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Journal articles on the topic 'Victimized victimizers'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Instr. Khalid Qais Abd, Instr Mushtaq Abdulhaleem Mohammed,. "The Concept of Power in Norman Mailer's The Naked and the Dead: A Study in Psychological and Sociopolitical Perspectives." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 2540–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i1.1129.

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As one of the literary figures in post-war American literature, Norman Mailer tackles psychological and sociopolitical issues in The Naked and the Dead (1948) that bewildered both critics and readers. He combined them in a complementary way that explained their cause and effect development. The present paper sheds light on the definition of power in comparison with megalomania, its different causes, and its devastating effects on both the victimizers and the victimized. It also aims at revealing the inner thought of the contemporary individual as suffering from the spiritual decadence as a rebellion against the political life that hovers almost every aspect of the American society. These points are rendered through Mailer's major and powerful characters like General Cummings and Lieutenant Croft who represent the victimizers as a part of their megalomaniac attitudes. An emphasis has always been directed to two other powerless characters—Lieutenant Hearn and Troop Red Valsen—whom will be victimized at the hands of the victimizers. Mailer, in this novel, calls that the individual is either supposed to surrender to wrongful forces or to endeavor to attain some spiritual independence and dignity.

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2

Desir, Michelle P., and Canan Karatekin. "Parent- and Sibling-Directed Aggression in Children of Domestic Violence Victims." Violence and Victims 33, no. 5 (October 2018): 886–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-16-00219.

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This study examines the nature of parent- and sibling-directed aggression and involvement in other victimization among children living with female caregivers in a domestic violence shelter. Caregivers were interviewed about their children’s (N= 79;Mage= 9.0 years) parent- and sibling-directed aggression. Physical and verbal aggression and emotional blackmail were the most common forms of aggression against caregivers. Physical and verbal aggression were most common against siblings. No age or gender differences in aggression characteristics were found. A large minority of children displayed both parent- and sibling-directed aggression. Children exhibiting parent- or sibling-directed aggression were significantly more likely to be victimized. Findings highlight the importance of incorporating parent- and sibling-directed aggression into definitions of family violence and recognizing children can be victims and victimizers.

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3

Daly, Sarah Zukerman. "Determinants of ex-combatants’ attitudes toward transitional justice in Colombia." Conflict Management and Peace Science 35, no. 6 (August 14, 2018): 656–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0738894218788084.

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This article draws on original survey data of 10,951 Colombian ex-paramilitaries to study the determinants of victimizers’ support for transitional justice. Understanding ex-combatants’ attitudes toward victims of the conflict and measures of justice is critical to gaining leverage on when transitional justice is likely to prove effective. The data suggest that former fighters’ views of transitional justice are shaped by the intimacy with which they experience transitional justice: whether they are known to, in close proximity, and accepted by the communities they victimized. Their attitudes are also constrained by the norms of justice in which they have been socialized, and by the extent of the risks to them personally: in judicial terms given their own culpability and in security terms given their vulnerability to retribution. The study has important implications for the prospects of successful transitional justice with the FARC rebels and for the consolidation of peace in Colombia.

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Curry, Theodore R., Gang Lee, and S. Fernando Rodriguez. "Does Victim Gender Increase Sentence Severity? Further Explorations of Gender Dynamics and Sentencing Outcomes." Crime & Delinquency 50, no. 3 (July 2004): 319–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128703256265.

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Theoretical and empirical research pertaining to the influence of gender on sentencing outcomes has focused almost exclusively on the gender of offenders. What this literature has not fully considered is how the gender of crime victims might affect sentencing outcomes. Using data for offenders convicted of three violent crimes in the seven largest metro counties in Texas in 1991, the authors find evidence that offenders who victimized females received substantially longer sentences than offenders who victimized males. Results also show that victim gender effects on sentence length are conditioned by offender gender, such that male offenders who victimize females received the longest sentence of any other victim gender/offender gender combination. However, whereas these effects are observed for sentence length, no victim gender effects are observed on whether offenders received an incarcerative or nonincarcerative sentence. The authors address the implications of their findings for theory and subsequent research.

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5

Bednarek, Bartłomiej. "Aesop Victimized." Mnemosyne 70, no. 1 (January 20, 2017): 58–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568525x-12342031.

