Relevant bibliographies by topics / Vinyl acetate. Emulsion polymerization. Polyvinyl alcohol

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Academic literature on the topic 'Vinyl acetate. Emulsion polymerization. Polyvinyl alcohol'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Vinyl acetate. Emulsion polymerization. Polyvinyl alcohol"

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Schlappa, Stephanie, Lee Josephine Brenker, Lena Bressel, Roland Hass, and Marvin Münzberg. "Process Characterization of Polyvinyl Acetate Emulsions Applying Inline Photon Density Wave Spectroscopy at High Solid Contents." Polymers 13, no. 4 (February 23, 2021): 669. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13040669.

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The high solids semicontinuous emulsion polymerization of polyvinyl acetate using poly (vinyl alcohol-co-vinyl acetate) as protective colloid is investigated by optical spectroscopy. The suitability of Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy as inline Process Analytical Technology (PAT) for emulsion polymerization processes at high solid contents (>40% (w/w)) is studied and evaluated. Inline data on absorption and scattering in the dispersion is obtained in real-time. The radical polymerization of vinyl acetate to polyvinyl acetate using ascorbic acid and sodium persulfate as redox initiator system and poly (vinyl alcohol-co-vinyl acetate) as protective colloid is investigated. Starved–feed radical emulsion polymerization yielded particle sizes in the nanometer size regime. PDW spectroscopy is used to monitor the progress of polymerization by studying the absorption and scattering properties during the synthesis of dispersions with increasing monomer amount and correspondingly decreasing feed rate of protective colloid. Results are compared to particle sizes determined with offline dynamic light scattering (DLS) and static light scattering (SLS) during the synthesis.
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Gadhave, Ravindra V., Prakash A. Mahanwar, and Pradeep T. Gadekar. "Starch Stabilized Polyvinyl Acetate Emulsion: Review." Polymers from Renewable Resources 9, no. 2 (May 2018): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/204124791800900203.

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The Increasing global energy crisis and scarcity of petroleum resources has shifted the focus of the hemical industries to look for alternative raw material resources. The main focus of raw materials in wood adhesives, such as petroleum and natural gas [1,2], would be gradually replaced by renewable bio-resource polymers. Starch is a relatively an inexpensive and renewable product from abundant plants, easy processing and it has been extensively used as paper binders, sizing materials, glues and pastes [3], but its bonding capacity is not strong enough to glue substrate like wood, paper. Conventionally available wood adhesive emulsions are colloid like polyvinyl alcohol stabilized. A new research on biodegradable, renewable, environmentally friendly starch stabilized polyvinyl acetate emulsion that was synthesized by the graft polymerization of vinyl acetate onto starch. In this paper, we reviewed starch as colloid for synthesis of polyvinyl acetate emulsion.
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Mu, Rui, Li Li Dai, Shu Li Fan, and Ai Min Deng. "Study of Epoxy Resin Emulsion by Emulsion Graft Polymerization." Advanced Materials Research 299-300 (July 2011): 98–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.299-300.98.

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In the paper, the emulsion graft polymerization is used to prepare stable epoxy resin emulsion by vinyl acetate and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as emulsification stabilizer. It is studied for the influence on the properties of emulsion by temperature and dosages of functional monomer, acrylamide and acrylic acid, and initiator. The results show that the optimal conditions: reactive temperature is 75°C, acrylic acid is 2%~4%(mass concentration), acrylamide is 2%~4%(mass concentration) and initiator is 0.7%~0.8%(mass concentration).
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Shaffer, O. L., V. Dimonie, M. S. El-Aasser, and J. W. Vanderhoff. "Morphology study of polyvinyl acetate latex by etching with PTA." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 47 (August 6, 1989): 366–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100153804.

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Transmission electron microscopy has been used extensively for studying the morphology of latex particles. Special techniques have been developed such as preferential staining with osmium tetroxide (OsO4), ruthenium tetroxide (RuO4), freeze fracturing, microtoming and negative staining with phosphotungstic acid (PTA). The purpose of this study is to develop a new technique using PTA as an etching agent for poly(vinyl acetate)(PVAc) latex.Several latexes were prepared by both batch and semicontinuous emulsion polymerization with poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA) as a stabilizer. Three types of PVA were used, high molecular weight Elvanol 52-40(DuPont) and Vinol 540(Air Products), and low molecular weight Vinol 205(Air Products). All the alcohols were partially hydrolyzed. A PVAc soap free(no PVA) latex was also prepared. To etch the particles one drop of latex was diluted in approximately one ml of 2% aqueous PTA. The volume of latex used depended upon the solids content of the latex and the size of the particles. The PTA latex dispersions were sampled at several intervals.
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QIAO, Jinzhong, Qiaoling ZHANG, and Yuan CHENG. "SYNTHESIS OF HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT POLYVINYL ALCOHOL BY MINI-EMULSION POLYMERIZATION OF VINYL ACETATE." Acta Polymerica Sinica 007, no. 2 (December 4, 2009): 124–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1105.2007.00124.

