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Journal articles on the topic 'Via-nitrite processes'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 March 2023

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1

Barat, R., J. Serralta, M. V. Ruano, et al. "Biological Nutrient Removal Model No. 2 (BNRM2): a general model for wastewater treatment plants." Water Science and Technology 67, no. 7 (2013): 1481–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.004.

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This paper presents the plant-wide model Biological Nutrient Removal Model No. 2 (BNRM2). Since nitrite was not considered in the BNRM1, and this previous model also failed to accurately simulate the anaerobic digestion because precipitation processes were not considered, an extension of BNRM1 has been developed. This extension comprises all the components and processes required to simulate nitrogen removal via nitrite and the formation of the solids most likely to precipitate in anaerobic digesters. The solids considered in BNRM2 are: struvite, amorphous calcium phosphate, hidroxyapatite, new

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2

Pijuan, M., L. Ye, and Z. Yuan. "Could nitrite/free nitrous acid favour GAOs over PAOs in enhanced biological phosphorus removal systems?" Water Science and Technology 63, no. 2 (2011): 345–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.062.

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Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) normally occurs together with nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). In recent years, efforts have been devoted to remove nitrogen via the nitrite pathway (oxidation of ammonia to nitrite and reduction of nitrite to nitrogen gas without going through nitrate), reducing the requirement for carbon and oxygen in the plant. However nitrite and free nitrous acid (FNA), the protonated species of nitrite, have been shown to cause EBPR deterioration under certain concentrations. This study provides a direct comparison between the differen

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3

Pambrun, V., E. Paul, and M. Spérandio. "Treatment of nitrogen and phosphorus in highly concentrated effluent in SBR and SBBR processes." Water Science and Technology 50, no. 6 (2004): 269–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0385.

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Various sludge treatment processes produced supernatant with high ammonia concentration from 500 to 2,000 mgN/L and generally high phosphate concentration. Conversion of ammonia into nitrite via partial nitrification has proven to be an economic way, reducing oxygen and external COD requirements during the nitrification/denitrification process. Two processes with biomass retention are studied simultaneously: the sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and the sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR). At a temperature of 30°C, the inhibition of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria due to high ammonia concentration

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4

Guieysse, B., M. Plouviez, M. Coilhac, and L. Cazali. "Nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) production in axenic <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> cultures: evidence, putative pathways, and potential environmental impacts." Biogeosciences Discussions 10, no. 6 (2013): 9739–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-10-9739-2013.

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Abstract. Using antibiotic assays and genomic analysis, this study demonstrates nitrous oxide (N2O) is generated from axenic C. vulgaris cultures. In batch assays, this production is magnified under conditions favoring intracellular nitrite accumulation, but repressed when nitrate reductase (NR) activity is inhibited. These observations suggest N2O formation in C. vulgaris might proceed via NR-mediated nitrite reduction into nitric oxide (NO) acting as N2O precursor via a pathway similar to N2O formation in bacterial denitrifiers, although NO reduction to N2O under oxia remains unproven in pla

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5

Bristow, Laura A., Tage Dalsgaard, Laura Tiano, et al. "Ammonium and nitrite oxidation at nanomolar oxygen concentrations in oxygen minimum zone waters." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 38 (2016): 10601–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1600359113.

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A major percentage of fixed nitrogen (N) loss in the oceans occurs within nitrite-rich oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) via denitrification and anammox. It remains unclear to what extent ammonium and nitrite oxidation co-occur, either supplying or competing for substrates involved in nitrogen loss in the OMZ core. Assessment of the oxygen (O2) sensitivity of these processes down to the O2concentrations present in the OMZ core (<10 nmol⋅L−1) is therefore essential for understanding and modeling nitrogen loss in OMZs. We determined rates of ammonium and nitrite oxidation in the seasonal OMZ off Co

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6

Caballero, Antonio, Abraham Esteve-Núñez, Gerben J. Zylstra, and Juan L. Ramos. "Assimilation of Nitrogen from Nitrite and Trinitrotoluene in Pseudomonas putida JLR11." Journal of Bacteriology 187, no. 1 (2005): 396–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.187.1.396-399.2005.

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ABSTRACT Pseudomonas putida JLR11 releases nitrogen from the 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) ring as nitrite or ammonium. These processes can occur simultaneously, as shown by the observation that a nasB mutant impaired in the reduction of nitrite to ammonium grew at a slower rate than the parental strain. Nitrogen from TNT is assimilated via the glutamine syntethase-glutamate synthase (GS-GOGAT) pathway, as evidenced by the inability of GOGAT mutants to use TNT. This pathway is also used to assimilate ammonium from reduced nitrate and nitrite. Three mutants that had insertions in ntrC, nasT, and

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7

Guieysse, B., M. Plouviez, M. Coilhac, and L. Cazali. "Nitrous Oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) production in axenic <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> microalgae cultures: evidence, putative pathways, and potential environmental impacts." Biogeosciences 10, no. 10 (2013): 6737–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-6737-2013.

