Journal articles: 'Vietnamese Novel'

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Nhan, Tran Thi Mai. "Vietnam contemporary novels and “the Calls of Art”." Science & Technology Development Journal - Social Sciences & Humanities 1, no. 4 (December 27, 2018): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjssh.v1i4.464.

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Since the 1960s, people in the world have talked about “the death” of novels and tried to find solutions to “revive” them. However, according to M. Kundera – a writer and the author of “The Art of the Novel”, if the novel goes to “the end”, it’s not necessarily that it has fully developed its abilities, knowledge, forms, but because it has missed the opportunities to hear “sensitive calls” – the calls of game, the calls of dream, the callS of thoughts and the call of time, which reminds us of interesting thinkings about the contemporary Vietnamese novels. After 1986, Vietnamese novels have made breakthroughs and had a rich harvest of novels, but the development path of the Vietnamese novels still experiences ups and downs. In this paper, we aim to learn which “calls of the art” Vietnamese novels have heard, and which calls are vague echoes. Thereby, we also hope writers will listen and come closer to those sensitive calls of novels so that Vietnamese literature would have pinnacle novels, shortening the distance from the world’s literature.

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Phuong Phuong, Tran Thi. "Vietnamese Writer Hồ Biểu Chánh and His Adaptation of Dostoevsky's «Crime and Punishment»." South East Asia: Actual problems of Development, no. 2(51) (2021): 284–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2072-8271-2021-2-2-51-284-296.

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Hồ Biểu Chánh (1884–1958) was a novelist, playwright, translator, scholar, who was considered as one of pioneers of modern Vietnamese novel. In his literary legacy there were many novels adapted from foreign literature, and «A Despondent Man» (Người thất chí) published in 1938 was among them. The plot of this novel was borrowed from Dostoevsky's «Crime and Punishment». This article gives some comparisons between «A Despondent Man» and «Crime and Punishment» to show how the Vietnamese writer perceived Dostoevsky's socio-psychological and socio-philosophical novel and based on its plot to create his own work in Vietnamese language.

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Nguyen, Nathalie Huynh Chau. "Vietnamese Voices: Gender and Cultural Identity in the Vietnamese Francophone Novel." Journal of Vietnamese Studies 1, no. 1-2 (February 1, 2006): 501–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/vs.2006.1.1-2.501.

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Bacholle-Bošković, Michèle. "Vietnamese Voices: Gender and Cultural Identity in the Vietnamese Francophone Novel." French Studies 59, no. 3 (July 1, 2005): 431–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/kni197.

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Tam, Hao Jun. "Diasporic South Vietnam." Journal of Vietnamese Studies 15, no. 2 (2020): 40–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/vs.2020.15.2.40.

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As Vietnam was caught in wartime narrative austerity from the 1950s to the 1970s, followed by the communist state’s intolerance of dissent, Vietnamese writers in the French and American diaspora have offered literary texts that challenge both Vietnamese discursive stricture and dominant perspectives in France and the United States. This essay studies two novel sequences from the diasporic Vietnamese literary archive: Vietnamese French author Ly Thu Ho’s trilogy and Vietnamese American writer Lan Cao’s pair of historical novels. Taking a historicist approach, the essay reveals complex nationalist expressions, aspirations, challenges, and desires in Ly Thu Ho’s and Lan Cao’s works of fiction.

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Schafer, John C., and Thế Uyên. "The Novel Emerges in Cochinchina." Journal of Asian Studies 52, no. 4 (November 1993): 854–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2059342.

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Until Recently, Vietnamese Scholars agreed that the modern Vietnamese novel emerged in the North and that the first instances of the genre were Hoàng Ngọc Phách'sTố Tâm(Pure heart) and Nguyển Trọng Thuật'sQủa dủa đỏ(The red melon), both published in 1925. Now it is becoming generally accepted that the Vietnamese novel developed first in the South—in the French colony of Cochinchina, a region that stretched from the modern towns of Biên Hóa and Phan Thiết to Cà Mau, the southern tip of Vietnam. Trần Chánh Chiếu publishedHoàng Tố Anh hàm oan(The unjust suffering of Hoàng Tố Anh) in 1910, the same year that another Southerner, Trủỏng Duy Toản (illustration 1), publishedPhan Yên ngoại s(An unofficial history of Phan Yên). Hồ Biểu Chánh (illustration 2), who was to become the most prolific southern novelist, published his first novel,Ai làmc(Who can do it?), in 1912.

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Tran, Ben. "Ferdinand Oyono in Vietnamese: Translation after Socialism and Colonialism." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 128, no. 1 (January 2013): 163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2013.128.1.163.

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Of the fourteen translations of Ferdinand Oyono's une vie de boy published to date, the Vietnamese translation, Đới Làm bồi, dates last, despite Vietnam and Cameroon's shared past under French colonialism. Nguyễn Như đat, the novel's Vietnamese translator, had anticipated that his version, published in 1997, would not find much of a market. The translator's pessimism was warranted, since the Vietnam of the late 1990s drastically differed from the two Vietnams of 1956, when Oyono's novel was originally published. Partitioned after the 1954 Geneva Accords and fighting against each other in the Second Indochina War, the Democratic Republic of Vietnam in the north and the Republic of Vietnam in the south were unified at the war's end, in 1975, under a socialist government. But since 1986 Vietnam has been engaged in the capitalist world market, albeit under the banner of socialism. Given this context of market socialism, the Vietnamese translation of Oyono's anticolonial novel seems to have lagged temporally: it was published at a time when literary translations in Vietnam began trending away from anticolonialism and toward, for example, Raymond Carver's minimalism, Haruki Murakami's surreal handling of alienation, and, more recently, Vladimir Nabokov's perversely defamiliarizing style.

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Muralova, Ekaterina O. "Vietnamese religious syncretism as reflected in the novel “Ho Quy Ly” by Nguyen Xuan Khanh." Russian Journal of Vietnamese Studies 6, no. 2 (July 12, 2022): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.54631/vs.2022.62-106357.

