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Academic literature on the topic 'VIH (virus) – Épidémiologie – Cameroun'
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Journal articles on the topic "VIH (virus) – Épidémiologie – Cameroun"
Cacoub, P., and S. Pol. "Co-infection par le virus de l'immunodéficience humaine (VIH) et le virus de l'hépatite C (VHC) : épidémiologie, gravité, nouveaux aspects thérapeutiques." La Revue de Médecine Interne 26, no. 4 (April 2005): 267–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.revmed.2004.12.007.
Full textAnkouane, F., D. Noah Noah, M. M. Atangana, R. Kamgaing Simo, P. R. Guekam, and M. Biwolé Sida. "Séroprévalence des virus des hépatites B et C, du VIH-1/2 et de la syphilis chez les donneurs de sang de l’hôpital central de Yaoundé, région du centre, Cameroun." Transfusion Clinique et Biologique 23, no. 2 (May 2016): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tracli.2015.11.008.
Full textJacky, Njiki Bikoï, Ndom Paul, Mupang Lilian, and Aghokeng Demanou Sylvie. "Séroprévalence du virus de l’herpès humain-8 chez des patients VIH positif à l’hôpital général de Yaoundé - Cameroun." Pan African Medical Journal 20 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2015.20.69.5671.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "VIH (virus) – Épidémiologie – Cameroun"
Mbiaga, Cyrille. "Contributions méthodologiques à une analyse de la dynamique socio-spatiale des infections à VIH en Afrique centrale : régions de Batouri (Cameroun), Berberati (Centrafrique)." Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX30088.
Full textLaurent, Christian. "Spécificités de l'infection par le Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine en Afrique subsaharienne et conséquences pour la prise en charge : à propos d'étude menées au Sénégal et au Cameroun entre 1996 et 2002." Bordeaux 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR21002.
Full textVessière, Aurélia. "Caractérisation virologique des doubles infections et des formes recombinantes par les VIH-1 du groupe M et du groupe O au Cameroun : conséquences épidémiologiques, diagnostics et thérapeutiques." Paris 5, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA05T062.
Full textHIV-1 is divided into 4 groups: M (major), O (outlier), N (non-M non-O) and P. Among these groups, recombination is an extremely frequent phenomenon, playing a major role in the diversification of the HIV epidemic. Recombination results from strand switching between the two viral RNA molecules during the reverse transcription step. Thus, multiple infections, by generating heterodiploïd virions, are the prerequisite to recombination. In Central Africa and in Cameroon in particular, all HIV-1 groups circulate and M+O dual infections have been reported. Despite the great genetic divergence between the two groups, three cases of M/O recombinants were described in Cameroonian patients with no epidemiological link. For two of them, recombination involved the vpr gene that could represent a preferential site for M/O intergroup recombination. The transmission and circulation capacities of such forms, that appear to be extremely rare, are unknown. The objective of this work was to develop and validate serological and molecular tools for the detection of M/O recombinants in the vpr gene in patients dually infected by HIV-1 group M (HIV-M) and HIV-1 group O (HIV-O) in Cameroon. Dual infections were screened using a serotyping strategy bases on two gp120/V3 antigens representative of groups M and O. For dually reactive samples, a competitive assay (GSEIA) was developed to eliminate non specific cross-reactivities. Presence of HIV-M and O genomes was confirmed with group specific PCRs targeting the pol and env regions. Finally, a group specific PCR flanking the vpr gene was developed to detect recombinants. This algorithm implemented at Centre Pasteur du Cameroun allowed us to identify 5 M/O recombinants, with a vpr breakpoint for 4 of them. Three vpr recombinants were associated with a HIV-M+O dual infection or a HIV-M infection. Some M/O recombinants were detected in the absence of associated dual infections, of which one in a Cameroonian patient living in France, suggesting transmitted cases. This work underlines the complexity of the detection of M/O recombinants that requires the combination of serological and molecular tools targeting different regions of the genome, in particular for transmitted recombinants. Our results confirm the importance of the vpr gene in M/O recombination phenomena. The great genetic variability of HIV-O strains could have consequences on therapeutic management of patients infected with a M/O recombinant. The risk for emergence of M/O circulating recombinant forms has to be evaluated through an epidemiological surveillance in Cameroon but also in countries having a link with this region
Ndziessi, Gilbert. "Impact des traitements antirétroviraux sur le risque de transmission sexuelle du VIH en Afrique Subsaharienne : le cas du Cameroun." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM5016/document.
Full textTo evaluate the evolution and factors associated with sexual behavior among PLWHA exposed to antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa. Data collected as part of a randomized trial conducted in nine rural district hospitals in Cameroon. 459 PLWHA eligible for treatment included and followed for 24 months. Mixed effects logistic regression used to analyze factors associated with different response variables studied. Proportion of patients sexually active increased from 32% at baseline to 56% after 24 months of treatment. An additional 6 months increase of the time since initiation of treatment increase in 30% the probability of reporting sexual activity. Proportion of patients with sexual risk behavior (SRB) decreased significantly from 76% at baseline to 66% at 24 months and patient obervants to treatment were less likely to report CSR. Proportion of patients likely to transmit HIV through sexual intercourse (STVIH) decrease from 76% at baseline to 27% after 24 months of HAART. Analyses shown that increasing in 6 months of time since initiation of treatment reduced STVIH by 66%. My dissertation show a positive impact of ART on sexual activity, CSR and STVIH among PLWHA, suggesting a positive effect of exposure to HAART on the prevention of sexual transmission of HIV. However, the potential risk of transmission of HIV persists requiring strengthening risk reduction interventions in HAART access programs
Tagnouokam, Ngoupo Paul Alain. "Fréquence et profil génétique des doubles infections VIH-1/M+O et formes recombinantes VIH-1/MO au Cameroun." Rouen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ROUENR11.
