Journal articles: 'VGF method'

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Sun, T., K. Tang, H. Cui, and H. Fan. "THERMOLUMINESCENCE OF NEWLY DEVELOPED HIGHLY SENSITIVE α-Al2O3:C BY THE VERTICAL GRADIENT FREEZING METHOD." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 184, no. 2 (November 17, 2018): 174–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncy196.

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Abstract A highly sensitive α-Al2O3:C crystal was directly grown by the vertical gradient freezing (VGF) method using Al2O3 and graphite powder as the raw materials. The main thermoluminescence (TL) characteristics of α-Al2O3:C detectors grown by the VGF method and TLD-500K detectors were compared. The α-Al2O3:C grown by the VGF method shows good dosimetric properties, such as high TL sensitivity (152 times higher than that of the TLD-100 at heating rate of 1°C/s), an extremely low residual signal of 0.03%, a minimum measurable dose of 0.12 μGy and an excellent linear response within the dose range studied from 1 μGy to 10 Gy. The α-Al2O3:C detectors grown by the VGF method have a higher sensitivity and a better linear response compared to the TLD-500K detectors. Both kinds of α-Al2O3:C can be used in an unannealed form and to measure the very low dose in environmental monitoring and personnel dosimetry.

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Stenzenberger, J., T. Bünger, F. Börner, S. Eichler, T. Flade, R. Hammer, M. Jurisch, U. Kretzer, S. Teichert, and B. Weinert. "Growth and characterization of 200mm SI GaAs crystals grown by the VGF method." Journal of Crystal Growth 250, no. 1-2 (March 2003): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-0248(02)02214-5.

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Badhan, SA, S. Haque, M. Akteruzzaman, N. Zaman, K. Nahar, and F. Yeasmin. "Role of social safety net programmes for ensuring food security and reducing poverty in char area of Jamalpur district in Bangladesh." Progressive Agriculture 30, no. 1 (July 17, 2019): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v30i1.42211.

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The study has been conducted to assess the social safety net programmes for ensuring food security and poverty reduction in char area of Jamalpur district, Bangladesh during the period of July-August in 2016. Survey method was used to collect primary data from Madargonj upazila of Jamalpur district. A total of 60 sample households were selected purposively for collecting data where 25 were under old age allowance, 15 were widow allowance and 20 were VGF/VGD card holders. Descriptive and tabular analysis was used to achieve the major objectives of the study. There are many Safety Net Programmes launched in the study area, like old age allowance, widow allowance, VGD/VGF, test relief, food for works and so on. The findings showed that after getting the allowance, the food consumption pattern, health, etc. are improving. Before joining SSNPs, about 77% people were food insecure but now the value is 68% and their calorie intake is 1834 kcal. The food security index became 0.79 and the food insecure household fall short of required calorie intake by 18 percent. It has been found that about 55% respondents are living below the poverty line but the joining to the SSNP, their situation is improving. Finally, it can be said that the SSNPs are much effective and could be a successful poverty alleviation strategy for the Government of Bangladesh. Progressive Agriculture 30 (1): 75-85, 2019

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Sun, T., K. Tang, H. Cui, H. Zhu, and H. Fan. "Optically stimulated luminescence of α-Al2O3:C by the vertical gradient freezing (VGF) method." Journal of Luminescence 205 (January 2019): 568–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2018.10.014.

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Jin, Min, Jia Yue Xu, Qing Bo He, Yong Zheng Fang, Hui Shen, Zhan Yong Wang, and Guo Jian Jiang. "Growth of Undoped GaAs Single Crystal by Pulling-Down Method." Materials Science Forum 663-665 (November 2010): 1213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.663-665.1213.

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Undoped GaAs single crystal has been grown in PBN crucibles by the pulling-down method. The temperature profile of the furnace was optimized with a narrow melting zone and a small temperature gradient at the solid-liquid interface. Quartz ampoules were used to protect the evaporation of As during the growth and the deformation of the ampoule was discussed as a function of temperature, time and pressure differential. A Ø56 mm×70 mm GaAs crystal with nearly 100 % single crystalline yield was obtained. X-ray rocking curve analysis revealed the excellent crystalline quality. The average EPD and electrical properties of the crystal were tested comparable to those of the crystal produced by the VGF method. Therefore, the pulling down method was a feasible approach for GaAs crystal production.

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Dropka, Natasha, Stefan Ecklebe, and Martin Holena. "Real Time Predictions of VGF-GaAs Growth Dynamics by LSTM Neural Networks." Crystals 11, no. 2 (January 29, 2021): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11020138.

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The aim of this study was to assess the aptitude of the recurrent Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks for fast and accurate predictions of process dynamics in vertical-gradient-freeze growth of gallium arsenide crystals (VGF-GaAs) using datasets generated by numerical transient simulations. Real time predictions of the temperatures and solid–liquid interface position in GaAs are crucial for control applications and for process visualization, i.e., for generation of digital twins. In the reported study, an LSTM network was trained on 1950 datasets with 2 external inputs and 6 outputs. Based on network performance criteria and training results, LSTMs showed the very accurate predictions of the VGF-GaAs growth process with median root-mean-square-error (RMSE) values of 2 × 10−3. This deep learning method achieved a superior predictive accuracy and timeliness compared with more traditional Nonlinear AutoRegressive eXogenous (NARX) recurrent networks.

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Birkmann, B., M. Rasp, J. Stenzenberger, and G. Müller. "Growth of 3″ and 4″ gallium arsenide crystals by the vertical gradient freeze (VGF) method." Journal of Crystal Growth 211, no. 1-4 (April 2000): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-0248(99)00832-5.

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Ahmadi, Hamed, Afsaneh Barzi, Primo Lara, David I. Quinn, Eric A. Klein, Inderbir Gill, and Sarmad Sadeghi. "Impact of overall survival (OS) as a function of facility caseload on feasibility of referral of radical prostatectomy (RP) to higher volume facilities." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 6_suppl (February 20, 2020): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.6_suppl.363.

