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1

Weeks, L. A. "Viola Odorata." Colorado Review 46, no. 1 (2019): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/col.2019.0044.

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2

Ali, Zaineb, Ibrahim Saleh Abbas, Widad MK Alani, and Farah Al-Mamoori. "GC/MS Analysis and Isolation of Stigmasterol from Viola Odorata Cultivated in Iraq." Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 24, no. 1 (2024): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v24i1.1002.

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Viola odorata is a viola family flowering plant native to Europe and Asia. This is a small, hardy, herbaceous, perennial plant. It is also known as sweet violet and English violet. Numerous pharmacological properties of this flowering plant include anticancer, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antipyretic properties. Previous literature review of different parts of Viola odorata resulted in detection of different chemical constituents such as flavonoids (Quercetin, kaempferol), glycosides (Rutin) and terpenoids (stigma sterol). Stigmasterol was detected using TLC and GC-MS in t
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3

Simić, Siniša, Milica Aćimović, Senka Vidović, Marija Banožić, and Jelena Vladić. "Viola odorata." Croatian journal of food science and technology 13, no. 2 (2021): 191–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.17508/cjfst.2021.13.2.08.

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This study aimed at examining the effect of supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO2) extraction on the subsequent extraction of the Viola odorata polar bioactive components. The raw material was firs submitted to ScCO2 extraction for the extraction of the lipophilic fraction. Then the exhausted raw material was subjected to ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) in order to extract the polar components. ScCO2 extraction was performed under the pressure of 300 bar and at a temperature of 40 °C for 4 hours. In order to see the effect of ScCO2, the UAE and MAE (5
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4

Bahemann, Alois. "Viola odorata - zwei Fšlle." Zeitschrift für Klassische Homöopathie 46, no. 01 (2007): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-938810.

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5

Buabeid, Manal Ali, El-Shaimaa A. Arafa, Waseem Hassan, and Ghulam Murtaza. "In Silico Prediction of the Mode of Action of Viola odorata in Diabetes." BioMed Research International 2020 (October 30, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2768403.

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Background. The metabolic syndrome increases the risk of different diseases such as type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome has rapidly grown and affected more than 230 million people worldwide. Viola odorata is a traditionally used plant for the treatment of diabetes; however, its mechanism to manage diabetes is still unknown. Purpose. This study was designed to systematically assess the mechanism of action of Viola odorata in diabetes. Methods. An extensive literature search was made to establish an ingredient-target database of Viola odorata. Of these, targets related to diabe
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Holzapfel, Klaus. "Viola odorata - Pathogenese eines Irrtums." Zeitschrift für Klassische Homöopathie 49, no. 1 (2005): 40–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2005-862517.

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7

Dhiman, Sunny, Dev Prakash Dahiya, and Saurabh Sharma. "Phytochemical analysis, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Screening of Shoot Extracts of Viola odorata linn. from Shikari Devi Wildlife Sanctuary, Himachal Pradesh, India." International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine 15, no. 1 (2024): 212–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.47552/ijam.v15i1.4347.

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The traditional healers made significant use of the Viola odorata of the Violaceae family for its many ethnopharmacological uses. The phytochemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of solvent extracts from Viola odorata shoots were studied, and the antibacterial potential of the optimized extract was also examined. The Soxhlet apparatus was used to extract phytochemicals from shoots in four different solvents, including n-hexane, butanol, methanol, and water. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to analyze the stigmasterol profile of V. odorata shoots. The extrac
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8

Reecha Madaan, Rajni Bala, Anuja Verma, and Rajdeep Sarma. "Determination of Sunscreen activity of Viola odorata (Banafsha) ethanolic extract and its formulated Gel by UV Spectroscopy." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 1 (2020): 154–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i1.1800.

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In the present study, ethanolic extract of Banafsha i.e., Viola odorata (Violaceae) and its gel formulations was evaluated for its sun protection activity by ultraviolet spectroscopy method. The phytoconstituents like flavonoids, phenolics present in Viola odorata may be responsible for scavenging action on UV-induced reactive oxygen species. Extraction of aerial parts of the plant was done in the Soxhlet apparatus using ethanol as solvent. 1ml, 2ml, and 4ml of ethanol extract (200µg/ml) of the plant were used to formulate three gels (F1-F3) using Carabopol 940, 0.5% Methyl paraben, 0.2% Propy
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9

Keene, Shea A., Maeve Sims, Joo Young Kim, and Thomas A. Colquhoun. "Temporal, Developmental, and Comparative Characterization of the Floral Volatile Emissions of the Famously Scented Violet Species, Viola odorata." HortScience 59, no. 7 (2024): 974–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci17847-24.

