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Journal articles on the topic 'Vietnamese, united states'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Bell, Sue, and Michael Whiteford. "Southeast Asians in the United States." Practicing Anthropology 9, no. 4 (September 1, 1987): 4–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.9.4.b23v7133084m7821.

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Since 1975 about 1.5 million Indochinese have been granted asylum in Western countries, with about half of them coming to the United States. If all of the different ethnic groups (Cambodian, Vietnamese, Chinese-Vietnamese, Hmong, Lao, Tat Dam) are taken together, the Indochinese are now the largest Asian-origin group in the United States. Other countries taking substantial numbers of Indochinese refugees are Australia, Canada, New Zealand, France and Norway. The following papers look at Indochinese refugees in the United States and examine the roles anthropologists have played in studying as well as assisting in the often difficult process of social change and adjustment.

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2

North, David S., and Paul James Rutledge. "The Vietnamese Experience in the United States." International Migration Review 27, no. 4 (1993): 896. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2546922.

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3

Kuebel, K. R., and Arthur O. Tucker. "Vietnamese culinary herbs in the United States." Economic Botany 42, no. 3 (July 1988): 413–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02860165.

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4

Tran, Anh. "Vietnamese Language Education in the United States." Language, Culture and Curriculum 21, no. 3 (November 2008): 256–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07908310802385923.

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5

Kirby, James P. "Vietnamese (Hanoi Vietnamese)." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 41, no. 3 (November 11, 2011): 381–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100311000181.

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Vietnamese, the official language of Vietnam, is spoken natively by over seventy-five million people in Vietnam and greater Southeast Asia as well as by some two million overseas, predominantly in France, Australia, and the United States. The genetic affiliation of Vietnamese has been at times the subject of considerable debate (Diffloth 1992). Scholars such as Tabard (1838) maintained a relation to Chinese, while Maspero (1912), despite noting similarities to Mon-Khmer, argued for an affiliation with Tai. However, at least since the work of Haudricourt (1953), most scholars now agree that Vietnamese and related Vietic languages belong to the Mon-Khmer branch of the Austroasiatic family.

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6

Van Tran, Thanh, Roosevelt Wright, and Charles H. Mindel. "Alienation Among Vietnamese Refugees in the United States." Journal of Social Service Research 11, no. 1 (July 14, 1988): 59–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j079v11n01_04.

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7

Nguyen, An Tuan. "More Than Just Refugees—A Historical Overview of Vietnamese Professional Immigration to the United States." Journal of Vietnamese Studies 10, no. 3 (2015): 87–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jvs.2015.10.3.87.

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This article seeks to broaden the scholarly literature on contemporary Vietnamese America with the inclusion of new Vietnamese immigrants who have come to the United States as professionals. It illuminates the nuanced ways in which diplomatic educational channels have always enabled privileged Vietnamese to enjoy a US education and gain access to US settlement. It also makes visible the political and social contexts in which the American-bound migration is articulated with the discourse of nation and empire. The article thus argues for a reexamination of the factors shaping contemporary Vietnamese American identity and for the need to place Vietnamese immigration within broader genealogies of Asian migration to the United States.

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8

Burghardt, Raymond F. "The United States and Vietnam." Journal of Macromarketing 32, no. 1 (October 13, 2011): 152–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0276146711423667.

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US and Vietnamese relations have progressed remarkably since diplomatic relations between the two countries were normalized in 1995. The purpose of this essay is to reflect on this progress and to consider implications for the future. Trends suggest the United States and Vietnam will continue to cooperate closely and pragmatically on matters of trade and foreign direct investment, education, public health and well-being, and strategic interests, including military cooperation. While these trends are viewed as beneficial to both countries, they also are considered important to the regional balance of power, as China continues to increase its influence in Southeast Asia and beyond.

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9

Kolotov, Vladimir. "Strategic priorities of the DRV and the US during the Second Indochina War." Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost, no. 5 (2022): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086919080018542-3.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of the strategic priorities of the DRV and the United States at the turning point and final stages of the Vietnam War. In the American army and historiography during the war and later an understanding of the origins of the Vietnamese strategy was not formed. First of all, the influence of Sun Tzu's treatise modernized by Ho Chi Minh was not taken into account. These approaches were creatively used by the Vietnamese command not only against the French, but also against the Americans during the war with the United States. Traditional Vietnamese strategic approaches created an effective counter-strategy against the American “search and destroy” strategy. Hanoi adopted a protracted war strategy for which the United States was unprepared. Accurate consideration of the advantages and disadvantages of both sides allowed Hanoi to seize the strategic initiative and implement a significant part of their schemes in an asymmetric war with a stronger enemy and finally achieve the withdrawal of American troops. In their struggle against the United States, the DRV skillfully and creatively used not only Soviet military equipment and the methods of its use in combat, but also the fundamental strategic principles of Sun Tzu, adapted to the conditions of modern warfare. After the Tet Offensive other strategic offensive operations followed again and again. From January 1968 to the spring of 1975, Hanoi carried out 5 major offensive operations in South Vietnam, which led to the defeat of the United States in the war.

