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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Veterinary public health'
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1
Aschenbach, Jörg R. "Tagungsband: [Wiederkäuer, Schwein, Nutzgeflügel, Bienen, Veterinary Public Health, Tierärztliches Berufsrecht]." Universität Leipzig, 2012. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A33184.
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Akers, Jennifer. "Addressing curriculum deficiencies in veterinary public health : a comparison of other health professions' experiences." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/2314.
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Gilfoyle, Daniel. "Veterinary science and public policy at the Cape Colony, 1877-1910." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248919.
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Bookenberger, Lane G. "Presence, Distribution, and Risk Factors Associated with Staphylococcus aureus among Veterinary Health Care Workers at The Ohio State University Veterinary Medical Center." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492162223495209.
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Ortega, Carmelo, Guillermo Parilla, Balogh Katinka De, Mauro De Rosa, Olga Gimeno, Leopoldo Estol, Dora Dobosh, et al. "New Approaches for Education and Training in Veterinary Public Health: The SAPUVET Projects." Bachelor's thesis, J Vet Med Educ, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/13982.
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Continued contact between humans and animals, in combination with the ever-increasing movement of human and animal
populations that is one effect of globalization, contributes to the spread of diseases, often with detrimental effects on public
health. This has led professionals involved in both animal health and public health to recognize veterinary public health (VPH)
as a key area for their activities to address the human–animal interface. Veterinarians, a profession with major involvement in
this field, are in need of specific knowledge and skills to prevent and control public-health problems. As a result, VPH must be
directly integrated into veterinary educational programs. At present, only few veterinary schools have specific VPH programs;
in most institutions, VPH does not feature as a specific subject in either undergraduate or post-graduate curricula. SAPUVET
and SAPUVETNET II are network projects supported by the ALFA program of the European Union (EU). Their main objectives
are to reach a common understanding between European and Latin American universities in the definition of the areas in
which VPH is important in their respective countries, and to design a harmonized training program for veterinarians in VPH, by
making use of new technological applications and innovative teaching methodologies. The elaboration of educational
material in combination with case studies presenting real-life problems provides a basis to apply the knowledge acquired on
VPH. It is envisaged that the material and modules developed during the two projects will be integrated into the veterinary
curricula of the participating universities, as well as in other partner organizations.
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Alter, Thomas. "Tagungsband: [Auftakt: Moderne Nutztierhaltung, Wiederkäuer, Schwein, Nutzgeflügel, Bienen, Fische, Veterinary Public Health, Ethik]." Lehmanns Media, 2014. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A33187.
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Scali, F. "A SCORING MODEL FOR RISK CHARACTERISATION AND SETTING PRIORITIES IN VETERINARY PUBLIC HEALTH." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/246617.
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A model for prioritization and risk characterization was developed for diseases of interest in veterinary public health. This model was called scorecard and focused on zoonosis and food safety at regional level. The scorecard was part of a shared initiative between Lombardy regional government and the Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health (University of Milan) aimed to improve veterinary regional services. A previous model (DISCONTOOLS) was used as starting point to develop the new one. Formalized Consensus Process approach involving academics and veterinary officers was used to develop the scorecard model. Furthermore, a guide and a form were settled in order lead the scoring process. Formalized Consensus Process is a five-step procedure which includes a systematic review of literature, an assessment of issues, initial proposals, a discussion and improvement of proposals and, finally, a validation of operational recommendations. The final scorecard model has a maximum theoretical score of 1,000; it includes several areas of interest, with different categories and coefficient of importance. The following areas were identified: relevance of the disease, socio-economic impact, impact on public health, impact on trade, impact on animal welfare, control tools. Scorecards were filled following available data, literature and expert opinions. From an initial list of 38 disease, 23 were scored. Among bovine diseases, mastitis (S. aureus) showed the highest score; among small ruminants Query fever was the highest, among swine diseases the highest was salmonellosis, while among other animal diseases toxoplasmosis had the highest score. This approach is conceived to aid professionals in risk prioritization, decision-making and to improve disease control systems at a regional level. It also allows to perform risk characterization in different backgrounds and to identify lacks of data in specific areas of interest for the diseases considered.
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Aschenbach, Jörg R. "Tagungsband: [Wiederkäuer, Schweine, Nutzgeflügel, Fische, DVG-Symposium, Bienen, Veterinary Public Health, Recht und Beruf]." Lehmanns Media, 2016. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A33416.
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Heinrich, Ellen R. E. "Risk of zoonotic pathogen exposure among veterinary professionals and students at veterinary schools and best practices to minimize this risk on individual and institutional levels." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/27649.
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Master of Public HealthPublic Health Interdepartmental Program
Kate KuKanich
The College of Veterinary Medicine (CVM) environment is a place where veterinarians, veterinary staff, and veterinary students may have increased risk of exposure to zoonotic pathogens. This exposure may occur in classrooms or laboratories where pre-clinical veterinary students and non-clinical staff frequent. Exposure may also occur in the veterinary teaching hospital (VTH) and may impact veterinary patients, clinicians, interns, residents, veterinary technicians, veterinary students, animal caretakers, and others. This thesis is divided into 3 chapters. The first chapter describes a current review of the literature involving risk of zoonotic pathogen exposure at VTHs including descriptions of the most commonly documented zoonotic pathogens and their transmission, environmental sources of zoonotic pathogens at VTHs, and ways to prevent zoonotic pathogen exposure at individual and institutional levels. The second chapter describes an original research study of hand hygiene behavior among pre-clinical veterinary students at a CVM. The purpose of this study was to determine if a campaign could improve hand hygiene among veterinary students at extracurricular meetings serving meals. Campaign interventions included a 3.5 minute educational video and a novel motivational poster. The video was presented to all 1st, 2nd, and 3rd year veterinary students. Posters encouraging hand sanitization were displayed on doors and tables alongside sanitizers at each meeting. Observational hand hygiene data were collected immediately after introduction of interventions and again 3 months later. Environmental sampling for presence of bacteria in and around meeting locations was also performed. Observed hand hygiene was lowest during baseline (11.0% +/- 1.7), improved significantly post-intervention (48.8% +/- 3.2), and remained improved at 3-month follow-up (33.5% +/-4.0). Females had higher probability of hand- sanitizing (35.9% ± 2.2) than males (21.4% ± 2.4) (p<0.01). Clostridium perfringens was isolated from 2/42 samples, and Salmonella spp. were isolated from 4/42 samples. This study documented that a short-term public health campaign targeting veterinary students successfully improved hand hygiene before meals. The final chapter discusses future areas of research in the realm of risk of zoonotic pathogen exposure and risk mitigation at CVMs.
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Shaffer, Loren Eldon. "Using pre-diagnostic data fom veterinary laboratories to detect disease outbreaks in companion animals." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1176376010.
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Häsler, Barbara Nicole. "Economic assessment of veterinary surveillance programmes that are part of the national control plan of Switzerland." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.559028.
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Ortega, Meyer Bruno de Jesus. "A proposed framework for harmonization of the veterinary medicine curriculum in Latin America." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2606.
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Cipolla, M. "ONE COMMUNICATION AND ONE HEALTH: COMMUNICATION IN VETERINARY MEDICINE TO IMPROVE HUMAN HEALTH." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/232569.
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Health communication has become recently an essential and powerful tool for public health. Its role has been largely recognized in human medicine, but it has been less considered in veterinary medicine even if this latter field is not less decisive for the human health. The One Health concept unified the two medicines recognizing that human health is inextricably connected to animal health and environment.
Within this framework, we design this study to investigate the relationship between health communication and One Health. Particularly, we focused on the role of communication in veterinary medicine and how it has the potential to improve human health.
Veterinary medicine competences include a broad spectrum of aspects, which can’t be covered in a single study. Moreover, we were interested in investigate if communication has a role also in the veterinary areas traditionally considered less linked to public health. Therefore, this study was focused on clinical communication, both in companion and in food-producing animals practice.
