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1
Margherita, Manuela, Lorenzo Franceschetti, Lidia Maggioni, Giulia Vignali, Alessandra Kustermann, and Cristina Cattaneo. "Male victims of sexual abuse and domestic violence: A steadily increasing phenomenon." Medicine, Science and the Law 61, no. 1_suppl (January 2021): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0025802420947003.
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Violence perpetrated on male victims is a phenomenon that is currently underestimated by both national and international scientific communities, since males are historically (and stereotypically) considered the perpetrators rather than the victims of violence. As a consequence, the available literature lacks data which would allow a better understanding of this issue and its presenting features. We undertook a retrospective analysis of 231 medical files of male victims of violence over a five-year-period (2014–2018) at the Soccorso Violenza Sessuale e Domestica Centre in Milan, Italy. The sample included 112 victims of sexual violence and 119 victims of domestic violence, most of whom were younger than 18 years of age. The main aim of this study was to describe the presentations of male victims of violence in order to understand the phenomenon better, increase awareness of the issue and enable improved health-care management. The need to pay more attention to this vulnerable part of the population is mandatory in health-care services, and it includes: the provision of management guidelines, training to attending physicians and a supportive service to male survivors. Understanding which risk factors are related to male abuse can help with the development of programmes that identify, prevent and minimise violence – this being especially useful for primary-care clinicians. This is the first Italian study to deal with domestic and sexual violence involving male victims.
2
Endrass, J., and A. Rossegger. "Mental Disorders in Victims of Sexual Violence." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70515-2.
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Many investigations have shown a strong relationship between childhood sex abuse (CSA) and severe negative health and social outcomes among female and male victims of childhood sex abuse. The risk for unintended pregnancies, risky sexual behavior in general, and HIV-risk behavior is considerably elevated, leading to the contraction of sexually transmitted diseases. Furthermore, CSA victims are likely to be assaulted again as adults and a minority of CSA victims can become a perpetrator themselves. With respect to mental health outcomes, a higher prevalence of alcoholism, drug abuse, addiction, and pathologic gambling is found in CSA survivors. Additionally, CSA survivors are more vulnerable to anorexia nervosa, affective disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), or suffer personality disorders, especially borderline personality disorder (BPD). Furthermore, childhood sex abuse victims are more vulnerable to suicidal behaviour, showing frequent suicidal ideation and suicide attempts.
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Hiller, P. C., and C. R. Goddard. "The Sexually Abused Child: Female and Male Victims Compared." Children Australia 15, no. 3 (1990): 20–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200002972.
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In the last fifteen years a great deal of material has been published on child sexual abuse. All violence within the home retains a significant element of secrecy, but child sexual abuse has remained a shadowy secret longer than other forms of intra-familial assault. The battle to draw attention to physical abuse of children within the family was hard fought but controversy over child sexual abuse retains its intensity.There are disagreements over the scale of the problem (Glaser and Frosh, 1988; Search. 1988) and the research findings concerning the effects of child sexual abuse vary ‘wildly’ (O'Hagan, 1989:53). Some myths about the problem however, have been successfully challenged. The stranger is no longer seen as the main danger and it is recognised that most perpetrators are members of the victim's immediate or extended family or known to the victim (Goddard, 1988).
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Kernic, Mary A., Victoria L. Holt, Julie A. Stoner, Marsha E. Wolf, and Frederick P. Rivara. "Resolution of Depression Among Victims of Intimate Partner Violence: Is Cessation of Violence Enough?" Violence and Victims 18, no. 2 (April 2003): 115–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/vivi.2003.18.2.115.
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The objective of this article is to assess the effect of abuse cessation on depressive symptoms among women abused by a male intimate partner. This prospective cohort study of Seattle women with a history of intimate partner violence (IPV) who were classified by history of abuse and abuse status at 3 month, 9 month, and 2 year follow-up interviews. Relative risks (RR) were calculated using generalized estimating equations. Among subjects with a history of psychological abuse only, cessation of abuse was associated with a nonsignificant reduction in the likelihood of depression compared to subjects whose abuse continued (aRR = 0.88; 95%CI: 0.75,1.03). Among subjects with a history of physical/sexual abuse and psychological abuse, cessation of physical/sexual abuse only was associated with a 27% decline, and cessation of both types of abuse was associated with a 35% decline in the likelihood of depression (aRR = 0.73, 95%CI: 0.63,0.86; and aRR = 0.65; 95%CI: 0.55,0.76; respectively). Cessation of abuse among victims of IPV is associated with a decreased prevalence of depression.
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Han, Hye Hyun. "The body as the space in which power operates: Sexual violence of clergymen in the Korean church." Review & Expositor 117, no. 2 (May 2020): 222–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0034637320928140.
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The Korean version of the #MeToo movement has greatly influenced Korean society, and the new social awareness of sexual assault became a hot topic in the field of religion, especially in Korean Christianity. Various hidden cases have been publicized, and victims have begun to raise their once-muted voices. One noticeable factor in sexual harassment in Korean Christianity is the imbalance of power between offenders and victims. The abusers are mostly male pastors who hold absolute authority in their congregation and use this power to force victims to hide the truth. This article presents three main causes that lead to sexual harassment and sexual abuse in Korean churches—the absolute authority of pastors in Korean congregations, the coerced silence of the victims, and the sexual grooming caused by the imbalance of power between the abuser and victim—along with reasons why we stand with the victims.
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Purwanti, Ani. "PROTECTION AND REHABILITATION FOR WOMEN VICTIMS OF VIOLENCE ACCORDING TO INDONESIAN LAW (STUDY ON CENTRAL JAVA GOVERNMENT'S HANDLING THROUGH KPK2BGA)." Diponegoro Law Review 2, no. 2 (October 30, 2017): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/dilrev.2.2.2017.68-81.
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Based on the report of Indonesia’s National Commission of Women Rights, the data of violence against women in 2017 are distributed as 10205 cases of domestic violence (75%), 3092 cases in community level (22%), and 305 cases in nation sphere (3%). Domestic violence is the most occurred violence with 4281 cases of physical abuse (42%), followed by 3495 cases of sexual abuse (34%), 1451 cases of psychological abuse (14%), and 978 cases of economic abuse (10%). There are 3092 cases of violence in community level, where sexual abuse is placed in the first rank with 2.290 cases (74%), followed by physical abuse with 490 cases (16%), psychological abuse with 83 cases (3%), violence to migrant labor with 90 cases (3%), and trafficking with 139 cases (4%). The data in Central Java since 2014 until April 2017 noted 5881 victims of violence, consisting of 4724 female and male victims. The data showed that there are 5163 male and 425 female offenders in the violence cases.The fulfillment of the rights for women to get the protection and rehabilitation, especially to get quality, comprehensive, and continuous rehabilitation is urgently required. The regulation to protect and rehabilitate women as the victims of violence exists, although the implementation is not enough.This research used socio-legal approach; an approach overviews the legal and social aspect in observing and finding solution related to the problems in this research.Legal protection to women as the victims of violence exists in the Law and Regulation in Indonesia (Law of Domestic Violence, Law of Trafficking, Law of Victim and Witnesses Protection), while the rehabilitation to violence against women includes medical services, legal aid services, legal enforcement services, legal re-socialization, shelter service, home security services, and counselling services.
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Rodrigues, Cintia Leci, Jane de Eston Armond, and Carlos Gorios. "Physical and sexual aggression against elderly persons reported in the city of São Paulo." Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia 18, no. 4 (December 2015): 755–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-9823.2015.14177.
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Objectives : To characterize the population of elderly people who have suffered physical and sexual violence, and describe the features of this aggression based on the Information System for Violence and Injury Surveillance (ISVIS) of the Municipal Health Department of the city of São Paulo. Method : A cross-sectional, retrospective study was performed of all cases of elderly victims of physical and sexual violence reported in São Paulo in 2013. Results : A total of 602 cases of elderly victims of physical abuse were reported, of which 52.3% were male. In the same period there were ten reported cases of elderly victims of sexual assault, 90% of whom were female. The main diagnosis of injury was head trauma (33.2%) and 65.0% of victims were discharged from hospital immediately. Conclusion : Physical abuse with the use of physical force was higher among male elderly persons, and sexual assault was higher among women. Most of the attacks took place at the residence of the elderly person, and were committed by family members.
