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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Viral phenomenon'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Aiewsakun, Pakorn. "Paleovirology : connecting recent and ancient viral evolution." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:370e0a28-ee67-441f-bce6-42ad4cdf9365.

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Endogenous viral elements, or viral genomic fossils, have proven extremely valuable in the study of the macroevolution of viruses, providing important, and otherwise unobtainable, insights into the ancient origin of viruses, and how their ancestors might have co-evolved with their hosts in the distant past. This type of investigation falls within the realm of paleovirologyâthe study of ancient viruses. Investigations of extant viruses and paleovirological analyses, however, often give conflicting results, especially those concerning viral evolutionary rates and timescales. Reconciling these

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2

Muñoz, González Sara. "Immunopathogenesis of postnatal persistent infection generated by classical swine fever virus and its implication in the superinfection exclusion phenomenon." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/402652.

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La peste porcina clásica (PPC) es una enfermedad viral altamente contagiosa de cerdos domésticos y salvajes, incluida en la lista de enfermedades de declaración obligatoria a la Organización Mundial de Sanidad Animal. El agente causal, el virus PPC (VPPC), pertenece al género Pestivirus, familia Flaviviridae. A pesar de los grandes esfuerzos dirigidos a controlar y erradicar la PPC, continúa siendo una de las enfermedades más importantes para la sanidad animal y la industria porcina en todo el mundo. La circulación y la importancia intrínseca de cepas de VPPC de baja y moderada virulencia en l

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3

Karli, Chrysoula. "Socioeconomic factors that determine the phenomenon of migration in current Greece : a quantitative approach." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2016. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/61688/.

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This doctoral thesis commences with a meticulous examination on whether financial, social and institutional determinants associate with the migration performance in Europe and accordingly in Greece. Motivated by the intensity, the magnitude and the financial recession, this thesis presents three empirical chapters on the examination of the determinants that affect the phenomenon of migration. Prior to these three empirical studies a chapter introduces and defines all the variables used as well as the theoretical and methodological framework of the thesis. The first empirical chapter demonstrat

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4

Cuevas, Sergio Alejandro Poveda. "Coarse-grained modeling with constant pH of the protein complexation phenomena." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/95/95131/tde-09062017-123617/.

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Theoretical studies of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the formation and stability of protein complexes have gained importance due to their practical applications in the understanding of the molecular basis of several diseases, in protein engineering and biotechnology. The objective of this project is to critically analyze and refine a coarse-grained force field for protein-protein interactions based on experimental thermodynamic properties and to apply it to cancer-related S100A4 protein system. Our ultimate goal is to generate knowledge for a better understanding of the physical mec

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Rennell, Dale. "A Genetic and Structural Analysis of P22 Lysozyme: A Thesis." eScholarship@UMMS, 1988. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/238.

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P22 lysozyme, encoded by gene 19, is an essential phage protein responsible for hydrolyzing the bacterial cell wall during lytic infection. P22 lysozyme is related to T4 lysozymein its mode of action, substrate specificities, and in its structure. Gene 19 was located on the phage genome, subcloned, and then sequenced. lysozyme was produced in large quantities and purified for biochemical characterization and for crystallograpic studies. Gene 19consists of 146 codons, and encodes a protein with a molecular weight of 16,117. Amber mutations were created in gene 19 by in vitro primer-directed mut

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6

Farrow, Melissa Ann. "Cytoplasmic Localization of HIV-1 Vif Is Necessary for Apobec3G Neutralization and Viral Replication: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2005. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/75.

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The binding of HIV-1 Vif to the cellular cytidine deaminase Apobec3G and subsequent prevention of Apobec3G virion incorporation have recently been identified as critical steps for the successful completion of the HIV-1 viral life cycle. This interaction occurs in the cytoplasm where Vif complexes with Apobec3G and directs its degradation via the proteasome pathway or sequesters it away from the assembling virion, thereby preventing viral packaging of Apobec3G. While many recent studies have focused on several aspects of Vif interaction with Apobec3G, the subcellular localization of Vif and Apo

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7

Brandano, Laura A. "Investigation of the C-Terminal Helix of HIV-1 Matrix: A Region Essential for Multiple Functions in the Viral Life Cycle: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2011. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/552.

