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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Vesicle'

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1

Seymour, Andrew Burgess. "Dynamin| Regulation of Vesicle Cycling and Resting Stability of Vesicles at Presynaptic Terminals." Thesis, University of Illinois at Chicago, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3573412.

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<p> Compensatory synaptic vesicle endocytosis during kiss-and-run vesicle fusion is not fully understood. Specifically, it is unclear whether proteins involved in classical clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) are also required for vesicle retrieval following kiss-and-run vesicle fusion. Part of the impetus for the work presented in this thesis was to determine whether one such protein, dynamin, is responsible for vesicle retrieval during kiss-and-run fusion. Dynamin is a key protein in membrane fission during CME, providing an energy utilizing GTPase reaction to sever the vesicle from the plas
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2

Richter, Maximilian [Verfasser]. "Towards the clinical translation of extracellular vesicles – surface engineering and optimized vesicle-storage / Maximilian Richter." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1240674082/34.

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3

Merrifield, Christien J. "Annexin II and vesicle transport." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313821.

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4

Gutlederer, Erwin Johann. "On the morphology of vesicles. - [überarb. Diss.]." Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2007/1506/.

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This dissertation contains theoretical investigations on the morphology and statistical mechanics of vesicles. The shapes of homogeneous fluid vesicles and inhomogeneous vesicles with fluid and solid membrane domains are calculated. The influence of thermal fluctuations is investigated. The obtained results are valid on mesoscopic length scales and are based on a geometrical membrane model, where the vesicle membrane is described as either a static or a thermal fluctuating surface. The thesis consists of three parts. In the first part, homogeneous vesicles are considered. The focus in this pa
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5

Gustafsson, Jenny S. "Cytoskeletal mechanisms in synaptic vesicle recycling /." Stockholm, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-395-3/.

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6

Hu, K. "Molecular mechanisms of synaptic vesicle exocytosis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.604693.

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Release of neurotransmitter occurs when synaptic vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane. This neuronal exocytosis is triggered by calcium and requires three SNARE (soluble-<i>N­</i>ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) proteins. Neuronal SNARE proteins form a parallel four-helix bundle that is thought to drive the fusion of opposing membranes. As formation of this SNARE complex in solution does not require calcium, it is not clear what function calcium has in triggering SNARE-mediated membrane fusion. The present study demonstrates that whereas syntaxin and SNAP-25 in ta
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7

McLennan, Ross Kenneth James. "Vesicle trafficking in a Drosophila epithelium." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.398536.

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8

Wigge, Patrick. "Molecular mechanisms of synaptic vesicle recycling." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.625080.

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9

Morris, Richard Gilbert. "Thermodynamics and stability of vesicle growth." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/thermodynamics-and-stability-of-vesicle-growth(6d05319d-0c24-4ee7-95a2-1a92f1996423).html.

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The stability of growing uni-lamellar vesicles is investigated using the formalism of nonequilibrium thermodynamics. The vesicles, which are assumed to be in an otherwise aqueous solution, are growing due to the accretion of lipids to the bilayer which forms the vesicle membrane. The thermodynamic description is based on the hydrodynamics of a water-lipid mixture together with a model of the vesicle as a discontinuous system in the sense of linear nonequilibrium thermodynamics. The approach assumes that the energy of the bilayer membrane is given by the spontaneous curvature model attributed t
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10

Zenatelli, Rossella. "Extracellular vesicle engineering across length scales." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Brescia, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/11379/570188.

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I materiali nano ingegnerizzati sono materiali sintetici con proprietà e comportamenti unici che emergono su scale di lunghezza da 1 a 100 nm. Attualmente la ricerca su questo tipo di materiali è focalizzata sulla loro transizione biotecnologica e medica. Questi materiali interagiscono con i sistemi biologici a livello molecolare, cellulare, di organismo e di ecosistema. In quanto nano particelle organiche naturali, le vescicole extracellulari sono i principali nano-esponenti all'interno del secretoma. Si sono evoluti per la comunicazione cellula-cellula e trasportano varie biomolecole (ad ese
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11

Wucherpfennig, Tanja. "Role of Rab5 in synaptic vesicle recycling." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969907508.

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12

Falconer, Helen Louise. "Ca²⁺-dependent interactions in synaptic vesicle endocytosis." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29095.

