Relevant bibliographies by topics / Violet copper

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Violet copper'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Violet copper"

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Reimann, K., and St Rübenacke. "Violet laser emission in copper halides." Journal of Applied Physics 76, no. 8 (1994): 4897–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.357268.

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Ponnar, M., and K. Pushpanathan. "Strong Ultra-Violet Absorption in Cu Doped CeO2 Nanospheres." Advanced Science Letters 24, no. 8 (2018): 5947–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2018.12225.

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This article focuses the synthesis and characterization of copper doped cerium oxide nanospheres synthesized by chemical precipitation method. Synthesized nanopowders were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectrometer and photoluminescence spectrometer. X-ray diffraction study confirmed the copper doping without disturbing the face centred cubic structure of cerium oxide. Field emission scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope study also confirmed the existence of sphere like nanoparticles. The optical absorption spectrum shows that the synthesized samples exhibit strong absorption in ultraviolet region and also it confirmed the decrease in energy gap of cerium oxide on copper doping. The photoluminescence study revealed that the blue emission is attributed to the fast oxygen transportation of copper doped cerium oxide nanoparticles.
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Liu, Xi, and Guo-Cong Guo. "A Novel Copper Cyanide Complex with a Layered Structure." Australian Journal of Chemistry 61, no. 7 (2008): 481. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch08025.

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The solvothermal reaction of copper(i) cyanide with 18-crown-6 (18C-6) in anhydrous acetonitrile and further diffusion with ether leads to a novel copper cyanide complex Cu(CN)(CH3CN)·0.5(18C-6) with a rare layered structure that exhibits complex violet luminescence originating from different layers.
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YAMAMOTO, Koichi, and Shoji MOTOMIZU. "Spectrophotometric determination of copper with iodide ion and Crystal Violet." Bunseki kagaku 38, no. 3 (1989): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2116/bunsekikagaku.38.3_103.

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Costa, A. C. Spinola, Leonardo S. G. Teixeira, and Sérgio L. C. Ferreira. "Spectrophotometric determination of tin in copper-based alloys using pyrocatechol violet." Talanta 42, no. 12 (1995): 1973–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0039-9140(95)01677-5.

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Goodwin, HA, D. Onggo, BW Skelton, and AH White. "Coordination of 3,3'-Bipyridazine With Bivalent Copper, Palladium and Platinum." Australian Journal of Chemistry 43, no. 11 (1990): 1919. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9901919.

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Bis ( ligand ) complexes of the diimine 3,3′-bipyridazine (L) with bivalent copper, palladium and platinum are described. Green and violet forms of [CuL2] [BF4]2 were obtained, and the electronic and vibrational spectra suggest coordinated fluoroborate groups in the violet species. In the green complex a tetragonal structure is indicated. Coordination of perchlorate in [PdL2] [ClO4]2 is also indicated but not in [PtL2] [ClO4]2. Structure determination of the latter complex reveals a strictly planar PtN4 moiety, and in fact the whole complex cation is approximately planar. Reduced interligand repulsions, compared to those operative in bis ( ligand ) complexes of 2,2?-bipyridine, are believed to allow the essentially planar conformation. The structure of [PtL2] [ClO4]2 was determined at 295 K by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods, and was refined to a residual of 0.033 for 1942 'observed' independent reflections. Crystal data: [PtL2][ClO4]2 monoclinic, space group P21/c (C5/2h, No. 14), a 7.919(2), b 13.086(3), c 10.313(3)Ǻ, β 107.16(2)°.
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Wang, Xiu Li, and Qiu Ming Gao. "Synthesis of Copper(0) Nanoparticles in Nanoporous Nickel Phosphate VSB-1." Solid State Phenomena 121-123 (March 2007): 479–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.121-123.479.

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Copper(0) nanoparticles in nanoporous nickel phosphate VSB-1 were prepared by the methods of ion exchange and hydrogen reduction. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) results show that the crystal structure of VSB-1 was well retained after the encapsulation of copper nanoparticles and no apparent evidence of crystalline copper was observed. The Cu 2p core level binding energies were consistent with elemental Cu(0) appear in the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data. Room temperature ultra violet visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectrum is characteristic of Cu(0) nanoparticles [1, 2]. Nanoporous material VSB-1 is an excellent host to synthesize metal or metal oxide nanoparticles due to its homogeneous nanopores and its high thermal stability.
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Marsh, J. M., M. G. Davis, M. J. Flagler, et al. "Advanced hair damage model from ultra-violet radiation in the presence of copper." International Journal of Cosmetic Science 37, no. 5 (2015): 532–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ics.12231.