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Davis, Kelly Cue, N. Tatiana Masters, Erin Casey, Kelly F. Kajumulo, Jeanette Norris, and William H. George. "How Childhood Maltreatment Profiles of Male Victims Predict Adult Perpetration and Psychosocial Functioning." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 33, no. 6 (November 20, 2015): 915–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260515613345.
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This study used latent class analysis to empirically identify subgroups of men based on their exposure to childhood maltreatment (i.e., emotional neglect and abuse, physical neglect and abuse, and sexual abuse). It then examined subgroups’ differential perpetration of adult intimate partner violence (IPV; both psychological and physical), violence against peers, and sexual assault. Finally, we compared sociodemographic variables and psychosocial functioning across profiles to characterize the adult experiences of men in different maltreatment groups. The community sample consisted of 626 heterosexually active 21- to 30-year-old men. We identified four subgroups: Low Maltreatment (80% of the sample), Emotional and Physical Maltreatment (12%), Emotional and Sexual Maltreatment (4%), and Poly-Victimized (4%). The Low Maltreatment group had significantly lower IPV perpetration rates than the Emotional and Physical Maltreatment group, but groups did not significantly differ on peer violence or sexual assault perpetration rates. Overall, Poly-Victimized men were significantly worse off than the Low Maltreatment group regarding income, education level, and incarceration history. Their rates of recent anxiety and depression symptoms were also higher than those of Low Maltreatment men. Findings support the use of person-oriented techniques for deriving patterns of childhood maltreatment and how these patterns relate to psychological, behavioral, and social factors in adulthood.
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Godbout, Natacha, Marie-Pier Vaillancourt-Morel, Noémie Bigras, John Briere, Martine Hébert, Marsha Runtz, and Stéphane Sabourin. "Intimate Partner Violence in Male Survivors of Child Maltreatment: A Meta-Analysis." Trauma, Violence, & Abuse 20, no. 1 (February 19, 2017): 99–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524838017692382.
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Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a major public health concern. Yet, despite an increasingly extensive literature on interpersonal violence, research on male victims of IPV remains sparse and the associations between different forms of child maltreatment (CM) and IPV victimization and perpetration in men remains unclear. The present meta-analysis evaluated five different forms of CM (sexual, physical, and psychological abuses, neglect, and witnessing IPV) as they predicted sexual, psychological, and physical IPV perpetration and victimization in men. Overall, most available studies examined men as perpetrators of IPV, whereas studies of victimization in men were relatively scarce. Results reveal an overall significant association ( r = .19) between CM and IPV. The magnitude of this effect did not vary as a function of type (perpetration vs. victimization) or form (sexual, psychological, or physical) of IPV. Although all forms of CM were related to IPV, with effect sizes ranging from .05 (neglect and IPV victimization) to .26 (psychological abuse and IPV victimization), these associations varied in magnitude according to the type of CM. Findings suggest the importance of expanding research on CM and IPV to include a range of different kinds of abuse and neglect and to raise concerns about the experience of men as both victims and perpetrators of IPV.
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Cole, Jennifer, TK Logan, and Lisa Shannon. "Intimate Sexual Victimization Among Women With Protective Orders: Types and Associations of Physical and Mental Health Problems." Violence and Victims 20, no. 6 (December 2005): 695–715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.20.6.695.
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Intimate sexual violence was examined among a sample of women who had recently obtained protective orders against male partners using three groups: no sexual victimization (n = 368), sexual insistence (n = 114), and threatened and/or forced sex (n = 117). Differences in childhood sexual abuse as well as types of partner psychological abuse, stalking, and severe physical violence experiences were found across the groups. Multivariate analysis showed that women with no sexual victimization had significantly fewer mental health problems than women who had experienced sexual insistence and women who had been threatened or forced to have sex. Findings from this study underscore the importance of health, mental health, and criminal justice professionals assessing for a range of sexually abusive acts when working with victims of partner violence.
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Rooney, Margaux. "The Evolution of Services for Male Domestic Violence Victims at WEAVE." Partner Abuse 1, no. 1 (January 2010): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1946-6560.1.1.117.
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Domestic violence victim service providers are challenged to create programs that are responsive to a broad range of clients who are diverse in gender and sexual orientation and present with a spectrum of abuse histories and complex co-occurring conditions. The scope of victim services needs to be examined and adjusted in order to better address the complicated issues that these clients present. This necessitates expanding beyond the feminist-based peer-counselor model that most domestic violence agencies are founded upon and integrating a gender-inclusive clinical approach that addresses the relational dynamics of the abuse and underlying psychotherapeutic issues. WEAVE, Sacramento County’s primary provider of domestic violence services, is successfully modifying its culture and programs to be more responsive to clients of both genders accessing services with various trauma histories.
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ALISON, MIRANDA. "Wartime sexual violence: women’s human rights and questions of masculinity." Review of International Studies 33, no. 1 (January 2007): 75–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210507007310.
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This article examines wartime sexual violence, one of the most recurring wartime human rights abuses. It asserts that our theorisations need further development, particularly in regard to the way that masculinities and the intersections with constructions of ethnicity feature in wartime sexual violence. The article also argues that although women and girls are the predominant victims of sexual violence and men and boys the predominant agents, we must also be able to account for the presence of male victims and female agents. This, however, engenders a problem; much of the women’s human rights discourse and existing international mechanisms for addressing wartime sexual violence tend to reify the male-perpetrator/female-victim paradigm. This is a problem which feminist human rights theorists and activists need to address.
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Iverson, Katherine M., Sherlyn Jimenez, Kelly M. Harrington, and Patricia A. Resick. "The Contribution of Childhood Family Violence on Later Intimate Partner Violence Among Robbery Victims." Violence and Victims 26, no. 1 (2011): 73–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.26.1.73.
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This study examined the relative contributions of the three forms of childhood family violence exposure on physical intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization among recent robbery victims and tested a gender-matching modeling prediction for IPV risk. Data from a sample of 103 male and 93 female victims of a robbery were analyzed to investigate the effects of exposure to childhood physical abuse (CPA), childhood sexual abuse (CSA), and witnessing parental violence on the likelihood of IPV in adulthood. As expected, witnessing parental violence was associated with a 2.4-fold increase in IPV for both men and women. Neither CPA nor CSA was significantly associated with IPV after accounting for the effect of witnessing parental violence. There was support for the gender-matching hypothesis with men more likely to report IPV if they had witnessed mother-to-father violence and women more likely to report IPV if they had witnessed father-to-mother violence. Witnessing parental violence is strongly associated with risk for IPV victimization, particularly when the victim is the same-gender parent. Future directions and clinical implications are discussed.
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Nutskova, E. V., and V. D. Badmaeva. "Consequences of Sexual Violence and Abuse On Minors: Gender Specifics." Psychology and Law 10, no. 3 (2020): 235–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2020100316.
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The article presents the results of a comprehensive psychological and psychiatric study of 155 juvenile victims of sexual violence and abuse. The article states the most common psychological consequences of experienced sexual violence and abuse in various spheres of mental activity among groups of boys and girls. The quantitative and qualitative characteristics of these consequences have significant differences in the groups of victims, depending on the mental condition and gender. It was found that common symptoms are manifested in the emotional-volitional, semantic and behavioral spheres. The gender specifics of the consequences of sexual violence and abuseamong girls mostly appear in internal forms (feelings of guilt, difficulties in establishing social contacts, negative attitude to male role models, close relationships). While external forms of that consequences prevail among boys (increased excitability, reactions aggression, opposition and negativism, sexualized behavior, hypermasculine compensation) alongside increased mental stress, sense of shame, violation of gender-role identity, complaints of disturbance in the somatic sphere and a decrease of productivity in school.
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Beijer, Ulla, Christina Scheffel Birath, Valerie DeMartinis, and Britt af Klinteberg. "Facets of Male Violence Against Women With Substance Abuse Problems: Women With a Residence and Homeless Women." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 33, no. 9 (December 4, 2015): 1391–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260515618211.
