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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Video OTT'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Satei, Mehdi. "OTT Video-Oriented Mobile Applications Development Using Cross-Platform UI Frameworks." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-256071.

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Google and Apple together are ruling the mobile phone industry with their operating systems, Android and iOS. Any mobile application willing to reach the vast majority of end-users, need to be run on both platforms. The issue, however, arises when considering that fact that developing an application for each platform requires different knowledge and code base. Cross-platform frameworks are emerged to overcome the mentioned issue by providing the possibility to develop a mobile application which works on multiple platforms with potentially a single code base.To investigate the capabilities of cross-platform frameworks, three frameworks were chosen to be compared; React Native backed by Facebook, Xamarin owned by Microsoft, and Flutter developed by Google. The chosen frameworks have been compared in the context of OTT Videooriented mobile applications. As a reference application OTT Flow, an OTT Video application developed by Accedo, has been used.The findings in this thesis shows that Xamarin is not a good choice for the purpose of this thesis since no advantages were witnessed in most of the criteria. React Native and Flutter, on the other hand, offer promising features which suit developing OTT applications. When considering the video-specific functionalities, however, React Native stood out slightly better. In fact, even though React Native is possibly the best choice among the mentioned frameworks for developing OTT Video-oriented mobile applications, the cross-platform frameworks are not mature enough in terms of video-specific functionalities support yet.
Google och Apple dominerar mobiltelefonindustrin tillsammans med sina operativsystem, Android och iOS. En mobilapplikation som eftersträvar att nå majoriteten av slutanvändarna måste gå att köra på båda plattformarna. Problem uppstår emellertid när man överväger det faktum att utveckla en applikation för varje plattform kräver olika kunskaper och kodbas. Ramverk för utveckling mot flera plattformar finns för att övervinna problemet genom att erbjuda möjlighet att utveckla en mobilapplikation som fungerar på flera plattformar med eventuellt en enda kodbas.För att undersöka kapaciteten hos plattformsramverk, valdes tre ramverk ut för att jämföras: React Native stött av Facebook, Xamarin ägt av Microsoft och Flutter utvecklat av Google. De valda ramverken har jämförts i samband med OTT Videoorientede mobila applikationer. Som referens användes OTT Flow, en OTT Videoapplikation utvecklad av Accedo.Resultaten i detta arbete visar att Xamarin inte är ett bra val för syftet med detta arbete eftersom inga fördelar sågs i de flesta kriterierna. React Native och Flutter, å andra sidan, erbjuder lovande funktioner som passar för att utveckla OTT applikationer. När man överväger de videospecifika funktionerna stod emellertid React Native ut lite bättre. Faktum är att även om React Native kanske är det bästa valet bland de nämnda ramverken för att utveckla OTT Video-orienterade mobila applikationer, så är de ramverken ännu inte mogna nog i termer av stöd för videospecifika funktioner.
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Kabusheva, Sabina. "Transformation of Telco business strategy driven by over-the-top services such as WhatsApp, Skype and Netflix: The case of the Czech Republic." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-206054.

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The following thesis aims to describe the transformation of telco operators' business strategy evoked by the growing popularity and usage of Internet services like WhatsApp, Skype and Netflix, also known as over-the-top services. The thesis provides comprehensive overview of transformations in the telecom industry that have been taking place globally, explaining the drivers that led to inception of free or cheaper Internet-based services, their business models. It then narrows down to the thorough analysis of the Czech market, capturing the implications that over-the-top services have on business strategy of the major Czech telco players. The analysis is strongly supported by industry reports, statistics and quantitative research. The primary research adds in telco customers' perspectives, usage and value perception of over-the-top services, as well as their satisfaction with respective telco services and their pricing. Derived findings identify major developments and trends in the Czech telco market; they also suggest compelling observations for related businesses.
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Soares, Richard Queirós. "OTT TV services: technical and economic aspects." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/12846.

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Mestrado em Engenharia Eletrónica e Telecomunicações
The breadth of availability and variety of online video contents has helped to encourage a far more mobile experience, which has proved particularly popular among younger generations. Over The Top (OTT) services, particularly those on-demand video platforms, became more and more attractive to consumers when compared with the current main TV packages. This document describes how the video OTT Ecosystem works from a technical side. The description presented reaches both ends of the distribution chain: from how the video signals are acquired and processed, thru all the way to how they are delivered to the client, passing by the challenges and consequences that such services have on the network. The main objective of this dissertation is to understand the possibility to create in Portugal a new operator where the core business is video delivery using only OTT services.
A amplitude e variedade de conteúdos disponíveis online têm ajudado a promover uma experiência cada ver mais móvel da televisão, serviço que se tem revelado particularmente popular entre os mais jovens. Serviços Over The Top (OTT), sobretudo aqueles disponíveis através de plataformas de video on-demand, têm-se tornado cada vez mais atraentes para os consumidores, em comparação com os atuais pacotes de televisão. Este documento descreve como funciona, do ponto de vista técnico, o ecossistema do vídeo sobre OTT. A descrição apresentada abrange ambas as extremidades da cadeia de distribuição: desde a forma como os sinais de vídeo são adquiridos e processados até ao modo como eles são entregues ao cliente, passando pelos problemas e consequências que tais serviços podem ter na rede. O principal objectivo deste trabalho é contribuir para compreender se é possível criar em Portugal um novo operador onde o core business seja a distribuição de vídeo utilizando apenas serviços OTT.
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Patch, Hanna. "Which factors influence Generation Z’s content selection in OTT TV? : A Case Study." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-232146.

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As digital technologies rapidly evolve, traditional television is being disrupted by the development of more devices, screens, and content. Over-the-top television [OTT TV] is replacing linear TV at a growing rate. A majority of consumers of over-the-top content are found in the generational cohort, Generation Z. As true digital natives, this generation is comfortable navigating a variety of online TV platforms and devices, while also being more susceptible to short attention-span and information overload. It is therefore necessary to understand how this emerging cohort makes choices in a TV landscape that is becoming increasingly overloaded with new content. The purpose of this study is to understand which user interface components Generation Z takes into consideration when selecting content in OTT TV. Multiple methodologies were selected to investigate these media habits. Think-aloud usability testing and interview determined Generation Z’s natural media behavior while browsing OTT content. Online survey data was collected from a broader sample, comparing Generation Z and Generation Y. It was discovered that both generations have similar behaviors in which user interface components influence content choice. The research also revealed trends in which components are important to Generation Z and why. This research is the first step to making informed and data-driven decisions in the design and implementation of OTT TV platforms for Generation Z, thus lessening cognitive overload and creating optimal user experiences.
Med den digitala teknologins snabba utveckling, förändras traditionell tv i och med inverkan av flera enheter, skärmar och innehåll. Over-the-top-tv [OTT-tv] ersätter linjär tv i en växande takt. Majoriteten av konsumenterna av over-the-top-innehåll finns inom en specifik generation, Generation Z. Som äkta digitala infödingar kan den här generationen lätt navigera ett flertal online-tv-plattformar och enheter, samtidigt som den har kort koncentrationsförmåga och är mer mottaglig för informationsöverbelastning. Det är därför nödvändigt att förstå hur denna växande grupp gör val i ett tv-landskap som blir alltmer överbelastat med nytt innehåll. Syftet med denna studie är att förstå vilka användargränssnitts-komponenter Generation Z tar hänsyn till när de väljer innehåll på OTT-tv. Flera metoder användes för att undersöka gruppens medievanor. Användbarhetstest och intervjuer avslöjade Generation Z: s naturliga beteende när de letar efter OTT-innehåll. Enkätundersökningsdata från en större grupp jämförde Generation Z och Generation Y. Det upptäcktes att båda generationerna har liknande beteenden där användargränssnitts-komponenter påverkar valet av innehåll. Forskningen visade också trender för vilka komponenter som är viktiga för Generation Z och varför. Den här forskningen är det första steget i att göra informerade och datadrivna beslut i design och implementering av OTT-tv-plattformar för Generation Z, vilket minskar den kognitiva överbelastningen och skapar optimala användarupplevelser.
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Pokhrel, Jeevan. "Intelligent quality of experience (QoE) analysis of network served multimedia and web contents." Thesis, Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TELE0027/document.

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De nos jours, l’expérience de l'utilisateur appelé en anglais « User Experience » est devenue l’un des indicateurs les plus pertinents pour les fournisseurs de services ainsi que pour les opérateurs de télécommunication pour analyser le fonctionnement de bout en bout de leurs systèmes (du terminal client, en passant par le réseaux jusqu’à l’infrastructure des services etc.). De plus, afin d’entretenir leur part de marché et rester compétitif, les différents opérateurs de télécommunication et les fournisseurs de services doivent constamment conserver et accroître le nombre de souscription des clients. Pour répondre à ces exigences, ils doivent disposer de solutions efficaces de monitoring et d’estimation de la qualité d'expérience (QoE) afin d’évaluer la satisfaction de leur clients. Cependant, la QoE est une mesure qui reste subjective et son évaluation est coûteuse et fastidieuse car elle nécessite une forte participation humaine (appelé panel de d’évaluation). Par conséquent, la conception d’un outil qui peut mesurer objectivement cette qualité d'expérience avec une précision raisonnable et en temps réel est devenue un besoin primordial qui constitue un challenge intéressant à résoudre. Comme une première contribution, nous avons analysé l'impact du comportement d’un réseau sur la qualité des services de vidéo à la demande (VOD). Nous avons également proposé un outil d'estimation objective de la QoE qui utilise le système expert basé sur la logique floue pour évaluer la QoE à partir des paramètres de qualité de service de la couche réseau. Dans une deuxième contribution, nous avons analysé l'impact des paramètres QoS de couche MAC sur les services de VoD dans le cadre des réseaux sans fil IEEE 802.11n. Nous avons également proposé un outil d'estimation objective de la QoE qui utilise le réseau aléatoire de neurones pour estimer la QoE dans la perspective de la couche MAC. Pour notre troisième contribution, nous avons analysé l'effet de différents scénarios d'adaptation sur la QoE dans le cadre du streaming adaptatif au débit. Nous avons également développé une plate-Forme Web de test subjectif qui peut être facilement intégré dans une plate-Forme de crowd-Sourcing pour effectuer des tests subjectifs. Finalement, pour notre quatrième contribution, nous avons analysé l'impact des différents paramètres de qualité de service Web sur leur QoE. Nous avons également proposé un algorithme d'apprentissage automatique i.e. un système expert hybride rugueux basé sur la logique floue pour estimer objectivement la QoE des Web services
Today user experience is becoming a reliable indicator for service providers and telecommunication operators to convey overall end to end system functioning. Moreover, to compete for a prominent market share, different network operators and service providers should retain and increase the customers’ subscription. To fulfil these requirements they require an efficient Quality of Experience (QoE) monitoring and estimation. However, QoE is a subjective metric and its evaluation is expensive and time consuming since it requires human participation. Therefore, there is a need for an objective tool that can measure the QoE objectively with reasonable accuracy in real-Time. As a first contribution, we analyzed the impact of network conditions on Video on Demand (VoD) services. We also proposed an objective QoE estimation tool that uses fuzzy expert system to estimate QoE from network layer QoS parameters. As a second contribution, we analyzed the impact of MAC layer QoS parameters on VoD services over IEEE 802.11n wireless networks. We also proposed an objective QoE estimation tool that uses random neural network to estimate QoE from the MAC layer perspective. As our third contribution, we analyzed the effect of different adaption scenarios on QoE of adaptive bit rate streaming. We also developed a web based subjective test platform that can be easily integrated in a crowdsourcing platform for performing subjective tests. As our fourth contribution, we analyzed the impact of different web QoS parameters on web service QoE. We also proposed a novel machine learning algorithm i.e. fuzzy rough hybrid expert system for estimating web service QoE objectively
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Daccak, Muhammad. "The Future of Public Service Television in Sweden : A study on challenges and opportunities for SVT Play in a shifting television landscape." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-292841.

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This study investigates the changing television landscape and consumption habits and the effects on the Swedish public service television(SVT). Recent shifts have amplified the ongoing decline of linear television and were marked by increasing migration of viewers to online video consumption and global streaming services. These new competitors escalate the challenges facing national broadcasters and emphasize the role of having a strong independent public service television that can remain relevant to all its audiences. SVT has been a pioneer in shifting to online and launched its video streaming service SVT Play in 2006. But the service is unable to recuperate the viewership bleeding from SVT linear channels, and reaching younger audiences has never been more challenging. The study presents a literature review and background referring to recent general trends in the television market, to put shifts and disruptions in the Swedish market in a larger context. We also present a thorough background on the Swedish television market focusing on the position of SVT and SVT Play. We discussed dynamics and drivers of recent structural and consumption shifts through in-depth interviews with key personnel from SVT as well as with other experts from different areas within the media and telecom industry. We seek to answer what future challenges and opportunities are for SVT Play and how to deal with those challenges and opportunities. The data collected were analyzed and reported in this study. The main findings indicate a new era ahead of public service heralded by the unprecedented decline of SVT broadcast and the increased consumption divergence in 2019. The study found that SVT Play has a central future role of public service television and should be further empowered to remain agile and relevant, through diverse, differentiated, and personalized offerings, but also through constant engagement with audiences and continuous learning of what they value and demand in a constantly changing media landscape.
Denna studie undersöker det föränderliga TV-landskapet och de nya konsumtionsvanornas effekter på svensk public service- TV (SVT). Nyligen har skiftningar intensifierat den pågående minskningen av linjär-TV vilket märkts i den ökande migrationen av TV-tittare till online video-konsumtion och globala streamingtjänster. Dessa nya konkurrenter trappar upp utmaningarna som nationella programföretag ställts inför och betonar vikten av att ha stark och oberoende public service-TV som kan förbli relevant för samtliga målgrupper. SVT har varit pionjärer i övergången till online och lanserade sin streamingtjänst för video, SVT Play, redan 2006. Men tjänsten är oförmögen att hämta upp de förlorade tittarsiffrorna från SVTs linjära TV-kanaler. Samtidigt så har det aldrig tidigare varit svårare att nå de unga målgrupperna. Denna studie presenterar en litteraturgenomgång och bakgrund med referenser till de senaste allmänna trenderna TV-marknad, för att ställa den svenska marknadens förändringar och störningar i ett större sammanhang. Vi presenterar även en grundlig bakgrund av den svensk TV-marknaden med fokus på SVTs och SVT Plays positioner i denna. Vi har resonerat kring dynamiken och drivkrafterna bakom de senaste strukturella förändringarna och förändringarna i konsumtion, genom djupgående intervjuer med nyckelpersoner från SVT samt andra experter inom olika områden av media- och Telecom-industrin. Vi söker svaret till vilka de framtida utmaningarna och möjligheterna för SVT Play är, samt hur man bör handskas med dessa utmaningar och möjligheter. Den insamlade datan har analyserats och rapporteras i denna studie. De huvudsakliga upptäckterna indikerar en ny era för public service, påbörjad av de historiska minskningarna av SVTs sändningar samt den ökande konsumtionsdivergensen under 2019. Studien har funnit att SVT Play besitter en central framtida roll för public service-TV och bör fortsatt vara stärkt i uppgiften att förbli rörlig och relevant, genom varierade, differentierade och personanpassade erbjudanden, men även genom ett konstant engagemang med sin publik och ett kontinuerligt lärande över vad de värderar och önskar i ett ständigt skiftande medielandskap.
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Ghassemlooy, Z. T. "Optical fibre transmission of Multiplexed video signals using pulse width modulations." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.380313.

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Kestner, Randolph. "The Impact and Creation of Level Music for Video Games." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/326.

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This thesis explores the creation of music for a video game level utilizing industry tools for music compositions as well as level design. Music as an element of game design and its resulting impact is also examined.
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Irestål, Erik. "Break out Box for Transmission of Synchronous Video and CAN Data Streams over Gigabit Ethernet." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-18377.

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Active safety systems for automobiles in the form of camera systems have evolved rapidly the last ten years, Autoliv Electronics in Linköping develops multiple such systems. In their development process there is a need for a Break out Box (BoB) to record and playback video and CAN data as if the camera system was used in an actual automobile. The aim of this thesis has been to develop a BoB for these camera systems. The work has been divided into three phases; identification of requirements, design of the BoB and implementation of a prototype. The project has addressed four known issues with the currently used BoB; bandwidth, modularity, synchronization and usability. The result is a new BoB which is based on an FPGA connecting to a PC over Gigabit Ethernet. The design is an extendible platform for multiple channels of video, CAN data, other serial data and future extensions. A prototype proves the design concept by successfully recording video for the Autoliv NightVision system onto a PC.