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Getova, Valentina, Ivayla Pantcheva, Darvin Ivanov, Dimitar Mehandjiev, Vassil Skumryev, and Panayot Bontchev. "Copper(II) complexes of the antihypertensive drug nadolol." Open Chemistry 5, no. 1 (2007): 118–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-006-0070-9.

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AbstractThe complexation of the non-selective β-blocker nadolol, HL, 1 with copper(II) leads to formation of mono-and dinuclear complexes depending mainly on the metal-to-ligand molar ratio. The mononuclear violet complex CuL2·2Solv, 2, was obtained in a soluble form at metal-to-ligand molar ratio Cu(II): HL ≤ 1: 10 in methanolic or slightly alkaline aqueous solutions. The dinuclear green complex Cu2L2Cl2·H2O, 3 was synthesized at Cu(II): HL ≥ 1: 2 molar ratio in methanolic solutions. The complexes were studied using spectral (UV-Vis, FT-IR, EPR), magnetochemical, thermogravimetric methods and elemental analysis. In the complexes nadolol acts as a monoanionic bidentate ligand coordinated to copper(II) through the NH-and the deprotonated OH-groups of its aminoalcohol fragment.
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Duan, Qiannan, Jianchao Lee, Han Chen, and Yunyun Zheng. "Preparation and catalytic performance of copper-containing magnetic catalysts for degradation of azo dye (direct violet)." Water Science and Technology 76, no. 11 (2017): 3069–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2017.475.

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Abstract A novel magnetically separable magnetic activated carbon supporting-copper (MCAC) catalyst for catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO) was prepared by chemical impregnation. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). The catalytic performance of the catalysts was evaluated by direct violet (D-BL) degradation in CWPO experiments. The influence of preparative and operational parameters (dipping conditions, calcination temperature, catalyst loading H2O2 dosage, pH, reaction temperature, additive salt ions and initial D-BL concentration) on degradation performance of CWPO process was investigated. The resulting MCAC catalyst showed higher reusability in direct violet oxidation than the magnetic activated carbon (MAC). Besides, dynamic tests also showed the maximal degradation rate reached 90.16% and its general decoloring ability of MCAC was 34 mg g−1 for aqueous D-BL.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Violet copper"

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Jonsson, Emma. "Den violetta guldvingens (Lycaena helle) äggläggningsplatser : - En fältstudie i Norrbottens kustlandskap." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-174799.

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The violet copper (Lycaena helle) is one of Europe’s most endangered butterflies as a result of loss and fragmentation of its habitat. In order to further understand the habitat requirements of this species it is important to observe the specific characteristics of the oviposition sites. There is little research on L. helle in Sweden and the least in the northern parts. In this study I searched for eggs and larvae along a seashore meadow in Norrbotten County where a substantial number of L. helle recently had been found. The area differed from the species’ usual habitat in that the host plant Bistorta vivipara was scarce in large parts. The coastline was split into two areas for comparison according to vegetation type and direction of the shore, one seemingly more suitable for L. helle and the other less so. The results showed that oviposition sites had a lower coverage of, and average height, of the surrounding vegetation than potential oviposition sites without eggs. The coverage of the host plant did not differ between oviposition sites and sites without eggs. Most of the eggs were found on the first area where, surprisingly, a few Bistorta vivipara had up to eight eggs on a single leaf. The sometimes complete lack of eggs on the second area, while still containing a reasonable amount of Bistorta vivipara, confirms that the presence of the host plant is not enough for the females to lay eggs and that any host plant will not be chosen as an oviposition site. The amount of eggs found in the first area together with its structure and east-facing shore further confirms that this species is dependent on lower and more sparse vegetation together with high solar radiation.
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Tejpal, Jyoti. "The use of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles against biofilms." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/13114.

