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Journal articles on the topic 'Vich'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Cortesi, Paolo, Charles E. McCulloch, Haiyue Song, Haiqun Lin, and Michael G. Milgroom. "Genetic Control of Horizontal Virus Transmission in the Chestnut Blight Fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica." Genetics 159, no. 1 (September 1, 2001): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/159.1.107.

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Abstract Vegetative incompatibility in fungi has long been known to reduce the transmission of viruses between individuals, but the barrier to transmission is incomplete. In replicated laboratory assays, we showed conclusively that the transmission of viruses between individuals of the chestnut blight fungus Cryphonectria parasitica is controlled primarily by vegetative incompatibility (vic) genes. By replicating vic genotypes in independent fungal isolates, we quantified the effect of heteroallelism at each of six vic loci on virus transmission. Transmission occurs with 100% frequency when donor and recipient isolates have the same vic genotypes, but heteroallelism at one or more vic loci generally reduces virus transmission. Transmission was variable among single heteroallelic loci. At the extremes, heteroallelism at vic4 had no effect on virus transmission, but transmission occurred in only 21% of pairings that were heteroallelic at vic2. Intermediate frequencies of transmission were observed when vic3 and vic6 were heteroallelic (76 and 32%, respectively). When vic1, vic2, and vic7 were heteroallelic, the frequency of transmission depended on which alleles were present in the donor and the recipient. The effect of heteroallelism at two vic loci was mostly additive, although small but statistically significant interactions (epistasis) were observed in four pairs of vic loci. A logistic regression model was developed to predict the probability of virus transmission between vic genotypes. Heteroallelism at vic loci, asymmetry, and epistasis were the dominant factors controlling transmission, but host genetic background also was statistically significant, indicating that vic genes alone cannot explain all the variation in virus transmission. Predictions from the logistic regression model were highly correlated to independent transmission tests with field isolates. Our model can be used to estimate horizontal transmission rates as a function of host genetics in natural populations of C. parasitica.

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2

Cortesi, Paolo, and Michael G. Milgroom. "Genetics of Vegetative Incompatibility inCryphonectria parasitica." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64, no. 8 (August 1, 1998): 2988–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.64.8.2988-2994.1998.

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ABSTRACT Vegetative incompatibility in the chestnut blight fungus,Cryphonectria parasitica, in Europe is controlled by six unlinked vic loci, each with two alleles. Four previously identified vic loci (vic1, vic2,vic3, and vic4) were polymorphic in European vegetative compatibility (vc) types. Two new loci, vic6 andvic7, also were identified among European vc types. In one cross, vic genes segregated independently at five loci, and 194 progeny were assigned to 32 vc types; none of these loci were linked. A total of 64 vc types were identified from all crosses. All 64 genotypes possible from six vic loci, each with two alleles (26 = 64), were identified and assigned to vc types. Based on our model, vc types v-c 5 and v-c 10, which had been used in previous genetic studies, differ by only five vic genes. Future studies of vc types in C. parasitica can use knowledge of vic genotypes for analysis of population genetic structure based on vic allele frequencies and to determine the effect of each vic gene on virus transmission between vc types.

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3

Kaur, Arjinder. "Sri Guru Granth Vich Prastut Mull Vidhant." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN LINGUISTICS 3, no. 2 (March 25, 2014): 208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jal.v3i2.2082.

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Sri guru granth sahib bharat di dharmik ate darshnik prampra da oh vadmulla sarmaya hai, jis vich chintan ate phalasphe nu satkare'a gaya hai. Eh guru sahiban ji di maulik ate and alukik vichaar dhara da sarup hai.

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4

Welland, Grant V. "Z Transform Theory and Applications (Robert Vich)." SIAM Review 31, no. 1 (March 1989): 171–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/1031044.

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5

Tkach, V. V., Y. V. Bobrik, E. I. Fedosov, and A. V. Tkach. "KLINICHESKIY SLUCHAY KANDIDOZNOGO ENTSEFALITA U VICH-INFITSIROVANNOGO PATSIYENTA." Vestnik of Russian military medical Academy 3, no. 67 (2019): 147–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32863/1682-7392-2019-3-67-147-149.

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6

Aoki, Toshio, Masayoshi Kawaguchi, Haruko Imaizumi-Anraku, Shoichiro Akao, Shin-ichi Ayabe, and Tomoyoshi Akashi. "Mutants of Lotus japonicus deficient in flavonoid biosynthesis." Journal of Plant Research 134, no. 2 (February 11, 2021): 341–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10265-021-01258-8.

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AbstractSpatiotemporal features of anthocyanin accumulation in a model legume Lotus japonicus (Regel) K.Larsen were elucidated to develop criteria for the genetic analysis of flavonoid biosynthesis. Artificial mutants and wild accessions, with lower anthocyanin accumulation in the stem than the standard wild type (B-129 ‘Gifu’), were obtained by ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis and from a collection of wild-grown variants, respectively. The loci responsible for the green stem of the mutants were named as VIRIDICAULIS (VIC). Genetic and chemical analysis identified two loci, namely, VIC1 and VIC2, required for the production of both anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins), and two loci, namely, VIC3 and VIC4, required for the steps specific to anthocyanin biosynthesis. A mutation in VIC5 significantly reduced the anthocyanin accumulation. These mutants will serve as a useful system for examining the effects of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins on the interactions with herbivorous pests, pathogenic microorganisms and nitrogen-fixing symbiotic bacteria, Mesorhizobium loti.

