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Bates, John Marshall 1961. "Winter ecology of the gray vireo Vireo vicinior in Sonora, Mexico." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276587.
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A marked population of wintering Gray Vireos (Vireo vicinior) was studied for two seasons (1985-1986 and 1986-1987) on two study sites near Puerto Lobos, Sonora, Mexico. Eleven of the 15 individuals banded in the first winter returned to the same areas in the following winter. Territories were defended throughout the winter and averaged 0.9 ha in size (N = 9). Territorial interactions occurred frequently along boundaries as neighbors trespassed to forage on each others' territories. All birds appeared to defend individual territories. First year birds appeared to occupy marginal territories on the periphery of the best habitats. Fruit from the elephant tree, Bursera microphylla, became a dominant part of the vireo's diet as winter progressed and the fruit ripened. The importance of B. microphylla to the vireos' winter diet and the high degree of overlap between the winter range of the vireos and the distribution of the plant suggested a mutualistic interaction between them. Gray Vireos acted as the primary dispersers for the plant.
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Quinn, James Patrick. "Studies on the nervous system of Nereis virens." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286828.
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Last, Kim Sven. "Photoperiodism in the semelparous polychaete Nereis virens sars." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324943.
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Kezys, Justinas. "Savivaldybių sudaromos civilinės sutartys (kontraktai): teorinės ir praktinės problemos." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20090908_194104-36149.
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Šis magistro darbas yra iš esmės pirmasis mėginamas detaliau išanalizuoti savivaldybių dalyvavimo sutartiniuose teisiniuose santykiuose koncepciją. Net ir pripažįstant, kad savivaldybės dalyvavimo sutartiniuose teisiniuose santykiuose koncepcija, paremta viešųjų interesų atstovavimu, slypi Lietuvos teisės tradicijoje, be to, yra nulemta socialinės savivaldybių prigimties, reikia pripažinti, kad esminiai pokyčiai, nustatantys aiškius savivaldybių dalyvavimo sutartiniuose teisiniuose santykiuose principus, buvo priimti pastarąjį dešimtmetį. Prie tokių esminių pokyčių derėtų priskirti savivaldybės, kaip juridinio asmens, galinčio savarankiškai ir savo vardu sudaryti civilines sutartis ir įgyti civilines teises bei pareigas, pripažinimas, aiškaus savivaldybių sutarčių kontrolės mechanizmo nustatymas, ribojimų sudaryti tam tikras civilines sutartis pagrindimas, ultra vires doktrinos esmės suformavimas. Savivaldybės, kaip viešieji asmenys, per tam tikras institucijas vykdo dvejopas funkcijas. Be tam tikrų valdžios, t. y. viešojo administravimo, funkcijų, tiek valstybė, tiek savivaldybės vykdo ir ūkinę komercinę veiklą, dalyvaudamos civiliniuose teisiniuose santykiuose kaip civilinių teisinių santykių subjektai. Viena pagrindinių ir labiausiai paplitusių savivaldybės dalyvavimo civiliniuose teisiniuose santykiuose formų yra civilinių sutarčių sudarymas per atitinkamas savivaldybės institucijas. Savivaldybės sudaroma civilinė sutartis bendriausia prasme yra savivaldybės, kaip atskiro... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]It could be thought that this dissertation is one of the first efforts to define the concept of the participation of Local Government in private legal relationship. The concept of the participation of Local Government in private legal relationship, based on representation of public interests (these interests reflect the local community), shall not be clarified as the invention of recent years. It could be said that this concept comes from Lithuanian legal tradition, and what is more, participation in private legal relationship is closely related to social nature of Local Government. However, most of the achievements, which set principles of the participation of Local Government in private legal relationship, were adopted in recent decade. These achievements could be defines as the separate legal personality of Local Government (not of the representative institution of Local Government), which clearly defined the liability of Local Government for its own contractual duties, reforms made on the control regime of the contracts of Local Government, clarification of the doctrine of ultra vires. Local Government, as the public legal person, through its representative institutions acts in two different ways. On the one hand, Local Government shall perform duties as the subject of public administration, but on the other hand, Local Government shall perform duties in accordance with representation of the interests of local community and enter into private legal relationship. Legal... [to full text]
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Gaudioso, Jacqueline M. "Quantification of plumage coloration of a Hawaiian honeycreeper (Hemignathus virens virens) along gradients of biogeography: Does variation exist between sub-populations on the island of Hawai'i? /." University of Hawai'i at Hilo, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1937737681&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=23658&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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CARVALHO, Danielle Brandão de. "Caracterização cariotípica dos gafanhotos Ommmexeche virens e Descampsacris serrulatum (Orthoptera ommexechidae)." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2008. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/1408.
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Os cromossomos de Ommexecha virens e Descampsacris serrulatum (Ommexechidae) foram analisados através de técnica convencional, impregnação com nitrato de prata (AgNO3), bandeamento C, fluorocromos base específicos e hibridização in situ fluorescente (FISH). As duas espécies mostraram número diplóide 2n=23,X0 nos machos e cromossomos acrocêntricos, exceto o par 1 que apresentou morfologia submetacêntrica. O cromossomo X possui morfologia diferente nas duas espécies, sendo acrocêntrico médio em O. virens e submetacêntrico grande em D. serrulatum. O bandeamento C revelou blocos de heterocromatina constitutiva (HC) em todos os cromossomos de D. serrulatum. A coloração CMA3/DA/DAPI, mostrou blocos de HC ricos em pares de base GC (CMA3 positivos) em alguns cromossomos do complemento das duas espécies. As regiões organizadoras de nucléolos (RONs) identificadas pelo AgNO3 foram localizadas em três bivalentes autossômicos de O. virens e quatro bivalentes de D. serrulatum. A técnica de FISH mostrou resultados coincidentes com o padrão de RONs ativas revelados pela coloração AgNO3 nas duas espécies. Esse trabalho apresenta os primeiros dados cromossômicos, obtidos por meio de técnicas citogenéticas diferenciais, em Ommexechidae, contribuindo para uma melhor caracterização da evolução cariotípica nessa família
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Elías, Laroza Enrique. "Los actos "ultra vires" en las sociedades anónimas." THĒMIS-Revista de Derecho, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/107578.
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Teniendo como base jurídica la Ley General de Sociedades, el autor analiza la posibilidad de sostener en nuestro ordenamiento jurídico que las faculta des conferidas por las sociedades anónimas a sus representantes se encuentran limitadas, de acuerdo a cómo se encuentre definido su objeto social. El centro del artículo consiste pues, en la revisión delos alcances y efectos que tienen los denominados actos «ultra vires» en nuestro medio. La posibilidadde anularlos o de restarles eficacia es descartada ante una serie de argumentos de orden práctico y doctrinal, a los que se añade lo dispuesto por los artículos 19 y 173 de nuestra Ley Societaria, que regulan la determinación de la responsabilidad de los representantes.
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Ramos-Gonzales, Ana-Alejandra. "Responsabilidad y límites de los actos ultra vires." Master's thesis, Universidad de Lima, 2016. http://repositorio.ulima.edu.pe/handle/ulima/3127.
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Es allí que me motivo a realizar un trabajo sobre la importancia del objeto social y aquellos actos y contratos que pueden ser celebrados excediéndose de lo circunscrito en el objeto social, lo que se conoce como actos ultra vires. De allí la necesidad de analizar los actos ultra vires y su responsabilidad de quienes han contratado excediéndose de lo circunscrito en su objeto social y como tal sus consecuencias.Trabajo de investigación
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Babb, Corlita Annette. "Rethinking the concept of ultra vires in company law." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.439121.