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Jaya, Adam, M. A. Elita Hafizah, A. Manaf, and Andreas Andreas. "THE INFLUENCE OF SURFACTANT AND PROTECTIVE COLLOID ON POLYVINYL ACETATE EMULSION SYNTHESIZED BY EMULSION POLYMERIZATION TECHNIQUE." Spektra: Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya 5, no. 3 (December 31, 2020): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/spektra.053.01.

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A series of experiments have been carried out and reported. This report describes the stages of the polymerization reaction during emulsion Polyvinyl Acetate (PVAc) synthesis. PVAc was synthesized from the Vinyl Acetate Monomer (VAM) with Ammonium Peroxydisulphate (APS) as an inorganic thermal initiator in the aqueous media under reaction temperature was keep at 65 until 75oCs by agitation speed was 300 rpm respectively during 4 hours of reaction time. The protective colloid agents and several types of surfactants were added to improve the obtained emulsion PVAc performance. The polymerization reaction was carried out without the addition of a protective colloid agent. The surfactants were produced the emulsion PVAc with the properties of solid content 0.89%, density 1.02 g/ml, viscosity 0.0033 Poise, pH 2.8, conductivity 12 ms, respectively. While the polymerization reaction involved protective colloid agents by using Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVOH) was obtained properties of emulsion PVAc with Solid Content 4.36%, density 1.17 g/ml, viscosity 0.0216 Poise, pH 2.8, and conductivity 10 ms respectively. The same thing was shown when the surfactant was present in the polymerization reaction. The emulsion PVAc was synthesized with nonionic surfactant has solid content 8.20%, density 1.17 g/ml, viscosity 0.0099 Poise, pH 2.8, and conductivity 7 ms, the result is better rather than synthesized with anionic surfactant has solid content 2.65%, density 1.13 g/ml, viscosity 0.0068 Poise, pH 2.8, and conductivity 11 ms. According to the preliminary observations obtained, emulsion PVAc’s appearance is better when the protective colloid agents and the surfactant is present rather than without additional those substances. The physical properties of emulsion were depended on the addition of protective colloid agents and surfactants. In addition, the complete reaction indicated by solid content value was obtained from emulsion when the additional substances were present. All the testing parameters were observed using Viscometer Ostwald, Pycnometer, pH Meter, FTIR Spectrophotometer, Conductometer, and another supporting testing to explain the polymerization reaction stage of synthesis emulsion PVAc.
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Chang, Ai Rong. "Preparation and Study of Polyvinyl Alcohol Fiber." Applied Mechanics and Materials 727-728 (January 2015): 227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.727-728.227.

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The preparation of polyvinyl alcohol fibers mainly consists of three steps: 1. The polymerization of vinyl acetate. Need the preparation of vinyl acetate and polymerization of vinyl acetate. The polymerization of vinyl acetate uses acetylene method and ethylene method.2. Preparation of PVA. Mainly to let the polyvinyl acetate taking alcoholysis reaction to the effect of methanol or sodium hydroxide. 3. Preparation of polyvinyl alcohol fiber. Complete dope preparation through washing and dehydration, dissolving, mixing, filtering and deaeration, and uses the dry, wet two methods to form the spinning. Finally, through the follow-up processing, to accomplish the preparation of polyvinyl alcohol fiber. Water soluble and high concentration polyvinyl alcohol fiber ‘s performances are fine and is application widely.
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Aprilian, Rafly, Mas Ayu Elita Hafizah, Azwar Manaf, and Andreas. "Conversion Enhancement of Vinyl Acetate Monomer to Polyvinyl Acetate Emulsion through Emulsion Polymerization Method." Materials Science Forum 1028 (April 2021): 263–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1028.263.

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Synthesis of Polyvinyl Acetate (PVAc) through the conversion of Vinyl Acetate Monomer (VAM) was carried out by emulsion polymerization method assisted by thermal initiator Ammonium persulfate (APS) under reaction temperature was kept at 70 °C – 80 °C with 5 hours of reaction time and agitation speed at 300 rpm. The polymerization reaction was running used batch process technique where is all components were mixed all together simultaneously. A set of polymerization reactions was conducted when the absence of surfactant and cationic and amphoteric surfactant presence. The monomer chain's double bond was found at 1645 cm-1 was measured by FTIR Spectrophotometer did not disappear after polymerization reaction was utterly done. The spectrum FTIR of Polyvinyl acetate did not explicitly found at 1644 cm-1. During the reaction, characterization was conducted by measuring the solid content value where the maximum solid content was achieved was 6,1 % when using Amphoteric surfactant while the lowest solid content was obtained when the absence of surfactant. Other parameters were conducted to observe the acidity value by pH Meter.
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Gilmore, C. M., G. W. Poehlein, and F. J. Schork. "Modeling poly(vinyl alcohol)-stabilized vinyl acetate emulsion polymerization. I. Theory." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 48, no. 8 (May 20, 1993): 1449–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1993.070480814.