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Dehghannayyeri, Atefeh. "Developing a Fluid Flow Model for Mobile Video Transmission in the Presence of Play-Out Hysteresis." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för kommunikationssystem, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-13510.

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This work focuses on improving video transmission quality over a mobile link. More specifically, the impact of buffering and link outages on the freeze probability of transmitted videos is studied. It introduces a new fluid flow model that provides an approximation of the freeze probability in the presence of play-out hysteresis. The proposed model is used to study the impact of two streaming buffer sizes over different possible combinations of outage parameters (data channel on/off times). The outcome of this thesis shows that outage parameters play a dominant role in freezing of streaming video content, and that an increase in these parameters cannot be easily compensated for by an increase in the size of the receiving buffer. Generally, in most cases when there is a variation in outage parameters, an increased buffer size has a negative impact on the freeze probability. To lower the probability of freeze during video playback over a weak mobile link, it is better to sacrifice resolution just to keep the video content playing. Similarly, shifting focus from off to on times brings better results than increasing buffer size.
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Aamir, Syed Ahmed. "A 65nm, Low Voltage, Fully Differential, SC Programmable Gain Amplifier for Video AFE." Thesis, Linköping University, Linköping University, Linköping University, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-57107.

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Due to rapid growth of home entertainment consumer market, video technology has been continuously pushed to deliver sharper pictures with higher resolution. This has brought about stringent requirements on the video analog front end, which often coupled with the low power and low voltage regulations had to deal with short channel effects of the deep submicron CMOS processes.

This thesis presents the design of a fully differential programmable gain amplifier, as a subcircuit of a larger video digitizing IC designed at division of Electronic Systems. The switched capacitor architecture of the PGA does not only buffer the signal, but performs compensation for the sync-tip of analog video signal.

The pseudo differential OTA eliminates tail current source and maintains high signal swing and has efficient common mode feedforward mechanism. When coupled with a similar stage provides inherent common moode feedback without using an additional SC-CMFB block.

The PGA has been implemented using a 65 nm digital CMOS process. Expected difficulties in a 1.2 V OTA design make themselves evident in 65 nm, which is why cascaded OTA structures were inevitable for attaining gain specification of 60 dB. Nested Miller compensation with a pole shifting source follower, stabilizes the multipole system. The final circuit attains up to 200 MHz bandwidth and maintains high output swing of 0.85 V. High slew rate and good common mode and power supply rejection are observed. Noise requirements require careful design of input differential stage. Although output source follower stabilized the system, it reduces significant bandwidth and adds to second order non-linearity.

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Gordillo, Luis Alfonso Arana. "Efeito do tratamento do canal radicular com EDTA na retenção de pinos de fibra de vidro." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2010. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/1765.

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Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-24T19:22:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luis Alfonso Arana Gordillo.pdf: 1025463 bytes, checksum: 5c067b2343a2b540759fb0b3f54a82f7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-22
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the treatment of dentin with EDTA on the bond strength of a fiber post to dentin, using two different types of resin cements. A total of 40 single canal, sound extracted human bicuspids were selected. After extraction the teeth were stored in water until use. Post spaces were prepared in extracted premolars and then the root canals were subjected to one of the following four groups (n = 10): Group 1 - self-adhesive cement RelyXTM U100, Group 2 - etching with 24% EDTA for 60 s before applying the cement RelyXTM U100, Group 3 - cementation as recommended by the manufacturer with Para Post® Para CoreTM Automix and self-etching adhesive, Group 4 - etching with 24% EDTA for 60 s before application of Para Post® Para CoreTM Automix cement and self-etching adhesive. The 10 roots per group were cut perpendicular to the long axis of the tooth in 6 slides 1 mm for push-out test (two slides for root third). After cutting one slide for each third was subjected to thermal cycling test of 5000 cycles at 5 º C and 55 ° C the slides were randomly divided into two subgroups, depending on testing time (imMédiate vs. termocycling ), for push-out test. The push out test was performed at a speed of 0.5 mm / min. Data were analyzed with a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey HSD test. ANOVA revealed that canal surface treatment with EDTA 24% affected the bond strength negatively at the cervical third of the two cements, but did not alter the bond strength of dentin cements tested in the middle and apical thirds in the imMédiate group, the group of thermocycling was no significant difference when compared with the group imMédiately with or without EDTA 24% for all groups tested Para Post® Para CoreTM Automix and self-etching adhesive showed higher bond strength values when compared with RelyXTM U100 resin cement. It was concluded that treatment with EDTA did not affect the bond strength except at the cervical third , EDTA 24% did not alter the of bond strength values in the groups of thermocycling test, the Para Post® Para CoreTM Automix and self-etching adhesive cement had better performance when compared with cement RelyXTM U100.
A proposição deste estudo foi analisar o efeito do tratamento da dentina radicular com EDTA na retenção de pinos de fibra de vidro utilizando dois tipos diferentes de cimentos resinosos. Foram utilizados 40 dentes humanos pré-molares hígidos. Após a extração os dentes foram armazenados em água até seu uso. Em seguida, os dentes foram tratados endodonticamente com técnica step back para ser obturados por condensação lateral com cones de guta percha e cimento endodôntico AH Plus. Após a obturação os dentes foram cortados perpendicularmente ao longo eixo do dente 2 mm acima da linha cemento esmalte e divididos em quatro grupos (n=10): grupo 1 - cimento autoadesivo RelyXTM U100; grupo 2 - condicionamento com EDTA 24% por 60 s antes da aplicação do cimento RelyXTM U100; grupo 3 - cimentação segundo as recomendações do fabricante com Para Post® Para CoreTM Automix e adesivo autocondicionante Para Bond e grupo 4 - condicionamento com EDTA 24% por 60 s antes da aplicação do cimento Para Post® Para CoreTM Automix e adesivo autocondicionante Para Bond. As 10 raízes por grupo foram cortadas perpendicularmente ao longo eixo do dente em 6 discos de 1 mm para teste de push out (dois discos por terço radicular). Após o corte um disco por cada terço foi submetido ao teste de termociclagem 5000 ciclos 5º C e 55º C obtendo assim um disco de cada terço submetido a teste de push out iMédiato e o disco restante foi submetido a teste de push out após a fadiga térmica o teste de push out foi realizado a uma velocidade de 0,5 mm/min. Após o teste os dados foram analisados estatisticamente com o teste de ANOVA e pos teste de Tukey dando como resultado que o tratamento de superfície dentinária com EDTA 24% alterou negativamente os valores de resistência de união para o terço cervical dos dois cimentos, mas não alterou a resistência de união a dentina dos cimentos testados nos terços médio e apical no grupo iMédiato, para o grupo de termociclagem não houve diferença significativa quando comparado com o grupo iMédiato com ou sem aplicação do EDTA 24%, para todos os grupos testados o cimento Para Post® Para CoreTM Automix obteve maiores valores de resistência de união quando comparado com o cimento RelyXTM U100. Concluiu-se que o tratamento com EDTA não afetou os valores de resistência de união exceto para o terço cervical; o EDTA 24% não alterou os valores de resistência de união nos grupos submetidos ao teste de termociclagem; o cimento Para Post® Para CoreTM Automix teve melhor comportamento quando comparado com o cimento RelyXTM U100.
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Cox, Barth Louis. "Asking to see the soul a video documentary exploring the "coming out" experiences of men identifying with a gay subculture /." Connect to this title online, 2003. http://etd-db.uno.edu/theses/available/etd-07252003-063444/.

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Thesis (M.F.A.)--University of New Orleans, 2003.
Title from PDF title page (viewed on Apr. 5, 2005). "A thesis ... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Fine Arts in the Department of Drama and Communications." Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 72-93).
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Barreto, Juliana Rodrigues Paes. "Influência da técnica de irrigação ultrassônica e soluções irrigadoras, na cimentação adesiva de pinos de fibra de vidro." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2016. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/5261.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of tree final irrigation systems: PPI (Positive Pressure Irrigation), PUI (Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation) and CUI (Continuous Ultrasonic Irrigation) on the push-out resistence of glass fiber posts, using 5.25% NaOCl (sodium hypochlorite) or 2% CHX (chrorexidine) as irrigation solution. Ninety 17 mm length bovine roots were endodontically treated up to K File #80, to a working length of 16mm, using crown-down technique. During the instrumentation all roots received 1ml of irrigation solution (5.25% NaOCl or 2% CHX) between each instrument using a Navitip® needle. The samples were randomly divided into six groups, according to final irrigation and activation system: PPIN (Control 1): PPI + 5.25% NaOCl; PUIN: PUI + 5.25% NaOCl; CUIN: CUI + 5.25% NaOCl; PPIC (Control 2): PPI + 2% CHX; PUIC: PUI + 2% CHX and CUIC: CUI + 2% CHX. For PPIN/PPIC a Navitip® needle was used to deliver the irrigation solution. For PUIN/PUIC the same Navitip® needle was used and the irrigant solution was activated by a stainless steel file E1 Irrisonic® mounted on a EMS® Ultrassonic unit, for 10-seconds. For CUIN/CUIC the irrigation and activation were performed by continuous agitation and irrigant solution delivery , for 10-seconds, using the same stainless steel file E1 Irrisonic® mounted on EMS® Ultrassonic unit. The final irrigation of all groups was performed using 2ml irrigation solution + 1ml 17% EDTA + 2ml irrigation solution. After canal preparation, the fiber posts Whitepost® DC n.2 were cemented with dual cure resin cement RelyX ARC® and adhesive system Single Bond Universal®. The roots were sectioned into 1mm-thick slices, on cervical, medial and apical thirds. After 7 days, the slices were submitted to push-out test on universal testing machine EMIC (0,5mm/min, 150N). Mean values of bond strength (BS) were compared using two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (p≤0.05). BS values (±dp) were: PPIN 4.46 (1.43); PUIN 6.13 (2.35); CUIN 7.41 (1.83); PPIC 3.59 (1.70); PUIC 5.49 (1.41); CUIC 6.0 (1.63). Comparing irrigation solutions, the results were similar with each irrigation systems. CUI showed the best bond strenght values and PPI the worst one, similar to PUI. Analyzing the root thirds, CUIN showed significant diferences at apical third and CUIC showed diferences at middle third. Conclusion: CUI was the best activation system, regardless of the irrigation solution choice, providing better results at fiber post bond strenght, mainly at apical third.
O objetivo neste estudo foi avaliar a influência de três técnicas de irrigação endodôntica: PPI (Irrigação por Pressão Positiva ou Irrigação Manual), PUI (Irrigação Ultrassônica Passiva) e CUI (Irrigação Ultrassônica Contínua), na resistência à extrusão (push-out) de pinos de fibra de vidro utilizando NaOCl 5,25% (hipoclorito de sódio) ou CHX 2% (clorexidina). Foram utilizados 90 dentes bovinos, as coroas cortadas com disco diamantado, obtendo-se raízes com 17 mm de comprimento. As raízes foram tratadas endodonticamente pela técnica coroa-ápice até o instrumento de memória n°80, a uma profundidade de 16 mm e divididas aleatoriamente em 6 grupos de acordo com o protocolo de ativação/substância química final: PPIN: PPI + NaOCl 5,25%; PUIN: PUI + NaOCl 5,25%; CUIN: CUI + NaOCl 5,25%; PPIC: PPI + CHX 2%; PUIC: PUI + CHX 2%; e CUIC: CUI + CHX 2%. A irrigação final de todos os grupos foi realizada com 2ml de substância química + 1ml de EDTA 17% + 1ml de substância química. Nos grupos PPIN e PPIC foram utilizadas pontas endodônticas Navitip® para a irrigação. Nos grupos PUIN e PUIC, foram utilizadas as mesmas pontas endodônticas Navitip® e ativadas passivamente com inserto E1 IRRISONIC® acoplado ao Ultrassom EMS® (10s), frequência de 32.000 Hz, sem renovação da substância química. Nos grupos CUIN e CUIC a substância química foi continuamente ativada e renovada com inserto E1 IRRISONIC® acoplado ao Ultrassom EMS® (10s). Todas as raízes foram lavadas com água destilada para remoção dos resíduos e secas com cones de papel absorvente. As raízes tiveram os ápices selados com gutta percha. Após o preparo dos condutos, foi feita a cimentação do pino de fibra de vidro Whitepost® DC n.2 com cimento resinoso dual RelyX ARC® e sistema adesivo Single Bond Universal®. As raízes foram seccionadas transversalmente em 9 fatias, de aproximadamente 1mm de espessura, divididas entre os terços cervical, médio e apical. Após 7 dias, as fatias foram submetidas ao teste de extrusão push-out em máquina de ensaio universal EMIC (0,5mm/min,150N). Os valores de resistência adesiva (RA) foram submetidos a ANOVA a 2 critérios e teste de Tukey para comparação das médias (p≤0,05). Resultados: Os valores médios em MPa (±dp) foram: PPIN 4,46 (1,43); PUIN 6,13 (2,35); CUIN 7,41 (1,83); PPIC 3,59 (1,70); PUIC 5,49 (1,41); CUIC 6,0 (1,63). Comparando-se as soluções irrigadoras, os resultados foram semelhantes com cada tipo de técnica. CUI foi a técnica que apresentou os melhores valores de adesão e PPI apresentou o menor valor, sendo semelhante à PUI. Analisando os terços radiculares, o grupo CUIN demonstrou diferença estatisticamente significante na região apical e médio respectivamente: 5,48 (2,47) e 5,92 (2,46). Conclusão: CUI foi a melhor técnica de irrigação em relação à adesão dos pinos de fibra de vidro, independentemente da solução irrigadora utilizada, influenciando positivamente na adesão da região apical.
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15

Mason, Andy, and Steve Gills. "Real-Time High Resolution Digital Video for Range and Training Applications." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/607687.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 22-25, 2001 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada
The operator interface to a modern radar, sonar or weapons system trainer (WST) is typically one or more high-resolution video displays driven by PC’s or other workstations. The training system used to instruct and qualify operators for this type of mission critical application should be capable of recording RGB video data to a fine level of detail. Similarly, ground stations for Research, Development, Test and Evaluation (RDT&E) and Operational Test & Evaluation (OT&E) applications often utilize high-resolution workstation screens to display critical test data. And often, these workstation screens are located in mobile vans, on aircraft, or are otherwise remote from test conductors who need access to the same screen data. This paper presents a solution for the efficient digitization, storage, replay, and transmission of the data displayed on the high-resolution workstation screens commonly found in these types of training system applications.
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16

Leung, Raymond Electrical Engineering &amp Telecommunications Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Scalable video compression with optimized visual performance and random accessibility." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/24192.

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This thesis is concerned with maximizing the coding efficiency, random accessibility and visual performance of scalable compressed video. The unifying theme behind this work is the use of finely embedded localized coding structures, which govern the extent to which these goals may be jointly achieved. The first part focuses on scalable volumetric image compression. We investigate 3D transform and coding techniques which exploit inter-slice statistical redundancies without compromising slice accessibility. Our study shows that the motion-compensated temporal discrete wavelet transform (MC-TDWT) practically achieves an upper bound to the compression efficiency of slice transforms. From a video coding perspective, we find that most of the coding gain is attributed to offsetting the learning penalty in adaptive arithmetic coding through 3D code-block extension, rather than inter-frame context modelling. The second aspect of this thesis examines random accessibility. Accessibility refers to the ease with which a region of interest is accessed (subband samples needed for reconstruction are retrieved) from a compressed video bitstream, subject to spatiotemporal code-block constraints. We investigate the fundamental implications of motion compensation for random access efficiency and the compression performance of scalable interactive video. We demonstrate that inclusion of motion compensation operators within the lifting steps of a temporal subband transform incurs a random access penalty which depends on the characteristics of the motion field. The final aspect of this thesis aims to minimize the perceptual impact of visible distortion in scalable reconstructed video. We present a visual optimization strategy based on distortion scaling which raises the distortion-length slope of perceptually significant samples. This alters the codestream embedding order during post-compression rate-distortion optimization, thus allowing visually sensitive sites to be encoded with higher fidelity at a given bit-rate. For visual sensitivity analysis, we propose a contrast perception model that incorporates an adaptive masking slope. This versatile feature provides a context which models perceptual significance. It enables scene structures that otherwise suffer significant degradation to be preserved at lower bit-rates. The novelty in our approach derives from a set of "perceptual mappings" which account for quantization noise shaping effects induced by motion-compensated temporal synthesis. The proposed technique reduces wavelet compression artefacts and improves the perceptual quality of video.
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17

Cordeiro, Nara Pereira d'Abreu. "Resistencia ao cisalhamento por extrusão - "push out" - de pinos de fibra de vidro a dentina intra-radicular." [s.n.], 2003. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/288200.