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Pereira, Mariana Oliveira de Sousa. "Estudo comparativo de métodos de avaliação da capacidade antioxidante de compostos bioactivos." Master's thesis, ISA, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3146.
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Mestrado em Engenharia Alimentar - Instituto Superior de AgronomiaThe objectives of this study concern in evaluate the antioxidant capability of potentially rich matrices. The antioxidant activity of the oregano (Origanum virens L.), essential oregano oil resulting from the hydro distillation and Soxhlet extraction, lyophilized tomato industrial waste, olive industrial waste and natural and commercial blueberry juice was evaluated. The study was started by applying the Rancimat method to oregano and its extracts observing the use of several extracts as well as its evolution through time. The Quencher method based on radical scavenging ability, allows the evolution of antioxidant ability on solids matrices avoiding by this way extraction procedures. , therefore obtaining results that are closer to reality. These methods were applied to various natural matrices. It was concluded that Quencher method allows a more rapid assessment of the activity of the compounds, but is influenced by the nature of the solid matrix. From results we can conclude that whole oregano presents a greater antioxidant power than any of its extracts, tomato and olive by-products. We can also conclude that natural blueberry juice is richer in antioxidants than commercial blueberry juice.
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Rangeley, Robert W. (Robert William). "Habitat selection in juvenile pollock, Pollachius virens : behavioural responses to changing habitat availability." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28648.
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This thesis demonstrates how tidal changes in the availability of intertidal zone habitats can affect the distribution and behaviour of juvenile pollock (Pollachius virens). Schools of pollock moved from the subtidal zone to the open habitat in the intertidal zone. On rising tides, pollock switched from the open habitat at low tidal stages to the dense algal habitat at high tidal stages. On falling tides, pollock rapidly schooled downshore in the open habitat. Pollock were rarely solitary in the open habitat and usually formed large schools. In the algal habitats, pollock were usually dispersed and preferred the dense algae over the sparse algae. Predation risk from birds was widely distributed among depths, habitats and stages of the tide, during the day. In a mesocosm experiment, pollock increased their use of the algal habitat and were more difficult to detect following a simulated bird predator threat. Preference for the algal habitat was density-dependent when either pollock abundance or algal habitat area were manipulated. Pollock responded to their potentially high density in the algae by schooling in the open habitat.
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Bode, Susanna Natalia Saskia. "Phylogeny and phylogeography of European sexual and asexual lineages of Eucypris virens (Crustacea:Ostracoda)." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531120.
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Wright, William Hatfield. "An evaluation of the reproductive biology of Nereis virens in a commercial context." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.403650.
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Levickas, Arminas. "Ultra vires teisinio reglamentavimo ir taikymo problemos Lietuvos privatinėje teisėje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20140627_175520-43400.
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SANTRAUKA Ultra vires teisinio reglamentavimo ir taikymo problemos Lietuvos privatinėje teisėje Iš pradžių ultra vires doktrina buvo sukurta, juridinio asmens steigėjų teisių apsaugai, ir tik vėliau reglamentavimas tapo platesnis ir šiuo metu ultra vires doktrina suvokiama kaip juridinio asmens veiklos teisėtumas tik tuomet, kai tokia veikla jam leidžia užsiimti įstatymas, o visi sandoriai, kurie prieštarauja juridinio asmens tikslams, yra negaliojantys ir jo neįpareigoja. Ultra vires doktrinos reglamentavimas ir taikymas, turi ypatingą reikšmę privatinėje teisėje, nes nuo to, kaip bus reglamentuojama ir taikoma ultra vires doktrina, priklauso privačių bei viešųjų juridinių asmenų sudarytų sandorių galiojimas bei sąžiningų trečiųjų asmenų apsauga. Nors ultra vires doktrina pasaulyje nėra nauja teisinė kategorija, Lietuvos teisiniame reglamentavime atsirado tik įsigaliojus naujajam CK, todėl natūralu, jog kyla tam tikrų reglamentavimo ir taikymo problemų, kurios, remiantis moksline literatūra ir teismų praktika, atskleidžiamos šiame darbe. Darbas susideda iš dviejų pagrindinių dalių: pirmoje - analizuojama ultra vires doktrinos esmė privatinėje teisėje, antroje - atskleidžiamas doktrinos reglamentavimas ir taikymas, išryškinama problematika. Išanalizavus ultra vires doktrinos teisinį reglamentavimą ir taikymą, prieinama išvados, kad daugiausia trūkumų – privačių juridinių asmenų atžvilgiu. Darbo pabaigoje teikiami siūlymai ultra vires doktrinos reglamentavimo tobulinimui... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]SUMMARY The Problems of Ultra vires Legal Regulation and Application in Lithuanian Private Law Initially the ultra vires doctrine was established for the legal entiry founder‘s rights protection, only afterwards the regulation became wider. Currently the ultra vires doctrine is conceptualized as the legality of legal entity‘s activity only when it is permitted by law for him to engage in this activity; all the transactions contradicting the aims of the legal entity are not valid and don‘t bind him over. The ultra vires doctrine regulation and application has a special meaning in the Private law. The validity of the transactions concluded by both private and public legal entities and the defense of bona fide third parties depends on the way of the ultra vires doctrine regulation and application. Although the ultra vires doctrine is not a new juridical category in the world, it appeared in Lithuanian juridical regulation only after the new Civil Code came into force. That is why the rise of some regulation and application problems is a matter-of-course. The abovementioned problems are disclosed in this work with reference to the scientific literature and the courts practice. The work consists of two main parts: the essence of the ultra vires doctrine in the Private law is analyzed in the first one; the regulation and application of the doctrine is dislosed as well as the problems are highlighted in the second one. After the ultra vires doctrine law regulation and application... [to full text]
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Gumpert, Tilman von. "Rechtsfolgen einer Überschreitung des Unternehmensgegenstandes im Gemeinschaftsprivatrecht : eine rechtsvergleichende Untersuchung zum Gesellschafter- und Verkehrsschutz anhand des deutschen und englischen Kapitalgesellschaftsrechts /." Baden-Baden : Nomos-Verl.-Ges, 2002. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/339873299.pdf.
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Mallozzi, Tonya. "Assessment of select isolates of Trichoderma virens as a potential biocontrol against Meloidogyne incognita." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/1666.
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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2004Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Natural Resource Sciences and Landscape Architecture. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Pauls, Lily-Delancey. "Optimization of rearing techniques for cultured marine polychaetes (Nereis virens) using sustainably sourced ingredients." Thesis, Swansea University, 2009. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42755.
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The decrease in wild fish stocks has led to a search for novel feed sources to supply the aquaculture industry. Polychaetes have recently been identified as suitable feed ingredients due to their favourable nutritional composition, especially their lipid profile which is high in unsaturated fatty acids. As ragworm farms have started to develop, there has been a need to understand and improve rearing techniques, in particular the dietary requirements and nutritional profile of the ragworm. In this thesis, research was focused on the king ragworm. Nereis virens. The protein and energy requirements were identified by increasing inclusion levels of nutrients in the diet as well as manipulating feed rations from starvation to satiation. Weight gain, survival, ingested feed as well as protein and energy retention efficiencies were evaluated. Results demonstrated that N. virens gained a proportional amount of nutrient in relation to the amount ingested up to a critical amount when gain either stagnated or decreased. A pattern of nutrient retention and maintenance requirements for different weight classes were calculated. This data was then used for bioenergetic modelling to calculate nutrient requirements using the equation: Requirement: a x BW (g) + c x growth The energy maintenance requirement was found to be 18 J g-1 worm day-1; for protein, the requirement was 0.19 mg g-1 worm day-1. The predicted weight gain (g) for a worm of any given size (g) was y = 0.015g1.106. The total nutrient requirement is the sum of maintenance and growth, including the constant c which is the cost of nutrient deposition. Alternative feed sources were also investigated to observe the extent at which N. virens can utilize novel sources and their abilities to preserve or convert highly unsaturated fatty acids such as EPA and DHA. Results showed a high adaptability to terrestrial animal or vegetable based feed sources but an inability to convert shorter chain or n-6 fatty acids when fed non-marine based feeds. There may however be potential for N. virens to utilize other feed sources from its natural environment to supplement n-3 HUFA content.