This study confirmed the outcomes from previous surveys and showed the importance of communication in veterinary medicine in improving human health.
Communication in veterinary medicine is not less important for human health, and is not different from what is usually considered health communication. Indeed, both of them cover the same issue (zoonoses, food safety etc.) and use the same strategies.
Therefore, a “One Communication” approach appear to be the most helpful tool in improving human health in the One World-One Health-One Medicine.
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Fry, Pamela Rae. "Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Clostridium difficile of swine and human origin." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1306880656.
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Hanna, Elizabeth Gayle. "Environmental health and primary health care : towards a new workforce model /." Access full text, 2005. http://www.lib.latrobe.edu.au/thesis/public/adt-LTU20061110.152550/index.html.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- La Trobe University, 2005.Research. "A Thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy [to the] School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria". Includes bibliographical references (leaves 255-293). Also available via the World Wide Web.
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Magwedere, Kudakwashe. "Veterinary public health aspects related with food-producing wildlife species in the domestic animal, human and environment interface." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80034.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The wildlife industry in Namibia continues to grow as the production and consumption of game meat increases. However, the health risks posed by the trade in wildlife and related by-products to livestock and humans have not been fully assessed. The main objective of this study was to investigate the potential health risks related to the increased consumption of game meat and relevant by-products by assessing the quality of game meat, as well as determine the role of game meat species in the transmission of zoonoses. The microbiological quality and safety of export game meat was assessed. No differences in the aerobic plate count (APC) were observed between the years (2009 and 2010), but the mean Enterobacteriaceae count was 1.33±0.69log10 cfu/cm2 compared to 2.93±1.50log10 cfu/cm2 between the years. Insignificant heterotrophic plate count (HPC) levels were detected in 9/23 field water samples, while faecal bacteria (coliforms, Clostridium perfringens and enterococci) were not isolated in all samples. Seven serogroups, with the exception of O26, were detected in exotic species. A white tailed deer sample had a serotype belonging to O45 which confirmed positive for stx1 gene. In springbok, 5/15 pools of faecal samples tested positive for the intimin gene. No Salmonella spp were isolated, and all E. coli isolates from the meat samples were negative for STEC virulence genes (i.e. stx1, stx2, eae and hlyA). A linear regression analysis was conducted on selected variables to identify the main predictors and their interactions affecting pH of meat 4 hours post-slaughter. In an increasing order of magnitude during winter time, the pH reached at 16-36hr post slaughter in springbok heart, liver, spleen, kidney and lungs was significantly higher than pH 6.0, while no significant differences were observed from the regulatory reference (pH 6.0) in the heart. There was a positive association between the pH of game meat 4hr post-slaughter, and liver congestion. The pH of game meat 4hr post slaughter, increased by 0.11 units per mL increase in liver congestion, and decreased by 0.04 units per minute increase in the shooting to bleeding interval, irrespective of the species. Worm eggs of strongylids, Strongyloides papillosus, Toxocara spp, Trichuris spp and coccidia were found in variable numbers in both springbok and gemsbok faeces, indicating a potential risk of transmission to other species in the ecosystem. On examination of carcasses, a novel parasite, Skjabinodera kuelzii, was identified and noted to be associated with inguinal fascia and renal fat, but the public health significance remains unclear. Nevertheless, S. kuelzii should be considered as of potential significance during routine game meat inspection. A total of 12 310 springbok were harvested from 26 commercial farms over a period of two years. Tissue samples (i.e. 60 livers, 41 kidneys and 52 hindquarter muscles) were collected from randomly selected healthy animals. The mean values (i.e. above the detection limit) of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) were 0.10±0.05mg/kg and 1.04±0.21mg/kg in the liver, respectively; and 0.33±0.22mg/kg and 0.905±0.51mg/kg in the kidney of springbok, respectively. The levels of cadmium and lead in the hindquarter muscles were below the detection limit. Serum samples (n=1692) collected from sheep, goats and cattle from four presumably at-risk farms, and 900 springbok (Antidorcas marsupialis) serum samples collected from 29 mixed farming units, were screened for Brucella antibodies by using the Rose-Bengal test (RBT). Positive cases were confirmed by complement fixation test (CFT). To assess the prevalence of human brucellosis, 137 abattoir employees were tested for Brucella antibodies using the standard tube agglutination test (STAT), and the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cattle and sheep from all four farms were negative by RBT and CFT, but two of the four farms carried 26/42 and 12/285 seropositive goats, respectively. Post mortem examination of seropositive goats revealed no gross pathological lesions. Culture for brucellae from organs of seropositive animals was negative. None of the wildlife sera tested positive by either RBT or CFT. Occurrence of confirmed brucellosis in humans was linked to the consumption of unpasteurized goat milk, home-made goat cheese and coffee with raw milk and prior contact with goats. All abattoir employees (n=137) tested negative by STAT, but 3 were positive by ELISA. The three abattoir workers were clinically normal, and lacked historical connections with clinical cases. This study illustrates the importance of microbiological, parasitic and residue monitoring as critical components of a hazard analysis and critical control point based system for game meat. The study also provides the basis for increased integrated health research, surveillance and meat safety risk analysis.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Namibiese wildbedryf raak toenemend groter soos die produksie en verbruik van wildsvleis toeneem. Die verwante gesondheidsrisiko’s wat die gebruik van wildsvleis en verwante produkte vir mens en dier inhou, is nog nie volledig geassesseer nie. Die doelwit van die studie was om ondersoek in te stel na die potensiële gesondheidsrisiko's wat wildsvleis en verwante neweprodukte vir mens en dier inhou deur middel van die assessering van vleisgehalte en die bepaling van die rol van die wildsvleis spesies in die oordrag van soönoses. Die mikrobiologiese gehalte en veiligheid van uitvoer wildsvleis was geassesseer. Geen verskille in die aerobiese plaat telling (APC) vir monsters versamel tydens 2009 en 2010 is aangeteken nie. Die gemiddelde Enterobacteriaceae telling was 1.33± 0.69log10 cfu/cm2 in vergelyking met 2.93±1.50log10 cfu/cm2 tussen die jare. Onbeduidende heterotrofe plaattelling (HPC) vlakke is waargeneem in 9/23 water monsters, terwyl fekale bakterieë (d.i. kolivorme, Clostridium perfringens en enterokokke) nie in enige van die monsters geïsoleerd is nie. Sewe serogroepe, met die uitsondering van O26, is aangeteken vir die eksotiese spesies. Monsters verky van ʼn white tailed deer is as positief vir 'n serotipe van O45 getoets, en die teenwoordigheid van die stx1 geen is bevestig. In springbok het 5/15 poele van fekale monsters positief getoets vir die intimien geen. Geen Salmonella spp is geïsoleer nie en alle E. coli geïsoleer in die vleismonsters was negatief vir die Stec virulensie geen (d.i. stx1, stx2, EAE en hlyA). ʼn Liniêre regressie-analise is op geselekteerde veranderlikes wat as die belangrikste indikators kan dien, en enige moontlike interaksie wat die pH van wildsvleis 4 uur na-slag kan beïnvloed, uitgevoer. In 'n toenemende orde van grootte gedurende die winter tyd, die pH teen 16-36hr na slagting in springbok hart, lewer, milt, niere en longe was aansienlik hoër as die pH 6.0, terwyl geen beduidende verskille waargeneem is wanneer dit met die regulasie verwysingswaarde van die hart (pH 6.0) vergelyk is nie. Daar was 'n positiewe assosiasie tussen die pH van wildsvleis 4 uur na-slag en mate van aansameling in die lewer. Die pH