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Since the first cases were reported over thirty years ago, great strides have been made to control disease progression in people living with HIV/AIDS. However, current estimates report that there are about 34 million individuals infected with HIV worldwide. Critical in the ongoing fight against this pandemic is the continuing development of highly active anti-retroviral therapies, ideally those with novel mechanisms of action. Currently, there are no medications approved for use that exploit the HIV-1 MA protein, despite its central role in multiple stages of the virus life cycle. This thesis

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8

Forman, Daron. "Viral Abrogation of Stem Cell Transplantation Tolerance Causes Graft Rejection and Host Death by Different Mechanisms: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2002. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/72.

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Tolerance-based stem cell transplantation using sub-lethal conditioning is being considered for the treatment of human disease, but safety and efficacy remain to be established. In order to study these two issues, we first established that mouse bone marrow recipients treated with sub-lethal irradiation plus transient blockade of the CD40-CD154 costimulatory pathway develop permanent hematopoietic chimerism across allogeneic barriers. Our conditioning regimen of 6 Gy irradiation, a short course of anti-CD154 mAb and 25 million fully allogeneic BALB/c bone marrow cells consistently produced lon

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9

Cai, Yufeng. "Energetic and Dynamic Analysis of Inhibitor Binding to Drug-Resistant HIV-1 Proteases: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2009. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/448.

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HIV-1 protease is a very important drug target for AIDS therapy. Nine protease inhibitors have been proved by FDA and used in AIDS treatment. Due to the high replication rate and the lack of fidelity of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, HIV-1 virus developed various drug-resistant variants. Although experimental methods such as crystallography and isothermal titration calorimetry provide structural and thermodynamic data on drug-resistant variants, they are unable to discern the mechanism by which the mutations confer resistance to inhibitors. Understanding the drug-resistance mechanism is cruc

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10

Alencar, Medeiros Gabriel Henrique. "ΡreDiViD Τοwards the Ρredictiοn οf the Disseminatiοn οf Viral Disease cοntagiοn in a pandemic setting". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025NORMR005.

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Les systèmes de surveillance basés sur les événements (EBS) sont essentiels pour détecter et suivre les phénomènes de santé émergents tels que les épidémies et crises sanitaires. Cependant, ils souffrent de limitations, notamment une forte dépendance à l’expertise humaine, des difficultés à traiter des données textuelles hétérogènes et une prise en compte insuffisante des dynamiques spatio-temporelles. Pour pallier ces limites, nous proposons une approche hybride combinant des méthodologies guidées par les connaissances et les données, ancrée dans l’ontologie des phénomènes de propagation (Pro

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11

VIANA, Normando José Queiroz. "Autoconsciência e padrões de atratividade no ciclo vital de homens e mulheres de orientação sexual homo e heteroafetiva." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2016. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17757.

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12

Melanson, Suzanne Marie. "Functional Interaction of BPV-1 E2 with the Papillomavirus Genome: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2009. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/410.

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The bovine papillomavirus type 1 E2 protein is a multifunctional early viral protein with roles in all phases of the cell cycle. E2 is required during G1 as a transcription factor, in S phase to initiate viral replication and during mitosis to tether the viral genome to dividing DNA. The viral genome contains 17 E2 binding sites, the majority of which are concentrated in the long control region (LCR), a regulatory region that is upstream of the viral coding sequence. The role of these binding sites has been explored in vitro using small plasmids and E1 and E2 proteins expressed in bacteria and

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13

Richards, Kathryn H. "Mutations in the vpu and env Genes of HIV-1 Can Adversely Impact Infectivity: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2008. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/378.

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The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is able to infect CD4+ T cells as well as macrophages. Macrophage-tropism has been linked to determinants in the envelope of HIV. These determinants allow envelopes to exploit low levels of CD4 for infection. Macrophages are an important reservoir of virus, especially during chronic infection, and are likely responsible for the bulk of virus produced after CD4+T cells have declined. Viral factors that may impact the ability to infect macrophages are worth studying because this cell type is so important in infection. It was previously reported that the mac

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14

Reitter, Julie N. "A Mutational Analysis of Structural Determinants Within the Newcastle Disease Virus Fusion Protein: a Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 1994. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/78.