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The aims of this study were to investigate the type and extent to which women with substance abuse problems have been exposed to male violence during their lifetime, and to examine possible differences between women with a residence (WR) and homeless women (HW). The total sample included 79 women (WR, n = 35; HW, n = 44; M age = 47.8 years). Of the total sample, 72 women (91%) had experienced different kinds of male violence, 88% from former partners, and 26% from male friends or acquaintances. Of the 72 women, 71% further reported “Countless occasions of violent events,” and 36% had been forced to commit criminal acts. Abused women who had been forced to commit criminal acts were significantly more frequently found to be homeless, have reported parental alcohol and/or drug problems, have witnessed domestic violence in childhood, have been victims of sexual violence, have used illicit drugs as a dominant preparation, and have injected illicit drugs. Almost half of the abused women (46%) met criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), where HW showed an almost 4-time higher risk (RR 3.78) than WR. In conclusion there is a particular vulnerability in women with substance abuse to male violence, which has an important impact on their health status. Thus, from a public health perspective, it is suggested that for those women who have experienced male violence, treatment protocols need to include both assessing and addressing the impact of such experience in relation to substance abuse as well as concomitant health concerns.
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Haas, Stans de, Willy van Berlo, Floor Bakker, and Ine Vanwesenbeeck. "Prevalence and Characteristics of Sexual Violence in the Netherlands, the Risk of Revictimization and Pregnancy: Results From a National Population Survey." Violence and Victims 27, no. 4 (2012): 592–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.27.4.592.
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Prevalence figures on sexual violence among a representative sample of both men and women were not yet available for the Netherlands. The aim of this study, therefore, was to investigate the prevalence of sexual violence in the Netherlands and to add these figures to the international body of knowledge. Experiences of sexual violence during lifetime, before the age of 16 and in the year before the start of the study were measured. In addition, types of sexual violence were examined, as were the characteristics of the perpetrators. Lastly, revictimization and pregnancy as a result of rape experiences among the victims were investigated. Data were generated from a population survey on sexual health. The sample consisted of more than 6,000 men and women between the age of 15 and 70 years old. Prevalence rates as high as 21% for men and 56% for women were found. Fifty percent of the female victims and 30% of the male victims of child sexual abuse had experienced adult victimization. Of the female rape victims, 7% became pregnant as a consequence of rape. In the Netherlands, as elsewhere, the prevention of sexual violence should be prioritized.
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Henning, Kris R., and Lisa M. Klesges. "Utilization of Counseling and Supportive Services by Female Victims of Domestic Abuse." Violence and Victims 17, no. 5 (October 2002): 623–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/vivi.17.5.623.33714.
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Increasing attention to the high prevalence of domestic violence (DV) and its impact on women’s physical and mental health has resulted in expanded services for abused women. Abused women appear to underutilize the formal counseling services available in many communities, however, and further research is needed to identify factors related to service utilization. In the present study, 1,746 women assaulted by a male intimate partner were identified from a larger pool of women interviewed by Pretrial Services following the arrest of their spouse/partner on domestic abuse charges. The women were selected for the current study if they reported prior physical assaults perpetrated by the same spouse/partner listed in the instant offense. In addition to describing previous physical assaults and psychological abuse by their current spouse/partner, women were also asked whether they had ever sought “formal counseling/supportive services” to address the abuse. Consistent with the prior literature, only a minority of the victims reported prior use of these services (14.9%). Additional analyses indicated that the likelihood of having accessed services varied as a function of victim demographic factors (race, relationship to the offender, income), characteristics of the prior DV (prior injury by partner, forced sexual activity, prior psychological abuse), and whether the victim’s children witnessed the fighting. Limitations of the study and implications for service providers and the courts are discussed.
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Chan, Ko Ling. "Correlates of Childhood Sexual Abuse and Intimate Partner Sexual Victimization." Partner Abuse 2, no. 3 (2011): 365–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1946-6560.2.3.365.
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This study investigated the relationship between childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization among Chinese university students in Hong Kong, Beijing, and Shanghai. It used a cross-sectional design. To complete a self-report questionnaire, 3,388 university students from Hong Kong, Beijing, and Shanghai were recruited through convenience sampling. The results showed that 28.6% of participants experienced some form of CSA, and no gender difference was found in the prevalence of CSA. Significantly, more female have been reported being victims of sexual IPV than male (24.2% vs. 18.2%); however, when considering severe sexual victimization only, females did not report higher prevalence than men did. Results of the multiphase logistic regression showed that CSA had an independent association with an increased risk of sexual IPV victimization during adulthood. In addition, gender, having had sex with the partner of the referred intimate relationship, and current posttraumatic stress symptoms were associated with sexual IPV victimization when other factors were adjusted. Conclusion: Intervention with IPV should include an assessment of CSA history. Prevention of revictimization for IPV victims with CSA history was discussed.
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Gill, Saima, Sarah Mohsin, Sarah Arif, and Nimra Mumtaz. "Audit of Genito-Anal Injuries in male and femal sexual abuse cases - A retrospective study." Pakistan Journal of Surgery and Medicine 1, no. 3 (October 16, 2020): e274. http://dx.doi.org/10.37978/pjsm.v1i3.274.
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Background: Sexual assault is a global issue wherein timely examination of sexual assault victims by medico-legal officers and an understanding of the characteristics and factors influencing their injuries have a crucial impact on medico-legal evidence collection and its use in the court. Genital injury findings improve the level of justice for victims, but the lack of injury does not negate the possibility of sexual violence incurred on the victim. The following study describes in great detail the different factors associated with injury characteristics and the medico-legal importance of all these factors. Methodology: It was a retrospective descriptive study conducted at the Forensic Medicine Department of King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan. All the cases included that fulfill the predefined inclusion criteria were included. A record chart was designed, and six years’ data was recorded in it from the medical records of the medico-legal clinic. It was entered and edited manually. Methods used to prevent data entry errors included double entry and validation following data entry Difference of proportions between variables, where appropriate, has been calculated by Pearson Chi-Square test and Fischer Exact test at 95% confidence interval. Data were analyzed using SPSS v23. All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were following the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and the Helsinki declaration. Results: Genito anal injury was present in 28.2% cases and was absent in 71.8% cases. Most of the victims were aged 11 to 15 years. The most common injury in the victims was a tear. In females, the most common injury site was the vagina, while the perianal area was the most injured site in males. There was a significant relation (p<0.05) between type and site of injury, gender, site of injury, and prior sexual intercourse experience and prevalence rate of injury. Conclusion: This study concludes that the presence of injuries in the Genito anal area is suggestive of sexual assault and provides useful court evidence.
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Meade, Caitlyn N., Wesley G. Jennings, Angela R. Gover, and Tara N. Richards. "On the linkage between sexual violence victimization and intimate partner violence outcomes among male and female college students." Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research 9, no. 4 (October 9, 2017): 257–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jacpr-05-2017-0289.
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Purpose A robust literature exists documenting the association between child maltreatment and later life adverse outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between sexual abuse victimization and later life intimate partner violence (IPV) outcomes among male and female college students, which has been less frequently evaluated despite this wealth of evidence. Design/methodology/approach Relying on data from 4,162 male and female college students, the current study provides a multivariate analysis of the linkage between sexual abuse victimization and intimate partner victimization, perpetration, and being an IPV victim-offender. Findings Results reveal a statistically significant association between sexual abuse victimization and being an IPV victim, offender, or victim-offender in young adulthood. In addition, these findings are still observed once a host of risk and the demographic factors are incorporated into the model for females, but not for males. Originality/value This study highlights the importance of sexual violence and IPV prevention and intervention strategies for college-aged youth.
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Turteltaub, Jack. "Stop Abuse for Everyone: Interviews With Founders of a Pioneering Anti–Domestic Violence Nonprofit." Partner Abuse 1, no. 4 (October 2010): 463–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1946-6560.1.4.463.
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History and overview of Stop Abuse for Everyone (SAFE), a nonprofit developed in the 1990s initially to help males and other underserved victims of domestic violence. The article describes the original founder’s experience as a nonabusive male in a marriage with a violent female spouse and his recognition that his marriage did not fit ideological feminist theories or the Duluth model treatment approach to domestic violence, both of which emphasize male culpability for violence in intimate relationships. The article discusses the creation of a Web site and then the formation of the nonprofit. Four founders of SAFE are interviewed, and SAFE’s brochure program, speakers bureau, and state chapters are discussed. SAFE’s contribution to the national debate about the role of gender in domestic violence, involvement in the revision of the Violence Against Women Act, and efforts to develop a more nuanced, dynamic model of domestic violence in the context of various gender/sexual orientation configurations are reviewed.