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Djonovic, Slavica. "Role of two secreted proteins from Trichoderma virens in mycoparasitism and induction of plant resistance." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4701.
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The soil-borne filamentous fungus Trichoderma virens is a biocontrol agent with a well known ability to produce antibiotics, parasitize pathogenic fungi and induce systemic resistance in plants. Here we report the identification, purification and characterization of an elicitor secreted by T. virens; a small protein designated Sm1 (small protein 1). Confrontation and disk assays demonstrated that Sm1 lacks toxic activity against plants and microbes. Native, purified Sm1 triggers production of reactive oxygen species in rice (Oryza sativa) and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), and induces the expression of defense related genes both locally and systemically in cotton. Gene expression analysis revealed that SM1 is expressed throughout fungal development and is transcriptionally regulated by nutrient conditions and the presence of a host plant. When T. virens was co-cultured with cotton in an axenic hydroponic system, SM1 expression and secretion of the protein was significantly higher than when the fungus was grown alone. These results indicate that Sm1 is involved in plant-Trichoderma recognition and the induction of resistance by activation of plant defense mechanisms. Following the cloning of SM1, strains disrupted in or over-expressing SM1 were generated. Targeted gene disruption revealed that SM1 was not involved in fungal development. Expression of defense related genes in cotton and maize (Zea mays) was induced locally and systemically following colonization by T. virens in the hydroponic system. Low levels of expression of cotton or maize defense genes were found when seedlings were grown with a T. virens strain disrupted in SM1, ssupporting the Sm1-elicitor hypothesis. Additionally, unique proteins in T.virens-cotton/maize interaction were identified. Thus, the induction of defense responses in two agriculturally important crops appears to be microbially mediated. Functional analysis of a cell wall degrading enzyme, beta-1,6-glucananse (Tv-bgn3) from T. virens, demonstrated involvement of this enzyme indirectly in mycoparasitic activity of T. virens. Protein extracts from the strain disrupted in TV-BGN3 displayed reduced capability to inhibit growth of Pythium ultimum as compared to the wild-type. Additionally, protein extracts from the strains co-expressed with TV-BGN2 (beta-1,3-glucananse) from T. virens showed a significantly increased capability to inhibit growth of P. ultimum and Rhizoctonia solani hyphae.
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Lewis, Ceri Nicola. "Fitness components of seasonal reproduction in two polychaeta: Nereis virens (Sars) and Arenicola marina (L.)." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251953.
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Rees, Simon William. "The control of oogenesis in Nereis (Neanthes) virens (SARS) : interactions of environmental and endogenous mechanisms." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242375.
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Wang, Wen Bo. "Cryopreservation of Nereis virens sars and Arenicola marina L. larvae : mechanisms and applications in aquaculture." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245712.
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Kenyon, Haley Linnell. "Song in a hybrid zone between Townsend’s (Setophaga townsendi) and black-throated green (S. virens) warblers." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/45708.
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Song is one of the most widely recognized premating barriers to reproduction between avian species. In oscines both genetic and cultural inheritance contribute to an individual’s song phenotype, contributing to difficulty in predicting the role that song may play in reproductive isolation; interspecific song learning could promote interbreeding. Here I seek to better understand this phenomenon by studying song in a narrow hybrid zone between black-throated green (Setophaga virens) and Townsend’s warblers (S. townsendi). I use multivariate analyses to compare songs in the hybrid zone to those found in allopatry, predicting that if song is a strong barrier to interbreeding, then there should be a relationship between song and genotype in the hybrid zone. I employ a genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) method to identify thousands of markers and develop two hybrid indices. Playback experiments were carried out in the field to test responses to parental songs, and a cline analysis was conducted in order to compare transitions in genotype and song across the hybrid zone. I show that only parental song types are found in the hybrid zone, and furthermore, that there is little if any association between song and genotype in sympatric individuals; this suggests that song is not an important reproductive barrier. Allopatric individuals responded only to local songs, indicating that individuals may exhibit a learned response to songs that they are commonly exposed to. Out of thousands of genomic markers, I identified few that were diagnostic, suggesting that much of the genome may introgress freely between these species. I observed discordance between the song and genotype clines; the song cline was much narrower indicating that song is under stronger selection. Taken together, these findings combine to suggest that song is not a reproductive barrier in this hybrid zone, but is instead a cultural trait that is maintained by frequency-dependent selection. Thus, it may be more beneficial for males to sing a locally common song than to broadcast accurate species-membership information.
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Beardall, Charles Henry. "The effects of starvation and refeeding on the musculature of the marine teleost Pollachius virens L." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14990.
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Chapter 1. A brief introduction is given reviewing the physiology and biochemistry of fish myotomal muscle. Aspects of protein turnover and metabolism in muscle are discussed and related with previous studies on starvation and refeeding in both mammals and fish. Chapter 2. The marine teleost Pollachius virens L. undergoes a natural starvation during the winter months, and provides a reversible, non-pathological model for studying muscle wasting. In this study fish were kept without food under laboratory conditions for up to 12 weeks. The effects of starvation on muscle fibre cross-sectional area, volume fractions of mitochondria and myofibrils, and capillary supply were determined. Mechanisms of myofibrillar degradation during muscle wasting are discussed. Chapter 3. Starvation in the winter months is followed by a period of refeeding in the late spring, and the musculature degraded during the winter is regenerated. In the present study muscle fine structure has been investigated for fish kept without food, under laboratory conditions, for 74 days, and following 10, 20, and 54 days' refeeding. Muscle fibre cross-sectional area, capillary supply, and volume fractions of myofibrils, nuclei and mitochondria were determined from electron micrographs, using digital planimetry and stereological techniques. In contrast to the starvation atrophy observed in chapter 2 the 74 day starvation reported in this chapter resulted in a decrease in the mean fibre cross-sectional area in both fast and slow muscle. Chapter 4. Experiments were performed using SDS/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, to consider the effects of starvation on the relative abundance of actin and myosin heavy chains. Both slow and fast muscle proteins were analysed from control and 66 day starved fish, using densitometric scans of comassie blue stained polyacrylamide gels. The results were expressed as the ratio of each protein relative to actin. Chapter 5. A wide range of biochemical parameters were determined to consider the metabolic effects of starvation and refeeding in saithe. Chapter 6. This chapter investigates the involvement of acid hydrolases and the lysosomal system in muscle atrophy and regeneration, during starvation and refeeding. The results suggest a role for lysosomal enzymes in the breakdown of myofibrillar proteins during starvation. Chapter 7. The results are discussed with reference to the overall strategy of fish to survive starvation immediately followed by a period of rapid muscle repair and growth, during refeeding. The mechanisms Involved in the disassembly and degradation of the myofibrillar proteins are discussed with specific reference to the involvment of the sarcoplasmic reticulum, t-tubules and proteinases. Suggestions are made for further work that may give an insight into some of the questions generated by this research.
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Pairohakul, Supanut. "Evidence for polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in the ragworm (Nereis virens) and the lugworm (Arenicola marina)." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2295.
