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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Views on chemistry practicals

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Academic literature on the topic 'Views on chemistry practicals'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Views on chemistry practicals"

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McGarvey, David J. "Industry-linked context-based chemistry practicals." New Directions in the Teaching of Physical Sciences, no. 2 (December 1, 2006): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.29311/ndtps.v0i2.436.

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There is considerable evidence that the use of tangible contexts enriches the learning experience for students. In view of this, the author has developed two ‘industry-linked context-based chemistry practicals’ that illustrate the importance of core chemistry topics within commercial/industrial contexts. A common feature of the practicals is that the students work with actual commercial samples and compare their data with that published by the two companies. The principal features of the two practicals are described and contrasted with conventional practicals. Finally, the results of a student evaluation of the practicals are reported.

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Al-Amoush, Siham A., Silvija Markic, and Ingo Eilks. "Jordanian chemistry teachers' views on teaching practices and educational reform." Chem. Educ. Res. Pract. 13, no. 3 (2012): 314–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2rp20022h.

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Kohen, Zehavit, Orit Herscovitz, and Yehudit Judy Dori. "How to promote chemical literacy? On-line question posing and communicating with scientists." Chemistry Education Research and Practice 21, no. 1 (2020): 250–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9rp00134d.

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Facilitating students' chemical literacy is a focal point of current science education. This study examines views of chemists and chemistry teachers on chemical literacy and, more broadly, on scientific literacy of four kinds of stakeholders: scientists, teachers, STEM students, and the educated public. We explored the views of 347 participants, representing the four stakeholder groups with diversified scientific literacy, and an Ask-a-Scientist public website as a communication channel for facilitating chemical literacy through posing questions. Research tools included interviews, open-ended questionnaires, and questions retrieved from the website. We found that the questions posed on the website expressed a range of levels of chemical literacy that the students had constructed. The stakeholder groups expressed diverse perspectives of their experiences using various types of communication channels, arguing for the need to encourage students to pose questions and receive scientists' responses. Our study is placed in the larger context of scientific literacy and communication channels, as it takes the example of chemical literacy, with a focus on communications among scientists and chemistry teachers in the context of an Ask-a-Scientist website. It has established a link between responses of various stakeholders and the literature definitions regarding scientific literacy with focus on chemical literacy. From a practical viewpoint, the study presents a productive communication channel for posing questions in the context of chemistry and other sciences. Methodologically, this study includes the design of tools for analyzing both the views of different stakeholders and for evaluating the complexity level of chemistry questions, which might serve chemistry educators.

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Lok, Wai Foong, and Pooi Wan Yau. "A case study of direct assessment of students’ manipulative skills in chemistry practical: Perspective of lecturers." Asian Journal Of Assessment In Teaching And Learning 10, no. 2 (July 3, 2020): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37134/ajatel.vol10.2.2.2020.

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Direct assessment has adopted in matriculation college as an innovative change in assessment method for practical in line with the implementation of outcome-based education. The purpose of this study was to obtain the views of matriculation lecturers on the use of direct assessment to assess students’ manipulative skills in titration experiment during Chemistry practical. A qualitative case study approach was adopted, in which four matriculation lecturers were purposely selected. Observation and interview were conducted to obtain their views regarding to the perception, implementation, effectiveness, and critical factors for sustainability of direct assessment. The findings of the study indicated that lecturers positively perceived direct assessment were able to enhance students’ manipulative skills in Chemistry practical, by identifying their weaknesses in skills and to increases their motivation in hands-on practical. Several issues such as lack of skills among lecturers and the requiring of excessive effort needed to overcome in order to sustain the implementation of direct assessment in matriculation college.

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Sneddon, Peter H., and Robert A. Hill. "Perceptions, views and opinions of university students about chemistry learning during practical work at school." Chem. Educ. Res. Pract. 12, no. 3 (2011): 312–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c1rp90038b.