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363 Background: We recently reported a significant all-cause mortality (ACM) risk reduction associated with higher annual caseload for RP (PMID 31398279). Four volume groups (VG) were defined as VG1: <50th, VG2: 50th-74th, VG3: 75th-89th and VG4: top 10 percentile of caseload. The adjusted OS difference between VG1 and VG4 at 90th percentile survivorship reached 13.2 months, HR 1.30 (p<0.0001). Here we explore this economics of referral to VG4. Methods: Using a Markov model, we designed 4 scenarios (Sc) where 100,000 RPs were performed. In Sc 1 all RPs were performed at VG1; in Sc 2, 3 & 4, all RPs were performed at VG2, 3 &4 respectively. Subjects were followed for up to 20 years after RP. Survival and costs of care for each Sc were recorded. Probabilities of PSA recurrence (PSAR), development of metastatic disease (Met), cancer specific mortality (CSM) and ACM were adjusted for each VG according to the published HRs. Savings resulting from fewer recurrences, avoidance of salvage radiation therapy (SRT) and management of fewer Met were calculated. Standard discounting at 3% were applied to costs and benefits. Survival benefit and costs savings associated with making referrals from VG1, VG2, or VG3 centers to VG4 center were calculated. Using a willingness to pay (WTP) of $50K per life years gained (LYG), the maximum referral costs (MRC) were calculated. Results: Referral from a VG1 to a VG4 center was associated with highest OS benefit of 720 LYG at 20 years of follow up per 1000 referrals (PKR). Within a WTP of $50K, MRC of up to $37K was cost effective- Table. Conclusions: Given the survival benefit associated with performing RP at facility with high annual caseload, significant resources could be allocated to making a referral possible while still remaining within cost effectiveness boundaries.[Table: see text]

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Leenders, A., M. Ullrich, L. O. Kautschor, and H. C. Freyhardt. "High temperature deformation of vertical gradient freeze method melt-textured Y1Ba2Cu3O7−x." Journal of Materials Research 14, no. 2 (February 1999): 354–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1999.0052.

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The deformation behavior of melt-textured Y1Ba2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) prepared by the vertical gradient freeze (VGF) method was investigated by high temperature deformation experiments at temperatures ranging from 850 to 950 °C. The experiments were performed in an atmosphere of pure oxygen under uniaxial pressure with constant strain rates in the range from 1 × 10−5 to 5 − 10−4 s−1. An analysis of the dependence of the steady state flow stress on the strain rate and the deformation temperature reveals that the predominant deformation mechanism is dislocation glide and climb controlled by climb at Y-211 particles and that no significant grain boundary sliding occurs. Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy observations of deformed and undeformed samples support a deformation mechanism based on dislocation movement. The total fracture strain, however, does not depend on the temperature or strain rate. Scanning electron microscopy investigations of the fracture faces of samples deformed until fracture reveal that fracture does not occur within the Y-123 matrix but along platelet boundaries. An improvement of the fracture behavior is expected by introducing large Y-211 particles interconnecting neighboring platelets.

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Zade, Shanti Kiran, Suresh Babu V., and Sai Srinadh K.V. "Effect of nanoclay, glass fiber volume and orientation on tensile strength of epoxy-glass composite and optimization using Taguchi method." World Journal of Engineering 15, no. 2 (April 9, 2018): 312–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wje-08-2017-0286.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to manufacture test boards for re-enacting plant or field situations where vacuum chamber for expelling gas bubbles and autoclave equipment would not be accessible. This research focuses on the examination and enhancement of tensile strength for the nanocomposites consisting of uniaxial glass fiber mats, nanoclay (NC) and epoxy. Design/methodology/approach The parameters considered are the weight content of Cloisite 15A NC, the volume of glass fiber (Vgf) and the direction of glass fibers (θ). The composites are made by hand lay-up technique and tested according to ASTM D 638 standard. Taguchi L9 orthogonal array is used to design the experiments. Findings The results imply that the orientation of fibers exhibited high significance with a p-value of 0.001 for the upgrade of strength. NC percentage and the volume of fiber have a low effect as the p-values obtained were 0.375 and 0.294. Confirmation tests were performed at the optimal levels of parameters and the outcomes were in the permissible range of the anticipated values of S/N ratio and mean tensile strength. The negligible effect of nanoclay is due to the lack of infusion of resin into the d-spacing of clay layers due to the low configuration settings of mixing conditions which was confirmed by XRD studies. The negligible effect of glass fiber volume is due to the void content and lack of stress transfer between fibers uniformly due to the void content and improper mixing of nanoclay. Research limitations/implications The limitation of this study is that a low-speed mechanical stirrer was used to mix NC in the epoxy and the mixture was not subjected to vacuum and ultrasonication for degassing and deagglomeration. Practical implications These composites can be used as substitute materials in place of metallic parts in the aerospace and automobile sector. These composites can be used in civil structures instead of steel and concrete, which have low strength-to-weight ratio and where the requirement of strength is in the range of 60 to 390 MPa. Social implications The composites can be used in a variety of applications, for example, structural works, automotive panels and low-cost housing. Originality/value This research gives an idea about the combined contribution of NC, Vgf and “θ” to the improvement of tensile strength of the glass-epoxy composite.

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Kondo, Hiroki, Susumu Sakai, and Yasunori Okano. "Numerical study on the control of melt convection during crystal growth of the compound semiconductor and oxide by the VGF method." Proceedings of The Computational Mechanics Conference 2000.13 (2000): 687–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmecmd.2000.13.687.

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Cröll, Arne, and Martin P. Volz. "Detached Bridgman Growth—A Standard Crystal Growth Method with a New Twist." MRS Bulletin 34, no. 4 (April 2009): 245–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2009.74.

