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Academic literature on the topic 'VIH (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine) – Dissertations universitaires comme sujet'
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Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'VIH (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine) – Dissertations universitaires comme sujet.'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "VIH (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine) – Dissertations universitaires comme sujet"
Caufour, Philippe. "Implication des lymphocytes T CD8+ dans la physiopathologie de l'infection par le virus de l'immunodéficience humaine : étude de la primo-infection du macaque par le virus de l'immunodéficience simienne." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05CD06.
Full textWakrim, Lahcen. "Développement d'un modèle d'infection du macaque par le virus de l'immunodéficience humaine de type 2 : approche physiopathologique et vaccinale." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05A002.
Full textRey, Marie-Anne. "Caractérisation et étude de la maturation des glycoprotéines de l'enveloppe de deux virus de l'immunodéficience humaine de type 2 (VIH-2) et du virus de l'immunodéficience simienne (VIS mac)." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA11A003.
Full textLaguette, Nadine. "Impact de la protéine Nef du VIH-1 sur le trafic intracellulaire de CD4 et le pouvoir infectieux des particules virales." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05T034.
Full textHIV-1 Nef accelerates progression towards immunodeficiency in vivo. During my thesis we explored two of the most conserved functions of Nef: (i) CD4 downregulation in HIV-1 target cells and (ii) viral infectivity enhancement. Interference of Nef with the endocytic machinery causes CD4 cell surface downregulation. However, CD4 trafficking is governed by different rules in the target cells of the infection: in myeloid cells CD4 is rapidly internalized from the cell surface whilst in lymphoid cells, CD4 is stabilized at the cell surface through interaction with the tyrosine kinase p56lck. In this study, we show that Nef increases CD4 internalization rate only in cells that express p56lck. Therefore Nef uses different mechanisms to downregulate CD4 from the cell surface of myeloid and lymphoid cells. To date, the relative contribution of the functions of Nef during viral biogenesis and upon arrival in the target cells to the Nef dependent increase of viral infectivity, have not been deciphered yet. We designed fusion proteins that allowed the manipulation of the amount of Nef in producer cells and incorporated into viral particles. This study allowed us to determine that the incorporation of Nef into viral particles is not sufficient to cause an increase of viral infectivity. Nef must therefore exert functions, during viral biogenesis, that are crucial for the infectivity of nascent viral particles
Casse, Céline. "Etude de l'activation paradoxale de la transcription a partir du promoteur du ltr-vih-1 par les inhibiteurs de la transcription." Paris 5, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA05S001.
Full textBäyon-Auboyer, Marie-Hélène. "Etude de la variabilite moleculaire du gene env du vih-2 chez le macaque infecte experimentalement." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05S006.
Full textHoeffel, Guillaume. "Présentation d'antigènes du VIH aux lymphocytes T par les cellules dendritiques humaines : présentation croisée, optimisation vaccinale." Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA077211.
Full textDendritic cells (DC) are the only antigen presenting cells able to stimulate naive T lymphocytes. Upon HIV infection, they are crucial to initiate adaptive immune responses that control viral replication. We have shown the transfer of HIV antigens to DC from live infected CD4 T cells. These antigens were presented as efficiently as those from apoptotic infected CD4 T cells and much more effïciently than those from free HIV particles. We also showed the antigenic potential of HTV gag mRNA transfected DC. These results may be important in developing new therapies against provirus from resting cells that represent an important viral reservoir difficult to eradicate. To improve preventive vaccination, we compared the vaccinal vectors MV (measles), MVA, Ad5 and BCG, all encoding the HlV-1lai gag gene. We showed that the viral vectors induced an incomplete DC maturation, whereas BCG induces complete maturation but high levels of IL 10. We were able to restore these missing properties by using specific TLR agonists. Finally, we demonstrated that plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) can cross-present a vaccinal lipopeptide and HIV antigens from infected, apoptotic CD4 T cells. Cross-presentation by pDC might lead to tolerance in vivo in the absence of an appropriate stimulation. We show here that stimulation with Influenza virus enhances effector responses induced by cross presentation by pDC. These results will hopefully be useful in designing new vaccination strategies against HIV
Bouchet, Jérôme. "Inhibition de la protéine nef du VIH-1 par un fragment d'anticorps simple-chaîne de lama." Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05T011.
Full textWhile it is established that HIV-1 Nef is essential for virus replication and AIDS pathogenesis, this viral protein is not targeted by antiviral strategies. The functions of Nef are largely related to perturbations of intracellular trafficking and signaling pathways, through leucine-based and poly-proline motifs required for interactions with clathrin-associated adaptor protein complexes and the phagocyte-specific kinase Hck, respectively. Here, we describe the full inhibitory activity of artificial Nef ligands, Neffins, comprised of modified SH3 domains fused to an anti-Nef single-domain antibody. The Neffins inhibited key activities of Nef, including Nef-mediated CD4 and MHC-I cell surface down-regulation and enhancement of virus infectivity. When expressed in macrophages, Neffins inhibited Nefinduced formation of multinucleated giant cells and podosome rosettes, and counteracted the inhibitory activity of Nef on phagocytosis. Since we show here that these effects of Nef on macrophage functions were both dependent of the leucine-based and poly-proline motifs, we confirmed that the Neffins were able to disrupt interactions of Nef with both AP complexes and Hck. These results demonstrate that it is possible to inhibit all functions of Nef, both in T lymphocytes and macrophages, with a single ligand that represents an efficient tool to develop new antiviral strategies targeting Nef
Nora, Tamara. "La diversité génétique et phénotypique des populations virales issues de patients infectés par VIH - 1." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA077187.
Full textDuring my thesis, we developed a new technique for study the genetic diversity of HIV. This method is based on the isolation of infectious clonal viruses directly resulting from single plasma-derived infections events. A comparison of the genomic sequences of clonal viruses from six patients demonstrated strong evidence for extensive recombinaison in vivo, showed that recombination could increase the diversity of drug resistant genotypes and reveals that recombination contributes to the generation and preservation of the HIV-1 diversity. The isolation of clonal viral populations from five different patients permits to evaluate the phenotypic properties of Env proteins exprimed by clonal viruses. Even when comparaisons were restricted to viruses from a same patient with similar tropism, genetically diverses Env proteins exhibited a remarkable fonctionnal diversity, included a wide range of infectivities for a given target cell, differences in their relative ability to infect different target cells and differences in sensibility to inhibition by some entry inhibitors. No correlation was observed between viral infectivity and inhibition by entry inhibitors, indicating that theses properties can be dissociated
Bouziane, Ouartini Mohammed. "Inhibition de l'integration de l'adn du vih1 par des oligonucleotides intercalants formant des triples helices." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05S009.
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