Full textFrequency and genetic profile of HIV-1/M+0 dual infections and HIV-1/1V10 recombinant forms circulating in Cameroon Despite the great genetic divergence between the pandemic HIV-1/M and non pandemic HIV-1/0, four HIV-1/MO intergroup recombinants have been reported in 1999 and 2010. In Cameroon, the co-circulation of two groups (M and 0) provides an ideal environment for HIV-1/MO recombination to occur. In a previous work, we reported new dual infections and six HIV-LIMO putative recombinant forms, associated to or not to dual infections. However, this study had some epidemiological and technical limitations. In the present study, we aimed to estimate the frequency and to characterize genetic profiles of HIV-1/M+0 dual infections, as well as HIV-11M0 recombinant forms in Cameroon. From March 2013 to June 2015, 275 HIV infected patients from Centre Pasteur of Cameroon were included in the study, based on serotyping test, enabling to distinguish HIV serotypes M, 0 and M+0. HIV-1/M and HIV-1/0 specific PCR were further performed in the pol and env genes, in order to confirm serological reactivities, and to detect pollenv discordance, characteristic of putative recombinants. In the likelihood of M+0 dual infections and/or presence of MO recombinant, a breakpoint in the vpr gene, considered a hotspot of recombination was investigated. Finally, full length genomes of recombinants were characterized and genetic link with previous recombinants was investigated by phylogenetic analyses. Among the 275 patients, 199 (72. 4%) were HIV-1/M mono-reactive, 47(17. 1%) HIV-1/0 mono-reactive, and 29 (10. 5%) were M+0 dual reactive. HIV-1/M+0 dual infections were identified in 4 patients (1. 4%), and the presence of recombinants forms in 3 patients (1. 1%). The first recombinant form was detected in a husband and his wife, and was not associated to dual infection, and the second recombinant form was associated to a parental HIV-1/M virus. Full length genomes characterization identified recombinant breakpoints in the vpr gene and the LTR region for the first recombinant form, and in the vpu gene and the LTR region for the second form. No link between these recombinants and previous recombinants was found. HIV-1/M subtypes and HIV-1/0 sub-groups were concordant with the present molecular epidemiology of HIV infection in Cameroon, that is, the predominance of CRF02_AG and HIV-1/0 sub-group H. Geographical origins of patients with HIV-1/M+0 dual infections and HIV-1/M0 recombinants showed that they were from five administrative regions of Cameroon. In this study, we described seven new cases of HIV-1/M+0 dual infections and HIV-1/MO recombinants, thus confirming the co-circulation of these forms in Cameroon. Even though their frequency remains low, these forms are found in different geographical regions of Cameroon, pointing out their diffusion potential. We also characterized full length genomes of two new HIV-1/MO recombinants, and identified breakpoints in vpr and vpu genes as well as LTR regions. No link between these recombinants and previous recombinants was found, showing the circulation of multiple URFs, and the great dynamic evolution between HIV-1/M and HIV-1/0. It is therefore, necessary to improve the surveillance of HIV-11M0 recombinant forms in Cameroon, in order to detect potential emergence of a CRF_MO, and to further study their virological and phenotypic properties
Sobesky, Milko. "Epidémiologie de l'infection par le virus de l'immunodéficience humaine de type 1 en Guyane française." Rennes 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998REN1B028.
Full textAghokeng, Fobang Avelin. "Diversite génétique des lentivirus humains et simiens au Cameroun : implication pour la santé publique." Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20008.
Full textVan, Heuserswyn Fran. "Diversité génétique, prévalence et distribution géographique des lentivirus de chimpanzés et gorilles sauvages au Cameroun : implications pour l'origine de VIH-1." Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20098.
Full textChimpanzees and SIVsmm infecting sooty mangabeys, are considered to be the immediate source of HIV-1 and HIV-2 respectively. However, information about the prevalence, distribution and genetic diversity of SIVcpz in their primate hosts in the wild was very limited, and evidence for the existence of a virus reservoir was lacking. In this thesis, we aimed to identify and characterize SIVs circulating among great ape species in Cameroon and to identify the natural reservoirs of HIV-1. Using non-invasive sampling methods, we identified the West central African chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) as the natural reservoir of HIV type 1. We traced the origin of HIV-1 M (pandemic) and HIV-1 N (non-pandemic) to geographically isolated chimpanzee communities in southeast and south central Cameroon respectively. For the first time, we identified viruses closely related to HIV-1 group O, designated SIVgor, in wild Western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla). Phylogenetic analyses, however, indicated that chimpanzees are likely to be the original reservoir of these gorilla viruses. In spite of the close relationship between the identified SIVgor strains and HIV-1 group O, they are still too divergent to represent the immediate precursor of this group of HIV-1. These data show that chimpanzees and also gorillas in Cameroon represent a potential source of human infection. The non-invasive survey of wild ape populations was therefore not only indispensable for identifying the primate origin of HIV-1, but also for ensuring that additional reservoirs of human immunodeficiency viruses are not missed. The V3 peptides of the newly identified SIVcpz and SIVgor strains will be of particular use to investigate whether additional SIVcpz and SIVgor transmissions to humans have occurred but have gone unrecognized
Rabaud, Christian. "La toxoplasmose au cours de l'infection par le Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine : épidémiologie descriptive et facteurs prédictifs." Nancy 1, 2000. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2000_0305_RABAUD.pdf.
Full textLang, Sylvie. "Les facteurs de risque de l’infarctus du myocarde chez les sujets infectés par le virus de l’immunodéficience humaine." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066027.
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