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Suyanto, Bagong, Medhy Aginta Hidayat, and Rendy Pahrun Wadipalapa. "Sexual exploitation and violence of prostituted children." Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik 33, no. 2 (June 24, 2020): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mkp.v33i22020.134-145.
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This study examines sexual exploitation and violence against prostituted children in East Java, Indonesia. Children who are involved in the commercial sex industry are generally prone to become victims of exploitation, violent acts, and other child abuse. This case study employs a qualitative research method to examine the various hardships experienced by prostituted children in East Java, Indonesia. The researchers interviewed ten prostituted children, seven “grey chickens” (female high school students doubling as prostituted children), eight former prostituted children, five pimps, eight procurers, and seven male customers in Surabaya City and Pasuruan Regency. This study found that, in the Indonesian commercial sex industry, prostituted children generally experience severe exploitation and violent acts. The children’s struggle to survive in the Indonesian prostitution business is a challenging condition because of their weak bargaining position: their subordinate status in the Indonesian patriarchal ideology, their weak position as children confronting adults, as well as their low socioeconomic position. The efforts to make policies to prevent exploitation and violence against prostituted children by the government and non-government agencies thus should take into account the conditions of the prostituted children as well as the driving factors for the child prostitution business that takes place in Indonesia.
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López-Sánchez, M. J., J. A. Belso-Martínez, and J. L. Hervás-Oliver. "A Review of Economic Consequences and Costs of Male Violence Against Women." Indian Journal of Gender Studies 26, no. 3 (October 2019): 424–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971521519861194.
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This article focuses on male violence against women. As it takes place in what is often considered to be ‘the private sphere’ of the home, violence is difficult to prove, to measure, to prevent and easy to ignore. A multi-country study (WHO, 2005, WHO multi-country study on women’s health and domestic violence against women: Summary report of initial results on prevalence, health outcomes and women’s responses, Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization) shows that there are wide variations between countries resulting in 15 per cent to 71 per cent of women aged between 15 and 49 years saying that they have been victims of physical or sexual violence in intimate relationships. This article reviews and summarises literature that analyse types of economic costs that result from domestic violence and abuse perpetrated against women.
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Swan, Suzanne C., Laura J. Gambone, Jennifer E. Caldwell, Tami P. Sullivan, and David L. Snow. "A Review of Research on Women’s Use of Violence With Male Intimate Partners." Violence and Victims 23, no. 3 (June 2008): 301–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.23.3.301.
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This article provides a review of research literature on women who use violence with intimate partners. The central purpose is to inform service providers in the military and civilian communities who work with domestically violent women. The major points of this review are as follows: (a) women’s violence usually occurs in the context of violence against them by their male partners; (b) in general, women and men perpetrate equivalent levels of physical and psychological aggression, but evidence suggests that men perpetrate sexual abuse, coercive control, and stalking more frequently than women and that women also are much more frequently injured during domestic violence incidents; (c) women and men are equally likely to initiate physical violence in relationships involving less serious “situational couple violence,” and in relationships in which serious and very violent “intimate terrorism” occurs, men are much more likely to be perpetrators and women victims; (d) women’s physical violence is more likely than men’s violence to be motivated by self-defense and fear, whereas men’s physical violence is more likely than women’s to be driven by control motives; (e) studies of couples in mutually violent relationships find more negative effects for women than for men; and (f) because of the many differences in behaviors and motivations between women’s and men’s violence, interventions based on male models of partner violence are likely not effective for many women.
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Lysova, Alexandra, Eugene Emeka Dim, and Donald Dutton. "Prevalence and Consequences of Intimate Partner Violence in Canada as Measured by the National Victimization Survey." Partner Abuse 10, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 199–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1946-6560.10.2.199.
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National victimization surveys that conceptualize intimate partner violence (IPV) as crime can contribute to a better understanding of the most severe forms of victimization in the intimate partner relationship. Based on the 2014 Canadian General Social Survey on Victimization, this study examined the prevalence of victimization resulted from physical and/or sexual IPV, controlling behaviors and also consequences of IPV for both men and women in a sample representative of the Canadian population. Given the paucity of research on male victims of IPV at the national population level, this article specifically discussed the experiences of men who reported violence perpetrated by their female intimate partners. Results showed that 2.9% of men and 1.7% of women reported experiencing physical and/or sexual IPV in their current relationships in the last 5 years. In addition, 35% of male and 34% of female victims of IPV experienced high controlling behaviors—the most severe type of abuse known as intimate terrorism. Moreover, 22% of male victims and 19% of female victims of IPV were found to have experienced severe physical violence along with high controlling behaviors. Although female victims significantly more often than male victims reported the injuries and short-term emotional effects of IPV (e.g., fear, depression, anger), there was no significant difference in the experience of the most long-term effects of spousal trauma—posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-related symptoms. This article argues that future research should explain the increased gap in reporting of the IPV victimization among men compared to women.
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Small, Jamie L. "Constructing Sexual Harm: Prosecutorial Narratives of Children, Abuse, and the Disruption of Heterosexuality." Gender & Society 33, no. 4 (May 16, 2019): 560–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0891243219846598.
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Sociologists have identified many factors that mitigate the progressive effects of the legal mobilization to end sexual violence. Within this body of research, however, there is little interrogation about the social construction of sexual harm. I use the case of child sexual abuse to investigate how prosecutors make sense of sexual harm. Data are qualitative interviews with 43 prosecutors. Findings reveal that prosecutors use a framework of sexual identity to construct sexual injury on the child’s body. The perceived harm centers on the anticipated loss of the child’s heterosexual potential. Girl victims are thought to grow into sexual promiscuity, and boy victims are thought to grow into sex offenders. Prosecutorial constructions of child sexual abuse cases are future-oriented, which increases their urgency, and these constructions also imagine the child as a person in formation, rather than a fully actualized person with intrinsic rights. In revealing how the state of sexual victimization is not only deeply gendered but also heteronormative, this research has theoretical implications for childhood studies, queer studies, and anti-violence advocacy.
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Huntley, Alyson L., Lucy Potter, Emma Williamson, Alice Malpass, Eszter Szilassy, and Gene Feder. "Help-seeking by male victims of domestic violence and abuse (DVA): a systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis." BMJ Open 9, no. 6 (May 2019): e021960. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021960.
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ObjectivesTo understand help-seeking by male victims of domestic violence and abuse (DVA) and their experiences of support services by systematically identifying qualitative and mixed-method studies and thematically synthesising their findings.DesignSystematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis. Searches were conducted in 12 databases and the grey literature with no language or date restrictions. Quality appraisal of the studies was carried out using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool. Reviewers extracted first and second order constructs related to help-seeking, identified themes and combined them by interpretative thematic synthesis.SettingDVA experienced by male victims and defined as any incident or pattern of incidents of controlling coercive or threatening behaviour, violence or abuse among people aged 18 or over who are or have been intimate partners or family members, regardless of gender or sexuality.ParticipantsMale victims of DVA.InterventionsAny intervention which provides practical and/or psychological support to male victims of DVA including but not limited to DVA-specific services, primary healthcare and sexual health clinics.Primary and secondary outcome measuresQualitative data describing help-seeking experiences and interactions with support services of male victims of domestic violenceResultsWe included twelve studies which were published between 2006 and 2017. We grouped nine themes described over two phases (a)barriers to help-seeking: fear of disclosure, challenge to masculinity, commitment to relationship, diminished confidence/despondency and invisibility/perception of services; and (b)experiences of interventions and support: initial contact, confidentiality, appropriate professional approaches and inappropriate professional approaches.ConclusionThe recent publication of the primary studies suggests a new interest in the needs of male DVA victims. We have confirmed previously identified barriers to help-seeking by male victims of DVA and provide new insight into barriers and facilitators to service provision.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42016039999.
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Reibling, Ellen T., Brian Distelberg, Mindi Guptill, and Barbara Couden Hernandez. "Intimate Partner Violence Experienced by Physicians." Journal of Primary Care & Community Health 11 (January 2020): 215013272096507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2150132720965077.