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The article discusses the problem of syncretism of different religious doctrines as shown in the novel Ho Quy Ly by modern Vietnamese writer Nguyen Xuan Khanh. The novel has not been sufficiently investigated yet in either domestic or foreign literary criticism. The work focuses on the religious problems, viz. on Vietnamese religious syncretism, as reflected in the novel. The author has used works by leading Russian Sinologists and Vietnamists for theoretical ground. Methodology comprises historical and cultural as well as comparative approaches. The article analyses the interaction of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism in the novel. The conclusions state the connection of spiritual crisis and political decline of the Vietnamese monarchy in the late 14th century.

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Shu, Yuan. "Rereading Empire, Rethinking History: Rehabilitation of the Vietcong in Lan Cao’s Monkey Bridge." Southeast Asian Review of English 58, no. 2 (December 15, 2021): 78–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/sare.vol58no2.6.

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Throughits reading of Lan Cao’s Monkey Bridge, credited as the first Vietnamese American novel, this article seeksto investigate the discourse of reconciliation or refugee settlement in the context of the changing US master narratives from Empire to Cold War 2.0. Itarguesthat Cao’s novel in its effort to register a South Vietnamese perspective reorients modern Vietnamese experiences in relation to the US sense of democracy and freedom and in the process challenges what Donald Pease calls the state fantasy of American exceptionalism in the US military intervention in Vietnam. What Cao’s novel achieves is to blur the boundary between nationalism and communism in its representation of the Vietnamese struggle for independence in its early stage and to humanize and rehabilitate the Vietcong soldier as a possibly assimilable “us” rather than as simply “them” in the realm of the other.

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Do, Thi Cam Van. "Inter-genres in contemporary Vietnamese historical novels." Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam 63, no. 4 (April 30, 2021): 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31276/vjst.63(4).56-59.

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In the development process and social movements, the literary genres do not exist independently but have interaction with each other. Novels are capable of performing genres interaction because “the novel allows to put into it many different genres, including artistic genres (short stories, lyric poems, epics, speech plays...) and non-artistic genres (literature in daily life, rhetoric, science, religion...)”[1]. Novels with traditional writing style about contemporary Vietnamese history (prominent writers such as Nguyen Xuan Khanh, Vo Thi Hao, Nguyen Mong Giac...), the interaction among literary genres is considered as the most common form. Typical forms of genre interaction in novels with historical themes are the interaction between short stories and novels, poetry and novels... Genre interaction expresses the writer’s sense of creativity and experience in the innovation requirement of literary life practice.

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Thị Hoan, Nguyễn, and Galina G. Yermilova. "Rodion Raskolnikov's dreams in Vietnamese translation." Vestnik of Kostroma State University, no. 4 (2019): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2019-25-4-151-155.

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Rodion Raskolnikov's dreams in Vietnamese translation The article analyses the Vietnamese translations of excerpts about the dreams of Rodion Raskolnikov, the protagonist of the novel "Crime and Punishment" by Fyodor Dostoevsky. It is these dreams that are narrated with high semantic richness as they explain the reason why the hero was driven to commit the felony. Three available Vietnamese translations of the novel have been included for analysis. As a result of the preliminary solid text selection and the followed analysis of the original and translated texts, we came to the conclusion that the translators experienced the greatest challenges in conveying the realia of the mid 19th-century Russian people’s religious and everyday life as well as the ontological issues in the novel. Some specific clarifications are suggested for unclear content in the available translations.

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Hoan, Nguyen Thi, and Galina G. Yermilova. "“EVANGELICAL TEXT” OF THE NOVEL “CRIME AND PUNISHMENT” IN VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION." Vestnik of Kostroma State University, no. 3 (2020): 148–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2020-26-3-148-152.

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The article for the first time explores the translation of the ‟evangelical text” of Fyodor Dostoevsky’s novel ‟Crime and Punishment” into Vietnamese. The ‟evangelical text” refers to the New Testament quotations, for the first time both in the writer’s work and in the Russian literature of the 19th century as a whole, widely used by Fyodor Dostoevsky. Threeauthoritative translations by Trương Định Cư (1972), Lý Quốc Sinh (1973), Cao Xuân Hạo (1982-1983) are involved. The translation of the Bible into Vietnamese used by translators and involved in the liturgical practice of the Vietnamese Orthodox Church, has been revealed. On the basis of a continuous text sample of the «evangelical text» three translations were compared with the original and reverse translations, followed by an analytical commentary. The subject of the article is a monologue of «drunken» Semyon Marmeladov in the tavern (p. 1, ch. 2), saturated with New Testament quotations, and an evangelical scene about raised Lazarus (p. 4, ch. 4). It is concluded that when translating the «evangelical text» of the novel, the Vietnamese translators experienced serious difficulties due to ignorance of Russian Orthodoxy, which is still perceived in Vietnam to this day as a kind of exotic. Some specific refinements to existing translations are proposed.

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Naito, Hideo, Khin Maung Win, and Kenji Abe. "Identification of a Novel Genotype of Hepatitis G Virus in Southeast Asia." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 37, no. 4 (1999): 1217–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.37.4.1217-1220.1999.

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Hepatitis G virus (HGV) isolates obtained from 20 Myanmarese and 10 Vietnamese subjects were analyzed. A cluster of isolates not belonging to any known genotype of HGV was found in five Myanmarese subjects and three Vietnamese subjects by phylogenetic analysis, and we classified this new genotype as type 4. These results revealed that the HGV genome can be classified into at least four major genotypes.

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Tien, Nhat, and Xuan Phong. "The khaki coat: A short story from Vietnam." Index on Censorship 17, no. 6 (June 1988): 15–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03064228808534470.

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Nhat Tien, now in his early fifties and one of the best-known Vietnamese writers, lived in South Vietnam until a few years after the Communist take-over in 1975. He has published 16 books (14 novels and two collections of short stories) and received the Vietnamese National Literary Award in 1961 for his novel Them Hoang (‘The abandoned veranda’) in 1961. He was vice-president of the Vietnamese PEN club, director of the Huyen Tran Publishing Co, and editor of the weekly Thieu Nhi In the late 1970s he left Vietnam as a ‘boat person’ and he is now living in the United States. The following short story is reprinted from the collection Tieng Ken (‘ Sound of a clarinet’), published in 1983 by Van Hoc, San Diego, California.

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Nguyen, Thi Hoan. "RODION RASKOLNIKOV’S IDEA IN VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION." Vestnik of Kostroma State University, no. 2 (2020): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2020-26-2-139-144.

