Academic literature on the topic 'Vinyl chloride polymerization'

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Journal articles on the topic "Vinyl chloride polymerization"

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Jíšová, V., M. Kolínský, and D. Lím. "Polymerization of vinyl chloride by organolithium compounds. II. Polymerization of vinyl chloride by organolithium complexes." Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Symposia 42, no. 1 (2007): 467–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polc.5070420153.

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Lukáš, Rudolf. "Suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride and the processibility of poly(vinyl chloride)." Makromolekulare Chemie. Macromolecular Symposia 29, no. 1 (1989): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/masy.19890290104.

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Tauer, Klaus, Gerhard Reinisch, Herbert Gajewski, and Ingolf Müller. "Modeling of Emulsion Polymerization of Vinyl Chloride." Journal of Macromolecular Science: Part A - Chemistry 28, no. 3-4 (1991): 431–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222339108052152.

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Leicht, Hannes, Inigo Göttker-Schnetmann, and Stefan Mecking. "Incorporation of Vinyl Chloride in Insertion Polymerization." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 52, no. 14 (2013): 3963–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201209724.

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Uustalu, Joan M. "Electrical conductivity in vinyl chloride during polymerization." Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 24, no. 7 (1986): 1609–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1986.080240718.

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Leicht, Hannes, Inigo Göttker-Schnetmann, and Stefan Mecking. "Incorporation of Vinyl Chloride in Insertion Polymerization." Angewandte Chemie 125, no. 14 (2013): 4055–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201209724.

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Tsuchiya, Yoshikatsu, and Kiyoshi Endo. "Vanadium alkoxide catalyzed polymerization of vinyl chloride." Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 49, no. 4 (2011): 1006–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.24514.

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Braun, Dietrich. "Controlled free-radical polymerization of vinyl chloride." Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology 11, no. 3 (2005): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vnl.20043.

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Kolínský, Miloslav, Jaroslava Michalcová, Václava Jíšová, and Rudolf Lukáš. "Polymerization of Vinyl Chloride by Organometallic Compounds. Effect of Moisture in the Monomer." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 58, no. 11 (1993): 2559–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19932559.

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The effect of moisture in vinyl chloride (VC) on its polymerization initiated with tert-butyllithium was investigated. The conversion curves thus obtained and the dependences of molecular weights of isolated products show that within range 6.5 - 80 ppm. vol. water in vinyl chloride and the mole ration t-BuLi/VC 0.0004 - 0.03 the conversion of vinyl chloride decreases, while the molecular weight of PVC increases. The distribution curves of molecular weights become broader with increasing water content in the monomer, and their maxima are shifted to higher molecular weights. The water content up
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Coelho, Jorge F. J., Patricia Alves, Joana Monteiro, et al. "Scale-up of Poly[(Vinyl Chloride)-b-(n-Butyl Acrylate)-b-(Vinyl Chloride)] prepared by Living Radical Polymerization." Materials Science Forum 514-516 (May 2006): 975–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.514-516.975.

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Vinyl Chloride (VCM) based copolymers were synthesised by using Living Radical Polymerization. The obtained materials were characterized by determining their molecular weight, glass transition temperature and mechanical properties after processing in industrial equipments. Their chemical composition was evaluated by using NMR.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Vinyl chloride polymerization"

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Dorobantu, Ioana-Miruna. "Vinyl chloride polymerization in microdroplet reactor." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012INPT0037/document.

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La polymérisation du chlorure de vinyle est une réaction très fréquente dans l’industrie des polymères, conduisant à l’obtention d’un matériau plastique très commun, connu sous le nom de PVC (polychlorure de vinyle). Ses applications concernent principalement l’industrie des constructions néanmoins d’autres domaines sont également touchés. La complexité de ce procédé de polymérisation est due à la nature toxique du monomère, à la maitrise du transfert de chaleur ou au maintien de l’agitation. Le control de ces variables de procédé influence de manière directe les caractéristiques finales du pr
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Vale, Hugo. "Population Balance Modeling of Emulsion Polymerization Reactors : applications to Vinyl Chloride Polymerization." Lyon 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO10034.