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Orientadores: Mario Fernando de Goes, Luis Roberto Marcondes Martins
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resistência ao cisalhamento por extrusão (push out) entre a dentina intra-radicular e pinos de fibra de vidro nas regiões cervical, média e apical de raízes utilizando dois sistemas de cimentação adesiva. Foram selecionados vinte pré-molares inferiores unirradiculares recém extraídos por motivos ortodônticos, hígidos e livres de trincas. As coroas dos dentes foram removidas na altura da junção cemento esmalte. As polpas dentais foram removidas através de limas endodônticas e os condutos radiculares foram preparados com brocas de largo nO 5, com 8,Omm de penetração. As raízes foram divididas em dois grupos de 10: Grupo 1- pino fixados com o sistema adesivo autocondicionante ED Primer e cimento resinoso Panavia F; Grupo 2- pinos fixados com o sistema adesivo de frasco único Single Bond e cimento resinoso Rely X. Após a fixação dos pinos, as raízes foram mantidas em estufa a 37°C, por 24 h. A porção mais apical das raízes foi seccionada até a altura em que a raiz apresentasse 8,Omm de comprimento. Em seguida, as raízes foram seccionadas transversalmente e 3 discos de 2,7mm de altura foram obtidas e classificadas segundo a região cervical, média e apical do pino. O ensaio de resistência de união por extrusão foi realizado em máquina de ensaio universal Instron 4411 onde uma haste metálica com ponta ativa de 1,Omm de diâmetro produziu a carga para efetuar o deslocamento do pino do conduto radicular. Os valores médios de resistência de união por extrusão não apresentaram diferenças estatísticas significantes no terço cervical da raiz entre os dois materiais de fixação avaliados. Nas regiões média e apical do conduto, os valores de resistência de união apresentados pelo Sing/e Bond + Re/y X foram superiores e estatisticamente diferentes em relação aos valores apresentados pelo sistema ED Primer + Panavia F (p< 0,05). Para os dois materiais em estudo, não houve diferença estatística quando comparadas as regiões média e cervical do pino, porém apresentaram diferença estatística em relação à região apical (p< 0,05). Após o ensaio de cisalhamento por extrusão, os espécimes foram seccionados no sentido longitudinal para análise em microscopia eletrônica de varredura. A zona de interdifusão adesivo/dentina produzida pelo adesivo de frasco único Sing/e Bond apresentou-se mais espessa do que a zona de interdifusão apresentada pelo adesivo autocondicionante ED Primer. Houve áreas desmineralizadas com presença de túbulos dentinários abertos porém parcialmente preenchidos pela resina em ambos os grupos. Também foram observadas bolhas que variaram de tamanho e forma na camada de cimento junto à área da interface de união e mais constantes no terço apical das raízes. Palavras-chave: pino de fibra de vidro; cimento resinoso; sistema adesivo; resistência de união; "push out
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bond strength between fiber posts cemented in root dentin considering different depths of the roots (cervical, median and apical) and two luting materiais, through push out tests and to examine the integration among these components through scanning electron microscopy. Twenty sound bicuspids, tree trom cracks, extracted for orthodontic reasons, were selected. The crowns were removed at the cement enamel junction. The pulps were removed with endodontic reamers and the first 8,Omm of the canais were shaped with number 5 largo burs. The roots were divided into two groups of 10 each. The roots trom group 1 received fiber posts cemented with the self etching primer ED Primer and the composite resin Panavia F., while the roots of Group 2 received fiber posts cemented with the one bottle adhesive Single Bond and the composite resin Rely X. After the posts cementation, the roots were kept in humidity at 3-,0 C for 24 hours. The most apical part of the roots were sectioned until they were 8.0mm long. After that, the roots were sectioned transversally and three 2.7mm thick sections were obtained: cervical, median and apical. The push out test that evaluated bond strength between luting material and root dentin was carried out on an Instron (4411) testing machine. The specimens were positioned on a steel support platform with the post centered over a 2.0mm hole in the platform. A steel probe 1.0mm in diameter was centered over the post and used to apply force to the test specimens. Data from the push out test revealed no statistically significant differences at the cervical portion of the root between the two cementation systems tested. At the median and apical portion of the root, the bond strength values presented by the Sing/e Bond and Re/y X were superior and statistically different from those presented by ED Primer and Panavia F (PDoutorado
Dentística
Doutor em Clínica Odontológica
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18

Vasconcelos, Rafaela Andrade de [UNESP]. "Avaliação da influência de materiais obturadores endodônticos sobre a resistência de união adesiva de pinos de fibra de vidro cimentados." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/138113.

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O propósito deste estudo foi avaliar, in vitro, a influência de remanescente de materiais obturadores endodônticos, após desobturação e preparo para pino, sobre a resistência de união adesiva de pinos de fibra de vidro cimentados. Foram utilizados 60 dentes humanos unirradiculados sem coroa. As raízes foram preparadas pela técnica coroa-ápice com sistema Reciproc. Para obturação, as raízes foram divididas em grupos (n = 10) de acordo com o cimento endodôntico utilizado: SO= sem obturação; GP=guta percha sem cimento; AHP= guta-percha + AHPlus; SLP= guta-percha + Sealapex; IRT= guta-percha + iRoot SP; e ERZ= guta-percha + EndoRez. As raízes foram obturadas pela técnica do cone único. A cimentação dos pinos de fibra de vidro Rebilda n.12 foi realizada com sistema adesivo futurabond DC e cimento Rebilda DC em 10 mm do comprimento da raiz. Após esse período, as raízes foram seccionadas obtendo-se discos de 2 mm de espessura em cada terço da raiz (3 discos por raiz) que foram submetidos ao teste de push out, análise por meio de uma lupa estereoscópica (40x) para identificação através de scores da presença de remanescente de material obturador na luz do canal e avaliação por espectroscopia de energia dispersiva (EDS) para identificação de remanescente de componentes químicos do cimento endodôntico presentes nos túbulos dentinários. Os dados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente pelos testes de Kruskal Wallis, Qui Quadrado e teste de Anova e Tukey, todos com nível de significância de 5%. Não houve diferença estatística para a resistência adesiva entre os cimentos na região cervical (p = 0,49), media (p = 0,28) e apical (p = 0,09). Os grupos SLP e ERZ apresentaram menos remanescente de material obturador nas regiões cervical (p = 0,045) e apical (p = 0,006). Significantes diferenças de remanescentes de componentes químicos foram observadas na região apical dos grupos AHP, IRT e SLP. Conclui-se que os materiais endodônticos não influenciaram na resistência de união adesiva de pinos de fibra de vidro.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of remnants endodontic filling material in root canal on the bond strength of fiberglass posts cemented. Sixty single-rooted human teeth were used.Crowns were removed. The roots were prepared by crown-down technique with Reciproc system. For fillings, the roots were divided (n = 10) according to the sealer used: SO- without fillings; GP-gutta-percha without sealer; AHP- gutta-percha + AHPlus; SLP- gutta-percha + Sealapex; IRT-gutta-percha + iRoot SP; ERZ-and gutta-percha + EndoRez. Single cone obturation technique was used. After root canal fillings, the teeth were kept in an oven 37 0C for 7 days. Cementing fiberglass posts Rebilda n.12 was performed with fiber adhesive system Futurabond DC and cement Rebilda DC in 10 mm of root length, getting stored in an oven at 37 0C for 48 h. After this period, roots were sectioned obtaining 1 disc of 2 mm thickness in each third of the root (3 discs per root), this discs were underwent to push out test, analyzed by means of a stereomicroscope (40x) to identify the presence of remnants of filling material in the lumen of the canal, and then evaluated by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) for identification of chemical components remnants sealer present in the dentinal tubules. Datas were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis test, Chi square test, and also Anova and Tukey test, 5% of significance. There were no significant differences in push-out bond strengths among the different groups in the coronal (p = 0.49), middle (p = 0.28) or apical third (p = 0.09). Sealeapex and EndoRez groups showed significantly less remnants of filling material at coronal (p = 0.045) and apical levels (p = 0.006).Significant differences of chemical components remnants were found in AHP, IRT and SLP groups on apical third. It is concluded that residual endodontic filling material does not influence on the bond strength of fiberglass.
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Gomes, Giovana Mongruel. "Influência do operador e agente cimentante na resistência de união de pinos de fibra de vidro à dentina radicular." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2010. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/1757.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the operator skill and resin cement system on the bond strength (BS) of glass fiber post to radicular dentin in different root thirds. Forty-eight extracted human upper central incisors were sectioned transversally immediately below the cement-enamel junction and the roots were treated endodontically. After one week, standardized post space cavities were prepared, and the roots randomly divided into two groups (n=24), according to the operator skill: professional (CD) vs academic (AC). The roots were then subdivided into three subgroups (n=8) according to the cementation system: CD1 and AC1 (Adper Scotchbond Multi-Purpose [SBMP] + RelyX ARC [ARC]), CD2 and AC2 (Adper Single Bond 2 [SB] + ARC) and CD3 and AC3 (RelyX U100 [U100]). The glass fiber post (Tenax Fiber Trans Esthetic Post System) were cemented following the manufacturer’s instructions of each cementation system. After water storage at 37o C for one week, each root was sectioned transversely into six 1-mm thick discs and the coronal (TC), middle (TM) and apical (TA) thirds of the root canal identified. A push-out test was carried out at a crosshead speed of 0,5 mm/min. The data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey's tests (p=0.05). The mean bond strengths (BS) values (MPa) and standard deviations (SD) of each subgroup were: CD1: 12.83±7.26; CD2: 11.46±4.22; CD3: 14.27±6.59; AC1: 9.70±4.37; AC2: 8.02±5.25 and AC3: 13.40±4.93. The BS of the CD and AC groups were 12.85±6.18 and 10.37±5.30, respectively. In regard to the root thirds, the means and SD were: TC: 14.46±5.55; TM: 10.04±5.07 and TA: 10.35±6.01. The mean and SD for the cementation systems were: SBMP + ARC: 11.27±6.13; SB + ARC: 9.74±5.03 and U100: 13.83±5.77. The highest BS means were obtained for CD group (p=0.004); no significant differences were detected among the three cementation systems for CD group (p=0.294); U100 cement reached statistically higher BS than the other cementation systems for AC group (p=0.001). The resin cement U100 was statistically higher than the other materials (p=0.0010) regardless the operator skill. The BS in the cervical third was statistically higher than in the TM and TA (p<0.0001). It can be concluded that the bond strength to the root canal is significantly affected by the operator skill, cementation system and root region.
O propósito desse estudo foi avaliar a influência do operador e do sistema de cimentação na resistência de união (RU) de pino de fibra de vidro à dentina radicular nos diferentes terços radiculares. Quarenta e oito incisivos centrais superiores humanos extraídos foram seccionados transversalmente imediatamente após a junção cemento-esmalte, e as raízes foram tratadas endodonticamente. Após uma semana, foi realizado o preparo padronizado dos condutos, e as raízes foram aleatoriamente divididas em dois grupos (n=24), de acordo com o operador: profissional (CD) vs acadêmico (AC). As raízes foram então subdivididas em três subgrupos cada (n=8) de acordo com o sistema de cimentação: CD1 e AC1 (Adper Scotchbond Multi-Purpose [SBMP] + RelyX ARC [ARC]), CD2 e AC2 (Adper Single Bond 2 [SB] + ARC) e CD3 e AC3 (RelyX U100 [U100]). Os pinos de fibra de vidro (Tenax Fiber Trans Esthetic Post System) foram cimentados de acordo com as recomendações dos fabricantes de cada sistema de cimentação. Após o armazenamento em água a 37o C por uma semana, cada raiz foi seccionada transversalmente em seis discos com 1 mm de espessura, e os terços coronário (TC), médio (TM) e apical (TA) do canal radicular foram identificados. O teste de push-out foi realizado a uma velocidade de 0,5 mm/min. Os dados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente por meio do teste ANOVA e pós teste de Tukey (p=0,05). Os valores médios de RU (MPa) e desvio padrão (DP) para cada subgrupo foram: CD1: 12,83±7,26; CD2: 11,46±4,22; CD3: 14,27±6,59; AC1: 9,70±4,37; AC2: 8,02±5,25 e AC3: 13,40±4,93. A RU e DP para o grupo dos CD e dos AC foram 12,85±6,18 e 10,37±5,30, respectivamente. Em relação aos terços radiculares, as médias e o DP foram: TC: 14,46±5,55; TM: 10,04±5,07 e TA: 10,35± 6,01. As médias e DP para os sistemas de cimentação foram: SBMP + ARC: 11,27±6,13; SB + ARC: 9,74±5,03 e U100: 13,83±5,77. As maiores médias de RU foram obtidas para o grupo dos CD (p=0,004); não houve diferenças significativas entre os três sistemas de cimentação para o grupo dos CD (p=0,294); o cimento U100 foi estatisticamente superior aos demais sistemas de cimentação para o grupo dos AC (p=0,001). O cimento resinoso U100 foi estatisticamente superior aos demais sistemas de cimentação (p=0,001) independente do operador. A RU no terço coronário foi estatisticamente superior aos TM e TA (p<0,0001). Pode-se concluir que a resistência de união do canal radicular foi significativamente afetada pelo operador, sistema de cimentação e região radicular.
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20

Engqvist, Pontus. "Does playing video games have an effect on English vocabulary acquisition? : The correlation between English vocabulary acquisition and the playing of video games in ninth grade learners of English in Sweden." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för språk, litteratur och interkultur (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-74521.

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There have been many different studies done around the subject of Extramural English, where researchers Sundqvist and Sylvén (2012) have drawn the conclusion that there is a correlation between video games and learners of English improving upon their English vocabulary. This study focuses time spent on whether or not playing video games for an extended amount of time will help with a student’s English vocabulary. This was done by having the students answer a demographic questionnaire in which they answer whether or not they regularly play video games, and answers approximately how many hours a week they do play. The study is looking for a correlation between improved vocabulary scores and longer periods of time spent playing video games every week. The study also looks into specific vocabulary that is commonly found in video games and compares different groups which have spent different amounts of time each week playing video games. Do video games help a learner’s English vocabulary and if so, does an increased amount of time spent on playing video games correlate to a higher score on the vocabulary tests, and do students who plays video games have an easier time with some of the specific vocabulary? The study found that there is indeed a correlation and that if a student spends time playing video games their English vocabulary proficiency will most likely increase as well. A student who spends more than ten hours a week on playing video games had higher average scores than those who played less than ten hours a week. Incidentally the students who did not play video games at all had the lowest average scores in the vocabulary tests. Lastly students who spent time playing video games had an easier time answering the questions relating to words that are commonly used in video games.
Många olika studier har utförts kring lärandet av engelska utanför klassrummet. Forskare har bland annat undersökt möjliga samband mellan Extramural engelska och ett förbättrat engelskt ordförråd. Sundqvist och Sylvén (2012) visar t.ex. ett samband mellan ord inlärning och dataspel. Om det finns ett direkt samband mellan tid tillbringad framför dataspel och utökat ordförråd är vad som utgör fokusen för denna undersökning. I denna korrelationsstudie utdelades ett demografiskt frågeformulär till 60 elever i årskurs nio. Eleverna frågades om hur regelbundet de spelade dataspel och hur många timmar de spelade varje vecka. Eleverna svarade även på ett vokabulärprov där de fick lösa problem angående engelsk vokabulär. De elever som spenderade tio timmar eller mer per vecka med dataspel hade högsta medelvärde på vokabulärproven. De elever som spelade mindre än tio timmar per vecka hade lägre. Samtidigt hade de elever som inte spenderade någon tid alls på dataspel den lägsta medelvärdes poäng utav grupperna. Studien visar en koppling mellan tid spenderat framför dataspel och ett utökat engelskt ordförråd. Ytterligare undersöks möjliga samband mellan tid spenderat på dataspel och inlärning av engelska ord som ofta används i dataspel. I vokabulär provet som eleverna fick fanns det sex ord som eleverna behövde lösa. Dessa ord är vanliga att hitta inom dataspel. Resultatet visar att de elever som spelade dataspel presterade bättre med de dataspels specifika vokabulärproblemen. De elever som inte spelade alls presterade sämst av grupperna, medan elever som spelade lite dataspel varje vecka presterade sämre än de som spelade mycket dataspel varje vecka.
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21

Adekunle, Ademola Olusegun. "Factors affecting the uptake of pulmonary rehabilitation and the effectiveness of a video based home exercise programme in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/17183.