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Gennes, P. G. de. "Simple views on adhesion and fracture." Canadian Journal of Physics 68, no. 9 (September 1, 1990): 1049–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p90-148.

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The industrial importance of adhesives is constantly increasing. Yet it is difficult to systematize the vast amount of practical knowledge, which has accumulated, covering chemistry, interfacial physics, and mechanics. This review describes an attempt to bridge the gap between polymer science and fracture mechanics. It focuses on weak mechanical junctions. Examples can be found at glass–rubber interfaces or at glass–plastic interfaces, where the glass has been grafted with polymer chains that promote adhesion. When a fracture propagates along such a junction, the dissipation tends to be localized in the junction region. We present a phenomenological description of this process in terms of two ingredients: (i) a threshold stress σc associated with chemical scission or with plastic flow; (ii) a "suction" process with a suction velocity proportional to the local stress σ, which ends when the volume transfer (per unit area) has reached a certain limit hf. Assuming no cavitation (no crazes), we are led to expect two fracture regimes: (a) at low-fracture velocities V, the process is quasi-static and the fracture energy G scales like σchf and (b) beyond a velocity V*, the width of the suction region is very much spread out, and G increases linearly with V. On the whole, these ideas can put into perspective a number of existing data, for instance, we may understand why adhesive elastomers become poorer when their level of cross linking is increased.

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Danczak, S. M., C. D. Thompson, and T. L. Overton. "‘What does the term Critical Thinking mean to you?’ A qualitative analysis of chemistry undergraduate, teaching staff and employers' views of critical thinking." Chemistry Education Research and Practice 18, no. 3 (2017): 420–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6rp00249h.

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Good critical thinking is important to the development of students and a valued skill in commercial markets and wider society. There has been much discussion regarding the definition of critical thinking and how it is best taught in higher education. This discussion has generally occurred between philosophers, cognitive psychologists and education researchers. This study examined the perceptions around critical thinking of 470 chemistry students from an Australian University, 106 chemistry teaching staff and 43 employers of chemistry graduates. An open-ended questionnaire was administered to these groups, qualitatively analysed and subsequently quantified. When asked to define critical thinking respondents identified themes such as ‘analysis’, ‘critique’, ‘objectivity’, ‘problem solving’, ‘evaluate’ and ‘identification of opportunities and problems’. Student respondents described the smallest number of themes whereas employers described the largest number of themes. When asked where critical thinking was developed during the study of chemistry students overwhelmingly described practical environments and themes around inquiry-based learning. When teaching staff were asked this question they commonly identified critiques, research, projects and practical environments to some extent. This research highlights that there is only limited shared understanding of the definition of critical thinking and where it is developed in the study of chemistry. The findings within this article would be of interest to higher education teaching practitioners of science and chemistry, those interested in development of graduate attributes and higher order cognitive skills (HOCS) and those interested in the student and employer perspectives.

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Klinman, J. P. "Dynamic barriers and tunneling. New views of hydrogen transfer in enzyme reactions." Pure and Applied Chemistry 75, no. 5 (January 1, 2003): 601–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200375050601.

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Hydrogen-transfer processes are expected to show appreciable quantum mechanical behavior. Intensive investigations of enzymes under their physiological conditions show this to be true in practically every example investigated. Initially, tunneling was treated either as a tunneling correction [cf. Bell, The Tunnel Effect in Chemistry, Chapman & Hall, New York, (l980)], or as corner-cutting [Truhlar et al., J. Chem. Phys. 100, 12771 (l996)]. This worked well as long as the observed properties could be explained by “corrections” to transition-state theory. However, over the past several years, enzymatic behaviors have been observed that are so deviant as to lie outside of transition-state theory. This phenomenon is discussed in the context of the enzyme, soybean lipoxygenase. An environmentally coupled hydrogen-tunneling model is presented that derives from the treatments of Kuznetsov and Ullstrup [Can. J. Chem. 77, 689 (l999)], and includes heavy-atom reorganization (temperature-dependent and largely isotope-independent), together with heavy-atom gating (temperature- and isotope-dependent). This treatment can explain a wide range of behaviors and leads to a new view of the origin of kinetic isotope effects in hydrogen-transfer reactions. These properties link enzyme fluctuations to the hydrogen-transfer reaction coordinate, making a quantum view of H-transfer necessarily a dynamic view of catalysis.

