Relevant bibliographies by topics / Vibrational distribution

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Academic literature on the topic 'Vibrational distribution'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Vibrational distribution"

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AKPEK, Ali, Chongho YOUN, and Toshiharu KAGAWA. "A Study on Vibrational Viscometers Considering Temperature Distribution Effect." TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN FLUID POWER SYSTEM SOCIETY 45, no. 3 (2014): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5739/jfps.45.29.

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Victor, Tyrode, Nicolas Totaro, Laurent Maxit, and Alain Le Bot. "Vibrational energy distribution in plate excited with random white noise." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, no. 6 (August 1, 2021): 965–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-1712.

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In Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) and more generally in all statistical theories of sound and vibration, the establishment of diffuse field in subsystems is one of the most important assumption. Diffuse field is a special state of vibration for which the vibrational energy is homogeneously and isotropically distributed. For subsystems excited with a random white noise, the vibration tends to become diffuse when the number of modes is large and the damping sufficiently light. However even under these conditions, the so-called coherent backscattering enhancement (CBE) observed for certain symmetric subsystems may impede diffusivity. In this study, CBE is observed numerically and experimentally for various geometries of subsystem. Also, it is shown that asymmetric boundary conditions leads to reduce or even vanish the CBE. Theoretical and numerical simulations with the ray tracing method are provided to support the discussion.
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Yoshimura, Yasunori, Toshio Kasai, Hiroshi Ohoyama, and Keiji Kuwata. "Nascent HF† and HSO(2A′) formations in the elementary reactions of F + H2S and HS + O3 and the internal energy distributions." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 73, no. 2 (February 1, 1995): 204–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v95-029.

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Chemiluminescence of the vibrationally excited HF† and of the electronically excited HSO* in the 2A′ state were observed in the elementary reactions of F + H2S and HS + O3. In the F + H2S reaction, the vibrational populations of HF† in ν = 3 and 4 were found to be nonstatistical but the rotational distribution in the ν = 4 state was found to be Boltzmann-like with a rotational temperature of 700 K, confirming similar data obtained by different methods. The HSO* emission was observed in the HS + O3 elementary reaction. The spectrum of HSO* characterized by broad vibrational bands indicates nonstatistical excitation for the rotational and vibrational states. Keywords: chemiluminescence, internal energy distribution, F + H2S, HS + O3, HF†, HSO*.
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Pavlov, A. V. "Subauroral red arcs as a conjugate phenomenon: comparison of OV1-10 satellite data with numerical calculations." Annales Geophysicae 15, no. 8 (August 31, 1997): 984–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-997-0984-3.

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Abstract. This study compares the OV1-10 satellite measurements of the integral airglow intensities at 630 nm in the SAR arc regions observed in the northern and southern hemisphere as a conjugate phenomenon, with the model results obtained using the time-dependent one-dimensional mathematical model of the Earth ionosphere and plasmasphere (the IZMIRAN model) during the geomagnetic storm of the period 15–17 February 1967. The major enhancements to the IZMIRAN model developed in this study are the inclusion of He+ ions (three major ions: O+, H+, and He+, and three ion temperatures), the updated photochemistry and energy balance equations for ions and electrons, the diffusion of NO+ and O2+ ions and O(1D) and the revised electron cooling rates arising from their collisions with unexcited N2, O2 molecules and N2 molecules at the first vibrational level. The updated model includes the option to use the models of the Boltzmann or non-Boltzmann distributions of vibrationally excited molecular nitrogen. Deviations from the Boltzmann distribution for the first five vibrational levels of N2 were calculated. The calculated distribution is highly non-Boltzmann at vibrational levels v > 2 and leads to a decrease in the calculated electron density and integral intensity at 630 nm in the northern and southern hemispheres in comparison with the electron density and integral intensity calculated using the Boltzmann vibrational distribution of N2. It is found that the intensity at 630 nm is very sensitive to the oxygen number densities. Good agreement between the modelled and measured intensities is obtained provided that at all altitudes of the southern hemisphere a reduction of about factor 1.35 in MSIS-86 atomic oxygen densities is included in the IZMIRAN model with the non-Boltzmann vibrational distribution of N2. The effect of using of the O(1D) diffusion results in the decrease of 4–6% in the calculated integral intensity of the northern hemisphere and 7–13% in the calculated integral intensity of the southern hemisphere. It is found that the modelled intensities of the southern hemisphere are more sensitive to the assumed values of the rate coefficients of O+(4S) ions with the vibrationally excited nitrogen molecules and quenching of O+(2D) by atomic oxygen than the modelled intensities of the northern hemisphere.
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Kim, Hackjin, and Youngdo Won. "Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Vibrational Energy Distribution in Vibrational Cooling and Heating." Journal of Physical Chemistry 100, no. 22 (January 1996): 9495–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp952916b.

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Pavlov, A. V., and K. I. Oyama. "The role of vibrationally excited nitrogen and oxygen in the ionosphere over Millstone Hill during 16-23 March, 1990." Annales Geophysicae 18, no. 8 (August 31, 2000): 957–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-000-0957-2.