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Purpose: World Health Organization (WHO) defines intimate partner violence (IPV) as physical, sexual or psychological harm caused by an intimate partner or ex-partner. There are few studies describing interpersonal violence (IPV) among physicians. Our study describes IPV experienced by U.S. physicians. Methods: This was a multicenter survey administered to 4 physician groups in 2015 to 2016. In total 400 respondents returned survey results. Measures included current IPV, childhood abuse, mental health, professional role, and demographics. Results: IPV was reported by 24% of respondents. The most frequent abuses reported were: verbal (15%), physical (8%) followed by sexual abuse (4%) and stalking (4%). Logistic regression model found that IPV was more likely to be reported by older participants (aged 66–89), those who experienced childhood abuse, working less than full time, and had been diagnosed with a personality disorder. Women and Asian Americans reported slightly higher IPV rates. Conclusions: Our study has implications for both medical education and intervention development. Universal screening and education that addresses clinical implications when treating peers who experience IPV are needed. Workplace interventions that consider unique physician characteristics and experiences are needed, as well as programs that support sustained recovery. This is the first survey to our knowledge that confirms that physicians experience IPV at a rate consistent or higher than the national level. We developed a standardized instrument to assess IPV in male and female physicians at various career stages. We also identified significant predictors that should be included in IPV screening of potential physician victims.
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Wahyuni, Fitri, Aris Irawan, and Siti Rahmah. "The Legal Protection For Children Of Sexual Violence Victims In Indragirii Hilir Regency." International Journal of Educational Research & Social Sciences 2, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 322–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.51601/ijersc.v2i2.46.
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Currently, the phenomenon of children sexual abuse is a crime that is very distressing to society. It shows that children sexual abuse is an iceberg phenomenon that must be prevented so that children are no longer victims of sexual harassment by the responsible party. This research used normative legal as research methods. The data sources in the form of secondary data including primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. Meanwhile, the data analysis used is in the form of qualitative analysis and deductive conclusion. From the results of this research, it was concluded that the protection efforts had been made through the regulation of laws and penal efforts both in the Criminal Code and the children protecting laws by providing criminal sanctions for sexual offenders. However, these efforts were not sufficient and they must be carried out through non-penal efforts by providing sex education from an early age and teaching religious values.
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Amalia, Mia. "KEJAHATAN KEKERASAN SEKSUAL (PERKOSAAN) TERHADAP ANAK DAMPAK DAN PENANGANANNYA DI WILAYAH HUKUM KABUPATEN CIANJUR." Jurnal Hukum Mimbar Justitia 2, no. 1 (May 10, 2019): 648. http://dx.doi.org/10.35194/jhmj.v2i1.563.
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The rise of news about the sexual abuse of children is enough to make people shocked . This is due to most of the children who are victims of sexual violence are reluctant to report . Sexual abuse of children will go a long way in addition to result in health problems later in life is also associated with the trauma of prolonged even into adulthood . If not dealt with serious sexual abuse of children can cause social impact in the community . In providing protection for children need their systems approach that includes social welfare system for children and families, the judicial system in accordance with international standards and mechanisms to encourage appropriate behavior in society. Keywords: Sexual Abuse , Child , Impact , Handling.
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Laguna Allué, Sandra, and Ana Isabel Isidro de Pedro. "VIOLENCIA DE GÉNERO CONTRA NIÑAS Y ADOLESCENTES EN SANTO DOMINGO (REPÚBLICA DOMINICANA)." International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology. Revista INFAD de Psicología. 2, no. 1 (October 22, 2017): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2017.n1.v2.933.
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Abstract.GENDER VIOLENCE AGAINST GIRLS AND ADOLESCENTS IN SANTO DOMINGO (DOMINICAN REPUBLIC).The present work deals with the phenomenon of sexual abuse against both child and teenage girls in Santo Domingo (Dominican Republic) through a field study. The sample was obtained from a shelter where, in a temporary internment regime, either victims of sexual abuse, prostitution, sexual exploitation or simply people with lack of resources, lack of protection and / or helplessness are hosted. Specifically, we looked for analyzing this phenomenon from a gender perspective through a case study. The information was broken down into several units of study, using an inductive category analysis. The units of analysis examined make reference to the social and family context of the minors, to the knowledge of the gender equality that they possess, to the weight of the male chauvinism beliefs, etc. The cases studied show a structured society based on gender and, in this sense, also the families –mostly unstructured– follow a strength patriarchal hierarchy that legitimizes the different forms of violence against women and does not seem to clarify the incestuous barriers between relatives of the opposite sex. In addition, the prevailing masculinity sentiment is coupled with gender inequalities concerning the labor and professional areas. This produces a false empowerment, felt by the girls who try to obtain through their bodies, in a society that treat them as an object, a supplier man, what contributes to reinforce, maintain and perpetuate these practices. In this sense, it was verified how the sexual abuse is an expression of the machismo. The relevance of such a conclusion lies in how the great intensity with which the population lives the strict gender roles and their corresponding male chauvinism beliefs is detrimental for both genders.Keywords: Gender, Gender violence, Male domination, Violence against womenResumen.El presente trabajo aborda el fenómeno del abuso sexual a niñas y a adolescentes en Santo Domingo (República Dominicana) mediante un estudio de campo. La muestra se obtuvo en un centro de acogida en el cual se hospedan, en régimen de internamiento temporal, menores víctimas de abusos sexuales, prostitución, explotación sexual o bien sin recursos, en desprotección y/o desamparo. Más concretamente, se buscó analizar dicho fenómeno desde la perspectiva de género mediante un estudio de casos. La información se desglosó en varias unidades de estudio, mediante un análisis de categorías inductivo. Las unidades de análisis contempladas hacen referencia al contexto social y familiar de las menores, al conocimiento de la igualdad de género que poseen las mismas, al peso de las creencias machistas, etc. Los casos estudiados presentan una sociedad estructurada en base al género y, en este sentido, también las familias –en su mayoría desestructuradas– siguen una jerarquía patriarcal muy arraigada que legitima las diferentes formas de violencia contra la mujer y no parece esclarecer entre familiares del sexo opuesto las barreras incestuosas. Además, el sentimiento de masculinidad imperante se acopla a las desigualdades de género concernientes al ámbito laboral y profesional. Esto produce un falso empoderamiento sentido por las niñas, que en una sociedad que las cosifica extraordinariamente pretenden conseguir, a través de sus cuerpos, un hombre que las proveerá, lo cual contribuye a reforzar, mantener y perpetuar estas prácticas. En este sentido, se pudo comprobar cómo el abuso sexual es una expresión del machismo. La relevancia de tal conclusión radica en cómo la gran intensidad con la que la población vive los estrictos roles de género y sus correspondientes creencias machistas van en detrimento de ambos géneros.Palabras clave: Género, Violencia de género, Dominación masculina, Violencia contra las mujeres
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Wise, Amy J., and Sharon L. Bowman. "Comparison of Beginning Counselors’ Responses to Lesbian vs. Heterosexual Partner Abuse." Violence and Victims 12, no. 2 (January 1997): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.12.2.127.
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This study compared responses of masters and doctoral level counseling students to two domestic violence scenarios. Participants read a two paragraph description of a battering incident involving either a heterosexual or lesbian couple and then gave their impressions via a series of open and closed ended questions. Scenarios were identical save the manipulation of sexual partner as same or opposite sex. Experience and/or education with battered and/or gay/lesbian clients is also examined. Results indicated that subjects perceived the heterosexual battering incident as more violent than the lesbian battering incident and would be more likely to charge the male batterer than the female batterer with assault. Differences in treatment recommendations were made according to sexual orientation of the victim. Less than half of the respondents had coursework or practical experience pertaining to domestic violence and/or gay/lesbian concerns.
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Alaggia, Ramona, and Stacey Kirshenbaum. "Speaking the Unspeakable: Exploring the Impact of Family Dynamics on Child Sexual Abuse Disclosures." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 86, no. 2 (April 2005): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.2457.
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This qualitative study utilized the long interview method to identify a range of family dynamics that may affect a child's ability to disclose sexual abuse. It is estimated that 30% to 80% of victims do not purposefully disclose child sexual abuse (CSA) before adulthood. Retrospective data about disclosure processes were elicited through interviews with 20 male and female CSA survivors. Four major themes emerged suggesting that CSA disclosure can be significantly compromised when certain conditions exist: rigidly fixed, gender roles based on a patriarchy-based family structure; family violence; closed, indirect communication patterns; and social isolation. It is important to identify disclosure barriers in order to ameliorate them effectively, because when children are not able to disclose sexual abuse, the effects are potentially devastating. Results are discussed in relation to implications for practice with children and their families, including relevance of established models of family assessment.