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Introduction: The participation profile of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) and the effectiveness of a video-based home exercise programme (VBHEP) were investigated using various research methods. Methods: The content analysis of the Move-On-Up exercise video against NICE guidelines and published research was performed. The video was evaluated for its suitability for use in VBHEP through focus groups involving UK population of patients with COPD and respiratory clinicians. Using the data from the content analysis and the focus groups, questionnaire items were synthesised for a national survey of both patients and clinicians. A study examined the relationship between participation in outpatient PR and patient measures of depression (Brief Assessment Depression Card), social support (Duke Social Support Index), multidimensional health locus of control (MHLC) and COPD severity (Medical Research Council dyspnea score). A randomised control trial (RCT) evaluated the effect of combining VBHEP and conventional outpatient PR on walking ability and PR benefit maintenance. The intervention arm received VBHEP concurrently with outpatient PR, while the control arm received only outpatient PR. Outcome measures included: the endurance shuttle walk test (ESWT), quality of life (QoL) (St George's Respiratory Questionnaire- SGRQ), MHLC and a modified Follick's activity diary. Measures were taken before PR, at the fourth and eighth weeks of PR and at six months post-PR. Focus groups were conducted between six and 20 months post-PR to evaluate patients' experience of and adherence to the use of VBHEP. Results: Critical review of 46 RCTs aided evaluation of the video demonstrating that the video content was consistent with both NICE recommendations and published research. The six focus groups that were part of the initial evaluation of the video involved 14 patients and 14 clinicians. The national survey generated responses from 60 patients and 62 clinicians; between 79 and 100% of respondents in each domain of the questionnaire indicated that the video is suitable for use. Fifty-one patients completed the study investigating the profile of patients participating in PR. The results indicated that depression has a moderate and negative statistically significant association with the uptake of PR (p < 0.05). Fifty-seven patients participated in the RCT [mean age 66.51 years (SD 9.96), mean FEV1% predicted 54.51% (SD 10.47)]. The results indicated that the use of VBHEP with outpatient PR has no significant additive effect in improving or maintaining the benefits of walking ability following PR (p<0.05). Seven patients participated in the follow-up focus groups where findings suggested that patients were still participating in VBHEP up to 20 months after it was first prescribed, though the frequency of its use appeared to diminish after PR ended. Conclusion: The Move-On-Up exercise video is suitable for VBHEP in patients with COPD. Patients with COPD and depression are less likely to take up a referral to PR compared to those without depression. The use of VBHEP concurrently with PR has no additive effect in improving or maintaining benefits of walking ability following PR. Adverse social circumstances and disease severity reduce the duration of participation in VBHEP.
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22

Carvalho, Ceci Nunes. "Efeito da adição de partículas de vidro niobofosfato bioativo à guta-percha: desenvolvimento, caracterização, resistência de união à dentina e influência na formação de biofilmes microbianos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23145/tde-11092014-153436/.

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Os objetivos deste estudo foram desenvolver e caracterizar um compósito para obturação endodôntica à base de guta-percha e vidro niobofosfato. Foi avaliado a resistência de união à dentina radicular do compósito experimental, da guta EndoSequence BC, ambos sem o uso de cimento além do cimento AH Plus associado a guta-percha através do ensaio de push-out. A análise dos padrões de fratura foi realizada com auxílio de MEV. Análises usando EDX and MEV-EDS foram realizadas para verificar a composição e distribuição das partículas de vidro na superfície e no interior da matriz de guta-percha dos materiais testados. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente pelos testes ANOVA e Tukey, sendo considerado significante quando p < 0,05. Foi avaliado também a influência do compósito experimental, do vidro niobofosfatos bioativo, diferentes tipos de gutapercha e hidroxiapatita na adesão e formação de biofilme por bactérias orais com coloração Live/dead usando um microscópio confocal à laser. O biofilme multiespécies foi formado na superfície de discos de hidroxiapatita - HA, vidro niobofosfato - VNB, guta-percha Obtura - OBT, guta-percha Protaper - PTP, EndoSequence BC guta-percha - GBC e o compósito experimental guta-percha associado com o vidro niobofosfato - GNB. O biovolume total (mm3), biovolume de bacterias viáveis (mm3), e porcentagem de bactérias viáveis (%) foram quantificados. As diferenças entre os grupos foram avaliadas usando ANOVA de dois fatores e teste de Tukey para contraste de médias (=0,05). Os materiais testados foram imersos em PBS e o pH das soluções foi avaliado. Os materiais foram imersos em água deionizada e as soluções foram analisadas em ICP-OES (Espectrometria de emissão atômica por plasma acoplado indutivamente) para determinar a liberação de diferentes elementos químicos. AH Plus e o material experimental não mostraram diferença estatística significante na resistência de união à dentina (2,83 MPa e 2,68 MPa respectivamente). Já o material Guta EndoSequence BC apresentou o menor valor de resistência de união (1,34 MPa) com diferença estatística significante em comparação aos demais grupos (p < 0,05). Os grupos GNB, GBC e VNB apresentaram os menores valores de biovolume total em 30 dias. Os maiores valores de biovolume viável em 30 dias de incubação em ordem decrescente foram: HA; PTP e OBT; GBC e VNB e finalmente GNB. Com relação a porcentagem de biovolume viável o material experimental GNB apresentou os menores valores para 3 e 30 dias enquanto o VNB apresentou o menor valor para 14 dias com diferença estatisticamente significante em relação aos demais grupos (p < 0,05). O material experimental GNB apresentou o maior valor de pH após 30 dias de imersão em PBS e maior liberação de Zn em todos os períodos analisados quando comparado aos demais grupos e maior liberação de Ca aos 14 e 30 dias semelhante ao grupo GBC, o qual liberou mais Si comparado aos demais grupos nos períodos de 14 e 30 dias. O material obturador experimental mostrou habilidade em aderir à dentina radicular de maneira similar à obturação convencional com guta-percha e cimento (Ah Plus) e foi capaz de inibir a formação de biofilme microbianos quando comparado a HA e guta-percha convencionais.
The objectives of this study were to develop and characterize a composite for endodontic obturation based gutta-percha and niobium phosphate glass. The study evaluated the composites micropush-out bond strength to root dentine of the experimental gutta-percha and niobium phosphate glass composite applied with thermoplastic technique to the root canals without sealer in a moist environment and compare to the conventional root canal obturation Ah Plus and gutta-percha, and a commercial bioceramic gutta without sealer. Additionally, the cores materials were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopic/Energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM/EDS) and Energy Dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDX) analysis. The failure mode was analyzed with SEM. Analysis using EDX and SEMEDS was carried out to verify the composition and distribution of the particles of the tested materials. Data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukeys test (p < 0,05). Also was analysed the influence of different types of gutta-percha and bioactive niobium phosphate glass on the adherence and biofilm formation by oral bacteria from human dental plaque with Live/dead staining assay using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The multispecies biofilm was grown from plaque bacteria on discs of hydroxyapatite - HA, niobium phosphate bioactive glass- VNB, Obtura pellets - OBT, Protaper gutta-percha - PTP, EndoSequence BC gutta-percha - GBC and gutta-percha associated with niobium phosphate glass - GNB in brain-heart infusion broth for 3,14 and 30 days. After the growth induction periods, specimens were stained by using Live/Dead, and the images were analyzed under a CLSM. The total biovolume (mm3), viable biovolume (mm3), and Live percentage (%) were quantified. Biofilm structure was visualized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The materials were immersed in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and the pH in the solutions was monitored. The materials were also immersed in deionized water and the solutions were analyzed with ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma - optical emission spectrometry) to determine elemental release. AH Plus and GNB groups showed bond strengths of 2,83 MPa and 2,68 MPa respectively, with no statistically significant difference between them (p > 0,05). GBC group had the lowest bond strength average (1,34 MPa), which was a statistically significant difference compared to the other groups (p < 0,05). Groups GBC, GNB and VNB presented the lowest total biovolume values in 30 days. The highest viable biovolume values in 30 days of incubation, in decreasing order, were as follows: HA; PTP and OBT; GBC and VNB and finally GNB. As regards live percentage, the experimental material GNB presented the lowest values at 3 and 30 days, while VNB presented the lowest value at 14 days, with statistically significant difference in comparison with the other groups (P < 0,05). The experimental material GNB presented the highest pH value after 30 days of immersion in PBS, and greatest Zn release in all the time intervals analyzed when compared with the other groups; and the greatest Ca release at 14 and 30 days, similar to Group GBC, which released a larger quantity of Si when compared with the other groups in the time intervals of 14 and 30 days. The experimental root filling composite (GNB) showed an ability to adhere to root dentine equal to the current gold standard root filling with gutta-percha and sealer (Ah Plus) and was able to inhibit the formation of microbial biofilm when compared to HA and conventional gutta-percha.
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23

Ruiz, Lucas Manuel. "EFEITO DE CIMENTOS ENDODÔNTICOS NA RESISTÊNCIA DE UNIÃO DE PINOS DE FIBRA DE VIDRO À DENTINA RADICULAR." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2012. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/1796.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of root canal sealers on the bond strength (BS) of glass fiber posts to root dentin using two cementation systems, two storage periods and the different root regions. It was used 56 human teeth,healthy canines, transversely sectioned immediately after the cement-enamel junction. Then the roots were divided into two groups (n = 28) according to the sealer (with or without eugenol [Endofill and Sealer 26, respectively]). Subsequently, the roots were subdivided into two subgroups each (n = 14) according to the period of storage before the adhesive cementation, 7 and 180 days. Each subgroup was further again subdivided according to the resin cement to be used, being a conventional dual resin cement (Variolink® II ) and a dual adhesive system (Excite DSC), and the other a dual resin cement autoconditioning and self-adhesive (RelyX™ U100). The glass fiber posts (White Post DC) were cemented according to manufacturer's instructions for each cementation system. All roots were stored for one week after adhesive cementation, and were subsequently sectioned transversely into six discs about 1 mm thick each, and the coronal (CT), middle (MT) and apical (AT) thirds of the root canal identified. The push-out test was carried out at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA factorial and post-hoc Tukey`s test (p=0.05). The analysis of variance showed a statistically significant effect for the factors time (F=6.58, p=0.01) and root third (F=26.67, p=0.0005). The specimens that received intra-canal posts 6 months after the endodontic treatment had higher BS than the specimens treated 7 days after endodontic treatment. The AT showed statistically lower BS than those of CT and MT. It can be concluded that the bond strength of fiber posts to root dentin was not affected by the root canal sealers and cementation systems.
O propósito deste estudo foi avaliar a influência dos cimentos endodônticos na resistência de união (RU) de pinos de fibra de vidro à dentina radicular, utilizando dois sistemas de cimentação, dois períodos de armazenamento e as diferentes regiões radiculares. Foram utilizados 56 dentes humanos, caninos hígidos, seccionados transversalmente imediatamente após a junção cemento-esmalte. Em seguida, as raízes foram divididas em dois grupos (n=28) de acordo com o cimento endodôntico (com ou sem eugenol [Endofill e Sealer 26, respectivamente]).Posteriormente, as raízes foram subdivididas em dois subgrupos cada (n=14) de acordo com o período de armazenamento antes da cimentação adesiva, sendo 7 e 180 dias. Cada subgrupo foi novamente subdividido de acordo com o cimento resinoso a ser utilizado sendo um cimento resinoso convencional dual (Variolink II) e sistema adesivo dual (Excite DSC), e outro cimento resinoso dual auto condicionante e auto adesivo (RelyX U100). Os pinos de fibra de vidro (White Post DC) foram cimentados de acordo com as instruções do fabricante de cada sistema de cimentação. Todas as raízes foram armazenadas por uma semana após a cimentação adesiva, e posteriormente seccionadas transversalmente em seis discos de aproximadamente 1 mm de espessura cada, e os terços coronário (TC), médio (TM) e apical (TA) do canal radicular foram identificados. O teste de push-out foi realizado a uma velocidade de 0,5 mm/min. Os dados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente por meio do teste ANOVA fatorial e pós teste de Tukey (p=0,05). A análise de variância demonstrou um efeito estatisticamente significante para os fatores tempo (F=6,58; p=0,01) e terço radicular (F=26,67; p=0,0005). Os espécimes que receberam pino intra-canal após 6 meses do tratamento endodôntico apresentaram maior RU do que os espécimes tratados após 7 dias do tratamento endodôntico. O TA demonstrou valores de RU estatisticamente inferiores às dos TC e TM. Pode-se concluir que a resistência de união dos pinos de fibra à dentina radicular não foi afetada pelos cimentos endodônticos e sistemas de cimentação.
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24

Sánchez, Johanna Lizbeth Cuadros. "EFEITO DA APLICAÇÃO SÔNICA DE SISTEMAS ADESIVOS NA ADESÃO DE PINOS DE FIBRA DE VIDRO NO CANAL RADICULAR." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2014. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/1835.

