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Journal articles on the topic 'Violation of Bell's inequalities'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 16 July 2025

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1

SONG, ZHIGANG, J. Q. LIANG, and L. F. WEI. "SPIN-PARITY EFFECT IN VIOLATION OF BELL'S INEQUALITIES." Modern Physics Letters B 28, no. 01 (2013): 1450004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984914500043.

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Analytic formulas of Bell correlations are derived in terms of quantum probability statistics under the assumption of measuring outcome-independence and the Bell's inequalities (BIs) are extended to general bipartite-entanglement macroscopic quantum-states (MQS) of arbitrary spins. For a spin-½ entangled state we find analytically that the violations of BIs really resulted from the quantum nonlocal correlations. However, the BIs are always satisfied for the spin-1 entangled MQS. More generally the quantum nonlocality does not lead to the violation for the integer spins since the nonlocal inter

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2

Souza, A. M., A. Magalhães, J. Teles, et al. "NMR analog of Bell's inequalities violation test." New Journal of Physics 10, no. 3 (2008): 033020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/10/3/033020.

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3

ACÍN, ANTONIO, NICOLAS GISIN, LLUIS MASANES, and VALERIO SCARANI. "BELL'S INEQUALITIES DETECT EFFICIENT ENTANGLEMENT." International Journal of Quantum Information 02, no. 01 (2004): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749904000043.

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We review the status of Bell's inequalities in quantum information, stressing mainly the links with quantum key distribution and distillation of entanglement. We also prove that for all the eavesdropping attacks using one qubit, and for a family of attacks of two qubits, acting on half of a maximally entangled state of two qubits, the violation of a Bell inequality implies the possibility of an efficient secret-key extraction.

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4

BARANOV, SERGEY P. "BELL'S INEQUALITY IN CHARMONIUM DECAYS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 24, no. 02n03 (2009): 480–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x09043894.

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This note addresses the issue of checking Bell's inequalities in elementary particle physics. A new expression for the Bell's inequality is proposed in terms of experimentally measurable angular observables. As an example, the degree of violation of the Bell's inequality in the decays [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] is studied.

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5

Mukherjee, Kaushiki, Tapaswini Patro, and Nirman Ganguly. "Role of Steering Inequality in Quantum Key Distribution Protocol." Quanta 12, no. 1 (2023): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.12743/quanta.v12i1.210.

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Violation of Bell's inequality has been the mainspring for secure key generation in an entanglement assisted Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol. Various contributions have relied on the violation of Bell inequalities to build an appropriate QKD protocol. Residing between Bell nonlocality and entanglement, there exists a hybrid trait of correlations, namely correlations exhibited through the violation of steering inequalities. However, such correlations have not been put to use in QKD protocols as much as their stronger counterpart, the Bell violations. In the present work, we show that th

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6

Tan, S. M., and D. F. Walls. "Violation of Bell's inequalities with parametric down-conversion." Optics Communications 71, no. 3-4 (1989): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4018(89)90434-3.

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7

Durt, Thomas. "Three interpretations of the violation of Bell's inequalities." Foundations of Physics 27, no. 3 (1997): 415–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02550164.

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8

Tang, Jian-Shun, Yu-Long Li, Chuan-Feng Li, et al. "Experimental Violation of Multiple-Measurement Time-Domain Bell's Inequalities." Chinese Physics Letters 28, no. 6 (2011): 060304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/28/6/060304.

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9

Suppes, Patrick, J. Acacio de Barros, and Adonai S. Sant'Anna. "Violation of bell's inequalities with a local theory of photons." Foundations of Physics Letters 9, no. 6 (1996): 551–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02190030.

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10

SANTAMATO, ENRICO, and FRANCESCO DE MARTINI. "SOLVING THE NONLOCALITY RIDDLE BY CONFORMAL QUANTUM GEOMETRODYNAMICS." International Journal of Quantum Information 10, no. 08 (2012): 1241013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749912410134.

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Since the 1935 proposal by Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen the riddle of nonlocality, today demonstrated by the violation of Bell's inequalities within innumerable experiments, has been a cause of concern and confusion within the debate over the foundations of quantum mechanics. The present paper tackles the problem by a nonrelativistic approach based on conformal differential geometry applied to the solution of the dynamical problem of two entangled spin 1/2 particles. It is found that the quantum nonlocality may be understood on the basis of a conformal quantum geometrodynamics acting necessari

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11

Summers, Stephen J., and Reinhard Werner. "Maximal violation of Bell's inequalities is generic in quantum field theory." Communications in Mathematical Physics 110, no. 2 (1987): 247–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01207366.