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Abstract. Using antibiotic assays and genomic analysis, this study demonstrates nitrous oxide (N2O) is generated from axenic Chlorella vulgaris cultures. In batch assays, this production is magnified under conditions favouring intracellular nitrite accumulation, but repressed when nitrate reductase (NR) activity is inhibited. These observations suggest N2O formation in C. vulgaris might proceed via NR-mediated nitrite reduction into nitric oxide (NO) acting as N2O precursor via a pathway similar to N2O formation in bacterial denitrifiers, although NO reduction to N2O under oxia remains unprove

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8

Mascarenhas, Romila, Zhu Li, Carmen Gherasim, Markus Ruetz, and Ruma Banerjee. "The human B12 trafficking protein CblC processes nitrocobalamin." Journal of Biological Chemistry 295, no. 28 (2020): 9630–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.ra120.014094.

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In humans, cobalamin or vitamin B12 is delivered to two target enzymes via a complex intracellular trafficking pathway comprising transporters and chaperones. CblC (or MMACHC) is a processing chaperone that catalyzes an early step in this trafficking pathway. CblC removes the upper axial ligand of cobalamin derivatives, forming an intermediate in the pathway that is subsequently converted to the active cofactor derivatives. Mutations in the cblC gene lead to methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria. Here, we report that nitrosylcobalamin (NOCbl), which was developed as an antiproliferative re

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9

Jacob, Juliane, Tina Sanders, and Kirstin Dähnke. "Nitrite consumption and associated isotope changes during a river flood event." Biogeosciences 13, no. 19 (2016): 5649–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-5649-2016.

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Abstract. In oceans, estuaries, and rivers, nitrification is an important nitrate source, and stable isotopes of nitrate are often used to investigate recycling processes (e.g. remineralisation, nitrification) in the water column. Nitrification is a two-step process, where ammonia is oxidised via nitrite to nitrate. Nitrite usually does not accumulate in natural environments, which makes it difficult to study the single isotope effect of ammonia oxidation or nitrite oxidation in natural systems. However, during an exceptional flood in the Elbe River in June 2013, we found a unique co-occurrenc

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10

Alvarino, Teresa, Evina Katsou, Simos Malamis, Sonia Suarez, Francisco Omil, and Francesco Fatone. "Inhibition of biomass activity in the via nitrite nitrogen removal processes by veterinary pharmaceuticals." Bioresource Technology 152 (January 2014): 477–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.10.107.

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11

Zeng, R. J., R. Lemaire, Z. Yuan, and J. Keller. "A novel wastewater treatment process: simultaneous nitrification, denitrification and phosphorus removal." Water Science and Technology 50, no. 10 (2004): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0635.

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Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) via the nitrite pathway and anaerobic–anoxic enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) are two processes that can significantly reduce the COD demand for nitrogen and phosphorus removal. The combination of these two processes has the potential of achieving simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal with a minimal requirement for COD. A lab-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was operated in alternating anaerobic–aerobic mode with a low dissolved oxygen concentration (DO, 0.5 mg/L) during the aerobic period, and was demonstrated to acc

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12

Nakano, Michiko M., Tamara Hoffmann, Yi Zhu, and Dieter Jahn. "Nitrogen and Oxygen Regulation of Bacillus subtilis nasDEF Encoding NADH-Dependent Nitrite Reductase by TnrA and ResDE." Journal of Bacteriology 180, no. 20 (1998): 5344–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.180.20.5344-5350.1998.

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ABSTRACT The nitrate and nitrite reductases of Bacillus subtilishave two different physiological functions. Under conditions of nitrogen limitation, these enzymes catalyze the reduction of nitrate via nitrite to ammonia for the anabolic incorporation of nitrogen into biomolecules. They also function catabolically in anaerobic respiration, which involves the use of nitrate and nitrite as terminal electron acceptors. Two distinct nitrate reductases, encoded bynarGHI and nasBC, function in anabolic and catabolic nitrogen metabolism, respectively. However, as reported herein, a single NADH-depende

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13

Shi, Shun, and Wendong Tao. "Numerical modeling of nitrogen removal processes in biofilters with simultaneous nitritation and anammox." Water Science and Technology 67, no. 3 (2013): 549–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.594.

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This study developed a simple numerical model for nitrogen removal in biofilters, which was designed to enhance simultaneous nitritation and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox). It is the first attempt to simulate anammox together with two-step nitrification in natural treatment systems, which may have different kinetic parameters and temperature effects from conventional bioreactors. Prediction accuracy was improved by adjusting kinetic coefficients over the startup period of the biofilters. The maximum rates of nitritation and nitrite oxidation increased linearly over time during the star

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14

Gibbs, B. M., L. R. Shephard, K. A. Third, and R. Cord-Ruwisch. "The presence of ammonium facilitates nitrite reduction under PHB driven simultaneous nitrification and denitrification." Water Science and Technology 50, no. 10 (2004): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0639.