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Abstract: Luting of posts inside the root canal is still a challenge because of the difficult to bonding mainly in the apical third. The aim of this study was evaluate the influence of the application of 3 simplified total-etch adhesive systems (Adper Single Bond 2 Ambar, and XP-Bond+self-cure activator) under manual mode or sonic vibration on the push-out bond strength (POBS), silver nitrate uptake (SNU) and in situ degree of conversion (ISDC) associated to resin cement when used for luted posts. Methods: The roots of 66 human premolars were prepared and divided into six groups (n=11), according to the following combination: adhesive and application mode. The posts were cemented in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions of each cementation system. After water storage, the roots were sectioned transversely into six slabs and it were tested in POBS (0.5mm/min). Two roots for group were data were immersed in 50% silver nitrate, photo-developed and analyzed by SEM to measure the SNU. Two roots for group were evaluated by micro-Raman spectroscopy to measure ISDC. The data were analyzed by 3-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey's tests (5%). Results: When sonic application was performed, usually there are a significantly increasing on the POBS (MPa) (35% and 37% respectively) and ISDC (%) (14% and 38% respectively in the medium and apical thirds) and decreasing of SNU (%) for all groups mainly in the medium (64% decreasing) and apical (84%) thirds when compared with manually application (P < 0.05).
Resumo: A cimentação de pinos dentro do canal radicular ainda é um desafio por causa das dificuldades relativas à adesão, principalmente no terço apical. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência da aplicação de três sistemas adesivos convencionais simplificados (Adper Single Bond 2, Ambar e XP-Bond + self cure ativator) manualmente ou através de um dispositivo sônico vibratório na resistência de união por push-out (RU), na infiltração de nitrato de prata (NI) e no grau de conversão in situ (GC) associado ao cimento resinoso de cada fabricante, quando utilizado para cimentação de pinos. Métodos: As raízes de 66 pré-molares humanos foram preparadas e divididas em seis grupos (n = 11), de acordo com a seguinte combinação: adesivo/cimento e modo de aplicação. Os pinos foram cimentados de acordo com as instruções do fabricante de cada sistema de cimentação apenas variando o modo de aplicação. Depois do armazenamento em água, as raízes foram seccionadas transversalmente em seis fatias e foram testados em RU (0,5 mm/min). Duas raízes por grupo foram imersas em 50% de nitrato de prata, e após revelação, foram analisadas por MEV para medir a NI. Duas raízes por grupo foram avaliadas por espectroscopia de micro-Raman para medir GC. Os dados foram analisados por análise de variância de 3 fatores de medidas repetidas (terço radicular) e teste de Tukey (5%). Resultados: Quando a aplicação sônica vibratória foi utilizada, em geral, se observou um aumento significativo na RU (MPa) (35% e 37% respectivamente) e GC (%) (14% e 38% respectivamente nos terços médio e apical) e diminuição da NI (%) para todos os grupos, principalmente nos terços médio (redução de 64%) e apicais (84%) quando comparada com a aplicação manual (p <0,05) e este fenômeno ocorreu para todos os sistemas adesivos/cimentos testados.
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25

Villa, Felipe Augusto. "INFLUÊNCIA DA TRANSLUCIDEZ DE PINOS DE FIBRA DE VIDRO E TEMPO DE FOTOATIVAÇÃO DE UM CIMENTO DUAL NA RESISTÊNCIA DE UNIÃO À DENTINA RADICULAR." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2012. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/1794.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro through the push-out test, if the use of opaque glass fiber posts (Exacto – Angelus [PO]) and translucent (Exacto Translucent – Angelus [PT]), adhesively cemented into the root with dual resin cement (Variolink II - Ivoclar Vivadent) under different polymerization time had an influence on the bond strength in three different root canal thirds. Forty-eight singlerooted extracted human premolars were selected from the Tooth Bank UEPG for research. They had their crowns sectioned to form roots with 15 mm in length. All teeth received endodontic treatment and then were divided into 6 groups (n=8), to receive the cementation according to the type of glass fiber post (opaque vs.translucent) and the time of photoactivation of resin cement (20, 40 and 60 seconds). After storage in water at 37° C for one week, the teeth were embedded in acrylic resin and sectioned perpendicular to its long axis to form discs 1 mm thick, with two discs for each root third, and then were taken to the machine universal testing. The push-out test was performed at a speed of 0.5 mm/min. The data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test (p = 0.05). The mean values of bond strength (MPa) and standard deviation (SD) for groups in the cervical third, middle and apical regions were: PO20 - 21.02 ± 3.52, 15.83 ± 4.94 and 5.20 ± 10:48; PO40 - 14.42 ± 3.98, 12.12 ± 4.40 and 11.59 ± 4.89; PO60 - 16.27 ± 7.14, 13.33 ± 5.22 and 16.99 ± 7.82; PT20 - 18.34 ± 5.47, 10.83 ± 4.63 and 9.98 ± 4.76; PT40 - 17.51 ± 6.55, 14.06 ± 3.85 and 10.95 ± 4.65; PT60 - 19.42 ± 5.86, 15.35 ± 5.43 and 12.77 ± 5.93). There were no significant differences between the types of fiber posts used and the different times of polymerization (p>0.05) in relation to the root area were statistically significant differences only between the cervical and the other thirds (p>0.05). It can be concluded that the bond strength of the root canals was not affected by the type of glass fiber post (opaque vs. translucent) and photoactivation time.
O objetivo deste estudo in vitro foi avaliar por meio do teste de push-out, se a utilização de pinos de fibra de vidro opaco (Exacto – Angelus [PO]) e translúcido (Exacto Translúcido – Angelus [PT]), cimentados adesivamente no canal radicular com cimento resinoso de presa dual (Variolink II – Ivoclar Vivadent) sob diferentes tempos de fotoativação apresentavam influência na resistência de união nos três diferentes terços do canal radicular. Quarenta e oito pré-molares unirradiculares humanos extraídos foram selecionados no Banco de Dentes da UEPG para a pesquisa. Tiveram suas coroas seccionadas para formar raízes com 15 mm de comprimento. Todos os dentes receberam tratamento endodôntico e em seguida foram divididos em 6 grupos (n=8), para receber a cimentação de acordo com o tipo de pino de fibra de vidro (opaco vs translúcido) e com o tempo de fotoativação do cimento resinoso (20, 40 e 60 segundos). Após o armazenamento em água a 37o C por uma semana, os dentes foram embutidos em resina acrílica e seccionados perpendicularmente ao seu longo eixo para formar discos de 1 mm de espessura, sendo 2 discos para cada terço radicular, e em seguida foram levados à máquina de ensaios universal. O teste de push-out foi realizado a uma velocidade de 0,5 mm/min. Os dados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente por meio do teste ANOVA e pós-teste de Tukey (p=0,05). Os valores médios de RU (MPa) e desvio padrão (DP) para os grupos nos terços cervical, médio e apical foram respectivamente: PO20 – 21,02 ± 3,52, 15,83 ± 4,94 e 10,48 ± 5,20; PO40 – 14,42 ± 3,98, 12,12 ± 4,40 e 11,59 ± 4,89; PO60 – 16,27 ± 7,14, 13,33 ± 5,22 e 16,99 ± 7,82; PT20 – 18,34 ± 5,47, 10,83 ± 4,63 e 9,98 ± 4,76; PT40 – 17,51 ± 6,55, 14,06 ± 3,85 e 10,95 ± 4,65; PT60 – 19,42 ± 5,86, 15,35 ± 5,43 e 12,77 ± 5,93. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os tipos de pino de fibra utilizados e os diferentes tempos de fotoativação (p > 0,05); em relação à região radicular foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas somente entre o terço cervical e os demais terços (p > 0,05). Pode-se concluir que a resistência de união do canal radicular não foi afetada pelo tipo de pino de fibra de vidro (opaco vs translúcido) e tempo de fotoativação. O objetivo deste estudo in vitro foi avaliar por meio do teste de push-out, se a utilização de pinos de fibra de vidro opaco (Exacto – Angelus [PO]) e translúcido (Exacto Translúcido – Angelus [PT]), cimentados adesivamente no canal radicular com cimento resinoso de presa dual (Variolink II – Ivoclar Vivadent) sob diferentes tempos de fotoativação apresentavam influência na resistência de união nos três diferentes terços do canal radicular. Quarenta e oito pré-molares unirradiculares humanos extraídos foram selecionados no Banco de Dentes da UEPG para a pesquisa. Tiveram suas coroas seccionadas para formar raízes com 15 mm de comprimento. Todos os dentes receberam tratamento endodôntico e em seguida foram divididos em 6 grupos (n=8), para receber a cimentação de acordo com o tipo de pino de fibra de vidro (opaco vs translúcido) e com o tempo de fotoativação do cimento resinoso (20, 40 e 60 segundos). Após o armazenamento em água a 37o C por uma semana, os dentes foram embutidos em resina acrílica e seccionados perpendicularmente ao seu longo eixo para formar discos de 1 mm de espessura, sendo 2 discos para cada terço radicular, e em seguida foram levados à máquina de ensaios universal. O teste de push-out foi realizado a uma velocidade de 0,5 mm/min. Os dados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente por meio do teste ANOVA e pós-teste de Tukey (p=0,05). Os valores médios de RU (MPa) e desvio padrão (DP) para os grupos nos terços cervical, médio e apical foram respectivamente: PO20 – 21,02 ± 3,52, 15,83 ± 4,94 e 10,48 ± 5,20; PO40 – 14,42 ± 3,98, 12,12 ± 4,40 e 11,59 ± 4,89; PO60 – 16,27 ± 7,14, 13,33 ± 5,22 e 16,99 ± 7,82; PT20 – 18,34 ± 5,47, 10,83 ± 4,63 e 9,98 ± 4,76; PT40 – 17,51 ± 6,55, 14,06 ± 3,85 e 10,95 ± 4,65; PT60 – 19,42 ± 5,86, 15,35 ± 5,43 e 12,77 ± 5,93. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os tipos de pino de fibra utilizados e os diferentes tempos de fotoativação (p > 0,05); em relação à região radicular foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas somente entre o terço cervical e os demais terços (p > 0,05). Pode-se concluir que a resistência de união do canal radicular não foi afetada pelo tipo de pino de fibra de vidro (opaco vs translúcido) e tempo de fotoativação.
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26

Couto, Iara Andrade. "Análise teórica e experimental do comportamento da aderência entre o concreto e barras de fibra de vidro impregnada por polímero." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-01102007-085339/.

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O uso de novos materiais na construção civil combinado com a alta tecnologia dos processos construtivos pode conduzir à redução de custo e melhoria no comportamento da estrutura. Recentemente, em função da corrosão das barras de aço dentre outros fatores, muitos pesquisadores têm sugerido a utilização de barras não-metálicas como substituição das barras aço nas estruturas em concreto. Além das barras não-metálicas permitirem cobrimentos menores e possibilitarem menor custo de manutenção, outras vantagens no seu uso podem ser citadas, tais como: pequeno peso específico, alta resistência à tração, não condutibilidade elétrica, térmica e magnética, entre outras. Este trabalho analisa o comportamento da aderência entre barras de GFRP (barras de fibra de vidro impregnada por polímero) e o concreto, por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica e ensaios de arrancamento padronizados, segundo o RILEM-FIP-CEB (1973). Foram consideradas as influências dos parâmetros como a resistência à compressão do concreto e o diâmetro da barra de GFRP. Com base nos resultados experimentais, buscou-se comparar o comportamento de aderência barra de GFRP-concreto e barra de aço-concreto, além da verificação das formulações para previsão da resistência de aderência segundo códigos normativos e a literatura técnica, para estruturas armadas com barras de aço e barras de FRP. Posteriormente, realizou-se a análise numérica da aderência, por meio do método dos elementos finitos. Nos modelos experimentais de arrancamento pode-se perceber a influência das propriedades mecânicas e da conformação superficial das barras de GFRP no comportamento da aderência, apresentando menores resistências de aderência quando comparadas às barras de aço de diâmetro similar. O valor da resistência de aderência determinado experimentalmente foi maior que o valor proposto pelos códigos normativos. Os modelos numéricos não representaram satisfatoriamente o comportamento experimental, visto que se trata de uma simulação numérica linear e o comportamento experimental força x deslocamento é não-linear.
The use of new materials in civil construction combined with high technology processes leads to improvements in many aspects, like cost reductions and better structural behavior. Recently, due to corrosion of the steel bars, among other factors, many researchers have been suggesting the use of non-metallic bars as a substitution of the steel reinforcement in concrete structures. Besides, the non-metallic bars allow smaller clear cover and make possible lower maintenance cost, other advantages can be mentioned, such as: low specific weight, high tensile strength, electrical, thermal and magnetic non-conductivities, and others. This work analyzes the bond behavior between GFRP bars (Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer bars) and concrete, through state-of-art and standard pull-out tests, according to RILEM-FIP-CEB (1973). The influence of some parameters, as compressive concrete strength and GFRP bar diameter, was considered. Based on the experimental results, it was aimed at comparing the bond behavior of the GFRP-concrete bar with the steel-concrete bar, in addition to the verification of bond strength formulations established by the standards codes and the bibliography for structures reinforced with steel bars and FRP bars. Further, the bond numerical analysis was carried out through finite elements. In the pull-out tests, the influence of mechanical properties and superficial conformation on the GFRP bars was observed in the bond behavior, presenting smaller bond strength than the steel bars of similar diameter. The value of the experimental bond strength was larger than the value proposed by standards codes. The numerical models did not represent well the experimental behavior given that a linear numerical simulation was considered, but, actually, the experimental load x slip behavior is non-linear.
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27

Dobrovolski, Max. "INFLUÊNCIA DA TÉCNICA DE INSERÇÃO DE CIMENTOS RESINOSOS NA RETENÇÃO DE PINOS DE FIBRA DE VIDRO À DENTINA RADICULAR." Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, 2012. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/2639.

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Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar quatro técnicas de inserção de cimento resinoso na retenção de pinos de fibra de vidro à dentina radicular nos diferentes terços radiculares, bem como a nanoinfiltração nestes diferentes terços. As raízes de cinqüenta e dois pré-molares inferiores humanos extraídos foram tratadas endodonticamente e padronizado o preparo dos condutos. Assim, elas foram divididas aleatoriamente em quatro grupos, de acordo com a técnica de inserção do cimento: GC - seringa Centrix® com ponta fina; GL - broca Lentulo 35, GP - cimento aplicado diretamente no pino e GI - seringa para aplicação de insulina. Os pinos intra-radiculares (White Post DC - FGM) tiveram suas superfícies tratadas de acordo com o fabricante e foram cimentados de acordo com cada técnica. Após o armazenamento em água a 37° C por uma semana, para cada grupo, dez raízes foram seccionadas transversalmente em seis discos com 1 mm de espessura cada, e os terços coronário (TC), médio (TM) e apical (TA) do canal radicular foram identificados. O teste de push-out foi realizado a uma velocidade de 0,5 mm/min. Para avaliação da nanoinfiltração três raízes de cada grupo, ou seja, 6 discos por raiz, foram submetidos a imersão em Nitrato de Prata 50% para posterior obtenção de imagens feitas em microscopia eletrônica de varredura. As imagens foram analisadas por meio de software apropriado para obtenção das médias dos valores de nanoinfiltração convertidas em porcentagem. Os dados, submetidos a análise estatística por ANOVA 1 fator e Pós-teste Tukey (0,5%), mostraram que GC apresentou os melhores valores para resistência adesiva (MPa) e nanoinfiltração (%): 18,57 ± 4,19 e 37,70 ± 18,95 respectivamente, tendo GP o pior desempenho: 13,71 ± 1,61 e 65,11 ± 13,58 respectivamente. A técnica de inserção do cimento resinoso teve influencia nos valores de resistência adesiva e nanoinfiltração encontrados no estudo.
The aim of this study was to evaluate four techniques for insertion of resin cement on retention of glass fiber posts to root dentin in different root thirds, as well as these different nanoleakage in adhesive interface. The roots of the fifty-two human extracted pre-molars were endodontically treated and standardized preparation of the canals. It were divided into four groups according to the technique of insertion of the cement: GC - Centrix ® syringe with fine tip, GL - # 35 drill Lentulo, GP - cement applied directly to the post and GI - syringe for insulin delivery. The posts (White Post DC - FGM) had their surfaces treated in accordance with the manufacturer and were cemented according to each technique. After storage in water at 37° C for one week, each group of ten roots were sectioned transversely into six discs with 1 mm thick each, and coronal thirds (CT), medium (TM) and apical (TA) of root canal were identified. The push-out test was conducted at a speed of 0.5 mm / min. To evaluate the nanoleakage in the adhesive interface, three roots of each group, ie, 6 slices per root were submitted to immersion in 50% silver nitrate for subsequent obtaining of images made using scanning electron microscopy. Images were analyzed using appropriate software to obtain the mean nanoleakage values converted into percentage. The data were subjected to statistical analysis by ANOVA (one factor) and Tukey post-test (0.5%), showed that GC had the best values for bond strength (MPa) and nanoleakage (%):18,57 ± 4,19 e 37,70 ± 18,95 repectively and GP had the worst values: 13,71 ± 1,61 e 65,11 ± 13,58 respectively. The insertion technique of resin cement influenced on the bond strength values and on the nanoleakage found in the study.
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28

Carvalho, Carlos Augusto Ramos de. "Efeito da técnica úmida simplificada de adesão com etanol na cimentação intraradicular de pinos de fibra." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25131/tde-05122011-092428/.