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Endocytosis proteins contain a number of different specialised domains which control protein-protein interactions at specific steps. A variety of these domains were used in a proteomic screen using GST-pull down assays from nerve terminal lysates to investigate whether Ca<sup>2+</sup> controlled any specific interactions. Many interactions appeared to occur only in the presence of Ca<sup>2+</sup>, however this was attributed to non-specific binding due to the presence of ZnSO<sub>4</sub>­. Two new interactions were identified that bind SH3 domains only in the absence of Ca<sup>2+</sup>, the ad
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13

Clayton, Emma Louise. "Mechanism of synaptic vesicle retrieval in epilepsy." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4142.

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Excessive release of neurotransmitter is a characteristic of epileptogenic cells. A number of lines of evidence implicate defects in the synaptic vesicle cycle as a cause of this excessive release. Synaptic vesicles are retrieved by more than one route in central nerve terminals. During mild stimulation the dominant synaptic vesicle retrieval pathway is classical clathrin mediated endocytosis. During elevated neuronal activity retrieval of synaptic vesicle membrane by bulk endocytosis is the predominant retrieval method. As it is triggered by strong stimulation, bulk endocytosis may be of impo
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14

Connell, E. J. "Protein-lipid interactions in synaptic vesicle exocytosis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.597894.

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The fusion of neurotransmitter-filled synaptic vesicles with the pre-synaptic membrane in response to calcium influx is exquisitely regulated. Synaptic vesicle exocytosis is energetically demanding and the neuronal SNARE proteins syntaxin, SNAP25 and synaptobrevin have come to prominence as the driving engines behind this process. Resident on both vesicular and pre-synaptic membranes they form a stable four-helical bundle, the assembly of which contributes to membrane fusion. However, SNAREs do not act in isolation during synaptic vesicle exocytosis but are instead regulated by a complex web o
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15

Gardner, Paul M. "Building the Formose Reaction in a Vesicle." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504349.

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16

Marks, Bruno. "Mechanisms and regulation of synaptic vesicle endocytosis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621839.

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17

Schwamborn, Miriam. "Establishment of a fluorescence assay for characterization of protein-mediated vesicle fusion and acidification." Doctoral thesis, Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0023-3E83-7.

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18

Mandela, Prashant, Michelle Chandley, Yao Y. Xu, Meng Yang Zhu, and Gregory A. Ordway. "Reserpine-Induced Reduction in Norepinephrine Transporter Function Requires Catecholamine Storage Vesicles." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8605.

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Treatment of rats with reserpine, an inhibitor of the vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT), depletes norepinephrine (NE) and regulates NE transporter (NET) expression. The present study examined the molecular mechanisms involved in regulation of the NET by reserpine using cultured cells. Exposure of rat PC12 cells to reserpine for a period as short as 5min decreased [ H]NE uptake capacity, an effect characterized by a robust decrease in the V of the transport of [ H]NE. As expected, reserpine did not displace the binding of [ H]nisoxetine from the NET in membrane homogenates. The potency of
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19

Thay, Bernard. "Vesicle-mediated and free soluble delivery of bacterial effector proteins by oral and systemic pathogens." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för odontologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-82782.

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Periodontitis, the primary cause of tooth-loss worldwide, is a bacterially induced chronic inflammatory disease of the periodontium. It is associated with systemic conditions such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, pathogenic mechanisms of periodontitis-associated bacteria that may contribute to the CVD association are unclear. The aim of this doctoral thesis project was to characterize bacterial mechanisms that can originate from the periodontal pocket and expose the host to multiple effector proteins, thereby potentially contributing to periodontal tissue degradation and systemic stim
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20

Gad, Helge. "Synaptic vesicle endocytosis studied in a living synapse /." Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-4287-0/.

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21

Pereira, Vinit. "Novel proteins associated with GLUT4 vesicle subcellular traffic." Thesis, University of Bath, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.642051.

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22

Parker, Lauren L. "Structural and functional studies of vesicle trafficking components." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613175.

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23

De, Cogan Felicity Jane. "Targeted delivery in vitro from magnetic vesicle gels." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/targeted-delivery-in-vitro-from-magneticvesicle-gels(952ff942-ae4f-48e0-8bcc-1b744755a10a).html.