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Abstract. We present a comparison of the observed behavior of the F region ionosphere over Millstone Hill during the geomagnetically quiet and storm period on 16-23 March, 1990, with numerical model calculations from the time-dependent mathematical model of the Earth's ionosphere and plasmasphere. The effects of vibrationally excited N2(v) and O2(v) on the electron density and temperature are studied using the N2(v) and O2(v) Boltzmann and non-Boltzmann distribution assumptions. The deviations from the Boltzmann distribution for the first five vibrational levels of N2(v) and O2(v) were calculated. The present study suggests that these deviations are not significant at vibrational levels v = 1 and 2, and the calculated distributions of N2(v) and O2(v) are highly non-Boltzmann at vibrational levels v > 2. The N2(v) and O2(v) non-Boltzmann distribution assumption leads to the decrease of the calculated daytime NmF2 up to a factor of 1.44 (maximum value) in comparison with the N2(v) and O2(v) Boltzmann distribution assumption. The resulting effects of N2(v > 0) and O2(v > 0) on the NmF2 is the decrease of the calculated daytime NmF2 up to a factor of 2.8 (maximum value) for Boltzmann populations of N2(v) and O2(v) and up to a factor of 3.5 (maximum value) for non-Boltzmann populations of N2(v) and O2(v) . This decrease in electron density results in the increase of the calculated daytime electron temperature up to about 1040-1410 K (maximum value) at the F2 peak altitude giving closer agreement between the measured and modeled electron temperatures. Both the daytime and nighttime densities are not reproduced by the model without N2(v > 0) and O2(v > 0) , and inclusion of vibrationally excited N2 and O2 brings the model and data into better agreement. The effects of vibrationally excited O2 and N2 on the electron density and temperature are most pronounced during daytime.Key words: Ionosphere (ion chemistry and composition; ionosphere-atmosphere interactions; ionospheric disturbances)
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Fernández Núñez, M., and M. Martin Reviejo. "Uncertainty in the intramolecular vibrational energy distribution." Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM 166 (June 1988): 253–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-1280(88)80445-7.

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Luo, Huiping, Austin Scholp, and Jack J. Jiang. "The Finite Element Simulation of the Upper Airway of Patients with Moderate and Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome." BioMed Research International 2017 (October 24, 2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7058519.

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Objectives. To investigate the snoring modes of patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome and to discover the main sources of snoring in soft tissue vibrations. Methods. A three-dimensional finite element model was developed with SolidEdge to simulate the human upper airway. The inherent modal simulation was conducted to obtain the frequencies and the corresponding shapes of the soft tissue vibrations. The respiration process was simulated with the fluid-solid interaction method through ANSYS. Results. The first 6 orders of modal vibration were 12 Hz, 18 Hz, 21 Hz, 22 Hz, 36 Hz, and 39 Hz. Frequencies of modes 1, 2, 4, and 5 were from tongue vibrations. Frequencies of modes 3 and 6 were from soft palate vibrations. Steady pressure distribution and air distribution lines in the upper airway were shown clearly in the fluid-solid interaction simulation results. Conclusions. We were able to observe the vibrations of soft tissue and the modeled airflow by applying the finite element methods. Future studies could focus on improving the soft tissues vibration compliances by adjusting the model parameters. Additionally, more attention should be paid to vibrational components below 20 Hz when performing an acoustic analysis of human snore sounds due to the presence of these frequencies in this model.
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Carpenter, M. A., M. T. Zanni, D. J. Levandier, D. F. Varley, and J. M. Farrar. "Proton transfer dynamics on highly attractive potential energy surfaces: Induced repulsive energy release in O− + HF at high collision energies." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 72, no. 3 (March 1, 1994): 828–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v94-110.

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We present the angular and kinetic energy distributions for the products of the proton transfer reaction O− + HF → OH + F− at center-of-mass collision energies of 45.0 and 55.8 kJ mol−l (0.47 and 0.58 eV, respectively). At both collision energies, the product angular distributions show forward–backward symmetry, characteristic of the decay of a transient complex living at least several rotational periods. The product kinetic energy distributions show structure that is clearly attributable to the formation of OH in v′ = 0,1, and 2. The kinetic energy distribution for a single vibrational state of OH is equivalent to the rotational state distribution for that state. At the higher collision energy, the product kinetic energy distribution shows a clear angular dependence, from which we infer a transition to more direct dynamics involving low impact parameter collisions that access the repulsive wall of the potential surface in bent geometries. The vibrational energy in the products decreases with increasing collision energy, with fV′, the fraction of available energy appearing in vibration, decreasing from 0.28 to 0.22 over the reported collision energy range. We attribute this behavior to a transition from mixed energy release of a Heavy + Light–Heavy collision system dominated by the strong attractive well to induced repulsive energy release as the system reaches the low energy repulsive wall of the potential energy surface.
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Parensen, M., and W. Brockner. "Schwingungsspektren und Normalkoordinatenanalyse des P2Se64–-Anions in den konformeren staggered- und eclipsed-Anordnungen in TL4P2Se6und Na4P2Se6." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 41, no. 10 (October 1, 1986): 1233–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1986-1010.

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Na4P2Se6 has been prepared by elemental synthesis at high temperatures and characterized by vibrational spectroscopy. The vibrational frequencies of Na4P2Se6 are assigned on the basis of eclipsed P2Se64- conformers with D3h symmetry, those of Tl4P2Se6 on the basis of staggered P2Se64- units with D3d symmetry. A normal coordinate analysis has been performed for both conformers. The refined force field, potential energy distribution (PED), mean amplitudes of vibration an Coriolis coupling constants are given.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Vibrational distribution"

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Roettgen, Andrew M. "Vibrational Energy Distribution, Electron Density and Electron Temperature Behavior in Nanosecond Pulse Discharge Plasmas by Raman and Thomson Scattering." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1428940661.