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Violets (Viola) are potential candidates for aroma-focused breeding research. Though most Viola species and modern hybrids lack fragrance, the genus contains a famously scented species, Viola odorata L. This species and its cultivars are genetic resources of aroma traits that could be used to investigate the selection for and transmission of fragrance during the breeding process. Despite its famous scent, however, the floral volatile emissions of V. odorata have not been characterized using modern headspace techniques. Using static and dynamic headspace volatile collection methods and gas chro
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10

Manosi Das, Subhendu Mondal, Shreya Ghosal, Avijit Banerji, Amit Kumar Dixit, and P V V Prasad. "Phyto-pharmacognostical evaluation and HPTLC finger printing profile of Gulbanafsha (Viola odorata L.) flower." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 14, no. 1 (2021): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2021.14.1.0410.

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Viola odorata Linn. (Family Violaceae) is popularly known as Sweet Violet or English Violet and Gulbanafsha in Hindi. V. odorata is used as remedy for coughs, sore throat, hoarseness and tonsillitis. It is valued as an expectorant, antioxidant, diaphoretic, antibacterial, antipyretic and diuretic. Pharmacological studies have revealed the role of V. odorata in Unani drugs for treatment of common cold, asthma and cough associated diseases. The present study focuses on the phyto-pharmacognostical evaluation and HPTLC finger printing profile of Gulbanafsha (Viola odorata L.) flower - white variet
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11

Mohammed, Ruqaya. "Immunological, Cytogenetic and Hepatoprotective Effect of Viola odorata Methanolic Extract on Methotrexate Induced Albino Male Mice." Journal of Biotechnology Research Center 11, no. 2 (2017): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2017.11.2.523.

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Pants used in traditional medicine contain a vast array of substances that can be used to treat chronic and infectious diseases. One of these medical plant Viola odorata which a popularly known as “Banafshah” and sweet violet in Asia and Europe respectively. It is found in high altitudes of Himalyas, Europe and throughout North America. The study was designed to assess immunological (total and differential count of white blood cells), cytogenetic (micronucleus formation) and hepatoprotective activity of methanolic extract of Viola odorata by using two doses 100 and 200mg/kg. In addition, these
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12

Manosi, Das, Mondal Subhendu, Ghosal Shreya, Banerji Avijit, Kumar Dixit Amit, and V. V. Prasad P. "Phyto-pharmacognostical evaluation and HPTLC finger printing profile of Gulbanafsha (Viola odorata L.) flower." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 14, no. 1 (2021): 183–92. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4527743.

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<em>Viola odorata&nbsp;</em>Linn. (Family Violaceae) is popularly known as Sweet Violet or English Violet and Gulbanafsha in Hindi.&nbsp;<em>V. odorata</em>&nbsp;is used as remedy for coughs, sore throat, hoarseness and tonsillitis. It is valued as an expectorant, antioxidant, diaphoretic, antibacterial, antipyretic and diuretic. Pharmacological studies have revealed the role of&nbsp;<em>V. odorata</em>&nbsp;in Unani drugs for treatment of common cold, asthma and cough associated diseases. The present study focuses on the phyto-pharmacognostical evaluation and HPTLC finger printing profile of
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13

Tafazoli, Vahid, Mahdi Shahriari, Mojtaba Heydari, Hosein Ali Nikbakht, Mohammad M. Zarshenaas, and Majid Nimrouzi. "The Effect of Viola Odorata L. Oil for Fever in Children: A Randomized Triple-blinded Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial." Current Drug Discovery Technologies 17, no. 5 (2020): 696–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570163816666190620142256.

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Introduction: Finding non-systemic antipyretic option in cancer patients who simultaneously receive several other drugs seems be logical. This study was designed to evaluate complementary therapy with Viola odorata L. oil for fever control in febrile neutropenic children. Methods and Materials: In a randomized placebo controlled clinical trial, 41 febrile children were divided into two groups. Children in the active drug group received viola oil (20 drops) to be rubbed on the peripheral margin of the patient umbilicus. Primary outcome measure of the study was the mean axillary temperature in t
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14

Motavasselian, Maliheh, Roshanak Salari, Zohre Feyzabadi, Mohammad Reza Joharchi, and Seyed Majid Ghazanfari. "A Review of the Therapeutic Effects of Viola Odorata Plant in Traditional Iranian Medicine and Modern Medicine." Complementary Medicine Journal 12, no. 2 (2022): 118–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/cmja.12.2.1133.2.