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10

Dujunco, Mercedes M., Phong Th Ngugen, Terry E. Miller, and Mary Pardoe. "Eternal Voices: Traditional Vietnamese Music in the United States." Yearbook for Traditional Music 27 (1995): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/768131.

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11

Tong, Amy. "Eating Habits of Elderly Vietnamese in the United States." Journal of Nutrition For the Elderly 10, no. 2 (March 8, 1991): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j052v10n02_05.

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12

Arana, Miranda, Phong Thuyet Nguyen, and Terry E. Miller. "Eternal Voices: Traditional Vietnamese Music in the United States." Asian Music 26, no. 2 (1995): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/834443.

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13

North, David S. "Book Review: The Vietnamese Experience in the United States." International Migration Review 27, no. 4 (December 1993): 896–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839302700413.

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14

Celano, Marianne P., and Forrest B. Tyler. "Behavioral Acculturation Among Vietnamese Refugees in the United States." Journal of Social Psychology 131, no. 3 (June 1991): 373–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00224545.1991.9713864.

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15

Gold, Steve, and Nazli Kibria. "Vietnamese Refugees and Blocked Mobility." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 2, no. 1 (March 1993): 27–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719689300200102.

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Recent media reports have described Vietnamese refugees as a “model minority” — a group whose cultural orientations have enabled them to overcome disadvantages and achieve economic success. This paper examines data from published sources and ethnographic studies conducted by the authors in Oakland, California and Philadelphia to assess the economic situation of Vietnamese refugees in the United States. Evidence suggests that in strong contrast to being a “success story,” the economic status of many recently arrived Vietnamese refugees is characterized by unstable, minimum-wage employment, welfare dependency and participation in the informal economy. The paper suggests that the group's economic opportunities have been limited by the configuration of circumstances that have surrounded their entry and settlement into the United States as refugees, as well as by the demographic structure of the group.

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16

Shore, Zachary. "Provoking America: Le Duan and the Origins of the Vietnam War." Journal of Cold War Studies 17, no. 4 (October 2015): 86–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws_a_00598.

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This article concentrates on the North Vietnamese official who became the driving force within the Vietnamese Workers’ Party (VWP) and was crucial in shaping the Vietnamese Communists’ protracted war strategy. A great deal has been written about the personality and policies of Ho Chi Minh, but Le Duan's powerful influence on strategy has been largely overlooked. The article covers Le Duan's background and rise to power as the VWP First Secretary, as well as his strategic thinking about the United States from the 1950s through the deployment of U.S. ground troops in 1965. Although other VWP leaders influenced wartime strategy, Le Duan as First Secretary carried the greatest weight within the Politburo and exerted the strongest influence over the southern Communists, who were pivotal in fighting both U.S. and South Vietnamese forces. In his role as head of the southern Communists Le Duan developed strategies for defeating the United States and then implemented them as his power grew. The article spotlights several recurrent themes in his thinking: the nature of a protracted war, the role of casualties, and U.S. global standing. Each of these subjects influenced how the North Vietnamese intended to defeat the United States over the long term and offers insights into how Hanoi understood its enemy.

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17

Asselin, Pierre. "Revisionism Triumphant: Hanoi's Diplomatic Strategy in the Nixon Era." Journal of Cold War Studies 13, no. 4 (October 2011): 101–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws_a_00170.

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After the Tet Offensive of early 1968, Hanoi agreed to hold talks with U.S. representatives in Paris. The North Vietnamese, however, used the resulting talks with the Johnson administration not to negotiate in any traditional sense but to probe the intentions of Washington and to manipulate domestic and world opinion. Hanoi continued this charade for approximately a year, until domestic and international circumstances forced a meaningful reassessment of its position on a negotiated settlement of the war with the United States. This article explores that reassessment, as well as the evolution of North Vietnam's diplomatic strategy thereafter. Specifically, it considers the factors that conditioned the thinking and policies of Vietnamese Communist leaders, including the balance of forces below the seventeenth parallel and the behavior of close allies in Beijing and Moscow vis-à-vis the United States. The article proposes that military and economic setbacks in the South and in the North combined with recognition of the limits of socialist solidarity forced Hanoi to talk secretly and then to negotiate seriously with the Nixon administration and, ultimately, to accept a peace settlement that fell far short of the goals set by the Vietnamese Communists at the onset of the war.

