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Academic literature on the topic 'Vinyl acetate/versatate'
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Journal articles on the topic "Vinyl acetate/versatate"
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Wu, X. Q., X. M. Hong, Cajetan Cordeiro, and F. J. Schork. "Miniemulsion and macroemulsion copolymerization of vinyl acetate with vinyl versatate." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 85, no. 10 (2002): 2219–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.10839.
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Kovalenko, Yurii, Volodymyr Tokarchuk, Svitlana Kovalenko, and Oleksandr Vasylkevych. "Identifying the influence of redispersed polymers on cement matrix properties." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 4, no. 6(118) (2022): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.262438.
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The physical-mechanical influence and chemical effect of calcium formate, vinyl acetate/versatate, and vinyl-acrylate copolymer on the processes of solidification, hardening, and structure formation of the cement matrix were studied during the research reported here. The compositions of mixtures containing additives in the amount of 1, 3, and 5 wt % were investigated. Noteworthy is the water-holding nature of vinyl acetate/versatate and vinyl-acrylate copolymer. With the introduction of appropriate additives, an increase in working time of the mixtures is noted, which was manifested in prolonging the end time of solidification duration. Calcium formate reduced the end time of solidification duration with an increase in the content of the additive. During 28 days of hardening, a decrease in strength gain was observed with an increase in the content of the additive compared to control samples. At 1 wt % of the additive, the decline in strength on day 28 was 8.7 % for calcium formate, 13 % for versatate, and 15.5 % for vinyl-acrylate copolymer. For versatate and vinyl acrylate with the addition of 3 and 5 wt % in the mixture, the loss of strength is 23–25 % and 27–56.7 %, respectively. 5 wt % calcium formate admixture, compared to 3 wt %, on day 7 and day 28 of hardening has a higher strength index. This nature of the effect of additives is explained by the formation of polymer structures throughout the volume of the mixture with the introduction of versatate and copolymer vinyl acrylate, as well as their chemical interaction with the components of the cement binder during hydration in the formed alkaline medium. Calcium formate plays the role of both a filler and a hardening accelerator due to the introduction of an additional amount of calcium ions. The reported results can be used as a basis for continuing to study the effect of redispersed additives on the durability of cement articles, the development of new formulations for building mixtures, and their potential use in the production of concrete.
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Yurii, Kovalenko, Tokarchuk Volodymyr, Kovalenko Svitlana, and Vasylkevych Oleksandr. "Identifying the influence of redispersed polymers on cement matrix properties." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 4, no. 6 (118) (2022): 38–45. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.262438.
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The physical-mechanical influence and chemical effect of calcium formate, vinyl acetate/versatate, and vinyl-acrylate copolymer on the processes of solidification, hardening, and structure formation of the cement matrix were studied during the research reported here. The compositions of mixtures containing additives in the amount of 1, 3, and 5 wt % were investigated. Noteworthy is the water-holding nature of vinyl acetate/versatate and vinyl-acrylate copolymer. With the introduction of appropriate additives, an increase in working time of the mixtures is noted, which was manifested in prolonging the end time of solidification duration. Calcium formate reduced the end time of solidification duration with an increase in the content of the additive. During 28 days of hardening, a decrease in strength gain was observed with an increase in the content of the additive compared to control samples. At 1 wt % of the additive, the decline in strength on day 28 was 8.7 % for calcium formate, 13 % for versatate, and 15.5 % for vinyl-acrylate copolymer. For versatate and vinyl acrylate with the addition of 3 and 5 wt % in the mixture, the loss of strength is 23–25 % and 27–56.7 %, respectively. 5 wt % calcium formate admixture, compared to 3 wt %, on day 7 and day 28 of hardening has a higher strength index. This nature of the effect of additives is explained by the formation of polymer structures throughout the volume of the mixture with the introduction of versatate and copolymer vinyl acrylate, as well as their chemical interaction with the components of the cement binder during hydration in the formed alkaline medium. Calcium formate plays the role of both a filler and a hardening accelerator due to the introduction of an additional amount of calcium ions. The reported results can be used as a basis for continuing to study the effect of redispersed additives on the durability of cement articles, the development of new formulations for building mixtures, and their potential use in the production of concrete.