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7

Tendeng, Christian, Cyril Badaut, Evelyne Krin, Pierre Gounon, Saravuth Ngo, Antoine Danchin, Sylvie Rimsky, and Philippe Bertin. "Isolation and Characterization of vicH, Encoding a New Pleiotropic Regulator in Vibrio cholerae." Journal of Bacteriology 182, no. 7 (April 1, 2000): 2026–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.182.7.2026-2032.2000.

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ABSTRACT During the last decade, the hns gene and its product, the H-NS protein, have been extensively studied in Escherichia coli. H-NS-like proteins seem to be widespread in gram-negative bacteria. However, unlike in E. coli and inSalmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, little is known about their role in the physiology of those organisms. In this report, we describe the isolation of vicH, an hns-like gene in Vibrio cholerae, the etiological agent of cholera. This gene was isolated from a V. cholerae genomic library by complementation of different phenotypes associated with anhns mutation in E. coli. It encodes a 135-amino-acid protein showing approximately 50% identity with both H-NS and StpA in E. coli. Despite a low amino acid conservation in the N-terminal part, VicH is able to cross-react with anti-H-NS antibodies and to form oligomers in vitro. ThevicH gene is expressed as a single gene from two promoters in tandem and is induced by cold shock. A V. choleraewild-type strain expressing a vicHΔ92 gene lacking its 3′ end shows pleiotropic alterations with regard to mucoidy and salicin metabolism. Moreover, this strain is unable to swarm on semisolid medium. Similarly, overexpression of the vicH wild-type gene results in an alteration of swarming behavior. This suggests that VicH could be involved in the virulence process in V. cholerae, in particular by affecting flagellum biosynthesis.

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8

Robinson, Joseph A. "Assessing Environmental Impacts of Veterinary Products: Lessons from VICH." Drug Information Journal 41, no. 2 (March 2007): 169–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009286150704100208.

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9

Ulyukin, I. M., M. A. Bulygin, Y. I. Bulankov, and E. S. Orlova. "GENERALIZOVANNYY KRIPTOKOKKOZ PRI VICH-INFEKTSII NA FONE KRIPTOGENNOGO TSIRROZA PECHENI." Vestnik of Russian military medical Academy 3, no. 67 (2019): 150–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32863/1682-7392-2019-3-67-150-151.

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10

Vila Ferrer, Salvador. "La recuperación del patio del palacio del Embajador Vich (Valencia)." Loggia, Arquitectura & Restauración, no. 12 (December 2, 2001): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/loggia.2001.3606.

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<p>En este escrito se presentan los argumentos de la otra parte en la polémica sobre la reconstrucción del patio del Palacio del Embajador Vich que se ha iniciado en el artículo anterior. El autor justifica la necesidad de esta operación de recomposición en aras de un rescate arquitectónico de la memoria perdida, no sólo del extraordinario patio renacentista sino también del refectorio gótico del ex-Convento del Carmen, donde sostiene la bondad añadida de la operación de desmontaje y liberación. La redacción de LOGGIA desea con estos dos artículos servir como foro de debate a esta delicada controversia que implica conceptos como desmontaje, derrestauración, traslado, recreación o reconstrucción de fragmentos dispersos de nuestro patrimonio arquitectónico.</p>

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11

del Valle Idárraga, Mónica María. "Estudios culturales, trabajo académico y acción política, entrevista a Víctor Vich." Tabula Rasa, no. 20 (June 30, 2014): 373–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.25058/20112742.183.

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12

Iborra Bernad, Federico. "Entorn de la portada renaixentista del palau de l’ambaixador Vich a València." Locus Amoenus 15 (December 22, 2017): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/locus.307.

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13

Usandizaga Lleonart, Helena. "Review: "Poetas peruanos del siglo XX. Lecturas críticas" (2018), by Víctor Vich." Mitologías hoy 21 (June 22, 2020): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/mitologias.697.

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14

Gutiérrez-Domínguez, Luis F. "Exilio, memoria y poder: Ángel Palerm Vich y el pensamiento antropológico mexicano." Agricultura Sociedad y Desarrollo 12, no. 1 (March 31, 2015): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.22231/asyd.v12i1.114.

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15

Zmushko, E. I., E. V. Churnosov, and E. E. Shuvalova. "SISTEMNAYa OTsENKA RISKA RASPROSTRANENIYa INFEKTsIONNYKh ZABOLEVANIY (NA MODELYaKh TUBERKULEZNOY I VICh-INFEKTsII)." Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases 17, no. 3 (June 15, 2012): 60–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/eid40679.

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16

Wagner, Christian, Antoine de Saizieu, Hans-Joachim Schönfeld, Markus Kamber, Roland Lange, Charles J. Thompson, and Malcolm G. Page. "Genetic Analysis and Functional Characterization of the Streptococcus pneumoniae vic Operon." Infection and Immunity 70, no. 11 (November 2002): 6121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.70.11.6121-6128.2002.