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18

Vu, Tuong. "Vietnamese Political Studies and Debates on Vietnamese Nationalism." Journal of Vietnamese Studies 2, no. 2 (2007): 175–230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/vs.2007.2.2.175.

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This essay reviews the study of Vietnamese politics, specifically the debates about Vietnamese nationalism that have preoccupied scholars. The field has undergone two growth spurts——one in the mid 1960s and the other since the mid 1980s. These periods of growth were precipitated by Cold War politics and political developments in the United States and Vietnam, and the debates on Vietnamese nationalism evolved in a way that corresponded to trends in the field as a whole. When the field shifted, the tone of the debates and the major arguments advanced also shifted. Clearly, politics has had a deep impact not only on the development of the field but also on its scholarship.

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19

Tran, Van C., Fei Guo, and Tiffany J. Huang. "The Integration Paradox: Asian Immigrants in Australia and the United States." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 690, no. 1 (July 2020): 36–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716220926974.

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Whereas Australia has pursued a skills-based migration policy, the United States has privileged family-based migration. The key contrast between these migration regimes provides a rare test of how national immigration policy shapes immigrant selection and integration. Does a skills-based immigration regime result in a more select group of Asian immigrants in Australia compared to their counterparts in the United States? Are Asian immigrants more integrated into their host society in Australia compared to the United States? Focusing on four groups of Asian immigrants in both countries (Chinese, Indians, Filipinos, and Vietnamese), this article addresses these questions using a transpacific comparison. Despite Australia’s skills-based immigration policy, we find that Asian immigrants in Australia are less hyper-selected than their counterparts in the United States. Asian immigrants in Australia also report worse labor market outcomes than those in the United States, with the exception of Vietnamese—a refugee group. Altogether, these findings challenge the conventional wisdom that skills-based immigration policy not only results in more selected immigrants, but also positively influences their integration into the host society.

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20

Nguyễn, Linh Thuỷ. "Unwatchable Violence: Historical Affects and the Legacy of the Vietnam War in Vietnamese American Feminist Film." Asian Diasporic Visual Cultures and the Americas 4, no. 3 (September 29, 2018): 262–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23523085-00403003.

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Historians and cultural scholars of the Vietnam War have explored how structures of war and racism continue to shape filmmaking and media (under)representations of Vietnamese in the United States. This examination of structure, however, has inadvertently overlooked the social dimension of representational practices as they are lived and felt by the Vietnamese diaspora. In this article, I analyze Viette (2012), an independent film by filmmaker Mye Hoang which depicts a young Vietnamese American woman coming of age through Orientalized sexual violence, familial domestic violence, and state violence. I argue that Vietnamese American women’s experience as subjects in the United States is informed by relations of domination, as their bodies become sites for competing individual, familial, and national desires. Rather than offering authentic truths about the experiences of refugees from that war, the film deploys unwatchability as an affective register of the historicity of the War and its violent legacies.

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21

Hoang, Tuan. "From Reeducation Camps to Little Saigons." Journal of Vietnamese Studies 11, no. 2 (2016): 43–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jvs.2016.11.2.43.

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This article re-examines Vietnamese diasporic anticommunism in the context of twentieth-century Vietnamese history. It offers an overview of the Vietnamese anticommunist tradition from colonialism to the end of the Vietnam War, and interprets the effects of national loss and incarceration on South Vietnamese anticommunists. These experiences contributed to an essentialization of anticommunism among the prisoners, who eventually provided a critical mass for anticommunist activism in the United States since the early 1990s.

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22

Bradley, Mark. "Imagining America: The United States in Radical Vietnamese Anticolonial Discourse." Journal of American-East Asian Relations 4, no. 4 (1995): 299–329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187656195x00165.

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23

Do, H. D. "The New Migrants from Asia: Vietnamese in the United States." OAH Magazine of History 10, no. 4 (June 1, 1996): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/maghis/10.4.61.

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24

Desbarats, Jacqueline. "Ethnic Differences in Adaptation: Sino- Vietnamese Refugees in the United States." International Migration Review 20, no. 2 (June 1986): 405–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791838602000215.