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Este estudo avaliou a resistência ao deslocamento vertical push-out de pinos de fibra de vidro cimentados à dentina intra-radicular utilizando uma resina fluida padrão como agente cimentante em combinação com um adesivo dentinário experimental e um adesivo disponível comercialmente. 20 pré-molares unirradiculares humanos foram previamente extraídos e tratados endodonticamente. Os espécimes foram divididos em quatro estratégias de união a dentina: Grupo 1 com adesivo experimental com etanol na proporção em volume 1:1 (resina/etanol) e Grupo 2 com adesivo experimental com etanol na proporção em volume 1:2(resina/etanol); adesivos experimentais aplicados de acordo com a técnica úmida de adesão simplificada com etanol, Grupo 3: One-Step Plus aplicado de acordo com a técnica úmida de adesão simplificada com etanol; Grupo 4: One-Step Plus aplicado seguindo as instruções do fabricante. Os espécimes foram seccionados em fatias de 1 mm de espessura e apos o teste push-out foi realizado. Espécimes representativos foram selecionados para exame ultra-estrutural. Não houve diferença estatística na resistência ao deslocamento push-out entre as estratégias testadas de adesão (p> 0,05). O padrão predominante de fratura foi entre os pinos de fibra e o agente cimentante. A partir deste estudo devemos considerar como promissora a técnica com etanol utilizada na cimentação de pinos no canal radicular devido aos possíveis benefícios das resinas altamente hidrófobas. Mais estudos são necessários para validar o uso da técnica úmida de adesão simplificada com etanol quando cimentados pinos de fibra.
This study evaluated the push-out bond strength of glass fiber posts adhesively bonded to intraradicular dentin using a standard unfilled resin as luting agent in combination with an experimental and a commercially available adhesive. Twenty extracted single-rooted human teeth were endodontically treated. Specimens were assigned to 4 dentin bonding strategies: Group 1 (co-monomers to ethanol on ratio 1:1) and Group 2 (co-monomers to ethanol on ratio 1:2): Experimental adhesives applied in accordance with the simplified ethanol-wet bonding technique; Group 3: One-Step Plus (OSP) applied in accordance with the simplified ethanol-wet bonding technique; Group 4: OSP applied following manufacturers instructions. Bonded specimens were sectioned in 1-mm-thick slices and the push-out test was performed. Representative specimens were selected for ultrastructural examination. No statistical differences in push-out bond strength were found among the tested bonding strategies (p>0.05). The major failure pattern was between the post and the luting cement. From this study the ethanol technique should be considered as a promising approach in the luting of fiber posts into the root canal due to the possible benefits of highly hydrophobic resins. Further studies are needed to validate the use of the ethanol-wet bonding technique when luting a fiber post.
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29

Soares, Leandro Passos. "Influência de diferentes métodos de condicionamento superficial em pinos pré-fabricados resinosos fibro-reforçados em vidro e quartzo na resistência adesiva a compósito de polimerização dual: teste de push-out." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2012. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3504.

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O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma avaliação tridimensional da rugosidade superficial em 3 tipos de pinos de fibra - DT LightPost, FRC Postec Plus e Transluma Post - submetidos a diferentes tratamentos de superfície e avaliar os efeitos dos pré-tratamentos na resistência adesiva a um compósito de presa dual Biscore. Os tratamentos de superfície foram: imersão em ácido hidrofluorídrico, jateamento com óxido de alumínio a 50m, imersão em peróxido de hidrogênio, jateamento com óxido de alumínio a 50m seguido de imersão em ácido hidrofluorídrico e jateamento com óxido de alumínio a 50m seguido de imersão em peróxido de hidrogênio. No experimento 1, 75 pinos foram divididos em 3 grupos (n = 25), de acordo com seu fabricante e subdivididos em cinco subgrupos. A rugosidade superficial foi medida usando um rugosímetro tridimensional e analisada com o software de análise 3D. Os valores de rugosidade foram obtidos antes e após diferentes tratamentos de superfície na área dos mesmos corpos-de-prova. Para o experimento 2, foram utilizados os mesmos corpos-de-prova, os mesmos grupos e subgrupos do experimento 1, tendo sido adicionado o subgrupo de controle (n=90) e a resistência adesiva a um compósito presa dual Biscore foi mensurada através de um teste push-out. A resistência adesiva foi medida em uma máquina universal de ensaios, com uma célula de carga tipo SLBL-5kN em uma velocidade de 0,5 mm / min. Os resultados do experimento 1 foram analisados através de um teste estatístico t-Student. Jateamento e jateamento seguido de imersão em ácido hidrofluorídrico produziram um aumento estatisticamente significante na rugosidade, contudo somente o tratamento por jateamento proporcionou um aumento significativo nos valores de rugosidade. Os resultados do experimento 2 foram obtidos através de um um teste t-unilateral de hipótese com variância desconhecida. Concluiu-se que o jateamento com óxido de alumínio a 50μm em uma distância de 30 mm a 2,5 bar de pressão por 5 segundos foi suficiente para modificar a topografia dos pinos de fibra de vidro e quartzo e que o jateamento com partículas de 50 μ alumina a distância de 30 mm a 2,5 bar de pressão por 5 segundos foi o único tratamento de superfície que aumentou a resistência adesiva do compósito Biscore aos pinos DT Light Post e Transluma Post. Os pinos FRC Postec Plus não demostraram um aumento estatisticamente significante na resistência adesiva em nenhum grupo.
The aim of this study was to perform a tridimensional surface roughness test evaluation of different surface treatments to 3 types of fiber posts - DT LightPost, FRC Postec Plus e Transluma Post - and evaluate the effects of the different pretreatments on the bond strength of a dual-cure resin core material Biscore. The different surface treatments were: immersion in hydrofluoric acid, sandblasting abrasion with 50 alumina particles, immersion in hydrogen peroxide, sandblasting abrasion with 50 alumina particles followed by immersion in hydrofluoric acid and sandblasting abrasion with 50 alumina particles followed by immersion in hydrogen peroxide. In the first experiment seventy five fiber posts were divided into 3 groups (n = 25), according to their manufacturer and subdivided into 5 subgroups. Surface roughness was measured using a tridimensional surface roughness test and analyzed with 3D analysis software. Surface roughness was obtained before and after the different surface treatments at the same post area. In the second experiment the same samples divided in groups and subgroups were used, but a control group (no treatment) was added (n = 90) and the bond strength to a composite resin core material Biscore was measured using a push-out design. The interfacial push-out bond strength was measured in a universal testing machine, with a load cell type SLBL-5kN at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Results in experiment 1 were statistically analyzed using Students t-Test. Sandblasting and sandblasting followed by immersion in hydrofluoric acid produced a significant increase in roughness, but the sandblasting treatment was able to provide a significant roughness increase. Results in experiment 2 were statistically analysed using one-sided t-Test of Hypothesis with unknown variance. It was concluded that sandblasting airborne-particle abrasion with alumina 50 at a distance of 30 mm at 2.5 bars pressure for 5 seconds was sufficient to modify the surface topography of glass and quartz fiber posts and the sandblasting abrasion with 50 alumina particles at a distance of 30 mm at 2.5 bars pressure for 5 seconds was the only surface treatment in DT Light Post and Transluma Post that increased the bond strength to dual cure resin composite cores. FRC Postec Plus post did not shown an increase in bond strength in any group.
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30

Börjesson, Emma. "Livestreaming av företag – En studie gällande engagemanget hos mottagaren." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20156.

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Denna studie undersöker olika faktorer som påverkar livestreaming ur mottagare-, sändare- samt teoretiskt perspektiv. För att därigenom skapa en ökad kunskap gällande dess användande och engagemang. Under processen har grundad teori använts som forskningsperspektiv och både kvalitativa intervjuer och fokusgrupper har genomförts. Resultatet visar att där är viktiga steg för att skapa engagemang. Medvetenhet, där mottagaren görs medveten om företaget via spridning. Intresse, där ett intresse skapas med hjälp av innehållet men där vaksamhet bör tas gällande Fear of Missing out respektive Video-On-Demand och dess inverkan på mottagaren. Interaktion och engagemang, där en dialog skapas med mottagaren och en gemenskap byggs upp där publiken är deltagande. Dessa steg leder till lojalitet och förespråkare som är villiga att sprida företaget och dess innehåll vidare. Slutsatsen konstaterar att dessa steg borde ses som en cirkel istället för en trappa. Vilket betyder att alla är lika viktiga delar i att skapa ett engagemang. De bygger även vidare på varandra och det sista steget är inte slutresultatet utan bör ses som en pågående process som leder oss tillbaka till första steget.
This study seeks to explore the motives behind livestreaming from a sender-, receiver- and theoretical perspective. With the aim to create a better understanding for receiver engagement and sender usage. During the process, grounded theory was used as research method and both qualitative interviews and focus groups were implied. The results show that there are important steps to create engagement. Aware, where you make the receiver know about you through coverage. Interest, where you create an interest with the content your making but also watch out for the impact Fear of Missing out and Video-On-Demand might have on the receiver. Interaction and engagement, where you create a dialogue with the receiver and build a community where the audience is participating. These steps lead to loyalty and advocates who are willing to spread you and your content further. In conclusion, these steps are to be approached as a circle rather than a ladder. Meaning that they are all important components of creating engagement. They build on each other and the last step is not the end result but an ongoing progress leading us back to step one.
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Gonçalves, Mariella Agostinho. "Resistência da união ao teste de push-out de cimentos resinosos auto-adesivos em dentina radicular." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2012. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/1580.

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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Neste estudo, avaliou-se a resistência da união ao push-out de dois cimentos resinosos auto-adesivos e de um cimento resinoso convencional em dentina radicular. Em 60 dentes terceiros molares humanos, tratados endodonticamente, um pino de fibra de vidro foi cimentado com um dos três cimentos resinosos. Cada raiz foi seccionada em sentido transversal para a obtenção de três fatias (dentina-pino) de 1 mm de espessura. As fatias, correspondentes aos terços cervical, médio e apical do canal radicular, foram armazenadas em água deionizada a 37 ºC, durante 24 horas ou 30 dias. Após o teste de push-out, os valores de resistência da união foram submetidos aos testes estatísticos ANOVA three way e Tuckey (p = 0,05) e os tipos de fratura foram avaliados através de microscopia eletrônica de varredura. A resistência da união do cimento resinoso auto-adesivo RelyX U100 foi superior à do cimento convencional RelyX ARC, após os dois períodos de armazenamento (p < 0,05). No terço cervical, os valores de resistência da união do cimento resinoso convencional RelyX ARC foram maiores que nos terços médio e apical (p < 0,05) na análise de 24 horas. Após 30 dias de armazenamento, os valores nos três terços radiculares não diferiram entre si. Os valores de resistência da união do cimento resinoso RelyX U100, nas três regiões do canal radicular, não diferiram entre si (p > 0,05), em ambos os momentos de avaliação. Após 24 horas, BisCem apresentou maior resistência da união no terço apical, seguido pelo terço cervical. Após 30 dias, os valores de resistência da união nos três terços radiculares não diferiram entre si (p > 0,05). RelyX U100 não sofreu alteração nos valores de resistência da união após 30 dias de envelhecimento (p > 0,05). BisCem não apresentou diferenças nos valores obtidos após 24 horas e 30 dias de envelhecimento nos terços cervical e médio (p > 0,05). Para RelyX ARC, o tempo de 30 dias reduziu os valores de resistência da união nos três terços radiculares. RelyX U100 e BisCem apresentaram maior número de falhas coesivas da zona de interação. Para RelyX ARC, observou-se maior número de falhas coesivas da camada híbrida. Concluiu-se que o cimento resinoso auto-adesivo RelyX U100 apresentou maior resistência da união que o cimento resinoso convencional RelyX ARC, nos três terços radiculares, nos dois momentos de avaliação. BisCem demonstrou resistência da união comparável a do cimento RelyX U100. O tempo de armazenamento por 30 dias provocou alteração na resistência da união dos cimentos resinosos RelyX ARC e BisCem.
This study evaluated the push-out bond strength of two self-adhesive resin cements and a conventional etch-and-rinse resin cement on root dentin. Sixty human third molars were endodontically treated and a glass fiber post was cemented with one of three resin cements. Each root was cut transversely to obtain three slices (dentin-post) of 1 mm thick. The slices of the cervical, middle and apical root canal were stored in deionized water at 37 °C for 24 hours or 30 days. After storage, the push-out test was performed. The values of bond strength were evaluated by ANOVA three way and Tuckey’ test (p = 0,05) and the types of fracture were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. The bond strength of the self-adhesive resin cement RelyX U100 was superior to the RelyX ARC etch-and-rinse cement, after the two storage periods (p > 0.05). The analysis of 24 hours showed that at the cervical third, the values of bond strength of RelyX ARC were higher than that of the middle and apical thirds (p < 0.05). After 30 days of storage, the values at the three root thirds did not differ. The values of RelyX U100, on the three regions of the root canal did not differ, in both evaluations (p > 0.05). After 24 hours, BisCem showed higher bond strength at the apical third, followed by cervical. After 30 days, the values of bond strength at the three root thirds did not differ (p > 0.05). RelyX U100 did not exhibit changes in bond strength values after 30 days of storage (p > 0.05). BisCem showed no differences in the values obtained after 24 hours and 30 days of aging at the cervical and middle thirds (p > 0.05). The storage time of 30 days reduced the values of bond strength at the three root thirds of RelyX ARC. RelyX U100 e BisCem had the highest number of cohesive failures of the zone of interaction. RelyX ARC presented a higher number of cohesive failures of the hybrid layer were observed. It was concluded that the RelyX U100 self-adhesive resin cement showed higher bond strength than the conventional resin cement RelyX ARC, on the three root thirds, in both periods. BisCem showed bond strength comparable to RelyX U100. The storage time for 30 days caused changes on the bond strength of the RelyX ARC and BisCem resin cements.
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32

Amaral, Marina. "CONDICIONAMENTO DA SUPERFÍCIE DE PINOS DE FIBRA DE VIDRO: INFLUÊNCIA NA RESISTÊNCIA ADESIVA APÓS CICLAGEM MECÂNICA E NA RESISTÊNCIA À FLEXÃO DOS PINOS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2010. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/6068.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Aim: To evaluate the bond strength between glass fiber post and intrarradicular dentin or core composite resin after several post surface treatments, and the effect of surface treatments on posts flexural strength. Material and methods: The following post surface treatments were evaluated: G1- no conditioning; G2- cleaning with alcohol (AL); G3- AL + silane application (SIL); G4- Al2O3 + SIL; G5- H2O2 + SIL; G6- HF + SIL; G7- H3PO4 + SIL. Tem double-tapered fiber posts from each evaluated surface treatment were cemented into bovine teeth previously embedded into acrylic resin. After, a standard composite resin cylindrical core was build up. Samples were submitted to mechanical cycling (106 cycles, 4 Hz, 37ºC) and sectioned into 2 mm slices. For root portion the bond strength was measured through push-out test, while core slices were machined into hour-glasses and submitted to microtensile bond strength test. The three point bending test was applied to cylindrical posts from G1, G4, G5, G6 and G7, to flexural strength evaluation. Moreover, two posts from these groups were conditioned for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). One-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey s test were applied to each evaluation (α=0,05). Results: the post surface conditioning had no effect on post retention into root canal (p=0,876), however the microtensile bond strength between post and composite resin was significantly affected (p<0,001), where G3 presented the highest values of bond strength. The flexural strength was also influenced by post surface conditioning, where sandblasting with Al2O3 125 μm significantly decreased the posts strength. The analysis through SEM revealed different patterns of surface s modification after conditioning. Conclusions: (1) post retention into root dentin was not affected by post surface conditioning, bust silane application promotes higher microtensile bond strength between post and composite resin; (2) sandblasting posts surface with Al2O3 125 μm decreased posts flexural strength; and (3) different patterns of surface conditioning were observed under SEM.
Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resistência adesiva entre pino de fibra de vidro e dentina intrarradicular ou resina composta do núcleo após diferentes tratamentos de superfície dos pinos, e a influência do tratamento de superfície da resistência à flexão dos pinos. Materiais e Métodos: Os seguintes métodos para tratamento da superfície dos pinos foram avaliados: G1- sem tratamento; G2- limpeza com álcool; G3- limpeza com álcool + aplicação de silano (SIL); G4- Al2O3 125 μm + SIL; G5- H2O2 + SIL; G6- HF + SIL; G7- H3PO4 + SIL. Dez pinos de fibra de vidro duplo-cônicos condicionados com cada um dos tratamentos listados acima (n=10) foram cimentados em raízes bovinas, embutidas perpendicularmente em resina acrílica. Após, um núcleo cilíndrico padronizado foi reconstruído em resina composta. Os corpos de prova foram submetidos a 106 ciclos mecânicos (100 N, 4 Hz, 37°C, 45°) antes de serem seccionados em fatias de 2 mm de espessura. Para a porção radicular, a resistência adesiva foi medida através do teste de extrusão push-out, enquanto que para a resistência adesiva da porção coronária, foi utilizado o teste de microtração com espécimes em forma de ampulheta. Para avaliação da resistência à flexão, pinos com os tratamentos correspondentes aos grupos G1, G4, G5, G6 e G7 (n=5) foram submetidos ao teste de flexão de três pontos. Além disso, dois pinos com tratamentos de superfície destes grupos foram cobertos com ouro e submetidos à análise em MEV. Análise de variância 1-fator foi aplicada para cada uma das avaliações, seguida do teste de Tukey para contraste de médias (α=0,05). Resultados: Para retenção no canal radicular, a modificação da superfície dos pinos não foi relevante (p=0,876). Porém, a adesão entre pino de fibra e resina composta foi estatisticamente afetada pelos tratamentos de superfície (p<0,001), sendo do G3 os maiores valores de resistência adesiva à microtração. O fator de estudo também afetou a resistência à flexão: Al2O3 125μm apresentou diminuição significativa na resistência dos pinos. Sob análise em MEV, diferentes padrões de superfície foram observados após condicionamentos. Conclusões: (1) a retenção do pino no canal radicular não foi afetada pelos tratamentos sugeridos, porém a aplicação de silano na superfície do pino parece aumentar a retenção do núcleo de resina composta; (2) o jateamento da superfície dos pinos com Al2O3 125 μm pode ser danoso para as propriedades de flexão dos pinos; e (3) diferentes padrões de morfologia de superfície foram observados sob MEV.
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33

Du, Plessis Carol Denise. "Experiences of student support in the distance mode bachelor of nursing science degree at the University of Namibia." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3985.