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ABSTRACT The vic two-component signal transduction system of Streptococcus pneumoniae is essential for growth. The vic operon comprises three genes encoding the following: VicR, a response regulator of the OmpR family; VicK, its cognate histidine kinase; and VicX, a putative protein sharing 55% identity to the predicted product (YycJ) of an open reading frame in the Bacillus subtilis genome. We show that not only is vic essential for viability but it also influences virulence and competence. A putative transcriptional start site for the vic operon was mapped 16 bp upstream of the ATG codon of vicR. Only one transcript of 2.9 kb, encoding all three genes, was detected by Northern blot analysis. VicK, an atypical PAS domain-containing histidine kinase, can be autophosphorylated in vitro, and VicR functions in vitro as a phospho-acceptor protein. (PAS is an acronym formed from the names of the proteins in which the domains were first recognized: the Drosophila period clock protein [PER], vertebrate aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator [ARNT], and Drosophila single-minded protein [SIM].) PAS domains are commonly involved in sensing intracellular signals such as redox potential, which suggests that the signal for vic might also originate in the cytoplasm. Growth rate, competence, and virulence were monitored in strains with mutations in the vic operon. Overexpression of the histidine kinase, VicK, resulted in decreased virulence, whereas the transformability of a null mutant decreased by 3 orders of magnitude.

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17

Estaban Chapapría, Julián. "Impostación del patio del Embajador Vich en el ex-convento del Carmen (Valencia)." Loggia, Arquitectura & Restauración, no. 12 (December 2, 2001): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/loggia.2001.3605.

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<p>La demolición del singular Palacio del Embajador Vich en 1859 trajo consigo la dispersión de los restos de su magnífico patio renacentista que, en parte, fueron impostados en el refectorio gótico del ex-Convento del Carmen de Valencia en 1909. El hallazgo de otro conjunto de fragmentos del patio en el Museo de Bellas Artes de la ciudad ha despertado la iniciativa del desmontaje de las piezas integradas en el refectorio y la recomposición museística del patio con los fragmentos que se conservan. El presente artículo defiende la intervención ecléctica de principios de siglo y plantea dudas sobre la oportunidad de esta doble operación.</p>

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18

Rogers, Steve. "VICH good clinical practice: preparing for study conduct change in the United States." Quality Assurance Journal 5, no. 2 (2001): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qaj.134.

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19

PÉrez-Lozano, Pilar, Encarna GarcÍa-Montoya, Anna Orriols, Montse MiÑarro, Josep Ramon TicÓ, and Josep Maria SuÑÉ-Negre. "Application of a Validated Method in the Stability Study of Colistin Sulfate and Methylparaben in a Veterinary Suspension Formulation by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with a Diode Array Detector." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 90, no. 3 (May 1, 2007): 706–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/90.3.706.

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Abstract A methodology following International Cooperation on Harmonization for Veterinary Products (VICH) guidelines for the stability evaluation of colistin sulfate in a nonaqueous suspension pharmaceutical dosage form for veterinary use (via their drinking water) is described. This method monitors the percentage of colistin sulfate during the stability study of the preparation in drinking water and establishes the shelf life of the final product by a new high-performance liquid chromatography method which was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of colistin sulfate [colistin A (Polymixin E1) and colistin B (Polymixin E2)] and methylparaben (Nipagin<sup/>) using a diode array detector (DAD). The method uses a Kromasil C18 column and isocratic elution. The mobile phase consisted of an acetonitrilesodium sulfate anhydrous solution (25 + 75) pumped at a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min. The DAD was set at 215 nm. The validation study was carried out according to the VICH guidelines in order to prove that the new analytical method meets the reliability characteristics, which include the fundamental criteria for validation: selectivity, linearity, precision, accuracy, and sensitivity. The method was applied during the quality control or stability studies of the suspension dosage form in order to quantify the drug (colistin) and preservative, and proved to be suitable for rapid and reliable quality control.

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20

Iborra Bernad, Federico, and María José López Azorín. "Sobre la distribución del palacio del Embajador Vich y algunas reflexiones en torno a su patio." Ars Longa. Cuadernos de arte, no. 27 (January 11, 2019): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/arslonga.27.12327.

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El palacio del Embajador Vich es todavía una de las grandes asignaturas pendientes de la historiografía valenciana. Su patio, reconstruido en el Museo de Bellas Artes de Valencia, ha sido estudiado por diversos autores en las últimas décadas y se ha relacionado con el panorama romano de la época, asumiendo no obstante su autoría local. En cuanto al resto del edifcio, apenas se ha tratado sobre él, más allá de algunas interpretaciones basadas en los planos de Tosca y Fortea. En el presente artículo pretendemos contribuir a conocer algo mejor la residencia histórica de los barones de Llaurí a partir de dos inventarios del siglo XVII. Igualmente reflexionaremos sobre algunas incógnitas todavía abiertas en torno al patio, en muchos aspectos más florentino que romano, tras cuyas trazas podría estar la figura del pintor Fernando Yáñez de la Almedina.