van wildsvleis 4 uur na-slag, het toegeneem met 0.11 eenhede per mL toename in lewer aansameling en afgeneem met 0.04 eenhede per minuut toename in die skiet tot uitbloei interval, ongeag die spesie. Wurmeiers van rondewurms, Strongyloides papillosus, Toxocara spp, Trichuris spp en koksidia het in verskillende ladings in die mis van beide springbok en gemsbok ontlasting, voorgekom. Dit dui op 'n potensiële risiko van oordrag na ander spesies in die ekosisteem. Die voorkoms van ʼn nuwe parasiet, Skjabinodera kuelzii, in wildskarkasse is aangeteken en was geassosieer met inguinale fascia en renale vet, maar die openbare gesondheidsrisiko bly onduidelik. Daar word aanbeveel dat dié parasiet as ʼn potensiële risiko faktor tydens roetine vleisinspeksies beskou moet word. ʼn Totaal van 12 310 springbokke is oor 'n tydperk van twee jaar van 26 kommersiële plase geoes. Weefselmonsters (d.i. 60 lewers, 41 niere en 52 agterkwart spiere) is ewekansig versamel van gesonde diere. Die gemiddelde waardes (d.i. hoër as die opsporingslimiet) van kadmium (Cd) en lood (Pb) was 0.10 ± 0.05mg/kg en 1.04 ± 0.21mg/kg in die lewer onderskeidelik en 0.33 ± 0.22mg/kg en 0.905 ± 0.51mg/kg in die niere van springbok, onderskeidelik. Die vlakke van kadmium en lood in die agterkwart spiere was laer as die opsporingslimiet. Serum monsters (n=1692) is van skape, bokke en beeste van vier vermoedelik hoë risiko plase en springbok (Antidorcas marsupialis, n=900) van 29 gemengde boerdery sisteme versamel en getoets vir die teenwoordigheid van Brucella teenliggaampies deur middel van die Rose-Bengal-toets (RBT). Positiewe gevalle is bevestig deur die komplement binding toets (CFT). Die voorkoms van menslike brusellose is bepaal deur 137 abattoir werknemers te toets vir Brucella teenliggaampies deur gebruik te maak van die standaard buis agglutinasie toets (STAT) en die ensiembinding immunosorberende toets (ELISA). Beeste en skape van die vier hoë risiko plase het negatief getoets met die RBT en CFT metodes, maar bokke van twee van die vier plase het seropositief getoets (26/42 en 12/285 onderskeidelik). Nadoodse ondersoek van seropositief bokke het geen patologiese letsels aangedui nie. Die kultuur van orgaanmonsters van seropositief diere vir Brucellae was negatief. Die monsters versamel van wild het negatief getoets deur middel van die RBT en CFT toets metodes. Die voorkoms van brusellose in mense in die studie was geassosieer met die gebruik van ongepasteuriseerde melk, tuisgemaakte bokmelkkaas en koffie met ongepasteuriseerde melk, asook direkte kontak met bokke. Alle abattoir werknemers (n=137) het negatief getoets met die STAT metode, maar drie werknemers het positief getoets met die ELISA metode. Die drie abattoir werkers was klinies normaal en het nie vorige kontak met bevestigde kliniese gevalle gehad nie. Hierdie studie bevestig die belang van mikrobiologiese, parasitiese en residu monitering as kritieke komponente van 'n gevaar-analise en kritiese kontrolepunt gebaseerde stelsel vir die produksie en verbruik van wildsvleis. Die studie verskaf ʼn basis vir toekomstige navorsing gefokus op ʼn geïntegreerde benadering van mens- en diergesondheid, monitering en vleis veiligheid risiko-analises.
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Shaffer, Loren E. "Using pre-diagnostic data fom veterinary laboratories to detect disease outbreaks in companion animals." The Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1176376010.
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Bowman, Andrew. "Active Influenza A Virus Surveillance in Swine at Agricultural Fairs." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1371840961.
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Bliss, Nola Terra. "Determining the Incoming Prevalence of Type A Influenza in Exhibition Swine and Characterizing the On-Farm Swine Management Practices Associated with Type A Influenza." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1428671459.
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Wang, Wenjun. "A Perspective Survey on Hand Hygiene to Protect Healthcare Workers at The Ohio State University Veterinary Medical Center." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1593598144663899.
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Mielke, Sarah Rebecca. "A Pilot Study of Potential Public Health Hazards in the Animal Hoarding Environment." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1429707141.
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Ashbaugh, Hayley Renee. "A Descriptive Survey of Dairy Farmers in Vinh Thinh Commune, Vietnam." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1266528992.
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Allan, Kathryn J. "Leptospirosis in northern Tanzania : exploring the role of rodents and livestock in a neglected public health problem." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2016. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7565/.
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Leptospirosis is an important but neglected zoonotic disease that is often overlooked in Africa. Although comprehensive data on the incidence of human disease are lacking, robust evidence of infection has been demonstrated in people and animals from all regions of the continent. However, to date, there are few examples of direct epidemiological linkages between human disease and animal infection. In East Africa, awareness of the importance of human leptospirosis as a cause of non-malarial febrile illness is growing. In northern Tanzania, acute leptospirosis has been diagnosed in 9% of patients with severe febrile illness compared to only 2% with malaria. However, little is known about the relative importance of different potential animal hosts as sources of human infection in this area. This project was established to investigate the roles of rodents and ruminant livestock, important hosts of Leptospira in other settings, in the epidemiology of leptospirosis in northern Tanzania. A cross-sectional survey of rodents living in and around human settlements was performed alongside an abattoir survey of ruminant livestock. Unusual patterns of animal infection were detected by real-time PCR detection. Renal Leptospira infection was absent from rodents but was detected in cattle from several geographic areas. Infection was demonstrated for the first time in small ruminants sub-Saharan Africa. Two major Leptospira species and a novel Leptospira genotype were detected in livestock. L. borgpetersenii was seen only in cattle but L. kirschneri infection was detected in multiple livestock species (cattle, sheep and goats), suggesting that at least two distinct patterns of Leptospira infection occur in livestock in northern Tanzania. Analysis of samples from acute leptospirosis in febrile human patients could not detect Leptospira DNA by real-time PCR but identified social and behavioural factors that may limit the utility of acute-phase diagnostic tests in this community. Analysis of serological data revealed considerable overlap between serogroups detected in cattle and human leptospirosis cases. Human disease was most commonly attributed to the serogroups Mini and Australis, which were also predominant reactive serogroups in cattle. Collectively, the results of this study led to the hypothesis that livestock are an important reservoir of Leptospira infection for people in northern Tanzania. These results also challenge our understanding of the relationship between Leptospira and common invasive rodent species, which do not appear to maintain infection in this setting. Livestock Leptospira infection has substantial potential to affect the well-being of people in East Africa, through direct transmission of infection or through indirect effects on food production and economic security. Further research is needed to quantify the impact of livestock leptospirosis in Africa and to develop effective interventions for the control of human and animal disease.
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Mathews, Jennifer Leah. "Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius at a Veterinary Teaching Hospital." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1339738135.
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Braman, Jade A. "Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) on Human and Equine Contact Surfaces in a Large Veterinary Teaching Hospital." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1305748270.
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Shirangi, Adeleh. "Occupational hazards in veterinary practice and possible effects on reproductive outcomes in female veterinarians." University of Western Australia. School of Population Health, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0087.