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Membrane sacs, known as vesicles and liposomes have been widely used as stores for bioactive materials both in vitro and in vivo. The vesicles are biocompatible and in vitro experiments often use them in conjunction with magnetic nanoparticles. The magnetic nanoparticles allow the liposomes to be magnetically located and act as a trigger for release of the encapsulated materials. However, these magnetic vesicles or 'magnetoliposomes' as they are also known have not mananged to cross the barrier into clinical use. The work in this thesis aims to develop a novel system of magnetoliposomes for us
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24

QUADRI, ROBERTO. "HASPIN ROLE IN VESICLE DELIVERY AND POLARITY DISPERSION." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/457676.

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The atypical protein kinase haspin is conserved in all eukaryotes and promotes the correct alignment of chromosomes on the metaphase plate by recruitment of the CPC. Here, using budding yeast as a model organism, we identified new functions for haspin paralogues (Alk1 and Alk2) in regulating actin and nuclear dynamics. Indeed, we show that haspin mutants experiencing mitotic delays accumulate actin and elongate their spindles entirely in daughter cells, with the consequence of generating anucleated mothers and binucleated daughters that are not vital. These defects are due to a hyperaccumulati
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25

Kalthoff, Christoph. "Untersuchungen zur Rolle von ENTH-Domänenproteinen bei der Bildung clathrinbedeckter Vesikel." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=968692494.

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26

Scheele, Urte. "Molekularer Mechanismus für die Funktion von Auxilin bei der Dissoziation der Hülle von clathrinbedeckten Vesikeln." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=968867790.

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27

Susevski, Vanessa. "Development of DNA Aptamers Targeting Breast Cancer Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Biomarker Discovery." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41035.

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Detection of cancer at the early stages greatly increases the chance for successful treatment and favourable prognosis for patients. However, a liquid-based biopsy has yet to be developed for most cancers. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are an attractive candidate for early cancer detection since their surface proteome mirrors the cell of origin. Thus, there is a need for the development of reliable probes that can detect cancer derived EVs. In this thesis, the VBS-1 aptamer was developed to selectively bind to triple-negative breast cancer cell line derived EVs. Initially, several EV isolation
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28

Nicholson-Fish, Jessica. "Activity-dependent bulk endocytosis : control by molecules and signalling cascades." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28770.

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Synaptic vesicle (SV) recycling in the presynapse is essential for the maintenance of neurotransmission. During mild stimulation clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) dominates, however during intense stimulation activity-dependent bulk endocytosis (ADBE) is the dominant form of membrane retrieval. The aim of this thesis was to determine how the signalling molecule GSK3 controlled ADBE, with the hypothesis that this enzyme was required at multiple stages of this endocytosis mode. I also hoped to identify a specific cargo for ADBE. I found that during intense action potential stimulation, a local
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29

Loftus, Andrew. "Measurement of Membrane Rigidity and Its Modulation by the Vesicle Trafficking Protein Sar1." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/18311.

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Sculpting membranes into dynamic, curved shapes is central to intracellular cargo trafficking and other cellular functions. However, generation of membrane curvature during trafficking involves lipids and membrane-associated proteins; current mechanisms focus on creating rigid cages, curved scaffolds, or membrane surface area changes by proteins. This dissertation provides an alternative mechanistic example for the control of membrane deformations, involving modulation of membrane material properties. Sar1, a GTPase of the COPII family, regulates vesicle trafficking from the endoplasmic reticu
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30

Kaisto, T. (Tuula). "Special features of vesicle trafficking in skeletal muscle cells." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2003. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514271521.

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Abstract Skeletal muscles are composed of long, multinucleated cells called myofibers, which are highly differentiated cells and therefore unique in structure. In the present study the organization of the endocytic and exocytic pathways in isolated rat skeletal myofibers was defined with confocal and electron microscopic methods. In isolated myofibers the I band areas were shown to be active in endocytosis. The sorting endosomes were distributed in a cross-striated fashion while the recycling and late endosomal compartments were located to perinuclear areas and interfibrillar spaces, where th
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31

Taylor, T. M. C. "Modified phospholipids : Oxidation promoted by vesicle-bound metal ions." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382664.

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32

Caldwell, Lesley Anna. "Intracellular pH and vesicle fusion in Drosophila larvae neurones." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610629.