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This article examines the differences in adaptive behavior manifested by Sino-Vietnamese and ethnic Vietnamese refugees resettled in two major areas of the United States. Contingency analyses of a survey of 602 refugees interviewed in Illinois and California confirm the disadvantage of the Chinese group with respect to both acculturation and economic self-sufficiency variables. Although the two groups differ statistically in their pre-arrival characteristics and encountered somewhat different socioeconomic circumstances in the course of resettlement, adaptive differences remain after pre-arrival characteristics and resettlement context have been controlled. The adverse effect of Chinese ethnicity on adaptation is especially noticeable for the refugee expected to be most adaptable by virtue of their more favorable socioeconomic backgrounds and of the more facilitative circumstances of their resettlement.

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25

Kellman, Steven. "Multilingual Literature of the United States." Polylinguality and Transcultural Practices 19, no. 1 (March 16, 2022): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2618-897x-2022-19-1-19-27.

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Like the Russian Federation, the United States is a multilingual, multicultural society. A nation of immigrants and indigenous peoples, it has produced a rich body of literature in dozens of languages in addition to English that scholars have only in recent decades begun to pay attention to. Of particular note are texts in Spanish, Yiddish, Chinese, French, Hebrew, German, Arabic, Norwegian, Welsh, Greek, Turkish, Italian, Korean, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Vietnamese and numerous American Indian languages. In this paper we observe the most significant texts of multilingual American literature. The corpus of literary works shows us, that despite Americans pervasive and enduring xenolinguaphobia - aversion to other languages - the United States, like other large countries, is a heterogeneous amalgam. Ignoring the variety of works written in languages other than English impoverishes the national culture and handicaps serious readers.

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26

Le, Lan Anh. "Trade Impacts Of The Us Anti-Dumping Actions: A Case Study Of Vietnam." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 03, no. 04 (April 22, 2021): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume03issue04-17.

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Anti-dumping is among of the important trade protection measures that imported countries use against oversea enterprises. The United States is considered one of the most countries use anti-dumping measures to protect the domestic product market from the foreign competitors exporting identical or similar products into the US market. Vietnam’s exporters also have to face the US anti-dumping investigations, becoming a barrier to the favorable trade flow from Vietnam to the United States. This article uses the data on trade between the US and Vietnam for many years to takes a close look at the importance of promoting and developing bilateral trade between the two countries; as well as point out the remarkable changes of Vietnam’s export to the US before and after initiating anti-dumping investigations. Based on the importance of bilateral trade cooporation and the impacts of the US anti-dumping actions to Vietnam’s export, this article gives several implications to Vietnamese exporters to avoid the US antidumping investigations.

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27

Nash, Marian, and (Leich). "Contemporary Practice of the United States Relating to International Law." American Journal of International Law 90, no. 1 (January 1996): 79–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2203754.

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By notes exchanged at a signing ceremony in Hanoi, Vietnam, on August 5, 1995, Secretary of State Warren Christopher and Vietnamese Foreign Minister Nguyen Manh Cam confirmed the establishment of diplomatic relations between the United States of America and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam by mutual consent on July 12, 1995.

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28

Kwon, Harry T., Felicia M. Solomon, and Si Nguyen. "Needs Assessment of Barriers to Cervical Cancer Screening in Vietnamese American Health Care Providers." Californian Journal of Health Promotion 4, no. 3 (September 1, 2006): 146–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.32398/cjhp.v4i3.1966.

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Vietnamese women living in the United States have a cervical cancer incidence rate that is five times that of White women. The low rate of cervical cancer screening among this high-risk population contributes to this disparity. In 2004, the National Cancer Institute collaborated with the Vietnamese American Medical Association to conduct a short needs assessment questionnaire (Pap Test Barriers Questionnaire for Health Care Providers) among its members to assess provider views about cervical cancer, barriers to Pap testing among Vietnamese women living in the United States, and types of patient education materials needed to help motivate Vietnamese women to receive a Pap test. Information from the questionnaire was used to inform development of a brochure and identify additional strategies to enhance outreach to Vietnamese women and providers. Almost all of the respondents (95%) thought that Pap tests were “very important” in the early detection of cervical cancer in Vietnamese women. In addition, knowledge about the importance of Pap tests was identified as the most influential factor for Vietnamese women not seeking a Pap test. Print materials that included both English and Vietnamese translations in the same publication were cited as a preferred communication tool. Further, health education through Vietnamese media was recommended as a primary strategy for reaching women with educational messages. Findings from this needs assessment contributes to a larger formative research effort to build NCI’s cervical cancer education program within its Office of Education and Special Initiatives.