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[Truncated abstract] Veterinarians have considerable potential for exposure to several known reproductive hazards such as radiation, anaesthetic gases, pesticides, long working hours and occupational stress. Reproductive effects are a concern to female veterinarians, especially now that about 65% of graduates from Australian veterinary science schools are female. In the last two decades, there have been reports on the possible associations between occupational exposures and adverse reproductive outcomes in female veterinarians, but most of them have been equivocal and the whole area remains controversial. More evidence is needed before firm conclusions can be drawn. The Health Risks of Australian Veterinarians project (HRAV) was conducted as a questionnaire-based survey of all graduates from Australian veterinary schools during the 40-year period 1960-2000. Of 5,748 eligible veterinarians who were sent the questionnaires (73% of the whole cohort), 2,800 replied including 1,197 females (42.8%). Among women veterinarians eligible to participate, 59% participated . . . Identification of these associations may provide the opportunity for preventing harmful exposures and thus reduce the risk of any adverse reproductive outcomes not only for veterinarians, but also for other groups exposed to these risks such as veterinary nurses, animal laboratory technicians, anaesthetists, dentists, dental assistants, and other similar professional groups. The author of this thesis, having completely addressed the research objectives of her doctoral candidacy, has set out and acted on a future research agenda designed to explore the association between perceived occupational stress and pregnancy outcomes and infertility in Australian female veterinarians.
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Artuso-Ponte, Valeria C. "The Role of Benzo(c)phenanthridine Alkaloids on Swine-pathogen Interaction and the Epidemiology of Salmonella enterica." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1420544942.
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Ladbury, Georgia A. F. "From cow to consumer : using value chain approaches to evaluate infectious disease risk along dairy value chains serving urban consumers in Moshi Municipality, northern Tanzania." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/9114/.
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The global population is rapidly urbanising, with East Africa experiencing some of the fastest rates of urban growth. Urbanisation drives changes in diet, including increased consumption of animal source products (ASPs), and livestock value chains are becoming increasingly long and complex to meet these demands. This may place urban consumers at increased risk of food-borne infectious diseases. Evaluation of food-borne disease (FBD) risk to urban consumers in developing countries has been hampered by a lack of data on the composition of urban diets, and a lack of methodologies to systematically assess risk along food value chains which are typically informal, unregistered, and unregulated. This research used a value chain risk assessment approach (VCRA) to evaluate food-borne infectious disease risks along dairy value chains supplying Moshi Municipality, the regional capital of Kilimanjaro, Northern Tanzania. Our findings demonstrated that by far the most frequently consumed products were unpackaged milk and mtindi (fermented milk). While there was some role for urban livestock keepers in supplying these products to their communities directly, most of the milk and mtindi sold within Moshi originated with milk produced by smallholder farmers in rural areas surrounding the towns. Both the milk and mtindi value chains involved similar value chain nodes and actors, with a large degree of overlap between the formal and informal sectors and little to no formal education or training on milk handling and hygiene for chain participants. VCRA identified the bulking, wholesale and retail stages of the value chain as potential hotspots for introducing infectious disease risk. Consumers were well informed about many of the FBD risks posed by milk, and took active steps to mitigate these risks by boiling before consumption; however they perceived mtindi as posing a lower risk and were unable to mitigate risks with any preparatory step as mtindi is consumed as purchased. The highest risk to consumers was estimated to be posed by mtindi rather than milk, particularly mtindi made from leftover unsold milk, as this milk had a high risk of contamination. More studies are needed to investigate the infectious hazards present in both mtindi and other fermented milk products which are consumed widely across the region. The practice of valorising leftover ASPs as alternative products for human consumption may represent a particular source of FBD risk to urban consumers in developing countries.
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Fischer, Marianne. "Studie über die Ausbildung von Tierärzten in den Lebensmittelfächern - ein europäischer Vergleich." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-20100406-113054-6.
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Dailey, Sophia R. "Microbiological Quality of Milk Produced in Urban and Peri-Urban Farms in Central Ethiopia and its Public Health Impact." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1312318255.
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Skiles, Andrea Glenn. "EVALUATION OF PYRIPROXYFEN APPLIED IN BARRIER SPRAYS FOR MOSQUITO SUPPRESSION." UKnowledge, 2017. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/entomology_etds/36.
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Despite advances in mosquito management, mosquito-borne disease in the United States is still of relevant public health concern and vector control is a top priority in preventing transmission of pathogens. Insecticide barrier sprays have become a common tool for suppression of mosquitoes in single-homeowner backyards. The application of the synthetic pyrethroid, lambda-cyhalothrin to perimeter vegetation with a backpack sprayer has been shown to significantly suppress mosquito levels for around 6 weeks. In an attempt to lengthen the effective duration of treatment, the IGR, pyriproxyfen, was added to a backpack mist blower with lambda-cyhalothrin, as adult mosquitoes exposed to pyriproxyfen have been shown to disseminate it to oviposition sites and to experience lowered fecundity. This treatment was compared to lambda-cyhalothrin alone and to a water control. Mosquito populations were sampled using CO2-baited CDC light traps, CDC gravid traps, human landing rates, and ovitraps. Leaf bioassays were performed. The following summer, the same treatments were applied with a truck-mounted mist blower to tree lines in Central Kentucky, to test the efficacy of an application method that could be used on large properties. Finally, bioassays were performed with water sampled from pyriproxyfen-treated containers, exposed to field conditions to test for residual efficacy.
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Nascimento, Vladimir Pinheiro do. "The ease of translocation of Salmonella enteritidis through the eggshell wall : an immunocytochemical/ultrastructural study." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1992. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3893/.
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Evidence is presented to indicate that: a) The cuticular layer of the shell is rarely present as an even covering at any stage in the laying year. So, its role as a first line of defence is questionable. b) The shell membranes do inhibit bacterial transfer to some degree, even when they are structurally disrupted; however, if the challenge is great enough, then their function as effective barriers is reduced. c) In the absence of the shell membranes, Salmonella enteritidis Phage type 4 does not move freely across the shell, but it is either facilitated or inhibited in its passage by structural variation in the true shell, particularly at the level of the mammillary layer. Statistical data support in most instances a significant and positive correlation between the presence of structural defects and bacterial transfer. d) In a three tier battery system, a tier effect exists with respect to ease of translocation of microoganisms, with eggs from the top tier being more susceptible, i.e. structurally inferior. e) The results confirm earlier work that shell quality declines with age, and extends this finding to show that this morphological deterioration is accompanied by a decreased resistance to bacterial movement. f) Patent gas exchange pores, whilst obvious portals for bacterial ingress, are in this respect of secondary importance to structural defects within the shell. Evidence is also provided to substantiate the assumption that birds, irrespective of strain, display diverse shell structural quality. One of the strains evaluated (strain B) was structurally better than the other (strain A), at the beginning and middle of lay, and was also more capable of withstanding bacterial challenge in all three laying periods tested. 4. The housing system can influence shell quality; thus Barn and Battery eggs were structurally superior to their Range counterparts, at the end of lay. 5. The tagging of Salmonella with immunogold markers proved to be a valuable technique, which allowed a more precise localisation of the bacteria within the shell's ultrastructure, as viewed by the Scanning Electron Microscope (S.E.M.). This method gave support to other findings in this work, confirming that bacterial transfer was specifically encouraged by late fusion and alignment of the mammillae and pitting occurrences, with the cone layer probably implicated in the process of penetration in vivo. (now derestricted)
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Van, Balen Rubio Joany Christina. "Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: ecology and molecular epidemiology of environmental contamination in veterinary and human healthcare settings during non-outbreak periods." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1429796647.
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Lutz, Eric Anthony. "Human and Animal Exposure to Airborne Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): Laboratory Evaluations and Veterinary Hospital Pilot Study." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1276101615.