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Pica, Emily, Chelsea L. Sheahan, and Joanna Pozzulo. "Examining Mock Jurors' Perceptions of Intimate Partner Violence Factors." Partner Abuse 10, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 391–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1946-6560.10.4.391.
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The purpose of the current study was to examine whether juror gender, male-to-female or female-to-male abuse, eyewitness age (8, 12, and 16 years old), and type of intimate partner violence witnessed (physical, sexual, and emotional) influenced mock jurors' decision-making. Mock jurors (N = 1,162) read a trial transcript where the child of a married couple witnessed one of the three types of intimate partner violence, perpetrated by the husband against his wife or the wife against her husband, and answered related questions. Mock jurors were asked to render a dichotomous verdict, continuous guilt rating, and rate their perceptions of the victim, defendant, and eyewitness. Male jurors were more likely to find the defendant guilty when the defendant was female and the witness was 16 years old; additionally, female mock jurors assigned higher guilt ratings for the male defendant compared to the female defendant. Mock jurors also assigned higher guilt ratings when the abuse was physical compared to both sexual and emotional; abuse also influenced perceptions of the defendant, victim, and eyewitness. Mock jurors also were more likely to hold positive perceptions of the eyewitness when she was 16 years old compared to 8 years old. The results of the current study suggest that gender of the defendant and victim may combine to influence mock jurors' perceptions of a case involving intimate partner violence; moreover, the type of abuse witnessed by a child also may impact the child's perceived credibility.
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Escalante-Barrios, Elsa Lucia, Sergi Fàbregues, Julio Meneses, María del Mar García-Vita, Daladier Jabba, Carmen Ricardo-Barreto, and Sandra Patricia Ferreira Pérez. "Male-On-Male Child and Adolescent Sexual Abuse in the Caribbean Region of Colombia: A Secondary Analysis of Medico-Legal Reports." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21 (November 8, 2020): 8248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218248.
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Child and adolescent sexual abuse (CSA) is an important global health problem, especially in non-Western low- and middle-income countries. A number of studies have indicated that, in Latin American countries, male CSA is phenomenon of great concern. However, research on this topic is seriously lacking, and more specifically, on male-on-male CSA. We carried out a qualitative and quantitative secondary analysis of 680 cases of alleged male-on-male CSA that occurred between the years 2017 and 2018 in the Caribbean Region of Colombia. We analyzed the contents of forensic interviews with the alleged victims, conducted by professionals working at the Colombian Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences. Our findings indicated a high prevalence of cases of alleged male-on-male CSA among young minors. Most of these cases were allegedly perpetrated by offenders known to the victim and involved high levels of violence. Evidence-based and culturally grounded preventative actions, such as training-based programs for teachers and parents among other public health initiatives are needed to address this type of CSA. Further research is also required to gain a more fine-grained understanding of the cultural and social context of CSA in the Caribbean Latin American countries.
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Федоришин, Галина. "Gender stereotypes as a driver of domestic violence." Збірник наукових праць: психологія, no. 22 (December 10, 2018): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/psp.22.26-32.
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Society pressures men and women into playing certain roles, prescribed by the community and passed down from generation to generation. Gender stereotypes are the most persistent among all social stereotypes. They are a set of conventional generally accepted rules and attitudes in respect to male and female status, codes of conduct, motives behind their actions and need patterns. They consolidate prevailing gender differences and relations. Destructive impact of gender stereotypes can be observed at the family level in various forms of violence against men or women, especially in rural regions. It is mostly women who fall victims to spousal abuse. The range of violations of women's rights is fairly broad, including female trafficking, rape, marital violence, child sexual abuse, cultural practices and traditions directed against female reproductive and sexual health.
Studies of both domestic and foreign researchers give grounds for arguing that it is patriarchal attitudes and beliefs concerning the functional and role structure of the family imposed on Ukrainians over the past centuries that account for gender-based violence in the family. However, not all men with such attitudes commit violence in intergender relations. Economic factor seems rather significant in this regard, that is unemployment, wages (victims usually earn less), family budget allocation and some other victimologic character traits (dependent, psychasthenic personality traits, learned helplessness syndrome, etc.), as well as lower education, unhealthy and immoral lifestyle. Biological causes of such violence can be handicaps, health problems or disability.
This paper analyses the nature of gender stereotypes, their components and varieties. We explore particular impact of gender stereotypes on acts of domestic violence against men and women and suggest ways to challenge gender stereotypes.
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Souto, Daniella Fagundes, Luciane Zanin, Glaucia Maria Bovi Ambrosano, and Flávia Martão Flório. "Violence against children and adolescents: profile and tendencies resulting from Law 13.010." Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem 71, suppl 3 (2018): 1237–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0048.
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ABSTRACT Objective: Describing the profile of reported violence against children and adolescents and draw an essay on the initial effects of Law 13.010 on report patterns. Method: Analytic study of reported cases on SINAN - Information System on Reportable Harms (from 2013 to 2015) of violence to individuals under 19, in 53 cities of Minas Gerais. Results: 1,481 cases were reported, 49.2% before and 50.8% after Law 13.010 came to force (p = 0.5501). There was a 7% decrease on female reports and a 27.2% in male reports (p = 0.0055). It was noticed a change in report patterns (p = 0.0023), with a 130.7% increase to neglect/abandonment reports and a 33% decrease to sexual abuse report. Higher rates of violence from the parents happens at the 1 to 9-year-old age group (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Main victims were women, individuals from 15 to 19 years, with aggression happening within the household; after Law 13.010, changes to patterns of victim and offender profiles and of kind of violence were noticed.
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Aiffah, Ghaisani Ikramina, and Wandera Ahmad Religia. "Child Sexual Abuse Prevention Program: Reference to the Indonesian Government." Jurnal PROMKES 8, no. 2 (September 24, 2020): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jpk.v8.i2.2020.238-252.
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Background: Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) was a global problem widespread in many countries. Komisi Perlindungan Anak Indonesia or Indonesian Children Protection Commission (KPAI) recorded as many as 1.880 children become victims of sexual abuse such as rape, fornication, sodomy and paedophilia. The Government of Indonesia become made become efforts both national and international scale, but there is no effective and applicable program that has been implemented. Objective: The purpose of this article was to analyse the programs had been implemented to prevent sexual violence against children. Method: This article was a literature study by examining 38 articles related to the program against child abuse. The researcher was looking for reference sources from the Science Direct, Sage pub and Google Scholar online become. The keywords used were Child Sex Abuse Prevention Program, Parenting Program, Parent Training, Parent Intervention, Maltreatment, Violence, and Violence Prevention. Result: In children, programs that had been implemented include C-SAPE; IGEL; Train the trainer; BST; A program for minorities in Australia; Cool and Safe. For parents, the programs that had been applied include ACT-RSK; Triple-P; RETHINK; The Incredible Years Parents, Teachers, and Children Training Series; PACE; The Making Choices and Strong Families; The African Migrant Parenting; Strengthening Families; 123 Magic; PDEP and FAST. Conclusion: The sexual violence prevention program for children that can be implemented by the Indonesian government was using teaching methods based on school curricula that can be delivered by teachers. For parent, the program that could be implemented by the Indonesian government was using positive parenting methods that focus on preventing sexual violence against children and delivered by expert facilitators. To reach children and families with different cultural backgrounds, the Indonesian government could adapt sexual violence prevention programs for the Australian minorities and The African Migrant Parenting.
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Yuliartini, Ni Putu Rai. "LEGAL PROTECTION FOR VICTIMS OF CRIMINAL VIOLATIONS (CASE STUDY OF VIOLENCE AGAINST CHILDREN IN BULELENG DISTRICT)." Veteran Law Review 2, no. 2 (November 30, 2019): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.35586/velrev.v2i2.1241.