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Objective: Viola odorata has been used since ancient times. According to Traditional Iranian Medicine (TIM) sources, it has a cool and moist temperament and is used for treatment of different diseases. Due to the low side effects and numerous beneficial effects of this plant, this study aims to review its therapeutic effects from the perspective of TIM and modern medicine. Methods: In this review study, a search was conducted for the materials in many TIM books such as Canon of Medicine, Tuhfat al-Momenin, al-Jami’ li-Mufradat al-Adwiya wa’l-Aghdhiya, Al-shamel fi al-Sanaat Al-Tabiat, Makhzan
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15

Trusov, N. "Aril morpho-anatomical structure and development of Viola odorata L. (Violaceae)." Modern Phytomorphology 6 (April 1, 2014): 141–42. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.160617.

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16

Orchard, Ané, Tasneem Moosa, Nabeelah Motala, Guy Kamatou, Alvaro Viljoen, and Sandy van Vuuren. "Commercially Available Viola odorata Oil, Chemical Variability and Antimicrobial Activity." Molecules 28, no. 4 (2023): 1676. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28041676.

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Viola odorata L. oil is frequently recommended in the aromatherapeutic literature for treating respiratory, urinary, and skin infections; however, antimicrobial evidence is lacking. In addition, in aromatherapy, combinations of essential oils are predominantly utilized with the goal of achieving therapeutic synergy, yet no studies investigating the interaction of essential oil combinations with V. odorata oil exists. This study thus aimed to address these gaps by investigating the antimicrobial activity of three Viola odorata oil samples, sourced from different suppliers, independently and in
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17

DOĞAN, Muhittin, Falah Saleh MOHAMMED, İmran UYSAL, et al. "TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT STATUS, ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIPROLIFERATIVE POTENTIALS OF VIOLA ODORATA (FRAGRANT VIOLET)." Ankara Universitesi Eczacilik Fakultesi Dergisi 47, no. 3 (2023): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1161440.

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Objective: Plants are preferred for biological effect. It is a natural resource used in the field of alternative medicine due to its biological effect. In our study, the total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) and total antioxidant status (TAS) of Viola odorata L. species were detected. In addition, antimicrobial and antiproliferative effect of species was detected. Material and Method: The some parts of the species were used with the help of a soxhlet equipment, and ethanol was preferred as a solvent. TOS, OSI and TAS capacitiy were detected using Rel Assay kits. Agar dilu
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18

Jasim, Shaimaa Fakhri, Noor Nihad Baqer, and Esam Abd Alraheem. "DETECTION OF PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENT IN FLOWERS OF VIOLA ODORATA BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 5 (2018): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i5.24288.

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Objective: Viola odorata has a characteristic as antifungal, antibacterial, anticancer, antioxidant, antiasthmatic, anti-inflammatory, anti-HIV, and antipyretic agents. The aim of this study was detected about bioactive compounds in the methanolic extract of V. odorata. Methods: The methanolic extract was analyzed through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for the identification of different compounds.Results: The current study investigated about phytochemicals in flowers of V. odorata. GC-MS analysis of the methanol extract of flowers showed 84 compounds. The highest concentration w
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19

Kansagra, Jignesh, and Tejas Ganatra. "Evaluation of anti-ulcer potential of Viola odorata extract by in-vitro models and ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats." Journal of Research in Pharmacy 29, no. 1 (2025): 103–14. https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1626464.

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Viola odorata, or sweet violet, is a plant rich in phytochemicals like flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and cyclotides, known for their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, making it a promising candidate for anti-ulcer therapy. We aimed to evaluate the anti-ulcer potential of a methanolic extract of Viola odorata (MEVO) using in-vitro and in-vivo ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Fordtran’s and Vatier’s model were used as an in-vitro model which showed that MEVO at 250 mg/ml and 500 mg/ml effectively neutralized acid. The zones of inhibition of MEVO at 250 mg/ml and 500 mg/ml were fou
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20

Ulczycka-Walorska, Maria P., and Agnieszka Krzymińska. "The Effect of 8-Hydroxyquinoline Sulphate and Gibberellic Acid on Postharvest Viola odorata L. Leaf Longevity." Agriculture 12, no. 2 (2022): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12020247.