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21

Zhao, Xiongce, Emily Smith, Aimee Phillippi-Taylor, and Virginia Recta. "Revisiting the adequacy of infection criteria recommended in VICH GL 7 for anthelmintic effectiveness studies: Retrospective simulations." Veterinary Parasitology 289 (January 2021): 109324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2020.109324.

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22

Gómez-Ferrer, Mercedes. "El cardenal Guillem Ramón de Vich y las relaciones entre Roma y Valencia. a comienzos del siglo XVI." Histoire et littérature de l'Europe du Nord-Ouest, no. 40 (January 1, 2009): 197–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/hleno.231.

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23

Bautier, Robert-Henri. "Un ensemble documentaire pour l'histoire des pestes du XIVe siècle : l'exemple de la ville de Vich en Catalogne." Comptes-rendus des séances de l année - Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres 132, no. 2 (1988): 432–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/crai.1988.14622.

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24

Webster, G. K., H. Li, W. J. Sanders, C. L. Basel, and G. Huang. "Column Robustness Case Study for a Liquid Chromatographic Method Validated in Compliance with ICH, VICH, and GMP Guidelines." Journal of Chromatographic Science 39, no. 7 (July 1, 2001): 273–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/39.7.273.

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25

Cerdan, Rachel, Vanessa Bloch, Yinshan Yang, Philippe Bertin, Christian Dumas, Sylvie Rimsky, Michel Kochoyan, and Stefan T. Arold. "Crystal Structure of the N-terminal Dimerisation Domain of VicH, the H-NS-like Protein of Vibrio cholerae." Journal of Molecular Biology 334, no. 2 (November 2003): 179–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2003.09.051.

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26

Cañas Reíllo, José Manuel. "Fragmentos españoles de la Vulgata de 1-2 Macabeos: el fragmento de Vich y la Biblia de Valvanera; edición y estudio." Sefarad 60, no. 1 (June 12, 2018): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/sefarad.2000.v60.i1.777.

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En este artículo se editan y estudian por primera vez dos testimonios fragmentarios de la Vulgata de 1-2 Macabeos de origen español. Ambos aportan luz a dos aspectos diferentes que atañen a la historia de la Vulgata latina en los siglos X y XI en España. El primero se trata del fragmento del Museo Episcopal de Vich (fragmento XIII/19, folio 8), del siglo XI, que contiene texto de 1 Macabeos 1,46-2,12, y es un ejemplo del tipo de texto de Vulgata de 1 Macabeos utilizado en Cataluña en el siglo XI. El otro testimonio es la perdida Biblia de Valvanera, de cuyo texto de Vulgata sólo se han conservado algunas lecturas copiadas a modo de glosas marginales por H. del Castillo en 1561 en el incunable de El Escorial, 54.V.35.

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27

Fominykh, T. A., B. L. Kutsevol, V. V. Kisel’ev, A. N. Zakharova, V. S. Ulanov, A. G. Saenko, and O. Yu Gritskevich. "PROFESSOR ANATOLY ANDREEVICH BABANIN (THE 80TH ANNIVERSARY)." Crimea Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 10, no. 2 (2020): 112–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2224-6444-2020-10-2-112-115.

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The article is dedicated to the 80th anniversary of the Doctor of Medical Sciences (MD), Professor Anatoly Andree- vich Babanin. The article highlights the main events in the life of the famous scientist, lists the main achievements and scientific achievements. The life and scientific activities of Anatoly Andreevich are inextricably linked with the Crimean Medical Institute (University), within the walls of which the future professor first received a higher medical education, and then, after years of successful scientific activity, headed the university as a rector for many years. Thanks to the talented leadership, the Crimean Medical University has reached a high level of scientific and technological develop- ment and international recognition. For long productive work and scientific achievements, Professor A.A. Babanin awarded numerous government and international awards and titles, and currently continues active work for the benefit of higher medical education in Crimea.

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Ramos Solano, Erick. "Víctor Vich. Voces más allá de lo simbólico. Ensayos sobre poesía peruana. México D. F.: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 2013." Revista Iberoamericana 254 (March 22, 2016): 257–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/reviberoamer.2016.7377.

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29

MARION, H. "Antimicrobial resistance and the guidelines of the International Cooperation on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Veterinary Medicinal Products (VICH)." Revue Scientifique et Technique de l'OIE 31, no. 1 (April 1, 2012): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.20506/rst.31.1.2113.

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Yu, Juyoung, and Jongsung Kim. "Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO Doped with Gold Nanoparticles for Improved Photocatalytic Activity." Science of Advanced Materials 13, no. 5 (May 1, 2021): 944–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2021.3980.

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Recently, gold nanoparticles have been widely employed to achieve the activation of the catalytic properties of semiconductors for the decomposition of organic dyes. In this study, gold nanoparticles were prepared by Turke-vich method using HAuCl4 and trisodium citrate dehydrate. gold nanoparticles with size of 18, 20, and 22 nm were prepared by controlling the trisodium citrate dehydrate concentration and reaction time. Furthermore, ZnO nanorods were prepared using zinc nitrate hexahydrate through a hydrothermal process. Finally, ZnO doped with gold nanoparticles nanocomposite photocatalysts were prepared by mixing ZnO and gold nanoparticles and drying at 60 °C. The photocatalytic activity of the nanocomposites was evaluated through the degradation of Rhodamine B dye under solar light. ZnO doped with 22 nm of gold nanoparticles showed the highest photocatalytic activity, providing up to 78.6% dye degradation. The highest photocatalytic activity of the ZnO doped with 22 nm of gold nanoparticles nanocomposite was probably due to the increased surface plasmon resonance effect of the gold nanoparticles.