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George-Williams, Stephen R., Angela L. Ziebell, Russell R. A. Kitson, Paolo Coppo, Christopher D. Thompson, and Tina L. Overton. "‘What do you think the aims of doing a practical chemistry course are?’ A comparison of the views of students and teaching staff across three universities." Chemistry Education Research and Practice 19, no. 2 (2018): 463–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7rp00177k.

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The aims of teaching laboratories is an important and ever-evolving topic of discussion amongst teaching staff at teaching institutions. It is often assumed that both teaching staff and students are implicitly aware of these aims, although this is rarely tested or measured. This assumption can lead to mismatched beliefs between students and teaching staff and, if not corrected for, could lead to negative learning gains for students and become a source of frustration for teaching staff. In order to measure and identify this gap in a manner that could be readily generalised to other institutions, a single open question – ‘What do you think the aims of doing a practical chemistry course are?’ – was distributed to students and teaching staff at two Australian universities and one UK university. Qualitative analysis of the responses revealed that students and teaching staff held relatively narrow views of teaching laboratories, particularly focusing on aims more in line with expository experiences (e.g. development of practical skills or enhances understanding of theory). Whilst some differences were noted between students at the three institutions, the large amount of similarities in their responses indicated a fairly common perception of laboratory aims. Of the three groups, academics actually held the narrowest view of teaching laboratories, typically neglecting the preparation of students for the workforce or the simple increase in laboratory experience the students could gain. This study highlights gaps between the perceptions of students and teaching staff with regards to laboratory aims alongside revealing that all three groups held relatively simplified views of teaching laboratories.

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Zhang, Le, Jian Sun, and Qiang Zheng. "3D Point Cloud Recognition Based on a Multi-View Convolutional Neural Network." Sensors 18, no. 11 (October 29, 2018): 3681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18113681.

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The recognition of three-dimensional (3D) lidar (light detection and ranging) point clouds remains a significant issue in point cloud processing. Traditional point cloud recognition employs the 3D point clouds from the whole object. Nevertheless, the lidar data is a collection of two-and-a-half-dimensional (2.5D) point clouds (each 2.5D point cloud comes from a single view) obtained by scanning the object within a certain field angle by lidar. To deal with this problem, we initially propose a novel representation which expresses 3D point clouds using 2.5D point clouds from multiple views and then we generate multi-view 2.5D point cloud data based on the Point Cloud Library (PCL). Subsequently, we design an effective recognition model based on a multi-view convolutional neural network. The model directly acts on the raw 2.5D point clouds from all views and learns to get a global feature descriptor by fusing the features from all views by the view fusion network. It has been proved that our approach can achieve an excellent recognition performance without any requirement for three-dimensional reconstruction and the preprocessing of point clouds. In conclusion, this paper can effectively solve the recognition problem of lidar point clouds and provide vital practical value.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Views on chemistry practicals"

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Pratt, Justin M. "Undergraduate Students Teaching Chemistry in Informal Environments: Investigating Chemistry Outreach Practices and Conceptual Understanding." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami154203032638329.

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Adobes, Vidal Maria. "Quantitative and holistic views of crystal dissolution processes." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/95498/.