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29

Espiritu, Yêên Lêê. "Toward a Critical Refugee Study: The Vietnamese Refugee Subject in US Scholarship." Journal of Vietnamese Studies 1, no. 1-2 (February 1, 2006): 410–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/vs.2006.1.1-2.410.

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This review of the field of Vietnamese refugee studies in the United States first assesses the social science literature that dominated Vietnamese studies during the 1970s and 1980s, showing how this scholarship produces Vietnamese Americans as the desperate-turned-successful. Then it reviews the current range of Vietnamese American scholarship, foregrounding the promising studies that situate the diversity and vibrancy of Vietnamese lives within a critical global context. The paper concludes by suggesting that we imbue the term "refugee" with social and political critiques that call into question the relationship between war, race, and violence, then and now.

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30

Tam, Hao Jun. "Diasporic South Vietnam." Journal of Vietnamese Studies 15, no. 2 (2020): 40–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/vs.2020.15.2.40.

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As Vietnam was caught in wartime narrative austerity from the 1950s to the 1970s, followed by the communist state’s intolerance of dissent, Vietnamese writers in the French and American diaspora have offered literary texts that challenge both Vietnamese discursive stricture and dominant perspectives in France and the United States. This essay studies two novel sequences from the diasporic Vietnamese literary archive: Vietnamese French author Ly Thu Ho’s trilogy and Vietnamese American writer Lan Cao’s pair of historical novels. Taking a historicist approach, the essay reveals complex nationalist expressions, aspirations, challenges, and desires in Ly Thu Ho’s and Lan Cao’s works of fiction.

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31

Brown, Frederick Z. "Vietnam and America: Parameters of the Possible." Current History 109, no. 726 (April 1, 2010): 162–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2010.109.726.162.

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32

ZISSIMOS, BEN, and JAN WOUTERS. "US–Shrimp II (Vietnam): Dubious Application of Anti-Dumping Duties – Should Have Used Safeguards." World Trade Review 16, no. 2 (March 10, 2017): 183–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474745616000501.

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AbstractThis article explores the idea that the USDOC imposed anti-dumping duties on Vietnamese shrimp producers despite the fact that the surge of shrimp imports giving rise to the duties may have come from elsewhere in the developing world. We argue that Vietnam's shrimp exporters may have been subject to anti-dumping duties because Vietnam has ‘non-market economy’ (NME) status in the United States. This makes it possible to levy higher duties against Vietnamese firms. We make the point that it was particularly inappropriate to impose anti-dumping duties against the Vietnamese shrimp industry because this industry shows clear indications of being perfectly competitive, whereby firms cannot dump. This in turn raises the question of how the USDOC was able to construct a dumping case where apparently none could have existed. Use of the ‘zeroing’ methodology, in conjunction with Vietnam's NME status, turns out to be central to the answer. The broader issue is that anti-dumping duties are overused where safeguards would be more efficient. The analysis is relevant for the current controversy over China's NME status with a number of its trading partners.

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33

Gonzalez, Elwing Sương. "No “Little Saigon” in L.A." California History 98, no. 4 (2021): 30–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ch.2021.98.4.30.

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Starting in 1975, Los Angeles attracted what would become, within a decade, the largest concentration of resettled Vietnamese refugees in the United States. A combination of legacies led to the concentration of Vietnamese in Los Angeles: decades of U.S. involvement in Vietnam; Cold War foreign policy; domestic urban planning; and public housing policies born of the city’s history of racial segregation. These structural forces also drew many other immigrant groups to Los Angeles during the same period, as Koreans, Thais, Mexicans, and Central Americans likewise concentrated in L.A., each developing their own distinctive enclaves in the same districts and neighborhoods as the Vietnamese refugees. Refugee resettlement in Los Angeles in the 1970s and ’80s meant that the Vietnamese benefited from services and institutions established earlier for prior immigrant and refugee groups who had made their way to L.A., but also competition and conflict over space, markets, services, and resources, as well as cross-cultural cooperation and convergence. However, unlike some other newcomer groups, Vietnamese refugees had access to specific government-funded resources and opportunities, in addition to personal, professional, and military-related connections, that stemmed from the United States’ decades-long imperialist project in Vietnam. This article examines the settlement and placemaking experiences of Vietnamese refugees among other immigrant groups—overlap, similarities, and differences—in Los Angeles in this era.

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34

Desbarats, Jacqueline. "Ethnic Differences in Adaptation: Sino-Vietnamese Refugees in the United States." International Migration Review 20, no. 2 (1986): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2546042.