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Salih, Harith Mohammed Saleem. "Brucellosis in Iraq: epidemiology, present status, and challenges in controlling the disease." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/6240.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology
Gary A. Anderson
Brucellosis is one of the major endemic zoonotic diseases worldwide, and it has history dating back to 1937 in Iraq when it was first isolated by an Iraqi physician. In order to establish a solution for the continuous devastating impacts of the disease in humans and livestock, the Brucellosis Control Program was established in 1995. The main responsibilities of this program were setting and implementing the appropriate strategies for controlling the disease. After the war in 2003, the United Nation organization for Food and Agriculture (FAO) developed a strategic plan to control the disease. The main goal of the project was to improve productivity in the livestock sector and reduce the prevalence of disease in small ruminants (sheep and goats) to less than 2%, and less than 0.2% in cattle and buffalo. Achieving such goals ultimately would reduce the disease incidence among the human population from more than 27.2 cases/100,000 persons in 2002, to less than 4 cases/100,000 people within 15 years. A serological surveillance was conducted and revealed the apparent prevalence of the disease in sheep and goats, cattle, buffalo, and camels was 6.51%, 1%, 1.48%, and 0.02%, respectively in Iraqi governorates except the three northern governorates of Kurdistan province . Based on surveillance results, a vaccination policy was the only appropriate strategy that could be chosen to control the disease. Four vaccination campaigns were implemented in 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2009, with a total number of vaccinated animals each year at 10099972, 4698482, 753153, and 1833482 head, respectively. The primary satisfactory outcome of the program was the apparent decline in livestock abortions leading to obvious increases in productivity. Regarding the incidence of brucellosis among the human population, the apparent decline in the middle and south of Iraq began with the vaccination phase of the control program in 2006. The results represented a significant decrease in human cases after only four vaccination campaigns of a program that was intended to continue for 15 years.
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Maxwell, Melody J. "Building the road to a regional zoonoses strategy: a survey of zoonoses programs in the Americas." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1460630934.
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Lim, Kelvin Z. "EFFECT OF FLAVOMYCIN (FLAVOPHOSPHOLIPOL) ON THE ACQUISITION AND LOSS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT SALMONELLA ENTERICA SEROVAR ENTERITIDIS IN BROILER CHICKENS." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1429289203.
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Gabriel, Fábio Henrique de Lima. "A aplicação de um inquérito populacional como auxiliar no planejamento da educação em saúde, promoção da posse responsável e controle da raiva nos municípios de Botucatu e Lençóis Paulista - SP /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94673.
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Orientador: José Rafael ModoloBanca: Luciana Maria Lunardi Campos
Banca: Luiz Carlos de Souza
Resumo: Neste trabalho foi elaborado questionário e o mesmo foi aplicado à uma parcela da população (cerca de 8%) que se dirigia aos postos de vacinação durante as Campanhas de Vacinação contra raiva nos municípios de Botucatu e Lençóis Paulista, ambas realizadas no ano de 2003. Questionário que abordava assuntos como a higiene do proprietário no trato com o cão. Também buscava-se informações sobre a posse responsável do proprietário para com seu animal de estimação. E por fim avaliava o grau de informação da população sobre a raiva, doença cujo controle é alcançado vacinando-se os uma parcela significativa de cães e gatos de uma região. Quando das 18 questões analisadas, verificou-se alguns pontos onde os conhecimentos dos entrevistados não traduziam as atitudes corretas em relação aos procedimentos saudáveis no relacionamento com seus animais. Em relação ao conhecimento sobre a raiva e os procedimentos adotados perante as hipóteses levantadas pelo questionário, as respostas atingiram níveis satisfatórios. Os resultados obtidos fornecerão subsídios para se identificar deficiências e se planejar medidas de educação em saúde, aplicáveis a diferentes extratos populacionais, abordando os temas discutidos aqui, de maneira acessível.
Abstract: In this report a questionnaire was elaborated and applied in one part of the population (about 8%) who went to vaccination places during the campaigns against rabies in Botucatu and Lençóis Paulista, both achieved in the 2003. The questionnaire which approached subjects such the hygiene of the owner in the treatment with his dog. It was also looked for information about the responsible ownership of his pet. And at last it was evaluated the degree of knowledge of the population about rabies, disease which control is reached vaccinating a significant number of cats and dogs of a region .Some points were detected among the eighteen questions analysed, where the interviewers knowledge didnþt translate the correct attitudes related to healthy procedures in the relationship with their animals. In relation to the knowledge about rabies and the procedures adopted over the raised hypotheses from the questionnaire, the answers reached satisfactory levels. The results obtained will provide subsidies to identify deficiencies and plan measurements of Education in health, applied in different populations, approaching the subjects discussed here, in an accessible way.
Mestre
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Gabriel, Fábio Henrique de Lima [UNESP]. "A aplicação de um inquérito populacional como auxiliar no planejamento da educação em saúde, promoção da posse responsável e controle da raiva nos municípios de Botucatu e Lençóis Paulista - SP." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94673.
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gabriel_fhl_me_botfmvz.pdf: 438014 bytes, checksum: dc671194fcc943ed26a4c47198491747 (MD5)Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Neste trabalho foi elaborado questionário e o mesmo foi aplicado à uma parcela da população (cerca de 8%) que se dirigia aos postos de vacinação durante as Campanhas de Vacinação contra raiva nos municípios de Botucatu e Lençóis Paulista, ambas realizadas no ano de 2003. Questionário que abordava assuntos como a higiene do proprietário no trato com o cão. Também buscava-se informações sobre a posse responsável do proprietário para com seu animal de estimação. E por fim avaliava o grau de informação da população sobre a raiva, doença cujo controle é alcançado vacinando-se os uma parcela significativa de cães e gatos de uma região. Quando das 18 questões analisadas, verificou-se alguns pontos onde os conhecimentos dos entrevistados não traduziam as atitudes corretas em relação aos procedimentos saudáveis no relacionamento com seus animais. Em relação ao conhecimento sobre a raiva e os procedimentos adotados perante as hipóteses levantadas pelo questionário, as respostas atingiram níveis satisfatórios. Os resultados obtidos fornecerão subsídios para se identificar deficiências e se planejar medidas de educação em saúde, aplicáveis a diferentes extratos populacionais, abordando os temas discutidos aqui, de maneira acessível.
In this report a questionnaire was elaborated and applied in one part of the population (about 8%) who went to vaccination places during the campaigns against rabies in Botucatu and Lençóis Paulista, both achieved in the 2003. The questionnaire which approached subjects such the hygiene of the owner in the treatment with his dog. It was also looked for information about the responsible ownership of his pet. And at last it was evaluated the degree of knowledge of the population about rabies, disease which control is reached vaccinating a significant number of cats and dogs of a region .Some points were detected among the eighteen questions analysed, where the interviewers knowledge didnþt translate the correct attitudes related to healthy procedures in the relationship with their animals. In relation to the knowledge about rabies and the procedures adopted over the raised hypotheses from the questionnaire, the answers reached satisfactory levels. The results obtained will provide subsidies to identify deficiencies and plan measurements of Education in health, applied in different populations, approaching the subjects discussed here, in an accessible way.
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Bourély, Chrystèle. "Le manque de médicaments vétérinaires autorisés : un véritable problème de santé publique." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON10029.