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There is increasing evidence suggesting that heterotrophic marine organisms could also be potential sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), in addition to marine bacteria and microalgae, including two polychaete species such as the lugworm (Arenicola marina) and the ragworm (Nereis virens). The capacity for PUFAs production by these species is, therefore, essential to understand the roles of polychaetes in relation to PUFA fluxes in an estuarine food web. Two methods were adopted to study fatty acid biosynthesis by the worms: i) quantifying of PUFA fluxes in closed system (A. marina and N. virens) and ii) stable isotope labelling and mass spectrometry to investigate possible pathway (N. virens only). In the first method, the controlled amount of fatty acid inputs and outputs in the culture worms was determined together with GC/GC-MS analysis to calculate the amount of fatty acid gained per system box after subtracting food given fatty acids. Palmitic acid (C16:0) and monoenoic acids e.g. palmitoleic acid (C16:1n7), oleic acid (C18:1n9) and vaccenic acid (C18:1n7) were prominent fatty acids in the system. EPA was found to be accumulated over the period of experiment in both species. In the stable isotope experiment, 13C-labelled palmitic acid (C16:0) was incorporated into the feed pellets and used to trace the changes in the 13C/12C ratio in characteristic peaks of mass spectra. Significant changes in the 13C/12C ratio of key peaks in the spectra compared with the controlled start samples: palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0), arachidonic acid (ARA: C20:4n6) and EPA (C20:5n3) within the 7 days period of experiment revealed a pathway for EPA production in N. virens. These findings would therefore corroborate of the concept that some marine animals are able to generate long-chain PUFAs such as ARA, EPA and DHA. N. virens and A. marina could be one of the very important PUFA sources within estuarine marine ecosystem.
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Heintschel, Bryan P. "An investigation of the influence of Trichoderma virens (hypocreales: hypocreaceae) on reticulitermes virginicus (isoptera: rhinotermitidae) feeding, with an evaluation of the use of labral morphology for identification of reticulitermes from Texas." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5963.
Full textAbstract:
Subterranean termites encounter numerous kinds of fungi during foraging and feeding
activities. Nearly nine decades of research have exposed only a small fraction of the termitefungal
interactions that exist in nature. The first portion of research presented here focused on
how feeding behaviors of Reticulitermes virginicus (Banks) were affected by the fungus
Trichoderma virens (Miller, Giddens & Foster) von Arx. Tests were performed with 'P' (GLT+)
and 'Q'(GLT-) strains of T. virens. Both strains were applied to filter paper and wood disks cut
from southern yellow pine and Sentriconî monitoring devices. The first bioassay assessed the
termites' feeding responses to fungal extracts removed from liquid media on days 2 through 7,
and again on day 15. Only the GLT+ extracts from days 6 and 7 inhibited termite feeding
significantly from the controls (16% and 54% less area loss, respectively). Response to wood
covered by live T. virens mycelia was tested in the second bioassay. No significant differences
in termite consumption were seen between fungal strains, but both substantially reduced the area
loss due to termite feeding of treated wood by an average of 35%. A vacuum impregnation
system was used to inoculate wood disks with fungal homogenate in the third bioassay. The
wood treated with either GLT+ or GLT- homogenates did not have significant differences in area loss due to termite feeding. Overall, these results reiterated the plasticity that exists with termitefungal
relationships.
The second research topic addressed the applicability of labrum-based identification
techniques to Reticulitermes Holmgren in Texas. Soldier labral morphology of four species, R.
flavipes (Kollar), R. hageni (Banks), R. tibialis Banks, and R. virginicus (Banks), was evaluated
as a character to separate species. Length and width measurements of five soldier labra were
taken from each of the eight collection sites. These results were then judged against molecular
analysis of the mtDNA 16S rRNA gene. Findings showed that labral shape was an unreliable
diagnostic characteristic when comparing all species. A combination of length and length-towidth
ratio successfully segregated all four Reticulitermes species. Comparison of a
morphology-based dendogram to the phylogenetic analysis revealed a shared pattern between
phenotypic and genotypic variations.
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Cummins, Tiffany. "The use of GIS remotely sensed data in predicting the occurrence of two endangered avian species in central Texas." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3789.
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Over the last 50 to 150 years there has been widespread conversion of grassland to shrubland throughout the western United States. A major management concern on the Edwards Plateau is the encroachment of Ashe Juniper (Juniperus ashei). To facilitate brush management programs, I investigated relationships of two endangered species, the black-capped vireo (Vireo atricapillus) and the golden-cheeked warbler (Dendroica chrysoparia), with their habitats at the landscape level. GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and remotely sensed data, such as Landsat imagery, DEMs (Digital Elevation Maps), and DOQQs (Digital Ortho Quarter Quads) were used to evaluate vegetative and geomorphic features within both 100m- and 400m-radius areas surrounding occupied and (assumed) unoccupied sites. Stepwise-logistic regression was used to develop probability models for each species within a catchment and was then applied to the entire Leon River Watershed and evaluated for accuracy. Golden-cheeked warblers were identified in areas with mean juniper cover greater than 70%, mean departure from North (aspect), and maximum slope. For black-capped vireos, mean shrub cover, mean departure from North, and mean slope were important in habitat selection. Variables at the 400m spatial scale best identified areas of probable occurrence for both species, indicating that features of landscape surrounding a territory may play an important role in habitat selection.
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Saavedra, Velazco Renzo E. "Change for the better... not to confuse: Critical comments on the reform of the book of Inheritance." IUS ET VERITAS, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/122549.
Full textAbstract:
This article analyzes and discuss critically the bill which pretendsto reform the book of inheritance. Concentrating its analysis on two points, when and how the inheritance is transferred and the limits for transferring assets to third parties, the author points out the practical complications and errors incurred by that reform.El presente artículo analiza y comenta de forma crítica la reforma al libro de sucesiones. Concentrando su análisis en dos puntos, el momento y la forma en que se transfiere la herencia y los límites al causante para transferir sus activos a terceros, el autor señala las complicaciones prácticas y los errores en los que incurre la mencionada reforma.
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McElroy, Anne Elizabeth. "Benz(a)anthracene in benthic marine environments : bioavailability, metabolism, and physiological effects on the polychaete Nereis virens /." Woods Hole, Mass. : Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1912/3134.
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Romão, Aline Silva. "Análise da comunidade fúngica associada à cana-de-açúcar e estudo da interação Trichoderma virens - planta hospedeira." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11137/tde-02082010-151201/.