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Montello, Aaron David. "Studies of Nitrogen Vibrational Distribution Function and Rotational-Translational Temperature in Nonequilibrium Plasmas by Picosecond Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Spectroscopy." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1345522814.

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Zschieschang, Torsten. "Schwingungsanalyse an Maschinen mit ungleichförmig übersetzenden Getrieben." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2000. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:ch1-200000876.

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Die Arbeit befaßt sich mit Methoden der Identifikation von Schwingungsursachen anhand gemessener Schwingungssignale an Maschinen mit ungleichförmig übersetzenden Getrieben. Den technischen Hintergrund bilden die Verarbeitungsmaschinen, die als ein Haupteinsatzgebiet der auch als Mechanismen bezeichneten Getriebe gelten. Es werden eine ganze Reihe mechanismentypischer Schwingungsursachen untersucht, die im wesentlichen auf Elastizitäten, veränderliche Parameter, Spiel, Reibung und Unstetigkeiten in den Lagefunktionen zurückzuführen sind. Neben den traditionellen Methoden der Signalanalyse gilt das Hauptaugenmerk den neuen Methoden der Zeit-Frequenz-Analyse, die dem zumeist instationären Charakter der durch die Mechanismen verursachten Schwingungen gerecht werden. Dazu zählen vor allem lineare Transformationen wie die Kurzzeit-Fourier- oder die Wavelet-Transformation, quadratische Verteilungen aus Cohen's Klasse wie die Wigner-Ville und die Choi-Williams Verteilung oder auch höhere Transformationen wie die Adaptive Optimal Kernel oder die Reassignment Methode. Die Untersuchungen münden in einer tabellarischen Zusammenstellung der gefundenen Merkmale. Diese soll der Unterstützung der praktischen Signalanalyse bei Mechanismenschwingungen dienen. Die Anwendung der zur Verfügung stehenden Mittel und Methoden wird an zahlreichen Beispielen aus dem Bereich der Schwingungsdiagnose an Verarbeitungsmaschinen demonstriert
This thesis deals with methods to identify causes of vibrations by investigation of messured signals at machines with mechanisms (with varying velocity ratio). The technical background is the field of manufacturing machines, the main application of such mechanisms. Inspected are the most typical causes of vibrations at mechanisms that comes with elasticity, variable parameters, clearance, friction or nonsmooth transferfunctions. There are used both, traditional methods of signal analysis and time-frequency-analysis methods that are especially advantageous for the often instationary vibrations at this kind of machines. Linear transformations like the Short-Time-Fourier- or the Wavelet-Transformation, quadratic distributions from Cohe's Class like the Wigner-Ville- or the Choi-Williams-Distribution and higher order transformations like the Adaptive Optimal Kernel or the Reassignment Method are used in this Paper. The investigation leads into a tabular form of characteristics wich should be used for identification of vibrational causes during vibrational analysis. The use of available methods is demonstrated by solving various examples on real manufactoring machines
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Zschieschang, Torsten. "Schwingungsanalyse an Maschinen mit ungleichförmig übersetzenden Getrieben." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:ch1-200601204.

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Die Arbeit befaßt sich mit Methoden der Identifikation von Schwingungsursachen anhand gemessener Schwingungssignale an Maschinen mit ungleichförmig übersetzenden Getrieben. Den technischen Hintergrund bilden die Verarbeitungsmaschinen, die als ein Haupteinsatzgebiet der auch als Mechanismen bezeichneten Getriebe gelten. Es werden eine ganze Reihe mechanismentypischer Schwingungsursachen untersucht, die im wesentlichen auf Elastizitäten, veränderliche Parameter, Spiel, Reibung und Unstetigkeiten in den Lagefunktionen zurückzuführen sind. Neben den traditionellen Methoden der Signalanalyse gilt das Hauptaugenmerk den neuen Methoden der Zeit-Frequenz-Analyse, die dem zumeist instationären Charakter der durch die Mechanismen verursachten Schwingungen gerecht werden. Dazu zählen vor allem lineare Transformationen wie die Kurzzeit-Fourier- oder die Wavelet-Transformation, quadratische Verteilungen aus Cohen's Klasse wie die Wigner-Ville und die Choi-Williams Verteilung oder auch höhere Transformationen wie die Adaptive Optimal Kernel oder die Reassignment Methode. Die Untersuchungen münden in einer tabellarischen Zusammenstellung der gefundenen Merkmale. Diese soll der Unterstützung der praktischen Signalanalyse bei Mechanismenschwingungen dienen. Die Anwendung der zur Verfügung stehenden Mittel und Methoden wird an zahlreichen Beispielen aus dem Bereich der Schwingungsdiagnose an Verarbeitungsmaschinen demonstriert. - - - Diese Version ersetzt eine ältere Version, Grund: Formatkonvertierung postscript zu pdf. Der Inhalt unterscheidet sich in der Qualität der Abb. 4.23a und 4.23b auf Seite 97 sowie aller Abbildungen auf Seite 111. Der Zugriff auf die Original-Abb. ist über die ältere Version oder die gedruckte Ausgabe möglich. Die gedruckte Ausgabe der Dissertation ist in der Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz entleihbar
This thesis deals with methods to identify causes of vibrations by investigation of messured signals at machines with mechanisms (with varying velocity ratio). The technical background is the field of manufacturing machines, the main application of such mechanisms. Inspected are the most typical causes of vibrations at mechanisms that comes with elasticity, variable parameters, clearance, friction or nonsmooth transferfunctions. There are used both, traditional methods of signal analysis and time-frequency-analysis methods that are especially advantageous for the often instationary vibrations at this kind of machines. Linear transformations like the Short-Time-Fourier- or the Wavelet-Transformation, quadratic distributions from Cohe's Class like the Wigner-Ville- or the Choi-Williams-Distribution and higher order transformations like the Adaptive Optimal Kernel or the Reassignment Method are used in this Paper. The investigation leads into a tabular form of characteristics wich should be used for identification of vibrational causes during vibrational analysis. The use of available methods is demonstrated by solving various examples on real manufactoring machines. - - - This version replaces an older version, reason is conversion of format from postscript to pdf. Content is different in quality of pictures 4.23a and 4.23b on page 97 and all pictures on page 111. Please see the original pictures in the older version or the printed version. The printed version is borrowable at the Library of Chemnitz University of Technology
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Silva, Junior João Viçozo. "Aplicação do modelo carga-fluxo de dipolo para calcular e interpretar as intensidades no espectro infravermelho dos fluoroclorometanos." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/249358.