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35

Le, Quyen Kim. "Mistreatment of Vietnamese Elderly by Their Families in the United States." Journal of Elder Abuse & Neglect 9, no. 2 (March 11, 1998): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j084v09n02_05.

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36

Jesilow, P., G. Geis, H. Pontell, and J. H. L. Song. "Culture Conflict Revisited: Fraud by Vietnamese Physicians in the United States." International Migration 30, no. 2 (June 1992): 201–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2435.1992.tb00693.x.

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37

Nghi, Le, and Nguyen Kieu. "Volatility spillover from the united states and Japanese stock markets to the Vietnamese stock market: A frequency domain approach." Panoeconomicus, no. 00 (2020): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan170428003n.

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Using frequency domain analysis, this paper examines the volatility spillover from the United States and Japanese stock markets to the Vietnamese stock market. Daily data of S&P 500, Nikkei 225 and VN-Index from January 01, 2012 to May 31, 2016 is used. In terms of estimation, the GARCH model is used to estimate volatilities in these stock markets; the Granger Causality Test is used to examine volatility spillover; and the test for causality in the frequency domain by Jorg Breitung and Bertrand Candelon (2006) is used to examine the volatility spillover at different frequencies. The empirical results provide two main contributions: (i) there is a significant volatility spillover from the United States to the Vietnamese stock markets, but the evidence of volatility spillover from the Japanese to the Vietnamese stock market is not found; and (ii) the volatility spillover may vary across frequency spectrum bands. To our best understanding, volatility spillover analysis using frequency domain approach was not previously reported in literature.

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38

Hwa-Froelich, Deborah, Barbara W. Hodson, and Harold T. Edwards. "Characteristics of Vietnamese Phonology." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 11, no. 3 (August 2002): 264–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360(2002/031).

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The number of individuals in the United States whose native language is Vietnamese has increased dramatically during the past decade. To work effectively with Vietnamese speakers, speech-language practitioners need to understand basic aspects of the Vietnamese language, especially the sound system, and how it differs from English. The purpose of this report is to provide basic information that can be used by practitioners to understand not only the differences between Vietnamese and English phonology, but also the influence of dialects. Characteristics of Vietnamese phonology and speech samples of three native speakers, representing the northern, central, and southern dialects, are used to illustrate information from the literature in this tutorial. Clinical Implications include considerations for assessment and intervention with Vietnamese individuals who may have a phonological disorder.

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39

Nguyen, Kim-Son H., Henning Stehr, Li Zhou, Anh-Hoa Nguyen, Pham Nhu Hiep, Nguyen Van Cau, Phan Canh Duy, et al. "Comparison of Genomic Driver Oncogenes in Vietnamese Patients With Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer in the United States and Vietnam." Journal of Global Oncology, no. 4 (December 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.00086.

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Purpose Discoveries of oncogenic driver alterations in non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have been accompanied by the development of effective targeted therapies. The frequencies of these mutations vary between populations but are less well characterized in the Vietnamese population. In this study, we analyzed the frequencies of lung cancer driver oncogenic alterations in Vietnamese patients compared with Vietnamese patients treated in the United States. Methods We collected data on tumor and disease characteristics of Vietnamese patients with NSCLC treated at Stanford. In addition, we collected NSCLC tumor specimens from patients with NSCLC diagnosed in Hue, Vietnam, and performed next-generation–based genotyping on these samples. The molecular and clinical characteristics of these groups were compared. Results Fifty-nine Vietnamese patients were identified at Stanford. Of the 44 patients with molecular testing results, there were 21 (47.7%) with EGFR alterations, six (13.6%) with ALK alterations, two (4.5%) with KRAS alterations, one (2.3%) with BRAF alterations, and no ROS1 or RET alterations. Across all stages, the median overall survival for patients with a tumor having a targetable genomic alteration driver mutation was 42.4 months, compared with 27.1 months for patients without such alterations. In the 45 genotyped samples from Vietnam, there were 26 (57.8%) with EGFR, 11 (24.4%) with KRAS, and one each (2.2%) with ALK, ROS1, and RET. Conclusion The majority of tumors from both Stanford and Vietnam had targetable oncogenic alterations. This suggests that routine implementation of molecular testing may have a significant, positive impact on the treatment of Vietnamese patients with NSCLC, but affordability of testing and treatments remains a barrier to adoption.