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This research aims to analyze the form of legal protection against child victims of violence in Buleleng. In addition, this research also analyzes the obstacles and efforts made by Buleleng police in uncovering cases of child abuse in Buleleng. This research is an empirical study with a study that sees law as a reality that includes social reality, reality of culture and others (examine law in action). This empirical law study aims to examine legal issues in its practical dimensions, especially related to legal protection for victims of violent crime in Buleleng district. This research uses primary data and secondary data with research location in Buleleng. Technique of collecting data is done through observation and interview. The collected data is then processed and analyzed qualitatively. The results of this study indicate that the Buleleng police prepare by receiving reports or complaints from victims of violence, whether orally or in writing as a form of regulation. The place for report or complain is on the section integrated police service center. Basically legal protection against child victims of violence is conducted in accordance with the Child Protection Act. Basically legal protection against child victims of violence is conducted in accordance with the Child Protection Act. While related to obstacles faced by Buleleng police in revealing cases of violence that occur to children that investigators often have difficulty in finding the perpetrators, lack of information from perpetrators or victims, chronology is often covered, not conformity information between perpetrators and victims. In addition, investigators find it difficult to obtain information or information from traumatized victims, lacking evidence, obstacles to finding witnesses, and the results of their visum. Furthermore, related to the efforts made, Buleleng police conducted the process of receiving reports or complaints from families of victims who experienced violence. In addition, assistance was also provided by the integrated service center for the empowerment of women and children in Buleleng, in the case of violence that occurred was accompanied, mainly related to cases of sexual violence. The involvement of an integrated service center for the empowerment of women and children is to further strengthen the mental victim through psychological support. Not only get assistance from integrated service centers for women and children empowerment but also receive assistance from social services.
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Wahyuningsih, Sri Endah. "PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP ANAK SEBAGAI KORBAN TINDAK PIDANA KESUSILAAN DALAM HUKUM PIDANA POSITIF SAAT INI." Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum 3, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.26532/jph.v3i2.1407.
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Problems of sexual offenses against children arising from the enforcement of the criminal law has not been oriented to the protection of victims, especially justice, but rather on the application of penalties on the offender. As a result, not make people afraid of committing a crime of morality, even more perpetrators of rape and sexual abuse against children. the problem in this research is how the provisions of the legal protection of children as victims of sexual offenses under criminal law are positive today.Legal protection of child victims of crime in the criminal law of chastity positive current on Article 287, 290, 292, 293, 294 and 295 of the Criminal Code and Article 81 and 82 of the Act.No. 23/2002, as amended. Act. No. 35 of 2014 as amended by Government Regulation No.1 / 2016 on the amendment of the Law No. 23/2002 on Child Protection, and when the victims are included in the scope of the household, then apply the provisions of Articles 46 and 47 of the Law. No. 23/2004 on the Elimination of Domestic Violence, and Law No. 31/2014 on Witnessand Victim Protection. weakness that emerged in the Act. No. 31/2014 is the absence of a provision governing the sanctions when players do not give restitution to the victims.
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Blandón Rodríguez, Noemí Jarey, Yerlis Margine Rodríguez Castillo, and Angélica Leonor Ruíz. "La niñez y adolescencia víctimas de abuso sexual, comunidad Caño el Sapote, municipio de Waslala, 2012." Ciencia e Interculturalidad 13, no. 2 (December 18, 2013): 144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/rci.v13i2.1283.
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Se ha abordado la situación de la niñez y adolescencia víctimas de abuso sexual, realizada en la comunidad Caño el Sapote del municipio de Waslala, 2012. La metodología utilizada es cualitativa con enfoque descriptivo al abordarse casos y formas de abuso sexual en la niñez; además, se manifiestan las consecuencias que asumen cada niña, niño y adolescente sobreviviente de abuso sexual. También se ha descrito la ruta de acceso a la justicia. Las técnicas utilizadas fueron entrevistas semi- estructurada, grupo focal y revisión documental. Los resultados demuestran que el abuso sexual es una de las formas de violencias que se viven dentro de las familias y personas cercanas a ella en todos los ámbitos y espacios sociales. Los resultados reflejan desconocimientos de lo que es en sí el abuso sexual por parte de la mayoría de las personas, acontecimiento que sucede dentro de la sociedad, pero por una u otra razón no se rompe el silencio, no existe igualdad por la posición en la pirámide social.Summary The present study addresses the situation of children and adolescents victims of sexual abuse, in the community of Caño El Sapote, municipality of Waslala, 2012. The methodology that was used is qualitative with a descriptive approach when addressing cases and forms of sexual abuse in children. We make use of techniques based on semi- structured interviews, focus groups and document review. The research also manifests the consequences that each girl, boy and adolescent survivors of sexual abuse assumes. As well, it describes the path to justice. The results show that sexual abuse is one of the forms of violence that are experienced within families and people close to them in all areas and social spaces. The results reflect that most people are lacking information of what is sexual abuse, an event that occurs in society and has become very common, but for whatever reason the silence does not break, and there is no equality due to the position in the social pyramid.
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Wadsworth, Pamela, J. A. Eve Krahe, and Elissa Allen. "Occupational Well-Being in Sexual Assault Victims and Survivors." Journal of Holistic Nursing 38, no. 2 (July 26, 2019): 170–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898010119863537.
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Purpose: While researchers have established that sexual assault may adversely affect successful employment and academic achievement, little is known about the barriers and facilitators of occupational well-being from the perspective of sexual assault survivors. This study assessed the barriers and facilitators of occupational well-being. Design: Constructivist grounded theory. Method: Digitally recorded, semistructured interviews were used to collect data. Data were collected from 22 adult female sexual assault survivors. Analysis consisted of coding, creation of data matrices, and within and across case analysis. Findings: Theoretical saturation was achieved after interviews with 22 participants. Barriers to occupational well-being were mental health symptoms and diagnoses, substance abuse, inflexible attendance policies, and workplace bullying. Facilitators to occupational well-being were personal coping strategies, and organizational and social support. Conclusions: Sexual assault has significant effects on the occupational well-being of women. The work or academic environment can exacerbate the harms of sexual assault or facilitate healing in sexual assault survivors. To facilitate the occupational well-being of sexual assault survivors, workplaces and academic institutions can adopt a trauma-informed approach, create policies that allow for time off to deal with sequela of sexual assault, implement anti-bullying programs, and make resources for gendered violence available.
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Shanthi, K., and Saritha Nittala. "Intimate Partner Violence and Psychological Attributes - Violation of Right to Live with Dignity." Revista Gestão Inovação e Tecnologias 11, no. 4 (September 16, 2021): 5441–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.47059/revistageintec.v11i4.2571.
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Human Rights are inalienable. As stated by the UN Charter, gender equality is the fundamental right of every human being. As stated by the Vienna Declaration, women's and girls' rights are inalienable, integral, and form an indivisible part of universal human rights. The entire world has raised its voice and has reached its peak in the 1990s. India, precariously being a male-dominated society, has always looked down on a woman as a vulnerable group, to be dependent, owing to certain sociological, political, and biological conditions. Gender-based violence, as stated by the UN declaration, includes violence against women. It brings within it the broader framework of gender-based discrimination. In every nook and corner, we see and hear about violence against a girl child/ women irrespective of their age, caste, creed, social and economic conditions, and the happenings that shackle all humanity with ignominy. These instances profligately eliminate their basic human rights. Intimate Partner Violence is such a kind of violence, which is distinct from domestic violence and is most common among couples. It is a behavior prevailing in an intimate relationship that leads to physical, psychological, or sexual harm. It is restricted to marital status and extends to non-marital, extramarital relationships, dating couples, live-in relationships, and non-discriminatory. There are instances where women also abuse men in intimate relations. In cases of self-defense, women can be more violent against men. However, overwhelming instances illustrate women as victims in the hands of their male partners, existing or ex-partners. Though attached a social stigma to these relationships, the abuse meted in the hands of their perpetrators affects the physical and psychological traits. This paper mainly emphasizes the nature of Intimate Partner Violence, its instincts, the psychological disorders, and its effects on their right to live with dignity and concludes with possible suggestions and recommendations.
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Marni, Erna. "GAMBARAN PSIKOSOSIAL ANAK JALANAN USIA REMAJA." Jurnal Keperawatan Abdurrab 3, no. 2 (December 27, 2019): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.36341/jka.v3i2.1066.