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AbstractBridgman or vertical gradient freeze (VGF) crystal growth processes have several advantages compared to other melt growth methods, especially the possibility to achieve a low level of thermal stress and low dislocation densities in the grown crystals. However, crystals grown in contact with a crucible usually suffer from mechanical stress during cooling, reducing the structural quality. The “detached” or “dewetted” Bridgman growth avoids this problem and has recently been investigated in more detail as a promising tool to improve crystal quality. Detached growth, where the crystal is separated from the crucible wall by a gap of 10–100 μm, was found originally in some microgravity experiments going back to 1975. Considerable improvements of crystal quality were reported for those cases; however, the reasons for the detachment were not fully understood. In the last 10–15 years, theoretical investigations as well as new experiments have shown beyond a doubt that detached growth can, in principle, be achieved in Earth's gravity with the same advantages that were demonstrated in the crystals grown under microgravity. It could be shown that the ability to achieve detachment depends on a complex interplay of the wetting of the melt with the crucible and the crystal as well as the pressure balance in the system, including the hydrostatic pressure, the gas pressure above the melt, and the pressure below the melt. It turns out that for stable detachment, only, specific combinations of meniscus shape, gap size, wetting angle, growth angle, and pressures work. The conditions that lead to detachment are thus highly specific for a given system.

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Kayton, Robert J., and Ranan Gulhan Aktas. "Ultrastructural Distribution of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor-Like Molecules in Peripheral Nerves." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, S2 (July 1998): 1102–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600025630.

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Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF) is a multifunctional polypeptide which has been shown to play a pivotal role in the survival and differentiation of nerve cells. Several trophic and non-trophic functions of this protein have been suggested in peripheral nerves. In spite of ample information about the distribution and effects of bFGF in central nervous system, few data are available concerning the localization of this protein in peripheral nerves. In view of the role of bFGF in regulation of trophic and non-trophic functions, we particularly focused on the presence and precise location of bFGF in peripheral nerves at the electron microscope level.Spurr's resin embedded ultrathin sections from adult rats’ sural nerves were labeled with either polyclonal (F3393-Sigma) or monoclonal antibodies (F6162-Sigma, C3316-Zymogenetics) specific for bFGF using two-step immunogold labeling method. Control samples were treated with either an equivalent volume of blocking solution (omitting the primary antibody) or an irrelevant antibody (Factor VIII, VGF, anti-histamine, anti-fibroblast 5B5).

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Sadeghi, Sarmad, Primo Lara, Denice D. Tsao-Wei, Monish Aron, Jacek K. Pinski, David I. Quinn, Inderbir Gill, and Afsaneh Barzi. "Influence of caseload on survival of patients (pts) with localized prostate cancer (PC) after definitive radiation therapy (DRT)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 6_suppl (February 20, 2020): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.6_suppl.357.

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357 Background: We recently reported a significant all-cause mortality risk reduction associated with higher annual caseload for radical prostatectomy (RP)- (PMID 31398279). Here we explore this relationship in DRT. Methods: National Cancer Database (NCDB) was used to investigate outcomes of DRT in the United States. Beam radiation (BR), radioactive implant (RI) and both (BRRI) were included in analysis. Using overall survival (OS) as primary outcome, the relationship between facility annual caseload (FAC) for all PC pts and facility annual caseload (FARC) for those requiring DRT were examined using Cox model. Four volume groups (VG) were defined as VG1: <50th, VG2: 50th-74th, VG3: 75th-89th and VG4: top 10 percentile of caseload. Results: Between 2004 and 2014, 355,247 pts underwent DRT. At a median follow up of 70.1 (95% CI: 1.0 - 143.1) months (mo), the median OS was 137.3 mo (136.9, 138.1). Using FAC/FARC, 19/14, 27/24, 24/26, and 30/37 % of pts were treated at VG 1 through 4, respectively. For FARC, median OS was 136.8 mo (134.9, 142.2+) for VG1 and 139.7 (137.7, 141.8+) mo for VG4, adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.06 (1.03-1.09), p <0.001. For FAC, median OS was 135.4 (134.1, 138.7) mo for VG1 and not reached for VG4, aHR 1.13 (1.09, 1.16), p <0.001. In subgroups, FARC aHR for VG1 vs VG4 were 1.20 (1.16-1.25) for BR, 0.99 (0.93-1.05) for RI, and 1.15 (1.02-1.31) for BRRI. These numbers for FAC were 1.10 (1.06, 1.14), 1.12 (1.05, 1.19), and 1.24 (1.12, 1.39), respectively. Conclusions: There is a statistically significant OS advantage to DRT at a high annual caseload facility. This effect is more pronounced for BR and is influenced more noticeably by facility all PC caseload rather than DRT.[Table: see text]

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Marchenko, Marina P., Weiguo Liu, M. Hani Badawi, and Phil Yin. "The influence of the scatter of heat flux at the m/c interface on the frequency of appearance of poly body and twin defects during 6″ semi-insulating GaAs crystal growth by the VGF method." Journal of Crystal Growth 310, no. 7-9 (April 2008): 2134–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2007.11.146.

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Zhang, Chuanyi, and Idoia Ochoa. "VEF: a variant filtering tool based on ensemble methods." Bioinformatics 36, no. 8 (December 24, 2019): 2328–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btz952.

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Abstract Motivation Variants identified by current genomic analysis pipelines contain many incorrectly called variants. These can be potentially eliminated by applying state-of-the-art filtering tools, such as Variant Quality Score Recalibration (VQSR) or Hard Filtering (HF). However, these methods are very user-dependent and fail to run in some cases. We propose VEF, a variant filtering tool based on decision tree ensemble methods that overcomes the main drawbacks of VQSR and HF. Contrary to these methods, we treat filtering as a supervised learning problem, using variant call data with known ‘true’ variants, i.e. gold standard, for training. Once trained, VEF can be directly applied to filter the variants contained in a given Variants Call Format (VCF) file (we consider training and testing VCF files generated with the same tools, as we assume they will share feature characteristics). Results For the analysis, we used whole genome sequencing (WGS) Human datasets for which the gold standards are available. We show on these data that the proposed filtering tool VEF consistently outperforms VQSR and HF. In addition, we show that VEF generalizes well even when some features have missing values, when the training and testing datasets differ in coverage, and when sequencing pipelines other than GATK are used. Finally, since the training needs to be performed only once, there is a significant saving in running time when compared with VQSR (4 versus 50 min approximately for filtering the single nucleotide polymorphisms of a WGS Human sample). Availability and Implementation Code and scripts available at: github.com/ChuanyiZ/vef. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

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Zhu, Hongtao, Zhiwei Zeng, Hongliu Zeng, and Changgui Xu. "3D seismic data attribute-based characterization of volcanic reservoirs in the BZ34-9 Block, Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China." GEOPHYSICS 85, no. 3 (April 1, 2020): IM1—IM13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2019-0049.1.