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Orientador: Roy Edward Bruns
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T10:57:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SilvaJunior_JoaoVicozo_M.pdf: 455136 bytes, checksum: d8cb42bcd5d75c3d6dd417771ba11425 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007
Resumo: O momento dipolar molecular, suas derivadas e as intensidades fundamentais no espectro infravermelho dos fluoroclorometanos são determinados a partir de cargas e dipolos atômicos QTAIM, e de seus fluxos no nível MP2/6-311++G(3d,3p). A comparação dos momentos dipolares e das intensidades fundamentais no infravermelho calculados usando parâmetros QTAIM com aqueles obtidos diretamente a partir de cálculos MP2/6-311++G(3d,3p) mostra erros rms (root mean square) de 0,01 D e 5,6 km mol, e erros de 0,04 D e 23,1 km mol quando comparados com valores experimentais. As contribuições de carga, fluxo de carga e fluxo de dipolo são calculadas para todos os modos normais de vibração destas moléculas. Uma correlação negativa significativa (-0,92) é observada entre as contribuições de fluxo de carga e de fluxo de dipolo e indica que a transferência de carga de um lado para outro da molécula durante as vibrações é acompanhada por uma relaxação da densidade eletrônica que se polariza na direção oposta. Os modos normais de estiramento CF, CCl e CH destas moléculas mostram ter conjuntos de valores característicos de contribuições de carga, fluxo de carga e fluxo de dipolo. Embora as deformações FCF e ClCCl também possam ser diferenciadas umas das outras a partir dos tamanhos e sinais destas contribuições, algumas deformações HCH têm contribuições que são parecidas com aquelas das deformações ClCCl
Abstract: The molecular dipole moments, their derivatives and the fundamental infrared intensities of the fluorochloromethanes are determined from QTAIM atomic charges and dipoles and their fluxes at the MP2/6- 311++G(3d,3p) level. Root-mean-square (rms) errors of 0.01 D and 5.6 km mol are found for the dipole moments and fundamental infrared intensities calculated using QTAIM parameters when compared with those obtained directly from the MP2/6-311++(3d,3p) calculations and 0.04 D and 23.1 km mol when compared to the experimental values. Charge, charge flux and dipole flux contributions are calculated for all the normal vibrations of these molecules. A large negative correlation coefficient of -0.92 is calculated between the charge flux and dipole flux contributions and indicates that charge transfer from one side of the molecule to the other during vibrations is accompanied by relaxation with electron density polarization in the opposite direction. The CF, CCl and CH stretching normal modes of these molecules are shown to have characteristic sets of charge, charge flux and dipole flux contributions. Although the FCF and ClCCl deformation normal modes can also be discriminated from one another based on their sizes and signs of these contributions some HCH deformations have contributions that are similar to those for some of the ClCCl deformations
Mestrado
Físico-Química
Mestre em Química
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Burema, Shiri. "Inelastic Electron Tunneling Spectroscopy with the Scanning Tunneling Microscope : a combined theory-experiment approach." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENSL0821.