Full textAbstract:
Fungos associados às plantas desempenham diversas funções biológicas importantes e constituem imensos reservatórios de novos compostos químicos, atividades biológicas e processos biotecnológicos ainda subexplorados. A diversidade estimada para esses microrganismos é enorme, porém menos de 7 % das espécies é conhecida. Em cana-de-açúcar, uma das principais culturas agrícolas do Brasil, estudos de interação e diversidade são recentes e ainda incipientes, principalmente com relação à comunidade fúngica e sua interação com plantas transgênicas. Uma das espécies presentes na comunidade fúngica associada à cana-de-açúcar é o fungo Trichoderma virens, o qual apresenta grande potencial de exploração como agente de controle biológico, promotor de crescimento vegetal e produtor de enzimas e metabólitos secundários. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho buscou primeiramente determinar a estrutura e diversidade da comunidade de fungos (endófitos de raiz e rizosfera) associados a duas variedades de cana-de-açúcar, uma convencional (SP80-1842) e outra transgênica (IMI-1, expressando resistência ao herbicida imazapir), e avaliar possíveis efeitos da transgênese, do estágio de crescimento e do manejo agrícola. Além disso, uma linhagem de T. virens, isolada como endófito de raiz dessa planta, foi selecionada para estudos de interação fungo-planta e determinação dos mecanismos envolvidos na sua atividade de controle biológico. Na primeira etapa do trabalho, que compreendeu isolamento, caracterização e avaliação de alterações na comunidade fúngica, os resultados obtidos mostraram que a comunidade fúngica associada à cana-de-açúcar é formada por pelo menos 35 gêneros diferentes, a maioria do filo Ascomicota, sendo que a sua estrutura incluiu um grande número de gêneros pouco frequentes e um pequeno número de gêneros altamente frequentes (Penicillium, Fusarium, Aspergillus, Trichoderma e Epicoccum), dos quais alguns apresentam especificidade ao local de isolamento (raiz ou rizosfera). A avaliação de possíveis efeitos sobre a comunidade fúngica mostrou que a idade da planta foi o único fator que influenciou de forma significativa as características dessa comunidade, sendo que os efeitos da transgênese, se existentes, devem ser secundários quando comparados às fontes naturais de variação. Na segunda etapa, a linhagem de T. virens T.v.223 foi transformada pelo sistema Agrobacterium tumefaciens e o transformante gerado (expressando resistência à higromicina B e a proteína GFP) foi utilizado em ensaios de interação via reisolamento e microscopia. Os resultados revelaram que esse fungo não promoveu alterações fenotípicas visíveis na planta hospedeira, colonizou predominantemente as raízes, onde formou camadas densas de micélio ao seu redor, antes de penetrar o espaço intercelular das primeiras camadas de célula da epiderme do tecido radicular. Por último, mutantes de T. virens deficientes para produção de quitinases foram gerados por deleção gênica e silenciamento gênico via RNAi e avaliados quanto à capacidade de controle biológico de diferentes fitopatógenos em ensaios em casa de vegetação. Curiosamente, os resultados mostraram que as enzimas quitinolíticas podem ser essenciais à atividade de controle biológico efetuada por T. virens, mas que a importância e a participação dessas enzimas no processo dependem do tipo de planta e de patógeno envolvidos na interação, já que mais de um mecanismo deve contribuir para o controle biológico por T. virens, como por exemplo, a indução de resistência da planta.Plant-associated fungi perform several important biological functions and are considered a vast source of novel chemical compounds, biological activities and biotechnological processes, whose potential is underexplored. The estimated diversity for these microorganisms is massive, but less than 7% of the species are already known. Sugarcane, one of the most important crops in Brazil, has only recently been studied regarding interactions and diversity, but these studies are still incipient, mainly concerning fungal community and its interaction with transgenic plants. One of the species found on sugarcane fungal community is the fungus Trichoderma virens, whose potential on biological control, growth promotion, and enzymes and secondary metabolites production is huge. Taking this into consideration, the current work aimed to determine the structure and diversity of the fungal community (root endophytes and rhizosphere) associated to two varieties of sugarcane, the conventional (SP80-1842) and the transgenic counterpart (IMI-1, expressing imazapyr herbicide resistance), and assess possible effects from transgenese, growth stage and management. In addition, a strain of T. virens, isolated as a sugarcane endophyte, was selected to perform the fungal-plant interaction assays and to determine its biological control mechanisms. The results of the first part of this work, including the isolation, characterization and evaluation of fungal community changes, showed that the sugarcane fungal community is made up by at least 35 different genera, most of them belonging to Ascomycota phylum, and its structure included many genera observed in very low frequencies, and a few genera highly frequent (Penicillium, Fusarium, Aspergillus, Trichoderma and Epicoccum), from which some have specificity to the place of isolation (root or rhizosphere). Assessing possible effects upon the fungal community showed that the growth stage was the only factor significantly influencing the communitys features, besides, if transgenese effects are present, they may be minor compared to other natural sources of variation. The second part of this work included the Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of T. virens strain T.v.223 and utilization of the generated transformant (hygromycin B resistant and GFPexpressing) to perform interaction studies by re-isolation and microscopy. The results revealed that this fungus did not promote any phenotypic change in the host plant, it was found mostly in roots, formed a dense mycelia cover over the roots and was able to penetrate intercellular spaces of root epidermis first layers. Finally, T. virens chitinase-deficient mutants were generated by gene deletion and RNAi gene silencing, and tested for biological control activity against different phytopathogens in greenhouse assays. Curiously, the results showed that chitinolytic activity may be essential to the biocontrol activity of T. virens, but its significance and the input of each chitinase depends on the plant and pathogen playing the interaction, since more than one mechanism may account for T. virens biological control, for instance, the induction of plant resistance.
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Hsu, Bobby. "Transfer and effects of maternal anti-Plasmodium antibodies in Hawai'i 'amakihi (Hemignathus virens) and common canary (Serinus canaria) /." University of Hawai'i at Hilo, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1937737691&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=23658&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Christoferson, Laurel Lynn 1969. "Defining breeding habitat for painted redstarts, solitary vireos, and western wood-pewees in riparian areas of southeastern Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278573.
Full textAbstract:
Determination of reproductive success in birds is important for understanding population dynamics, habitat quality, and features necessary for breeding. I incorporated behavioral observations, nest monitoring, and a reproductive ranking index (Vickery et al. 1992) to (1) categorize painted redstarts (Myioborus pictus), solitary vireos (Vireo solitarus plumbeus), and western wood-pewees (Contopus sordidulus) as breeders or nonbreeders, (2) locate nests, (3) monitor nest status, and (4) determine nest success and parasitism rates in 14 canyons of the Huachuca and Santa Rita mountains, Arizona during 1994-1995. I built logistic regression models for each species that correctly classified 58-68% of successful nesters from unsuccessful nesters, 62-85% of areas used by birds from random sites along the canyons, and at each nest, I correctly classified 39-60% of successful nest sites from unsuccessful nest sites and 87-95% of nest sites from nonoverlapping sites in areas of use. These models can be used to determine areas that would promote occupancy and successful nesting by these 3 species.
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Geier, Gunter Franz [Verfasser]. "Die Bedeutung der Cölomzellen für den Nukleosid- und Nukleotidstoffwechsel der Keimzellen von Nereis virens (Annelida, Polychaeta) / Gunter Franz Geier." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1225795893/34.
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Eriksson, Christian. "ICC Jurisdiction Over Nationals of Non-Party States : An ultra vires abomination, or legitimate judicial conduct?" Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-61261.
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Fischer, Silas E. "Post-fledging and Migration Ecology of Gray Vireos (Vireo vicinior) and Using ArtScience to Explore Gender and Identity." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo158895774132047.
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HULAYS, SAMAH. "Comportement et role des elements du cytosquelette cortical lors de la morphogenese de regeneration buccale chez le cilie climacostomum virens." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CLF22083.
Full textAbstract:
Avec des anticorps specifiques diriges contre certains elements du cytosquelette, nous avons pu etudier la distribution de ces elements dans le cortex du cilie climacostomum virens, en interphase et pendant la morphogenese de regeneration buccale ; nous avons egalement etudie la dynamique de ces elements en microscopie electronique. Les microfilaments non-actine (mfnas), les microtubules et le materiel pericinetosomien subissent un cycle de desorganisation-reorganisation, qui correspond a la destabilisation du cortex permettant la proliferation cinetosomienne dans une region somatique, suivie d'une restabilisation du cortex correspondant au positionnement et a l'orientation des nouveaux cinetosomes. Des experiences de microinjection d'un anticorps qui reconnait les mfnas, nous ont permis de mettre en evidence le role essentiel joue par ce systeme lors de ces deux phenomenes. Une proteine de 38 kda a pu etre identifiee comme proteine majeure de ce systeme. Chez climacostomum virens, le recepteur des informations de destabilisation et ensuite de restabilisation, lors de la morphogenese buccale, serait les cordons de mfnas ; la nature de ces informations reste completement inconnue. Le developpement de systemes microtubulaires a ete etudie fibres transverses (t), fibres postciliaires (pc) et rideaux cytopharyngiens (r). Dans les cineties somatiques, dans les membranelles et dans les cineties du champ peristomien, les t et les pc s'elargissent par addition progressive de nouveaux microtubules, l'un apres l'autre, au fur et a mesure qu'elles s'eloignent des cinetosomes ; dans la parorale, deux rideaux r1 et r2 vont s'ajouter aux pc selon un processus d'addition sequentielle. Nous emettons l'hypothese que la nucleation laterale des nouveaux microtubules des differentes fibres s'effectue selon deux modeles combines : soit a partir du materiel dense de type mtoc (microtubule organizing center), soit par interaction laterale avec un microtubule preexistant.