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A passage from theLife of Aesophas been used by several scholars to answer some important questions regarding the Greek ritual of sacrifice. Although the interpretation of ancient religious behaviours as reconstructed by these scholars is to some degree confirmed by external data, I argue that the aforementioned text contains little or no information relevant to the study of the subject matter. What is more, the manner in which its anonymous author mentions the ritual’s particulars in passing indicates that he did not intend to dwell upon any theological issues.

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6

Cleaver, Glenda. "A Phenomenological Analysis of Victimization. The Experience of Having One's House Attacked and Damaged." South African Journal of Psychology 18, no. 3 (September 1988): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/008124638801800302.

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The science of victimology aims at understanding and alleviating the pain or experience of being a victim. Phenomenology is an approach which seeks to understand the life-world of a subject. A phenomenological analysis appears to be an appropriate method of gaining an understanding of the experience of being a victim. In South Africa a number of people have recently had their houses petrol bombed or burnt down. In the case of criminal victimization such as rape or theft, the aim of the victimizer is usually personal gain. The incidents discussed in this study are related to social change rather than personal benefit. The aim of the victimizers in this study appears to have been to curtail the socio-political activities of the victim. Whatever the motive of the victimizer, the victim remains the sufferer. The purpose of this study is to present a phenomenological analysis of this type of victimization in the hope that it will increase our understanding of victimization in general. Six victims were interviewed. The interviews were unstructured. One interview was used for idiographic analysis and the remaining protocols were used for a general analysis. The results yielded a rich description of the experience of having one's house attacked. Certain experiences were are common to all subjects. The victims are pawns in a struggle for social change.

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7

Anisah, Laili Nur. "Fornication as a criminal conduct in the Criminal Code Draft: Legal Protection versus Criminalization against Women." Jurnal Perempuan 23, no. 2 (May 16, 2018): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.34309/jp.v23i2.234.

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<p>On 14 February 2018 the Draft of the Criminal Code (RKUHP) was adjourned until an undetermined time, several articles deemed to be problematic. One of them is a criminal act of fornication. A new article will convict a denial-men who promises woman he has intercoursed with. Eventhough that article is meant to protect women, on the other hand, it can also be a factor to victimize women as perpetrator. This paper examines the position of women among the articles which will protect women's rights as well as those which criminalize them. This paper is a normative juridical study by using literature review and aims to find the problem and also intend solving it. The result, victimized-women protection Article in RKUHP should carefully be formulated in order not to allow victim women to be criminalized.</p>

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8

Piechucka, Alicja. "“You Avenge the Others”: The Portrait of a Femme Fatale in Gladys Huntington’s Madame Solario." Text Matters, no. 5 (November 17, 2015): 111–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/texmat-2015-0009.

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The article deals with the concept of femme fatale as presented in Gladys Huntington’s 1956 novel Madame Solario. The eponymous protagonist, Natalia Solario, displays several characteristics of this female archetype, omnipresent in literature, culture and visual iconography. As a femme fatale, Natalia is beauty, danger and mystery incarnate. The cause of tragedies, but also a tragic figure herself, Madame Solario is both victim and victimizer. The article explores the interplay between innocence and experience, life and death, the erotic and the thanatic, as well as the motifs of transgression, ambiguity, love, passion, desire, perversion, dominance and control crucial to Huntington’s novel. Madame Solario reminds us that, paradoxically, the femme fatale usurps certain stereotypically masculine traits. This, in turn, brings us to the novel’s feminist dimension: the femme fatale is victimized by men, but she is also the agent of female revenge and, ultimately, liberation, symbolically marking the transition from patriarchy to women’s emancipation.

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9

Kissel, Adam. "Victims as Victimizers." Academic Questions 26, no. 1 (February 5, 2013): 106–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12129-013-9333-z.

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10

Green, Richard Firth. "Chaucer’s Victimized Women." Studies in the Age of Chaucer 10, no. 1 (1988): 3–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sac.1988.0000.

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11

Clarke, Jennifer, Michael D. Stein, Mindy Sobota, Margaret Marisi, and Lucy Hanna. "Victims as Victimizers." Archives of Internal Medicine 159, no. 16 (September 13, 1999): 1920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.159.16.1920.