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33

Quintero, Yanes Alex Armando. "Novel pleiotropic regulators of gas vesicle biogenesis in Serratia." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/288405.

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Serratia sp. ATCC 39006 (S39006) is known for producing carbapenem and prodiginine antibiotics; 1-carbapen-2-em-3-carboxylic acid (car) and prodigiosin. It displays different motility mechanisms, such as swimming and swarming aided by flagellar rotation and biosurfactant production. In addition, S39006 produces gas vesicles to float in aqueous environments and enable colonization of air-liquid interfaces. Gas vesicles are thought to be constructed solely from proteins expressed from a gene cluster composed of two contiguous operons, gvpA1-gvpY and gvrA-gvrC. Prior to this study, three cognate
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34

Boney, Kimberley. "The role of Munc-18c in GLUT4 vesicle fusion." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2013. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4300/.

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Under normal physiological conditions, insulin is released from the pancreas in response to an increase in blood-sugar concentration. The insulin signalling pathway culminates with the presentation of the glucose transporter GLUT4 on the plasma membrane of muscle and adipose tissue, leading to the uptake of glucose into these tissues and the subsequent lowering of blood-glucose concentration to basal levels. This system is faulty in patients with Type 2 diabetes. SNARE proteins have been identified as important regulators of membrane fusion in vivo. Formation of SNARE complexes has been shown
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35

Ashrafzadeh, Parham. "Exploring Cellular Dynamics : From Vesicle Tethering to Cell Migration." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för medicinsk cellbiologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-306174.

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Cells in the body communicate with each other in order to cooperate efficiently. This communication is in part achieved by regulated secretion of signaling molecules, which when released from a cell may activate receptors present at the plasma membrane of an adjacent cell. Such signals affect both cell fate and behavior. Dysregulated signaling may lead to disease, including cancer. This thesis is focused on how exocytosis and subsequent activation and trafficking of receptors can be regulated, and what the consequences of this regulation may be for cell migration. Actin filaments are important
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36

O'Loughlin, Aisling. "Towards extracellular vesicle based gene therapy for Huntington's disease." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d44d4535-aeb2-4bc0-bc27-15ce9ef4e37e.

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Huntington's disease (HD) can be regarded as a model neurodegenerative disorder to screen potential genetic based therapeutics and their carriers. It is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by a mutation in a single gene that leads to progressive neurodegeneration caused in part by protein misfolding. The mutation codes for an expanded polyglutamine tract within the Huntingtin gene (HTT) which leads to neuronal loss through a pathological cascade of events. Current treatment strategies include symptom management but no disease-modifying therapies exist. Research has shown that nucleic acid ba
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37

Girach, Fatima. "RIM1α SUMOylation is required for fast synaptic vesicle exocytosis". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.685142.

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Activity-dependent neurotransmitter release is mediated by the Ca2+ -dependent fusion of synaptic vesicles at the active zone of the presynaptic plasma membrane and is vital for brain function. The process of vesicle priming, fusion and retrieval is precisely controlled and requires tight spatiotemporal coordination of multiple protein-protein interactions. This study shows that post-translational modification of the active zone protein Rab3 Interacting Molecule Ia (RIMIa) by Small Ubiquitinlike MOdifier I (SUMO-I) directs such interactions and is essential for fast synaptic vesicle exocytosis
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38

Ben, Fredj Naila. "Spontaneous and evoked vesicle cycling at a presynaptic terminal." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2012. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/spontaneous-and-evoked-vesicle-cycling-at-a-presynaptic-terminal(73d947b1-31e0-4d5e-bd48-1be223d78334).html.

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The presynaptic vesicle cycle is crucial for chemical neurotransmission. In response to an action potential, neurotransmitter-filled vesicles are exocytosed from the pre-synaptic terminal and activate specific receptors at the post-synaptic membrane. To sustain neuronal activity, vesicles are then retrieved by endocytosis and refilled with neurotransmitters for further rounds of release. Neurotransmitter release can also occur spontaneously in the absence of action potentials. The current assumption is that both types of release use the same set of vesicles. To check this hypothesis, I develop
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39

Gaisford, Esme Ann. "Rab-Vesicle Trafficking is Required for Ras-Mediated Proliferation." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2015. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/314879.

