerstbach, G. "Rapid computation of vertical deflection effects on crustal deformation networks." Tectonophysics 130, no. 1-4 (1986): 427–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(86)90131-9.

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Peshekhonov, V. G. "Problem of the Vertical Deflection in High-Precision Inertial Navigation." Giroskopiya i Navigatsiya 28, no. 4 (2020): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17285/0869-7035.0046.

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The paper addresses the systematic error of an inertial navigation system, caused by the discrepancy between the plumb line and the normal to the reference ellipsoid surface. The methods of this discrepancy estimation, and their use for correcting the output data of inertial navigation systems are studied.

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Zhang, Nian Mei, and Xu Dong Wang. "Deformation Analysis of Pavement Structures under Coexistence of Vertical and Horizontal Loads." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 3053–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.3053.

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The surface deflection and displacement is an important performance index to evaluate the bearing capacity of pavement structures. In this work, the dynamical responses of elastic pavement structures subjected to moving vehicles are studied. Based on the elasticity, the strain distribution and the deformation of asphalt pavement structures under coexistence of vertical and horizontal loads are investigated. Integral transform method is used to obtain the deflection response function. The influence of the horizontal braking load on the dynamic response of the pavement structure is analyzed. The

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Zhang, Li Juan. "Dynamic Response of Asphalt Pavement on Semi-Rigid Base due to Heavy Load." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 1745–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.1745.

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The purpose of this paper is to study dynamic-characteristics of asphalt-pavement on semi-rigid base loaded with moving, heavy-load. Based on transient-dynamics theory, three-dimensional finite-element (FE) model was developed for structural dynamic-responses analysis using ANSYS software. The heavy-duty axle-load model was established according to Belgium-Design Code, and the dynamic-load was simplified as sinusoidal-wave load. For the pavement mechanics indexes (road-surface deflection, the vertical and lateral stress, the shear stress and the strain), the time-history curves and distributio

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Dritschel, David G., Nathan Paldor, and Adrian Constantin. "The Ekman spiral for piecewise-uniform viscosity." Ocean Science 16, no. 5 (2020): 1089–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-16-1089-2020.

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Abstract. We re-visit Ekman's (1905) classic problem of wind-stress-induced ocean currents to help interpret observed deviations from Ekman's theory, in particular from the predicted surface current deflection of 45∘. While previous studies have shown that such deviations can be explained by a vertical eddy viscosity varying with depth, as opposed to the constant profile taken by Ekman, analytical progress has been impeded by the difficulty in solving Ekman's equation. Herein, we present a solution for piecewise-constant eddy viscosity which enables a comprehensive understanding of how the sur

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Gupta, Ankit, and Abhinav Kumar. "Comparative Structural Analysis of Flexible Pavements Using Finite Element Method." International Journal on Pavement Engineering & Asphalt Technology 15, no. 1 (2014): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ijpeat-2013-0005.

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ABSTRACT The evaluation of bituminous concrete mixes for their tendency to rutting has been an important research field for many years. Rutting is a major type of distress encountered in bituminous pavements. The Finite Element Method (FEM) is a numerical analysis technique to obtain various structural parameters such as stress, strain and deflection of pavement layers. The objective of this paper is to study the sensitivity of these variables in reducing the vertical surface deflections, the critical tensile strains at the bottom of the bitumen layer and the critical compressive strains on th

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Manoussakis, Gerassimos, and Romylos Korakitis. "Refinement of the normal Eötvös matrix and its influence on the estimation of the deflections of the vertical." Contributions to Geophysics and Geodesy 45, no. 2 (2015): 93–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/congeo-2015-0015.

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Abstract The elements of the Eötvös matrix, usually determined by torsion balance measurements, are useful in many geodetic applications. We present a method for the computation of the elements of the normal Eötvös matrix at a point on the Earth’s physical surface, resulting in an improvement in the determination of the deflection of the vertical at intermediate points of a network. In the process, we also present analytical expressions for the computation of the components of the deflection of the vertical. From those expressions and using also a numerical example, we show that the proposed r

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Hirt, Christian, and Eugen Wildermann. "Reactivation of the Venezuelan vertical deflection data set from classical astrogeodetic observations." Journal of South American Earth Sciences 85 (August 2018): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2018.05.003.