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This thesis is concerned with the development and application of novel theoretical and experimental methodologies to study crystal dissolution processes across multiple lengthscales. In particular, it presents a versatile in situ multimicroscopy approach, comprising atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning ion-conductance microscopy (SICM), and optical microscopy (OM) that is readily combined with finite element method (FEM) simulations. The methodology permits the quantitative 3D visualization of microcrystal morphology during dissolution with well-defined, high mass transport rates, enabling both the measurement of face-dependent dissolution rates and the elucidation of the dissolution mechanism. The approach also allows the determination of interfacial concentrations and concentration gradients, as well as the separation of kinetic and mass transport limiting regimes. The high resolving power and versatility of this new methodology is demonstrated on four different crystalline compounds with very different characteristics. First, the dissolution kinetics of individual faces of single furosemide microcrystals are investigated by OM-SICM and FEM modeling. It is found that the (001) face is strongly influenced by surface kinetics, while the (010) and (101) faces are dominated by mass transport. Dissolution rates are shown to vary greatly between crystals, with a strong dependence on crystal morphology and surface properties. A similar approach is then used to investigate changes in both crystal morphology and surface processes during the dissolution of bicalutamide single crystals, achieving high resolution with in situ AFM. It is shown that dissolution involves roughening and pit formation on all dissolving surfaces, and that this has a strong influence on the overall dissolution rate. FEM simulations determine that mass transport contributions increase as dissolution proceeds due to a continuous increase of the intrinsic dissolution rate constant, promoted by the exposure of high index microfacets. The methodology is further developed to show that kinetic data obtained from OMSICM and AFM, which provide differing measures of kinetic parameters, are in good agreement when the different mass transport regimes of the two experimental configurations are accounted for. The robustness of the methodology is verified via studies of L-cystine crystals, while also providing insights into the dissolution mechanism by visualizing hexagonal spirals descending along screw dislocations. Finally, the ability of the methodology to characterize processes with fast surface kinetics is demonstrated by the study of the proton-promoted dissolution of calcite single crystals. The approach allows the accurate determination of the near-interface concentration of all species during dissolution, as well as the intrinsic dissolution rate constant of the {104} faces, showing that surface kinetics play an important role in the dissolution process. Overall, this methodology provides a significant advance in the analysis and understanding of dissolution processes at a single crystal level, revealing the intrinsic properties of crystal faces and providing a powerful platform from which future studies can be developed.

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Schafer, Adam G. L. "Investigating High School Chemistry Teacher Assessment Beliefs and Practices During Assessment Design and Interpretation of Assessment Results." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1585931518315268.

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Liu, Yuanli. "Development of Cross-reactive Sensors Array: Practical Approach for Ion Detection in Aqueous Media." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1345428697.

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Amoush, Siham al [Verfasser], Ingo [Akademischer Betreuer] Eilks, and Verena [Akademischer Betreuer] Pietzner. "Jordanian chemistry (student) teachers' beliefs about chemistry teaching and their views on educational reform / Siham Al-Amoush. Gutachter: Ingo Eilks ; Verena Pietzner. Betreuer: Ingo Eilks." Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2012. http://d-nb.info/107199347X/34.

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Gonzalez, Ines M. "THEORETICAL STUDY OF THE STRUCTURES AND ENERGETICS OF AROMATIC CLUSTERS: DEVELOPMENT OF RELIABLE AND PRACTICAL THEORETICAL MODELS FOR INTERMOLECULAR POTENTIALS." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1164652307.

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Ayas, Alipasa. "A study of teachers and students views of the upper secondary chemistry curriculum and students understanding of introductory chemistry concepts in the east Black-Sea region of Turkey." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239534.

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Calero, Adolfo Eberhard. "An Investigation of Fertilizer-Derived Uranium in Ohio Agricultural Soils." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587651244115868.

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Doyle, Steven Doyle. "Relationships Between Cropping Practices, Soil Quality, and Maize (Zea mays L) Yield in Morogoro Region, Tanzania." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1528987286318244.

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Pabuccu, Aybuke. "Improving 11th Grade Students&#039." Phd thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12609912/index.pdf.