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The persistence of biofilms in hospital settings are associated with Healthcare Associated Infections (HCAI), causing increased morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs. The resistance of biofilms against commonly used hospital disinfectants has been well reported. Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles (NP) such as silver (Ag), copper (Cu), zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO) exhibit antimicrobial properties against various pathogens. Methods: Biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in a Centre for Disease Control (CDC) biofilm reactor and a 96 well plate was compared. A three stage approach including Minimum Biofilm Reduction Concentration (MBRC), R2 values and log(10) reductions was used to assess the efficacy of Ag and ZnO NPs both alone and in combination against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus biofilms. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) was used to further assess the antimicrobial ability of the metal and metal oxide NPs. The prevention of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus adherence on Ag and ZnO thin film coating on silicon (Si) surfaces was also investigated, as well as icaC, ebpS and fnbB gene expression in S. aureus biofilms. Results: The CDC biofilm reactor demonstrated to be the most effective method for P. aeruginosa and S. aureus biofilm production in comparison to 96 well plates, with lower standard errors of the mean (SE) and higher replicability. Individual MBRC of ZnO and Ag NPs in suspension were 256 and 50 µg/ml for P. aeruginosa and 16 and 50 µg/ml for S. aureus respectively. The concentrations in combination were reduced by at least a half, with concentrations of 32/25 µg/ml of ZnO/Ag NPs in suspension resulting in a significant (p ≤0.05) reduction of 3.77 log(10) against P. aeruginosa biofilms and 8/12 µg/ml of ZnO/Ag NPs in suspension resulted in a 3.91 log(10) (p ≤0.05) against S. aureus biofilms. Both combinations showed an additive effect. Time point analysis confirmed that a 24 hour treatment is vital for any significant (p ≤0.05) antimicrobial activity. AAS data suggested that the Ag+ ions quenched Zn2+ ions, therefore the antimicrobial efficacy of the combination is mainly due to Ag+ ions. Damage of the biofilms from Ag and ZnO NPs was observed in the SEM imaging and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis confirmed the adherence of Zn and Ag within the biofilms. CLSM imaging showed dead (red) cells of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus biofilms throughout the depth of the biofilm. P. aeruginosa formation was reduced by 1.41 log(10) and 1.43 log(10) on Ag and ZnO thin film coatings respectively. For S. aureus, a reduction of 1.82 log(10) and 1.65 log(10) was obtained for Ag and ZnO coating respectively. Only low levels of ribonucleic acid (RNA) were achieved so no further gene analysis could occur. Conclusion: Reductions of ≥3 log(10) were observed for P. aeruginosa and S. aureus biofilm treatment with ZnO/Ag NP suspensions. It can be concluded that the ZnO/Ag NP suspensions had greater antimicrobial activity than Ag and ZnO coated surfaces owing to large concentrations of Ag+ and Zn2+ ions acting upon the biofilms. The slower release of ions from coated surfaces suggest an inadequate concentration of ions in the media, which are therefore unable to prevent biofilm formation as rapidly as NP suspensions, however provide a sustained release of ions over time. The results from this investigation propose that Ag and ZnO NPs in suspension could be a potential alternative to disinfectants for use in nosocomial environments against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus biofilms.
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Callà, Rose Marie <1973&gt. "La gestione violenta dei conflitti in ambito di coppia." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/727/.