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For economic and efficient nitrogen removal from wastewater treatment plants via simultaneous nitrification and denitrification the nitrification process should stop at the level of nitrite such that nitrite rather than nitrate becomes the substrate for denitrification. This study aims to contribute to the understanding of the conditions that are necessary to improve nitrite reduction over nitrite oxidation. Laboratory sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were operated with synthetic wastewater containing acetate as COD and ammonium as the nitrogen source. Computer controlled operation of the reac

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15

Al-Omari, Ahmed, Bernhard Wett, Ingmar Nopens, et al. "Model-based evaluation of mechanisms and benefits of mainstream shortcut nitrogen removal processes." Water Science and Technology 71, no. 6 (2015): 840–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.022.

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The main challenge in implementing shortcut nitrogen removal processes for mainstream wastewater treatment is the out-selection of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) to limit nitrate production. A model-based approach was utilized to simulate the impact of individual features of process control strategies to achieve NO−2-N shunt via NOB out-selection. Simulations were conducted using a two-step nitrogen removal model from the literature. Nitrogen shortcut removal processes from two case studies were modeled to illustrate the contribution of NOB out-selection mechanisms. The paper highlights a co

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16

Rols, J. L., M. Mauret, H. Rahmani, et al. "Population Dynamics and Nitrite Build-Up in Activated Sludge and Biofilm Processes for Nitrogen Removal." Water Science and Technology 29, no. 7 (1994): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0301.

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This article has the objective of showing the cause effect relationship between the dynamics of growth of autotrophic populations involved in nitrification and the uncontrolled accumulation of nitrite ions. This accumulation results in a disequilibrium in number or viability between the genera Nitrosomonas and Nicrobacter. This disequilibrium can be imposed, for example, by an inhibition of the activity of the genus Nitrobacter linked to the presence of free ammonia in the environment. The threshold of inhibition and the resultant degree of accumulation of nitrite depend both on the history of

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17

Huang, S., and P. R. Jaffé. "Characterization of incubation experiments and development of an enrichment culture capable of ammonium oxidation under iron-reducing conditions." Biogeosciences 12, no. 3 (2015): 769–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-769-2015.

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Abstract. Incubation experiments were conducted using soil samples from a forested riparian wetland where we have previously observed anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupled to iron reduction. Production of both nitrite and ferrous iron was measured repeatedly during incubations when the soil slurry was supplied with either ferrihydrite or goethite and ammonium chloride. Significant changes in the microbial community were observed after 180 days of incubation as well as in a continuous flow membrane reactor, using 16S rRNA gene PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, 454 pyrosequencing, and

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18

Huang, S., and P. R. Jaffé. "Characterization of incubation experiments and development of an enrichment culture capable of ammonium oxidation under iron reducing conditions." Biogeosciences Discussions 11, no. 8 (2014): 12295–321. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-12295-2014.

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Abstract. Incubation experiments were conducted using soil samples from a forested riparian wetland where we have previously observed anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupled to iron reduction. Production of both nitrite and ferrous iron were measured repeatedly during incubations when the soil slurry was supplied with either ferrihydrite or goethite and ammonium chloride. Significant changes in the microbial community were observed after 180 days of incubation as well as in a continuous flow membrane reactor, using 16S rRNA gene PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, 454-pyrosequencing, and

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19

Ji, Qixing, Claudia Frey, Xin Sun, et al. "Nitrogen and oxygen availabilities control water column nitrous oxide production during seasonal anoxia in the Chesapeake Bay." Biogeosciences 15, no. 20 (2018): 6127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6127-2018.

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Abstract. Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a greenhouse gas and an ozone depletion agent. Estuaries that are subject to seasonal anoxia are generally regarded as N2O sources. However, insufficient understanding of the environmental controls on N2O production results in large uncertainty about the estuarine contribution to the global N2O budget. Incubation experiments with nitrogen stable isotope tracer were used to investigate the geochemical factors controlling N2O production from denitrification in the Chesapeake Bay, the largest estuary in North America. The highest potential rates of water column N2

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20

Humbert, Guillaume, Mathieu Sébilo, Justine Fiat, et al. "Isotopic evidence for alteration of nitrous oxide emissions and producing pathways' contribution under nitrifying conditions." Biogeosciences 17, no. 4 (2020): 979–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-979-2020.