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This thesis is a contribution to the development of population balance models of emulsion polymerization and, more particularly, to the modeling of particle formation and particle size distribution (PSD) in vinyl chloride emulsion polymerization. The rst part of the work is dedicated to the acquisition of experimental data. Ab initio polymerizations were done to obtain reliable data regarding the dependence of the particle number on the concentration of surfactant, as well as to analyze the effect of the initiator concentration, stirring rate, and monomer-to-water ratio upon the particle numbe
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Lobry, Emeline. "Batch to continuous vinyl chloride suspension polymerization process : a feasibility study." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2012. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/11498/1/lobry.pdf.

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Continuous processes present the benefit to be safer and more cost saving than batch processes. Many researches have been carried out in fine chemistry but few contributions refer to polymerization. We focus on the vinyl chloride suspension polymerization. This process has been extensively studied in batch with lots of improvement regarding the formulation and the technologies. This polymerization process is highly complex due to the toxic nature of the monomer, the good manage of heat transfer and stirring. Moreover the reaction step remains the only batch step of the PVC production. Accordin
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Horrill, M. D. "The effect of suspending agents on the suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1997. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7513.

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The suspension polymerisation of vinyl chloride is the main industrial process used for the manufacture of PVC. The aim of this project was to study the suspension polymerisation of vinyl chloride monomer to form PVC. The work concentrated on the effects that the choice of suspension stabilisers (PVA's), pH and other environmental factors had on the properties of both the initial droplet suspension and the polymerising system throughout the course of the reaction. Experiments were carried out using a pressurised 11 stainless steel jacketed reactor connected to an external optical cell. Progres
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Si, Kun. "Kinetics and Mechanism of Vinyl Chloride Polymerization: Effects of Additives on Polymerization Rate, Molecular Weight and Defect Concentration in the Polymer." online version, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=case1168382967.

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Baena, Johanna. "PROCESSING AND KINETIC STUDIES OF THE REACTIVE BLENDS OF POLY(VINYL CHLORIDE) AND THERMOPLASTIC POLYURETHANES." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1163727625.

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Huser, Julien. "FUI Ecoating. Comprehension of the Scale Formation Mechanism during the Suspension Polymerization of Vinyl Chloride Monomer and Development of a Durable Protective Polymer Coating." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MULH4032.

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La production de poly(chlorure de vinyle) (PVC) sous forme de suspension chez INEOS ChlorVinyls est réalisée en réacteur fermé agité, dont les parois sont en émail ou en acier inoxydable. Il se forme en cours de polymérisation un dépôt de PVC (croûte) sur les parois du réacteur qui génère de nombreux inconvénients. Afin de limiter cet encroûtement, INEOS ChlorVinyls et l’ensemble des producteurs de PVC appliquent à chaque batch (par exemple pour INEOS ChlorVinyls 50 fois par jour pour ses 22 réacteurs) un revêtement organique. L’application systématique du revêtement et la formation de croûtes
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El, Fouhaili Bandar. "Development of hydrophobic/superhydrophobic anti-fouling photopolymer coatings for PVC reactor." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MULH6191.

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Lors de la polymérisation en suspension du chlorure de vinyle, il se forme sur les parois un dépôt de polychlorure de vinyle (PVC). Ce phénomène, nommé encroûtement, génère des problèmes car il limite la production de PVC et affecte la qualité du produit final. Dans ce contexte, un projet FUI (Fond Unique Interministériel) intitulé «Ecoating», a été financé dans le cadre d’une collaboration entre plusieurs partenaires industriels et universitaires (INEOS ChlorVinyls, Mäder Research, Avenir Group, LPIM, ESPCI-ParisTech). Deux thèses ont vu le jour au LPIM, avec pour but de développer un revêtem
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Abreu, Carlos Miguel Rocha. "Developments in Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization: New Ecofriendly Catalytic Systems and Vinyl Chloride (co)Polymerization Methods." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/43096.