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Pham, Giang. "Addressing Less Common Languages via Telepractice: A Case Example With Vietnamese." Perspectives on Communication Disorders and Sciences in Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CLD) Populations 19, no. 3 (December 2012): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/cds19.3.77.

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The number of children in the United States who need two languages to communicate in home and school settings is rapidly growing. The challenge to support home and school languages can be daunting considering the shortage of bilingual clinicians and the multitude of home languages in the United States. Telepractice is one approach to address this challenge, namely by connecting bilingual service providers with language-matched children and families. This article describes a case example of telepractice between a bilingual speech-language pathologist and a Vietnamese-speaking mother–child dyad. This case consisted of a speech-language evaluation and weekly training sessions via web conferencing. The author discusses advantages and limitations to telepractice, and introduces web-based resources for professionals working with Vietnamese-speaking families.

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Vu, Hoang Hung, Tong Chun Li, and Quang Hung Nguyen. "A Discussion on the Differences between Arch Dam Design Standards of the United States, China and Vietnam." Applied Mechanics and Materials 212-213 (October 2012): 841–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.212-213.841.

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In arch dam design, every country has it own technical design standard. In Vietnam, the standard is far lessconprehensive compared with those of the United States and China. This research focus on analysis of the differences between three above standard systems, in order to give some suggestions to improve the Vietnamese standard for arch dam. Differnces in stability and strength analysis under static and seismic conditions is discussed in depth. A case study of Namchien arch dam in Vietnam, which has being constructed in Vietnam, is presented. The results show that if arch dam design based on the Vietnamese standard, stability and strength analysis should be paid more attention on the discussed differences. The research aims atcontributing constructive suggestions concerning to existing Vietnamese standard and providing some technical specifications for designer in arch dam design.

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Martignago, Michael David. "Vietnamese Farmers That Changed the World: The Impact of the Vietnam War on the Cold War." General: Brock University Undergraduate Journal of History 3 (December 18, 2018): 163–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/gbuujh.v3i0.1691.

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The Vietnam War was the quintessential Cold War conflict between the United States and the Sino-Soviet supplied, nationalistic North Vietnamese. This war saw the world’s most wealthiest and dominant military force suffer a long, drawn out defeat to a poverty-stricken society of farmers, armed with nothing but an unyielding nationalism and outdated weaponry. This paper examines the United States’ involvement in Vietnam throughout the Vietnam War and also explores the ways in which the Vietnam War affected the Cold War. Beginning with President Harry S. Truman in 1945 and ending with President Gerald Ford in 1975, this paper examines the motivations behind each of the six United States Presidential Administrations during the Vietnam War and gives an in-depth explanation for the crucial decisions that were made by the United States Government over the course of the war. The effect that these foreign policy decisions and directives had on the Cold War atmosphere is also heavily analyzed. The faults and failures of the United States that led to their humiliating defeat in Vietnam consequently altered the Cold War atmosphere. In order to fully understand the Cold War, it is necessary to understand the Vietnam War and its impact on United States foreign policy.

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DEINARD, AMOS S. "Vietnamese Are Not Genetically Short." Pediatrics 76, no. 6 (December 1, 1985): 1024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.76.6.1024a.

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To the Editor.— Dr Stickler, in a recent commentary (Pediatrics 1984;74:559), mentions as an example of genetic short stature the child of a Vietnamese refugee. My experience during the past 5 years with the Vietnamese as well as the other Southeast Asian groups (lowland Lao, Hmong, and Cambodian) who have immigrated to the United States since 1979 suggests that their growth may be no different from that of post-World War II Japanese children, ie, with good maternal and postnatal medical care and nutrition, children will grow at levels comparable to American children on whom the growth curves were normed.

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Le Hoang Thuy To Nguyen, Quyen, Phuc Van Nguyen, Phong Thanh Nguyen, and Vy Dang Bich Huynh. "Using Fuzzy Logic to Develop Employees’ Competency Ranking Model." Journal of Social Sciences Research, no. 54 (April 6, 2019): 888`—891. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jssr.54.888.891.

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This paper developed the employees’ competency model based on the literature review of both the United Kingdom (UK) and the United States of America (US) approaches. Furthermore, experts’ interview is applied to justify the model in the Vietnamese context. A competency model comprising of seven dimensions with ASK (Attitudes, Skills, and Knowledge) components at each dimension was constructed. Then, the fuzzy logic approach was used to prioritize the importance of the dimensions in the employees’ competency ranking model. It was found that critical thinking and problems solving was the first criterion expected by the employer in the Vietnamese labor market.

