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Journal articles on the topic 'Vigilance and sustained attention'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 December 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Dewar, Alexis R., Nicholas W. Fraulini, Victoria L. Claypoole, and James L. Szalma. "Performance in Vigilance Tasks is Related to Both State and Contextual Motivation." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 60, no. 1 (2016): 1145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601268.

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Vigilance, or sustained attention, is the ability to maintain attention to stimuli over a prolonged period of time. Synonymous with the study of sustained attention is the vigilance decrement, which is a decline in performance as a function of time on task. In the present study, we examined the effects of state motivation (i.e., motivation measured immediately prior to the task) and context-based motivation (i.e., motivation that stems from task instructions) on vigilance performance in a sensory-based vigilance task. Forty-three participants completed a 24-minute vigilance task, as well as me

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Eisert, Jesse, Francesco Di Nocera, Carryl Baldwin, et al. "Vigilance and Fatigue." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 60, no. 1 (2016): 1563–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601361.

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Many everyday tasks, such as driving and reading technical reports, require sustained attention. These tasks may deplete attentional resources and/or lead to mind wandering, boredom and fatigue – cognitive states that result in impaired performance. Numerous competing theories exist to explain these performance decrements. In this panel, we will examine perspectives from both the fatigue and vigilance literatures, identifying points of common ground and differences in an attempt to further understand the underpinnings of performance decrements in tasks that require sustained attention. Experts

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Liu, Jia, Yongjie Zhu, Hongjin Sun, Tapani Ristaniemi, and Fengyu Cong. "Sustaining Attention for a Prolonged Duration Affects Dynamic Organizations of Frequency-Specific Functional Connectivity." Brain Topography 33, no. 6 (2020): 677–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10548-020-00795-0.

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Abstract Sustained attention encompasses a cascade of fundamental functions. The human ability to implement a sustained attention task is supported by brain networks that dynamically formed and dissolved through oscillatory synchronization. The decrement of vigilance induced by prolonged task engagement affects sustained attention. However, little is known about which stage or combinations are affected by vigilance decrement. Here, we applied an analysis framework composed of weighted phase lag index (wPLI) and tensor component analysis (TCA) to an EEG dataset collected during 80 min sustained

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Neigel, Alexis R., Yu Miao, Nicole Montagna, Cristina A. Chirino, and James L. Szalma. "Individual Differences in Achievement Motivation are related to Vigilance Performance." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 61, no. 1 (2017): 1298–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601807.

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Vigilance, or sustained attention, tasks require observers to attend to information over a prolonged period of time. One individual difference that may be associated with sustained attention performance is achievement motivation, given recent findings in the literature that indicate a relationship between human motivation and attention. Fifty-nine participants were randomly assigned to either a cognitive or sensory vigilance task. The present study indicated that individuals high in achievement motivation detected more critical signals and made fewer false alarms in the cognitive vigilance tas

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Lawrence, Natalia S., Thomas J. Ross, Ray Hoffmann, Hugh Garavan, and Elliot A. Stein. "Multiple Neuronal Networks Mediate Sustained Attention." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 15, no. 7 (2003): 1028–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089892903770007416.

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Sustained attention deficits occur in several neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms are still incompletely understood. To that end, functional MRI was used to investigate the neural substrates of sustained attention (vigilance) using the rapid visual information processing (RVIP) task in 25 healthy volunteers. In order to better understand the neural networks underlying attentional abilities, brain regions where task-induced activation correlated with task performance were identified. Performance of the RVIP task activated a network of frontal, parietal

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Laurie-Rose, Cynthia, Lori M. Curtindale, and Meredith Frey. "Measuring Sustained Attention and Perceived Workload." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 59, no. 1 (2017): 76–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018720816684063.

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Objective: We examined the effects of spatial uncertainty, field dependence/independence (FD/I), and sex on vigilance performance and perceived workload in elementary school children. Background: Building on previous work in which children demonstrated their ability to evaluate workload, we tested whether spatial-uncertainty manipulations in a vigilance task would elicit in children the same deleterious effects on performance and workload as it does with adults. We also examined individual difference effects associated with FD/I and sex to determine their influence on both performance and work

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Desmond, P. A., G. Matthews, and J. Bush. "Sustained Visual Attention during Simultaneous and Successive Vigilance Tasks." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 45, no. 18 (2001): 1386–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120104501815.