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Galiana Agulló, Mercedes, Ángeles Mas Tomás, Carlos Lerma Elvira, and Salvador Conesa Tejada. "Propuesta de reconstrucción virtual y material por anastilosis de los restos arqueológicos del patio del palacio renacentista del Embajador Vich en Valencia, España." Virtual Archaeology Review 4, no. 9 (November 5, 2013): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2013.4237.

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<p>Ambassador Vich’s palace in Valencia (1526-1858) was one of the first examples of renaissance architecture in Spain. After its demolition, part of the courtyard’s marbles was conserved, gathered, after a century and a half of pilgrimage in a unifying intervention in the Museum of Fine Arts of San Pío V in 2006. The recovery of the spatial, composite and material essence of the monument remains incomplete, as the cornices and frames that decorated the surrounding lower gallery are missing; archaeological remains made with grey Italian limestone, Pietra Serena, which together with the white Carrara marble, created the typical two-colour of these, such “Brunelleschian” composite games. The virtual anastylosis allows a proposal to be launched for the material recovery of the emblematic monument, favouring as such the correct reading of the same.</p>

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Yao, Chih-Hsiang, Ica Manas-Zloczower, Roberto Regalia, and Luigi Pomini. "Distributive Mixing in Variable Intermeshing Clearance Mixers: Simulation and Experiments." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 71, no. 4 (September 1, 1998): 690–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538498.

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Abstract Distributive mixing performance in Variable Intermeshing Clearance (VIC) mixers was studied numerically and verified experimentally. A fluid dynamics analysis package (FIDAP), based on the finite element method, was employed to simulate the flow patterns in the original lab size mixer (VIC1) and a new design with an enlarged mixing chamber (VIC2). Distributive mixing was studied numerically by means of tracking the evolution of particles originally gathered as clusters. The results of numerical simulations were checked against experimental data to verify the validity of the model. Both the numerical simulations and the experimental data indicate that the VIC2 design, with an enlarged mixing chamber, shows consistently better distributive mixing results in comparison with the traditional VIC1. In both mixers, increasing the inter-rotor clearance improves distributive mixing. However, enlarging the gap size too much in the bridge region, in the VIC2 mixer, becomes detrimental for mixing. The initial position of the clusters is also important in distributive mixing. Clusters located in the middle of the bridge region are better distributed than the ones located on the sides, particularly at small inter-rotor clearances.

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Yévenes, Karina, Ekaterina Pokrant, Lina Trincado, Lisette Lapierre, Nicolás Galarce, Betty San Martín, Aldo Maddaleno, Héctor Hidalgo, and Javiera Cornejo. "Detection of Antimicrobial Residues in Poultry Litter: Monitoring a Risk through a Selective and Sensitive HPLC–MS/MS Method." Animals 11, no. 5 (May 14, 2021): 1399. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11051399.

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Tetracyclines, sulphonamides, and quinolones are families of antimicrobials (AMs) widely used in the poultry industry and can excrete up to 90% of AMs administrated, which accumulate in poultry litter. Worryingly, poultry litter is widely used as an agriculture fertilizer, contributing to the spread AMs residues in the environment. The aim of this research was to develop a method that could simultaneously identify and quantify three AMs families in poultry litter by high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS). Samples of AMs free poultry litter were used to validate the method according to 657/2002/EC and VICH GL49. Results indicate that limit of detection (LOD) ranged from 8.95 to 20.86 μg kg−1, while limits of quantitation (LOQ) values were between 26.85 and 62.58 µg kg−1 of tetracycline, 4-epi-tetracycline, oxytetracycline, 4-epi-oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, flumequine, sulfachloropyridazine, and sulfadiazine. Recoveries obtained ranged from 93 to 108%. The analysis of field samples obtained from seven commercial poultry flocks confirmed the adequacy of the method since it detected means concentrations ranging from 20 to 10,364 μg kg−1. This provides us an accurate and reliable tool to monitor AMs residues in poultry litter and control its use as agricultural fertilizer.

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Tremblay, Yannick D. N., Henry Lo, Yung-Hua Li, Scott A. Halperin, and Song F. Lee. "Expression of the Streptococcus mutans essential two-component regulatory system VicRK is pH and growth-phase dependent and controlled by the LiaFSR three-component regulatory system." Microbiology 155, no. 9 (September 1, 2009): 2856–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.028456-0.