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12

RYAN, GAIL. "Victim to Victimizer." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 4, no. 3 (September 1989): 325–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/088626089004003006.

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13

Carlyle, M. Joyce. "HANDICAPPED AND VICTIMIZED." Pediatric Emergency Care 7, no. 5 (October 1991): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006565-199110000-00058.

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14

Ryan, Kaitlyn N., and Tracey Curwen. "Cyber-Victimized Students." SAGE Open 3, no. 4 (November 2013): 215824401351677. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244013516772.

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15

Sim, Joe. "The Victimized State." Criminal Justice Matters 42, no. 1 (December 2000): 26–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09627250008552884.

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16

Thuren, Lauri. "Jesus the Victimizer?" Approaching Religion 4, no. 2 (December 8, 2014): 37–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.30664/ar.67548.

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Jesus’ antagonistic encounters with the Pharisees serve traditionally as a basis for the poor relationship between Christianity and Judaism. The conflict stories epitomized by Jesus’ parables have been assessed as descriptions of how he either justifiably revealed his adversaries’ falseness or falsely defamed them. These stories are used to justify later religious conflicts. I shall argue that the traditional anti-Pharisaic interpretations of Jesus’ parables have an inadequate basis in the actual stories. Instead, they are due to two axiomatic perspectives that dominate the interpretation: ill-fitting allegorical explanations and/or the search for some historical context. Both approaches have resulted in manipulating the parables, either by curtailing them or by importing into them information of which their actual audience(s) were unaware.

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17

Avni, Noga. "Economic Exchange between Battered Wives and their Husbands in Israel." International Review of Victimology 2, no. 2 (January 1992): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026975809200200203.

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Based on unconstructed interviews with thirty-five Israeli battered wives taking refuge in a shelter, this study analyzes patterns of economic exchange between them and their husbands. The norms concerning breadwinning and housekeeping are similar throughout western society, and men and women are conscious of the familial role expectations that are ascribed to them. Nevertheless, it was found that in practice battering husbands do not subscribe to these social norms, for it is more often their wives who bear the burden of providing for the family, in addition to their housekeeping duties. This situation throws new light on the unique victimizer—victimized exchange system in intimate relations. It was also found that battered wives whose husbands earn a good living sustain different, yet no less severe, forms of economic-related victimization. Their husbands exact payment for their financial support in the form of absolute obedience and submissiveness. It seems that these men regard their earnings not as an obligation in the family exchange-net, but rather as a favor that entitles them to receive extra benefit in return.

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18

Dowdell, Elizabeth B., and Deborah J. Cavanaugh. "Caregivers of Victimized Children." Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services 47, no. 6 (June 1, 2009): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/02793695-20090428-02.

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19

Schneider, Joseph W., Donal E. J. MacNamara, and Andrew Karmen. "Deviants: Victims or Victimizers." Contemporary Sociology 14, no. 1 (January 1985): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2070420.

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20

Gengler, Barbara. "Victimized by the Internet?" Computer Fraud & Security 1999, no. 7 (July 1999): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1361-3723(99)80038-4.

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21

ROOT, MARIA P. P., and PATRICIA FALLON. "Treating the Victimized Bulimic." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 4, no. 1 (March 1989): 90–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/088626089004001006.

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22

Armstrong, Cory L., Kevin Hull, and Lynsey Saunders. "Victimized On Plain Sites." Digital Journalism 4, no. 2 (June 2015): 247–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2015.1040043.

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23

McGarry, Ross. "Demystifying the “Victimized State”." Illness, Crisis & Loss 25, no. 1 (October 23, 2016): 63–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1054137316675717.

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The purpose of this article is to illustrate prescient issues relating to current and ex-military communities in the United Kingdom who have featured heavily within the policy arena over the past decade in relation to several key areas of importance. It will be illustrated how this population becomes visible within the public imagination (via military losses), how discourses relating to the harms they experience are structured and articulated within political and policy domains (particularly in relation to mental health) via “state talk” (qua Sim), and what the potential social consequences are for politically rendering an unproblematized populist view of current and ex-military communities (i.e., pending crises). This argument is made with the express intention of reengaging critical recognition of the distancing of the military institution from the physical and psychological vulnerability of those who have participated in war and military environments. This is an argument returned to pertinence from the recent publication of the Chilcot Inquiry into British involvement in the Iraq war.