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Zelionka, Rimvydas. "Bendrovių valdymo organų civilinė atsakomybė." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20081203_204535-69161.
Full textAbstract:
Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucinis Teismas įtvirtino teisminio precedento privalomumo taisyklę, todėl sprendimai turi būti priimami remiantis visuomet tais pačiais teisiniais kriterijais, tie kriterijai turi būti aiškūs ir ex ante žinomi teisės subjektams, t.y. teismų jurisprudencija turi būti prognozuojama. Pagrindinis darbo tikslas yra išanalizuoti bendrovės valdymo organų civilinės atsakomybės taikymo ypatumus Lietuvos teismų praktikoje. Magistro darbo temą analizuojant įmonių teisės prasme, neapsiribojant prievolių teisės civilinės atsakomybės instituto apimtimi, taip pat norima pabrėžti, kad civilinė atsakomybė gali būti neefektyvus pažeistų civilinių teisių gynimo būdas, todėl aptariamas (teismų praktikos kontekste) juridinio asmens teisnumui prieštaraujančio sandorio negaliojimas (ultra vires doktrinos prasme). Bendrovės valdymo organų teisinį statusą svarbu nustatyti norint suprasti, kokie santykiai – civiliniai ar darbo – sieja bendrovę ir jos valdymo organo narį, o ši problema aktuali Lietuvoje, nes civilinę ir materialinę atsakomybę reglamentuoja skirtingos teisės šakos. Teismų praktikos analizė patvirtina, kad pripažįstami civiliniai santykiai, todėl, pavyzdžiui, kad ir sudaroma darbo sutartis su bendrovės vadovu, jam negali būti visa apimtimi taikomas Darbo kodeksas. Bendrovės valdymo organai – vienasmeniai ar kolegialūs – dalyvauja dvejopo pobūdžio santykiuose, iš vienos pusės, valdymo organus sieja santykiai su pačia bendrove, t.y. taip vadinami vidiniai... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Company governance body – sole or collegiate – participates in ambivalent relationship. At one hand they take part in every action inside the company, on the other hand they are involved in correlation with the third parties out of the company. Those two mentioned types of relationships are respectively called internal and external relationships. In the master paper it is anylised the liability of the company executives, which emerge in both types of relationships. An extensive attention is paid to the newly recognised instute of Lithuanian Law – fiduciarial obligations to the company and its members.It covers the essence of internal relationships. This includes obligations of bona fides, discretion and equity, also described obligations of confidentiality and loyality to the company. Also it was mentioned obligations of the evasion and disclosure of the conflicts of interests in the company and use of the company property satisfying personal needs implemented in the Civil Code of Lithuania. The external relationship covers the obligation of the company reimburse the damages to the third parties, and only after that they obtain the right to regress all the suffered damages, which were suffered by the guilt of the company governance body according to Lithuanian Laws and The Supreme Court practice. It was mostly refered to the Lithuanian Courts decisions and settled practice, also were analysed Lithuanian Civil Code and other Laws provisions reffered to the topic in the final... [to full text]
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Delaire-Hesdin, Annick. "Production d'anticorps monoclonaux dirigés contre des neurosécrétions du cerveau de Nereis virens : purification des neuropeptides reconnus et identification des cellules concernées." Lille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL10101.
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Chez les néréidiens, de nombreux travaux expérimentaux ont montré la présence dans le système nerveux d'hormones influençant des phénomènes biologiques essentiels tels que la reproduction, la croissance somatique et la régénération. Par ailleurs, des investigations immunohistologiques réalisées à l'aide d'anticorps dirigés contre des neuropeptides de vertébrés ont permis de détecter, dans le système nerveux de nereis, l'existence de nombreuses molécules apparentées à ces substances. Le but de notre travail a été d'améliorer les connaissances acquises sur les neurosécretions chez les néréidiens. Après avoir contribué à la purification de la molécule impliquée dans l'inhibition de la spermatogénèse, nous avons produit des anticorps monoclonaux dirigés contre des neurosécrétions du cerveau de nereis virens. Nous avons focalisé notre attention sur un anticorps, que nous avons nomme NV 24, reconnaissant une fraction purifiée contenant le facteur inhibiteur de la spermatogénèse. Nous avons montré que NV 24 reconnaît une molécule qui n'est pas le SIF. Nous avons analysé cette molécule en résonance magnétique nucléaire et ainsi mis en évidence sa nature peptidique. Grâce à nv 24, nous avons détecté l'existence de deux protéines cérébrales dont le poids moléculaire est de 78,5 et 109 kdaltons, que nous supposons être les formes précurseurs des peptides reconnus par NV 24. Enfin, les études immunohistologiques que nous avons réalisées ont conduit à la mise en évidence de cellules immunoréactives dans 8 noyaux ganglionnaires et dans un groupe cellulaire de la chaine nerveuse
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Fayaz, Muhammad. "The vires of pre-charge terror detention in Pakistan and the UK : a liberal critique and comparison." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2018. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/25396/.
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This research examines the treatment of terror detainees during pre-charge detention in Pakistan and the UK. Pakistan is the principal focus and the UK acts as a comparator thereto. Suspected terrorists are more vulnerable to maltreatment during pre-charge detention. Their vulnerability increases more in a country like Pakistan where more than 60,000 people have died in various terrorist attacks. Arguably, there is no case-study on the topic in Pakistan and the UK has not been used as a comparator. This scholarship, therefore, attempts to fill the gap by evaluating the treatment of terror detainees during pre-charge detention in Pakistan by using relevant human rights law and principles as a yardstick and the UK as a comparator to the main case. This scholarship uses liberal critique research methodology assessing pre-charge terror detention in the following six themes: the period of pre-charge terror detention; police interrogation and questioning; internal police review mechanisms; police records; the rights of a terror suspect to contact the outside world; and the detention conditions. The relevant anti-terror legislation of the two countries will be used to find the law on the topic. The related provisions in the UDHR, ICCPR and UNCAT will also be used to find out how we ought to treat terror detainees in a criminal justice system. The results show that the UK fulfils most of its human rights obligations, while Pakistan does not. The UK provides a maximum period of 14 days for pre-charge detention, while Pakistan has 90 days. A terror suspect can be interrogated for up to two hours at a time in the UK, while police interrogation sessions in Pakistan are unlimited. The UK includes internal police review mechanism as a check on the special powers of the police, while there is no such arrangement in Pakistan. The countries also differ in their police records, the rights of a terror suspect to contact the outside world and the detention conditions. Consequently, Pakistan can arguably learn from the UK's experience on the topic.
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Montoya, Stahl Alfonso, and Jordán Fernando Loayza. "The mandatory determination of the Corporate Purpose: An outdated rule." IUS ET VERITAS, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/122677.