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Biomedical Sciences<br>M.S.<br>The Ras superfamily consists of over 150 members including the well-known: H-Ras, K-Ras and N-Ras. We propose to target Ras related proliferation in cancer cells by inhibiting Rab vesicle formation. H-Ras, K-Ras and N-Ras are carcinogenic; activating mutations in Ras signaling are generally associated with increased proliferation and survival in cancer cells. Ras is mutated in up to 30% of all human cancers and represents an early survival mutation in cancer cells. Vesicle-bound Ras is trafficked to the plasma membrane, which facilitates interaction between Raf,
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40

Obholzer, Nikolaus. "Molecular components of the hair cell synaptic vesicle cycle." [S.l. : s.n.], 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:16-opus-79550.

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41

Simon, Glenn C. "Endosomes and mitosis : FIP3-associated vesicle delivery during cytokinesis /." Connect to abstract via ProQuest. Full text is not available online, 2008.

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42

Gandhi, Sunil P. "Three modes of single-vesicle recycling in hippocampal synapses /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3091205.

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43

Sánchez, Purrà Maria. "Development of novel vesicle-like nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/288318.

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Les dificultats existents en l’administració de certs fàrmacs, que es tradueix en una considerable reducció de la seva eficàcia terapèutica, ha portat a l’exploració d’un nou camp en la recerca de fàrmacs, l’ús de polímers per a transportar fàrmacs. Aquests polímers es presenten com a vehicles transportadors que aporten protecció al fàrmac, evitant la seva degradació, i permeten la seva distribució dirigida fins la diana terapèutica, disminuint així els efectes secundaris. Una combinació adequada del polímer transportador amb el fàrmac, permet l’alliberament d’aquest en el teixit on ha de dese
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44

Hutt, Darren. "PRA1 and synaptotagmin VIII: Regulators of vesicle trafficking and fusion." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29221.

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The work described within my doctoral thesis examines the localization and functional role of the prenylated Rab acceptor 1 (PRA1) in the Rab GTPase cycle and the expression, localization and functional role of synaptotagmin VIII in the mouse sperm acrosome reaction. My work began with the examination of both PRA1 and synaptotagmin VIII. The PRA1 project was taken over by other graduate students while my interests remained focused on elucidating the role of synaptotagmin VIII in sperm. Rab is a family of small Ras-like GTPases regulating intracellular vesicle transport. Prenylated Rab Acceptor
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45

Smillie, Karen Janet. "The regulation of dynamin I interactions in synaptic vesicle endocytosis." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29368.

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Dynamin 1 is a 96kDa GTPase and is one of eight proteins known to undergo coordinated dephosphorylation upon nerve terminal stimulation and subsequent rephosphorylation. They are collectively referred to as the dephosphins and are all dephosphorylated by calcineurin and at least three are rephosphorylated by cyclin-dependent kinase 5. Phosphomemetic peptides were used to investigate the specific role of dynamin 1 phosphorylation in synaptic vesicle endocytosis. The peptide mimicking dephosphorylated dynamin 1 was nearly four times more effective at inhibiting synaptic vesicle endocytosis than
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46

Gimber, Niclas [Verfasser]. "Imaging post-exocytic dynamics of synaptic vesicle proteins / Niclas Gimber." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1112133097/34.

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47

陳德華 and Tak-wah Chan. "Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in development and cytodifferentiation of seminal vesicle." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31211239.

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48

Feliu-Mojer, Monica Ivelisse. "Coupling the small GTPase Rab3 to the Synaptic Vesicle Cycle." Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10751.

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49

Ma, Jun. "Quantitative Simulation of Synaptic Vesicle Release at the Neuromuscular Junction." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2014. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/461.

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Nerve signals in the form of action potentials are relayed between neurons through specialized connections called synapses via neurotransmitter released from synaptic vesicles. The release process is Ca2+ dependent, and relies on fusion of neurotransmitter filled synaptic vesicle with the presynaptic membrane. During high frequency stimulation, the amount of vesicle release increases at some synapses (e.g., frog neuromuscular junction (NMJ)), a process known as short-term plasticity. Due to the micron scale size of the presynaptic active zone where vesicle fusion takes place, experimentally st
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Fawell, S. E. "Androgenic regulation of secretory protein synthesis in rat seminal vesicle." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355701.

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