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Magister Public Health - MPH
An urgent need to rapidly increase the size and capacity of the health workforce to manage the health system in Namibia motivated the development of a Bachelor of Nursing Science degree which has been offered at a distance since 1997 at the University of Namibia. The programme is delivered from the University’s Central and Northern Campuses, enabling qualified nurses to develop management and educator capacity while continuing to work;throughput has however been low and slow. Since student support is posited as a vital ingredient of distance education success, this study sought to understand how students experienced the support services offered by the University of Namibia’s distance education unit – the Centre for External Studies. The study explored students’ experiences and perceptions of administrative, social and academic support services provided by the University. The research design was qualitative, and exploratory, using focus groups and interviews for data collection. The sample comprised of forty Bachelor of Nursing Science students enrolled on both campuses between 2005 –2011 as well as seven staff involved in student support services. Documents and interviews of envisioned support services from the Centre for External Studies served as the basis for the evaluation of services. Data was analysed using thematic content analysis. A comparison was made of the findings from the two campuses.The findings reflected positive experiences of support from family and lecturers as well as institutional offerings such as video conferences. There were, however, some institutional weaknesses in the programme delivery such as the late delivery of study materials which impacted on students’ submission of assignments, and weak communication systems which affected delivery of support workshops. The libraries on both campuses were not adequately resourced and prescribed books were not always available at the local bookshops. Lecturer presence was missed by many students who were not used to distance learning, although the intensity of this experience differed between the students on the different Campuses.Personal challenges were sometimes responsible for student discontinuation of the programme, and work-related challenges affected attendance of vacation schools. These problems were experienced more by the students on the Northern Campus.Out of this study, recommendations were made on how to improve support services for advanced nursing students studying at a distance at the University of Namibia. Ethical clearance for the study was obtained from both the University of Namibia and the University of the Western Cape.
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Pereira, Janaina Carla. "Efeito do tipo de cimento de fixação e configurações de retentores intra-radiculares na adesão à dentina radicular em diferentes profundidades." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2007. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/16895.

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Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais
This study evaluated the effect of different types of luting cement and post configuration on the bonding to intra-radicular dentin in different depths. One hundred and twenty roots received endodontic treatment and were post space preparation for fixation of glass fiber post in the configurations: serrated/parallel Reforpost X-Ray (S); and smooth/conical Exato Cônico (L). The posts were fixed with cements: RelyX ARC (ARC), RelyX Luting 2 (LU), RelyX Unicem (UN), Maxicem (MAX) and Cement-Post (CP). The roots were sectioned transversally, getting two disks of 1mm of thickness for third of the root portion: cervical (C), medium (M) and apical (A), and submitted to the micropush-out test with speed of 0.5mm/min. The bond strength values (MPa) were submitted to the analysis of variance in scheme of subdivided parcel and Tukey test (p0.05). There was significant difference among the cements types (p<0.0001), among the localizations (p<0.0001) and the interaction cement x localization was significant (p<0.0001). The post configuration did not influence the bond strength values. The cements LU and UN presented the highest values of bonding in all extension of root dentin. The cements ARC and CP presented similar bonding values in cervical third, however, the bond strength decreased in the crown-apex direction for the ARC. The cement MAX presented the lowest values of bonding.
Este estudo avaliou o efeito do tipo de cimento de fixação e da configuração de retentores intra-radiculares na adesão à dentina intra-radicular em diferentes profundidades. Cento e vinte raízes receberam tratamento endodôntico e foram aliviadas para fixação de retentores intra-radiculares de fibra de vidro nas configurações: serrilhado/paralelo Reforpost X-Ray (S); e liso/cônico Exato Cônico (L). Os pinos foram fixados com cimentos: RelyX ARC (ARC), RelyX Luting 2 (LU), RelyX Unicem (UN), Maxicem (MAX) e Cement-Post (CP). As raízes foram seccionadas transversalmente, obtendo-se 2 discos de 1mm de espessura por terço da porção radicular aliviada: cervical (C), médio (M) e apical (A), e submetidos ao teste de micropush-out com velocidade de 0,5mm/min. Os valores de resistência adesiva (MPa) foram submetidos à análise de variância em esquema de parcela subdividida e teste de Tukey (p<0,05). Houve diferença significativa entre os tipos de cimentos (p<0,0001), entre as localizações (p<0,0001) e a interação cimento x localização foi significativa (p<0,0001). A configuração do pino não influenciou nos valores de resistência adesiva. Os cimentos LU e UN apresentaram os maiores valores de adesão em toda extensão da dentina radicular. Os cimentos ARC e CP apresentaram valores de adesão no terço cervical semelhantes, contudo, a resistência adesiva decresceu no sentido coroa-ápice para o ARC. O cimento MAX apresentou os menores valores de adesão.
Mestre em Odontologia
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35

Liljekvist, Hampus. "Detecting Synchronisation Problems in Networked Lockstep Games." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-189593.

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The complexity associated with development of networked video games creates a need for tools for verifying a consistent player experience. Some networked games achieve consistency through the lockstep protocol, which requires identical execution of sent commands for players to stay synchronised. In this project a method for testing networked multiplayer lockstep games for synchronisation problems related to nondeterministic behaviour is formulated and evaluated. An integrated fuzzing AI is constructed which tries to cause desynchronisation in the tested game and generate data for analysis using log files. Scripts are used for performing semi-automated test runs and parsing the data. The results show that the test system has potential for finding synchronisation problems if the fuzzing AI is used in conjunction with the regular AI in the tested game, but not for finding the origins of said problems.
Komplexiteten förenad med utveckling av nätverksuppkopplade dataspel skapar ett behov av verktyg för att verifiera en konsistent spelarupplevelse. Vissa nätverksspel hålls konsistenta med hjälp av lockstep-protokollet, vilket kräver identisk exekvering av skickade kommandon för att spelarna ska hållas synkroniserade. I detta projekt formuleras och evalueras en metod för att testa om nätverksuppkopplade flerspelarspel lider av synkroniseringsproblem relaterade till ickedeterministiskt beteende. En integrerad fuzzing-AI konstrueras som försöka orsaka desynkronisering i det testade spelet och generera data för analys med hjälp av loggfiler. Skript används för att utföra halvautomatiserade testkörningar och tolka data. Resultaten visar att testsystemet har potential för att hitta synkroniseringsproblem om fuzzing-AI:n används tillsammans med den vanliga AI:n i det testade spelet, men inte för att hitta de bakomliggande orsakerna till dessa problem.
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36

Lavanant, Marion. "Retournement de l’aimantation dans des jonctions tunnels magnétiques par effet de transfert de spin." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0122/document.

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Les mémoires non-volatiles magnétiques à effet de couple de transfert de spin - STT-MRAM sont un nouveau type de mémoire pouvant remplacer les mémoires DRAM ou SRAM. Chaque point de mémoire STT-MRAM est une jonction tunnel magnétique sous forme d’un pilier de taille nanométrique, composée de deux couches magnétiques séparées par une barrière d'oxide. L'empilement multicouche doit être élaboré sous ultravide par épitaxie par faisceau moléculaire (M.B.E.) ou par pulvérisation cathodique (P.V.D.). Ces méthodes d’élaboration sont développées par la société Vinci Technologies (finançant ce travail de thèse par une bourse CIFRE). L’amplitude de la magnétorésistance tunnel, utilisée pour lire les informations stockées dans la mémoire, dépend de l'orientation relative des aimantations des deux couches magnétiques. Par ailleurs, l'écriture de l’information dans le dispositif est obtenue grâce à l'effet de couple de transfert de spin, qui permet la manipulation de l’aimantation en utilisant un courant polarisé. Enfin, la stabilité thermique du dispositif est donnée par la barrière en énergie séparant les deux orientations d'aimantation (vers le haut et vers le bas dans le cas d'un dispositif perpendiculaire). Pour que les STT-MRAM soient une technologie compétitive, la tension critique nécessaire au retournement de l’aimantation (tension d'écriture) ainsi que le temps de retournement doivent être réduits, tandis que la stabilité thermique doit rester suffisamment élevée pour assurer la conservation de l'information. Au cours de ma thèse, en collaboration avec Vinci Technologies, les équipements nécessaires à la croissance des couches minces composant les jonctions tunnels (M.B.E. et P.V.D.) ont été optimisées. Grâce à cela, nous avons pu obtenir des couches minces avec une anisotropie perpendiculaire (hors du plan) bien caractérisée. J'ai ensuite concentré mon étude sur les dispositifs STT-MRAM industriels (IBM et STT) présentant une aimantation perpendiculaire pour comprendre le mécanisme de retournement de l’aimantation induite par le courant. J'ai alors pu identifier les paramètres pertinents influençant la valeur de la tension de retournement et proposer des solutions pour l'abaisser tout en préservant la stabilité thermique. Grâce à une étude concernant la probabilité de retournement d'aimantation, comparée à une modélisation macrospin et micromagnétique, j'ai mis en évidence un mécanisme de retournement variable en fonction de la configuration magnétique initiale. En effet, le champ rayonné par une couche magnétique sur une autre et la forme de la jonction tunnel ont un impact important sur la manipulation de l'aimantation
Spin Transfer Torque - Magnetic Random Access Memories – STT-MRAM – are developed as a new type of memory which could replace DRAM or SRAM. In the case of STT- MRAM, each memory point is a nanopillar magnetic tunnel junction composed of two magnetic layers separated by an oxide barrier. The multilayer stack can be grown under ultra-high vacuum using Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) or Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD). Those systems are developed by the company Vinci Technologies (sponsoring this PhD work). The tunnel magnetoresistance signal which depends on the relative orientation of the two magnetizations is used to read the information stored in the device. The writing of the information in the device is realized thanks to the spin transfer torque effect, which allows magnetization manipulation using a spin current. The thermal stability of the device is given by the energy barrier separating the two magnetization orientations (up and down in the case of a perpendicular device). For STT-MRAM to be a competitive technology, the critical voltage needed for magnetization switching (writing voltage) as well as the switching time have to be reduced while the thermal stability remains high enough to ensure the retention of information. During my thesis, in collaboration with Vinci-Technologies several tools to grow thin films have been optimized. With such equipment, we were able to grow thin films with well characterized perpendicular (out-of-plane) anisotropy. I have then focused my study on industrial STT-MRAM devices (from two companies: IBM and STT) with an out-of-plane magnetization direction so as to understand the mechanism of current induced magnetization switching. By doing so, I could identify the relevant parameters influencing the switching voltage value and propose solutions to lower it while preserving thermal stability. Through a probabilistic study of magnetization reversal, coupled with macrospin and micromagnetic modeling studies, I have evidenced different switching mechanisms depending on the initial magnetic configuration. Indeed both the stray field from one magnetic layer to the other and the shape of the nanopillar have a large impact on magnetization manipulation
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37

YANG, CHEN-MING, and 楊鎮銘. "OTT Video on Demand Web Security Research." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9t9fya.

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碩士
國立暨南國際大學
資訊管理學系
107
OTT is a fast-growing market and a trend changing people's daily life, but most of OTT service providers do not have enough protections implemented, left vulnerabilities in their systems in different levels. We studied top sixteen popular OTT services in Taiwan from the perspective of information security, did black-box analysis of their systems implementations and architectures, to identify weaknesses in modules related to DRM, User Verification and Authorization, Video Preview, Access Control, Metadata, License and Token Control. And we also found solutions for each of them to enhance their systems base on our results. Our analysis revealed that 14 out of 16 OTT services are vulnerable (87.5%), which 8 of them has DRM issues, and multiple vulnerabilities in the other six websites. Our proposed approach also holds promise to drastically reduce security concerns for each of them.
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38

TU, MING-YI, and 涂敏怡. "The Research on Taiwan OTT Video Platform Ecosystem." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79j7t4.

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博士
世新大學
傳播研究所(含博士學位學程)
106
The OTT (Over The Top) video industry has been rapidly developing in Taiwan in recent years. Due to the maturity of 4G broadband, the popularization of smart devices has enabled many new and traditional media industrial players in Taiwan to step into the field of OTT. Taiwan's continuously growing OTT video market deserves in-depth exploration. However, few studies have explored business models and the competitive and cooperative relationships between the ecosystems among Taiwan’s OTT video platforms. Therefore, this research will classify, interpret, and analyze platform business models and ecosystem strategies in Taiwan’s OTT video industry. This research first summarizes three types of OTT video platforms in Taiwan, through their service features: niche-based, value-added services, and emerging OTT video platforms. Furthermore, the author analyzes several aspects of the OTT video platform business model in Taiwan, through the following methods: 1)environment analysis of business models canvas (including market forces, industry forces, key trends and macro-economic forces), 2)current state analysis (including content analysis, pricing strategy and functional comparison), and 3) in-depth interviews with selected experts and senior managers of eight main Taiwan OTT video platforms to verify the platform business model (including value proposition, value network and value financing) and business ecosystem. The author also analyzes business ecosystems, and investigates the co-opetition behaviors between the three types of Taiwan OTT video platforms and its stakeholders. In addition, the author identifies important traits of keystone species in this OTT ecosystem, challenges and opportunities of the OTT video platform providers, as well as regulatory issues that derive from external threats to the ecosystem of Taiwan OTT video platform. The main findings of this research are as follows: first, Taiwan’s limited market is already oversaturated by OTT video platforms, and the competitions among the three major types of OTTs have been fierce. On the other hand, some platforms have started strategic alliances. Second, there are three potential threats to the OTT video industry in Taiwan: illegal overseas OTT TV websites, foreign OTT video websites, and Significant Market Power (SMP) in online advertising market. Third, at first glance, the intertwined relationships between OTT video platform and the existing video ecosystem in Taiwan seem complex, but the OTT video platforms have evolved through complementing existing IPTV services. Fourth, through industry-based in-depth interviews, it is found that the industrial and academic researchers in Taiwan are still accustomed to using the “industrial chain” perspective to discuss the problems encountered in the television industry in Taiwan. The author argues that the conventional perspective is insufficient in finding solutions for the root cause problems coming from the larger ecological environment. The research suggestions are as follows: first, operators of Taiwan OTT Video platforms should consider operating OTT video services in the “ecosystem” perspective, and maximally increase their stakeholders to keep expanding their platforms’ growth scale. Second, Taiwan’s government should proactively investigate and prosecute illegal overseas OTT video websites, and develop timely strategies to counter unfair competition from foreign OTT video websites. Third, academic researchers should conduct further studies on threats of malignant competitors in the Internet media business ecosystem (such as piracy).
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39

Kuo, Ying-Tzu, and 郭穎慈. "The Willingness to Pay for OTT Video Service." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ex479k.