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Ma, Guoyan, Le Wang, Xiaorong Wang, et al. "Preparation and Properties of Poly(vinyl acetate) Adhesive Modified with Vinyl Versatate." Molecules 28, no. 18 (2023): 6634. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28186634.
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A series of vinyl versatate (VV10) modified poly(vinyl acetate) adhesive (HVPVAc) were prepared using soap-free emulsion polymerization. Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy was used to characterize the structure of the modified poly(vinyl acetate) latex. The effect of the VV10 content on particle size, viscosity, mechanical properties, and T-peel strength of the modified poly(vinyl acetate) was determined. No absorption peak at 1675–1500 cm−1 in the ATR-FTIR spectrum was observed as a result of the carbon-carbon double bond reacting completely. With the occurrence of -C-O-C and the disappearance of the carbon-carbon double bond in the FTIR spectrum, a more complex structure formed. The structure improves the mechanical properties. Increasing the VV10 content resulted in an increase in particle size from 63 nm to 221 nm, a steady increase in the viscosity of the HVPVAc latex, an increase in tensile strength from 7 MPa to 13.4 MPa, and a decrease in breaking elongation from 1310% to 1004%. As the VV10 content increased from 0 to 30% by weight, the T-peel strength of the HVPVAc adhesive increased from 8.35 N/mm to 18.97 N/mm, indicating improved adhesive performance.
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Wang, Xiao Feng, Tie Kun Jia, Jian Wei Li, and Xin Ai Zhang. "Effect of Admixture Additive on Properties of Polymer-Modified Lightweight Cement Mortar." Applied Mechanics and Materials 253-255 (December 2012): 417–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.253-255.417.
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Redispersible polymer powder of vinyl acetate and versatate copolymer (VA/Voeva) used as admixture additive, is introduced to modify lightweight cement mortar with ground granulated blast furnace slag, quartz sand and expanded perlite as aggregates. The effect of the dosage of redispersible polymer powder of vinyl acetate and versatate on the compressive and flexural strengths was investigated in details. The ratio of compressive strength to flexural strength (σc/σf ) of cement mortars varied with the variation of the dosage of redispersible polymer powder. Scanning electronic microscopy was used to investigate the internal structure of the polymer-modified lightweight cement mortar. The result showed that the toughness of the polymer-modified lightweight cement mortar was improved with the increase in the dosage of redispersible polymer powder, and the network membranous structure formed by the polymer attribute to the improvement of the toughness and flexural strengths.
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Wang, Ru, and Pei-Ming Wang. "Action of redispersible vinyl acetate and versatate copolymer powder in cement mortar." Construction and Building Materials 25, no. 11 (2011): 4210–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.04.060.
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KOVALENKO, YURII, VOLODYMYR TOKARCHUK, and SVITLANA KOVALEKO. "INFLUENCE OF SULFATE ION ENVIRONMENT ON THE CEMENT MATRIX MODIFIED BY REDISPERSIBLE POLYMERS." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Technical sciences 319, no. 2 (2023): 154–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2023-319-1-154-162.