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12

Chang, Lay Nam, Zachary Lewis, Djordje Minic, Tatsu Takeuchi, and Chia-Hsiung Tze. "Bell's Inequalities, Superquantum Correlations, and String Theory." Advances in High Energy Physics 2011 (2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/593423.

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We offer an interpretation of superquantum correlations in terms of a “doubly” quantum theory. We argue that string theory, viewed as a quantum theory with two deformation parameters, the string tensionα', and the string coupling constantgs, is such a superquantum theory that transgresses the usual quantum violations of Bell's inequalities. We also discuss theℏ→∞limit of quantum mechanics in this context. As a superquantum theory, string theory should display distinct experimentally observable supercorrelations of entangled stringy states.

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13

Leggio, Bruno, Vladimir I. Man'ko, Margarita A. Man'ko, and Antonino Messina. "Tomographic approach to the violation of Bell's inequalities for quantum states of two qutrits." Physics Letters A 373, no. 45 (2009): 4101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2009.09.022.

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14

Lazarovici, Dustin. "A relativistic retrocausal model violating Bell's inequality." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 471, no. 2173 (2015): 20140454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2014.0454.

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We present a simple model demonstrating that time-symmetric (advanced + retarded) relativistic interactions can account for statistical correlations violating the Bell inequalities while avoiding conspiracies as well as the commitment to instantaneous (direct space-like) influences. We provide an explicit statistical analysis of the model while highlighting some of the difficulties arising from retrocausal effects. Finally, we discuss how this account fits into the framework of Bell's theorem.

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15

Solis-Labastida, Aldo F. G., Melina Gastelum, and Jorge G. Hirsch. "The Violation of Bell-CHSH Inequalities Leads to Different Conclusions Depending on the Description Used." Entropy 23, no. 7 (2021): 872. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23070872.

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Since the experimental observation of the violation of the Bell-CHSH inequalities, much has been said about the non-local and contextual character of the underlying system. However, the hypothesis from which Bell’s inequalities are derived differ according to the probability space used to write them. The violation of Bell’s inequalities can, alternatively, be explained by assuming that the hidden variables do not exist at all, that they exist but their values cannot be simultaneously assigned, that the values can be assigned but joint probabilities cannot be properly defined, or that averages

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16

Rastegin, Alexey E. "Tests for quantum contextuality in terms of Q-entropies." Quantum Information and Computation 14, no. 11&12 (2014): 996–1013. http://dx.doi.org/10.26421/qic14.11-12-7.

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The information-theoretic approach to Bell's theorem is developed with use of the conditional $q$-entropies. The $q$-entropic measures fulfill many similar properties to the standard Shannon entropy. In general, both the locality and noncontextuality notions are usually treated with use of the so-called marginal scenarios. These hypotheses lead to the existence of a joint probability distribution, which marginalizes to all particular ones. Assuming the existence of such a joint probability distribution, we derive the family of inequalities of Bell's type in terms of conditional $q$-entropies f

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17

Palmer, T. N. "Bell's conspiracy, Schrödinger's black cat and global invariant sets." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 373, no. 2047 (2015): 20140246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2014.0246.

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A locally causal hidden-variable theory of quantum physics need not be constrained by the Bell inequalities if this theory also partially violates the measurement independence condition. However, such violation can appear unphysical, implying implausible conspiratorial correlations between the hidden variables of particles being measured and earlier determinants of instrumental settings. A novel physically plausible explanation for such correlations is proposed, based on the hypothesis that states of physical reality lie precisely on a non-computational measure-zero dynamically invariant set i

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18

Di Giuseppe, G., F. De Martini, and D. Boschi. "Test of the violation of local realism in quantum mechanics with no use of Bell's inequalities." Erkenntnis 45, no. 2-3 (1996): 367–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00276800.

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19

Munro, W. J., and M. D. Reid. "Violations of Bell's inequalities in multiparticle states generated using parametric amplification." Quantum Optics: Journal of the European Optical Society Part B 6, no. 1 (1994): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-8998/6/1/001.

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20

Yīng, Yìlè, Marina Maciel Ansanelli, Andrea Di Biagio, Elie Wolfe, David Schmid, and Eric Gama Cavalcanti. "Relating Wigner's Friend Scenarios to Nonclassical Causal Compatibility, Monogamy Relations, and Fine Tuning." Quantum 8 (September 26, 2024): 1485. http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/q-2024-09-26-1485.