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The authors discussed on the alleged utility as well as the drawbacks of the mandatory determination of corporate purpose. They analyze and criticize the required characteristics of the corporate purpose by the Peruvian corporate regulation as well as the alleged benefits of making mandatory its determination. The authors propose the elimination of the obligation to determine the corporate purpose in order to give corporations freedom to configure their economic activity without being limited by an outdated rule.En el presente artículo, los autores discuten la presunta utilidad como inconvenientes de la obligación de determinar el objeto social. En ese sentido, se analiza las características exigidas al objeto social, como los supuestos beneficios que traería su regulación. Los autores proponen la eliminación de la obligación de determinar el objeto social a fin de permitir a las sociedades configurar libremente su actividad, sin verse limitadas por una norma rígida.
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Meehan, Amy L. "Impacts of group selection harvest openings on the reproductive success of the Solitary Vireo (Vireo solitarius alticola)." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/44965.
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Solitary Vireos (Vireo solitarius alticola) were studied on an extensive mature forest landscape in 1994 and on three sites harvested using the group selection method in 1995. Pairing success was 88% on the unharvested site in 1994, however it was lower on the harvested sites in 1995 (53.8%). Low reproductive success was observed in both years (12% and 22% respectively). In 1995, the amount of opening within a 200 meter radius of the first observation point of a male was positively related to pairing success (p<0.05). This suggests that females may be cueing in on the increased number of shrubs in and around openings.Master of Science
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Sarno, Benedetta. "A comparison of behaviour and feeding ecology of saithe, Pollachius virens (L.), and pollack, Pollachius pollachius (L.), in a Scottish sea loch." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307199.
Full textAbstract:
Two closely related and morphologically similar gadoid predators, saithe, Pollachius virens (L.), and pollack, Pollachius pollachius (L.), coexist in close proximity on a submerged reef and in other similar inshore habitats in Loch Ewe, Scotland. The degree of overlap between the niches of these two gadoids in the wild was investigated by means of acoustic tracking, underwater television and an examination of stomach contents. Their density and distribution in Loch Ewe was investigated by a tag-and-release sampling program. Simultaneous tracking of individuals of both species in proximity of the reef revealed that pollack generally swim more slowly than saithe, limiting much of their movements to restricted areas of the submerged reef. Saithe ranged more widely around the reef as part of a school during the day, moving onto the reef at night. Individual saithe were observed abandoning the reef, either temporarily or permanently. This is thought to be part of a gradual shift of the population towards the open waters. A sampling program in Loch Ewe provided further evidence for a seasonal migration of large immature saithe (2+) from inshore to offshore waters. Although the dietary overlap was considerable, saithe consumed a wider range of prey than pollack, including numerous species from the fauna encrusting the kelp. Both species were highly piscivorous and fed on the same species of fish, but their feeding behaviour appeared largely different. Video recordings showed that saithe swam actively and foraged in small groups, taking prey items from the kelp. They appeared to be active, 'opportunistic' foragers. Pollack were generally solitary and used the kelp forest exclusively for cover, behaving as 'sit-and-wait' predators and ambushing their potential prey beneath the kelp canopy. Pollack were often observed engaging in aggressive interactions with conspecifics, probably to defend feeding territories. The relationship between different aspects of behaviour and feeding ecology of saithe and pollack are discussed in the wider context of recruitment of juveniles to the commercial stocks.
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Pini, Jennifer M. "An assessment of the impacts of chronic exposure of copper and zinc on the polychaete Nereis (Alitta) virens using an integrated ecotoxicological approach." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2014. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/an-assessment-of-the-impacts-of-chronic-exposure-of-copper-and-zinc-on-the-polychaete-nereis-alitta-virens-using-an-integrated-ecotoxicological-approach(c834323c-1212-442a-84f4-7c121293f9aa).html.
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Although copper and zinc are essential metals to aquatic organisms, they can become contaminants and potentially toxic to marine invertebrates due to anthropogenic activities. The king ragworm, Nereis virens is an ecologically and commercially important polychaete species of soft sediment inter-tidal communities found throughout Europe and the northern hemisphere and is exposed to elevated levels of contaminants including metals. However, the impact of longterm exposure of copper and zinc alone and combined has not yet been investigated. In this context, this study aimed to undertake a nine months experiment, sampling every three months, based on environmentally relevant concentrations obtained from a field sampling effort, in combination to a multi-biomarker approach. Using the polychaete N. virens as test species, this multi-biomarker approach revealed the effects of copper and zinc not only at an individual level but also and more importantly at a population level. It is valid to investigate chronic effects of these pollutants as this species readily acclimatises to captive conditions and the endocrine control of growth, maturation and reproduction is already well documented. N. virens were incubated for nine months in environmentally relevant concentrations of copper-spiked sediment, zinc-spiked sediment and copper & zinc combined-spiked sediment. These concentrations were obtained thanks to preliminary field samples of sediment, pore-water and N. virens collected from seven sites along the English Channel coast namely Mylor (Fal Estuary), Saltash, Tamar Estuary), Holes Bay (Poole Harbour), Tipner (Portsmouth Harbour), Broadmarsh (Langstone Harbour) and the Conservancy & Dell quay (Chichester Harbour). Results from these seven sites showed that site-specific metal levels and sediment characteristics were important in determining the bioavailability of metals to worms. Strong correlations were found between copper in the sediment and in the pore water and between zinc in the pore water and in N. virens. Zinc from the pore water was thus more readily available to N. virens than copper. Data also showed that metal concentrations in the worms were lower than those found in other closely related polychaetes, indicating that N. virens may regulate the uptake of metals. Based on data obtained from Holes Bay, Saltash and Mylor, the copper-spiked sediment values ranged from 70 mg kg⁻¹ to 575 mg kg⁻¹, the zinc-spiked sediment values from 200 mg kg⁻¹ to 1160 mg kg⁻¹ and the combination of both were used for the combined treatments. A range of endpoints were then used allowing the study of behavioural, biochemical, cellular and genetic changes over time. As high variability in responses were observed over time, this study revealed the complexity of interpreting metal toxicity. Overall, high copper and high copper & zinc combined treatments showed the most damages with hypoactivity, increase of metallothionein concentrations, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity, decrease in cell viability and increase of DNA damage. However, no significant correlations were obtained for acetylcholinesterase activity suggesting that this biomarker is not adequate when considering metal toxicity to N. virens. In addition, the effects of metals on energy reserves were difficult to evaluate as no clear trends were observed. Moreover, seasonal fluctuations and reproduction that occurred during the long-term experiment have proven to be important factors while investigating long-term effects of metals on N. virens. However, the results obtained in this study suggested that N. virens is tolerant to copper and zinc pollution through the activation of detoxification processes as defence mechanisms leading to the possibility of metal adaptation at a population level. For the first time, this study revealed that not only high levels of copper were toxic to N. virens but also that the combination of high copper & zinc treatment was highly and even more toxic to these worms. BioAccumulation Ratios showed that the competition for the uptake between copper and zinc varied over time and was dependent on metal concentrations. In addition, the evaluation of the Biomarker Response Index revealed 1. that the combined, high copper & zinc treatment, was the most toxic to the worms and 2. that DNA damage, metallothioneins and weight were the most sensitive and reliable endpoints used to evaluate copper and zinc toxicity.
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Stefanelo, Daniela Rossato. "Doses, ambiente e forma de infecção causada por fusarium solani f.sp. chrysanthemi em crisântemo (dendranthema grandiflora) cv. calabria e seu controle por trichoderma virens." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2004. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5138.