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Abstract. Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from a nitrifying biofilm reactor were investigated with N2O isotopocules. The nitrogen isotopomer site preference of N2O (15N-SP) indicated the contribution of producing and consuming pathways in response to changes in oxygenation level (from 0 % to 21 % O2 in the gas mix), temperature (from 13.5 to 22.3 ∘C) and ammonium concentrations (from 6.2 to 62.1 mg N L−1). Nitrite reduction, either nitrifier denitrification or heterotrophic denitrification, was the main N2O-producing pathway under the tested conditions. Difference between oxidative and reductive

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21

Wiercik, Paweł, Magdalena Domańska, and Tomasz Konieczny. "Nitrogen recovery from reject water by production of nitrite concentrate via nitritation, membrane processes and ion exchange." DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT 197 (2020): 90–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2020.25986.

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22

Park, Ji-Won, Barbora Piknova, Khanh Nghiem, Jay N. Lozier, and Alan N. Schechter. "Thrombelastographic Demonstration of Nitrite Inhibition of Platelet Function." Blood 120, no. 21 (2012): 5148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.5148.5148.

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Abstract Abstract 5148 We have recently shown that nitrite ions in blood will inhibit platelet aggregation and activation as measured by aggregometry and flow cytometric analysis of P-selectin under partially deoxygenated conditions. We now show that these phenomena can be measured by thrombelastographic analysis, an alternative method which supplies additional parameters of clotting, using whole blood from healthy donors. Nitric oxide (NO) can be generated by endogenous nitric oxide synthase (NOS) as well as by a serial reduction pathway in which nitrate and nitrite are converted to NO via se

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23

Helmer, C., C. Tromm, A. Hippen, K. H. Rosenwinkel, C. F. Seyfried, and S. Kunst. "Single stage biological nitrogen removal by nitritation and anaerobic ammonium oxidation in biofilm systems." Water Science and Technology 43, no. 1 (2001): 311–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0062.

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In full scale wastewater treatment plants with at times considerable deficits in the nitrogen balances, it could hitherto not be sufficiently explained which reactions are the cause of the nitrogen losses and which micro-organisms participate in the process. The single stage conversion of ammonium into gaseous end-products – which is henceforth referred to as deammonification – occurs particularly frequently in biofilm systems. In the meantime, one has succeeded to establish the deammonification processes in a continuous flow moving-bed pilot plant. In batch tests with the biofilm covered carr

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Dähnke, Kirstin, Tina Sanders, Yoana Voynova, and Scott D. Wankel. "Nitrogen isotopes reveal a particulate-matter-driven biogeochemical reactor in a temperate estuary." Biogeosciences 19, no. 24 (2022): 5879–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5879-2022.

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Abstract. Estuaries and rivers are important biogeochemical reactors that act to modify the loads and composition of nutrients in the coastal zone. In a case study during July 2013, we sampled an 80 km transect along the Elbe Estuary under low-oxygen conditions. To better elucidate specific mechanisms of estuarine nitrogen processing, we tracked the evolution of the stable isotopic composition of nitrate, nitrite, particulate matter, and ammonium through the water column. This approach allowed assessment of the in situ isotope effects of ammonium and nitrite oxidation and of remineralization a

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25

Hou, Lei, Xiabing Xie, Xianhui Wan, Shuh-Ji Kao, Nianzhi Jiao, and Yao Zhang. "Niche differentiation of ammonia and nitrite oxidizers along a salinity gradient from the Pearl River estuary to the South China Sea." Biogeosciences 15, no. 16 (2018): 5169–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5169-2018.

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Abstract. The niche differentiation of ammonia and nitrite oxidizers is controversial because they display disparate patterns in estuarine, coastal, and oceanic regimes. We analyzed diversity and abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and β-proteobacteria (AOB), nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB), and nitrification rates to identify their niche differentiation along a salinity gradient from the Pearl River estuary to the South China Sea. AOA were generally more abundant than β-AOB; however, AOB more clearly attached to particles compared with AOA in the upper reaches of the Pearl River est

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26

Petit, Gaëlle, Gina Villamonte, Marie de Lamballerie, and Vanessa Jury. "Comparing Innovative Versus Conventional Ham Processes via Environmental Life Cycle Assessment Supplemented with the Assessment of Nitrite Impacts on Human Health." Applied Sciences 11, no. 1 (2021): 451. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11010451.

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Global sustainability indicators, particularly in human health, are necessary to describe agrifood products footprint. Nitrosamines are toxic molecules that are often encountered in cured and processed meats. As they are frequently consumed, meat-based products need to be assessed to evaluate their potential impact on human health. This article provides a methodological framework based on life cycle assessment for comparing meat product processing scenarios. The respective contributions of each step of the product life cycle are extended with a new human health indicator, nitrosamine toxicity,

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27

Marino, Marco, Hugo Cruz Ramos, Tamara Hoffmann, Philippe Glaser, and Dieter Jahn. "Modulation of Anaerobic Energy Metabolism of Bacillus subtilis by arfM(ywiD)." Journal of Bacteriology 183, no. 23 (2001): 6815–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.183.23.6815-6821.2001.