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8

Oken, B. S., M. C. Salinsky, and S. M. Elsas. "Vigilance, alertness, or sustained attention: physiological basis and measurement." Clinical Neurophysiology 117, no. 9 (2006): 1885–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2006.01.017.

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9

Berardi, Raja Parasuraman, James V., Annamaria. "Overall Vigilance and Sustained Attention Decrements in Healthy Aging." Experimental Aging Research 27, no. 1 (2001): 19–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610730126014.

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Berardi, Annamaria, Raja Parasuraman, and James V. Haxby. "Overall Vigilance and Sustained Attention Decrements in Healthy Aging." Experimental Aging Research 27, no. 1 (2001): 19–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/036107301750046124.

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11

Dember, William N., Joel S. Warm, W. Todd Nelson, Karen G. Simons, Peter A. Hancock, and Jonathan P. Gluckman. "The Rate of Gain of Perceived Workload in Sustained Attention." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 37, no. 19 (1993): 1388–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/107118193784162371.

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Perceived workload was measured via the NASA TLX following a visual vigilance task. Five task durations (10, 20, 30, 40, or 50 min) were combined factorially with two levels of discrimination difficulty (easy, hard) in a between groups design. Detection probability, computed from the final 10 min of watch in each duration condition, varied inversely with signal salience and declined over time. Overall workload varied directly with salience and increased linearly over time. The temporal growth in perceived workload was independent of signal salience. This result suggests that the rate of gain i

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12

Fuermaier, Anselm B. M., Lara Tucha, Nana Guo, et al. "It Takes Time: Vigilance and Sustained Attention Assessment in Adults with ADHD." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 9 (2022): 5216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095216.

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Objectives: The present study compares the utility of eight different tests of vigilance and sustained attention in the neuropsychological examination of adults with Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: Thirty-one adults diagnosed with ADHD performed eight tests for vigilance and sustained attention, spread over three assessment days. Results: Adults with ADHD showed cognitive impairments in most tests and test variables, even though their sensitivity differed greatly. No specific type of test variable stands out to be the most sensitive, and no evidence for a differential

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Fuermaier, Anselm B. M., Lara Tucha, Nana Guo, et al. "It Takes Time: Vigilance and Sustained Attention Assessment in Adults with ADHD." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 9 (2022): 5216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095216.

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Objectives: The present study compares the utility of eight different tests of vigilance and sustained attention in the neuropsychological examination of adults with Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: Thirty-one adults diagnosed with ADHD performed eight tests for vigilance and sustained attention, spread over three assessment days. Results: Adults with ADHD showed cognitive impairments in most tests and test variables, even though their sensitivity differed greatly. No specific type of test variable stands out to be the most sensitive, and no evidence for a differential

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Bahri, Toufik. "Covert Orienting of Attention Controls Vigilance Decrement at Low Event Rate." Perceptual and Motor Skills 79, no. 1 (1994): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1994.79.1.83.

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Factors controlling sustained visual orienting were investigated by combining the paradigms of covert orienting and vigilance. Analysis suggests a close relationship between orienting of attention and vigilance which is dependent on the event rare during the vigilance task. At a low event rate both facilitatory and inhibitory effects of orienting are found. Vigilance decrement is related to the accumulation of inhibition over time, supporting Posner, et al.'s 1984 theory. Invalid cues reduce the decrement. At a high event rate, however, neither facilitation nor inhibition effects are reliable,

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Melrose, Amber, Ximena J. Nelson, Yinnon Dolev, and William S. Helton. "Vigilance all the way down: Vigilance decrement in jumping spiders resembles that of humans." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 72, no. 6 (2018): 1530–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021818798743.