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24

Kinukawa. "Self-Sacrificing or Victimized?" Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion 37, no. 1 (2021): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/jfemistudreli.37.1.18.

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25

Soares, Joaquim J. F., Gloria Macassa, Jamilette Miranda, and Eija Viitasara. "Health among lifetime victimized men." International Journal of Circumpolar Health 66, no. 4 (September 2007): 351–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/ijch.v66i4.18278.

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26

Westermeyer, Joseph, and Karen Wahmenholm. "Assessing the Victimized Psychiatric Patient." Psychiatric Services 40, no. 3 (March 1989): 245–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ps.40.3.245.

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27

Wilczenski, Felicia L., Ruth Steegmann, Michelle Braun, Francis Feeley, Jennifer Griffin, Thomas Horowitz, and Suzanne Olson. "Children as Victims and Victimizers." School Psychology International 18, no. 1 (February 1997): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143034397181007.

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28

Osborn, Denise R., Dan Ellingworth, Tim Hope, and Alan Trickett. "Are repeatedly victimized households different?" Journal of Quantitative Criminology 12, no. 2 (June 1996): 223–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02354416.

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29

Rohail, Iffat, Atteen Rohail, and Tayyaba Hanif. "Beggars as Bully Perpetrators and General Public as Victims." Foundation University Journal of Psychology 4, no. 1 (April 8, 2020): 34–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.33897/fujp.v4i1.62.

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This qualitative study aimed to explore peoples’ experiences of being bullied and victimized while dealing with beggars phenomenologically. 14 Adults (7 males, 7 females) were included in the study. The age of participants was 25 years and above. The main objectives of the study were to explore how beggars emotionally victimize the general public, how do people get threatened at the hands of beggars as they exploit the publics’ emotions with the help of blackmailing tactics Therefore the Research Questions in this regard were: firstly, how people are entangled in situations and feel threatened while interacting with beggars? Secondly, what tactics are used by beggars to emotionally victimize the general public? Thirdly, how public is emotionally blackmailed by the tricks and tactics used by beggars? Phenomenological research design was used which provided a rich and detailed account of public experiences. The focus was on how people actually perceived the events rather than how the phenomena existed. Open ended questions were put forth which provided the lived experiences of the participants. Responses of the participants were transcribed and themes were generated. The major themes which emerged were named as Anger, Exploitation, Distress, Manipulation, Fraud, Fear, Assault, Fooling public, Emotionally charging, Threatening, Stealing, Target weakness, Harassed, Monitory gain by beggars. Hence the results revealed that people do felt threatened while interacting with beggars who blackmailed them with different tricks and at times also involved in stealing, intimidation unwanted touching, name calling, cursing and even snatching the money from wallets, etc The implication of this study can be at societal or governmental level where authorities and policy makers can adopt some preventive or remedial measures for beggars and their interaction with public. Key words: Perpetrators, Bully, Victim, General Public, Beggar, Phenomenological.

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30

Kar, Heidi Lary, and K. Daniel O’Leary. "Gender Symmetry or Asymmetry in Intimate Partner Victimization? Not an Either/Or Answer." Partner Abuse 1, no. 2 (April 2010): 152–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1946-6560.1.2.152.

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Gender differences in physical victimization, sexual victimization, injury, fear, and depressive symptoms were assessed in a representative community sample of 453 young couples. The prevalence of any physical victimization experienced by women and men did not differ (29% vs. 30%), but men reported more severe physical victimization than women. No difference in prevalence of overall injury was observed, but more women reported severe injury than men. Almost twice as many women as men reported being sexually victimized (28% vs. 15%). Physically victimized females reported more fear of their partners than physically victimized men and than nonvictimized women. Physically victimized men and women, sexually victimized men and women, and physically injured men and women all had more depressive symptoms than those men and women who were not victimized or injured. Severely victimized women were 3 times more likely than severely victimized men to have depression scores in the clinical range (27% vs. 9%). In sum, whether one finds gender symmetry regarding aggression and its correlates depends on more than simple prevalence of aggression by men and women.

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El Missiry, Ahmed, Marwa Abd El Meguid, Marwa Soltan, and Marwa El Missiry. "Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics of Victimized Versus Non-Victimized Patients with Schizophrenia: An Egyptian Study." Activitas Nervosa Superior 56, no. 4 (December 2014): 121–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03379616.