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L'industrie pharmaceutique vétérinaire doit satisfaire de nombreux besoins spécifiques à la grande diversité des espèces et des maladies animales, afin de répondre à la forte demande d'innovation, ainsi qu'au maintien sur le marché des "vieux" médicaments vétérinaires déjà autorisés. Le médicament vétérinaire fait l'objet d'une évaluation scientifique destinée à garantir sa qualité, son efficacité et sa sécurité. Les risques liés à son utilisation pour l'animal, mais aussi et surtout pour l'homme en tant qu'utilisateur dudit médicament et consommateur de denrées alimentaires d'origine animale, et pour l'environnement, ont conduit à un accroissement progressif et constant des exigences réglementaires. Le manque de médicaments vétérinaires autorisés pour les espèces animales et pour les indications thérapeutiques dites "mineures", conséquence de ces exigences réglementaires, est à l'origine du développement de pratiques à risques. La pratique licite des prescriptions "hors AMM" de médicaments vétérinaires par les docteurs en médecine vétérinaire, ainsi que les utilisations illicites de substances actives autorisées, susceptibles de porter atteinte à la santé animale, à la santé publique, et à l'environnement, représentent un véritable problème de santé publiqueThe veterinary pharmaceutical industry has to satisfy numerous specific needs due to the wide variety of the animal species and diseases, to answer the high demand of innovation as well as to maintain on the market the "old" veterinary medicines. The veterinary medicine is the object of a scientific evaluation, intended to guarantee its quality, its efficiency and its security.The risks related to its use for the animal but also and especially for the human (as user of the aforementioned medicine and as consumer of foodstuffs of animal origin), and for the environment, had leddriven to the regulatory requirements governing for veterinary medicinal products being increasingly tightened.The lack of authorized veterinary medicines for the "minors" animal species and therapeutic uses, consequence of these regulatory requirements, is at the origin of the development of risky practices. The licit practice of prescriptions " out of official authorization " of veterinarian medicines from doctors of veterinarian medicine, as well as the illicit uses of authorized active substances, susceptible to strike a blow at the animal health, at the public health, as well as the environment, represent a true public health issue
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Persad, Anil Kenneth. "Epidemiological studies on Non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1467817228.
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Page, Allen E. "DETERMINATION OF FARM-SPECIFIC LAWSONIA INTRACELLULARIS SEROPREVALENCE IN CENTRAL KENTUCKY THOROUGHBREDS AND THE IDENTIFICATION OF FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO EQUINE PROLIFERATIVE ENTEROPATHY." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gluck_etds/9.
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Lawsonia intracellularis and the disease it causes in horses, equine proliferative enteropathy (EPE), is an emerging pathogen of increasing importance to the horse industry from both an economic and welfare standpoint. Long recognized as an economically important disease of swine, the hallmark of EPE is a protein-losing enteropathy, where affected horses suffer weight loss and some ultimately succumb to the disease despite aggressive treatment. There are currently no known EPE preventative measures and the epidemiology of the disease remains poorly defined. While EPE is a sporadic disease affecting less than 25% of exposed horses, some farms experience clinical cases year after year. Further, weanlings are uniquely susceptible to this disease, although no conclusive reason for this predisposition has been identified. The overall hypothesis is that the host immune response plays a significant role in the susceptibility of weanlings to L. intracellularis infection and the occurrence of clinical equine proliferative enteropathy. To test this hypothesis, four individual hypotheses were proposed: (H1) previous farm history of EPE does not have an effect on weanling seroprevalence, (H2) passively-acquired antibodies do not have an effect on susceptibility to L. intracellularis and the occurrence of EPE, (H3) the serological status of mares can be used to determine the role they play in the epidemiology of EPE on endemic farms, and (H4) L. intracellularis-specific IFN-g expression is not associated with increased resistance to EPE.
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Monteiro, Davolli Gabriel. "REVERSIBLE DOWNREGULATION OF HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY-GONADAL AXIS IN THE STALLION WITH A THIRD-GENERATION GNRH ANTAGONIST." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gluck_etds/22.
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The objectives of this thesis were: (1) to evaluate the downregulation of the stallion hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis by a GnRH antagonist (acyline) based upon endocrine, seminal, testicular and behavioral effects, and (2) to assess recovery after treatment. Stallions were treated for 50 days (n=4; 330µg/kg acyline q 5d) and controls (n=4) received vehicle alone. Stallions were assessed pre-treatment and for 72 days after last treatment. Treatment induced declines (p<0.05) in FSH, LH, testosterone (to castrate levels) and estrone sulfate. Gonadotropins and testosterone returned to control values within nine days and estrone sulfate by 14 days after treatment discontinuation. Acyline-treated stallions failed to respond with FSH, LH and testosterone increase after exogenous GnRH stimulation (25µg gonadorelin, IV) compared to pre-treatment and control stimulation. Total sperm numbers and motility were reduced in acyline-treated stallions, as well as total seminal plasma protein and testicular volume (p<0.05). Time to ejaculation was increased in acyline group (p<0.5). Testicular, sexual behavior and most seminal parameters regained normal levels within 72 days after treatment ceased. Sperm output of acyline-treated stallions was regained within seven months after ending treatment. Acyline reversibly suppressed the stallion HPG axis, thus has potential for treating the androgen-dependent Equine-Arteritis-Virus carrier state and as behavior modulator.
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Erdozain, Gonzalo. "Best practices for designing and planning events where human-animal interactions are encouraged, based on observations of risk behaviors and hand hygiene at such events." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15838.
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Master of Public HealthDepartment of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology
Douglas Powell
Outbreaks of human illness have been linked to visiting settings with animal contact throughout developed countries. These outbreaks demonstrate that although contact with animals in public settings can provide educational and entertainment opportunities, the potential to spread disease exists if risk-reduction tools are not implemented, proper hygiene measures aren’t practiced, and precautions are not taken and reinforced. This thesis is divided into two parts. Part one is an observational study of hand hygiene tool availability and recommendations; frequency of risky behavior; and, handwashing attempts by visitors in Kansas and Missouri, U.S., petting zoos. Part two delineates best practices for organizing events where human-animal interactions are encouraged, in hopes it will lower the risk of zoonotic disease transmission. Handwashing signs and hand hygiene stations were available at the exit of animal-contact areas in 10/13 and 8/13 petting zoos respectively. Risky behaviors were observed being performed at all petting zoos by at least one visitor. Frequently observed behaviors were: children (10/13 petting zoos) and adults (9/13 petting zoos) touching hands to face within animal-contact areas; animals licking children’s and adults’ hands (7/13 and 4/13 petting zoos, respectively); and children and adults drinking within animal-contact areas (5/13 petting zoos each). Of 574 visitors observed for hand hygiene when exiting animal-contact areas, 37% (n=214) of individuals attempted some type of hand hygiene, with male adults, female adults, and children attempting at similar rates (32%, 40%, and 37% respectively). Visitors performed hand hygiene more often when a staff member was present within or at the exit to the animal-contact area (136/231, 59%) than when no staff member was present (78/343, 23%; P < 0.001, OR = 4.863, 95% CI = 3.380–6.998), and in petting zoos where animal contact occurred over a fence (188/460, 40.9%) as opposed to visitors entering an animals’ yard for contact (26/114, 22.8%; P < 0.001, OR = 2.339, 95% CI = 1.454–3.763). Inconsistencies existed in tool availability, signage, and supervision of animal- contact. Risk communication was poor, with few petting zoos outlining risks associated with animal-contact, or providing recommendations for precautions to be taken to reduce these risks. Recommendations made in the second part of this thesis were based on these observations, recent publications, and the suggestions of many health agencies. It focuses on what event planners can do to design and plan a safer event, and what staff working at the event should be aware of in order to inform visitors and lower the risk of zoonotic disease transmission. Part two discusses two primary tools to reduce risk of zoonotic disease transmission: sanitation and awareness of risk behaviors. Keeping facilities, animals, and visitors clean, and informing visitors of risky behaviors to avoid, while reinforcing positive messages within the animal- contact area, can lower the risk of zoonotic infection. Included with the second part, is a checklist (see appendix A) designed for visitors to assess whether an event that encourages human-animal interaction poses a high or low risk. By identifying possible risk factors, teachers and parents will be able to make an informed decision about the safety of the human-animal encounter.
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Jorge, Rodrigo Silva Pinto. "Caracterização do estado sanitário dos carnívoros selvagens da RPPN SESC Pantanal e de animais domésticos da região." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-28052008-104047/.