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La Spectroscopie par Effet Tunnel Inélastique (IETS) avec un Microscope à Effet Tunnel (STM) est une nouvelle technique de spectroscopie vibrationnelle, qui permet de caractériser des propriétés très fines de molécules adsorbées sur des surfaces métalliques. Des règles de selection d’excitation vibrationnelle basées sur la symétrie ont été proposées, cependant, elles ne semblent pas exhaustives pour expliquer la totalité du mécanisme et des facteurs en jeu; elles ne sont pas directement transposables pour les propriétés d'un adsorbat et sont lourdes d'utilisation. Le but de cette thèse est donc d'améliorer ces règles de selection par une étude théorique. Un protocole de simulation de l'IETS a été développé, paramétré, et évalué, puis appliqué pour calculer des spectres IETS pour différentes petites molécules, qui sont systématiquement liées, sur une surface de cuivre. Des principes additifs de l'IETS ont été developpés, notamment concernant l’extension dans le vide de l’état de tunnel, l'activation/ quench sélectif de certains modes du aux propriétés électroniques de certains fragments moléculaires, et l'application de certaines règles d'addition de signaux IETS. De plus, des empreintes vibrationnelles par des signaux IETS ont été determinées pour permettre de différentier entre les orientations des adsorbats, la nature chimique des atomes et les isomères de structures. Une stratégie simple utilisant les propriétés de distribution de la densité électronique de la molécule isolée pour prédire les activités IETS sans des couts importants de calculs a aussi été développée. Cette expertise a été utilisée pour rationaliser et interpréter les mesures expérimentales des spectres IETS pour des métalloporphyrines et métallophtalocyanines adsorbées. Ces études sont les premières études IETS pour des molécules aussi larges et complexes. L'approche expérimentale a permis de déterminer les limitations actuelles des simulations IETS. Les défauts associés à l'identification ont été résolus en faisant des simulations d'images STM complémentaires
Inelastic Electron Tunneling Spectroscopy (IETS) with the Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) is a novel vibrational spectroscopy technique that permits to characterize very subtle properties of molecules adsorbed on metallic surfaces. Its proposed symmetry-based propensity selection rules, however, fail to fully capture its exact mechanism and influencing factors; are not directly retraceable to an adsorbate property and are cumbersome. In this thesis, a theoretical approach was taken to improve them. An IETS simulation protocol has been developed, parameterized and benchmarked, and consequently used to calculate IETS spectra for a set of systematically related small molecules on copper surfaces. Extending IETS principles were deduced that refer to the tunneling state’s vacuum extension, the selective activating/quenching of certain types of modes due to the moieties’ electronic properties, and the applicability of a sum rule of IETS signals. Also, fingerprinting IETS-signals that enable discrimination between adsorbate orientations, the chemical nature of atoms and structural isomers were determined and a strategy using straightforward electronic density distribution properties of the isolated molecule to predict IETS activity without (large) computational cost was developed. This expertise was used to rationalize and interpret experimentally measured IETS spectra for adsorbed metalloporphyrins and metallophthalocyanines, being the first IETS studies of this large size. This experimental approach permitted to determine the current limitations of IETS-simulations. The associated identification shortcomings were resolved by conducting complementary STM-image simulations
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Mazánková, Věra. "Spektroskopické studium dohasínajících výbojů v dusíku a jeho směsích." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233291.

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Presented thesis gives results obtained during the spectroscopic observations of post –discharges of the pure nitrogen plasma with small oxygen admixture and in the nitrogen – argon mixture and the effect of the pink afterglow in it. The DC discharge in the flowing regime has been used for the plasma generation. The decaying plasma was study by optical emission spectroscopy, mainly in the range of 300–800 nm. The first positive, second positive, first negative nitrogen spectral system and NO spectral systems were observed in measured spectra. The band head intensities of these bands have been studied in the dependencies on experimental conditions. Simultaneously, the relative vibrational populations on the given nitrogen states have been calculated. Two discharge tubes made from different materials (PYREX glass and QUARTZ glass) were used in the case of nitrogen plasma containing low oxygen traces (up to 0.2 %). These experiments have been carried out at two wall temperatures for the determination of the temperature effect on the post-discharge. The discharge tube around the observation point was kept at the ambient temperature (300 K) or it was cooled down to 77 K by liquid nitrogen vapor. The total gas pressure of 1 000 Pa and the discharge current of 200 mA were conserved for all these experiments. The relative populations of electronic states were calculated in the dependence on the post-discharge time. The dependencies on oxygen concentration were given, too. The results showed no simple dependence of vibrational populations on oxygen concentration. Generally, slight increase of neutral nitrogen states populations was observed with the increase of oxygen concentration. These observations were well visible due to the intensity of nitrogen pink afterglow effect that was well visible at all oxygen concentrations. The pink afterglow maximal intensity was reached at about 5–10 ms at the wall temperature of 300 K in the PYREX tube. The molecular ion emission was strongly quenched by the oxygen and as this was dominant process for the pink afterglow emission the pink afterglow effect disappears at oxygen concentration of about 2000 ppm. The temperature and wall material influences were observed, too. The post-discharge in nitrogen argon mixtures was studied only in the PYREX tube at the ambient wall temperature of 300 K. The power dissipated in an active discharge was constant of 290 kW. The experimental studies had two new parameters – total gas pressure (500 Pa – 5 000 Pa) and the argon concentrations that were varied in the range of 0–83 %. Also in this case the dependencies of relative intensities of the bands given above were obtained and further the relative populations of electronic states as a function of decay time, total gas pressure and on argon concentration were obtained. The pink afterglow effect was observed at all applied discharge powers and total gas pressures. At the highest argon concentrations, especially at lower pressure, the pink afterglow effect disappeared. The presented experimental work is one of the hugest sets of experiments in the nitrogen with oxygen traces and in nitrogen-argon mixtures. These data can be used as a very good fundament for the further studies using wide numeric modeling of the post-discharge kinetic processes.
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Midgley, Jonathan Peter. "Intramolecular dynamics in small aromatic molecules : vibrational redistribution and the application of photoelectron angular distributions." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.713703.