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32

Rhodes, Jean E., Lori Ebert, and Adena B. Meyers. "Sexual Victimization in Young, Pregnant and Parenting, African-American Women: Psychological and Social Outcomes." Violence and Victims 8, no. 2 (January 1993): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.8.2.153.

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The influence of sexual victimization on the psychological and social adjustment of 177 pregnant and parenting African Americans was examined. Compared with those who had not been victimized, young women with a history of sexual victimization were more symptomatic, had lower self esteem, and had a more external locus of control than the non-victimized women. In addition, women who were sexually victimized at some time in their lives reported higher levels of economic strain. Victimized young women were less satisfied with their social support than their non-victimized peers. Taken together, these findings suggest that the link between sexual victimization and psychological distress in pregnant and parenting adolescents may be mediated through young women’s interpersonal resources.

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Sullivan, Tami P., Katharine J. Meese, Suzanne C. Swan, Carolyn M. Mazure, and David L. Snow. "Precursors and Correlates of Women's Violence: Child Abuse Traumatization, Victimization of Women, Avoidance Coping, and Psychological Symptoms." Psychology of Women Quarterly 29, no. 3 (September 2005): 290–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.2005.00223.x.

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Path modeling assessed (a) the influence of child abuse traumatization on women's use of violence and their experiences of being victimized, (b) the association of these three variables to depressive and posttraumatic stress symptoms, and (c) the indirect pathways from women using violence and their being victimized to psychological symptoms through avoidance coping. Among 108 primarily African American women recruited from the community who used violence with a male partner, women's use of violence, but not their experiences of being victimized, was predicted by child abuse traumatization. Women's use of violence did not directly or indirectly predict symptomatology. In contrast, child abuse traumatization and women's experiences of being victimized were predictive of both depressive and posttraumatic stress symptoms, and being victimized also was related indirectly to depressive symptoms through avoidance coping.

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34

Liu, J., and F. Cao. "Executive function among poly-victimized juvenile." Neuropsychiatrie de l'Enfance et de l'Adolescence 60, no. 5 (July 2012): S304—S305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.885.

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35

Brock, Stephen E., Amanda B. Nickerson, Meagan D. O'malley, and Yiping Chang. "Understanding Children Victimized by Their Peers." Journal of School Violence 5, no. 3 (October 17, 2006): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j202v05n03_02.

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Soares, Joaquim J. F., Giorgio Grossi, Gloria Macassa, and Andres Fandino-Losada. "Social Support Among Lifetime Victimized Men." Victims & Offenders 3, no. 2-3 (May 14, 2008): 275–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15564880802034950.

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37

Cater, Åsa K., Anna-Karin Andershed, and Henrik Andershed. "Victimized as a child or youth." International Review of Victimology 22, no. 2 (February 10, 2016): 179–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269758016628945.

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38

Fiebert, Martin S., and Lisa M. Tucci. "Sexual Coercion: Men Victimized by Women." Journal of Men’s Studies 6, no. 2 (March 1998): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106082659800600201.

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A 12-item inventory designed to assess mild, moderate, and severe forms of sexual coercion was administered to an ethnically diverse sample of 182 college men at California State University, Long Beach. Results reveal that 70% of subjects reported experiencing some form of sexual coercion within the past five years. Mild and moderate forms of sexual coercion were most commonly experienced. Younger men were somewhat more likely than older men to report being sexually coerced. An ethnic difference in response was found on one item.

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Jacques, Scott, and Richard Wright. "How Victimized Drug Traders Mobilize Police." Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 42, no. 5 (January 27, 2013): 545–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0891241612472057.

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40

Smith, Graham. "Cattle, progress, and a victimized nation." Metaphor and the Social World 9, no. 2 (November 5, 2019): 263–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/msw.18011.smi.

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Abstract This paper analyzes three sources of discourse on immigration in the United States: congressional debates from the 1920s representing two polarized sides, a speech by President Obama, and a speech by President Trump. The goal of this analysis was to explore how the conceptual metaphors used in discussing immigration may have changed over the past century, in order to gain insight into the current polarization surrounding this topic. Results reveal striking similarities between Trump’s rhetoric and metaphorical framing and the 1920s anti-immigration side’s arguments, in that both situate the United States as a victim of immigration. In contrast, although there are fewer similarities between Obama’s metaphors and metaphorical frames and those used by earlier supporters of immigration, the claim that immigrants are a benefit to the United States remains constant.