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ABSTRACT Bacillus subtilis grows under anaerobic conditions utilizing nitrate ammonification and various fermentative processes. The two-component regulatory system ResDE and the redox regulator Fnr are the currently known parts of the regulatory system for anaerobic adaptation. Mutation of the open reading frame ywiDlocated upstream of the respiratory nitrate reductase operonnarGHJI resulted in elimination of the contribution of nitrite dissimilation to anaerobic nitrate respiratory growth. Significantly reduced nitrite reductase (NasDE) activity was detected, while respiratory nitrate reduct

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MURPHY, Colin, and Philip NEWSHOLME. "Importance of glutamine metabolism in murine macrophages and human monocytes to L-arginine biosynthesis and rates of nitrite or urea production." Clinical Science 95, no. 4 (1998): 397–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0950397.

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1.The intermediates of biochemical cycles are commonly utilized for biosynthetic processes; thus at least one intermediate must be replenished de novo to provide constant flux through the cycle. The utilization of l-arginine for NO synthesis in macrophages may thus reduce the concentration of intermediates of the urea cycle. It is possible that a glutamine-utilizing pathway exists in mononuclear phagocytes that may connect with the urea cycle. 2.In this paper we report that mouse peritoneal resident and Bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG)-activated macrophages and human monocytes are capable of uti

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Miller, Robert B., Kenton Lawson, Anwar Sadek, Chelsea N. Monty, and John M. Senko. "Uniform and Pitting Corrosion of Carbon Steel byShewanella oneidensisMR-1 under Nitrate-Reducing Conditions." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 84, no. 12 (2018): e00790-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00790-18.

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ABSTRACTDespite observations of steel corrosion in nitrate-reducing environments, processes of nitrate-dependent microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) remain poorly understood and difficult to identify. We evaluated carbon steel corrosion byShewanella oneidensisMR-1 under nitrate-reducing conditions using a split-chamber/zero-resistance ammetry (ZRA) technique. This approach entails the deployment of two metal (carbon steel 1018 in this case) electrodes into separate chambers of an electrochemical split-chamber unit, where the microbiology or chemistry of the chambers can be manipulated. This

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Yagi, Jane M., Joseph M. Suflita, Lisa M. Gieg, Christopher M. DeRito, Che-Ok Jeon, and Eugene L. Madsen. "Subsurface Cycling of Nitrogen and Anaerobic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Biodegradation Revealed by Nucleic Acid and Metabolic Biomarkers." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76, no. 10 (2010): 3124–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00172-10.

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ABSTRACT Microbial processes are crucial for ecosystem maintenance, yet documentation of these processes in complex open field sites is challenging. Here we used a multidisciplinary strategy (site geochemistry, laboratory biodegradation assays, and field extraction of molecular biomarkers) to deduce an ongoing linkage between aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation and nitrogen cycling in a contaminated subsurface site. Three site wells were monitored over a 10-month period, which revealed fluctuating concentrations of nitrate, ammonia, sulfate, sulfide, methane, and other constituents. Biodegrada

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Lam, P., M. M. Jensen, A. Kock, et al. "Origin and fate of the secondary nitrite maximum in the Arabian Sea." Biogeosciences Discussions 8, no. 2 (2011): 2357–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-8-2357-2011.

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Abstract. The Arabian Sea harbours one of the three major oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) in the world's oceans, and it alone is estimated to account for ~10–20% of global oceanic nitrogen (N) loss. While actual rate measurements have been few, the consistently high accumulation of nitrite (NO2−) coinciding with suboxic conditions in the central-northeastern part of the Arabian Sea has led to the general belief that this is the region where active N-loss takes place. Most subsequent field studies on N-loss have thus been drawn almost exclusively to the central-NE. However, a recent study measured

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Lam, P., M. M. Jensen, A. Kock, et al. "Origin and fate of the secondary nitrite maximum in the Arabian Sea." Biogeosciences 8, no. 6 (2011): 1565–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-1565-2011.

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Abstract. The Arabian Sea harbours one of the three major oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) in the world's oceans, and it alone is estimated to account for ~10–20 % of global oceanic nitrogen (N) loss. While actual rate measurements have been few, the consistently high accumulation of nitrite (NO2−) coinciding with suboxic conditions in the central-northeastern part of the Arabian Sea has led to the general belief that this is the region where active N-loss takes place. Most subsequent field studies on N-loss have thus been drawn almost exclusively to the central-NE. However, a recent study measured

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33

Smith, Cindy J., David B. Nedwell, Liang F. Dong, and A. Mark Osborn. "Diversity and Abundance of Nitrate Reductase Genes (narG and napA), Nitrite Reductase Genes (nirS and nrfA), and Their Transcripts in Estuarine Sediments." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 11 (2007): 3612–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02894-06.