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Hoang Thuy To Nguyen, Quyen Le, Phuc Van Nguyen, Phong Thanh Nguyen, and Vy Dang Bich Huynh. "Using Fuzzy Logic to Develop Employees’ Competency Ranking Model." Journal of Social Sciences Research, Special Issue 5 (December 15, 2018): 606–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi5.606.609.

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This paper developed the employees’ competency model based on the literature review of both the United Kingdom (UK) and the United States of America (US) approaches. Furthermore, experts’ interview is applied to justify the model in the Vietnamese context. A competency model comprising of seven dimensions with ASK (Attitudes, Skills, and Knowledge) components at each dimension was constructed. Then, the fuzzy logic approach was used to prioritize the importance of the dimensions in the employees’ competency ranking model. It was found that critical thinking and problems solving was the first criterion expected by the employer in the Vietnamese labor market.

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Tran, Ben. "The Literary Dubbing of Confession." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 133, no. 2 (March 2018): 413–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2018.133.2.413.

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Although the united states lost the vietnam war on the battlefield, it won the war on two long-term fronts: economic ideology and cultural memory. A mere eleven years after the fall of Saigon in 1975, the Vietnamese government officially transitioned from a ration economy to a market-socialist one. This perestroika resulted in capitalist development, more akin to what the United States had propagated when it entered the war to prevent the cascading growth of communism throughout Asia. The United States also triumphed in terms of memory, dominating narratives of the war through the global influence of its culture industries.

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Gonzalez, Elwing Su’o’ng. "Creating and Contesting Refugee Spaces." Southern California Quarterly 103, no. 1 (2021): 99–137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/scq.2021.103.1.99.

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Despite a federal resettlement policy of dispersing Vietnamese refugees entering the United States after the end of the Vietnam War in 1975, refugees resisted and resettled elsewhere. Within the first decade of settlement, the largest concentration of the refugees had formed in the Los Angeles area. This article identifies a number of factors in the rise of Vietnamese communities in Los Angeles, its San Gabriel Valley suburbs, and adjoining Orange County.

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LADITKA, JAMES N., SARAH B. LADITKA, RUI LIU, ANNA E. PRICE, BEI WU, DANIELA B. FRIEDMAN, SARA J. CORWIN, et al. "Older adults' concerns about cognitive health: commonalities and differences among six United States ethnic groups." Ageing and Society 31, no. 7 (January 20, 2011): 1202–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x10001273.

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ABSTRACTWe studied concerns about cognitive health among ethnically diverse groups of older adults. The study was grounded in theories of health behaviour and the representation of health and illness. We conducted 42 focus groups (N=396, ages 50+) in four languages, with African Americans, American Indians, Chinese Americans, Latinos, Whites other than Latinos (hereafter, Whites) and Vietnamese Americans, in nine United States locations. Participants discussed concerns about keeping their memory or ability to think as they age. Audio recordings were transcribed verbatim. Constant comparison methods identified themes. In findings, all ethnic groups expressed concern and fear about memory loss, losing independence, and becoming ‘a burden’. Knowing someone with Alzheimer's disease increased concern. American Indians, Chinese Americans, Latinos and Vietnamese Americans expected memory loss. American Indians, Chinese Americans and Vietnamese Americans were concerned about stigma associated with Alzheimer's disease. Only African Americans, Chinese and Whites expressed concern about genetic risks. Only African Americans and Whites expressed concern about behaviour changes. Although we asked participants for their thoughts about their ability to think as they age, they focused almost exclusively on memory. This suggests that health education promoting cognitive health should focus on memory, but should also educate the public about the importance of maintaining all aspects of cognitive health.

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McKelvey, Robert S., and John A. Webb. "Comparative Levels of Psychological Distress in a Pre-Migratory Refugee Population." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 31, no. 4 (August 1997): 543–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679709065076.

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Objective: This study compares levels of psychological distress in a pre-migratory sample of Vietnamese Amerasians with those in a like-aged, non-migratory sample of Vietnamese living in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Method: Subjects were assessed using two measures developed and validated for Vietnamese clinical populations in the United States: the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 and the Vietnamese Depression Scale. Results: Amerasians had significantly higher symptom levels on the depression scale of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25, but not on the other measures utilised. Conclusions: Amerasians' higher levels of depressive symptoms are probably a result of their traumatic lives in Vietnam, but may also reflect acute situational factors or selection bias.

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McKelvey, Robert S. "At a Cocktail Party With the Vietnamese Ambassador to the United States." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 266, no. 14 (October 9, 1991): 1896. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1991.03470140008002.

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