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Gutzwiller-Helfenfinger, Eveline, and Karin Heinrichs. "The Happy Victimizer Pattern in Adulthood." Frontline Learning Research 8, no. 5 (July 1, 2020): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.14786/flr.v8i5.681.

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42

Schwartz, Mark F. "In my opinion victim to victimizer." Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity 2, no. 2 (April 1995): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10720169508400071.

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43

Gill, Grandon. "The Predatory Journal: Victimizer or Victim?" Informing Science: The International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline 24 (2021): 051–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4788.

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Aim/Purpose: Labeling a journal as “predatory” can do great damage to the journal and the individuals that have contributed to it. This paper considers whether the predatory classification has outlived its usefulness and what might replace it. Background: With the advent of open access publishing, the term “predatory” has increasingly been used to identify academic journals, conferences, and publishers whose practices are driven by profit or self-interest rather than the advancement of science. Absent clear standards for determining what is predatory and what is not, concerns have been raised about the misuse of the label. Methodology: Mixed methods: A brief review of the literature, some illustrative case studies, and conceptual analysis. Contribution: The paper provides recommendations for reducing the impact of illegitimate journals. Findings: Current predatory classifications are being assigned with little or no systematic research and virtually no accountability. The predatory/not predatory distinction does not accommodate alternative journal missions. Recommendations for Researchers: The distinction between legitimate and illegitimate journals requires consideration of each journal’s mission. To serve as a useful guide, a process akin to that used for accrediting institutions needs to be put in place. Impact on Society: Avoiding unnecessary damage to the careers of researchers starting out. Future Research: Refining the initial classification scheme proposed in the paper.

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Burton, David L., Kerry Jo Duty, and George S. Leibowitz. "Differences between Sexually Victimized and Nonsexually Victimized Male Adolescent Sexual Abusers: Developmental Antecedents and Behavioral Comparisons." Journal of Child Sexual Abuse 20, no. 1 (January 28, 2011): 77–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2011.541010.

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45

Sánchez León, Pablo. ""Esa tranquilidad terrible". La identidad del perpetrador en el "giro" victimario." Memoria y Narración. Revista de estudios sobre el pasado conflictivo de sociedades y culturas contemporáneas, no. 1 (October 6, 2018): 167–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/myn.5484.

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En los últimos años se está produciendo un creciente interés por el estudio de los victimarios. A diferencia de la víctima, el verdugo no suele testimoniar por voluntad propia, y si lo hace normalmente es para exonerarse de responsabilidad. Esta actitud plantea el problema de la voz enunciativa del victimario. Este artículo propone que la tarea de conocer acerca la identidad del perpetrador perfila un terreno para el intercambio entre la reflexión y la imaginación: el esbozo interdisciplinar de una antropología del verdugo. A través del tratamiento de este asunto en Las benévolas de Jonathan Littell, el texto muestra un ejemplo de cómo la literatura de ficción ofrece un marco para reflexionar acerca de las motivaciones de los perpetradores a partir de su actitud ante el testimonio. El objetivo último del artículo es no obstante señalar las dificultades que rodean la comprensión de los victimarios en el caso concreto de la guerra española de 1936–39 y sus secuelas. La reflexión sobre este asunto lleva a concluir que los problemas de conocimiento del perpetrador están menos en el objeto de estudio que en el propio observador. There is a growing interest in the study of perpetrators. As opposed to victims, victimizers tend not to be willing to testify, and when they do they exonerate themselves from responsibility. This attitude poses the issue of the voice of the perpetrator. This article claims that the task of knowing about the identity of the victimizer offers a terrain for exchanges between reflection and imagination: the interdisciplinary outline of an anthropology of the perpetrator. Through the approach to this issue in The Kindly Ones by Jonathan Littell, the text shows an example of how fiction offers a framework for reflecting on the rationale of perpetrators by focusing on their attitude towards testimony. The final goal of the article is nevertheless to point out the difficulties surrounding the understanding of the victimizers in the case of the Spanish 1936–39 war and its sequels. Reflection on this issue leads to conclude that problems in the knowledge about the perpetrator are less in the object of study and rather more in the observer.