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Volcanic effusive facies (VEF) and volcanic conduit facies (VCF) are two important facies units that can be found in a volcanic reservoir or edifice. Because VEF and VCF generally exhibit opposing seismic reflection characteristics, few studies have been applied to simultaneous characterization of the two facies in seismic data. We have developed an integrated 3D seismic data attribute-based characterization technique of VEF and VCF in the BZ34-9 Block, Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China. Our method is based mainly on the 3D visualization of a thresholding display so as to separately describe the strong-amplitude reflection of the VEF with its original amplitude attribute and the weak-amplitude chaotic reflection of the VCF with its variance-cube attribute. The detailed workflow comprises four steps, including seismic facies analysis, characterization of the VEF, characterization of the VCF, and merging a display of the two volcanic-facies units. The resulting 3D image of the different volcanic facies described in the BZ34-9 Block should be able to be viewed from any perspective for a better understanding of the related genesis mechanisms of the first and second members of the Shahejie (Es12) and Dongying Formations (Ed). In total, 28 volcanic edifices have been identified on the basis of the proposed method, among which three volcanic edifices exhibited inherited eruptions, in the Es12 and the Ed. Volcanic edifices in the Es12 are distributed locally in the central part of the BZ34-9 Block, showing a central eruption style, whereas those of the Ed are characterized by a widespread distribution in the southern gentle slope of the BZ34-9 Block, revealing a composite, center-fissure eruption style. The approach should be convenient to operate and would be effective in characterizing different volcanic facies simultaneously. This application can serve as a useful reference for other basins or regions with obvious volcanic influence.

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van Steenoven, Inger, Barbara Noli, Cristina Cocco, Gian-Luca Ferri, Patrick Oeckl, Markus Otto, Marleen J. A. Koel-Simmelink, et al. "VGF Peptides in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Dementia with Lewy Bodies." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 19 (September 20, 2019): 4674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20194674.

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In a previous proteomic study, we identified the neurosecretory protein VGF (VGF) as a potential biomarker for dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Here, we extended the study of VGF by comparing levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 44 DLB patients, 20 Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients, and 22 cognitively normal controls selected from the Amsterdam Dementia Cohort. CSF was analyzed using two orthogonal analytical methods: (1) In-house-developed quantitative ELISA and (2) selected reaction monitoring (SRM). We further addressed associations of VGF with other CSF biomarkers and cognition. VGF levels were lower in CSF from patients with DLB compared to either AD patients or controls. VGF was positively correlated with CSF tau and α-synuclein (0.55 < r < 0.75), but not with Aβ1-42. In DLB patients, low VGF levels were related to a more advanced cognitive decline at time of first presentation, whereas high levels of VGF were associated with steeper subsequent longitudinal cognitive decline. Hence, CSF VGF levels were lower in DLB compared to both AD and controls across different analytical methods. The strong associations with cognitive decline further points out VGF as a possible disease stage or prognostic marker for DLB.

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Baitsar, Andriy. "Landscape method of timberline studies." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 48 (December 23, 2014): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2014.48.1303.

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Analyzed and generalized is a short historiography of the problem. Considered scientific approaches in the study of the forest timber-line. Showed the benefits of landscape approach in the study of the forest timber-line. The leading role is given to factors lithogenic group due to their stability and inertness. In most cases, geological structure and topography influence on the formation of the forest timber-line satisfactory, affecting the nature and speed of the wind, the temperature increase of the show up, insolation, flow regime of surface and groundwater, etc. Highlighted two types and subtypes offorest timber-line in the Ukrainian Carpathians. Key words: forest timber- line (TL), polonynas, highland.

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Malska, M. "Analysis of main methods computer science and travel services." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography 2, no. 43 (October 19, 2013): 229–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2013.43.1717.

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We consider the current general scientific and special methods used in research accommodation travel services. In particular, the system of mathematical-statistical methods and techniques. Through analysis the main factors of space system services. Described cartographic methods spatial system services. Keywords: method, travel services, tourism, social and geographical research, space system services.

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Mkrtchian, Oleksandr. "Automatic landscape-ecological regionalization by the application of clustering and segmentation." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 47 (November 27, 2014): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2014.47.950.

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The paper deals with the principles and methods of automatic landscape-ecological regionalization by the clusterization and segmentation methods. The employment of ecological morphometric indices as criteria for clusterization and segmentation has been justified. The method of the quantification of spatial dependencies between typological and regional spatial units based on information theory has been suggested. Key words: regionalization, clusterization, segmentation.

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Ilchyshyn, Yaroslav. "Results of research of ecological condition of water quality of headwaters of Prut river by bioindication method." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 41 (September 17, 2013): 170–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2013.41.1945.

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Specifics of the watercourses research in Ukrainian Carpathian Mountains is in developing and using the most appropriate research methods. This will objectively and comprehensively assess the quality situation of water objects. Were reviewed and analyzed different methodological aspects of water quality researching. The use of bioindication methods that are an integral and necessary part of researching the current situations and changes in water (river) ecosystems of mountain regions is substantiated. The methods were used in long-term and comprehensive research of river Prut and the article represents a summary of the results. Argumentation of using this bioindication method in an integrated research of mountain rivers of the Ukrainian Carpathian Mountains is given. Key words: bioindication, monitoring, water quality, ecosystems, research methods, indices of quality.

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Leonova, Svitlana, and Olena Nikipelova. "Score as a method for studying the recreational potential." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 41 (September 17, 2013): 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2013.41.1948.

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This paper reviews the literature on existing approaches to the study of the recreational potential by scoring. It is recommended to apply this method to determine the criteria for evaluating natural areas of resorts of Ukraine concerning their future status. Key words: recreation potential, recreational resources, numerical score, natural area resorts.