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The fusion protein of the Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) contains three hydrophobic domains. To explore the topogenic signals of these domains, mutants were constructed in which each of the hydrophobic domains was deleted. The membrane insertion and topology of these proteins was characterized in a wheat germ cell-free translation system supplemented with canine microsomal membranes. The results indicated that the first 13 amino acids of the fusion protein are necessary to confer translation inhibition by SRP. Translocation of the nascent chains containing all or part of the first hydrophobic s

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15

Kolli, Madhavi. "Co-evolution of HIV-1 Protease and its Substrates: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2009. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/455.

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Drug resistance is the most important factor that influences the successful treatment of individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the causative organism of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Tremendous advances in our understanding of HIV and AIDS have led to the development of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART), a combination of drugs that includes HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, protease, and more recently, integrase and entry inhibitors, to combat the virus. Though HAART has been successful in reducing AIDS-related morbidity and mortality

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16

Heilman, Susan Ann. "Cooperative Oncogenesis and Polyploidization in Human Cancers: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2007. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/327.

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A common phenotype observed in most cancers is chromosomal instability. This includes both structural and numerical chromosomal aberrations, which can promote carcinogenesis. The fusion gene CBFB/MYH11 is created by the structural chromosomal inversion(16)(p13.1q22), resulting in the fusion protein CBFβ-SMMHC, which blocks differentiation in hematopoietic progenitor cells. This mutation alone, however, is not sufficient for transformation, and at least one additional cooperating mutation is necessary. The role of wildtype Cbfb in modulating the oncogenic function of the fusion protein Cbfβ-SMM

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17

Zhu, Xiaonan. "Identification of the Function of the Vpx Protein of Primate Lentiviruses: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2009. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/447.

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Primate lentiviruses encode four “accessory proteins” including Vif, Vpu, Nef, and Vpr/ Vpx. Vif and Vpu counteract the antiviral effects of cellular restrictions to early and late steps in the viral replication cycle. The functions of Vpx/ Vpr are not well understood. This study presents evidence that the Vpx proteins of HIV-2/ SIVSMpromote HIV-1 infection by antagonizing an antiviral restriction in myeloid cells. Fusion of macrophages in which Vpx was essential for virus infection, with COS cells in which Vpx was dispensable for virus infection, generated heterokaryons that supported infecti

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18

O'Bryan, Joel M. "Telomere Length Dynamics in Human T Cells: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2011. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/568.

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Telomere length has been shown to be a critical determinant of T cell replicative capacity and in vivo persistence in humans. We evaluated telomere lengths in virus-specific T cells to understand how they may both shape and be changed by the maintenance of memory T cells during a subsequent virus re-infection or reactivation. We used longitudinal peripheral blood samples from healthy donors and samples from a long-term HCV clinical interferon therapy trial to test our hypotheses. To assess T cell telomere lengths, I developed novel modifications to the flow cytometry fluorescence in situ hybri

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19

Quinlan, Edward J. "Control of Bovine Papillomavirus E2 Function By Acetylation and the Novel E2 Interacting Protein RINT1: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2012. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/585.

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Human papillomavirus infection is the cause of more than 99% of cervical cancer cases. The current vaccine is ineffective therapeutically; highlighting the need for continued papillomavirus research. One avenue that could be explored in this regard is the function of the papillomavirus E2 regulatory proteins. HPV E2 represses expression of the viral E6 and E7 oncoproteins. Reintroduction of E2 into cervical carcinoma cells results in growth arrest and cellular senescence. Understanding the mechanism of how E2 regulates the early promoter may be key to developing new therapeutic and prophylacti

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20

Younan, Patrick. "Identification and Characterization of SNAPIN as a Novel Antagonist of HIV-1 Egress: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2010. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/460.