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Photochemistry and photophysics are prominent and important phenomena, being involved in such diverse processes as photosynthesis, vision and solar energy capture. An understand› ing of the mechanisms of energy flow after photoexcitation is integral to the reproduction or control of these processes. Such dynamical considerations are intimately related to spec› troscopy - the study of the interaction of light with matter - and by their nature must be treated using quantum mechanical methods. This work aims to build on the current understanding of, and the methods of monitor› ing , photo-initiated dynamics within individual gas-phase aromatic molecules. Multiphoton ionisation and valence photoelectron spectroscopy are used to excite and probe gas phase molecules that have been cooled by means of a supersonic expansion. A time-resolved ap› proach is employed in order to study the process of vibrational redistribution in electronically excited states; dynamics are initiated by a laser pulse of picosecond duration, and a second ionisation pulse, arriving a variable time delay later, is used to probe the changing state of the molecule. The vibrational state of the molecule is indicated by the energy distribution of the photoelectrons, which is measured using the velocity map imaging (VMI) technique. There is the possibility of resolving peaks corresponding to individual ionic vibrational states due to the relatively narrow bandwidth of the laser pulses. Observations are made of os› cillatory dynamics at a number of different energies in the first electronically excited state of para-difluorobenzene. Analysis reveals previously unobserved vibrational structure and sheds further light on the mechanisms of vibrational redistribution . These observations are compared and contrasted with those from fluorobenzene, toluene and para-fluorotoluene in order to investigate the effect of reducing symmetry and the presence of different functional groups on the observed dynamics. The angular distribution of the photoelectrons is also recorded as part of a VMI measurement. These distributions are determined by interference the between the partial waves that describe the wavefunctions of the outgoing electrons, and can be sensitive to the quantum states and alignment of molecules. The potential for using measurements of photoelectron angular distributions (PADs) to monitor intramolecular dynamics is evaluated.
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9

Chen, Yan Pei. "De la dissymétrie des distributions locales des vitesses dans un gaz granulaires stationnaires excités par vibration, et de l'impossibilité de sa description à l'aide de l'hydrodynamique classique." Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ECAP0016/document.

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La présente thèse est consacrée à l'étude expérimentale et la simulation de la dynamique des gaz granulaires vibro-fluidisés. Les gaz granulaires sont caractérisés par une dissipation due aux collisions inélastiques. Pour maintenir cet état à l'équilibre mécanique (stationnarité), l'énergie est injectée en continu depuis les bords vibrant pour équilibrer la dissipation des vibrations. Ce système fournit une base d'étude de la physique des systèmes non-linéaires, hors équilibre thermodynamique et dissipatifs. Cette thèse insiste sur la nécessité d'intégrer, de comprendre et de rendre compte de la situation inhomogène de la distribution locale dans les gaz granulaires et permet la construction d'un nouveau modèle de gaz granulaires fluidisés par des vibrations. Cette approche inclut (i) des résultats expérimentaux 2d en micro-gravité dans l'Airbus A300 0-g de Novespace, des expériences 2d avec des cellules (et des vibrations) horizontales, des expériences 2d sur plan incliné (avec vibrations et cellules inclinées et avec une gravité effective variable), ainsi que des simulations de dynamique moléculaire par la méthode " event-driven" appliquée à chaque choc. Ces résultats confortent les simulations 3D de Liu et al. Les expériences en micro-gravité dans Airbus A380 (vol parabolique) permettent d'éviter les frottements avec les parois planes et éliminent l'effet de gravité. Les distributions locales de la vitesse dans la direction de vibrations sont asymétriques partout (à l'exception de la zone centrale de la cellule par raison de symétrie). L' équipartition de l'énergie n'est pas vérifiée dans la cellule, l'énergie est distribuée de manière inhomogène, anisotrope et directionnelle. La " température granulaire " n'est plus une mesure efficace pour décrire un tel système. On rend compte de ces résultats à l'aide d'une superposition de deux modèle gaussien pour décrire les profils locaux de vitesse asymétriques le long de la direction de vibration. Les résultats des simulations de dynamique moléculaire 2d en gravité nulle montrent les mêmes tendances et confortent les résultats l'expérimentaux (dissymétrie des distributions de vitesse locales). Cette dissymétrie est un effet à longue portée et est liée à la dissipation du système: Elle augmente si le coefficient de restitution billes-billes diminue ou lorsque le nombre de particules augmente. La dissymétrie disparaît lorsque les chocs billes-billes sont élastiques. Cet effet ne peut être ignoré et doit être traité comme la frontière d'une "nouvelle hydrodynamique". Dans les expériences de vibrations sur cellule 2D et plan inclinés parallèles aux vibrations, l'angle d'inclinaison a été modifié de façon systématique de l'horizontale à la verticale, pour simuler différentes gravités effectives. Les résultats confirment une dissymétrie locale des distributions de vitesse locales, à laquelle se rajoute une dissymétrie supplémentaire liée à la gravité, provoquant une densité différente en haut et en bas de la cellule. Ces études sont les prémices, nous le pensons, d’une nouvelle vision de la mécanique des gaz granulaires réels dissipatifs
The present thesis is dedicated to the experimental and simulation study of vibro-fluidized granular gases dynamics. Granular gases are characterized by dissipation due to inelastic collisions. To keep a steady state, continuous energy is injected to balance dissipation by vibration. This system provides a platform to study the physics of non-linear, non-equilibrium and dissipative systems. This dissertation insisted on the necessity of understanding the local state in the granular gases and building a new model for vibration-fluidized granular gases. Research approach included experiments in micro-gravity, event-driven molecular dynamic simulation and experiments in tilted plane with various gravity. Micro-gravity experiments were performed on Airbus A380 (Parabolic flight) to avoid friction with the bottom and gravity field. A long range boundary effect is found to exist in 2D vibration granular gases. Local distributions of the velocity component in the vibration direction are asymmetric in the whole cell except for the center bin. In the system, energy equi-partition breaks down. ``Granular temperature" is not efficient to describe such a system. We proposed a superposition of two Gaussian model to describe the local asymmetric velocity profiles along the vibration direction. We demonstrated the performance of this model by the Airbus experimental data and others’ simulation works. Event-driven molecular dynamics simulation was utilized. Results showed support for experiment results. Furthermore, we found this long range boundary effect is related to the system dissipation. This effect becomes pronounced if the coefficient of restitution (e<1) decreased or the number of particles increased. For the elastic situation, there is no such effect. This effect cannot be ignored and treated only as a local boundary effect as in hydrodynamics. We studied a 2D vibration fluidized granular system in a tilted plane systematically. The inclined angle is changed from horizontal to vertical, changing the "effective gravity". These results also showed asymmetric local velocity distributions. Other than the number density profiles deviate from an exponential form, the spatial profiles of the number density of particles moving up and down are not equal, and non symetric from cell center
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10