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The article discusses the translation into Vietnamese of excerpts about the protagonist Rodion Raskolnikov’s idea in Fyodor Dostoevsky’s novel «Crime and Punishment». We used all available Vietnamese translations of Fyodor Dostoevsky’s novel, adapted of the original language. We have done a comparative analysis of translations of the verbal conceptualisation of Rodion Raskolnikov’s ideas and their reverse translations accompanied by their analysis. What is worth drawing attention to, are the depressing poverty of Raskolnikov, his social protest as the main motives which made the hero to pass to the terrible crime. There is weakened interest in the hero’s idea, in its hidden godless character of Raskolnikov’s ideas – the protagonist challenges not only the outrageous social injustice, but also the foundations of Orthodoxy, according to which the Law of moral goodness comes from God rather than from humans. It has been shown that Vietnamese translators, working on the translations of «Crime and Punishment», have experienced several diffi culties. The main one is their lack of understanding and knowledge of the realia from Russian people’s daily religious and cultural life in the mid-19th century. The realities of everyday life and spiritual Orthodoxy are often replaced by the realities of the Buddhist cult, which brings to the novel an unusual «oriental» religious fl avour. Some specifi c clarifi cations are suggested for unclear content in the available translations.

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Aas-Rouxparis, Nicole. "Vietnamese Voices: Gender and Cultural Identity in the Vietnamese Francophone Novel by Nathalie Huynh Chau Nguyen." Women in French Studies 13, no. 1 (2005): 136–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wfs.2005.0013.

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Нгуен, Тхи Хоан. "THE INFLUENCE OF F. M. DOSTOEVSKY’S NOVEL “CRIME AND PUNISHMENT” ON THE WORKS OF VIETNAMESE WRITERS." Bulletin of the Chuvash State Pedagogical University named after I Y Yakovlev, no. 3(112) (October 15, 2021): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37972/chgpu.2021.112.3.009.

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В статье впервые дано общее представление о влиянии «Преступления и наказания» Ф. М. Достоевского на творчество вьетнамских писателей на протяжении целого столетия. Автор обращает внимание, что роман «Преступление и наказание» занимает особое место в культурном пространстве Вьетнама, оказывая влияние на поэтику художественных произведений вьетнамских прозаиков, их мировоззренческие и эстетические ориентиры. В работе наглядно иллюстрируется процесс вхождения «Преступления и наказания» в культуру Вьетнама, который шел через творческую адаптацию романа. Автор отмечает, что сложные философские проблемы, которые поднимались в романе Ф. М. Достоевского, вызывали большой интерес у вьетнамских читателей, а у ряда вьетнамских писателей и стремление к подражанию. Исследование показало, что «Преступление и наказание» оказало заметное влияние не только на сюжет, идею художественных произведений, но и на языковой стиль многих известных вьетнамских романистов в ходе модернизации вьетнамской литературы. Интерес к роману великого русского писателя сохраняется сегодня на высоком уровне, что способствует развитию культурных связей между двумя народами. В статье делается вывод о незаменимой позиции романа «Преступление и наказание» в сердцах вьетнамских читателей. Научная новизна настоящего исследования определяется изучением творческой адаптации романа Ф. М. Достоевского в литературной практике вьетнамских художников слова на протяжении XX-XXI веков, а также обозначением различных линий в рецепции известного русского романа во Вьетнаме. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы на занятиях по истории русской и зарубежной литератур, будут интересны учителям-словесникам, а также всем увлеченным художественной литературой и культурой. The article for the first time gives a general idea of the influence of “Crime and Punishment” by F. M. Dostoevsky on the works of Vietnamese writers for a whole century. The author observes that the novel “Crime and Punishment” occupies a special place in the cultural space of Vietnam, influencing the poetics of the artistic works of Vietnamese prose writers, their ideological and aesthetic guidelines. The work clearly illustrates the process by which “Crime and Punishment” enters into the culture of Vietnam, which went through the creative adaptation of the novel. The author notes that the complex philosophical problems that were raised in the novel by F. M. Dostoevsky aroused great interest among Vietnamese readers, and a number of Vietnamese writers also had a desire to imitate. The study showed that “Crime and Punishment” had a noticeable impact not only on the plot, the idea of literary works, but also on the language style of many famous Vietnamese novelists during the modernization of Vietnamese literature. Interest in the novel of the great Russian writer remains today at a high level, which contributes to the development of cultural ties between the two peoples. The article concludes about the irreplaceable position of the novel “Crime and Punishment” in the hearts of Vietnamese readers. The scientific novelty of this study is determined by the study of the creative adaptation of the novel by F. M. Dostoevsky in the literary practice of Vietnamese authors during the 20th-21st centuries, as well as the designation of various lines in the reception of the famous Russian novel in Vietnam. The results of the research can be used in classes on the history of Russian and foreign literature, and will be of interest to teachers of literature as well as to all those who are interested in fiction and culture.

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Nguyen, Quang H., and Tuan-Dung Cao. "A Novel Method for Recognizing Vietnamese Voice Commands on Smartphones with Support Vector Machine and Convolutional Neural Networks." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2020 (March 1, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2312908.

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This paper will present a new method of identifying Vietnamese voice commands using Google speech recognition (GSR) service results. The problem is that the percentage of correct identifications of Vietnamese voice commands in the Google system is not high. We propose a supervised machine-learning approach to address cases in which Google incorrectly identifies voice commands. First, we build a voice command dataset that includes hypotheses of GSR for each corresponding voice command. Next, we propose a correction system using support vector machine (SVM) and convolutional neural network (CNN) models. The results show that the correction system reduces errors in recognizing Vietnamese voice commands from 35.06% to 7.08% using the SVM model and 5.15% using the CNN model.

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Khiem, Nguyen Minh, Yuki Takahashi, Hiroki Yasuma, Khuu Thi Phuong Dong, Tran Ngoc Hai, and Nobuo Kimura. "A novel machine learning approach to predict the export price of seafood products based on competitive information: The case of the export of Vietnamese shrimp to the US market." PLOS ONE 17, no. 9 (September 29, 2022): e0275290. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275290.