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As an inhabitant of the human oral cavity, Streptococcus mutans faces frequent environmental changes. Two-component regulatory systems (TCSs) play a critical role in responding to these changes. Recently, an essential TCS, VicRKX, has been identified. The objective of this study was to identify the environmental signal and bacterial factors regulating the expression of the vicRKX operon. The promoter of the vicRKX operon was fused to a promoterless lacZ reporter gene and introduced into S. mutans UA159. LacZ plate assay identified pH, vancomycin, ampicillin, penicillin G and polymyxin B, but not carbohydrates, as factors affecting expression. Using RNA dot-blotting, high levels of vicR transcript were observed in cells at the mid- and late-exponential phase of growth and in cells grown in media buffered at pH 7.8. Given that vicR expression was pH-dependent, the genes encoding a putative pH-sensing three-component regulatory system (LiaFSR) were deleted. The liaS mutant exhibited upregulation of vicR regardless of the growth condition. The role of VicK, VicX, and the competence-signal peptide (CSP) was also investigated; the results showed that vicR expression was not autoregulated and was downregulated by the CSP in a ComX-independent manner. In conclusion, the expression of vicRKX is influenced by culture pH, growth phase and antibiotic stress, and is regulated by LiaFRS.

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Senadheera, M. Dilani, Bernard Guggenheim, Grace A. Spatafora, Yi-Chen Cathy Huang, Jison Choi, David C. I. Hung, Jennifer S. Treglown, Steven D. Goodman, Richard P. Ellen, and Dennis G. Cvitkovitch. "A VicRK Signal Transduction System in Streptococcus mutans Affects gtfBCD, gbpB, and ftf Expression, Biofilm Formation, and Genetic Competence Development." Journal of Bacteriology 187, no. 12 (June 15, 2005): 4064–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.187.12.4064-4076.2005.

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ABSTRACT Bacteria exposed to transient host environments can elicit adaptive responses by triggering the differential expression of genes via two-component signal transduction systems. This study describes the vicRK signal transduction system in Streptococcus mutans. A vicK (putative histidine kinase) deletion mutant (SmuvicK) was isolated. However, a vicR (putative response regulator) null mutation was apparently lethal, since the only transformants isolated after attempted mutagenesis overexpressed all three genes in the vicRKX operon (Smuvic+). Compared with the wild-type UA159 strain, both mutants formed aberrant biofilms. Moreover, the vicK mutant biofilm formed in sucrose-supplemented medium was easily detachable relative to that of the parent. The rate of total dextran formation by this mutant was remarkably reduced compared to the wild type, whereas it was increased in Smuvic+. Based on real-time PCR, Smuvic+ showed increased gtfBCD, gbpB, and ftf expression, while a recombinant VicR fusion protein was shown to bind the promoter regions of the gtfB, gtfC, and ftf genes. Also, transformation efficiency in the presence or absence of the S. mutans competence-stimulating peptide was altered for the vic mutants. In vivo studies conducted using SmuvicK in a specific-pathogen-free rat model resulted in significantly increased smooth-surface dental plaque (Pearson-Filon statistic [PF], <0.001). While the absence of vicK did not alter the incidence of caries, a significant reduction in SmuvicK CFU counts was observed in plaque samples relative to that of the parent (PF, <0.001). Taken together, these findings support involvement of the vicRK signal transduction system in regulating several important physiological processes in S. mutans.

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Wang, S., L. Long, X. Yang, Y. Qiu, T. Tao, X. Peng, Y. Li, et al. "Dissecting the Role of VicK Phosphatase in Aggregation and Biofilm Formation of Streptococcus mutans." Journal of Dental Research 100, no. 6 (February 3, 2021): 631–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034520979798.

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VicRK (WalRK or YycFG) is a conserved 2-component regulatory system (TCS) that regulates cell division, cell wall biosynthesis, and homeostasis in low-GC Gram-positive bacteria. VicRK is also associated with biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans on the tooth surface as it directly regulates the extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) synthesis. Of the 2 components, VicK possesses both autokinase and phosphatase activities, which regulate the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of the regulator VicR in response to environmental cues. However, the dual mechanism of VicK as the autokinase/phosphatase in regulating S. mutans’ responses is not well elucidated. Previously, it has been shown that the phosphatase activity depends on the PAS domain and residues in the DHp domain of VicK in S. mutans. Specifically, mutating proline at 222 in the PAS domain inhibits VicK phosphatase activity. We generated a VicKP222A mutant to determine the level of VicR-P in the cytoplasm by Phos-tag sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. We show that in VicKP222A phosphatase, attenuation increased phosphorylated VicR (VicR-P) that downregulated glucosyltransferases, gtfBC, thereby reducing the synthesis of water-insoluble polysaccharides (WIS-EPS) in the biofilm. In addition, VicKP222A presented as long-rod cells, reduced growth, and displayed asymmetrical division. A major adhesin of S. mutans, SpaP was downregulated in VicKP222A, making it unable to agglutinate in saliva. In summary, we have confirmed that VicK phosphatase activity is critical to maintain optimal phosphorylation status of VicR in S. mutans, which is important for cell growth, cell division, EPS synthesis, and bacterial agglutination in saliva. Hence, VicK phosphatase activity may represent a promising target to modulate S. mutans’ pathogenicity.

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Park, Kwon-Sam, Michiko Arita, Tetsuya Iida, and Takeshi Honda. "vpaH, a Gene Encoding a Novel Histone-Like Nucleoid Structure-Like Protein That Was Possibly Horizontally Acquired, Regulates the Biogenesis of Lateral Flagella in trh-Positive Vibrio parahaemolyticus TH3996." Infection and Immunity 73, no. 9 (September 2005): 5754–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.73.9.5754-5761.2005.