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Tese de doutoramento em Engenharia Química, apresentada ao Departamento de Engenharia Química da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra<br>The aim of this work was the study and development of new ecofriendly catalytic systems for reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP). It was also a goal the development of new vinyl chloride (VC) (co)polymerizations systems using RDRP methods. Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is among the most efficient, versatile and robust RDRP techniques. The new generation of catalytic systems for RDRP of vinyl monomers s
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Yang, Huang-Shung, and 楊晃祥. "Solid State Polymerization of Polycaprolactone and Phase Behavior of Polycaprolactone/Poly(vinyl chloride) Blends in Supercritical CO2 Fluids." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46446385844622073146.

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碩士<br>國立雲林科技大學<br>工業化學與災害防治研究所碩士班<br>90<br>This report includes two parts. The first part presents results on the investigated of solid-state polymerization and phase behavior of polycaprolactone (PCL) in supercritical carbon dioxide fluids (SCF CO2). PCL is found to be miscible with SCF CO2, the miscibility depending on CO2 conditions, via interactions between the carbonyl groups of PCL and CO2. In addition to solid state polymerizations, which could increase molecular weights of PCL, transesterification reactions of PCL are found as well, decreasing molecular weights of PCL. The extent o
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Books on the topic "Vinyl chloride polymerization"

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Minsker, K. S. Degradation and stabilization of vinyl chloride-based polymers. Pergamon, 1988.

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Minsker, K. S. Degradation and stabilization of vinyl-chloridebased polymers. Pergamon Press, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Vinyl chloride polymerization"

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Abreu, Carlos M. R., Ana C. Fonseca, Nuno M. P. Rocha, James T. Guthrie, Arménio C. Serra, and Jorge F. J. Coelho. "Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization of Vinyl Chloride." In ACS Symposium Series. American Chemical Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2018-1284.ch010.

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Starnes, W. H., Haksoo Chung, B. J. Wojciechowski, D. E. Skillicorn, and G. M. Benedikt. "Auxiliary Mechanism for Transfer to Monomer during Vinyl Chloride Polymerization." In Advances in Chemistry. American Chemical Society, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ba-1996-0249.ch001.

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Capek, I. "Kinetics of the free-radical emulsion polymerization of vinyl chloride." In Physical Properties of Polymers. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-58704-7_3.

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Willmouth, F. M., D. G. Rance, and K. M. Henman. "A Photon Correlation Spectroscopy Investigation of Precipitation Polymerization in Liquid Vinyl Chloride." In Integration of Fundamental Polymer Science and Technology. Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4185-4_13.

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Kiparissides, Costas. "Modeling of Suspension Vinyl Chloride Polymerization: From Kinetics to Particle Size Distribution and PVC Grain Morphology." In Polymer Reaction Engineering of Dispersed Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/12_2017_16.

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Mark, James E., Harry R. Allcock, and Robert West. "Ferrocene-Based Polymers, and Additional Phosphorus- and Boron-Containing Polymers." In Inorganic Polymers. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195131192.003.0010.