Asnaashari, Erfan. "Vibration-based damage detection in structures." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/vibrationbased-damage-detection-in-structures(09061582-55fb-4fba-846e-2156dd4ef172).html.

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Structural health monitoring systems have a great potential for cost saving and safety improvement in different types of structures. One of the most important tasks of these systems is to identify damage at an early stage of its development. A variety of methods may be used to identify, locate, or quantify the extent of damage or fault in a structural or mechanical component. However, the preferable method is the one which maximises the probability of detecting the flaw, while also considering feasibility of in-situ testing, ease of use and economic factors. Cracks are one of the common defects in structural components that may ultimately lead to failure of structures if not detected. The presence of cracks in a structure brings about local variations in the stiffness of the structure. These variations cause the dynamic behaviour of the cracked structure to be different from that of a healthy one. Vibration-based damage detection methods have attracted considerable attention over the past few decades. These methods generally use changes to the physical properties of structures for the purpose of crack detection. In this thesis, two new vibration-based methods have been developed for damage detection in beam-like and rotor-type structures. The first method performs the entire signal processing required for crack detection in time domain. It is based on assessing the normality of vibration responses using the normal probability plot (NPP). The amount of deviation between the actual and normal distribution of measured vibration responses was calculated along the length of the structure to localise the crack. The second proposed method converts the vibration responses into frequency domain for further processing. Excitation of the cracked structure at a given frequency always generates higher harmonic components of the exciting frequency due to the breathing of the crack. This method uses the operational deflection shape of the structure at the exciting frequency and its higher harmonics to identify the crack location. Avoiding complicated signal processing in frequency domain is the main advantage of the first method. However, more precise identification of crack locations can be obtained through the second method. Generally, both methods have the advantage of being easy, reference-free and applicable to in-situ testing for any structure. The concept and computational approach of both methods along with their validations through numerical and experimental examples have been presented. Moreover, different input excitations have been used to evaluate the capability of the developed methods in detecting the crack location(s).
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Books on the topic "Vibrational distribution"

1

Gillespie, W. D. Raman scattering measurements of vibrational and rotational distributions in expanding nitrogen. Washington: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1993.

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Dempsey, J. P. IUTAM Symposium on Scaling Laws in Ice Mechanics and Ice Dynamics: Proceedings of the IUTAM Symposium held in Fairbanks, Alaska, U.S.A., 13-16 June 2000. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001.

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Wu, K. Chauncey. Free vibration of hexagonal panels simply supported at discrete points. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1991.

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Liu, Chao-Shih. Analysis, approach and assessment of vibration criteria in shipboard machinery condition monitoring and diagnostics. Monterey, Calif: Naval Postgraduate School, 1993.

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Naess, A. IUTAM Symposium on Advances in Nonlinear Stochastic Mechanics: Proceedings of the IUTAM Symposium held in Trondheim, Norway, 3-7 July 1995. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996.

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Martinez-Sanchez, Manuel. Turbine blade-tip clearance excitation forces: Final report on Contract number NAS8-35018. Cambridge, Mass: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985.

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Martinez-Sanchez, Manuel. Turbine blade-tip clearance excitation forces: Final report on Contract number NAS8-35018. Cambridge, Mass: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985.

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Young, Peter C. Recursive Estimation and Time-Series Analysis: An Introduction for the Student and Practitioner. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2011.

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Rosen, I. Gary. Spline-based Rayleigh-Ritz methods for the approximation of the natural modes of vibration for flexible beams with tip bodies. Hampton, Va: Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering, NASA Langley Research Center, 1985.