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Nonclassical causal modeling was developed in order to explain violations of Bell inequalities while adhering to relativistic causal structure and faithfulness---that is, avoiding fine-tuned causal explanations. Recently, a no-go theorem that can be viewed as being stronger than Bell's theorem has been derived, based on extensions of the Wigner's friend thought experiment: the Local Friendliness (LF) no-go theorem. Here we show that the LF no-go theorem poses formidable challenges for the field of causal modeling, even when nonclassical and/or cyclic causal explanations are considered. We firs

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21

Auffèves, Alexia, and Philippe Grangier. "Violation of Bell’s inequalities in a quantum realistic framework." International Journal of Quantum Information 14, no. 04 (2016): 1640002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749916400025.

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We discuss the recently observed “loophole free” violation of Bell’s inequalities in the framework of a physically realist view of quantum mechanics (QM), which requires that physical properties are attributed jointly to a system, and to the context in which it is embedded. This approach is clearly different from classical realism, but it does define a meaningful “quantum realism” from a general philosophical point of view. Consistently with Bell test experiments, this quantum realism embeds some form of non-locality, but does not contain any action at a distance, in agreement with QM.

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22

Bohata, Martin, and Jan Hamhalter. "Maximal violation of Bell’s inequalities and Pauli spin matrices." Journal of Mathematical Physics 50, no. 8 (2009): 082101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3190118.

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23

Budiyono, Agung. "Is Nonlocality Responsible for the Violation of Bell’s Inequalities?" International Journal of Theoretical Physics 53, no. 11 (2014): 3808–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10773-014-2134-5.

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24

Mancini, S., and P. Tombesi. "Entanglement and nonlocality for a mixture of a pair-coherent state." Quantum Information and Computation 3, no. 2 (2003): 106–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.26421/qic3.2-2.

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We consider a bipartite continuous variables quantum mixture coming from phase randomization of a pair-coherent state. We study the nonclassical properties of such a mixture. In particular, we quantify its degree of entanglement, then we show possible violations of Bell's inequalities. We also consider the use of this mixture in quantum teleportation. Finally, we compare this mixture with that obtained from a pair-coherent state by single photon loss.

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25

Etesse, Jean, Rémi Blandino, Bhaskar Kanseri, and Rosa Tualle-Brouri. "Proposal for a loophole-free violation of Bell's inequalities with a set of single photons and homodyne measurements." New Journal of Physics 16, no. 5 (2014): 053001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/16/5/053001.

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26

Hamhalter, Jan, and Ekaterina A. Turilova. "Violation of Bell’s Inequalities in Jordan Triples and Jordan Algebras." Proceedings of the Steklov Institute of Mathematics 324, no. 1 (2024): 213–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s008154382401019x.

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27

Sanctuary, Bryan. "Spin Helicity and the Disproof of Bell’s Theorem." Quantum Reports 6, no. 3 (2024): 436–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/quantum6030028.

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Under the quaternion group, Q8, spin helicity emerges as a crucial element of the reality of spin and is complementary to its polarization. We show that the correlation in EPR coincidence experiments is conserved upon separation from a singlet state and distributed between its polarization and coherence. Including helicity accounts for the violation of Bell’s Inequalities without non-locality, and disproves Bell’s Theorem by a counterexample.

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28

Aerts, Diederik, Suzette Geriente, Roberto Leporini, and Sandro Sozzo. "Bell’s Inequalities and Entanglement in Corpora of Italian Language." Entropy 27, no. 7 (2025): 656. https://doi.org/10.3390/e27070656.

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We analyse the results of three information retrieval tests on conceptual combinations that we have recently performed using corpora of Italian language. Each test has the form of a ‘Bell-type test’ and was aimed at identifying `quantum entanglement’ in the combination, or composition, of two concepts. In the first two tests, we studied the Italian translation of the combination The Animal Acts, while in the third test, we studied the Italian translation of the combination The Animal eats the Food. We found a significant violation of Bell’s inequalities in all tests. Empirical patterns confirm

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29

JANZING, DOMINIK, and THOMAS BETH. "ON THE POTENTIAL INFLUENCE OF QUANTUM NOISE ON MEASURING EFFECTIVENESS IN CLINICAL TRIALS." International Journal of Quantum Information 04, no. 02 (2006): 347–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749906001827.