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The inability to maintain signal detection performance with time on task, or vigilance decrement, is widely studied in people. Despite suggestions that limitations in sustained attention may be a fundamental characteristic of animal cognition, there has been limited research on the vigilance decrement in other animals. We conducted two experiments to explore vigilance in jumping spiders. Our first experiment established that the vigilance decrement, decline in signal detections with time on task, occurs in these spiders in laboratory settings. Our second experiment tested whether this phenomen

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16

Benitez, Viridiana L., and Matthew K. Robison. "Pupillometry as a Window into Young Children’s Sustained Attention." Journal of Intelligence 10, no. 4 (2022): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence10040107.

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Sustained attention is critical to cognition, social competence, and academic success. Importantly, sustained attention undergoes significant development over the early childhood period. Yet, how sustained attention fluctuates over time on task has not been clearly outlined, particularly in young children. In this study, we provide a first test of whether the pupillary response can be used as an indicator of moment-to-moment sustained attention over time on task in young children. Children aged 5 to 7 years (N = 41) completed a psychomotor vigilance task, where they were asked to press a butto

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Borghetti, Lorraine, Megan B. Morris, L. Jack Rhodes, Ashley R. Haubert, and Bella Z. Veksler. "Gamma Oscillations Index Sustained Attention in a Brief Vigilance Task." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 65, no. 1 (2021): 546–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181321651122.

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Sustained attention is an essential behavior in life, but often leads to performance decrements with time. Computational accounts of sustained attention suggest this is due to brief disruptions in goal-directed processing, or microlapses. Decreases in gamma spectral power are a potential candidate for indexing microlapses and discriminating between low and high performers in sustained attention tasks, while increases in beta, alpha, and theta power are expected to exhibit compensatory effort to offset fatigue. The current study tests these hypotheses in a 10-minute Psychomotor Vigilance Test,

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Szalma, James L. "Individual Differences in the Stress and Workload of Sustained Attention." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 46, no. 12 (2002): 1002–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120204601201.

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The effects of individual differences in dispositional pessimism and optimism, and choice of coping strategy, on performance, stress, and workload in vigilance tasks were investigated. Prior research indicated that pessimistic observers performed more poorly and experienced higher levels of stress than optimists. in addition, coping strategies employed by observers have been linked to the stress and workload associated with a variety of tasks. To date, no one has examined the relations among these variables in regard to vigilance within one study. Pessimism and optimism were found to be unrela

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Tucha, Lara, Oliver Tucha, Susanne Walitza, et al. "Vigilance and Sustained Attention in Children and Adults With ADHD." Journal of Attention Disorders 12, no. 5 (2009): 410–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054708315065.

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20

Bushnell, Philip J. "Sustained attention and vigilance: a reply to Sarter and McGaughy." Psychopharmacology 138, no. 3-4 (1998): 263–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002130050670.

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21

Craig, Curtis M., and Martina I. Klein. "The Abbreviated Vigilance Task and Its Attentional Contributors." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 61, no. 3 (2019): 426–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018720818822350.

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Objective: To measure contributing attentional processes, particularly that of executive attention, to two iterations of the abbreviated vigilance task. Background: Joel Warm was at the forefront of vigilance research for decades, and resource theory is currently the dominant explanation for the vigilance decrement. The underlying mechanisms contributing to both overall performance and the decrement are only partly understood. Method: Seventy-eight participants answered questionnaires about their attentional skills and stress state, performed the Attention Network Test and two blocks of the 12

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Dailey, N. S., A. C. Raikes, M. E. Wager, M. A. Grandner, A. Alkozei, and W. D. Killgore. "0227 The Compounding Impact of Daytime Sleepiness and Brain Injury on Sustained Vigilance." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (2020): A88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.225.

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Abstract Introduction Daytime sleepiness is among the most frequent self-reported complaints by individuals who have sustained a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Previous research demonstrates reduced vigilance and processing speed following mTBI. It has yet to be determined, however, if sustaining a mTBI alone, or the combination of daytime sleepiness and brain injury more greatly impacts cognitive function. The goal of this preliminary analysis was to determine the association between vigilance, daytime sleepiness, and mTBI. Methods A total of 137 adults (Mage = 24.89±7.2; 83 females) par

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Hansen, D. A., A. N. Hudson, D. Lawrence-Sidebottom, G. Maislin, and S. Miquel. "0208 The Effect of Mastication on Psychomotor Vigilance Performance." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (2020): A81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.206.