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The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of instruction based on 5E learning cycle model over traditionally instruction on students&
#8217
understanding of acid-base concepts. Also, the effect of instruction on students&
#8217
attitude toward chemistry as a school subject and the effect of gender difference on understanding of acid-base concepts and attitudes toward chemistry were investigated. During the second semester of 2007-2008, 130 eleventh grade students from six classes of two different high schools attended this study. The classes were randomly assigned as control and experiment groups. Students in the control groups were instructed by traditional instruction whereas students in the experimental groups were taught by 5E model. Attitude Scale Toward Chemistry as a School Subject and Acid-Base Concept Test were administered as a pre and post-tests. In addition, Science Process Skill Test and Views on Science-Technology-Society instrument was utilized. The hypotheses were tested by using two-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results revealed that 5E Model caused a significantly better understanding of acids and bases than the traditional instruction. In addition, these models of instruction developed the similar attitude toward science as a school subject. Science process skill was a strong predictor in understanding the concepts. On the other hand, no significant effect of gender difference on understanding the acids and bases and on students&
#8217
attitudes toward chemistry as a school subject was found. The results of Views on Science-Technology-Society gave a picture of the students&
#8217
views on nature of science.

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Books on the topic "Views on chemistry practicals"

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Simple views on condensed matter. 3rd ed. River Edge, NJ: World Scientific, 2003.

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Simple views on condensed matter. Singapore: World Scientific, 1998.

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Simple views on condensed matter. Singapore: World Scientific, 1992.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Green Chemistry Research and Development Act of 2004: Report together with minority views (to accompany H.R. 3970) (including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office). [Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 2004.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Green Chemistry Research and Development Act of 2004: Report together with minority views (to accompany H.R. 3970) (including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office). [Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 2004.

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Science, United States Congress House Committee on. Green Chemistry Research and Development Act of 2004: Report together with minority views (to accompany H.R. 3970) (including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office). [Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 2004.

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Rastogi, K. N. Chemistry Practicals. A.B.D. Publishers, 2005.

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Laboratory Practicals (Chemistry). Addison Wesley, 2000.

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Waddling/Robin. Chemistry Practicals (Blackline Masters Pack). Longman Schools Division (a Pearson Education company), 1985.

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Laboratory Practicals (Prentice Hall Chemistry). Prentice Hall, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Views on chemistry practicals"

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Boothe, Thomas E., and Ali M. Emran. "Role of Current Good Manufacturing Practices in Establishment of Quality Assurance for in-House Radiopharmaceuticals." In Chemists’ Views of Imaging Centers, 157–68. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9670-4_19.

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Turner, B. E. "Current Views on Astrochemistry." In Physics and Chemistry of Small Clusters, 915–30. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0357-3_122.

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Klein, Douglas J. "Semiempirical valence bond views for benzenoid hydrocarbons." In Topics in Current Chemistry, 57–83. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-51505-4_18.

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Emran, Ali M. "Chemistry, Radiochemistry and Applications of Potassium Isotopes." In Chemists’ Views of Imaging Centers, 297–303. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9670-4_33.

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Clark, John C., Keith Dowsett, Colin J. Steel, and David R. Turton. "The Hammersmith Philosophy for PET Chemistry Automation." In Chemists’ Views of Imaging Centers, 431–43. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9670-4_47.

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Sevian, Hannah, and Astrid M. W. Bulte. "Learning Chemistry to Enrich Students’ Views on the World they Live In." In Relevant Chemistry Education, 55–78. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-175-5_4.

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Lefebvre, R. "Intense Field Molecular Photodissociation: The Adiabatic Views." In Frontiers in Quantum Methods and Applications in Chemistry and Physics, 135–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14397-2_8.

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Batchelor, Colin, Christian Y. A. Brenninkmeijer, Christine Chichester, Mark Davies, Daniela Digles, Ian Dunlop, Chris T. Evelo, et al. "Scientific Lenses to Support Multiple Views over Linked Chemistry Data." In The Semantic Web – ISWC 2014, 98–113. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11964-9_7.