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Mondal, Subhajit, Sayantan Santra, Md Nasim Ali, Syamsunder Mandal, Ramanuj Mukherjee, Anjan Adhikari, and Amitava Chatterjee. "Salivary VEGF - A Potential Breast Cancer Marker." Cancer and Clinical Oncology 7, no. 2 (August 6, 2018): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/cco.v7n2p11.

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Aims: To identify and estimate salivary VEGF of breast cancer patients using non invasive method. Methods: ELISA, Zymography, Immunoblot. Results: We observed that saliva of breast cancer patients express appreciably high VEGF compare to non breast cancer saliva samples. Conclusion: The findings indicate salivary VEGF as a potential breast cancer marker using non invasive method.

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Forati, Amir Masoud, and Farid Karimipour. "A VGI Quality Assessment Method for VGI based on Trustworthiness." GI_Forum 4, no. 1 (2016): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/giscience2016_01_s3.

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So, Sangdon, Arnoldo Valle-Levinson, Jorge Armando Laurel-Castillo, Junyong Ahn, and Mohammad Al-Khaldi. "Removing Wave Bias from Velocity Measurements for Tracer Transport: The Harmonic Analysis Approach." Water 12, no. 4 (April 16, 2020): 1138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12041138.

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Estimates of turbulence properties with Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) measurements can be muddled by the influence of wave orbital velocities. Previous methods—Variance Fit, Vertical Adaptive Filtering (VAF), and Cospectra Fit (CF)—have tried to eliminate wave-induced contamination. However, those methods may not perform well in relatively energetic surface gravity wave or internal wave conditions. The Harmonic Analysis (HA) method proposed here uses power spectral density to identify waves and least squares fits to reconstruct the identified wave signals in current velocity measurements. Then, those reconstructed wave signals are eliminated from the original measurements. Datasets from the northeastern Gulf of Mexico and Cape Canaveral, Florida, are used to test this approach and compare it with the VAF method. Reynolds stress estimates from the HA method agree with the VAF method in the lower half of the water column because wave energy decays with depth. The HA method performs better than the VAF method near the surface during pulses of increased surface gravity wave energy.

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Park, II-Ryong, Kwang-Soo Kim, Jin Kim, and Suak-Ho Van. "Numerical Simulation of Free Surface Flow Using a Refined HRIC VOF Method." Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea 47, no. 3 (June 20, 2010): 279–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3744/snak.2010.47.3.279.

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Santos, T. C., P. C. Papa, V. Dantzer, and M. A. Miglino. "200 IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION OF VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR AND ITS RECEPTORS, Flt-1 AND KDR, IN THE COLLARED PECCARY (TAYASSU TAJACU) PLACENTA." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 17, no. 2 (2005): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv17n2ab200.

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Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a well-known angiogenic growth factor, which has previously been localized in epitheliochorial, endotheliochorial, and hemochorial placenta types. The present study was undertaken to study the localization of VEGF and its ligands during gestation in the placenta of the Tayassu tajacu (collared peccary), which belong to the Family Tayassuidae, the super family Suoidea, and the order Artiodactyla. The 90-cm long, 30-kg collared peccary is the smallest peccary and it has a white collar around the neck. The animals are very well adapted in all Brazilian territory reproducing during all seasons of the year; it has a gestational period of 144–148 days. The placenta is diffuse and mutually folded with areola-gland subunits for absorption of uterine gland secretions. In the peccary placenta the interhemal barrier is epitheliochorial and it is andeciduated. In the present study, the VEGF and its receptors VGFR-1 and VGFR-2 or Flt-1 and KDR, respectively were immunolocalized in the epitheliochorial collared peccary placenta. The animals were obtained from Sao Pedro Farm, Sao Paulo (Brazil) and from CEMAS, Rio Grande do Norte (Brazil). Six placentae of pregnant collared peccary (60, 90, and 110 days gestation) were prepared for immunohistochemistry by routine methods. VEGF, Flt-1, and KDR exhibited intense staining in the uterine epithelium, uterine glandular epithelium, and trophoblast. The endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells of the vessels in maternal and fetal compartments were also immunoreactive. In the pig placenta the VEGF-ligand-receptor system participates in placental regulations, and we have shown here that these factors occur in peccary placenta in a similar or comparable way. This work was supported by BIOTA FAPESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

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KASAI, Hideo. "A Survey of Liniament by VLF - EM method." Geoinformatics 10, no. 2 (1999): 80–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.6010/geoinformatics1990.10.2_80.

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Gamal el Din, Amina A., Reham Sh E. Esmail, and Amal A. Hareedy. "Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Colonic Cancer, Ulcerative Colitis and Colonic Adenoma: An Immunohistochemical Study." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 2, no. 3 (September 15, 2014): 439–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2014.075.

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BACKGROUND: Colon cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Colonic adenoma and ulcerative colitis (UC) are important precancerous lesions. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is a well-known pro-angiogenic factor plays important role in physiologic and pathologic conditions and in neovascularization in cancer and hence becomes a potential target for anti-angiogenic cancer therapy.AIM: This study investigated VEGF immunohistochemical expression in colon cancer and its precancerous lesions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Paraffin blocks from two hospitals were collected in a year: Colon cancer: 20 cases, colonic adenoma: 15 cases, UC: 15 cases and 5 controls from normal mucosa. VEGF was assessed immunohistochemically using a primary anti-VEGF antibody (VG1, Dako, Denemark).RESULTS: Median age was 49 years (range 31-52) in cancer, 40 years (range 31-52) in adenomas and 33 years (range 27-43) in UC. VEGF expression was negative in control, significantly strongly positive in 90% of colonic adenocarcinoma (p= 0.001), significantly positive in adenomas (p= 0.002) - the weak positivity significantly seen in mild dysplasia (p= 0.001) - and significantly positive in 73.3% of UC cases (p=0.022).CONCLUSION: The significant increase in positivity of VEGF in precancerous to cancerous lesions may point to its potential role in the pathogenesis and progression of colonic neoplasia.