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Nas últimas décadas, pesquisadores vêm atribuindo crescente importância à ocorrência de agentes patogênicos para a conservação de animais selvagens. Epizootias em carnívoros selvagens na África e América do Norte levaram a declínios significativos nas populações afetadas. Por outro lado, animais selvagens podem agir como reservatórios para agentes que afetam o homem e animais domésticos. O objetivo deste estudo foi pesquisar a exposição de carnívoros selvagens e de animais domésticos da região da RPPN SESC Pantanal a patógenos importantes para a conservação dos carnívoros selvagens e para o homem. Para isto, entre 2002 e 2006, 76 carnívoros selvagens (43 cachorros-do-mato, Cerdocyon thous, 13 guaxinins, Procyon cancrivorous, oito lobos-guarás, Chrysocyon brachyurus, quatro jaguatiricas, Leopardus pardalis, sete suçuaranas, Puma concolor e um cachorro-vinagre, Speothos venaticus) foram capturados e tiveram amostras sangüíneas coletadas. Também foram amostrados 103 cães domésticos em comunidades humanas localizadas ao norte da RPPN e 27 cavalos utilizados no interior da reserva. Para os carnívoros (selvagens e domésticos) foi realizado sorodiagnóstico para o vírus da cinomose (soroneutralização), parvovírus (HI), raiva (SFIMT) e Leptospira spp. (MAT), além do diagnóstico direto para Leishmania spp., através da PCR. A sorologia para Leptospira spp. também foi realizada nos eqüinos. Dentre os carnívoros selvagens, 21 de 75 animais testados apresentaram título >= 8 de anticorpos para o vírus da cinomose, 70 de 76 apresentaram título >= 80 de anticorpos para o parvovírus, 4 de 76 apresentaram título >= 10 UI/ml de anticorpos para o vírus da raiva, 32 de 75 apresentaram título >= 100 de anticorpos para Leptospira spp. e 7 de 21 foram positivos para Leishmania spp. Dentre os cães domésticos, foram diagnosticados 65 positivos à sorologia para o vírus da cinomose dos 79 indivíduos testados, 98 de 102 para o parvovírus, 27 de 102 para o vírus da raiva e 18 de 103 para Leptospira spp. Para Leishmania spp., 20 de 70 foram positivos. As amostras dos animais positivos para Leishmania foram identificadas como pertencentes ao sub-gênero Viannia, sendo duas delas identificadas especificamente como Leishmania (V.) braziliensis. Vinte de 27 cavalos foram positivos sorologicamente para Leptospira spp. Os resultados obtidos indicam que os carnívoros selvagens e cães domésticos foram expostos aos cinco agentes pesquisados, demonstrando a presença destes na região. Isto indica que os carnívoros selvagens da região podem ser ameaçados pela presença dos patógenos que comumente circulam nas populações de cães domésticos. Também demonstram que agentes zoonóticos circulam nestes animais na região. No entanto, nem a mortalidade de carnívoros selvagens em decorrência de doenças nem o papel dos animais selvagens como reservatórios de agentes zoonóticos puderam ser claramente demonstrados. Apesar disto, é evidente a necessidade de implementação de medidas preventivas visando evitar a transmissão de patógenos aos carnívoros selvagens, como vacinação e controle populacional dos cães domésticos, e de um sistema de vigilância para as leishmanioses, para a raiva e para a leptospirose, aliado a um programa de educação em saúde na comunidade de São Pedro de Joselândia e adjacências.In the last decades, researchers have been giving growing importance to the occurrence of pathogens for the conservation of wild animals. Epizootics in wild carnivores in Africa and North America have led to declines in the affected populations. On the other hand, wild animals may act as reservoirs to pathogens that affect humans and domestic animals. The purpose of this study was to assess the exposure of wild carnivores and domestic animals from the Northern Pantanal region to pathogens that are important for the conservation of wild carnivores and for men. From 2002 to 2006, 76 wild carnivores (43 crab eating foxes, Cerdocyon thous, 13 raccoons, Procyon cancrivorous, eight maned wolves, Chrysocyon brachyurus, four ocelots, Leopardus pardalis, seven pumas, Puma concolor, and one bush dog, Speothos venaticus) were captured and blood samples were collected. Additionally, 103 domestic dogs and 27 horses from the same area were also sampled. Serological tests were performed for wild carnivores and domestic dogs for CDV (SN), CPV (HI), rabies virus (SFIMT) and Leptospira spp. (MAT), along with PCR for Leishmania spp. MAT was also performed for horses. Among wild carnivores, 21 of 75 tested animals had titers >= 8 for CDV antibodies, 70 of 76 had titers >= 80 for CPV antibodies, 4 of 76 had titers >= 10 UI/ml for rabies virus antibodies, 32 of 75 had >= 100 for Leptospira spp. antibodies, and 7 of 21 were positive for Leishmania spp. Among domestic dogs, 65 of 79 animals tested positive for serology for CDV, 98 of 102 for CPV, 27 of 102 for rabies virus and 18 of 103 for Leptospira spp. For Leishmania spp., 20 of 70 were positive. Positive samples for Leishmania spp. were identified as belonging to the sub-genus Viannia. Two of these were identified to the species level as Leishmania (V.) braziliensis. Twenty of 27 horses were serologically positive for Leptospira spp. These results indicate that wild carnivores and domestic dogs were exposed to all five tested pathogens, showing their presence in the region. This indicates that wild carnivores in the region may be threatened by pathogens that commonly circulate among domestic dog populations. It also demonstrates that zoonotic agents circulate among the wild carnivore population in the region. However, neither a greater mortality of wild carnivores due to infectious diseases nor their role as reservoirs of zoonosis have been clearly demonstrated. Nevertheless, the need to act to prevent the transmission of pathogens to wild carnivores, through vaccination of domestic dogs and population control, is evident. The implementation of a surveillance system for rabies, leishmaniasis and leptospirosis, together with a health education program in the human community, would also be very important.
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Denholm, Rachael Ann. "Changes in Antimicrobial Resistance from 1994 to 2011 and Exploring Farm Management Practices Associated with Antimicrobial Resistance in Salmonella on U.S. Beef Feedlots." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492702064126336.
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Nogueira, Carolina Silveira Lustosa. "Importância da inclusão do médico veterinário nos Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família - NASF." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153088.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
RESUMO - A Medicina Veterinária é reconhecida como profissão da área de saúde pelo Ministério da Saúde, no Brasil, desde 1998. A partir de 2011, os médicos veterinários passaram a integrar a lista de profissionais que podem compor as equipes de Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF). O NASF foi criado para aumentar a resolubilidade da Atenção Primária em Saúde e deve ser constituído por equipe multiprofissional. Ainda são poucas as equipes de NASF, em todo o Brasil, que contam com o médico veterinário. O presente estudo foi idealizado com o intuito de demonstrar a importância da inclusão do médico veterinário no NASF, utilizando o Município de Franco da Rocha/SP como modelo para todo o país. Para tanto, foram avaliados dados epidemiológicos no período de 2008 a 2016, relativos aos casos humanos de quatro agravos de notificação compulsória intrinsicamente relacionados à atuação desse profissional, além da análise de situação das eSF do Município. Foram analisados os dados de acidentes com animais peçonhentos e por animais potencialmente transmissores da raiva, e dados de leptospirose e dengue. Para avaliar a situação das eSF, foram coletados dados das variáveis população total, número de eSF, cobertura populacional de eSF e número de NASFs. A partir do sistema de informações do DATASUS, foram confirmados no Município, para o período de estudo, 468 acidentes com animais peçonhentos; 2.844 acidentes por animais potencialmente transmissores da raiva; 5.051 casos de dengue; e 21 casos de leptospirose. Com relação ao número de eSF e cobertura populacional, no ano de 2008 eram cinco equipes, com cobertura de 14,2% da população, e no ano de 2016 passou a 24 equipes, com cobertura de 56,5%. Apenas um NASF foi implantado em 2015. Apesar do aumento da cobertura populacional no período, não foi observada redução na incidência dos agravos estudados. A inclusão do médico veterinário na Atenção Básica, particularmente no NASF, certamente contribuiria para melhorar esse quadro, visto que atuaria de forma interdisciplinar com enfermeiros, médicos, agentes comunitários de saúde e demais integrantes das eSF e eAB, com a finalidade de melhorar os problemas em saúde relacionados à interface humanos, animais e ambiente. O diagnóstico epidemiológico relativo a doenças e agravos de notificação compulsória é uma das primeiras etapas no planejamento das atividades do NASF para definição de prioridades, visto que o perfil epidemiológico tem como objetivo conhecer a situação de saúde da população por meio da análise dos dados disponíveis no sistema de notificação em saúde, proporcionando assim a visualização de ofertas concretas de ações que o médico veterinário poderá desenvolver na equipe multiprofissional do NASF, sempre com o intuito de prevenção de doenças e outros agravos, e promoção e proteção da saúde. Conclui-se, com este estudo, que o número atual de eSF no Município de Franco da Rocha/SP permite que seja criada mais uma equipe de NASF, demonstra a importância da inclusão do profissional médico veterinário e que, para tanto, é primordial o levantamento epidemiológico nos territórios que serão atendidos.