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Abstract Introduction Sustained attention is important for optimal neurobehavioral performance, but many biological and environment factors (e.g., circadian rhythm, distraction) may cause sustained attention deficits. Mastication (chewing) has been suggested to provide a countermeasure to sustained attention deficits. To investigate this, we conducted a randomized, within-subjects, cross-over study of sustained attention with a mastication condition and a control condition. Methods N=58 adults (ages 18–45; 38 females) completed a 5h in-laboratory study. Subjects entered the laboratory at 09:00

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Hitchcock, Edward M., William N. Dember, Joel S. Warm, Brian W. Moroney, and Judi E. See. "Effects of Cueing and Knowledge of Results on Workload and Boredom in Sustained Attention." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 41, no. 2 (1997): 1298–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181397041002127.

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Two accounts of the recently reported high workload associated with vigilance tasks (Warm, Dember, & Hancock, 1996) are the direct-cost and indirect-cost views. The former attributes this effect to the need for continuous observing in discriminating signals from noise; the latter attributes the effect to combating the boredom associated with vigilance tasks. These opposing views were tested by providing monitors with reliable cueing which rendered observing necessary only when low probability critical signals were imminent. On the basis of the direct-cost model, it was anticipated that cue

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Huang, Huimin, Rui Li, and Junsong Zhang. "A review of visual sustained attention: neural mechanisms and computational models." PeerJ 11 (June 13, 2023): e15351. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15351.

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Sustained attention is one of the basic abilities of humans to maintain concentration on relevant information while ignoring irrelevant information over extended periods. The purpose of the review is to provide insight into how to integrate neural mechanisms of sustained attention with computational models to facilitate research and application. Although many studies have assessed attention, the evaluation of humans’ sustained attention is not sufficiently comprehensive. Hence, this study provides a current review on both neural mechanisms and computational models of visual sustained attention

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Szalma, J. L., T. N. Schmidt, G. W. L. Teo, and P. A. Hancock. "Vigilance on the move: video game-based measurement of sustained attention." Ergonomics 57, no. 9 (2014): 1315–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2014.921329.

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Schoenfeld, Victoria S., and Mark W. Scerbo. "Search Differences for the Presence and Absence of Features in Sustained Attention." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 41, no. 2 (1997): 1288–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181397041002125.

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The present study examined the ability of individuals to look for the presence or absence of stimulus features in a vigilance paradigm. Forty participants monitored a computer display comprised of either 2 or 5 circles for 40 min. Half of the participants were instructed to respond when a line was present in one of the circles, and the other half responded when the line was absent from one of the circles. Although performance declined throughout the vigil in all conditions, the overall level of performance was dependent upon both display size and type of signal. Specifically, performance was w

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Lara, Tania, Enrique Molina, Juan Antonio Madrid, and Ángel Correa. "Electroencephalographic and skin temperature indices of vigilance and inhibitory control." Psicológica Journal 39, no. 2 (2018): 223–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/psicolj-2018-0010.

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AbstractNeurophysiological markers of the ability to sustain attention and exert inhibitory control of inappropriate responses have usually relied on neuroimaging methods, which are not easily applicable to real-world settings. The current research tested the ability of electroencephalographic and skin temperature markers to predict performance during the Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART), which demands vigilance and inhibitory control. In Experiment 1, we recorded the electroencephalogram (EEG) during the performance of SART and found that event-related potentials underlying inhibit

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Killgore, William D. S., Athena P. Kendall, Jessica M. Richards, and Sharon A. McBride. "Lack of Degradation in Visuospatial Perception of Line Orientation after One Night of Sleep Loss." Perceptual and Motor Skills 105, no. 1 (2007): 276–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.105.1.276-286.