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Ferrocene is an inexpensive, stable molecule with an interesting and reversible electrochemistry. It is synthesized by the metal-hydrogen exchange reaction of cyclopentadiene with sodium followed by treatment of the resultant sodium cyclopentadienide anion with ferrous chloride. The high stability and electroactivity of the ferrocene molecule has prompted numerous attempts to incorporate it into polymer structures. So, too, has the inherent torsional freedom of the cyclopentadienyl groups around the iron atoms and their capacity to serve as swivel group sites. Polymerization attempts range from the addition reactions of vinylferrocene and its derivatives, to condensation reactions, ringopening polymerizations, and dendrimer assemblies. These will be considered in turn. Considerable effort in the 1970s by Pittman, George, Hayes, Korshak, and others was applied to exploring the addition polymerization of vinylferrocene to give organic polymers with pendent ferrocenyl side groups. This type of polymerization reaction has been attempted with the use of free radical, cationic, anionic, and Ziegler–Natta methods. For free radical polymerization reactions, the initiating radicals must be generated from azo-initiators because peroxides cause oxidation of the metal. In polymerizations of the type shown in reaction (2) the side group ferrocene units are the source of both the thermal stability of the product polymers and complications inherent in the free radical polymerization process. For example, electron donation from the iron atoms to a growing radical chain end can convert an active radical to an anion, which terminates the polymerization. The Fe+ center then rearranges to form a paramagnetic, ionically bound Fe(III) species. Ultimately this leads to extensive chain-transfer, limitation of the chain length, and formation of branched structures. This does not occur if the ferrocene unit is insulated from the vinyl group by a spacer unit, as in, because these monomers polymerize normally. For example, monomer gives polymers with Mn molecular weights as high as 250,000. However, the electron-transfer process outlined in reaction (2) has serious practical consequences in the free-radical polymerization of. First, directly or indirectly, it causes precipitation of the growing polymer chains until, at monomer to polymer conversions of 90% or more, all of the polymeric product is insoluble in most organic solvents.
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Bayly, Brian. "Disequilibrium 3: Internal Variables." In Chemical Change in Deforming Materials. Oxford University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195067644.003.0010.

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In Chapters 2, 3, and 4, the usefulness of the concept chemical potential has been explored for describing and predicting movement of material from point to point in space—from a location where a component's potential is high to a location where its potential is lower. But chemical potential influences another type of material behavior as well, as in the example at the end of Chapter 2, the polymerization of vinyl chloride. The polymerization is a process that runs at a certain rate, like diffusion of salt, and the rate depends on the potential difference between the starting state and the end state; but unlike diffusion of salt, there is no overall movement from one location to a new location—the vinyl chloride simply polymerizes where it is. There are movements, of course, on the scale of the interatomic distances, but nothing corresponding to the 4 m of travel that appears in the discussion of the dike. If no travel is involved, it is not so easy to calculate a potential gradient along the travel path and go on to predict a rate of response. Yet there definitely is a rate of response, even with PVC polymerizing. The purpose of this chapter is to consider this matter; we shall then be equipped to begin considering nonhydrostatic conditions. The essential idea is to represent all possible degrees of polymerization along an axis, as in Figure 5.1. The figure is drawn to represent a condition where the chemical potential per kilogram is greater in the monomer form than in the dimer form, i.e., a condition where the material polymerizes spontaneously. Suppose we know the chemical potential per kilogram for all degrees of polymerization and also, at some temperature, the rates at which 2 forms from 1, 3 forms from 2, etc. (per kg of the starting form in a pure state). Then we arbitrarily pick a distance on the horizontal axis to separate point 1 from point 2.
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Bárkányi, Ágnes, Sándor Németh, and Béla G. Lakatos. "Three-scale Modeling and Simulation of a Batch Suspension Polymerization Vinyl Chloride Reactor." In Computer Aided Chemical Engineering. Elsevier, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-63456-6.50039-9.

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de Faria, João Miguel, Fabricio Machado, Enrique Luis Lima, and José Carlos Pinto. "Monitoring of Vinyl Chloride Suspension Polymerization Using NIRS. 1. Prediction of Morphological Properties." In Computer Aided Chemical Engineering. Elsevier, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1570-7946(09)70275-5.

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Bárkányi, Ágnes, Sándor Németh, and Béla G. Lakatos. "Modeling and simulation of suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride via population balance model." In Computer Aided Chemical Engineering. Elsevier, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-59520-1.50080-4.

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