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Predicting the export price of shrimp is important for Vietnam’s fisheries. It not only promotes product quality but also helps policy makers determine strategies to develop the national shrimp industry. Competition in global markets is considered to be an important factor, one that significantly influences price. In this study, we predicted trends in the export price of Vietnamese shrimp based on competitive information from six leading exporters (China, India, Indonesia, Thailand, Ecuador, and Chile) who, alongside Vietnam, also export shrimp to the US. The prediction was based on a dataset collected from the US Department of Agriculture (USDA), the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and the World Trade Organization (WTO) (May-1995 to May-2019) that included price, required farming certificates, and disease outbreak data. A super learner technique, which combined 10 single algorithms, was used to make predictions in selected base periods (3, 6, 9, and 12 months). It was found that the super learner obtained results in all base periods that were more accurate and stable than any candidate algorithms. The impacts of variables in the predictive model were interpreted by a SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis to determine their influence on the price of Vietnamese exports. The price of Indian, Thai, and Chinese exports highlighted the advantages of being a World Trade Organization member and the disadvantages of the prevalence of shrimp disease in Vietnam, which has had a significant impact on the Vietnamese shrimp export price.

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Duc Tung, Doan, Le Van Dai, and Le Cao Quyen. "Subsynchronous Resonance and FACTS-Novel Control Strategy for Its Mitigation." Journal of Engineering 2019 (July 14, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2163908.

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The subsynchronous resonance (SSR) is an important problem in the power system, and especially the series compensated transmission lines may cause SSR in the turbine generators, such that it leads to the electrical instability at subsynchronous frequencies and potential turbine-generator shaft failures. Taking the Vietnamese Vungang thermal plants as an example, a shaft failure of Vungang I thermal power unit has occurred on November 24, 2015, due to SSR. The main cause for this failure is a resonance caused by the series capacitors on the 500 kV grid. This paper analyzes the SSR based on the location of shaft cracks and turbine generator mode shape for Vungang I and II thermal power plants. On the basis of that, it develops a novel control strategy for each Flexible AC Transmission system (FACTS) device as the thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC), static VAR compensator (SVC), and static synchronous compensator (STATCOM). Then they are comparable to one another in order to choose a feasible solution for mitigating the SSR. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is verified via time domain simulation of the Vietnamese 500/220 kV transmission system using EMTP-RV and PSS/E programs. The obtained results show that the proposed strategy for SVC can be applied to immediately solve the difficulties encountering in the Vietnamese power system.

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Dao, Anh Thang. "Living Without Quê." Journal of Vietnamese Studies 7, no. 3 (2012): 55–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/vs.2012.7.3.55.

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In existing scholarship, the formation of the Vietnamese Diaspora is often described as a result of the Second Indochina War. In this essay I examine other national and international historical events, such as the Vietnamese government's persecution of ethnic Chinese, the Cold War and French colonization of Vietnam, that contributed to the internal multiplicity and diversity of the Vietnamese Diaspora. Reading Thuận's novel Chinatown within the theoretical framework of freedom, I argue that a centuries-long history of political negotiation between Vietnam and international actors such as China and France has resulted in the oppression, internal exile and displacement of not only Vietnamese people, but also ethnic Chinese. Through an analysis of the relationship between the Vietnamese narrator and her ethnic Chinese husband, I reflect on the difficulties and potential of diasporic subjects to imagine a different kind of freedom that can challenge the different power dynamics regulating their life in both Vietnam and in the diaspora.

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Mỹ, Nguyễn Thị Thẩm. "NHÂN VẬT NGUYỄN DU TỪ THƠ ĐẾN TIỂU THUYẾT." Dalat University Journal of Science 11, no. 2 (April 25, 2021): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.37569/dalatuniversity.11.2.805(2021).

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On the basis of learning and analyzing Chinese poems by Nguyen Du and the novel about this great poet by Nguyen The Quang, the author of this article ventures to clarify the similarities and differences of the character Nguyen Du between poetry and the aforementioned novel. Such differences can shed light on the innovations, creativity, and contributions of Nguyen The Quang in the process of establishing the historical character of Nguyen Du and the dynamics of modern Vietnamese novels, especially in the subcategory of historical novels.

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Pham, Tuan. "Source Separation using Sparse NMF and Graph Regularization on Vietnamese Dataset." Journal of Science and Technology: Issue on Information and Communications Technology 18, no. 12.2 (December 29, 2020): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31130/ict-ud.2020.98.

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Source separation is popular problem in which English datasets is used by default. Besides, source separation or speech enhancement is an important pre-processing step for following processes e.g. automatic speech recognition, automatic answering machine or hearing ads…However, experiments of source separation on Vietnamese dataset is quite modest as well as lack of Vietnamese standard datasets for source separation. To deal these issues, we build a Vietnamese dataset for source separation by collecting utterances of broadcasters from VTV’s official website. Moreover, a novel method was proposed by using sparse non-negative matrix factorization and graph regularization. Experiments showed that the proposed method is outperformed baseline.

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Nguyen, Ly Cong. "HISTORICAL NOVELS OF PHAM MINH KIEN." Science and Technology Development Journal 15, no. 4 (December 30, 2012): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v15i4.1829.

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Based on the introduction of Pham Minh Kien’s literary career, together with the analysis of his novels, this paper affirms that Pham Minh Kien is a historical novel writer, and that he has made significant contributions to the Southern literature in particular and to Vietnamese literature in general at the first half of the twentieth century.

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Mandel, Norma H. "The Use of a Novel to Discuss Vietnamese Refugee Experiences." English Journal 77, no. 5 (September 1988): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/818970.

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Nguyên, Dính-Hoá, and Jack A. Yeager. "The Vietnamese Novel in French: A Literary Response to Colonialism." World Literature Today 62, no. 2 (1988): 338. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40143770.

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O'Harrow, Stephen, and Jack A. Yeager. "The Vietnamese Novel in French: A Literary Response to Colonialism." Pacific Affairs 61, no. 4 (1988): 708. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2760566.

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Magierowska, Magdalena, Virginia Lepage, Truong Xuan Lien, Nguyen Thi Hoang Lan, Michel Guillotel, Hassan Issafras, Jean-Marc Reynes, et al. "Novel variant of the CCR5 gene in a Vietnamese population." Microbes and Infection 1, no. 2 (February 1999): 123–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1286-4579(99)80002-1.