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To test the effectiveness of a drug, the medical researcher can instruct two randomly selected groups of patients to take the drug or not to take it. Each group should comply with the instructions exactly or else the causal effect cannot be identified satisfactorily. This holds true even when those who do not comply are identified afterwards, since latent factors such as patient's personality can influence both his decision and his physical response. However, one can still give bounds on the effectiveness of the drug depending on the rate of compliance. They are described by 16 inequalities. R

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30

Zhang, Haifeng, Jianhua Wang, Zhigang Song, J. Q. Liang, and L. F. Wei. "Spin-parity effect in violation of Bell’s inequalities for entangled states of parallel polarization." Modern Physics Letters B 31, no. 04 (2017): 1750032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984917500324.

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Bell’s inequalities (BIs) derived in terms of quantum probability statistics are extended to general bipartite-entangled states of arbitrary spins with parallel polarization. The original formula of Bell for the two-spin singlet is slightly modified in the parallel configuration, while the inequality formulated by Clauser–Horne–Shimony–Holt (CHSH) remains unchanged. The violation of BIs indeed resulted from the quantum nonlocal correlation for spin-[Formula: see text] case. However, the inequalities are always satisfied for the spin-1 entangled states regardless of parallel or antiparallel pol

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31

Ansari, Nadeem A., and M. Suhail Zubairy. "Violation of Cauchy-Schwarz and Bell’s inequalities in four-wave mixing." Physical Review A 38, no. 5 (1988): 2380–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.38.2380.

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32

Serret, Olivier. "A Chart of Conversion Supporting EPR Paradox vs. Bell’s Inequalities Violation." Journal of Modern Physics 06, no. 13 (2015): 1950–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jmp.2015.613201.

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33

Hnilo, Alejandro Andrés. "Locality, Realism, Ergodicity and Randomness in Bell’s Experiment." Entropy 25, no. 1 (2023): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25010160.

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Assuming that there is no way of sending signals propagating faster than light and that free will exists, the loophole-free observed violation of Bell’s inequalities demonstrates that at least one of three fundamental hypotheses involved in the derivation and observation of the inequalities is false: Locality, Realism, or Ergodicity. An experiment is proposed to obtain some evidence about which one is the false one. It is based on recording the time evolution of the rate of non-random series of outcomes that are generated in a specially designed Bell’s setup. The results of such experiment wou

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34

Khrennikov, Andrei. "Violation of the Bell’s type inequalities as a local expression of incompatibility." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1275 (September 2019): 012018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1275/1/012018.

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35

Baumann, Veronika. "Classical Information and Collapse in Wigner’s Friend Setups." Entropy 25, no. 10 (2023): 1420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25101420.

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The famous Wigner’s friend experiment considers an observer—the friend—and a superobserver—Wigner—who treats the friend as a quantum system and her interaction with other quantum systems as unitary dynamics. This is at odds with the friend describing this interaction via collapse dynamics, if she interacts with the quantum system in a way that she would consider a measurement. These different descriptions constitute the Wigner’s friend paradox. Extended Wigner’s friend experiments combine the original thought experiment with non-locality setups. This allows for deriving local friendliness ineq

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36

Sassoli de Bianchi, Massimiliano. "A remark on the role of indeterminism and non-locality in the violation of Bell’s inequalities." Annals of Physics 342 (March 2014): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aop.2013.12.011.

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37

Leifer, Matthew S., and Matthew F. Pusey. "Is a time symmetric interpretation of quantum theory possible without retrocausality?" Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 473, no. 2202 (2017): 20160607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2016.0607.

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Huw Price has proposed an argument that suggests a time symmetric ontology for quantum theory must necessarily be retrocausal, i.e. it must involve influences that travel backwards in time. One of Price's assumptions is that the quantum state is a state of reality. However, one of the reasons for exploring retrocausality is that it offers the potential for evading the consequences of no-go theorems, including recent proofs of the reality of the quantum state. Here, we show that this assumption can be replaced by a different assumption, called λ -mediation, that plausibly holds independently of

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38

Yao, P., and S. Hughes. "Macroscopic entanglement and violation of Bell’s inequalities between two spatially separated quantum dots in a planar photonic crystal system." Optics Express 17, no. 14 (2009): 11505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.17.011505.

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39

Sanctuary, Bryan. "EPR Correlations Using Quaternion Spin." Quantum Reports 6, no. 3 (2024): 409–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/quantum6030026.