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The aim of the study was to evaluate the postharvest longevity of cut leaves of Viola odorata and determine their usefulness as a florist green. The research also involved the study of the influence of chemical compounds used as plant preservatives on the longevity of leaves of V. odorata. The leaf stalks of V. odorata were soaked in water or conditioned in a 200 mg·dm−3 solution of 8–hydroxyquinoline sulphate, or a 50 or 100 mg·dm−3 solution of gibberellic acid. After one day, the leaves were kept in water or 200 mg·dm−3 of 8–hydroxyquinoline sulphate. The leaves of V. odorata had a longevity
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21

Mohammed, Marwan Noori. "Leaf anatomy and venation of Viola odorata L." International Journal of Biology Sciences 6, no. 2 (2024): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.33545/26649926.2024.v6.i2a.222.

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22

Trkulja, N., A. Milosavljević, S. Živković, et al. "First Report of Cercospora violae Infecting the Garden Violet Viola odorata in Serbia." Plant Disease 99, no. 7 (2015): 1035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-10-14-1096-pdn.

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23

Anjani, Marshela, Fendi Yoga Wardana, Nanang Ardianto, and Maria Istiqomah. "UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN PENENTUAN NILAI SUN PROTECTION FACTOR (SPF) DARI FRAKSI DAUN VIOLET (Viola odorata L.)." JURNAL RISET KESEHATAN POLTEKKES DEPKES BANDUNG 16, no. 2 (2024): 485–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.34011/juriskesbdg.v16i2.2494.

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Paparan radiasi sinar UV dalam waktu lama dapat memicu efek berbahaya pada kulit manusia, seperti kerutan dan kanker kulit. Dampak buruk tersebut dapat diminimalisir dengan penggunaan tabir surya sebagai pelindung sinar UV. Daun violet (Viola odorata L.) mempunyai kandungan senyawa flavonoid yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan sekaligus zat aktif tabir surya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dan mengukur nilai Sun Protection Factor (SPF) pada fraksi daun violet (Viola odorata L.). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Farmakognosi dan Kimia ITSK RS dr. Soe
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24

Singh, Ajeet, Shweta Dhariwal, and Navneet. "Traditional uses, Antimicrobial potential, Pharmacological properties and Phytochemistry of Viola odorata: A Mini Review." Journal of Phytopharmacology 7, no. 1 (2018): 103–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2018.7120.

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Viola odorata Linn. is belongs to the family violaceae. It is popularly known as Sweet Violet, English Violet, Common Violet, or Garden Violet and Gulbanafsa in Hindi. V. odorata is commonly used as remedy for coughs, sore throat, hoarseness and tonsillitis. It is valued as an expectorant, antioxidant, diaphoretic, antibacterial, antipyretic, diuretic and as a laxative. The pharmacological studies revealed the role of V. odorata in some Unani drugs for treatment of common cold, asthma, antimicrobial, and cough associated diseases. It is rich in many phytoconstituents such as, saponins, salicyl
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25

Shah, Syed Sadaqat, Arshad Iqbal, and Bangwei Zhou. "IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF VARIOUS SOLVENT EXTRACTS DERIVED FROM VIOLA ODORATA." INDIAN DRUGS 61, no. 08 (2024): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.53879/id.61.08.14607.

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The primary objective of this study was to assess the antimicrobial activities of various polar and nonpolar solvent extracts derived from the leaves of Viola odorata. The disc diffusion method was employed to test the antimicrobial susceptibility against a diverse range of pathogenic microorganisms, including Escherichia coli, Erwinia carotovora, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus and the fungus Candida albicans. The results indicated that isobutanol and ethyl acetate fractions exhibited significantly higher antimicrobial
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Narayani, M., M.K.N. Sai Varsha, Uma Rani Potunuru, et al. "Production of bioactive cyclotides in somatic embryos of Viola odorata." Phytochemistry 156 (December 31, 2018): 135–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.09.008.