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Wipff, G., and J. M. Wurtz. "Dynamic Views of Macrocyclic Receptors: Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Normal Modes Analysis." In The Jerusalem Symposia on Quantum Chemistry and Biochemistry, 1–26. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3075-9_1.

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Chen, Hui-Jung, and Mei-Hung Chiu. "Changes in Teachers’ Views of Cognitive Apprenticeship for Situated Learning in Developing a Chemistry Laboratory Course." In Chemistry Education and Sustainability in the Global Age, 221–31. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4860-6_19.

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Conference papers on the topic "Views on chemistry practicals"

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Lull, Cristina, Inmaculada Bautista, Antonio Lidón, and José Luis López-Paz. "LEARNING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN CHEMISTRY LABORATORY PRACTICALS." In 13th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies. IATED, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2021.1069.

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Weiland, Steven, and Jennifer Dean. "Lessons from Ithaka S+R on Research Practices in the Disciplines: What Have We Learned? What Should We Do?" In Charleston Library Conference. Purdue Univeristy, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317203.

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It is a byword of the study of academic research that disciplines mean differences. The series of studies underway at Ithaka S+R (with library partners) shows how scholars and scientists understand “Changing Research Practices.” The project’s goal is to guide libraries toward the most fruitful forms of support for research, enhancing the scholarly workflow according to disciplinary routines and innovations. Launched in 2012, nine reports have been published thus far, with others planned or anticipated. The disciplines range from history to public health, from chemistry to Asian Studies. The interview-based studies show how scholars manage their methods, and the opportunities and obstacles they face as the availability of resources in several media expand and research technologies evolve. The Ithaka S+R studies represent a unique collective portrait of scholars at work, loyal to research conventions but encountering new tools for inquiry. The reports help us understand how disciplinary habits shape expectations and experience, and what might be done to serve scholars working at change in research practices, particularly the introduction of new technologies. The reports are seen against the backdrop of views among library leaders and librarians themselves about the evolution of the liaison role, including how it can be fitted to the needs of scholars in an evolving research environment.

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Carda-Broch, Samuel, Josep Esteve-Romero, Juan Peris-Vicente, Jaume Albiol-Chiva, Mar Esteve-Amorós, María José Ruiz-Ángel, María-Teresa Doménech-Carbó, and Dolores Yusá-Marco. "DESIGN OF THE LABORATORY SCRIPT BY THE STUDENTS IN CHEMISTRY PRACTICALS: ANALYSIS OF WATER." In 12th International Technology, Education and Development Conference. IATED, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/inted.2018.0490.

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Esteve-Romero, Josep, Juan Peris-Vicente, Jaume Albiol-Chiva, Samuel Carda-Broch, María José Ruiz-Angel, and Mar Esteve-Amorós. "ORAL EXPOSITION OF LABORATORY PRACTICALS BY THE STUDENTS IN THE SUBJECT "ADVANCED LABORATORY IN CHEMISTRY"." In International Technology, Education and Development Conference. IATED, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/inted.2017.0293.

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Wilk, Dariusz. "FORENSIC CHEMISTRY IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDING IN POLAND IN VIEWS OF EXPERTS." In 6th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES and ARTS Proceedings. STEF92 Technology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2019v/1.1/s02.016.

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Liu, Heng, Yue Chen, Fuping Li, Hui Liu, and Shunlong Yang. "The Chemistry Experience Summary During the Engineering Commissioning Period of Fujian Ningde Nuclear Power Plant." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-67040.