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First course on fuzzy theory and applications. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Vibrational distribution"

1

Bréchignac, Ph, and J. P. E. Taran. "Vibrational Distribution and Rate Constants for Vibrational Energy Transfer." In Nonequilibrium Vibrational Kinetics, 233–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-48615-9_8.

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Kühne, T., and P. Vöhringer. "Transient Product Vibrational Population Distribution in the Femtosecond Photodissociation of Triiodide." In Springer Series in Chemical Physics, 249–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80314-7_108.

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Kustova, E. V., and E. A. Nagnibeda. "The Influence of Non-Boltzmann Vibrational Distribution on Thermal Conductivity and Viscosity." In Molecular Physics and Hypersonic Flows, 383–92. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0267-1_23.

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McMorrow, D., W. T. Lotshaw, T. R. Dickson, and G. A. Kenney-Wallace. "Coherent Vibrational Motion in Liquids: The Inhomogeneously Broadened Distribution of Intermolecular Oscillators." In Ultrafast Phenomena VI, 545–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83644-2_152.

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Hiskes, J. R., and A. M. Karo. "Interpretation and Analysis of the H2 Vibrational Distribution in a Hydrogen Discharge." In Nonequilibrium Processes in Partially Ionized Gases, 525–31. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3780-9_42.

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Ryabov, E. A. "Raman Spectroscopy of the Inter- and Intramolecular Vibrational Distribution in ir Multiple-Photon Excited Molecules." In Laser Spectroscopy of Highly Vibrationally Excited Molecules, 55–105. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003208921-2.

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Gorse, C., and M. Capitelli. "Non-Equilibrium Vibrational, Electronic and Dissociation Kinetics in Molecular Plasmas and their Coupling with the Electron Energy Distribution Function." In Molecular Physics and Hypersonic Flows, 437–49. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0267-1_27.

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Lalanne, Christian. "Probability Distribution of Maxima of Random Vibration." In Random Vibration, 295–341. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118931158.ch6.

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Capitelli, M., C. Gorse, and A. Ricard. "Coupling of Vibrational and Electronic Energy Distributions in Discharge and Post-Discharge Conditions." In Nonequilibrium Vibrational Kinetics, 315–37. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-48615-9_11.

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Chen, Huahan, and Xuecheng Bian. "Discrete Element Simulation Study of Contact Pressure Distribution Between Sleeper and Ballasts." In Environmental Vibrations and Transportation Geodynamics, 189–95. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4508-0_17.

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Conference papers on the topic "Vibrational distribution"

1

Bretagne, Jean, Mario Capitelli, and Claudine Gorse. "Modeling of electron energy distribution functions and vibrational distributions in volume H− ion sources." In AIP Conference Proceedings Volume 158. AIP, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.36570.

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Kikunaga, Kazuya, Hiroshi Yamashita, Masahiro Egashira, and Kazuhiro Nonaka. "Measurement technique of vibrational distribution using static electricity and capacitance." In 2015 IEEE International Symposium on Inertial Sensors and Systems (ISISS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isiss.2015.7102370.

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Singh, Narendra, and Thomas E. Schwartzentruber. "Non-Boltzmann Vibrational Energy Distribution Model for Shock-Heated Flows." In AIAA Scitech 2020 Forum. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2020-1715.

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Levin, Deborah A. "A new OH vibrational distribution model developed using molecular dynamics." In RAREFIED GAS DYNAMICS: 22nd International Symposium. AIP, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1407620.

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Josyula, Eswar. "Vibrational Population Depletion in Thermal Dissociation for Nonequilibrium Energy Distribution." In RAREFIED GAS DYNAMICS: 23rd International Symposium. AIP, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1581560.

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Azyazov, Valery N., Alexander V. Gorokhov, Sergei Pichugin, Vladimir S. Safonov, and Nikolay I. Ufimtsev. "Vibrational energy distribution of oxygen in the chemical oxygen-iodine laser." In Saratov Fall Meeting 2001, edited by Vladimir L. Derbov, Leonid A. Melnikov, and Lev M. Babkov. SPIE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.469603.

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Derré, Jérémie, and Frank Simon. "Vibrational behavior of sandwich structures overloaded by fractal distribution of masses." In 172nd Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America. Acoustical Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/2.0000602.

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Grigorian, G. M., and I. V. Kochetov. "The influence of laser oscillations on the CO vibrational distribution function." In Laser Optics 2006: High-Power Gas Lasers, edited by Oleg B. Danilov. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.740610.

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Lempert, Walter, Wonchul Lee, Robert Leiweke, and Igor Adamovich. "Spectroscopic measurments of temperature and vibrational distribution function in weakly ionized gases." In 21st Aerodynamic Measurement Technology and Ground Testing Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2000-2451.

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Smith, W., and N. Sale. "Practical numerical solution for the vibrational population distribution in a flowfield environment." In 30th Thermophysics Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1995-2074.

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Reports on the topic "Vibrational distribution"

1

Woodin, A. O. Nascent Vibrational/Rotational Distribution Produced by Hydrogen Atom Recombination. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada193005.

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Chen, H. C., A. W. Ali, and A. V. Phelps. Dependence of the Electron Energy Distribution on the Vibrational Temperature in the Electrically Excited N2. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada476586.

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Maidanik, G. Vibration Damping by a Nearly Continuous Distribution of Nearly Undamped Oscillators. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada362958.

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