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Sleep deprivation impairs a variety of cognitive abilities including vigilance, attention, and executive function. Although sleep loss has been shown to impair tasks requiring visual attention and spatial perception, it is not clear whether these deficits are exclusively a function of reduced attention and vigilance or if there are also alterations in visuospatial perception. Visuospatial perception and sustained vigilance performance were therefore examined in 54 healthy volunteers at rested baseline and again after one night of sleep deprivation using the Judgment of Line Orientation Test an

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Bahri, Toufik, and Taha Amir. "Effect of Hashish on Vigilance Performance." Perceptual and Motor Skills 78, no. 1 (1994): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1994.78.1.11.

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A group of 11 hashish users were compared with 11 controls on a visual sustained attention (vigilance) task. Analysis indicated that hashish use affected subjects' sensitivity. Subjects who used hashish responded in an indiscriminate manner, making more false alarms (8.7) than controls (2.6). The importance of vigilance in the assessment of adverse effects of hashish is discussed.

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Gool, Jari K., Ysbrand D. van der Werf, Gert Jan Lammers, and Rolf Fronczek. "The Sustained Attention to Response Task Shows Lower Cingulo-Opercular and Frontoparietal Activity in People with Narcolepsy Type 1: An fMRI Study on the Neural Regulation of Attention." Brain Sciences 10, no. 7 (2020): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10070419.

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Vigilance complaints often occur in people with narcolepsy type 1 and severely impair effective daytime functioning. We tested the feasibility of a three-level sustained attention to response task (SART) paradigm within a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) environment to understand brain architecture underlying vigilance regulation in individuals with narcolepsy type 1. Twelve medication-free people with narcolepsy type 1 and 11 matched controls were included. The SART included four repetitions of a baseline block and two difficulty levels requiring moderate and high vigilance. Outcome measures

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Chien, Yi-Ling, Susan Shur-Fen Gau, Yen-Nan Chiu, Wen-Che Tsai, Chi-Yung Shang, and Yu-Yu Wu. "Impaired sustained attention, focused attention, and vigilance in youths with autistic disorder and Asperger's disorder." Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders 8, no. 7 (2014): 881–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2014.04.006.

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Bahri, Toufik. "Variability of Facilitation and Inhibition as a Function of Cue Validity and Cue-Stimulus Intervals in the Orienting of Sustained Attention." Perceptual and Motor Skills 84, no. 3 (1997): 1027–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1997.84.3.1027.

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45 subjects performed a cued vigilance task in which location cues were presented at intervals of 150, 350, or 550 msec. before the display of the stimulus, that is, three cue-stimulus intervals. Targets preceded by valid location cues led to a normal decrement in vigilance over time, whereas targets preceded by invalid location cues produced an increment in sensitivity ( d'). The results suggested that under certain conditions shifts of attention may enhance vigilance.

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Botella, Juan, María José Contreras, Pei-Chun Shih, and Víctor Rubio. "Two Short Tests Fail to Detect Vigilance Decrements." European Journal of Psychological Assessment 17, no. 1 (2001): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027//1015-5759.17.1.48.

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Summary: Deterioration in performance associated with decreased ability to sustain attention may be found in long and tedious task sessions. The necessity for assessing a number of psychological dimensions in a single session often demands “short” tests capable of assessing individual differences in abilities such as vigilance and maintenance of high performance levels. In the present paper two tasks were selected as candidates for playing this role, the Abbreviated Vigilance Task (AVT) by Temple, Warm, Dember, LaGrange and Matthews (1996) and the Continuous Attention Test (CAT) by Tiplady (19

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Sinclair, Kelly L., Jennie L. Ponsford, Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam, and Clare Anderson. "Sustained attention following traumatic brain injury: Use of the Psychomotor Vigilance Task." Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 35, no. 2 (2013): 210–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2012.762340.

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Ballard, Joan C. "Computerized assessment of sustained attention: A review of factors affecting vigilance performance." Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 18, no. 6 (1996): 843–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01688639608408307.

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Kljajić, Marizela, Giovanni Maltese, Peter Tarnow, Peter Sand, and Lars Kölby. "Sustained attention and vigilance of children treated for sagittal and metopic craniosynostosis." Child Neuropsychology 26, no. 4 (2019): 475–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2019.1682130.