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Adolescence is a period of self-actualization which includes physical, emotional, intellectual and social changes that will affect the development process of an individual . At this time individuals especially street children are at risk of experiencing behavioral disorders, delinquency and occurrence of violence, both as victims or as perpetrators of violence . This condition tends to make street children behave negatively and not obey with the rules. In addition, street children are also very vulnerable to crime and violence and even sexual exploitation such as a sexual harassment, abuse, becoming victims of human trafficking and even objects for pornography . In this situation will certainly cause psychosocial problems that will affect the relations with the environment in their life. This research aims to see the psychosocial description of street children, especially at adolescents. The type of this research is a simple description with 38 street children's in Pekanbaru City as a respondents. The results showed that most street children (55.3%) have a positive psychosocial, It is expected that Social Service Unit in Pekanbaru will provide skills training to street children as to increase the positive psychosocial aspects of street children.
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Waddell, Terrie, and Timothy W. Jones. "The spoken and unspoken nature of child abuse in the miniseries Devil’s Playground: The Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, the Catholic Church and television drama in Australia." Media International Australia 159, no. 1 (March 7, 2016): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x16631840.
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In a departure from Fred Schepisi’s film The Devil’s Playground, the television sequel Devil’s Playground focuses on the cultural impact of priest child abuse. It will be argued that the prolific mainstream media coverage of these crimes before the series was made, and anticipated during its screening, lent a form of permission to green light the production. In focusing on Case 28 of the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, this article will draw attention to the problematic nature of dramatising priest abuse in mainstream Australian television. While victims have willingly voiced graphic details of the sexual violence they experienced as children, after decades of silence, it is as if networks and producers are only now awkwardly grappling with these uncomfortable realities. In the process of sanitising such abusive behaviour, they reduce the degree of cruelty that survivors are intent on communicating.
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Giri, Shree Shyam, Jitendra Kumar Singh, Radheshyam Giri, Lalan Kumar Jha, and Sushil K. Yadav. "Study on Domestic Violence against women in Nepalese village of Terai Region." Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Science 4, no. 1 (January 12, 2017): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jmcjms.v4i1.16385.
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Background and Objectives: The South East Asian Region has one of the highest incidences of gender based violence in the world which deprives women from the use of their right and liberty. This study was under taken to explore the causes and consequences of domestic violence against women in Meghanath Gorhanna VDC in Mahottari district of Nepal.Material and Methods: : An explorative quantitative and qualitative research design based study was conducted from September to December 2014 in married female of ward, No. 1, 2 and 4 of Meghanath Gorhanna VDC which is located in Mahottari district of Nepal suffering from domestic violence. Sample size consisted of 20 in each ward and sum of total was 60. In-depth interviews, focused group discussion and observation were tools used for data collection.Results: The result of this study reveals that 40% of victims were between age group 20 to 29 years. Domestic violence was higher among illiterate 20(33%). 12(20%) of the women were victimized due to alcoholism of their husband followed by male honor and patriarchal social values. Similarly, majority of the respondents 47(78.3%) suffered from psychological abuse followed by physical assault. 20(33.3%) women were suffered from physical violence. 10% women were suffered from sexual abuse and harassment. The findings also suggest 23(35%) had mental health problem and 14(23 %) women were suffered from reproductive health problem.Conclusion: The study highlights that various factors such as excessive intake of alcohol, patriarchal system of the society, polygamy, sexual dissatisfaction and dowry contributes for the domestic violence in women. The adverse effects of the violence on women are physical health problem, mental health problem, reproductive health problem, chronic conditions and negative health behavior.Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Sciences (2016) Vol. 4(1): 46-52
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López Ramírez, Manuela. "“Childhood Cuts Festered and Never Scabbed Over”: Child Abuse in Toni Morrison’s God Help the Child." Revista Alicantina de Estudios Ingleses, no. 29 (November 15, 2016): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/raei.2016.29.08.
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Toni Morrison revisits one of the main thematic concerns, child abuse and trauma, of her premier novel, The Bluest Eye, in her latest book God Help the Child. She has actually dealt profusely with all sorts of child maltreatment in her oeuvre. In her recent narrative, Morrison weaves a tangled web of childhood trauma stories, in which all of the characters have suffered some kind of abuse: neglect, witnessing domestic violence, emotional and psychological abuse, molestation, sexual abuse, etc. She shows how the child’s exposure to traumatic experiences has dramatic far-reaching effects into adulthood, such as psychological, emotional, behavioral and social problems. Morrison explores the curse of the past, the legacy of slavery and its aftermath, and its hold on the present, through the phenomenon of colorism. Racism and intra-racial discrimination based on the skin color result in childhood trauma. Children may adopt coping strategies to resist maltreatment or they may internalize oppression and accept self-loathing. Violence generates violence, a vicious cycle which will eventually make the victims future victimizers. Nonetheless, God Help the Child is not only about childhood abuse and trauma, but it is also about transformation and healing. Morrison describes the characters’ restorative journeys towards redemption.
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Amonyeze, Chinenye, and Stella Okoye-Ugwu. "Prejudice Nation: Hypersexualization and Abuse in Jude Dibia’s Unbridled." SAGE Open 11, no. 3 (July 2021): 215824402110326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440211032661.
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With the global #Metoo movement yet to arrive in Nigeria, Jude Dibia’s Unbridled reflects an emblematic moment for the underrepresented to occupy their stories and make their voices heard. The study analyzes patriarchy’s complicated relationship with the Nigerian girl child, significantly reviewing the inherent prejudices in patriarchy’s power hierarchies and how radical narratives explore taboo topics like incest and sexual violence. Contextualizing the concepts of hypersexualization and implicit bias to put in perspective how women, expected to be the gatekeepers of sex, are forced to navigate competing allegiances while remaining submissive and voiceless, the article probes the struggles of sexual victims and how hierarchies in a patriarchal society exacerbate their affliction through a culture of silence. Arguing that Dibia’s Unbridled confronts the narrative of silence in Nigerian fiction, the article explores ways the author empowers gender by challenging social values and traditional gender roles, underscoring gender dynamics and the problematic nature of prevalent bias against the feminine gender in Nigeria.
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Russell, Brenda, Kristine M. Chapleau, and Shane W. Kraus. "When Is It Abuse? How Assailant Gender, Sexual Orientation, and Protection Orders Influence Perceptions of Intimate Partner Abuse." Partner Abuse 6, no. 1 (2015): 47–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1946-6560.6.1.47.
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Incidents of intimate partner violence (IPV) are considered more serious when perpetrated by a male than when perpetrated by a female, and IPV among gay men and lesbians are perceived as less serious than IPV among heterosexual couples. This study examines how assailant and victim sexual orientation and protection orders (POs) influence individuals’ evaluations of abuse in a case of simple assault. Respondents (N = 640 college students) were provided with scenarios of IPV among opposite- and same-sex couples with or without a PO. IPV was more likely to be perceived as abuse when a PO was in effect but less likely to be considered abuse when the couple was gay/lesbian. The IPV incident was most likely to be considered abuse when perpetrated by a heterosexual male and least likely to be considered abuse when perpetrated by a gay male. Female respondents were more likely to consider IPV more abusive when perpetrated by heterosexuals with POs than gay/lesbians with or without a PO. Although male respondents rated IPV between opposite- and same-sex couples with a PO similarly, they were less likely to identify IPV abuse in same-sex conditions when no PO was issued. Current findings emphasize some of the disparities in perceptions of what constitutes abuse among same- and opposite-sex couples.
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Khatri, Shanta Kumari. "Domestic Violence and Its Impact among Married Dalit Women: A Study of Kalika 28, Pokhara Metropolitan City." Journal of Political Science 21 (February 26, 2021): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jps.v21i0.35265.
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A study was carried out the domestic violence against Dalit women of Kalika, of Pokhara Metropolitan City, Gandaki Province, Nepal. Domestic violence is a social issue of inquiry. In this context, this study was made a comprehensive effort to explore the forms, factors and consequences of married Dalit women in the study area. Twenty victim women were chosen as respondents for this study. Using different tools for data collection like in-depth interview, observation as well as different sources of secondary data. this study was more guided by Marxist feminism and more qualitative. There are so many incidences of domestic violence against Dalit and vulnerable married women that blocked the progress and prosperity. Unfortunately, women are even neglected by their husbands and in-laws and their families. Study found that majority of husbands' alcoholic habit, their feeling of superiority, patriarchal social structure, re-marriage and extramarital affair were the main reasons that kept women as victims of the society. Physical, psychological and unwanted sexual abuse of husband, along with unproductive engagement of women in household activities, unwanted pregnancy and deprivation of various needs are major areas of women's subordination among the Dalit married women.