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Fusarium wilt has been damaging the chrysanthemum crop in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul, especially in those cultivated in greenhouse. Four experiments were done with the objective of studying the effect of doses, environment, and forms of infection of Fusarium solani f. sp. chrysanthemi in chrysanthemum and its control by Trichoderma virens. In the first experiment, the objective was to select the inoculum
quantity of F. solani f. sp. chrysanthemi needed to infect chrysanthemum plants cv. Calabria and 6g/600 g of soil was found to be the most damaging to the plants. In the second experiment, the inoculation of the pathogen by soil infestation or root immersion, with and without physical damage of the roots, was tested. There was no difference between the inoculation forms and the plants with damaged roots showed less growth. In the third and fourth experiments six isolates and five doses of biological powders of Trichoderma virens were tested in the control of the Fusarium wilt and the
growth of plants. Since the plants did not show symptoms of Fusarium, it was not possible to determine the best doses of Trichoderma to control the disease and the utilization of the biological powders interfered negatively in the growth of
chrysanthemum plants cv. Calabria.A murcha de Fusarium tem causado danos à cultura do crisântemo na região central do Rio Grande do Sul, especialmente nos cultivos em ambiente protegido. Quatro experimentos foram desenvolvidos com o objetivo de estudar o efeito de doses, ambiente e formas de inoculação de Fusarium solani f. sp. chrysanthemi em crisântemo, e seu controle por Trichoderma virens. No primeiro experimento, objetivou-se selecionar a quantidade de inóculo de F. solani f. sp. chrysanthemi necessária à infecção de plantas de crisântemo cv. Calabria, sendo que 6g/600g de solo foi considerada a mais prejudicial às plantas. No segundo experimento, foi testada a inoculação do patógeno por infestação do solo ou imersão de raízes, em presença ou não de dano nas raízes. Não houve diferença entre as formas de inoculação e as plantas com dano nas raízes apresentaram menor desenvolvimento. No terceiro e quarto experimentos, foram testados seis isolados e cinco doses de pós contendo inóculo de Trichoderma virens no controle da murcha de Fusarium e no desenvolvimento das plantas. Em decorrência da ausência de sintomas de Fusarium, não foi possível determinar a melhor dose de Trichoderma para o controle da murcha e a utilização dos pós de Trichoderma interferiu negativamente no crescimento das plantas de crisântemo cv. Calabria.
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Fernández, Gates Carlos Alberto. "Revisando la necesidad de mantener la doctrina de los actos ultra vires en el objeto social de las sociedades peruanas." IUS ET VERITAS, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/123725.
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Elias, Laroza Enrique. "El Objeto Social, Los Alcances de la Representación y los Actos «Ultra Vires» en la Nueva Ley General de Sociedades." Derecho & Sociedad, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118208.
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Le, Baillif Anne-Marie, and Jean de Virey. "Jean Virey seigneur du Gravier, dramaturge de la seconde moitié du XVIe siècle : étude et édition critique de ses pièces." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040029.
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Jean Virey du Gravier dramaturge normand de la seconde moitié du XVIème siècle est l'auteur de trois pièces en alexandrins sur des sujets orignaux : La Macchabée, tragédie du martyre des sept frères et de Solomone leur mère; Tragédie de la divine et heureuse victoire des macchabées sur le roi Antiochos et La Tragédie de Jeanne d'Arques. Ces trois œuvres sont liées à la vie militaire de l'auteur en effet la première tragédie dédicacée à la maréchale de Matignon, épouse du protecteur de Viry, a été écrite pour célébrer le courage maternel devant l'épreuve; la seconde tragédie porte sur le thème de la conquête du trône et la conversion du roi Henri IV; la troisième tragédie, d'abord attribuée à Berthrand d'Orléans est dévolue à la famille Biron. Dans cette dernière œuvre Virey superpose les faits d'armes de la pucelle et l'héroïsme des maréchaux de Biron. Cette pièce est un grand exercice baroque dans lequel les comparaisons les plus difficiles sont osées, comme celle qui porte sur la religion : Jeanne est entièrement vouée à dieu, Charles entièrement tourné vers l'ésotérisme. C'est une œuvre qui dans son ensemble doit beaucoup, sur le plan de l'écriture, aux modèles cités par l'auteur lui-même : Jodelle, Filleul et RonsardJean Virey du Gravier wrote three plays between 1595 and 1600. The subjects he has chosen are connected with his military life. At odet de Matignon's death he found in Maccabees' the argument for his first play La Machabée, tragédie du martyre des sept frères et de Solomone leur mère. This play is devoted to the Marechale de Matignon the mother of the dead young man. The second play refers to the difficulties in the way of Henry IV to reach the throne of France. To reach this aim, Judas machabee assumed the personality of king Henry IV in: La Tragédie de la divine et heureuse victoire des machabées sur le roi Antiochus. The third play mixes two figures Jeanne d'Arc and Charles Contaud Maréchal de Biron. They have both saved the kingdom conducting the army to the victory and with this fact the king to the crowning
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Olivier, Etienne Aubrey. "The impact of the Companies Act 71 of 2008 on the doctrines of ultra vires and constructive notice as it relates to unauthorised contracts." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5149.
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Magister Legum - LLMAn agent acting in excess of his authority creates several legal problems, particularly in company law. In South African law, like in many other legal systems around the world, the interplay between the doctrines of ultra vires and constructive notice has, historically, played a profound role in governing the relationship between a company, its representatives, and outsiders. For decades, the contractual capacity and consequent liability of companies have been guided by thorny and intricate legal principles. This issue has become especially intriguing in light of the changes to the company law regime introduced by the new legislation. The relevant sections of the Companies Act 71 of 2008 (the 2008 Act) that allow for the restriction of a company's powers, require close scrutiny and thoughtful consideration. To that end, this thesis shall examine some of the legal consequences arising from the conclusion by a company's agent of an "unauthorised contract".
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Quiñonez, Velázquez Casimiro. "Survie relative et trajectoires de croissance de la ponte à la métamorphose chez la goberge, Pollachius virens et l'aiglefin, Melanogrammus aeglefinus du plateau néo-écossais." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq25449.pdf.
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Islam, M. D. Monirul. "A study of the lipid composition of cultured Nereis virens sars and Arenicola marina L. (Annelida:Polychaeta) in relation to their use in aquaculture maturation diets." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366523.
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FAÇANHA, José Augusto Delmiro. "A Desconsideração da personalidade jurídica: aplicação no Direito brasileiro moderno." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2002. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/4599.
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Previous issue date: 2002O presente trabalho apresenta questionamentos acerca da desconsideração da personalidade jurídica, remédio jurídico no combate às condutas abusivas, servindo de mecanismo ao credor da sociedade para penetrar no patrimônio do sócio. A desconsideração no Direito brasileiro agora encontra égide no ordenamento jurídico pátrio, tanto nas relações de consumo, como nos negócios no âmbito do Direito Civil. Mostra-se, também, no presente trabalho, o que é a disregard doctrine, como funciona, quais seus efeitos, bem como a teoria ultra vires interfere na sua aplicação, pois, por força do Decreto n.º 3.708/19, a sociedade limitada responde pelos atos praticados em seu nome, mesmo em havendo fraude. É forma de segurança ao terceiro e também proteção à própria sociedade empresária. A desconsideração não pode ser declarada de ofício pelo juiz; a palavra pode no nosso ordenamento não caracteriza faculdade, pois o magistrado está adstrito à força do conjunto probatório para o livre convencimento. Embora a desconsideração exista, no nosso direito moderno, com aplicação eficaz, há divergência acerca do momento de se alcançar o sócio fraudador; há os que defendem a participação do sócio no processo de conhecimento, e os defensores de que o sócio, sem participar do conhecimento, possa ser alcançado na execução. A segunda corrente, porém, no nosso entendimento, coaduna-se com as garantias constitucionais