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Erysheva, Anna Yur'evna, and Irina Nikolaevna Tokarchuk. "Semantic and Functional Potential of the Particle ALREADY and its Reflection in Translation into Vietnamese (Based on the Material of the Novel by M. A. Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita")." Litera, no. 9 (September 2022): 98–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2022.9.38708.

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The article discusses typical semantic and pragmatic implementations of the particle "already" and the means of the Vietnamese language used in practice to convey the corresponding meanings. The relevance of the research is determined by its involvement in the problems of translating Russian particles as communicative and pragmatic signs into foreign languages. The object of the study is the particle "already". The subject of the research is syntagmatic, semantic and pragmatic features of this lexeme, as well as ways and means of translating statements from "already" into Vietnamese. The research material was M. A. Bulgakov's novel "The Master and Margarita" and the text of its translation into Vietnamese. The purpose of the work is to establish the range of types of use of the particle "already" presented in the text of the work under consideration, as well as to determine the features of ways to translate statements with this particle into Vietnamese. The paper uses a descriptive method, as well as elements of comparative and quantitative analysis. The novelty of the study is determined by the fact that for the first time the question of the functioning of the particle "already" and its Vietnamese analogues is considered on the material of the named novel by M. A. Bulgakov. It is established that when translating statements with the particle "already", a number of relevant Vietnamese words and service combinations are used, of which the most popular means of direct translation is đã, with non-predicative components, transmitting an assessment according to the parameters ‘much’, ‘little’, ‘long’, ‘late’, and with predicative components, the values are ‘change in the situation’, ‘expectation’ and ‘earlier than expected'. It is shown that the specifics of the semantic and functional capabilities of the Russian "already" and the service units of the Vietnamese language do not always allow for an adequate translation, and therefore they cannot be considered completely equivalent. The results of the study can be taken into account both in the study of other Russian particles, including in the comparative aspect, and in lexicographic practice.

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Nguyen, Xuan My. "Strategies for Translating English Passive Sentences into Vietnamese." International Journal of TESOL & Education 2, no. 1 (December 20, 2021): 81–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.54855/ijte22216.

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This study examines some most common strategies for the Vietnamese translation of English passive voice such as “The use of markers ‘được’/‘bị’”, “Change to active”, “Paraphrasing” in order to find out the frequency and the rules for the use of those strategies by collecting and analyzing the data from the English and Vietnamese versions of a novel named “Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone” and a book named “A Brief History of Time”. And the findings of this study disapproves the view that Vietnamese active sentences are the dominant choice for translating English passive voice since its results indicate that English It-clefts or English agentless passive sentences where the agent of the action is unclear or concerned with generalization rather than specific individuals have a high tendency of being translated into active structures in Vietnamese while using a marker like 'được' or 'bị' and subject-less active sentences are the primary ways for translating other kinds of English agentless passive sentences into Vietnamese. Besides, the results of the research also indicate that the use of markers 'được'/'bị' is frequently applied to translate agent-included passives, but the position of the agent in Vietnamese sentences varies according to its features.

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Kang, Jung-Mi, Hương Giang Lê, Tuấn Cường Võ, Haung Naw, Won Gi Yoo, Woon-Mok Sohn, Nguyen Thi Minh Trinh, Huynh-Hong Quang, and Byoung-Kuk Na. "Genetic Polymorphism and Natural Selection of Apical Membrane Antigen-1 in Plasmodium falciparum Isolates from Vietnam." Genes 12, no. 12 (November 27, 2021): 1903. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12121903.

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Apical membrane antigen-1 of Plasmodium falciparum (PfAMA-1) is a leading malaria vaccine candidate antigen. However, the genetic diversity of pfama-1 and associated antigenic variation in global P. falciparum field isolates are major hurdles to the design of an efficacious vaccine formulated with this antigen. Here, we analyzed the genetic structure and the natural selection of pfama-1 in the P. falciparum population of Vietnam. A total of 37 distinct haplotypes were found in 131 P. falciparum Vietnamese isolates. Most amino acid changes detected in Vietnamese pfama-1 were localized in the ectodomain, domains I, II, and III. Overall patterns of major amino acid changes in Vietnamese pfama-1 were similar to those of global pfama-1, but the frequencies of the amino acid changes slightly differed by country. Novel amino acid changes were also identified in Vietnamese pfama-1. Vietnamese pfama-1 revealed relatively lower genetic diversity than currently analyzed pfama-1 in other geographical regions, and suggested a distinct genetic differentiation pattern. Evidence for natural selection was detected in Vietnamese pfama-1, but it showed purifying selection unlike the global pfama-1 analyzed so far. Recombination events were also found in Vietnamese pfama-1. Major amino acid changes that were commonly identified in global pfama-1 were mainly localized to predicted B-cell epitopes, RBC-binding sites, and IUR regions. These results provide important information for understanding the genetic nature of the Vietnamese pfama-1 population, and have significant implications for the design of a vaccine based on PfAMA-1.

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Want, Kaori Mori. "Uprooted from Home: Analyzing Vietnamese Amerasian Diaspora in the Unwanted." Studies in Linguistics and Literature 2, no. 1 (February 24, 2018): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/sll.v2n1p14.

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After the Vietnam War, approximately 100,000 mixed race children between Vietnamese women and American soldiers, who are called Amerasian, were born. The Vietnamese Communists fought against the US, and Amerasians who were part Americans became the enemy of the Vietnamese. Amerasians were raised fatherless in patriarchal society where the presence of the father was essential to one’s social status. They were taunted by their lack of the father. Vietnamese women who had children with Americans were regarded as prostitutes, and Amerasians were looked down by the Vietnamese as the children of prostitute. Many reasons combined, Amerasians were mistreated in post-Vietnam War society, and humiliated as “bui doi,” the dust of life. This paper will explore Vietnamese Amerasians’ experiences of war, loss of home and father, diaspora, and trauma by reading Kien Nguyen’s autobiography. The home functions in the novel as the symbol of the family’s destiny. Nguyen’s trauma of postwar experiences was augmented every time he was uprooted from his home. By tracing the changes of Nguyen’s home, we will understand the transition of his life. The US was his last home after the diaspora from Vietnam, and I will examine if the US really healed his trauma of the war.