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Carrà, Stefano, Andrea Sliepcevich, Alessandro Canevarolo, and Sergio Carrà. "Grafting and adsorption of poly(vinyl) alcohol in vinyl acetate emulsion polymerization." Polymer 46, no. 4 (February 2005): 1379–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2004.11.061.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Vinyl acetate. Emulsion polymerization. Polyvinyl alcohol"

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Lange, Hanna. "Emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate with renewable raw materials as protective colloids." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-41019.

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Emulsion polymerizations of vinyl acetate (VAc) were performed by fully or partially replacing poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with renewable materials as protective colloids or by adding renewable materials, as additives or fillers, to the emulsions during or after polymerization. The purpose of the study was to increase the amount of renewable materials in the emulsion. A total of 19 emulsions were synthesized. Different recipes were used for the synthesis. The following renewable materials were studied; hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) with different molecular weights, starch and proteins. HEC and starch were used as protective colloids. Proteins were used as additives or fillers. Cross-linking agent A and Cross-linking agent B were used as cross-linking agents. A total of 26 formulations were pressed, either cold or hot. The synthesized emulsions were evaluated with respect to pH, solids content, viscosity, minimum film formation temperature (MFFT), glass transition temperature (Tg), particle size and molecular weight (Mw). The tensile shear strengths of the emulsions were evaluated according to EN 204 and WATT 91. It was possible to fully, or partially, replace PVA as protective colloid with renewable materials. It was also possible to use renewable materials as additives or fillers in the emulsions. The emulsions obtained properties that differed from the reference. Generally, emulsions with HEC as protective colloid showed lower viscosity and slightly higher MFFT, Tg and molecular weight than emulsions with PVA as protective colloid. Larger particle sizes than the reference were obtained for emulsions containing PVA combined with renewable materials. The emulsion with starch as protective colloid exhibited the largest particle size. 10 formulations passed the criteria for D2. The emulsions where PVA was fully or partially replaced with HEC or starch showed a water resistance similar to the reference (around D2). The addition of protein did not decrease the water and heat resistance compared to the reference. Addition of protein after polymerization increased the water resistance (D2) compared to addition during polymerization. Addition of cross-linking agents did not increase the water resistance further. Two formulations passed the criteria for D3. The emulsion in the first formulation had PVA as protective colloid and protein B was added during polymerization. The emulsion in the second formulation had HEC as protective colloid. To both of these emulsions, protein A was added after polymerization, as a filler, combined with Cross-linking agent B as cross-linking agent before hot pressing. The first formulation also showed a good heat resistance (passed the criteria for WATT 91).
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Budhlall, Bridgette M. S. "Grafting reactions in the emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate using poly(vinyl alcohol) as emulsifier /." Diss., 1999. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:9955141.

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Wu, Ming-Siou, and 吳明修. "The Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Emulsion Reactor for Vinyl Acetate Ethylene Latex and Quality Analysis of Polyvinyl Alcohol." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/qx4xe4.

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Book chapters on the topic "Vinyl acetate. Emulsion polymerization. Polyvinyl alcohol"

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Carrà, St, L. Malcovati, A. Sliepcevich, G. Storti, and S. Carrà. "Stabilization Mechanisms in Vinyl Acetate Emulsion Polymerization Stabilized by Poly(vinyl alcohol)." In ACS Symposium Series, 198–220. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2002-0801.ch015.

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Suzuki, A., M. Yano, T. Saiga, K. Kikuchi, and T. Okaya. "Study on the initial stage of emulsion polymerization of vinyl monomers using poly(vinyl alcohol) as a protective colloid – comparison between vinyl acetate (VAc) and methyl methacrylate (MMA)." In Aqueous Polymer Dispersions, 27–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b12131.

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Suzuki, A., M. Yano, T. Saiga, K. Kikuchi, and T. Okaya. "Study on the initial stage of emulsion polymerization of vinyl monomers using poly(vinyl alcohol) as a protective colloid – comparison between vinyl acetate (VAc) and methyl methacrylate (MMA)." In Aqueous Polymer Dispersions, 27–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36474-0_6.

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"Polyvinyl Acetate Latex Specifications." In Vinyl Acetate Emulsion Polymerization and Copolymerization with Acrylic Monomers. CRC Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420038804.ax5.

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"Solubility of Polyvinyl Acetate in Various Solvents." In Vinyl Acetate Emulsion Polymerization and Copolymerization with Acrylic Monomers. CRC Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420038804.ax4.

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"Factors Affecting the Final Properties of Polyvinyl Acetate- Based Latices." In Vinyl Acetate Emulsion Polymerization and Copolymerization with Acrylic Monomers, 285–308. CRC Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420038804-11.

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"Factors Affecting the Final Properties of Polyvinyl Acetate-Based Latices." In Vinyl Acetate Emulsion Polymerization and Copolymerization with Acrylic Monomers. CRC Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420038804.ch8.

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