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Vpu has been shown to possess two distinct roles in the pathogenesis of HIV. First, Vpu has been shown to down-regulate the expression of CD4 molecules at the plasma membrane of infected cells by targeting CD4 molecules for degradation in the endoplasmic reticulum. Second, Vpu promotes viral egress in specific cell lines termed non-permissive cells by mechanism that remain relatively unclear. Therefore, experiments were conducted in order to identify cellular factors involved in the Vpu-dependent phenotype. Using full-length Vpu as bait in yeast two-hybrid experiments, several candidate cellul

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21

Musich, Thomas A. "HIV-1 R5 Tropism: Determinants, Macrophages, and Dendritic Cells: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2012. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/599.

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Around thirty years ago HIV-1 was identified, and from that point the known epidemic has grown to over 30 million infected individuals. Early on in the course of HIV-1 research, viruses were classified as either syncytia inducing, CXCR4-using, T-cell tropic or non-syncytia inducing, CCR5-using, macrophage tropic. Since that time, several groups have shown that this is an oversimplification. There is a great deal of diversity amongst CCR5-using HIV-1 variants. There remains a great deal to be discovered regarding HIV-1 CCR5-tropism and how this affects other aspects of HIV-1 infection. The CD4

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22

Chiu, Ya-Lin. "HIV-1 Gene Expression: Transcriptional Regulation and RNA Interference Studies: a Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2003. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/118.

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Gene expression of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1), which causes Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), is regulated at the transcriptional level, where negative factors can block elongation that is overcome by HIV Tat protein and P-TEFb. P-TEFb, a positive elongation transcription factor with two subunits, CDK9 and Cyclin T1 (CycT1), catalyzes Tat-dependent phosphorylation of Ser-5 in the Pol II C-terminal domain (CTD), allowing production of longer mRNAs. Ser-5 phosphorylation enables the CTD to recruit mammalian mRNA capping enzyme (Mce1) and stimulate its guanylyltransferas

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23

Archana, B. A. "Measurement of the viral phenomenon: New methodological exploration." Thesis, 2018. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/5393.

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Viral phenomenon in marketing refers to the rapid growth and adoption pattern of a product, akin to a biological virus. Viral phenomenon can be defined as “a word-of-mouth diffusion process wherein a message is actively forwarded from person to person, within and between multiple weakly linked personal networks, and is marked by a period of exponential growth in the number of people who are exposed to the message”. The success of Hotmail, a free web-based e-mail, and an Indian movie song ‘Kolavari Di’, are examples of viral phenomenon. Today, business commonly accepts mention of viral market p

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OLVET, THOMAS. "Developmental Metamorphoses: An Investigation into the Phenomenon of Epiphany." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/5157.

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ABSTRACT Learning through epiphanies, especially those not born out of dire crises, can be exciting, hugely satisfying, and life-validating ways to augment the significance of a lesson. In a moment of clarity, they have the ability to transform knowledge into wisdom, to provide a sense of interconnectedness within the grander scheme, and to contribute instant resolutions to persistent dilemmas seemingly irresolvable by less extraordinary means. This study involves a hermeneutic phenomenological investigation of epiphanies as they occur in lived experience. Its primary goal was to address

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25

Hohls, Jeanette. "Theories and computation of second virial coefficients of electromagnetic phenomena." Thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/6050.

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Many bulk properties of gases depend linearly on the gas density at lower densities, but as the density increases departures from linearity are observed. The density dependence of a bulk property Q may often be discussed systematically by expanding Q as a power series in l/Vm, to yield: Q=Aq+Bq/Vm+Cq/V2m+..., where Bq is known as the second virial coefficient of the property Q. Aq is the ideal gas value of Q, and Bq describes the contribution of molecular pair interactions to Q. Theories of Q may be regarded as having two main components, one describing how the presence of a neighbour of a giv

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Abbassi, Zeinab. "Characterizing and Leveraging Social Phenomena in Online Networks." Thesis, 2016. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8RX9C21.

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Social phenomena have been studied extensively in small scales by social scientists. With the increasing popularity of Web 2.0 and online social networks/media, a large amount of data on social phenomena have become available. In this dissertation we study online social phenomena such as social influence in social networks in various contexts. This dissertation has two major components: 1. Identifying and characterizing online social phenomena 2. Leveraging online social phenomena for economic and commercial purposes. We begin the dissertation by developing multi-level revenue sha

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