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Nguyen Trong, Thuan, Hai Le Truong Ngoc, Truong Nguyen Nhat, Thinh Le Viet, Khanh Duong Thanh Bao, Quyen Tran Thi My, Vu Bui Long, Hop Nguyen Van, Nguyen Vo Duy, and Khang Nguyen Tan Tran Minh. "An empirical evaluation of feature extraction for Vietnamese fruit classification." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 60, no. 5 (November 1, 2022): 837–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/16299.

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In recent years, Vietnamese fruit production has marked significant progress in terms of scale and product structure. Viet Nam enjoys suitable climates for tropic, subtropical fruits, and some temperate fruits. Thanks to the diversified ecology, implementing an automatic classification system has received a significant concern. In this paper, we address the problem of Vietnamese fruit classification. However, the first requirement to explore this problem is the qualified dataset. To this end, we first introduced the UIT-VinaFruit20 dataset, a novel Vietnamese fruit image dataset that includes 63,541 images from 20 types of fruits from three regions of Viet Nam. The diversity in different fruits in distinct areas poses many new challenges. In addition, we further leverage the feature extraction from hand-crafted and deep learning features along with the SVM classification model to effectively classify Vietnamese fruits. The extensive experiments conducted on the UIT-VinaFruit20dataset provide a comprehensive evaluation and insightful analysis. An encouraging empirical success was obtained as the EfficientNetB0 feature achieved the best results of 85.465 % and 86.919 % in terms of Accuracy and Macro F1-score, respectively

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Dong, Pham Ngoc, Le Xuan Cung, Tran Khanh Sam, Do Thi Thuy Hang, Doug D. Chung, Turad A. Alkadi, Arjun Buckshey, Junwei Zhang, Alexa Kassels, and Anthony J. Aldave. "Identification of a Novel Missense KRT12 Mutation in a Vietnamese Family with Meesmann Corneal Dystrophy." Case Reports in Ophthalmology 11, no. 1 (March 17, 2020): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000506435.

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Meesmann epithelial corneal dystrophy (MECD) is a rare dominantly inherited disorder that is characterized by corneal epithelial microcysts and is associated with mutations in the keratin 3 (KRT3) and keratin 12 (KRT12) genes. In this study, we report a novel mutation in the KRT12 gene in a Vietnamese pedigree with MECD. Slit-lamp examination was performed on each of the 7 recruited members of a Vietnamese family to identify characteristic features of MECD. After informed consent was obtained from each individual, genomic DNA was isolated from saliva samples and screening of KRT3and KRT12 genes was performed by Sanger sequencing. The proband, a 31-year-old man, complained of a 1-year history of eye irritation and photophobia. Slit-lamp examination revealed intraepithelial microcysts involving only the corneal periphery in each eye with clear central corneas and no stromal or endothelial involvement. Three family members demonstrated similar intraepithelial microcysts, but with diffuse involvement, extended from limbus to limbus. Sanger sequencing of KRT3 (exon 7) and KRT12 (exons 1 and 6) in the proband revealed a novel heterozygous KRT12 variant (c.1273G>A [p.Glu425Lys]) that was present in the three affected family members but was absent in the three family members with clear corneas. This study is the first report of a Vietnamese family affected with MECD, associated with an atypical peripheral corneal epithelial phenotype in the proband and a novel mutation in KRT12.

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Nguyen, Kim Cuc Thi, Phu Van Nguyen, and Hai Thi Hong Truong. "Heavy Metal Tolerance of Novel Papiliotrema Yeast Isolated from Vietnamese Mangosteen." Mycobiology 48, no. 4 (June 2, 2020): 296–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/12298093.2020.1767020.

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Nakamura, M., Y. Tohya, T. Miyazawa, M. Mochizuki, H. T. T. Phung, N. H. Nguyen, L. M. T. Huynh, et al. "A novel antigenic variant of Canine parvovirus from a Vietnamese dog." Archives of Virology 149, no. 11 (July 15, 2004): 2261–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-004-0367-y.

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Kim, Yong Kwan, Seong-In Lim, Ji-Ae Lim, In-Soo Cho, Eun-Hye Park, Van Phan Le, Nguyen Ba Hien, et al. "A novel strain of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in Vietnamese pigs." Archives of Virology 160, no. 6 (April 12, 2015): 1573–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-015-2411-5.

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Chi, Dung V., Thinh H. Tran, Duc H. Nguyen, Long H. Luong, Phuong T. Le, Minh H. Ta, Huong T. T. Ngo, et al. "Novel variants of CYP21A2 in Vietnamese patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia." Molecular Genetics & Genomic Medicine 7, no. 5 (February 27, 2019): e623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mgg3.623.

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Tran Thi, Le Thanh. "Lao culture in the novel "Plains of jars" by Trinh Thanh Phong." SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF TAN TRAO UNIVERSITY 4, no. 10 (April 6, 2021): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.51453/2354-1431/2018/194.

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Trinh Thanh Phong is one of the typical writers of prose in Tuyen Quang. At the age of sixty five, he has not only contributed much good writing such as novels, poems and stories, for Tuyen Quang literature in particular and Vietnamese literature in general, but also has won awards abroad. “Land at Plains of Jars” is a novel which got Dong Duong Award in the Mekong River Literature Prizes. These were the friendship prizes among Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia awarded in Phnom Penh city in 2008. This paper addresses issues concerning the cachet of Laos culture (especially in friendship between Laos and Vietnam), base on the novel “Plains of Jars”..

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Nguyen, Nhan Thien, Ha Son Nguyen, Chi Minh Ho, and Duc Hong Vo. "The convergence of financial inclusion across provinces in Vietnam: A novel approach." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 26, 2021): e0256524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256524.