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Schacter, Hannah L., and Jaana Juvonen. "When Do Friendships Help Versus Hurt? Perceived Best Friend Victimization and Support as Moderators of Peer Victimization-Related Distress." Journal of Early Adolescence 40, no. 6 (September 15, 2019): 804–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272431619874402.

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Although high-quality friendships are presumed to protect peer-victimized adolescents from distress, evidence supporting this claim is mixed. This study investigated whether the protective function of high-quality best friendships for victimized youth varies depending on adolescents’ perceptions of their best friend’s victimization. Among a sample of 1,667 eighth graders, we tested the effects of self-perceived victimization, best friend emotional support, and best friend victimization on depressive symptoms and social anxiety across eighth grade. Perceptions of higher emotional support buffered links between boys’ victimization and depressive symptoms. Perceived emotional support buffered links between girls’ victimization and internalizing symptoms if they viewed their best friend as nonvictimized, but it amplified such associations if they viewed their friend as victimized. These results suggest that although perceptions of best friend emotional support benefit peer-victimized youth, highly intimate friendships between victimized adolescent girls may promote maladaptive coping and increased distress.

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Motyl, Alexander J. "Why is the “KGB Bar” possible? Binary morality and its consequences." Nationalities Papers 38, no. 5 (September 2010): 671–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2010.498466.

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This article asks why a popular bar named after a criminal Soviet secret police organization has not provoked the outrage of the developed world's intellectual and artistic elites, who would surely condemn an SS Bar. It attributes this moral blindness to the Holocaust's centrality in Israeli, German, and American national discourse and the resultant binary morality that ascribes collective innocence to all Jews at all times and in all places and collective guilt to all Germans – and potentially to all non-Jews – at all times and in all places. The moral logic of the Holocaust thus transforms Jews into victims and non-Jews into victimizers; the moral logic and reality of the Gulag transform everybody into both victim and victimizer. The binary morality of the Holocaust insists that all human beings be heroes; the fuzzy morality of the Gulag recognizes that all humans are just humans constantly confronted by moral ambiguity. But because the Gulag's moral ambiguity concerns non-Jews and Jews, the Gulag undercuts binary morality. The Holocaust and the Gulag are not just incompatible moral tales; they are incompatible and intersecting moral tales. As a result, they cannot co-exist. We therefore fail to respond to the KGB Bar because to recognize the Gulag as a mass murder worthy of categorical moral condemnation would be to challenge the sacred status of the Holocaust. Ironically, the KGB Bar is possible precisely because an SS Bar is impossible.

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Papadakaki, Maria, Nikoleta Ratsika, Lina Pelekidou, Brigitte Halbmayr, Christiana Kouta, Katrin Lainpelto, Miran Solinc, et al. "Migrant Domestic Workers’ Experiences of Sexual Harassment: A Qualitative Study in Four EU Countries." Sexes 2, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 272–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sexes2030022.

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Sexual harassment against female migrant domestic workers is a public health problem, which remains hidden and largely underreported. The current paper presents the results of a qualitative research study on sexually victimized migrant domestic workers in four European countries (Austria, Cyprus, Greece, and Sweden). The study aimed at exploring the profile and experiences of victimised individuals. Data were gathered via 66 semi-structured interviews with victimised female migrant domestic workers. Key findings of the current study indicate that the victims: (a) were usually undocumented and had low local language skills; (b) identified domestic work as the only way into the labour market; (c) suffered primarily psychological, economic, and social consequences; (d) had poor social support networks; (e) were poorly connected to governmental support services. This is the first study to explore this hidden problem via direct contact with victims. Addressing barriers of migrants’ social integration seems important. Better regulation and monitoring of this low-skilled occupation could minimise risks for vulnerable employees.

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Dragisic-Labas, Sladjana. "Women in alcoholic partnerships: Victimized and stigmatized." Socioloski pregled 50, no. 1 (2016): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/socpreg1601041d.

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Vezovnik. "Balkan Immigrant Workers as Slovenian Victimized Heroes." Slavic Review 74, no. 2 (2015): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.5612/slavicreview.74.2.244.

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