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Loo, M. "A Model Analysis of Tire Behavior Under Vertical Loading and Straight-Line Free Rolling." Tire Science and Technology 13, no. 2 (1985): 67–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2346/1.2150989.

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Abstract A structural analog, consisting of a flexible circular ring under tension with a nest of radially arranged linear springs and dampers, is developed as a pneumatic tire model. The model is concerned with the prediction of the tire's vertical load-deflection characteristics and its free rolling resistance. The mathematical formulation of the boundary of the model's region of contact with a smooth hard surface is based on approximations made using the theory of a tensioned string supported by an elastic foundation. Forces developed within the contact region are computed from geometrical

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Vertical surface deflection"

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Sinmez, Bugra. "Characterization of Geogrid Reinforced Ballast Behavior Through Finite Element Modeling." Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7946.

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Recently, the railway pavement structure system, as an integral part of the transport infrastructure, has been under fast development in some countries such as China, Turkey, and some European Union countries, particularly for the use of high-speed trains. In designing and constructing the railway pavement structure, it is necessary to take into account the infrastructure demand of the High-Speed Railway Lines (HSRL). Compared to traditional railway trains, HSRL can cause more significant problems to the ballast or base layer of commonly used ballasted railway pavements. The deteriorated balla

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Book chapters on the topic "Vertical surface deflection"

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Freeden, Willi, Christian Gerhards, Helga Nutz, and Michael Schreiner. "Disturbing Potential from Deflections of the Vertical: From Globally Reflected Surface Gradient Equation to Locally Oriented Multiscale Modeling." In Encyclopedia of Geodesy. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02370-0_126-2.

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Freeden, Willi, Christian Gerhards, Helga Nutz, and Michael Schreiner. "Disturbing Potential from Deflections of the Vertical: From Globally Reflected Surface Gradient Equation to Locally Oriented Multiscale Modeling Multiscale modeling." In Encyclopedia of Geodesy. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02370-0_126-1.

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"The Ecology and Management of Wood in World Rivers." In The Ecology and Management of Wood in World Rivers, edited by MICHAEL MUTZ. American Fisheries Society, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569568.ch5.

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<em>Abstract.</em>—Although submerged wood obviously influences the flow, little information exists on its various hydraulic effects in streams and rivers. This chapter gives a brief overview of the current knowledge about hydraulic effects of circular cylinders and simple tree shaped models and summarizes the few field data on wood induced hydraulics in streams and rivers. The focus is on the flow pattern and other effects of importance for instream ecology. The principal cross-flow field of a singular log perpendicular to flow is determined by the Reynolds number related to the log’s diameter. For the range of Reynolds numbers of logs and branches in streams and rivers (1 ‧ 10<sup>2</sup> to 1 ‧ 10<sup>6</sup>), the cross flow pattern is symmetrical, vortex streets shed, and a wake with reduced mean velocity develops behind the log. In the vertical confined flow of streams and rivers, the hydraulic effects depend on the blockage caused by the log, its distances to the water surface, and its distance to the streambed. The blockage determines the resistance to flow, the upstream afflux, the local flow acceleration, and the intensity of flow deflection. For logs within distances of 2 diameters to the water surface, the relative submergence and the Froude Number determine the highly variable local cross-flow field. For logs near the streambed, the form and roughness of the bed and the size of the gap to the bed control the hydraulics. Submerged jet-like flows, which cause local scour, are reported, but detailed information on the hydraulics of logs close to a natural streambed is missing. For logs in close contact to or partly embedded into the bed, the principal flow pattern of recirculating vortices attached to the bed develop in front and behind the logs. The extent of these vortices and the extent of the wake behind the logs appear to be larger in sand-bed streams than in flumes with smooth and level beds. Complex dense wooden objects and wood accumulations are comparable to solid structures. Their flow field is determined by the size of the bluff surfaces and the shedding from edges obtuse to flow. Wood spread out at the streambed causes skin roughness, and models based on technical roughness approximate the resulting near-bed flow regime. The general validity of most findings in streams and rivers is still vague since they are supported by only few data. Further flow data from the field and from flume experiments that simulate the complexity of the natural environment are needed.

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Kraus, Eric B., and Joost A. Businger. "The Planetary Boundary Layer." In Atmosphere-Ocean Interaction. Oxford University Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195066180.003.0010.