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Honarparvar, Sepehr, Mohammad Reza Malek, Sara Saeedi, and Steve Liang. "Towards Development of a Real-Time Point Feature Quality Assessment Method for Volunteered Geographic Information Using the Internet of Things." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 3 (March 10, 2021): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10030151.

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One of the most important challenges of volunteered geographic information (VGI) is the quality assessment. Existing methods of VGI quality assessment, either assess the quality by comparing a reference map with the VGI map or deriving the quality from the metadata. The first approach does not work for a real-time scenario and the latter delivers approximate values of the quality. Internet of Things (IoT) networks provide real-time observations for environment monitoring. Moreover, they publish more precise information than VGI. This paper introduces a method to assess the quality of VGI in real-time using IoT observations. The proposed method filters sensor observation outliers in the first step. Then it matches sensors and volunteers’ relationships in terms of location, time, and measurement type similarity using a hypergraph model. Then the quality of matched data is assessed by calculating positional and attribute accuracy. To evaluate the method, VGI data of the water level and quality in Tarashk–Bakhtegan–Maharlou water basin is studied. A VGI quality map of the data is assessed by a referenced authoritative map. The output of this step is a VGI quality map, which was used as a reference to check the proposed method quality. Then this reference VGI quality map and the proposed method VGI quality map are compared to assess positional and attribute accuracy. Results demonstrated that 76% of the method results have less than 20 m positional error (i.e., difference with the reference VGI quality map). Additionally, more than 92% of the proposed method VGI data have higher than 90% attribute accuracy in terms of similarity with the reference VGI quality map. These findings support the notion that the proposed method can be used to assess VGI quality in real-time.

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Kim, Sujeong, and Soojong Kim. "A Study on Internal Ballistic Analysis of Solid Rocket Motor Using VOF Method." Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers 21, no. 3 (June 1, 2017): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.6108/kspe.2017.21.3.061.

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Baitsar, A. "Theoretical basis of the method of landscape of the forest timber-line." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 46 (December 26, 2013): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2013.46.1362.

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Radzii, Volodymyr. "Modern methods of grain size distribution of soils." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 44 (November 28, 2013): 302–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2013.44.1236.

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Grain size distribution of soil determines much of water and physical properties of the soil mass. However, it defines ecological functions and morphological memory of soils in the study of their genesis, evolution and use. This article describes the main methods of particle size analysis and suggests the modern methods used increasingly in the research in soil science, geology, chemical, pharmaceutical and other industries. Key words: particle size distribution of soil, sedimentograph, laser diffraction.

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Putrenko, V., and V. Tyhohod. "Cluster analyzes for spatial modelling in Geographic information systems." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 46 (December 26, 2013): 312–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2013.46.1497.

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The problems of mathematical analysis of geographic information with using the procedure of cluster analysis were considered. A software module for various types of cluster analysis of geographical objects and the automated construction of thematic maps was programmed in ArcGIS. Based on the data about accumulation of waste in the regions of Ukraine method of cluster analysis using the geographical coordinates of the centroids of objects to take into account their position in content classification was tested. The results of cluster analysis identified groups of regions of Ukraine with similar indicators for waste management and the potential hazards to the environment. Key words: mathematical methods, cluster analysis, GIS, waste management.

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Ganzha, Dmytro, and Ryta Ganzha. "Dusty atmospheric sediments of cold season of the year in Ivano-Frankivsk region." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 47 (November 23, 2014): 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2014.47.818.

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Physical properties of dusty sediment on snow cover in the Forecarpathian region were studied. Analysis of the suspension of atmospheric dust in melted snow was conducted by nephelometry method. The evaluation of the properties of the dust was carried out by the sedimentation dynamics of the particles of suspension in melted snow. The data were processed by methods of correlation, regression, variance, ecological and geochemical analyses. It was established that 12 % of surveyed area are in a regional natural background, more than a third is in a man-made pollution, a half is in a manmade background. Key words: atmospheric air dust, environmental monitoring, observation of snow, man-made pollution.

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Mkrtchian, A., and P. Shuber. "A method for geospatial modeling and mapping of climatic characteristics from meteostation observation data." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 39 (December 15, 2011): 245–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2011.39.2185.

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In the paper the fundamentals of the method of geospatial modeling of climatic fields based on multiple regression analysis and geostatistics are given. This method is promising as a tool for the optimization and formalization of the climatic mapping techniques and the improvement of the precision and reliability of climatic maps. Key words: geospatial modeling, climatic characteristics, land-surface parameters, geostatistical interpolation.

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SinghVaisla, Kunwar, Menka Goswami, and Ajit Singh. "VGS Algorithm - An Efficient Deadlock Resolution Method." International Journal of Computer Applications 44, no. 1 (April 30, 2012): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/6230-8310.

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Le Goff, Maxime, Bernard Henry, and Lucien Daly. "Practical method for drawing a VGP path." Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 70, no. 3-4 (March 1992): 201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9201(92)90183-v.

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Wartecka-Ważyńska, A. "Professional competencies of employees in tourism sector." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography 2, no. 43 (October 19, 2013): 346–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2013.43.1738.

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Universities of physical education train specialists at the study majors of physical education, physical therapy, tourism and recreation, sport etc. The graduates from these universities are prepared to work in the education sector, sports club, health centres, travel agencies, hotels etc. Throughout the university course, they acquire a number of professional competencies. The paper emphasizes the professional competencies of the graduates from tourism and recreation courses which are used in the labour market. Material and Methods. The study covered 229 graduates from the University School of Physical Education in Poznań, Poland, including 101 people from tourism and recreation study major. The study was carried out within the time frame of 2007-2010. The study used a statistical method and the method of opinion poll using an internet survey. Furthermore, the author carried out a literature survey and used the results of her own observations and experience connected with teaching students at the University School of Physical Education in Poznań at the Faculty of Tourism and Recreation. Results. The study demonstrated that the graduates from the study major of tourism and recreation appreciated their practical and professional preparation very high, including preparation for managing people. Conclusions. The respondents who graduated from the University School of Physical Education in Poznań at the study major of tourism and education answered that they have suitable qualifications and professional competencies for working in the tourism sector i.e. in travel agencies, hotels and tourist information centres. Keywords: graduates, competencies, employment, labour market.