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ABSTRACT Estuarine systems are the major conduits for the transfer of nitrate from agricultural and other terrestrial-anthropogenic sources into marine ecosystems. Within estuarine sediments some microbially driven processes (denitrification and anammox) result in the net removal of nitrogen from the environment, while others (dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium) do not. In this study, molecular approaches have been used to investigate the diversity, abundance, and activity of the nitrate-reducing communities in sediments from the hypernutrified Colne estuary, United Kingdom, via analy

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Versantvoort, Wouter, Arjan Pol, Mike S. M. Jetten, et al. "Multiheme hydroxylamine oxidoreductases produce NO during ammonia oxidation in methanotrophs." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 39 (2020): 24459–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2011299117.

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Aerobic and nitrite-dependent methanotrophs make a living from oxidizing methane via methanol to carbon dioxide. In addition, these microorganisms cometabolize ammonia due to its structural similarities to methane. The first step in both of these processes is catalyzed by methane monooxygenase, which converts methane or ammonia into methanol or hydroxylamine, respectively. Methanotrophs use methanol for energy conservation, whereas toxic hydroxylamine is a potent inhibitor that needs to be rapidly removed. It is suggested that many methanotrophs encode a hydroxylamine oxidoreductase (mHAO) in

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Khaligh, Nader Ghaffari, Mohd Rafie Johan, and Juan Joon Ching. "Saccharin: a cheap and mild acidic agent for the synthesis of azo dyes via telescoped dediazotization." Green Processing and Synthesis 8, no. 1 (2019): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/gps-2017-0133.

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Abstract Green synthesis methods are considered as a safer alternative to the conventional synthetic processes due to their eco-friendly nature, cost-effectiveness, and easy handling. In the present study, an eco-friendly and sustainable method for the synthesis of stable arenediazonium has been developed using saccharin as a cheap and mild acidic agent and tert-butyl nitrite as a diazotization reagent for the first time. These stable intermediates were used in the azo coupling reaction with 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde via telescoped dediazotization. The current method has advantages such as reduced

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Xu, Min Nina, Yanhua Wu, Li Wei Zheng, et al. "Quantification of multiple simultaneously occurring nitrogen flows in the euphotic ocean." Biogeosciences 14, no. 4 (2017): 1021–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1021-2017.

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Abstract. The general features of the N cycle in the sunlit region of the ocean are well known, but methodological difficulties have previously confounded simultaneous quantification of transformation rates among the many different forms of N, e.g., ammonium (NH4+), nitrite (NO2−), nitrate (NO3−), and particulate/dissolved organic nitrogen (PN/DON). However, recent advances in analytical methodology have made it possible to employ a convenient isotope labeling technique to quantify in situ fluxes among oft-measured nitrogen species within the euphotic zone. Addition of a single 15N-labeled NH4

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Zakem, Emily J., Barbara Bayer, Wei Qin, Alyson E. Santoro, Yao Zhang, and Naomi M. Levine. "Controls on the relative abundances and rates of nitrifying microorganisms in the ocean." Biogeosciences 19, no. 23 (2022): 5401–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5401-2022.

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Abstract. Nitrification controls the oxidation state of bioavailable nitrogen. Distinct clades of chemoautotrophic microorganisms – predominantly ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) – regulate the two steps of nitrification in the ocean, but explanations for their observed relative abundances and nitrification rates remain incomplete and their contributions to the global marine carbon cycle via carbon fixation remain unresolved. Using a mechanistic microbial ecosystem model with nitrifying functional types, we derive simple expressions for the controls on AOA a

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Bonacci, Gustavo, Francisco J. Schopfer, Carlos I. Batthyany, et al. "Electrophilic Fatty Acids Regulate Matrix Metalloproteinase Activity and Expression." Journal of Biological Chemistry 286, no. 18 (2011): 16074–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m111.225029.

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Nitro-fatty acids (NO2-FA) are electrophilic signaling mediators formed by reactions of nitric oxide and nitrite. NO2-FA exert anti-inflammatory signaling actions through post-translational protein modifications. We report that nitro-oleic acid (OA-NO2) stimulates proMMP-7 and proMMP-9 proteolytic activity via adduction of the conserved cysteine switch domain thiolate. Biotin-labeled OA-NO2 showed this adduction occurs preferentially with latent forms of MMP, confirming a role for thiol alkylation by OA-NO2 in MMP activation. In addition to regulating pro-MMP activation, MMP expression was mod

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Borrero-de Acuña, José Manuel, Manfred Rohde, Josef Wissing, et al. "Protein Network of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa Denitrification Apparatus." Journal of Bacteriology 198, no. 9 (2016): 1401–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00055-16.