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Narayani, M., Varsha, M.K.N. Sai, Potunuru, Uma Rani, Beaula, W. Sofi, Rayala, Suresh Kumar, Dixit, Madhulika, Chadha, Anju, Srivastava, Smita (2018): Production of bioactive cyclotides in somatic embryos of Viola odorata. Phytochemistry 156: 135-141, DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.09.008, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.09.008
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27

Surahmaida, Surahmaida, and Sarwoko Mangkoedihardjo. "Karakterisasi dan Skrining Fitokimia dari Daun Violces (Viola odorata)." Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi 12, no. 2 (2024): 2003. https://doi.org/10.33394/bioscientist.v12i2.11449.

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Violces (Viola odorata) have been proven to have many pharmacological benefits as traditional medicine. Its leaves are traditionally used to treat headaches, coughs, colds, bronchitis, and asthma. This study aims to obtain scientific data on the pharmacognostic profile of fresh leaf and fine powder simplisia of violces, as well as to identify the secondary metabolite compounds of the methanol extract of violces leaves. The research method used is a pharmacognostic study (macroscopic, microscopic, and powder microscopy) and phytochemical screening using GCMS and analyzed descriptively qualitati
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28

Mulla, İmamuddin, Mariyam Roqaiya, and Mohd Imran Khan. "Efficacy of Viola odorata flower decoction in chronic rhinosinusitis." Medical Journal of Islamic World Academy of Sciences 27, no. 3 (2019): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5505/ias.2019.08379.

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29

Neha, Waghmare* Dipali Zode Princess Wankhade Krushna Rathod Sadhna Gautam Ankit Kediya. "Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Therapeutic Applications of Viola odorata: A Comprehensive Review." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 5 (2025): 3046–55. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15458583.

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Viola odorata, sometimes called English violet or sweet violet, is a herbaceous perennial plant that belongs to the Violaceae family. It has long been used for its medicinal properties in a variety of traditional medical systems, such as Persian, Ayurvedic, and Unani medicine.&nbsp; The plant, which has a rich phytochemical profile that includes flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and phenolic compounds, is native to Europe and Asia. These components help to explain the plant's remarkable anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antibacterial, and antioxidant qualities.&nbsp; Research has shown th
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Nikoleta Kallajxhiu, Gëzim Kapidani, Silvana Turku, and Anxhela Dauti. "Comparative palynomorphological study of two species in the valley of Zagoria, Gjirokastra, Albania." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 15, no. 3 (2021): 199–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2021.15.3.0164.

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In this study there are demonstrated for the first time in albanian literature the palynomorphologic characteristics of two types of plants (Centaurea epirota and Viola epirota), collected in Zagoria valley, Gjirokastra region, in Albania. To carry out the study, light microscopy was used and it was concluded that the pollen grains of Centaurea epirota were 3 colporate, isopolar, with radial symmetry. In the polar view, the pollen grains have a circular triangular shape while in the equatorial view they have a compressed oval shape. Exine appeared scabrate. Viola epirota consisted of 3-4 colpo
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Narayani, M., M. K. N. Sai Varsha, Uma Rani Potunuru, et al. "Production of bioactive cyclotides in somatic embryos of Viola odorata." Phytochemistry 156 (December 2018): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.09.008.

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32

Parsley, Nicole C., Christine L. Kirkpatrick, Christopher M. Crittenden, et al. "PepSAVI-MS reveals anticancer and antifungal cycloviolacins in Viola odorata." Phytochemistry 152 (August 2018): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.04.014.

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33

Ali, ZainabAziz, Ibrahim Saleh, and WidadM K Alani. "Detection of coumarin derivatives of Viola odorata cultivated in Iraq." Journal of Pharmacy And Bioallied Sciences 15, no. 6 (2023): 948. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_270_23.

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34

Sharif, Hina. "ADULTERATION OF CRUDE DRUGS AVAILABLE IN THE LOCAL MARKET OF KARACHI." Hamdard Journal of Pharmacy 1, no. 1 (2021): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.61744/hjp.v1i1.56.

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Medicinal flora and their isolated constituents have long been consumed for the maintenance of health and management of diverse ailments. In the trade and commerce of herbal medicines the major problem is adulteration. It may be due the lack of knowledge and sometimes intentional for the profit enrichment. In the present study the sample of twenty crude drugs including Terminalia chebula, Nigella sativa, Onosma bracteatum, Cucumis melo, Cassia senna, Vitex negundo, Piper nigrum, Sesamum indicum, Lallemantia royleana, Foenicum vulgare, Wrightia tinctoria, Sphaeranthus indicus, Trigonella foenum
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Fadila, Annisa, Juang Gema Kartika, and Didy Sopandie. "Aspek Hortikultura dan Usaha Tani Budidaya Tanaman Hias Asteraceae dan Violaceae di Cianjur, Jawa Barat." Buletin Agrohorti 11, no. 2 (2023): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/agrob.v11i2.46845.