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Financial inclusion has generally been considered an effective mechanism to support economic growth and reduce Vietnam’s poverty for the last decade. While the importance of financial inclusion to economic growth or macroeconomic stability has been widely examined, it appears that the degree of financial inclusion across Vietnam has not attracted attention from academics and policymakers. In particular, a convergence of financial inclusion across provinces in Vietnam has never been examined. This paper is conducted to examine the static and dynamic distributions of financial inclusion across provinces in Vietnam. The latest three biennial surveys from 2014 to 2018 and a novel approach known as the dynamic kernel density function are used in this study. Our results indicate that Vietnam’s economic growth and development over the 2014–2018 period is relatively inclusive. The evidence also demonstrates that households provided with access to multiple sources of finance depend significantly on the provincial level of income. We also find that provinces located in the national key economic regions, including (i) the Northern region and (ii) the Southern region, appear to achieve a higher degree of financial inclusiveness. Our findings also confirm the catching-up from the financially disadvantaged provinces to financially advantaged provinces locating within the key economic regions. We argue that understanding the asymmetric effect of economic growth on financial inclusion will be helpful for the Vietnamese government in formulating and implementing economic policies promptly to secure the sustainable and inclusive goals of economic growth and development in the future.

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Nguyen, Thien, Huu Nguyen, and Phuoc Tran. "Mixed-Level Neural Machine Translation." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2020 (November 29, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8859452.

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Building the first Russian-Vietnamese neural machine translation system, we faced the problem of choosing a translation unit system on which source and target embeddings are based. Available homogeneous translation unit systems with the same translation unit on the source and target sides do not perfectly suit the investigated language pair. To solve the problem, in this paper, we propose a novel heterogeneous translation unit system, considering linguistic characteristics of the synthetic Russian language and the analytic Vietnamese language. Specifically, we decrease the embedding level on the source side by splitting token into subtokens and increase the embedding level on the target side by merging neighboring tokens into supertoken. The experiment results show that the proposed heterogeneous system improves over the existing best homogeneous Russian-Vietnamese translation system by 1.17 BLEU. Our approach could be applied to building translation bots for language pairs with different linguistic characteristics.

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Mai, Phuong-Thao, Dong-Truc Le, Tan-Trung Nguyen, Hoang-Linh Le Gia, Trung-Hieu Nguyen Le, Minh Le, and Duc-Minh Do. "Novel GDAP1 Mutation in a Vietnamese Family with Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease." BioMed Research International 2019 (April 24, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7132494.

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Background. Mutations of GDAP1 gene cause autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease and over 80 different mutations have been identified so far. This study analyzed the clinical and genetic characteristics of a Vietnamese CMT family that was affected by a novel GDAP1 mutation. Methods. We present three children of a family with progressive weakness, mild sensory loss, and absent tendon reflexes. Electrodiagnostic analyses displayed an axonal type of neuropathy in affected patients. Sequencing of GDAP1 gene was requested for all members of the family. Results. All affected individuals manifested identical clinical symptoms of motor and sensory impairments within the first three years of life, and nerve conduction study indicated the axonal degeneration. A homozygous GDAP1 variant (c.667_671dup) was found in the three affected children as recessive inheritance pattern. The mutation leads to a premature termination codon that shortens GDAP1 protein (p.Gln224Hisfs∗37). Further testing showed heterozygous c.667_671dup variant in the parents. Discussion. Our study expands the mutational spectrum of GDAP1-related CMT disease with the new and unreported GDAP1 variant. Alterations in GDAP1 gene should be evaluated as CMT causing variants in the Vietnamese population, predominantly axonal form of neuropathy in CMT disease.

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Bajić, Marijana Popović, Violeta Petrović, Vanja Opačić Galić, Vesna Danilović, Vukoman Jokanović, Branislav Prokić, Bogomir Bolka Prokić, and Slavoljub Živković. "Direct pulp capping with novel nanostructural materials based on calcium silicate systems and hydroxyapatite." Stomatoloski glasnik Srbije 63, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sdj-2016-0019.

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Summary Introduction Direct pulp capping is an important therapeutic method that has goal to provide formation of dentin bridge and healing process of the pulp. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of new nanostructural materials based on calcium silicate systems and hydroxyapatite on exposed dental pulp in Vietnamese pigs. Material and Methods The study was conducted on 30 teeth of two Vietnamese pigs (Sus scrofa verus). On buccal surfaces of incisors, canines and first premolars, class V cavities were prepared with a small round bur and pulp horn was exposed. In the first experimental group (10 teeth) the perforation was covered with new nanostructural material based on calcium silicate systems (CS). In the second experimental group, the perforation was covered with compound of calcium silicate systems and hydroxyapatite (HA-CS) (10 teeth). In the control group, exposed pulp was covered with Pro Root MTA® (Dentsply Tulsa Dental, Johnson City, TN, USA) (10 teeth). All cavities were restored with glass ionomer cement (GC Fuji VIII, GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). Observation period was 28 days. After sacrificing the animals, histological preparations were done to analyze the presence of dentin bridge, inflammatory reaction of the pulp, pulp tissue reorganization and the presence of bacteria. Results Dentin bridge was observed in all teeth (experimental and control groups). Inflammation of the pulp was mild to moderate in all groups. Neoangiogenesis and many odontoblast like cells responsible for dentin bridge formation were detected. Necrosis was not observed in any case, neither the presence of Gram-positive bacteria in the pulp. Conclusion Histological analysis indicated favorable therapeutic effects of new nanostructural materials based on calcium silicate systems and hydroxyapatite for direct pulp capping in teeth of Vietnamese pigs.

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Moore, David Chioni. "Ferdinand Oyono's Une vie de boy on the World Literary Stage." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 128, no. 1 (January 2013): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2013.128.1.101.