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ABSTRACTOxidative phosphorylation using multiple-component, membrane-associated protein complexes is the most effective way for a cell to generate energy. Here, we systematically investigated the multiple protein-protein interactions of the denitrification apparatus of the pathogenic bacteriumPseudomonas aeruginosa. During denitrification, nitrate (Nar), nitrite (Nir), nitric oxide (Nor), and nitrous oxide (Nos) reductases catalyze the reaction cascade of NO3−→ NO2−→ NO → N2O → N2. Genetic experiments suggested that the nitric oxide reductase NorBC and the regulatory protein NosR are the nucle

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Shen, Li-dong, Shuai Liu, Qian Huang, et al. "Evidence for the Cooccurrence of Nitrite-Dependent Anaerobic Ammonium and Methane Oxidation Processes in a Flooded Paddy Field." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 80, no. 24 (2014): 7611–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02379-14.

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ABSTRACTAnaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) and nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (n-damo) are two of the most recent discoveries in the microbial nitrogen cycle. In the present study, we provide direct evidence for the cooccurrence of the anammox and n-damo processes in a flooded paddy field in southeastern China. Stable isotope experiments showed that the potential anammox rates ranged from 5.6 to 22.7 nmol N2g−1(dry weight) day−1and the potential n-damo rates varied from 0.2 to 2.1 nmol CO2g−1(dry weight) day−1in different layers of soil cores. Quantitative PCR showed that th

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Teillout, Anne-Lucie, Pedro de Oliveira, Jérôme Marrot, et al. "Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Electrochemistry and Electro-Catalytic Properties of the Manganese-Containing Polyoxotungstate, [(Mn(H2O)3)2(H2W12O42)]6−." Inorganics 7, no. 2 (2019): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics7020015.

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We present the synthesis and structural characterization of the manganese-containing polyoxotungstate, [(Mn(H2O)3)2(H2W12O42)]6− (1), obtained by reaction of MnCl2 with six equivalents of Na2WO4 in the presence of Zn(CH3COO)2 in acetate medium (pH 4.7). This has been assessed by various techniques (FTIR, TGA, UV-Visible, XPS, elemental analysis, single crystal X-ray and electrochemistry). Single-crystal X-ray analyses showed that, in the solid state, 1 forms a 2-D network in which [H2W12O42]10− fragments are linked in pairs via Mn2+ ions, leading to linear chains of the form [(Mn(H2O)3)2(H2W12

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Lyons, W. Berry, A. Paul Mayewski, Lonnie G. Thompson, and Boyd Allen. "The Glaciochemistry of Snow-Pits from Quelccaya Ice Cap, Peru, 1982." Annals of Glaciology 7 (1985): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0260305500005954.

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We present glaciochemical data from a pilot study of two snow-pits from Quelccaya ice cap, Peruvian Andes. These are the first samples to be analyzed from Quelccaya for nitrate and sulfate by ion chromatography (IC), for nitrate-plus-nitrite, reactive silicate and reactive iron by colorimetry, and for sodium by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The 3 m pits used in this study represent a one year record of mass accumulation and the 29 samples collected provide the first glaciochemical data from this area which can be compared with glaciochemical studies from other locations.Reactive iron, r

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Lyons, W. Berry, A. Paul Mayewski, Lonnie G. Thompson, and Boyd Allen. "The Glaciochemistry of Snow-Pits from Quelccaya Ice Cap, Peru, 1982." Annals of Glaciology 7 (1985): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500005954.

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We present glaciochemical data from a pilot study of two snow-pits from Quelccaya ice cap, Peruvian Andes. These are the first samples to be analyzed from Quelccaya for nitrate and sulfate by ion chromatography (IC), for nitrate-plus-nitrite, reactive silicate and reactive iron by colorimetry, and for sodium by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The 3 m pits used in this study represent a one year record of mass accumulation and the 29 samples collected provide the first glaciochemical data from this area which can be compared with glaciochemical studies from other locations. Reactive iron,

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Chen, Jinghua, Lulu Liu, Weiwei Wang, and Haichun Gao. "Nitric Oxide, Nitric Oxide Formers and Their Physiological Impacts in Bacteria." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 18 (2022): 10778. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810778.

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Nitric oxide (NO) is an active and critical nitrogen oxide in the microbe-driven nitrogen biogeochemical cycle, and is of great interest to medicine and the biological sciences. As a gas molecule prior to oxygen, NO respiration represents an early form of energy generation via various reactions in prokaryotes. Major enzymes for endogenous NO formation known to date include two types of nitrite reductases in denitrification, hydroxylamine oxidoreductase in ammonia oxidation, and NO synthases (NOSs). While the former two play critical roles in shaping electron transport pathways in bacteria, NOS

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Sivalingam, Vasan, Carlos Dinamarca, Eshetu Janka, Sergey Kukankov, Shuai Wang, and Rune Bakke. "Effect of Intermittent Aeration in a Hybrid Vertical Anaerobic Biofilm Reactor (HyVAB) for Reject Water Treatment." Water 12, no. 4 (2020): 1151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12041151.