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ABSTRACT A histone-like nucleoid structure (H-NS) is a major component of the bacterial nucleoid and plays a crucial role in the global gene regulation of enteric bacteria. Here, we cloned and characterized the gene for the H-NS-like protein VpaH in Vibrio parahaemolyticus. vpaH encodes a protein of 134 amino acids that shows approximately 55%, 54%, and 41% identities with VicH in Vibrio cholerae, H-NS in V. parahaemolyticus, and H-NS in Escherichia coli, respectively. The vpaH gene was found in only trh-positive V. parahaemolyticus strains and not in Kanagawa-positive or in trh-negative environmental strains. Moreover, the G+C content of the vpaH gene was 38.6%, which is lower than the average G+C content of the whole genome of this bacterium (45.4%). These data suggest that vpaH was transmitted to trh-possessing V. parahaemolyticus strains by lateral transfer. The vpaH gene was located about 2.6 kb downstream of the trh gene, in the convergent direction of the trh transcription. An in-frame deletion mutant of vpaH lacked motility on semisolid motility assay plates. Western blot analysis and electron microscopy observations revealed that the mutant was deficient in lateral flagella biogenesis, whereas there was no defect in the expression of polar flagella. Additionally, the vpaH mutant showed a decreased adherence to HeLa cells and a decrease in biofilm formation compared with the wild-type strain. Introduction of the vpaH gene in the vpaH-negative strain increased the expression of lateral flagella compared with the wild-type strain. In conclusion, our findings suggest that VpaH affects lateral flagellum biogenesis in trh-positive V. parahaemolyticus strain TH3996.

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Merryman, W. David, Inchan Youn, Howard D. Lukoff, Paula M. Krueger, Farshid Guilak, Richard A. Hopkins, and Michael S. Sacks. "Correlation between heart valve interstitial cell stiffness and transvalvular pressure: implications for collagen biosynthesis." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 290, no. 1 (January 2006): H224—H231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00521.2005.

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It has been speculated that heart valve interstitial cells (VICs) maintain valvular tissue homeostasis through regulated extracellular matrix (primarily collagen) biosynthesis. VICs appear to be phenotypically plastic, inasmuch as they transdifferentiate into myofibroblasts during valve development, disease, and remodeling. Under normal physiological conditions, transvalvular pressures (TVPs) on the right and left side of the heart are vastly different. Hence, we hypothesize that higher left-side TVPs impose larger local tissue stress on VICs, which increases their stiffness through cytoskeletal composition, and that this relation affects collagen biosynthesis. To evaluate this hypothesis, isolated ovine VICs from the four heart valves were subjected to micropipette aspiration to assess cellular stiffness, and cytoskeletal composition and collagen biosynthesis were quantified by using the surrogates smooth muscle α-actin (SMA) and heat shock protein 47 (HSP47), respectively. VICs from the aortic and mitral valves were significantly stiffer ( P < 0.001) than those from the pulmonary and tricuspid valves. Left-side isolated VICs contained significantly more ( P < 0.001) SMA and HSP47 than right-side VICs. Mean VIC stiffness correlated well ( r = 0.973) with TVP; SMA and HSP47 also correlated well ( r = 0.996) with one another. Assays were repeated for VICs in situ, and, as with in vitro results, left-side VIC protein levels were significantly greater ( P < 0.05). These findings suggest that VICs respond to local tissue stress by altering cellular stiffness (through SMA content) and collagen biosynthesis. This functional VIC stress-dependent biosynthetic relation may be crucial in maintaining valvular tissue homeostasis and also prove useful in understanding valvular pathologies.

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Monzack, Elyssa L., and Kristyn S. Masters. "A time course investigation of the statin paradox among valvular interstitial cell phenotypes." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 303, no. 7 (October 1, 2012): H903—H909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00263.2012.

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Statin drugs are prescribed primarily for their ability to lower cholesterol, but may also exert beneficial side effects unrelated to cholesterol metabolism. Previous work has described a “statin paradox,” where statin treatment decreased osteoblastic markers in valve myofibroblasts while increasing those same markers in preosteoblasts. However, valvular interstitial cells (VICs) themselves are a multipotent cell type, capable of differentiating into activated, myofibroblastic VICs (aVICs) and osteoblastic VICs (obVICs), motivating the question of whether the statin paradox can exist within an individual valve containing these phenotypically distinct VIC subpopulations. In the current study, a heterogeneous initial population of porcine VICs was differentiated into aVICs or obVICs and treated with simvastatin. Gene expression analysis was conducted daily over an 8-day time course to capture temporally dynamic changes in cell phenotype induced by statin treatment. These studies demonstrated that the two VIC populations, aVICs and obVICs, exhibited differential responses to statin treatment. Specifically, simvastatin increased the expression of osteoblastic markers in obVICs, but not in aVICs, while also suppressing the myofibroblastic phenotype in both aVICs and obVICs. These results indicate that the statin paradox can exist within the heterogeneous VIC population of an individual diseased valve and that statin efficacy in the context of calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) may be dependent upon the cellular composition of the valve. These findings may have implications for clinical usage of statins, shedding light on how statin efficacy in CAVD may be dependent upon the disease stage or why some individuals exhibit better responsiveness to statin therapy.