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In chemical researchers view, hot functional test is a verification of the Nuclear Power Plant before first fuel loading and commercial operation, which is the preparation for staffs, documents, instruments and sampling systems. So, chemistry department should use its own language, knowledge and experience to express their thoughts and what they have seen during the engineering commissioning period. As the first commercial operation nuclear power plant after Fukushima nuclear accident, during the four units commissioning period, chemical researchers accumulated a lot of good experience and feedbacks in the aspect of construction and commissioning for new nuclear power plant. For example, in order to ensure the personnel skill level, we must make special plans which include staff training, laboratory construction, instrument and on-line system commissioning, and all of these should be timely adjusted and changed in order to be consistent with the engineering progress. In order to ensure the water quality of pipe flushing in different stages, such as cold functional test, hot functional test, we should set a strictly water chemical standard which based on the HAF103, and the standard should have some differences in different stage for one unit. In order to ensure the water chemistry in good performance especially after the unit going into commercial operation, the maintenance plan for equipment and system must be formulated, and then, a detailed monitoring plan must be executed. At the same time, a strict system flushing controlling mode can also provide a great benefits for water chemistry quality, especially in the period of start-up. In addition to these above experiences, chemistry researchers of Ningde nuclear power plant also accumulated a lot of good practices and feedbacks about dealing with some abnormal water quality activities, which can’t be founded in commercial operation unit. For example, the aluminum (Al) content in the primary increased rapidly and beyond the specification limits in hot functional test and so on. This article will share the good practices and feedbacks of the first phase of Fujian Ningde nuclear power plant. We hope these good practices and experience feedbacks can provide good reference for the other new nuclear plants in the stage of design, construction, operation and maintenance in the future.

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Perini, Federico, Anand Krishnasamy, Youngchul Ra, and Rolf D. Reitz. "Computationally Efficient Simulation of Multi-Component Fuel Combustion Using a Sparse Analytical Jacobian Chemistry Solver and High-Dimensional Clustering." In ASME 2013 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2013-19039.

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The need for more efficient and environmentally sustainable internal combustion engines is driving research towards the need to consider more realistic models for both fuel physics and chemistry. As far as compression ignition engines are concerned, phenomenological or lumped fuel models are unreliable to capture spray and combustion strategies outside of their validation domains — typically, high-pressure injection and high-temperature combustion. Furthermore, the development of variable-reactivity combustion strategies also creates the need to model comprehensively different hydrocarbon families even in single fuel surrogates. From the computational point of view, challenges to achieving practical simulation times arise from the dimensions of the reaction mechanism, that can be of hundreds species even if hydrocarbon families are lumped into representative compounds, and thus modeled with non-elementary, skeletal reaction pathways. In this case, it is also impossible to pursue further mechanism reductions to lower dimensions. CPU times for integrating chemical kinetics in internal combustion engine simulations ultimately scale with the number of cells in the grid, and with the cube number of species in the reaction mechanism. In the present work, two approaches to reduce the demands of engine simulations with detailed chemistry are presented. The first one addresses the demands due to the solution of the chemistry ODE system, and features the adoption of SpeedCHEM, a newly developed chemistry package that solves chemical kinetics using sparse analytical Jacobians. The second one aims to reduce the number of chemistry calculations by binning the CFD cells of the engine grid into a subset of clusters, where chemistry is solved and then mapped back to the original domain. In particular, a high-dimensional representation of the chemical state space is adopted for keeping track of the different fuel components, and a newly developed bounding-box-constrained k-means algorithm is used to subdivide the cells into reactively homogeneous clusters. The approaches have been tested on a number of simulations featuring multi-component diesel fuel surrogates, and different engine grids. The results show that significant CPU time reductions, of about one order of magnitude, can be achieved without loss of accuracy in both engine performance and emissions predictions, prompting for their applicability to more refined or full-sized engine grids.

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Saji, G., V. A. Yurmanov, V. I. Baranenko, V. A. Fedorova, G. Karzov, and B. T. Timofeev. "Fundamental Mechanisms of Component Degradation by Corrosion in Nuclear Power Plants of Russian Design." In 16th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone16-48308.