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Water from anaerobic sludge dewatering (reject water that is recycled to the inlet main process treatment) from the Knarrdalstrand municipal wastewater treatment plant in Porsgrunn, Norway, contains 2.4 g/L of total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD) and 550 mg/L NH4-N (annual average). The high concentration of ammonium causes disturbances in the mainstream physical and chemical processes, while only a small fraction of the organics is biodegradable. A pilot-scale hybrid vertical anaerobic biofilm (HyVAB) reactor combining anaerobic and aerobic treatment was tested for reject water treatment to re

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Vujadinovic, Dragan, Bojan Golic, Vladimir Tomovic, Vesna Gojkovic, Milan Vukic, and Radoslav Grujic. "Antimicrobial activity of essential oils and fruits supplement in reduced nitrite salts condition." Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke, no. 133 (2017): 251–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmspn1733251v.

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Because of the growing negative perception of consumers related to the use of meat products produced by conventional curing methods, organic and natural products are increasingly accepted by consumers. Such products contain a large number of natural products derived from plants, spices, as well as their derivatives in form of essential oils, extracts, concentrates, and so on. These derivatives contain large number of active substances which are known to inhibit the metabolic processes of bacteria, yeasts and molds. Therefore, the goal of this paper was to investigate the synergistic antimicrob

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da Silva, Layzon A. Lemos, Louis P. Sandjo, Laura S. Assunção, et al. "Semisynthetic Sesquiterpene Lactones Generated by the Sensibility of Glaucolide B to Lewis and Brønsted–Lowry Acids and Bases: Cytotoxicity and Anti-Inflammatory Activities." Molecules 28, no. 3 (2023): 1243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28031243.

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Sesquiterpene lactone (SL) subtypes including hirsutinolide and cadinanolide have a controversial genesis. Metabolites of these classes are either described as natural products or as artifacts produced via the influence of solvents, chromatographic mobile phases, and adsorbents used in phytochemical studies. Based on this divergence, and to better understand the sensibility of these metabolites, different pH conditions were used to prepare semisynthetic SLs and evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activities. Therefore, glaucolide B (1) was treated with various Brønsted–Lowry a

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Cameron, Dale R., Alison M. P. Borrajo, Gregory R. J. Thatcher, and Brian M. Bennett. "Organic nitrates, thionitrates, peroxynitrites, and nitric oxide: a molecular orbital study of the (X = O, S) rearrangement, a reaction of potential biological significance." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 73, no. 10 (1995): 1627–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v95-202.

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The rearrangement of organic thionitrate to sulfenyl nitrite potentially mediates the release of nitric oxide from organic nitrates, such as nitroglycerin, in the presence of thiol. The biological activity of these nitrovasodilators is proposed to result from release of nitric oxide in vivo. The thionitrate rearrangement bears analogy to the rearrangement of peroxynitrous acid to nitric acid, which has been proposed to mediate the biological toxicity of nitric oxide and superoxide. In this paper, the two concerted rearrangement processes and competing homolytic reactions are explored using mol

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Clemitshaw, Kevin C. "Coupling between the Tropospheric Photochemistry of Nitrous Acid (HONO) and Nitric Acid (HNO3)." Environmental Chemistry 3, no. 1 (2006): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en05073.

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Environmental Context.Nitrous acid (HONO) is formed in the troposphere in urban, rural and remote environments via several uncertain heterogeneous and photochemical processes that involve nitric acid (HNO3). A recently recognised process is initiated by the deposition and migration of HNO3 within snow-pack surfaces to form nitrate anions (NO3−). Photo-reduction of NO3− followed by acidification of the nitrite (NO2−) photo-product leads to emissions of gas-phase HONO. Seasonal observations at Halley, Antarctica are consistent with the formation of HONO via this process, which is potentially of

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Borrero-de Acuña, José Manuel, Gabriella Molinari, Manfred Rohde, et al. "A Periplasmic Complex of the Nitrite Reductase NirS, the Chaperone DnaK, and the Flagellum Protein FliC Is Essential for Flagellum Assembly and Motility in Pseudomonas aeruginosa." Journal of Bacteriology 197, no. 19 (2015): 3066–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00415-15.

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ABSTRACTPseudomonas aeruginosais a ubiquitously occurring environmental bacterium and opportunistic pathogen responsible for various acute and chronic infections. Obviously, anaerobic energy generation via denitrification contributes to its ecological success. To investigate the structural basis for the interconnection of the denitrification machinery to other essential cellular processes, we have sought to identify the protein interaction partners of the denitrification enzyme nitrite reductase NirS in the periplasm. We employed NirS as an affinity-purifiable bait to identify interacting prot

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