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La famiglia rappresenta un micro sistema all’interno del macro sistema società, che vive, si riproduce, rimane in equilibrio o cade in situazioni di squilibrio, implode e si rigenera, attraverso gli infiniti feedback comunicativi con l’ambiente esterno. I suoi componenti sono i medium di tale processo interattivo. Quindi: tutti gli eventi all’interno del nucleo familiare, compreso il conflitto, non possono considerarsi slegati dalla società circostante. La famiglia possiede una dimensione politica che si esplicita nella distribuzione di potere fra i suoi componenti. Tale distribuzione può assumere sia forme democratiche, che dispotiche. A forme di distribuzione del potere non democratiche si associano livelli elevati di conflitto. Quest’ultimo, tuttavia, è una dimensione inevitabile delle associazioni umane. Ciò che distingue le relazioni – familiari e non – non è tanto la presenza o assenza del conflitto, quanto piuttosto la modalità di espressione e di gestione di tale conflittualità. In tal senso, infatti, l’antagonismo relazionale si può tradurre in aggressione e violenza, prevaricazione, lesione della integrità e della libertà, oppure divenire occasione di crescita, di confronto, di mediazione e di negoziazione. La ricerca svolta all’interno del Dottorato in Criminologia dell’ Università di Bologna è finalizzata, attraverso un’integrazione teorica, ad individuare le variabili intervenienti nel contesto e nell’esperienza dei conflitti violenti in ambito di coppia, per accertare il loro eventuale ruolo predittivo del fenomeno. In particolare, s’indagano le modalità attraverso le quali la condizione socio-strutturale dei partner di coppia e la costruzione sociale dei ruoli di genere - con la relativa attribuzione di potere – e le condizioni lavorative, interagiscono nell’ espressione violenta della conflittualità. Il collettivo di riferimento - individuato grazie alla collaborazione di associazioni del privato sociale e di istituzioni pubbliche presenti e operanti nel territorio della Provincia di Trento eroganti prestazioni eterogenee alle famiglie - è composto da coppie sposate/conviventi alle quali è stato somministrato un questionario strutturato.
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Moeketsi, Ntsubise Violet. "Targeting educator resilience : an intervention program for Free State primary school educators affected by the HIV/AIDS pandemic / Moeketsi, Ntsubise Violet." Thesis, North West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/12822.

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The aim of this study was to explore how effectively educators in primary schools in the Thabo Mofutsanyana district (rural QwaQwa area, Free State province) affected by the HIV/AIDS pandemic can be supported to cope more resiliently with the pandemic's challenges, using the Resilient Educators programme (REds). REds has been piloted with urban educators previously, but not with rural educators. In order for me to achieve this aim, I used mixed methods to gather data: qualitative and quantitative data were gathered in the pre- and post-tests (before and after the implementation of REds) to comment on participant empowerment. I interpreted the data to comment on whether and how the REds programme supported educators affected by HIV/AIDS. Previous Reds piloting was done with urban educators. My piloting would explore if and how REds would enable rural educators. To actualise the study, I recruited ten participants (two males and eight females), but only the eight females completed the study. My participants were Sesotho-speaking educators frorn one of the primary schools in the rural area in the Thabo Mofutsanyana district (QwaQwa area) and all were affected by the pandemic. My findings indicated that REds was a meaningful intervention, but that it needs to be improved as regards the following: • Facilitators should take note of the strengths that participants have relating to HIV/AIDS. • Future REds should encourage positive interpersonal relationships. • The entire staff and different stakeholders in the community should be involved in future REds participation. • REds should be an ongoing intervention strategy for supporting infected educators and those otherwise affected by the pandemic.<br>M.Ed., North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2010
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Books on the topic "Violet copper"

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Design, Baby Grass. W: Letter W Journal, Weathered Rose Violet Copper, Personalized Notebook Monogram Initial, 6 x 9. Independently published, 2019.

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Kleespies, Phillip, Basak Efe, and Rebecca Ametrano. When Negative Events Happen. Edited by Phillip M. Kleespies. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199352722.013.42.

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It is difficult to be reminded that all our efforts to deal with behavioral emergencies are not necessarily brought to a positive conclusion. Given that mental health providers are very limited in their ability to detect patients who are at imminent risk of harm to self or others, there are times when there are negative outcomes, and patients who are in treatment nonetheless commit suicide or become violent toward others or even toward the provider. In this chapter, we examine the incidence of such events in clinical practice and the psychological and emotional impact on the clinician or clinicians involved. We also review how clinicians might be better prepared for and cope with the stress induced by such tragic events.
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Book chapters on the topic "Violet copper"

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La Fond, John Q. "Sexually violent predator laws." In Preventing sexual violence: How society should cope with sex offenders. American Psychological Association, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10960-005.

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Idrissou, Yaya, Alassan Seidou Assani, Mohamed Nasser Baco, and Ibrahim Alkoiret Traoré. "Determinants of Cattle Farmers’ Perception of Climate Change in the Dry and Subhumid Tropical Zones of Benin (West Africa)." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_16.