ABSTRACT - Veterinary Medicine has been recognized as a health profession by the Brazilian Ministry of Health since 1998. As of 2011, veterinarians have joined the list of professionals who can compose the teams of the Family Health Support Unit (NASF). NASF was created to increase the resolubility of Primary Health Care and should be made up of multiprofessional team. There are still few NASF teams in Brazil that count on the veterinarian. The present study was conceived with the intention of demonstrating the importance of the inclusion of the veterinarian in the NASF, using the Municipality of Franco da Rocha / SP as a model for the whole country. For that, epidemiological data were evaluated in the period from 2008 to 2016, related to the human cases of four compulsory notification agronomically related to the performance of this professional, in addition to the analysis of the situation of the FSS of the Municipality. Data were analyzed of accidents with venomous animals and animals potentially transmitting rabies, and data on leptospirosis and dengue. In order to evaluate the situation of FSUs, data were collected on the variables total population, eSF number, population coverage of eSF and number of NASFs. From the DATASUS information system, 468 accidents with venomous animals were confirmed in the municipality for the study period; 2,844 accidents by animals potentially transmitting rabies; 5,051 cases of dengue; and 21 cases of leptospirosis. With regard to the number of eSF and population coverage, in 2008 there were five teams, with a coverage of 14.2% of the population, and in the year 2016 it went to 24 teams, with coverage of 56.5%. Only one NASF was implanted in 2015. Despite the increase in population coverage in the period, no reduction in the incidence of the diseases studied was observed. The inclusion of the veterinarian in Primary Care, particularly in NASF, would certainly improve this situation, since it would act in an interdisciplinary way with nurses, doctors, community health agents and other members of the eSF and eAB, in order to improve the problems related to the human, animal and environmental interface. The epidemiological diagnosis of diseases and diseases of compulsory notification is one of the first steps in the planning of NASF activities to prioritize, since the epidemiological profile aims to know the health status of the population by analyzing the data available in the health notification system, thus providing the visualization of concrete offers of actions that the veterinarian can develop in the NASF multiprofessional team, always with the intention of prevention of diseases and other diseases, and promotion and protection of health. It is concluded, with this study, that the current number of eSF in the Municipality of Franco da Rocha / SP allows the creation of a further NASF team, demonstrates the importance of the inclusion of the veterinary medical professional and that, for that, the epidemiological survey in the territories that will be served.
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Binkley, Laura Elyse. "Rabies Genetic Diversity and Reservoir Identification in Terrestrial Carnivores Throughout Ethiopia." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555504407886304.
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Shikongo-Kuvare, Lorna Tuwilika. "Development of risk communication strategies to improve control of Cysticercosis bovis in North Central Namibia." Diss., Electronic thesis, 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04112008-150144/.
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Fialho, Patrícia Carril Pereira Marques. "Comunicação e informação da indústria farmacêutica em medicina veterinária." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/15009.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina VeterináriaA Medicina Veterinária tem sofrido uma forte evolução a nível mundial nas últimas décadas, sendo, nos dias de hoje, uma profissão com uma presença social mais marcada que nunca. Assistiu-se, nos últimos anos, a uma franca alteração na importância que a sociedade atribui aos animais e na perceção que se tem da saúde animal. Atualmente, as doenças dos animais são amplamente estudadas, existindo, paralelamente, cada vez mais opções em termos terapêuticos. De facto, é cada vez maior o número de fármacos de que dispomos para tratar os animais, o que, muitas vezes, poderá representar uma dificuldade na hora de escolher a terapia a seguir. Estando ciente disto, a Indústria Farmacêutica – que engloba um número cada vez maior de Médicos Veterinários - deve, mais que nunca, saber comunicar os seus produtos, sob pena, em primeiro lugar, de que seja feito um mau uso dos mesmos - com repercussões mais ou menos graves para a saúde pública e animal - e, em segundo lugar, de que isto acarrete um prejuízo económico para a própria Indústria, caso a mensagem que tenta passar não seja percecionada pelo consumidor final. O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi analisar de que modo esta comunicação deve ser feita, por recurso a exemplos práticos de produtos distintos com os quais a estudante tomou contacto ao longo do estágio curricular, efetuado em âmbito empresarial. A relevância e importância deste projeto decorrem da escassez de informação que há sobre o assunto, aliada ao facto de este ser ainda um tema pouco dominado por muitos Médicos Veterinários. Para o efeito, foi, numa primeira fase, realizada uma revisão da literatura existente, com especial ênfase no campo legislativo e regulamentar e, numa segunda fase, expostas e comparadas duas realidades muito distintas do mercado farmacêutico para animais, em termos de comunicação ao público. Este trabalho culminou numa síntese de boas práticas de comunicação que poderá servir de base a todos os Médicos Veterinários com interesse nesta área e aos vários profissionais em contato direto com esta Indústria, particularmente, assentando na conclusão de que este é um processo dinâmico e que, por isso, deverá sempre ser ajustado ao produto que se pretende vender e ao público que se pretende abranger: o Médico Veterinário, por um lado, mas também os detentores dos animais, por outro.
ABSTRACT - COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION BY PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY FOCUSED ON VETERINARY MEDICINE - Veterinary Medicine has gone through a strong worldwide evolution during the past decades, being, nowadays, a profession with a social role more relevant than ever. An expressive change in the way society sees animals and in people’s perception of animal health has been witnessed, in the last few years. Currently, animal diseases are widely studied and there is also a growing number of options when it comes to therapy. In fact, the number of drugs available to treat animal diseases is getting higher each day, which, many times, makes the therapeutic choice even more challenging. Being aware of that, Pharmaceutical Industry – currently integrated by a growing number of Veterinarians – has to know, more than ever, how to properly communicate their products. On one hand, if their message is not correctly transmitted, there might be an abusive usage of the drugs, which may ultimately lead to serious animal and public health issues. On the other hand, a faulty communication may potentially represent a consequent business loss to the Industry itself, if their message is not effective enough to convince consumers. The main aim of this dissertation was to assess the way this communication should be conducted, by resorting to some pratical samples of distinct products that the student worked with during her externship in the business industry. The relevance and importance of this project both lay on the lack of available information on this subject, linked to the fact that this is a topic that very few Veterinarians master. Regarding these goals, at first, an extensive bibliographic research was conducted on this matter, with special emphasis on the legislative field. Afterwards, two distinct products, addressed differentely in terms of communication, were stated and compared. This dissertation lastly originated the framing of a communication good practices synopsis, which may be used by all Veterinarians interested in this topic, as well as to everyone professionally connected to this Industry, with the main goal to keep alive the idea that this is a dynamic process and will, as such, always require adjustments to the product we want to sell and the public we want to approach: Veterinarians, on one hand, but also pet owners and people in charge of farm animals, on the other.
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