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Boicachov, P. V., А. А. Yerzhan, I. А. Dubovik, V. О. Isaev, and А. А. Sutko. "Method of synthesis of adaptive matching devices for broadband uhf/vhf antennas." Vestnik KazNRTU 143, no. 1 (2021): 180–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.51301/vest.su.2021.v143.i1.24.

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Fedotikov, Mykola, and Taras Yamelynets. "The elementary soil areas of the Mykolaiv-Horodok Opillia." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 50 (December 28, 2016): 386–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2016.50.8727.

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During the investigation of soil structure of Mykoliv-Horodok Opillia we used the methods of detection (natural-cartometric, relief sculpture, quality-genetic) and interpretation (statistical cartometric, functional and analytical) of the soil structure. To characterize elementary soil areas of the key area the natural-cartometric method was used, it makes it possible to determine the parameters of the soil structure and obtain quantitative indicators for the key elementary soil areas (ESA) parameters, which are elementary soil areas composition and area ratio, complexity, fractionality, breakdown, heterogeneity and contrast range. The article presents results of a study of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of elementary soil areas of the Mykolaiv-Horodok Opillia. The degree of variability of ESA areas was identified and analysed with coefficient of the differentiation of the soil outlines and methods of variation statistics. Form, degree of tortuosity and elongation of area limits using the coefficient of the dismemberment were studied. The character of outlines of elementary soil areas within the area of research was investigated. The basic features of ESA borders depending on various environmental factors are identified. Certain laws of changing of the basic parameters of elementary soil areas, which form the soil structure of Mykolaiv-Horodok Opillia were traced. Key words: elementary soil area, structure of the soil cover, coefficient of variability of soil outlines, coefficient of the differentiation of the soil outlines, coefficient of the dismemberment of the soil boundaries.

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Yamelynets, Taras, and Mykola Fedotikov. "The soil cover structure and elementary soil areas of the Opillia." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 51 (December 27, 2017): 390–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2017.51.8905.

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For studying the soil cover structure of Opillia region, we used methods for the identification (natural-cartometric, relief sculpture, quality-genetic) and interpretation (statistical cartometric, functional and analytical) of the soil cover structure. The natural-cartometric method was used to characterize elementary soil areas of the key area, what makes it possible to determine the parameters of the soil structure and obtain quantitative indicators for the key elementary soil areas parameters, which are: elementary soil areas composition and area ratio, complexity, fractionality, breakdown, contrast ratio and heterogeneity. This article is devoted to the study results of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of elementary soil areas of the Opillia within Khodorivsko-Buchatskyi region, hereinafter Khodorivsko- Buchatske Opillia. With coefficient of the differentiation of the soil outlines and methods of variation statistics were identified and analyzed the degree of variability ESA areas. The degree of tortuosity and elongation of area limits using the coefficient of the dismemberment were studied. Investigated the character of outlines of elementary soil areals within the area of research. Identified the basic features of ESA borders depending on various environmental factors. The certain laws of changing of the basic parameters of elementary soil areas, which form the soil structure of Khodorivsko- Buchatske Opillia were determined and described in the article. Key words: elemental soil areal (ESA), soil structure (SS), coefficient of the differentiation of the soil outlines (CDSO), coefficient of dismemberment (CD), coefficient of variability (CV).

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E.I., Borzenko, and Hegaj E.I. "NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE RESERVOIR FILLING WITH A NEWTONIAN FLUID USING THE VOF-METHOD." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Matematika i mekhanika, no. 60 (August 1, 2019): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/19988621/60/6.

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Gacevic, Milomir, Milena Jovic, Lidija Zolotarevski, Ivan Stanojevic, Marijan Novakovic, Karolina Miller, Vesna Suljagic, Zeljko Mijuskovic, and Danilo Vojvodic. "Association of vascular endothelial growth factor expression with patohistological parameters of cutaneous melanoma." Vojnosanitetski pregled 73, no. 5 (2016): 449–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp140804027g.

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Background/Aim. Melanoma is the most aggresive malignant tumor of the skin. Contradictory data was published on vascular endothelial growth factor (VGEF) in tumor samples and its role in skin melanoma progression and prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the significance of VEGF expression as a prognostic parameter in melanoma. Methods. The experimental group included 81 patients with primary skin melanomas treated from 2009 to 2013 at the Military Medical Academy, Belgrade. The control group included 20 patients with dysplastic and 20 with benign naevi. Stratification was done according to gender, age, clinical and patological stage, localization, histologic type, Clark?s, Breslow, mitotic count, regression and ulceration, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and metastatic spread. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on skin biopsies using DAKO anti-VEGF antibodies (Ab), LSABTM +HRP, Dand microvawe antigen (Ag) retrieval in DAKO pH 9.0 solution. For statistical data analysis was done with ANOVA, Bonferroni, Mann Whitney and Wilcoxon test. Results. The mean intensity of VEGF staining was statistically significantly higher in melanomas than in benign or dysplastic naevi. Furthermore, the highest recorded values were in Ia and IV clinical stages. The majority of melanomas with high intensity of VEGF staining were in pT1a pathological stage. Melanomas with the highest mitotic count (> 6) had a significantly higher intensity of VEGF staining than those with < 2 mitoses. The higest intensity of staining was in melanomas without significant lymphocytic infiltrate and the lowest was in those with brisk lymphocytic infiltrate, thus a statistical difference was siginifant. The mean intensity of VEGF staining was highest in melanomas with lymphovascular invasion. There was no statistically significant difference between VEGF and any other parameter. Conclusion. VEGF in primary skin melanomas plays an important role in tumor progression and is linked to the absence if tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and the presence of lymphovascular invasion. More detailed studies have to be done on VEGF prognostic value in melanoma on a larger number of patients.

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Park, Soo-Hyeon, and Byoung Jae Kim. "Comparative Study of Two-Fluid and VOF Methods for Sloshing Flows." Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers - B 44, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): 711–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3795/ksme-b.2020.44.12.711.