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AbstractUnderstanding the factors influencing the perception of climate change can help improve policies for strengthening the adaptive capacity of pastoralists with regard to climate change. Despite this importance, few studies have focused on this issue, especially among cattle farmers. In order to attempt filling this gap, this study analyzed the determinants of the perception of climate change by cattle farmers distributed in the dry and sub-humid tropical zones of Benin as well as the current adaptation strategies developed by these farmers. For this purpose, surveys were carried out through group discussions and an individual questionnaire administered to 360 cattle farmers in the two climatic zones. The data collected related to the sociodemographic characteristics of cattle farmers and their perception of climate change and adaptation strategies. A binary logit model has identified the factors that influence cattle farmers’ perceptions of climate change. The results of the study showed that cattle farmers perceive a drop in rain (at least 77%), an increase in temperature (at least 80%), and violent winds (at least 60%). Breeding experience, level of education of the farmer, household size, membership of a breeders’ organization, and cattle herd size determine these perceptions. Four major groups of adaptation strategies have been developed by farmers to cope with climate change. These are production adjustment strategies, activity diversification strategies, livestock management strategies, and selection strategies. The political implication of this study is that government and development partners should integrate these factors into projects and programs related to climate change.
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"Violence: analysis, representation and resolution CHARLES A . COPPEL." In Violent Conflicts in Indonesia. Routledge, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203099292-12.

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Bont, Eke. "The psychological impact of involvement in the Irish Republican Army during the ‘Troubles’: Preliminary evidence of moral injury." In Terrorism, Violent Radicalisation, and Mental Health, edited by Kamaldeep Bhui and Dinesh Bhugra. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198845706.003.0008.

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To elucidate some of the psychological implications of involvement in terrorism, this study investigated whether former members of the Irish Republican Army (IRA) experienced moral injury. Ten autobiographical sources from former IRA members who were active during the ‘Troubles’ in Northern Ireland were qualitatively analysed through interpretative phenomenological analysis. The analysis yielded preliminary evidence of morally injurious experiences and symptoms. These symptoms were commonly coped with through reparative actions. Three types of morally injurious experiences were found in this population: experiences associated with the IRA’s strategy of violence; experiences of informing; and experiences during the hunger strike campaigns. Additionally, there was evidence of moral disillusionment with the IRA. The analysis also identified factors that decreased susceptibility to moral injury. How moral injury and moral disillusionment might have played a role in disengagement from the IRA is discussed.
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"I d. SCHENKER'S CRITICAL AND ANALYTICAL WORKS: MANUSCRIPT AND PUBLISHED COPIES. Boxes 16-21." In Heinrich Schenker, Oswald Jonas Moriz Violin. University of California Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520323254-011.

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Dolan, Emily I. "Hearing Perfection." In Testing Hearing. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197511121.003.0005.

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This chapter examines the formation of a particular rhetoric and constellation of values surrounding the violin through the lens of comparative tests between new and old violins. Since the nineteenth century, new violins have consistently won out over old ones. This is part of an ongoing process of mutual calibration between old and new violins: the old violins are updated to meet new playing needs; new violins are made as copies of older instruments. The continual blurring of distinctions between new and old produces what this chapter calls mendacious technology: an instrument that lies about its own historicity. Mendacious technology performs a productive, even essential, role within musical history. The violin itself has undergone many significant, though underplayed, technological alterations, but what has endured is the very notion that the instrument has endured. The musical canon—and meaningful access to it—depends on this careful obfuscating of technological history.
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Flynn, Maria, and Dave Mercer. "Conflict resolution." In Oxford Handbook of Adult Nursing, edited by Maria Flynn and Dave Mercer. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198743477.003.0010.

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Given the nature of nursing work and the stresses of any clinical environment, it is inevitable that conflict situations will emerge in day-to-day practice. Sometimes these can escalate into episodes of verbal or physical abuse, or prompt overt acts of aggressive or violent behaviours. These negatively charged interactions can occur between the service user and the nurse, within the multidisciplinary team, or as some form of dispute in employer/employee relations. The impact of conflict in the arena of care delivery can only ever be detrimental. Knowing how to use effective communication skills in any of these situations, to defuse anger or cope with volatile outbursts, is a valuable resource for adult nurses. This chapter explores individual interventions and organizational responsibilities where the primary aims are to maintain the dignity and safety of the patient and to support members of staff involved in the management of challenging incidents.
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Emsley, John. "Antimony, the great cure-all." In The Elements of Murder. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192805997.003.0015.