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Produk tanaman hias dikategorikan menjadi tiga macam, yaitu tanaman hias hamparan, tanaman hias gantung, dan tanaman hias pot. Marigold (Tagetes erecta L.), Pansy (Viola tricolor L.), dan Viola (Viola odorata L.) merupakan jenis tanaman hias hamparan. Tanaman hias hamparan umumnya merupakan tanaman semusim yang ditanam di hamparan tanah atau menggunakan polybag. Tanaman hias hamparan paling umum diperuntukkan sebagai tanaman lanskap atau tanaman dekorasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari aspek hortikultura dan kelayakan ekonomi usaha tanaman hias Asteraceae dan Violaceae. Penelitian di
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36

Nikoleta, Kallajxhiu, Kapidani Gëzim, Turku Silvana, and Dauti Anxhela. "Comparative palynomorphological study of two species in the valley of Zagoria, Gjirokastra, Albania." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 15, no. 3 (2021): 199–205. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5060623.

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In this study there are demonstrated for the first time in albanian literature the palynomorphologic characteristics of two types of plants (<em>Centaurea epirota</em>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<em>Viola epirota</em>), collected in Zagoria valley, Gjirokastra region, in Albania. To carry out the study, light microscopy was used and it was concluded that the pollen grains of&nbsp;<em>Centaurea epirota</em>&nbsp;were 3 colporate, isopolar, with radial symmetry. In the polar view, the pollen grains have a circular triangular shape while in the equatorial view they have a compressed oval shape. Exine appeared
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37

Tania, Peshin, та K. Kar H. "Isolation and Characterization of β-Sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside from the Extract of the Flowers of Viola odorata". British Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 16, № 4 (2017): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.9734/BJPR/2017/33160.

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Isolation from the ethanol extract of the flowers of <em>Viola odorata</em> resulted in the isolation of β-Sitosterol-β-D-glucoside. This compound has not been previously isolated or reported from the flowers of this variety. The isolated β-Sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucosidewas characterized on the basis of spectroscopic techniques viz. infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. A tetra acetyl derivative of β-Sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside was synthesized and characterized. On hydrolysis of β-Sitosterol-β-D-glucoside, β-sitosterol was obtained and characterized.
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Janbaz, Khalid Hussain, Waseem Ullah Khan, Fatima Saqib, and Mamoona Khalid. "Pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of Viola odorata in diarrhea, bronchial asthma and hypertension." Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology 10, no. 4 (2015): 836. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v10i4.23889.

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&lt;p class="Abstract"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Viola odorata&lt;/em&gt; is traditionally used in the management of gastrointestinal, respiratory and vascular disorders. The present study was undertaken to validate its folkloric uses. The application of &lt;em&gt;V. odorata&lt;/em&gt; to spontaneous contractions in isolated rabbit jejunum preparation exerted relaxant effect through decrease in magnitude and frequency of contractions. Moreover, it also caused relaxation of K&lt;sup&gt;+ &lt;/sup&gt;(80 mM)-induced contractions and shifted the Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+ &lt;/sup&gt;concentration response curves toward
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39

Chand, Krishan, Hari Sankhyan, and Vimal Chauhan. "Effect of Different Doses of Nitrogen and Spacing on Viola odorata Linn. (Banafsha) in Mid Hill Zones of Himachal Pradesh." Journal of Non Timber Forest Products 22, no. 2 (2015): 61–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2015-4pa2xu.

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Viola odorata Linn. (Banafsha) is an important herb for commercial cultivation in temperate as well as sub-tropical climate (preferring a shady conditions) in the Himalayas. No systematic information on nitrogen fertilizer application and planting geometry is available for this crop. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to study the effect of the different doses of nitrogen and spacing on Viola odorata Linn. (Banafsha) in mid hill zones of Himachal Pradesh in Randomized Block Design with 3 replications. Treatments consisted of 4 levels of nitrogen (0, 60, 90, 120 kg/ha) and 5 row spacing (10
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Petrova, Natal'ya Valeriyevna, and Nina Anatol'yevna Medvedeva. "COMPONENT COMPOSITION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF GENUS VIOLA (VIOLACEAE) OF RUSSIAN FLO-RA." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 2 (June 10, 2020): 19–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2020026305.