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We present a statistical simulation replicating the correlation observed in EPR coincidence experiments without needing non-local connectivity. We define spin coherence as a spin attribute that complements polarization by being anti-symmetric and generating helicity. Point particle spin becomes structured with two orthogonal magnetic moments, each with a spin of 12—these moments couple in free flight to create a spin-1 boson. Depending on its orientation in the field, when it encounters a filter, it either decouples into two independent fermion spins of 12, or it remains a boson and precedes w

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40

Fulton, Jesse, Manushan Thenabadu, Run Yan Teh, and Margaret D. Reid. "Weak versus Deterministic Macroscopic Realism, and Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen’s Elements of Reality." Entropy 26, no. 1 (2023): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e26010011.

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The violation of a Leggett–Garg inequality confirms the incompatibility between quantum mechanics and the combined premises (called macro-realism) of macroscopic realism (MR) and noninvasive measurability (NIM). Arguments can be given that the incompatibility arises because MR fails for systems in a superposition of macroscopically distinct states—or else, that NIM fails. In this paper, we consider a strong negation of macro-realism, involving superpositions of coherent states, where the NIM premise is replaced by Bell’s locality premise. We follow recent work and propose the validity of a sub

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41

Czachor, Marek. "Hidden Tensor Structures." Entropy 26, no. 2 (2024): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e26020145.

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Any single system whose space of states is given by a separable Hilbert space is automatically equipped with infinitely many hidden tensor-like structures. This includes all quantum mechanical systems as well as classical field theories and classical signal analysis. Accordingly, systems as simple as a single one-dimensional harmonic oscillator, an infinite potential well, or a classical finite-amplitude signal of finite duration can be decomposed into an arbitrary number of subsystems. The resulting structure is rich enough to enable quantum computation, violation of Bell’s inequalities, and

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42

Barukčić, Ilija. "Open Letter to His Majesty Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden." Causation 18, no. 5 (2022): 5——24. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7523726.

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<strong>Public Anonymous Voting for or against the Nobel Prize in Physics 2022</strong> <strong>Terms of Use</strong> To Whom It May Concern, You are welcome to <em><strong>read this article online</strong></em> freely and without any restrictions in whatever manner you prefer. If you choose to download this article, I kindly ask that you do so only after thoroughly reviewing it online and if you voluntarily agree to the following two conditions: By downloading this article, you are casting an anonymous yet public vote <strong>against the decision of the Nobel Committee for Physics of The

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43

Sica, Louis. "Bell's inequalities." Optics Communications 170, no. 1-3 (1999): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0030-4018(99)00417-4.

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44

Sica, Louis. "Bell's inequalities." Optics Communications 170, no. 1-3 (1999): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0030-4018(99)00418-6.

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45

Matsuyama, Kengo, Holger F. Hofmann, and Masataka Iinuma. "Experimental investigation of the relation between measurement uncertainties and non-local quantum correlations." Journal of Physics Communications 5, no. 11 (2021): 115012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2399-6528/ac3109.

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Abstract Bell’s inequalities are defined by sums of correlations involving non-commuting observables in each of the two systems. Violations of Bell’s inequalities are only possible because the precision of any joint measurement of these observables will be limited by quantum mechanical uncertainty relations. In this paper we explore the relation between the local measurement uncertainties and the magnitude of the correlations by preparing polarization entangled photon pairs and performing joint measurements of non-commuting polarization components at different uncertainty trade-offs. The chang

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46

Khanna, F., A. Mann, M. Revzen, and S. Roy. "Bell's inequality violation and symmetry." Physics Letters A 294, no. 1 (2002): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-9601(02)00006-3.

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47

González-Robles, V. M. "Bell's Inequalities for Any Spin." Modern Physics Letters A 18, no. 28 (2003): 1931–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732303011629.

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John Ju Sakurai's classical book in quantum mechanics makes a very illuminative presentation that studies entangled states in a two spin s=1/2 particles system in a singlet state. A Bell's inequality emerges as a consequence. Bell's inequality is a relationship among observables that discriminates between Einstein's locality principle and the nonlocal point of view of orthodox quantum mechanics. Following Sakurai's style we propose, by making natural induction, a generalization for Bell's inequality for any two spin-s particles in a singlet state (s integer or half-integer). This inequality is

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48

Umakantha, N. "Represental Approach of Bell's Inequalities." Physics Essays 13, no. 4 (2000): 640–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4006/1.3025453.

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49

van Fraassen, B. C. "Conditionalizing on violated Bell's inequalities." Analysis 65, no. 1 (2005): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/analys/65.1.27.

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50

Maddox, John. "New ways with Bell's inequalities." Nature 335, no. 6185 (1988): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/335009a0.

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