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Gram-for-gram, antimony is about as toxic as arsenic but on a dose-for-dose basis it is less life-threatening simply because antimony salts rapidly cause violent vomiting which expels most of the toxin from the body before it can be absorbed. This curious ability of antimony to trigger the muscles of the stomach to expel its contents generally prevented antimony’s misuse as a murder weapon, but occasionally a large single dose did lead to death, as happened to Charles Bravo – see Chapter 10. The fatal dose can be as little as 120 mg, so long as the body retains it. Alternatively, it was possible to kill someone by giving them many small doses, which was George Chapman’s way, as we shall discover in Chapter 11. Antimony is not as widespread in nature as arsenic. It occurs to the extent of only 0.3 ppm of the Earth’s crust, and only 0.3 ppb in seawater, values which are a tenth of those of arsenic. Consequently, the amount of antimony that gets into the food chain is correspondingly less. The amount of antimony released to the atmosphere each year is about 1600 tonnes, most coming from the burning of coal, which contains 3 ppm on average, with metal smelters and municipal incinerators also releasing significant amounts. Over the centuries the amount of antimony in the environment has increased, mainly in line with lead and copper production, whose ores often contain it as an impurity. While the release of this element is of some concern the impact of antimony may have been underestimated. Professor William Shotyk of the University of Heidelberg, Germany, is an authority on antimony and his researches on peat samples taken from Swiss and Scottish bogs show that the level of antimony today is up to a thousand times higher than it was 5000 years ago. Like lead, antimony has no biological role and indeed it is ten times more toxic, and like lead it is a cumulative poison. In Chapter 5, we saw how arsenic can pass through the gut wall into the bloodstream and it can substitute for phosphate in metabolic processes, but this is not possible for antimony despite the fact that it resembles arsenic chemically.
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Yalçınkaya, Özgür. "A General Simulation Modelling Framework for Train Timetabling Problem." In Advances in Civil and Industrial Engineering. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0084-1.ch015.

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One of the most important problems encountered and needed to be solved in railway systems is train timetabling (scheduling) problem. This is the problem of determining a feasible timetable for sets of trains which does not violate track capacities and additionally satisfies some operational constraints of the railway system. In this chapter, a feasible timetable generator framework for stochastic simulation modelling is introduced. The objective is to obtain a feasible train timetable for all trains in the railway system, which includes train arrival and departure times at all visited stations and calculated average train travel time. Although this chapter focuses on train timetabling (scheduling) problem, the developed general framework can also be used for train dispatching (rescheduling) problem if the model can be fed by the real-time data. Since, the developed simulation model includes stochastic events, and it can easily cope with the disturbances that occur in the railway systems, it can be used for dispatching.
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Baecker, Ronald M. "Digital media and intellectual property." In Computers and Society. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198827085.003.0007.

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Vannevar Bush envisioned a machine that would assist humanity in the creative work of writing. Doug Engelbart imagined the collaborative sharing and enhancement of knowledge. Digital media today—text, drawings, photos, audio, and video—surpass the visions of their pioneers. These media may be copied, shared, and modified in ways that challenge the legal system, because unrestricted content sharing without suitable payment to creators runs counter to intellectual property (IP) traditions and laws. Writers, musicians, artists, and inventors have long relied upon IP protection to enable them to control the use of their creations and inventions. Copyright infringement, that is, copying in violation of copyright, threatens the income that they could receive from their creations. The concept of fair use is a critical issue in such discussions, as it allows certain exceptions to copyright. One area that has received a great deal of attention is the digital copying and sharing of music; we shall examine the interplay between conventional behaviour, ethics, technical interventions to limit or block copying, laws and legal battles, and product and pricing innovation. Next, we shall look at similar issues in the domain of motion pictures. There are effective and legal streaming services, yet there are still concerns about copyright infringement. Copyright holders now automatically produce takedown notices to insist that websites remove illegally or improperly sourced material. Such notices include many errors, causing additional complications for video creators. One interesting challenge to the concept and laws of copyright occurs in the creation of mash-ups. Artists use fragments from existing musical or visual performances as well as their own material to create audio-visual works that combine multiple content sources. Artists, lawyers, and businesspeople debate the extent to which such mash-ups violate reasonable copyright protection. Copyright is also significant for academic articles and textbooks. There are two especially interesting cases to discuss. One is the widespread copying of textbooks by students due to the high price of texts. The other is the fair pricing of the publication of research results that have been funded by government grants. This issue has provided one of several stimuli to the creation of open access publications.
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Conference papers on the topic "Violet copper"

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Choi, Kang-Sik, and Chul-Hi Han. "Plasma Etching of Copper Films Using Ultra Violet Radiation." In 1997 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials. The Japan Society of Applied Physics, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/ssdm.1997.a-11-6.