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Sauter, Cornelia, Heidi Danker-Hopfe, Erna Loretz, Josef Zeitlhofer, Peter Geisler, and Roland Popp. "The assessment of vigilance: normative data on the Siesta sustained attention test." Sleep Medicine 14, no. 6 (2013): 542–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2013.01.011.

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Claypoole, Victoria L., Grace E. Waldfogle, Alexis R. Neigel, and James L. Szalma. "Exploring the Effects of Extraversion on Social Facilitation and Vigilance Task Performance." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 62, no. 1 (2018): 1216–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931218621279.

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Vigilance, or sustained attention, is the ability to maintain attention for extended periods of time. Recently, research on vigilance has focused on identifying individual differences and task design factors that may improve cognitive-based vigilance performance. One such factor is social facilitation, which leads to improved task performance when at least one individual is present. But, relatively little is known about the personality factors, such as extraversion or introversion, which may influence the effects of social presence, and in turn affect vigilance performance. Given this gap in t

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Musgrove, Michael D., and J. G. Hollands. "Stimulus Mapping and Memory Load Effects on the Vigulance Decrement across Multiple Sessions." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, no. 22 (2000): 859–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004402294.

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Performance often degrades over time in a vigilance task where an operator must identify critical signals. An extensive effort has been made to determine the mechanism underlying this vigilance decrement. Sustained demand theory proposes that high attentional demand sustained over the course of the vigil extracts a toll in fatigue, leading to the decrement. However, since an observer typically searches for one consistent target in a vigilance situation, results from dual-processing studies would suggest that automatic processing (Schneider & Shiffrin, 1977) should develop over time, and pe

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Minnick, Mark R., Koraly E. Pérez-Edgar, and José A. Soto. "A Disruption in the Balance of Attentional Systems Plays a Role in Trait Anxiety." Brain Sciences 10, no. 10 (2020): 761. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100761.

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Elevated levels of anxiety are associated with attentional threat biases and inefficient attentional control, with the latter requiring sustained cognitive effort. The current study assessed self-reported and behavioral evidence of attentional functioning, along with electrodermal activity (EDA; measured via changes in skin conductance level [SCL reactivity]) as an index of sympathetic arousal, to examine whether these vulnerabilities are evident among individuals with elevated trait anxiety (non-clinical). Fifty-nine participants completed a working memory span task measuring attentional cont

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Claypoole, Victoria L., Alexis R. Dewar, Nicholas W. Fraulini, and James L. Szalma. "Effects of Social Facilitation on Perceived Workload, Subjective Stress, and Vigilance-Related Anxiety." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 60, no. 1 (2016): 1169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601274.

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Vigilance, or sustained attention, refers to the capability of an individual to maintain attention to a stimulus over extended periods of time. Typically, vigilance tasks are associated with high levels of workload and stress, which manifests as less task engagement, and greater distress. Several factors have been shown to affect vigilance and its associated workload and stress (i.e. signal saliency, task difficulty, etc.). However, one factor that has been neglected in previous research on workload, stress, and anxiety is the presence of someone in a supervisory role during the task. Therefor

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EGELAND, JENS, SUSANNE NORDBY JOHANSEN, and TORILL UELAND. "Differentiating between ADHD sub-types on CCPT measures of sustained attention and vigilance." Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 50, no. 4 (2009): 347–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2009.00717.x.

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MONTGOMERY, JAMES W., JULIA L. EVANS, and RONALD B. GILLAM. "Relation of auditory attention and complex sentence comprehension in children with specific language impairment: A preliminary study." Applied Psycholinguistics 30, no. 1 (2009): 123–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716408090061.

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ABSTRACTWe investigated the relation of two dimensions of attentional functioning (sustained auditory attention and resource capacity/allocation) and complex sentence comprehension of children with specific language impairment (SLI) and a group of typically developing (TD) children matched for age. Twenty-six school-age children with SLI and 26 TD peers completed an auditory continuous performance task (ACPT, measure of sustained attention), a concurrent verbal processing-storage task (measure of resource capacity/allocation), and a picture pointing comprehension task. Correlation analyses wer

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Hancock, Peter A. "On the Nature of Vigilance." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 59, no. 1 (2017): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018720816655240.