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Injection of sulfate ions into the cement matrix with water by wet spraying due to high moist in the environment is the reason of the deterioration acceleration and durability decrease with time. The effects of introduction of redispersible polymers (RP) and calcium formate on the increasing of the durability and decreasing of the deterioration effect caused by sulfate ions on the cement matrix were studied. Vinyl-acetate/versatate, vinyl-acrylic copolymer and calcium formate were mixed into nine separate cement mixtures at a concentration of additives 1 %, 3 % and 5 % respectively. Three different sulfate ion environment were sprayed through the fog environment at high moist concentration using a salt spray device “Salt Fog Chamber”. Test results showed that different additive in different sulfate environment has various affects both on the deceleration of the structure deterioration and the reduction of the strength of cement matrix. Vinyl-acetate/versatate and calcium formate in concentrations of 1% and 3% have high stability while maintaining strength at the level of exploitational properties of the matrix. While, vinyl-acrylic copolymer at 5 % has more resistance to strength loss after 168 days of withholding in an aggressive environment compared to 1 % and 3 %. Detailed observation of the structure formation of the cement matrix at 168 days shows formation that relate both to the hydrated cement minerals and complexes of organic salts. This formation allowed at the late age of the experiment to decrease the strength loss under intensive impact of SO42– migration through the matrix due to the encapsulating of cement minerals at early ages of hydration in polymer films with RP and active early formation of Ca(OH)2 for formate. This allowed the cement matrix to retain its shape for a long periods, become more stable, reduce the washing out of soluble cement components at early ages, and reduce the content of active Ca by bonding it into semisoluble compositions that cause the decreasing of the negative effect on cement matrix by SO42–.
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França De Sá, Susana, Carolina Viana, and Joana Lia Ferreira. "Tracing Poly(Vinyl Acetate) Emulsions by Infrared and Raman Spectroscopies: Identification of Spectral Markers." Polymers 13, no. 21 (2021): 3609. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13213609.
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Vinyl emulsions started to be used by artists in paintings at least since the early 1960s, being now present in several artworks worldwide. However, different vinyl formulations can result in distinct behaviours over time, and if some artworks are currently showing a good condition, others already show damages due to the use of compositions more susceptible to degradation. For this reason, it is fundamental to identify the main components in the vinyl acetate-based (VAc-based) emulsion. This work focuses on the molecular study of VAc-based emulsions by infrared and Raman spectroscopies. It aims at deepening the knowledge on the variability of the composite formulation and on the identification of characteristic bands and spectral profiles (identified as spectral markers) for both polymer and additives. To this end, a broad set of vinyl emulsions was gathered, including reference materials, historical commercial brands in use by Portuguese artists, and commercial brands collected from industrial companies. The entire set includes vinyl homopolymers produced for the purpose of the study and known formulations of vinyl homopolymers and copolymers, with and without plasticisers, according to technical data sheets and previous studies. Furthermore, unknown formulations have been included to validate the usefulness of the identified spectral markers. This set has been studied in the form of solid films deposited in glass slides by infrared spectroscopy in attenuated total reflection mode (ATR-FTIR) and micro-Raman spectroscopy (µ-Raman), both conducted in situ. As conclusions, the combined use of ATR-FTIR and µ-Raman proved to be very useful as different spectral markers were detected by each technique, confirming their complementarity. Besides the clear identification of vinyl acetate-based emulsions by both techniques, it was also possible to suggest spectral markers for the copolymerisation of vinyl acetate with vinyl versatate by µ-Raman, the stabilisation of the emulsion with poly(vinyl alcohol) by ATR-FTIR, and the addition of phthalates or benzoates plasticisers by both ATR-FTIR and µ-Raman.
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Kostyantyn, Кalafat, Taran Nadezhda, Plavan Viktoriia, Bessarabov Volodymyr, Zagoriy Glib, and Vakhitova Liubov. "COMPARISON OF FIRE RESISTANCE OF POLYMERS IN INTUMESCENT COATINGS FOR STEEL STRUCTURES." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 4, no. 10 (106) (2020): 45–54. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.209841.