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碩士
國立交通大學
經營管理研究所
106
With the rapid development of Internet, the viewing habits of audience are gradually changed from TV to online OTT(Over-the-top) video service. In Taiwan, there are many company devote to OTT video service, including telecommunications, cable television system operators, and startups, they are trying to get more paid members. For example, myVideo, friDay, Netflix, IQIYI, and so on. This study adopts the TAM model as the research framework and organizes the variables with exogenous variables such as self-innovation, experiences of OTT service, compatibility of technology, convenience of usage, and enjoyment, and with cost use cost as moderator variables. Using questionnaires to collect samples, and adopting structural equation modeling(SEM) to analyze the data. The result shows that compatibility of technology, convenience of usage and enjoyment effect perceived ease of use significantly, self-innovation, convenience of usage and enjoyment effect perceived of usefulness significantly, a significant difference in perceived ease of use and perceived of usefulness, and the two variables effect use attitude and then effect behavior intention significantly as well. There are differences in use cost moderators to use attitude and behavior intention.
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40

Chang, Hung-Lung, and 張鴻隆. "Factors influencing users behavioral intention in OTT video services." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43163514528782696957.

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碩士
世新大學
傳播匯流與創新管理數位學習碩專班
102
With the progress of the modern technology, the popularization of the internet network and development of mobile communication, media contents and communication channels begin transforming from analog to digital. Digital convergence let to integration of both communication and information technology with an unprecedented speed. Audience may whenever and wherever possible using a variety of equipment to receive digital media contents. At the same time bring people to life with all changes of Internet network, Mobilization, Cloud, Socialization and Intellectualization. Marketing survey found people began watching the video and audio drama programs by using OTT service method thru internet. This study mainly addressed to the problems of what kind of factors will affect the consumer’s behavior, attitude and intention to use OTT video and audio services. Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, combined with the Perceived Playfulness and Perceived Critical Mass the two external factors as extensions. Thus, developing to the research structure, exploring the influence factors of consumers using OTT service, collecting data thru the internet questionnaires and using Structural Equation Model conducting quantitative analysis. The study found the Perceived Playfulness, Perceived Critical Mass and Perceived behavioural control will control the influence of using attitude. Attitude toward Behavior also has a positive influence on Behavior Intention.
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41

Chen-HaoLiu and 劉承皓. "Dilemma of Mobile Operator: Dumb Pipe or OTT Video Service Provider." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56j5a3.

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42

LIU, XUE-CHUN, and 劉雪純. "A Study of Customer Satisfaction of VIP Services on OTT Video Platforms." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ea7nj7.

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Abstract:
碩士
世新大學
資訊傳播學研究所(含碩專班)
107
Abstract With the development of the Internet and smart phones, the attention of contemporary audiences has gradually shifted from television to OTT Video Platforms, and even more and more audiences are willing to pay to become memberships of OTT Video Platforms. What are the main services for memberships on OTT Video Platforms at present? According to the Kano’s model, what are the qualities of these services? How is the satisfaction? How to improve services for memberships on Netflix, iQIYI and LiTV? In order to study these three questions, this paper will firstly to analyze the related literature and the services for membership on current platforms. Then we found out the 25 main services. According to design questionnaire of the Kano’s model, a total of 173 valid questionnaires were received after the questionnaire was sent out, and it was found that 19 services such as video amount and video type are regarded as must-be quality service by most interviewees, blocking advertisement service is regarded as one- dimensional quality service by most interviewees, the live broadcast of match or concerts, reservation for downloading are considered as attractive quality service by most interviewees, picture in picture, sending friends films as gifts, obvious barrage are considered as indifferent quality service by most interviewees. Besides, memberships are very sensitive to changes in blocking ads and video quality, the improvement of these two services not only enhance satisfaction, but also reduce dissatisfaction. Finally, this study suggests that new video platforms could improve the quality of advertising, live broadcast of match or concerts, reservation for downloading after satisfying the quantity of films, types of films and image quality. Netflix could consider to add the service of reservation for downloading. IQIYI could improve the quality of live broadcast of match or concerts but stop offering the services of provide picture-in- picture, sending friends films as gifts, obvious barrage services. LiTV can consider to make native videos about Taiwan and to offer 1080p quality options, reservation for downloading services.
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43

HOU, PEI-YING, and 侯佩潁. "The Popularity of Video Streaming Platform (OTT) Impact on the Cable Industry." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7fgyfr.

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Abstract:
碩士
國立雲林科技大學
企業管理系
107
In 2016, it was called the first year of OTT (Over-The-Top). Facing the rise of digital convergence trend OTT platform, it brought out new type of audio-visual media impact, enabling Taiwanese consumers to quickly accept the way of video streaming, and have caused a great impact to system operators. This study is aimed at OTT operators who provide services in Taiwan. The three major players compare with the cable TV industry, and test the differences to provide advice to cable TV operators. This study uses OTT operators: Netflix (NetFly), Iqiyi Taiwan Station, CATCHPLAY to compare objects. Providing TV channels ,audio and video content, charging methods and prices, video streaming terminal equipment for OTT operators and cable TV. Comparison of program type ratings and others. The results of this study found that the differences between OTT operators and cable TV are as follows： 1. Content providers: Netflix (NetFly), Iqiyi (Taiwan Station), CATCHPLAY, audio and video content have their own characteristics and advantages. 2. The cable TV price rate specification limit is 600 yuan, but the customer can flexibly purchase the digital value-added premium channel package, which is not subject to the upper limit specification; the OTT operator has the advantage in price, and the customer can only choose the favorite type channel to follow. 3. The cable set-top box (STB) needs to be provided by the cable TV provider, and the OTT operator does not need to bear the cost of the set-top box. 4. OTTs popular ratings data shows that the ratings of drama types and movie-type programs are affected, which has indeed caused the impact of the decline in cable TV households, but the ratings of news-type programs are not affected. Keywords：OTT, Cable TV, Digital Convergence
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44

Liu, Duen Ruey, and 劉敦瑞. "From Cable TV to OTT Video Platform Strategy: A study in Taiwan." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77405145293311096833.

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博士
世新大學
傳播研究所(含博士學位學程)
103
This study investigates the managing strategies of cable TV multiply system operators and other Over-the-Top (OTT) video platform operators in Taiwan based on value net, platform and catalyst strategy perspectives. The research questions are, 1: What are the value nets changes for the different participants of cable TV value net when managing OTT video platform? 2: What are the strategies for participants of value net in managing OTT video platform? What are the opportunities and challenges to cable TV? 3: What are the strategies and future possibilities for cable TV operators managing OTT video platform. The research method applies in-depth interviews, the research period dates from January to March in 2015. Due to the short development time of OTT in Taiwan, the researcher selected mid to upper management with two to three years of related experience. The research subjects are 9 managers in five companies. Several findings were shown during the research process. Position in value net theory becomes difficult with digital convergence trend. Because of the maturity in internet environment, OTT can be managed in free open style. Content providers, equipment operators and transition operators can all provide OTT video service. When observing participants of cable TV value net managing OTT platform, the researcher finds: Complementors (TPV Smart TV) combine Chunghwa Telecom resources to increase diverse contents and enrich product value in order to extend long term contract. Competitors (CHT Video) integrate Chunghwa Telecom resources and attempt to develop OTT services other than video category in response of OTT challenges. Suppliers (UDN TV) execute multiple platform strategy to increase exposures and profit for UDN video contents. Customers (Super Entertainment) form the matching platform between aspiring entertainers and create performing stages for artists. OTT video platform operators but not cable TV create its own ecosystem Chunghwa Telecom and TPV are considered to be vital complimentors among participating operators. Meanwhile, cable TV operators are seemingly conservative in OTT service management. Kbro extends its service areas in focusing broadband service with no manage area limitation and transforms OTT service to marketing strategy. OTT service is the free product after customers purchase broadband service. Also, Kbro integrates its corporate resources along with local channel operators in hope to build OTT video platform; this strategy is to counter attack other competitors. However, Kbro maintains its current management and observes the market trend. This research suggests that platform operators should focus on whether network effects can expand its ecosystem. Is content the only priority? Internet has made contents easy to acquire but difficult to profit. Therefore, price support should combine with advertisements. OTT video industry has yet to mature in Taiwan. Operators working by themselves without rich contents face challenges from other countries. The recommendation would be increasing the quality of contents and collaborating with other operators to expand the market.
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45

CHEN, LIANG-YU, and 陳亮妤. "The Business Model of “Shoppable Video” Development on Taiwan OTT Video Platform-Analysis by S-C-P Theory." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2xrt99.

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Abstract:
碩士
國立臺灣藝術大學
廣播電視學系碩士班廣播電視組
107
While the usage of Internet and mobile device is increasing, people watch videos on the Internet more than the television. At the same time, the online shopping business also increased. To stand out in the competitive market, businessman develop a new business model, the “Shoppable Video” which means the video content combined with the electronic commerce. When the audience watched the video content, they could buy any products which appeared in the film. The purpose of this study is to analysis the performance of the “Shoppable Video” on Taiwan OTT video platforms based on the study of industry economics. First of all, understand the development of electronic commerce and OTT video platform. In addition, the researcher would identify if this business model is applicable in Taiwan by participation, observation and in-depth interviews in this business. The results showed that, the businessman are highly interested in the new “Video Commerce” business model. There are five questions block the development “Shoppable Video” on Taiwan OTT video platforms: the complexity of the previous process, product cannot be properly integrated into the content, long electrical business process, not stable source of profit, and viewing experience may be disturb by the new form of video. To solve the above problem, the government and industry should cooperate with each other, and reduce the commercial control, which would build a high-quality video commerce production process.
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46

Lin, Yu-Hao, and 林昱豪. "The research on the transaction model between OTT video platform and content provider." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3u2rrm.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
工業工程學研究所
106
The thesis is about the research of the transaction model between content providers and OTT video platforms. To figure out which model works best for content providers and OTT video platforms, we examine how multi-sided platforms model and merchant model is applied in OTT platform’s transaction with content provider and network effect’s influence in their negotiation mechanism and the role that revenue sharing contact play in coordinating content provider and platform’s benefit. In Chapter 1, we brief the reader the background of this thesis, illustrating the motivation and purpose of the research to give the reader an overview of what this thesis is all about. In Chapter 2, through literature review, we interpret the meaning of the current transaction model between content provider and platform via the concept of revenue sharing contract. In Chapter 3, we examine the current transaction model and its implication. Through the above model structure, in Chapter 4, we do the case study on one content provider and gather the insight from industry peer through in depth interview to figure out the possible solution to the industry’s challenge. In Chapter 5, we conclude the study, give our advice to content provider and platform and define the possible future research scope.
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47

HUANG, YA-CHU, and 黃雅筑. "Study on Copyright Issues of OTT Video Services: Focusing on Copyright Licensing Agreements." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/du2jxp.

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Abstract:
碩士
東吳大學
法律學系
107
Based on the copyright issues involved in the content of the OTT(" Over-the-Top” ) video services, this study found that the value chain of the OTT video services industry, including " device provides "," internet service provider ", " platform operators "and " content providers " has a general situation of cross operating the OTT video services platform. They will take the original management resources and advantages to adopt the copyright infringement measures, such as the effective content recognition technologies, "Infringing Website List "(IWL) and infringing set-top box seller list, has an implementation effect. In particular, the government has adopted an "Industrial self-regulation Perspective" attitude towards internet governance. Based on the applicability of "Freedom of Contract", there is a space for the conclusion of copyright licensing agreements. The" copyright licensing agreements of OTT video services" is the research axis, and relevant recommendations are proposed and should be noted. This study was found that by signing the OTT video service licensing agreements, the mutual resource cooperation effect between the operators can be achieved, which will reduce the piracy infringement problems and help the enterprise risk management. This study explores the imposition of contractual restrictions on market competition, the copyright licensing agreements of OTT video services can subject to the competition law and be in line with international standards. With the development trend of the digital convergence, this study proposes to conduct a comprehensive review of the copyright law, and the current copyright law is ambiguous about the definition of "public transmission", there should be a need for amendments. Therefore, the suggestions for amendments and recommendations are proposed.
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48

DU, QIAN-YU, and 杜千煜. "A Study on Quality-of-Experience Index for OTT Video Service and Its Applications." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/s964n6.

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Abstract:
碩士
國立高雄第一科技大學
電腦與通訊工程系碩士班
106
The emerging over-the-top (OTT) video service has become the most popular and bandwidth-consuming Internet application. For this kind of service, adaptive HTTP video streaming is widely deployed along with the content delivery network (CDN) for delivering multimedia resources to customers. Conventional measurement of network performance (such as throughput, delay and jitter, etc.) fails to give a judgement of the user experience which is also affected by the video quality, player behavior and the display size. There are needs of quality measurement, especially the quality of experience (QoE), for service providers, network operators and even customers to evaluate and improve the system performance as well as the user satisfaction. To investigate QoE measurement, an objective QoE model, the video mean opinion score (vMOS), consisting of application-level performance metrics (APMs) is presented in this paper. In this model, the video resolution, display size, initial buffering time and stalling events are taken into account with individual weightings to make a quantitative measure (between 1 to 5) of the user experience. Subjective experiments are performed to estimate the optimum weightings for each APM. The proposed vMOS is then used to implement an App on the Android platform as an evaluation tool. Some experiments are performed using the developed App for evaluating the QoE of watching YouTube clips, and we observe that the vMOS reports similar results comparing to subjective test evaluated by human observers in most of the cases. Therefore, the proposed vMOS and the associated App can be adopted to automatically assess the QoE of OTT video service, replacing the expensive and time-consuming subjective tests.
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49

Ke-HueiChan and 詹克暉. "Regulation ＆ Change in Business Model of OTT Video Service’s -The Case Study of Letv Com ＆ iQiyi." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2av3kk.

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Abstract:
碩士
國立成功大學
電信管理研究所
105
Over-the- top (OTT) video services are delivered via the Internet to terminal users, and due to their nature, they will face numerous legal challenges in the future.OTT video services are subject to different levels of regulation, depending on the country. China has a strict regulation environment and is set to become the second largest region of OTT TV and video revenues in the world. Letv and iQiyi have the largest number of subscribers and are the top two enterprises in the Chinese OTT video market. This study selected Letv and iQiyi as the subjects for its case study, and focused on the relationship between regulations and the evolution of their business models. The findings from this study are as follows: 1.The Chinese government announced the management of Internet Audioi-Visual on December 20, 2007. It assuared legitimate copyrights, established licensing systems and basic rules of audio and video content. However, only local enterprises are able to having license. 2.The Chinese government announced further guideline for the management of foreign video content on September 2, 2014, which restricted the purchase amount of foreign video content according to limited proportion between foreign and homemade local video content. The guideline emphasized protection of local content, which resulted in significant investment in producing local drama from Chinese OTT enterprises. 3.Letv’s business model changed to an ecosystem of business models that integrated with its services. iQiyi’s business model remains its focus on video content.
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50

CHANG, CHIA-HUA, and 張家華. "The Competitive Strategies of OTT Video Service from Telecommunication Operators: A Case Study of Taiwan Mobile myVideo." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/y5ajcy.

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Abstract:
碩士
國立中正大學
傳播學系電訊傳播研究所
105
The emergence of the Internet has changed people's viewing habits. The way that audiences watch TV programs has been gradually shifted from “television” to “Internet”. Several media have devoted to the development of OTT video services. The OTT video services war can be seen in Taiwan. The relevant information showed that myVideo which is from Taiwan Mobile has profited. It is worthy to study how operators can manage and profit from OTT video services industry. Therefore, this study aims to research the competitive strategies of OTT video services from Taiwan telecommunication operator and takes Taiwan Mobile as a case study. This study used three theories to analyze the OTT competitive strategies from Taiwan Mobile. First, this study analyzed the environment of OTT video industry with five forces analysis. Second, this study discussed the business strategy of OTT video industry with Porter’s generic competitive strategies. Third, this study clarified the corporate-level strategy from Taiwan Mobile with diversification strategy. The research methods were “secondary data analysis” and “depth interview”. In terms of the analysis of OTT video environmrnt, this study found that myVideo is confronted with two major threats of “rivalry among existing competitors” and “suppliers” in OTT video industry. In terms of the competitive strategies, Taiwan Mobile chose diversification strategy as its corporate-level strategy to establish OTT video service. The competitive advantage of Taiwan Mobile are its Internet users. As a result, Taiwan Mobile chose “differentiation focus” as its competitive strategy. Moreover, its conglomerate is also developing the vertical integration of film and television industry in order to increase the variation of video content and make users agree with the brand of Taiwan Mobile. Key words: telecommunication operators, OTT video service, Taiwan Mobile, myVideo, competitive strategy
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