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Objective: I explore the origins, theoretical underpinnings, applications, and importance of vigilance in a world ever more dominated by semiautomated, automated, and autonomous machines. Background: The empirical genesis of vigilance is taken as a case study in the etiology of the application of the behavioral sciences to the human culture of technology. The subsequent taxonomic ordering and theoretical clarification of its causal antecedents are set in the overall context of contemporary human–machine systems research. Method: The methods exercised in this work are historical analysis and in

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Waldfogle, Grace E., Michaela R. Hagerty-Koller, Lindsey R. Lane, Allison E. Garibaldi, and James L. Szalma. "Exploring Sex Differences in Vigilance Performance with Knowledge of Results." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 63, no. 1 (2019): 1321–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181319631130.

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Vigilance, also referred to as sustained attention, is the ability to maintain attention for extended periods of time while monitoring for, oftentimes, critical signals. In attempt to aid performance decrements in vigilance tasks, previous research has examined the effects of knowledge of results (KR). In essence, KR provides feedback on performance, and is argued to enhance the understanding of task structure and motivation to complete the task successfully. However, relatively little is known about how individual differences, such as observer sex, influence KR effects in vigilance. In the pr

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Rothlind, Johannes C., Michael I. Posner, and Elizabeth A. Schaughency. "Lateralized Control of Eye Movements in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 3, no. 4 (1991): 377–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.1991.3.4.377.

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How does a complex syndrome that involves abnormalities in impulse control and sustained attention influence simple oculomotor responses to visual stimuli? We found that normal children, like adults, were faster in moving their eyes in directions controlled by the right cerebral hemisphere under conditions where there was no warning of the impending target. ADHD children did not show this asymmetry. We speculate that this result reflects a deficit in the vigilance network that serves to maintain the alert state.

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Mar, Corinne M., David A. Smith, and Martin Sarter. "Behavioural Vigilance in Schizophrenia." British Journal of Psychiatry 169, no. 6 (1996): 781–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.169.6.781.

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BackgroundDespite 30 years of research, some surprisingly fundamental gaps remain in our understanding of schizophrenic input dysfunctions.MethodIn a provisional test of a ‘hyperattention’ hypothesis, schizophrenic patients and control subjects performed a behavioural test that was adapted from a paradigm originally developed for characterising vigilance or sustained attention in animals. On this computerised operant testing procedure, subjects discriminated between signals of various salience and non-signal presentations. Hits and correct rejections resulted in monetary rewards while misses a

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Hitchcock, Edward M., Joel S. Warm, William N. Dember, et al. "Effects of Signal Salience and Cueing on Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity during Sustained Attention." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, no. 21 (2000): 3–382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004402101.

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Transcranial Doppler sonography*** a low-cost noninvasive procedure which allows continuous monitoring of blood flow in the left and right middle cerebral arteries, was employed while participants performed a 40-min vigil. Two levels of signal salience (high and low) were combined factorially with four conditions in which monitors were forewarned about the imminent arrival of critical signals (100%, 80%, and 40% reliable cueing and a no-cue control). For both levels of signal salience, the frequency of signal detections remained stable over time in the 100% cue-reliability condition but declin

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Wohleber, Ryan W., Gerald Matthews, Jinchao Lin, et al. "Vigilance and Automation Dependence in Operation of Multiple Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS): A Simulation Study." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 61, no. 3 (2018): 488–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018720818799468.

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Objective: This simulation study investigated factors influencing sustained performance and fatigue during operation of multiple Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS). The study tested effects of time-on-task and automation reliability on accuracy in surveillance tasks and dependence on automation. It also investigated the role of trait and state individual difference factors. Background: Warm’s resource model of vigilance has been highly influential in human factors, but further tests of its applicability to complex, real-world tasks requiring sustained attention are necessary. Multi-UAS operation di

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