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2

Rui Li, Guang-han Fan, Yong Zhang, and Xian-wen Chen. "High-power violet light emitting diodes with electroplating copper heat spreader." In 2010 OSA-IEEE-COS Advances in Optoelectronics and Micro/Nano-Optics (AOM). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aom.2010.5713543.

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3

Glover, Alison C. J., Elizabeth K. Llly, Michael J. Withford, and James A. Piper. "Ablation threshold and etch rate measurements in high-speed ultra-violet (uv) micro-machining of polymers with uv-copper vapour lasers." In ICALEO® ‘95: Proceedings of the Laser Materials Processing Conference. Laser Institute of America, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2351/1.5058930.

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4

Lunghi, Paolo, Pierangelo Masarati, and Michéle Lavagna. "Multibody Modeling of Sloshing in Spacecraft Ascent and Landing Maneuvers." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-59541.

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Abstract:
Sloshing of liquids in tanks has been always a problem in the design of space vehicles. This is especially true in launch and powered landing systems, in which a significant fraction of the mass is made up of propellant. In such systems, uncontrolled or unexpected violent sloshing phenomena can even lead to the loss of the spacecraft. A typical method to cope with sloshing is to ensure that the attitude control system operates at frequencies much higher than those of the sloshing motion of the fuel. In this case, the project of the controller is realized assuming the liquid as static [1].
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5

Cohen Zilka, Gila. "Awareness of eSafety and Potential Online Dangers among Children and Teenagers." In InSITE 2017: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Vietnam. Informing Science Institute, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3683.

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Abstract:
Aim/Purpose: Awareness of eSafety and potential online dangers for children and teenagers. Background: The study examined eSafety among children and teenagers from their own perspectives, through evaluations of their awareness level of eSafety and of potential online dangers. Methodology: This is a mixed-method study with both quantitative and qualitative elements. The study includes questionnaires and interviews. A total of 345 participants from Israel completed questionnaires; 90 children and teenagers were interviewed from among the participants. Contribution: The study examined eSafety among children and teenagers from their own perspectives, through evaluations of their awareness level of eSafety; potential online dangers; level of privacy online; the degree to which using the Internet facilitates their day-to-day life; exposure to positive, useful, enriching and productive content online; exposure to violent content; the degree to which they communicate or refrain from communicating with strangers online; the degree to which participants feel they require tools to cope with online dangers; the degree to which they define themselves as cautious and prudent Internet users; how they feel online dangers may be avoided – all while accounting for differences in gender, age, and socio-demographic background. Findings: Our findings show that the children and teenagers who participated in the study reported a high level of awareness. After computing a general variable expressing participants’ eSafety awareness level by averaging their responses to various statements, the study found that participants’ awareness level is medium-high. Issues that participants were concerned about included avoiding contact with strangers and cyberbullying, not necessarily by strangers, but also by friends. Recommendations for Practitioners: It is important to teach safe practices for Internet use and ways of coping with cyberbullying in order to maximize the potential inherent in the use of the Internet, and to avoid exposure to online dangers. Recommendation for Researchers: The study examined eSafety awareness by assessing and questioning children and teenage participants regarding their eSafety awareness level, as well as which aspects of Internet use they regard as either positive or negative. The study recommend incorporating in future studies, individual case studies and allowing participants to express how they perceive complex online situations. Impact on Society: This study illustrates the dual potential of Internet use within the context of eSafety, as seen through the eyes of children and teenagers. Future Research: Future studies should analyze differences between children, teenagers, and young adults (up to the age of 24), for the purpose of characterizing eSafety awareness and the effects of abiding by eSafety practices over the years, even after the age of 18, when participants have been using the Internet for relatively many years.
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