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The term planetary boundary layer (PBL) is often used as a synonym for the Ekman layer (i.e., for the region in which the convergence of the vertical flux of momentum is of the same order as the Coriolis force and the pressure gradient). The definition favored in this chapter is somewhat broader and includes the regions on both sides of the interface in which the vertical fluxes, not only of momentum but also of heat, moisture, and salinity, determine the vertical distribution of these properties. Such a definition may suggest as many different boundary layers as there are transported properties. This may be the case, but the various fluxes are coupled with each other to such an extent that it is usually possible to define a single layer in which interface effects remain significant. In Section 6.1 we shall deal first with the classic Ekman treatment of the steady-state motion field above and below the boundary of two incompressible, rotating laminar fluids. This will be followed by a discussion of transients and of integral horizontal transports. Section 6.2 deals with coherent structures—longitudinal rolls, thermal plumes, convection cells, and so on—that are common phenomena, particularly in the gravitationally unstable PBL. This is followed in Section 6.3 by a discussion of various parameterization schemes and models that have been used either to represent vertical fluxes or vertical profiles of conservative properties. Mixed-layer models, which are the topic of Section 6.4, are distinguished from these parameterization schemes by use of vertical integrals of the conservative properties. The resulting gain in simplicity is offset to some extent by a loss of detail. In Section 6.5 we shall discuss the merits and drawbacks of the different approaches in the two preceding sections. During his arctic expeditions on the ship Fram, late in the nineteenth century, Nansen noticed that the pack ice drifted at an angle of about 20-40° to the right of the surface wind. He interpreted this correctly as being due to the deflecting force of the earth’s rotation, and inferred further that the water below, which is dragged along by the ice, must be driven even further to the right.

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Conference papers on the topic "Vertical surface deflection"

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Yu, Hailing. "Estimating Deterioration in the Concrete Tie-Ballast Interface Based on Vertical Tie Deflection Profile: A Numerical Study." In 2016 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2016-5783.

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In ballasted concrete tie track, the tie-ballast interface can deteriorate resulting in concrete tie bottom abrasion, ballast pulverization and/or voids in tie-ballast interfaces. Tie-ballast voids toward tie ends can lead to unfavorable center binding support conditions that can result in premature concrete tie failure and possible train derailment. Direct detection of these conditions is difficult. There is a strong interest in assessing the concrete tie-ballast interface conditions indirectly using measured vertical deflections. This paper seeks to establish a link between the vertical defl

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Huang, Yuan Mao, and Shih-Han Chen. "The Transient Thermal Stress and Deflection of a Brake." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-63292.

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This study utilizes the finite element method with a two-dimensional model of a disk brake and investigates its distributions of the transient temperature, thermal gradient, heat flux, thermal stress and deflection due to friction. A specified initial uniform temperature of the disk is used to simulate heat transfer of the disk. Since the temperature of the disk brake inboard is higher than that of the disk brake outboard, the deflection of the disk brake inboard is larger than those at other locations. The maximum deflection of 0.4 mm occurs at the outer diameter of the disk inboard. The disk

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Borboni, Alberto, Diego De Santis, and Rodolfo Faglia. "Large Deflection of a Non-Linear, Elastic, Asymmetric Ludwick Cantilever Beam." In ASME 2010 10th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2010-24257.

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The investigated cantilever beam is characterized by a constant rectangular cross-section and is subjected to a concentrated vertical constant load at the free end. The same beam is made by an elastic non-linear asymmetric Ludwick type material with different behavior in tension and compression. Namely the constitutive law of the proposed material is characterized by two different elastic moduli and two different strain exponential coefficients. The aim of this study is to describe the deformation of the beam neutral surface and particularly the horizontal and vertical displacements of the fre

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Habibi Parsa, Shadi, Omidreza Ghaffari, Stephen Solovitz, and Mehmet Arik. "Flow and Heat Transfer Study of an Impinging Piezoelectric Fan Over a Vertical Surface." In ASME 2016 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2016 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2016-7097.

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Piezoelectric fans are low-form-factor cooling devices, which have gained recent attention for electronics cooling. These devices feature a vibrating blade, which sheds vortices from its tip during its motion. The performance of a piezoelectric fan is based on its location, orientation, and operating condition. Thus, we investigated the heat transfer and flow field of an impinging flow produced by a piezoelectric fan. The heat transfer tests are conducted using a vertical, 2.54 cm × 2.54 cm copper heater, which is configured with the piezoelectric fan positioned along its centerline. The fan i

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Iijima, Kazuhiro, and Chong Ma. "Second Order Wave Propagating Along VLFS." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-95132.