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By focusing on NPPs of Western design (e.g. PWR and BWR), the first author (G. Saji) has established that ‘long cell action’ corrosion plays a pivotal role in practically all unresolved corrosion issues for all types of nuclear power plants as presented in a series of papers already published (1–9). The authors believe that a similar study of NPPs of Russian design, with their unique scientific and technological basis compared to Western plants, are important to illustrate that this mechanism can occur even with different materials, welding technology or operation (e.g. water chemistry control). Among all the differences, it is important to note that PWSCC per se does not seem to be occurring in VVER plants, although no specific reason has yet to be identified. In this paper, a detailed electrochemical assessment is first made on the behavior of ammonia-potassium water chemistry and structural materials at the normal operational temperature in the primary water of VVERs. The chemical and electrochemical characteristics of the ammonia in VVERS were found to be significantly different from those of PWRs which use the hydrogen water chemistry. However, the water chemistry of RBMK is not fundamentally different from that of the Western BWR and therefore the previous studies on SCC of BWRs are generally applicable. On the bases of these studies, various corrosion issues commonly experienced in NPPs of Russian design (VVER and RBMK) are briefly reviewed. They include: (i) pitting corrosion in un-clad VVER-440 RV; (ii) corrosion cracking at the transition welding joints of RV nozzles and piping; (iii) corrosion issues in PGV-440 steam generator collectors; (iv) steam generator tube and collector corrosion; (v) IGSCC in RBMK with austenitic steel piping; (vi) FAC (E-C) in the secondary system of VVERs; and (vii) Anomalous corrosion products sedimentation in the core region in some VVERs. Since the long cell action hypothesis does not seem to contradict the various corrosion activities being experienced in NPPs of Russian design, the first author invites further study on the potential involvement of this mechanism since this hypothesis provides new insight into many of the unresolved corrosion issues. More specifically, the VVERs’ ammonia-potassium water chemistry has theoretically been identified as playing a key role in the prevention of PWSCC, which is one of the most troublesome mechanism of corrosion degradation in many Western PWRs. In view of this significance, the authors proposed an urgent international joint initiative to prove or disprove this mechanism’s existence in nuclear power systems.

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Shi, You, Dong Ning, and Yi-zhong Yang. "Qualification Requirements Design for Neutron Absorber Plate for Spent Fuel Racks in Domestic Nuclear Power Plants." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-66256.

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Boron Carbide (B4C) particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite is the key material for use as neutron absorber plate in spent fuel storage racks as well as new fuel and in-containment fuel storage racks for GENIII advanced passive nuclear power plants in China. This material has once depended upon importing with high expense and restricted delivery schedule by foreign supplier. Therefore it has meaningful practical significance to realize the localized manufacturing for this material in China. More importantly, since it’s the first time for this material to be used in domestic plant, particular care should be taken to assure the formal supplied neutron absorber material products exhibit high stabilized and reliable service in domestic nuclear engineering. This paper initiates and proposes a principle design framework from technical view in qualification requirements for this neutron absorber material so as to guide the practical engineering application. Aiming at neutron absorber materials supplied under practical manufacturing condition in engineering delivery, the qualification requirements define B4C content, matrix chemistry, 10B isotope, bulk density, 10B areal density, mechanical property and microstructure as key criteria for material performance. The uniformity assessment as to different locations of this material is also required from at least three lots of material. Only qualified material meeting all of the qualification requirements should proceed to be verified by lifetime testing such as irradiation, corrosion and thermal aging testing. Systematic and comprehensive performance assessments and verification for process stabilization could be achieved through the above qualification. The long-term service for this neutron absorber material in reliable and safe way could be convincingly expected in spent fuel storage application in China.

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Sanger, Michael J. "Is Inquiry-Based Instruction Good for Elementary Teaching Majors? The Effects on Chemistry Content Knowledge and Views About Teaching and Learning Science." In 2006 PHYSICS EDUCATION RESEARCH CONFERENCE. AIP, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2508677.

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