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The subject of the review is the component composition and biological activity of species of genus Viola L. (Violaceae) from the flora of the Russian Federation according publications appeared over the past few decades. Chemical constituents and biological activities have been reported for 24 species of the 100 Viola species occurring in Russian. Components of various structures: flavonoids, cyclotides, anthocyanidins, phenylpropanoic acids, coumarins, alkaloids, fatty acids and its derivatives and ect. were found in the roots, aerial parts, flowers and leaves. Composition of 137 flavonoids, a
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Wiśniewska, N., J. Bohdanowicz, and A. Kowalkowska. "Micromorphology and ultrastructure of the floral nectaries of Viola odorata L. (Violaceae)." Modern Phytomorphology 7 (May 20, 2015): 59–66. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.160363.

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In Viola odorata two inferior anthers have connective appendages (nectaries) projecting into the corolla spur. Nectaries are approx. 4 mm long, elongate, with the top of the nectary bending to the lateral wall of the spur. In the top part and in the abaxial surface of middle part of the nectary all cells have papillae. Nectar is secreted through the modified stomata distributed mainly in the top of nectary The nectary consists of single-layered epidermis, nectary parenchyma and subnectary parenchyma. Features of the nectary parenchyma cells, like dense cytoplasm containing numerous mitochondri
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42

Kannappan, N., Anupama Diwan, Pooja Saini, Sandeep Singh, Vishal Antil, and Parveen Kumar. "Evaluation of the analgesic activity of Viola odorata aerial parts in rats." Journal of Natural Pharmaceuticals 2, no. 1 (2011): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2229-5119.78493.

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Svangård, Erika, Ulf Göransson, Derek Smith, et al. "Primary and 3-D modelled structures of two cyclotides from Viola odorata." Phytochemistry 64, no. 1 (2003): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9422(03)00218-8.

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Shafaghat, Zahra, Fatemeh Zarinkamar, and Mehrdad Nazari. "Ultraviolet-B radiation induces physiological, biochemical, and structural changes in Viola odorata." Vegetos 33, no. 3 (2020): 545–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42535-020-00139-0.

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Siddiqi, Hasan S., Malik H. Mehmood, Najeeb U. Rehman, and Anwar H. Gilani. "Studies on the antihypertensive and antidyslipidemic activities of Viola odorata leaves extract." Lipids in Health and Disease 11, no. 1 (2012): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1476-511x-11-6.

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Khalil, Fatma, Ahmed Abouelatta, Ghada Ramadan, and Heba Abd El-Aty. "Impact of some Pesticides on Population of Tetranychus Urticae on Viola Odorata." Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology 15, no. 3 (2024): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2024.270663.1217.

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47

Zainab O. Salman, Shaymaa I. K. Al-juboori, and Bushra M.J. Alwash. "ANTIOXIDANT AND CYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF ESSENTIAL OILS EXTRACTED FROM Viola odorata L. CULTIVATED IN IRAQ." IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 55, no. 5 (2024): 1734–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.36103/tx316514.

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This study was aimed to determine the composition of essential oil contained in Viola odorata flowers and leaves. As well as assessing the cytotoxic effects of this oil on cancer cells and its antioxidant properties. A GC-Mass analysis was conducted to reveal essential oil components in flowers and leaves. For testing the antioxidant capacity of flowers and leaves oil, DPPH (1,1 Dyphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), resazurin dye, and hydroxyl were used. An in vitro study was conducted using lung cancer (A549) and breast normal (MCF-10) cell lines with concentrations of 25, 50, 100, 200, and 300 µl/ml o
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MARCUSSEN, THOMAS. "Allozymic variation in the widespread and cultivated Viola odorata (Violaceae) in western Eurasia." Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 151, no. 4 (2006): 563–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2006.00543.x.

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Asthana, Monika. "Dose Response of Viola odorata on Meiotic and Mitotic Chromosomes of Vicia faba." British Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 4, no. 4 (2014): 520–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bjpr/2014/5998.

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Jamshed, Humaira, Hasan Salman Siddiqi, Anwar‐ul‐Hassan Gilani, Jamshed Arslan, Muhammad Qasim, and Bilquees Gul. "Studies on antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and vasculoprotective potential of Viola odorata and Wrightia tinctoria." Phytotherapy Research 33, no. 9 (2019): 2310–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6411.

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