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Some of you know that my grandfather was a cook for the British in Kenya, and though he was a respected elder in his village, his employers called him “boy” for much of his life.—Barack Obama, president of the United States, speaking to the Parliament of Ghana, Accra, 11 July 2009How do you say khaki in fourteen languages? assuming that the answer is, in most cases, more or less khaki, what might that word mean? This question occurred to me three years ago as I was sitting in my Minnesota office with a student—a brilliant sophomore economics major from Hanoi—trying to understand a thorny text from Cameroon. The text before us was the Vietnamese translation of Ferdinand Oyono's landmark 1956 francophone anticolonial novel Une vie de boy, which I had been pondering for years. A central figure in the novel, the village's French commandant, was often depicted in “son short kaki” (“his khaki shorts”). Though I don't speak Vietnamese, I could make out enough of its modified Latin alphabet to recognize kaki several times in the 1997 translation. In seeking its Vietnamese meaning, I knew that at least six languages were already in play: kaki came to Oyono's French from English, which got the word in the mid-nineteenth century from Hindi-Urdu (where it means dust-colored), which got it from the Persian (transliterated “khakeh”), meaning dust (“Khaki”). What is more, Oyono's novel purports to be translated from the Ewondo, where kaki certainly meant something too. But in Vietnamese? My instinct was that khaki, at least in Vietnam, would signify what it did in Cameroon: the iconic colonial oppressor's fabric. But when my student, Phuong Vu, saw the word in Vietnamese, she immediately searched for an image on her laptop, then showed me a photo of the great anticolonial leader of Vietnam: the khaki-wearing Ho Chi Minh. Seeking a further data point, I asked my dean, the Somali scholar Ahmed Samatar, what khaki meant in his mother tongue. His reaction, too, was instant: “my grandfather was the first man in our village to wear khaki: it signifies modernity!” Khaki: one word, worldwide. But clearly not a monosignifying word, since it means, at minimum, dust, dust-colored, modernity, colonization, and anticolonial resistance. To paraphrase Langston Hughes, what kind of a translation can you make out of that?

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Thanh, Hien Dang, Van Trung Tran, Duc Tan Nguyen, Vu-Khac Hung, and Wonyong Kim. "Novel reassortant H5N6 highly pathogenic influenza A viruses in Vietnamese quail outbreaks." Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 56 (February 2018): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2018.01.001.

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Siefring, Mark L., Elizabeth C. Lawrence, Tom C. Nguyen, Doanh Lu, Giang Pham, Christa Lorenchick, Kara L. Levine, and Zsolt Urban. "A Novel Elastin Gene Mutation in a Vietnamese Patient with Cutis Laxa." Pediatric Dermatology 31, no. 3 (April 24, 2014): 347–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pde.12334.

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Tran, Tham Thi, Quang Van Vu, Taizo Wada, Akihiro Yachie, Huong Le Thi Minh, and Sang Ngoc Nguyen. "Novel HAX1 Gene Mutation in a Vietnamese Boy with Severe Congenital Neutropenia." Case Reports in Pediatrics 2018 (November 27, 2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2798621.

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Severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) is a rare disease that involves a heterogeneous group of hereditary diseases. Mutations in the HAX1 gene can cause an autosomal recessive form of SCN-characterized low blood neutrophil count from birth, increased susceptibility to recurrent and life-threatening infections, and preleukemia predisposition. A 7-year-old boy was admitted due to life-threatening infections, mental retardation, and severe neutropenia. He had early-onset bacterial infections, and his serial complete blood count showed persistent severe neutropenia. One older sister and one older brother of the patient died at the age of 6 months and 5 months, respectively, because of severe infection. Bone marrow analysis revealed a maturation arrest at the promyelocyte/myelocyte stage with few mature neutrophils. In direct DNA sequencing analysis, we found a novel homozygous frameshift mutation (c.423_424insG, p.Gly143fs) in the HAX1 gene, confirming the diagnosis of SCN. The patient was successfully treated with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and antibiotics. A child with early-onset recurrent infections and neutropenia should be considered to be affected with SCN. Genetic analysis is useful to confirm diagnosis. Timely diagnosis and suitable treatment with G-CSF and antibiotics are important to prevent further complication.

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Mühlbauer, Andrea, Stephan Seip, Alexander Nowak, and Van Sung Tran. "Five Novel Taccalonolides from the Roots of the Vietnamese Plant Tacca paxiana." Helvetica Chimica Acta 86, no. 6 (June 2003): 2065–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.200390162.

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Giang, Đoàn Lê. "TRỞ LẠI VẤN ĐỀ NGUỒN GỐC TRUYỆN KIỀU." Dalat University Journal of Science 11, no. 2 (April 25, 2021): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.37569/dalatuniversity.11.2.861(2021).

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In the preface of the book “Kim Van Kieu Thanh Tam Tai Tu” – a Vietnamese translation of the novel “The Tale of Jin Yun Qiao” (金雲翹傳 Kim Van Kieu truyen) – published in 1971, the translator To Nam Nguyen Dinh Diem suggested that the novel “Kim Van Kieu truyen” was not created by a Chinese writer but could have been composed by a Vietnamese Confucian scholar based on Nguyen Du’s verse story “Doan truong tan thanh” (A New Cry from a Broken Heart – the official title of “The Tale of Kieu”). This suggestion seems to have been proved incorrect by many textual studies inside and outside Vietnam. However, the topic has been revived recently. This article presents a comprehensive literature review about “The Tale of Jin Yun Qiao”, adding more documents that we have recently collected in foreign countries, to give a firm conclusion about the origin of “The Tale of Kieu”.

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Nguyen, Doan Thi Lam, Margo Cnockaert, Koenraad Van Hoorde, Evie De Brandt, Isabel Snauwaert, Cindy Snauwaert, Luc De Vuyst, Binh Thanh Le, and Peter Vandamme. "Lactobacillus porcinae sp. nov., isolated from traditional Vietnamese nem chua." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63, Pt_5 (May 1, 2013): 1754–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.044123-0.

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A species diversity study of lactic acid bacteria occurring in traditional Vietnamese nem chua yielded an isolate, LMG 26767T, that could not be assigned to a species with a validly published name. The isolate was initially investigated by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, which revealed that it belonged to the genus Lactobacillus , with Lactobacillus manihotivorans and Lactobacillus camelliae as the closest relatives (98.9 % and 96.9 % gene sequence similarity to the type strains, respectively). Comparative (GTG)5-PCR genomic fingerprinting confirmed the unique taxonomic status of the novel strain. DNA–DNA hybridization experiments, DNA G+C content determination, sequence analysis of the phenylalanyl-tRNA synthase (pheS) gene, and physiological and biochemical characterization demonstrated that strain LMG 26767T represents a novel species, for which the name Lactobacillus porcinae sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is LMG 26767T ( = CCUG 62266T). Biochemically, L. porcinae can be distinguished from L. manihotivorans and L. camelliae by its carbohydrate fermentation profile, absence of growth at 45 °C, and production of d- and l-lactate as end products of glucose metabolism.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Vietnamese Novel'

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