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Abstract This paper addresses the nonlinear deflection wave which propagates along a Very Large Floating Structure (VLFS). The whole VLFS is modeled as a one-dimensional beam afloat on the water surface in a vertical two-dimensional plane. It is assumed that the deflection of the wave propagating along the VLFS has a finite amplitude. The nonlinear wave propagating along the VLFS is investigated by extending the propagation theory of the linear wave along the VLFS. The kinetic and kinematic conditions at the boundary surface between the water and VLFS are considered rigorously up to the 2nd or

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Veeramurthy, Mallikarjun, Jaehyung Ju, Lonny L. Thompson, and Joshua D. Summers. "Optimization of a Non-Pneumatic Tire for Reduced Rolling Resistance." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-48730.

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Recently, the development of non-pneumatic tires (NPT) such as the Michelin Tweel is receiving increased attention due to potential advantages over pneumatic tires, including characteristics of rolling resistance (RR). This study focuses on the design of a NPT based on properties of vertical stiffness and rolling energy loss. Using a finite element (FE) model, a parametric study is conducted to study the effect on vertical stiffness and RR response considering two design variables; (a) thickness of the spokes, and, (b) the shear band thickness of the NPT. Using the two geometric variables, a d

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Sim, Kyuho, and Jisu Park. "Performance Measurements of Gas Bearings With High Damping Structures of Polymer and Bump Foil via Electric Motor Driving Tests and 1-DOF Shaker Dynamic Loading Tests." In ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2016-57345.

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This paper presents comprehensive test measurements for gas journal bearings with damping structures of a bump foil layer and/or a polymer layer. A one-pad top foil forms the bearing surface, under which the bearing structure and a bearing housing are located. Test bearings include gas foil bearings (GFBs), gas polymer bearings (GPBs), and gas foil-polymer bearings (GFPBs). In addition, three metal shims were employed to create wedge effects in the GFPBs. Firstly, static load-deflection tests of test bearings estimate the radial assembly clearance, which is measured to be ∼200 μm. Secondly, sh

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Nurmikolu, Antti, Olli Kerokoski, Tommi Rantala, and Tuomo Viitala. "Cyclic Loading Tests of Concrete Sleepers With Varying Ballast Condition." In 2010 Joint Rail Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2010-36147.

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The experiences on the use of concrete sleepers in Finnish railways are mainly very good when the supporting layer, ballast, consists of coarse-grained crushed rock aggregate. Nowadays in Finland there are still wooden sleepers on many lines carrying little traffic. On these lines the ballast often consists of gravel providing essentially weaker support for the sleepers. One question in future renovations is whether concrete sleepers remain undamaged with gravel ballast. To test the bending behaviour of four different sleeper models resting on three different ballast beds, a cyclic loading tes

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von Bock und Polach, R. U. Franz, Gesa Ziemer, Marco Klein, Moritz C. N. Hartmann, Alessandro Toffoli, and Jason Monty. "Case Based Scaling: Recent Developments in Ice Model Testing Technology." In ASME 2020 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2020-18320.

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Abstract Model ice testing is the state of the art validation and testing method for ships and structures interacting with ice. Its initial design objective was the prediction of resistance forces of ice breaking ships by using Froude and Cauchy similitude to account to the most significant force ratios. In the ice breaking process the forces due to downward bending are considered most significant and therewith much emphasis was spent on the correct scaling of the bending strength or flexural strength of the model ice. Recent research on the mechanical behavior of model ice shows a significant

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Teo, Fwu Chyi, Leong Hien Poh, and Sze Dai Pang. "Breaking Load of Thick Ice on Sloping Structures." In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-54397.

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Sloping-sided structures have been used in ice-infested waters to reduce ice loads by inducing flexural failure in the incoming level ice, which can be a fraction of the crushing load of the same level ice on vertical walls [1]. Croasdale’s model [2] has been widely used to predict this type of ice loading, which compares well with available field data, such as that measured at the Confederation Bridge [3]. In Croasdale’s formulation, the problem is idealized as a semi-infinite beam on an elastic foundation and neglects the effects of second-order bending and the edge moment arising from eccen

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