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Spencer, Andrew, John Catalano, Andrew Grigg, Michael Leahy, Craig Underhill, Vinod Ganju, and Christopher Arthur. "A Stratified Risk-Adapted Approach to Lymphoma Salvage in an Outpatient Setting." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 4597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.4597.4597.

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Abstract Aims: Interim analysis of the safety and efficacy of a risk-adjusted approach to lymphoma salvage therapy. Methods: Patients were stratified - Group 1 (G1) (good risk - first relapse following durable CR1); Group 2 (G2) (poor risk - primary refractory, >1 relapse, or non-durable CR1); or Group 3 (G3) (relapse post-ASCT). Two regimens were evaluated: VGF (vinorelbine 25mg/sqm days 1 and 8, gemcitabine 1000mg/sqm days 1 and 8, pegfilgrastim 6mg SC day 9) (G1/3) and F-GIV (VGF plus ifosfamide 3000mg/sqm day 1) (G2). Following 2 cycles all patients were re-staged. Responsive patients (>50% reduction in disease and functional imaging negative) received 2 further cycles of the same therapy, the remainder ‘escalated’ therapy to F-GIV (G1/3) or IVAC (G2) (inpatient ifosfamide, VP-16 and Ara-C). Results: 45 of a planned 90 patients, median age 56 years, are evaluable (G1 = 16, G2 = 23, G3 = 6). Diagnoses were Hodgkin’s lymphoma n = 9 and NHL, n = 36 (DLC = 24, follicular = 6, others = 6). To date G1 and G2 have received 127 cycles of VGF or F-GIV, with grades 3/4 neutropenia or thrombocytopenia in 31% and 17% (VGF) and 74% and 78% (F-GIV) of patients, respectively. Febrile neutropenia, admission, treatment delay or dose-reductions occurred with 13%, 28%, 12%, 6% of cycles, respectively. Based on ITT the ORR is 59% (CR 33%). Conclusion: VGF and F-GIV can be safely administered on an outpatient basis and show significant activity against advanced lymphoma.

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Kucharski, Rafał, and Arkadiusz Drabicki. "Estimating Macroscopic Volume Delay Functions with the Traffic Density Derived from Measured Speeds and Flows." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4629792.

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This paper proposes a new method to estimate the macroscopic volume delay function (VDF) from the point speed-flow measures. Contrary to typical VDF estimation methods it allows estimating speeds also for hypercritical traffic conditions, when both speeds and flow drop due to congestion (high density of traffic flow). We employ the well-known hydrodynamic relation of fundamental diagram to derive the so-called quasi-density from measured time-mean speeds and flows. This allows formulating the VDF estimation problem with a speed being monotonically decreasing function of quasi-density with a shape resembling the typical VDF like BPR. This way we can use the actually observed speeds and propose the macroscopic VDF realistically reproducing actual speeds also for hypercritical conditions. The proposed method is illustrated with half-year measurements from the induction loop system in city of Warsaw, which measured traffic flows and instantaneous speeds of over 5 million vehicles. Although the proposed method does not overcome the fundamental limitations of static macroscopic traffic models, which cannot represent dynamic traffic phenomena like queue, spillback, wave propagation, capacity drop, and so forth, we managed to improve the VDF goodness-of-fit fromR2of 27% to 72% most importantly also for hypercritical conditions. Thanks to this traffic congestion in macroscopic traffic models can be reproduced more realistically in line with empirical observations.

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Nakayama, Noboru, M. Horita, H. Miki, T. Takagi, and H. Takeishi. "Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Carbon Nanofiber Dispersed Ti Composite Formed by Compression Shearing Method at Room Temperature." Materials Science Forum 783-786 (May 2014): 2485–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.783-786.2485.

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The materials used for fuel cell separators require a bending strength of more than 70 MPa. Therefore, the contact resistance is required to be 10 mΩ∙cm2, respectively. In the present study, vapor grown carbon nanofibers (VGCF) were added to Ti composite using the compression shearing method at room temperature. The mechanical properties of the compacted powder were then measured. The microstructure of the Ti/VGCF composite material was Ti with dispersed VGCF (not alloyed). In addition, the bending strength of all Ti/VGCF composites was more than 800 MPa, and the bending strength of 0-1 vol% VGCF composites was twice as much as that for Ti rolled material (ASTM grade 2). Ti/VGCF thin plates also exhibited excellent electrical property. The contact resistance of 5 vol% VGCF was found to be three times smaller than that of Ti rolled material. These properties make the Ti/VGCF composite material suitable as a separator material.

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Gang, W., F. Luo, G. L. Li, J. Cheng, and X. Shi. "The expression of P-gp, Bcl-2 and VEGF in epithelial ovarian carcinoma and their significance." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 16075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.16075.

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16075 Background: To investigate the expression of P - gp,Bcl-2 and VEGF in epithelial ovarian carcinoma as well as their significance. Methods: Expression of P- gp,Bcl-2 and VEGF were examined in 72 epithelial ovarian carcinoma by immunohistochemisty (method of S - P) . Results: The positive expressions of P - gp,Bcl-2 and VEGF in patients with ovarian carcinoma were 51.4%,54.2%,56.9% respectively .Compared with those in ovarian benign tumors and normal controls, such expression level were significantly higher ( P < 0.05). The expression of P - gp was positively correlated with the expression of VEGF( P <0. 05) while the expression of VEGF was positively correlated with the expression of Bcl-2 ( P <0. 05). Univariate analysis showed worse disease-free survival in the patients with positive expression of P-gp or VEGF than in those with negative expression of P -gp or VEGF( P < 0. 05). Multivariate analysis of clinical and pathological data by Cox-regression method showed that the expression of P - gp or VEGF and co- expression of these three indexes were correlated with poor prognosis. Conclusions: Over-expression of P - gp,Bcl-2 and VEGF is correlated with drug resistance of clinical chemotherapy and survival rate in ovarian cancer . To examine these 3 indexes in ovarian cancer is helpful to evaluate response to clinical chemotherapy as well as to predict the prognosis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Journal articles on the topic 'VGF method'

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