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Thermal destruction of fire-retardant intumescent coating of the composition of ammonium polyphosphate (APP)/melamine (MA)/pentaerythrite (PE)/titanium oxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>)/polymer, which can be applied for fire protection of steel structures, was studied. The influence of polymers of different nature – ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), vinyl acetate versatate (VAVV), styrene acrylates, and vinyl toluene acrylate on the processes of formation of a coke layer and fire-retardant effectiveness of appropriate coatings was determined. Chemical transformations of polymers EVA and styrene acrylate in the intumescent system of ARR/MA/PE/TiO<sub>2</sub> in the temperature range of 200–800 °С were studied. It was established that the processes of the thermal destruction of vinyl acetate polymer are more harmonized with chemical reactions of the components of the intumescent system than similar processes for acrylate aromatic polymers. Thermal-oxidation destruction of intumescent compositions at the temperatures of 200–800 °С was explored. It was shown that basic chemical processes with polymers of EVA and VAVV begin after 300 °С and flow in the temperature range of 350–600 °С. It was found that the noticeable degradation of the carbon-phosphorus frame of intumescent compositions with styrene acrylate polymers begins at 450 °С, which is almost by 150 °С below the temperature of degradation of the compositions containing vinyl acetate binders. The conducted fire tests demonstrate that intumescent compositions with the use of acrylate aromatic polymers are more effective at the low coating thickness in ensuring the fire resistance boundary of 30 min. In order to ensure higher values of fire resistance, it is necessary to use intumescent coatings containing vinyl acetate co-polymers as the polymer component. The study of the impact of polymers of intumescent coatings on the boundary of fire resistance of steel structures has scientific and practical significance for the development of differentiated fire protection means, oriented to the given class of fire resistance. Fire-retardant intumescent compositions examined in this study can be used as the basis for the formulations of materials for fire protection of building structures under conditions of a standard fire
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Wang, Ru, Pei-Ming Wang, and Li-Juan Yao. "Effect of redispersible vinyl acetate and versatate copolymer powder on flexibility of cement mortar." Construction and Building Materials 27, no. 1 (2012): 259–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.07.050.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Vinyl acetate/versatate"
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Taber, Douglass F. "Organic Functional Group Protection." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190646165.003.0014.
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Sentaro Okamoto of Kanagawa University developed (Tetrahedron Lett. 2014, 55, 7039) an organocatalyst that mediated the selective acylation of 1 to give the primary acetate 2. Philip A. Albiniak of Ball State University devised (Tetrahedron Lett. 2014, 55, 7133) a reagent 4 for the simple preparation of a t-butyl ether 5 from an alcohol 3. Attempted deprotection of 6 tended to divert to the dioxolane. Toshio Nishikawa of Nagoya University developed (Synlett 2014, 25, 2498) an oxidative protocol that gave clean conversion to the desired 7. Alan S. Goodman of Rutgers University found (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2014, 53, 10160) an Ir catalyst that generated the phenol 9 from the aryl alkyl ether 8. In the course of a synthesis of Sch 725674, Kavirayani R. Prasad of the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore deprotected (Org. Lett. 2014, 16, 4001) the dithiane 10 to yield the sensitive aldol product 11. Karl Anker Jørgensen of Aarhus University observed (Chem. Commun. 2014, 50, 15689) that the nitro isoxazole 12, having served to activate sequential Michael addition, was readily cleaved to the acid 13. Jiang Cheng of Changzhou University used (Chem. Commun. 2014, 50, 8412) CuCN to convert 14 to 15. Pradeep Kumar of CSIR-National Chemistry Laboratory effected (Tetrahedron Lett. 2014, 55, 7172) oxidative deallylation of 16, leading to 17. Hiroyuki Morimoto and Takashi Ohshima of Kyushu University found (Chem. Commun. 2014, 50, 12623) that NH₄I promoted the hydrazinolysis of the amide 18, giving 19 without racemization. Franco Ghelfi of the Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia prepared (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2014, 6734) 21 by desulfonylating 20 to 21 with H₂SO₄ in acetic acid. Hans Adolfsson of Stockholm University reduced (Org. Lett. 2014, 16, 680) the amide 22 to the enamine 23. The N-vinyl amine could be hydrolyzed, but it is also a versatile intermediate for other transformations. Automated peptide synthesis can be hindered by difficult sequences. Judit Tulla-Puche and Fernando Albericio of IRB Barcelona showed (Chem. Eur. J. 2014, 20, 15031) that the substituted benzyl group of 24 facilitated such syntheses, and that it could be readily removed to give 25 by exposure to NH₄I and trifluoroacetic acid.