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40

HIBBETT, ALEXANDRA. "Margarita Saona, Memory Matters in Transitional Peru (Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014), pp. xv + 159, £60.00, and Víctor Vich, Poéticas del duelo: ensayos sobre arte, memoria y violencia política en el Perú (Lima: IEP, 2015), 314pp." Journal of Latin American Studies 48, no. 1 (January 13, 2016): 194–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x15001376.

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41

Cacciatore, Giuseppe. "“Mis” Vico." Cuadernos sobre Vico, no. 32 (2019): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/vico.2018.i32.07.

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Martínez Bisbal, Josep. "Mi Vico." Cuadernos sobre Vico, no. 32 (2019): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/vico.2018.i32.27.

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Nuzzo, Enrico. "Mi Vico." Cuadernos sobre Vico, no. 32 (2019): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/vico.2018.i32.30.

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Rebollo Espinosa, María José. "Maestro Vico." Cuadernos sobre Vico, no. 32 (2019): 273–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/vico.2018.i32.37.

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45

Bousseyroux, Michel. "Le vice du vice." L'en-je lacanien 13, no. 2 (2009): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/enje.013.0017.

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46

Liu, Mengyao, Tracey S. Hanks, Jinlian Zhang, Michael J. McClure, Daniel W. Siemsen, Julie L. Elser, Mark T. Quinn, and Benfang Lei. "Defects in ex vivo and in vivo growth and sensitivity to osmotic stress of group A Streptococcus caused by interruption of response regulator gene vicR." Microbiology 152, no. 4 (April 1, 2006): 967–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.28706-0.

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The regulator VicR of the two-component regulatory system VicRK is essential in several Gram-positive bacteria. However, the authors were able to generate an unconditional vicR insertional mutant of group A Streptococcus. This mutant grew well in rich media but not in non-immune human blood and serum, had attenuated virulence, and was unstable in mice. Complementation of the mutant with vicR expressed in trans restored its phenotype to wild-type. A vicK deletion mutant had a phenotype similar to that of the vicR mutant. Phagocytosis and killing of the vicR mutant were normal, suggesting that VicRK does not regulate processes involved in evasion of host defence. Microarray analysis showed that vicR inactivation down-regulated the transcription of 13 genes, including putative cell wall hydrolase gene pcsB and spy1058–1060, which encode a putative phosphotransferase system enzyme II for carbohydrate transport, and upregulated the expression of five genes, including spy0183 and spy0184, which encode an osmoprotectant transporter OpuA. Consistent with microarray analysis, the vicR mutant took up more of the osmoprotectants betaine and proline and was sensitive to osmotic stress, indicating that vicR inactivation induced osmotic stress and increased susceptibility to osmotic pressure. Additionally, a spy1060 deletion mutant also displayed attenuated virulence. These results suggest that VicRK regulates processes involved in cell wall metabolism, nutrient uptake, and osmotic protection.

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Gu, Xiaoxiao, and Kristyn S. Masters. "Role of the MAPK/ERK pathway in valvular interstitial cell calcification." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 296, no. 6 (June 2009): H1748—H1757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00099.2009.

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Much remains to be discovered about the etiology of heart valve disease and the molecular level mechanisms that drive it. The MAPK/ERK pathway influences calcification in many cell types and has been linked to the expression of a contractile phenotype in valvular interstitial cells (VICs). However, a direct correlation between MAPK/ERK pathway activity and VIC calcification has not been previously described. Thus the role of the MAPK pathway in the calcification of VIC cultures was investigated by measuring ERK activation in both calcifying and noncalcifying VIC environments and then, conversely, analyzing the effects of ERK pathway inhibition on VIC calcification and phenotype. Prolonged elevation of phosphorylated ERK-1/2 was found in calcifying VIC cultures, whereas directly blocking phosphorylation of ERK-1/2 resulted in a dramatic decrease in nodule number, nodule size, and total calcified area. Application of the ERK pathway inhibitor was also associated with a dramatic decrease in apoptosis, which may have contributed to the decreased nodule formation obtained via ERK inhibition. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that calcified samples exhibited significantly elevated expression of several myofibroblastic and osteoblastic markers, while ERK inhibition substantially reduced the expression of these markers, often to levels comparable to the noncalcifying control. These data suggest that the MAPK pathway plays an important role in regulating the phenotype and calcification of VICs, wherein sustained pathway activation is associated with increased VIC calcification. These findings may be used to further elucidate the mechanisms of valvular disease and identify potential treatment targets.

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Amoroso, Leonardo. "Mi Vico hermenéutico." Cuadernos sobre Vico, no. 32 (2019): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/vico.2018.i32.02.

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Badillo O’Farrell, Pablo. "Mis tres Vico." Cuadernos sobre Vico, no. 32 (2019): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/vico.2018.i32.03.

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Carillo, Gennaro. "«In corpore Vici»." Cuadernos sobre Vico, no. 32 (2019): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/vico.2018.i32.09.

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