Relevant bibliographies by topics / Virsbo

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Virsbo'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 8 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Virsbo"

1

den Hartigh, Andreas B., Hortensia G. Rolán, Maarten F. de Jong, and Renée M. Tsolis. "VirB3 to VirB6 and VirB8 to VirB11, but Not VirB7, Are Essential for Mediating Persistence of Brucella in the Reticuloendothelial System." Journal of Bacteriology 190, no. 13 (2008): 4427–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00406-08.

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ABSTRACT The Brucella abortus virB locus contains 12 open reading frames, termed virB1 through virB12, which encode a type IV secretion system. Polar mutations in the virB locus markedly reduce the ability of B. abortus to survive in cultured macrophages or to persist in organs of mice. While a nonpolar deletion of the virB2 gene reduces survival in cultured macrophages and in organs of mice, a nonpolar deletion of virB1 only reduces survival in macrophages, whereas virB12 is dispensable for either virulence trait. Here we investigated the role of the remaining genes in the virB locus during survival in macrophages and virulence in mice. Mutants carrying nonpolar deletions of the virB3, virB4, virB5, virB6, virB7, virB8, virB9, virB10, or virB11 gene were constructed and characterized. All mutations reduced the ability of B. abortus to survive in J774A.1 mouse macrophage-like cells to a degree similar to that caused by a deletion of the entire virB locus. Deletion of virB3, virB4, virB5, virB6, virB8, virB9, virB10, or virB11 markedly reduced the ability of B. abortus to persist in the spleens of mice at 8 weeks after infection. Interestingly, deletion of virB7 did not reduce the ability of B. abortus to persist in spleens of mice. We conclude that virB2, virB3, virB4, virB5, virB6, virB8, virB9, virB10, and virB11 are essential for virulence of B. abortus in mice, while functions encoded by the virB1, virB7, and virB12 genes are not required for persistence in organs with this animal model.
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Baron, Christian, Natalie Domke, Michael Beinhofer, and Siegfried Hapfelmeier. "Elevated Temperature Differentially Affects Virulence, VirB Protein Accumulation, and T-Pilus Formation in Different Agrobacterium tumefaciens andAgrobacterium vitis Strains." Journal of Bacteriology 183, no. 23 (2001): 6852–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.183.23.6852-6861.2001.

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ABSTRACT That gene transfer to plant cells is a temperature-sensitive process has been known for more than 50 years. Previous work indicated that this sensitivity results from the inability to assemble a functional T pilus required for T-DNA and protein transfer to recipient cells. The studies reported here extend these observations and more clearly define the molecular basis of this assembly and transfer defect. T-pilus assembly and virulence protein accumulation were monitored in Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain C58 at different temperatures ranging from 20°C to growth-inhibitory 37°C. Incubation at 28°C but not at 26°C strongly inhibited extracellular assembly of the major T-pilus component VirB2 as well as of pilus-associated protein VirB5, and the highest amounts of T pili were detected at 20°C. Analysis of temperature effects on the cell-bound virulence machinery revealed three classes of virulence proteins. Whereas class I proteins (VirB2, VirB7, VirB9, and VirB10) were readily detected at 28°C, class II proteins (VirB1, VirB4, VirB5, VirB6, VirB8, VirB11, VirD2, and VirE2) were only detected after cell growth below 26°C. Significant levels of class III proteins (VirB3 and VirD4) were only detected at 20°C and not at higher temperatures. Shift of virulence-induced agrobacteria from 20 to 28 or 37°C had no immediate effect on cell-bound T pili or on stability of most virulence proteins. However, the temperature shift caused a rapid decrease in the amount of cell-bound VirB3 and VirD4, and VirB4 and VirB11 levels decreased next. To assess whether destabilization of virulence proteins constitutes a general phenomenon, levels of virulence proteins and of extracellular T pili were monitored in different A. tumefaciens and Agrobacterium vitis strains grown at 20 and 28°C. Levels of many virulence proteins were strongly reduced at 28°C compared to 20°C, and T-pilus assembly did not occur in all strains except “temperature-resistant” Ach5 and Chry5. Virulence protein levels correlated well with bacterial virulence at elevated temperature, suggesting that degradation of a limited set of virulence proteins accounts for the temperature sensitivity of gene transfer to plants.
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Hapfelmeier, Siegfried, Natalie Domke, Patricia C. Zambryski, and Christian Baron. "VirB6 Is Required for Stabilization of VirB5 and VirB3 and Formation of VirB7 Homodimers in Agrobacterium tumefaciens." Journal of Bacteriology 182, no. 16 (2000): 4505–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.182.16.4505-4511.2000.

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ABSTRACT VirB6 from Agrobacterium tumefaciens is an essential component of the type IV secretion machinery for T pilus formation and genetic transformation of plants. Due to its predicted topology as a polytopic inner membrane protein, it was proposed to form the transport pore for cell-to-cell transfer of genetic material and proteinaceous virulence factors. Here, we show that the absence of VirB6 leads to reduced cellular levels of VirB5 and VirB3, which were proposed to assist T pilus formation as minor component(s) or assembly factor(s), respectively. Overexpression ofvirB6 in trans restored levels of cell-bound and T pilus-associated VirB5 to wild type but did not restore VirB3 levels. Thus, VirB6 has a stabilizing effect on VirB5 accumulation, thereby regulating T pilus assembly. In the absence of VirB6, cell-bound VirB7 monomers and VirB7-VirB9 heterodimers were reduced and VirB7 homodimer formation was abolished. This effect could not be restored by expression of VirB6 in trans. Expression of TraD, a component of the transfer machinery of the IncN plasmid pKM101, with significant sequence similarity to VirB6, restored neither protein levels nor bacterial virulence but partly permitted T pilus formation in a virB6 deletion strain. VirB6 may therefore regulate T pilus formation by direct interaction with VirB5, and wild-type levels of VirB3 and VirB7 homodimers are not required.
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Judd, Paul K., David Mahli, and Anath Das. "Molecular characterization of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens DNA transfer protein VirB6." Microbiology 151, no. 11 (2005): 3483–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.28337-0.

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The VirB proteins of Agrobacterium tumefaciens assemble a T-pilus and a type IV secretion (T4S) apparatus for the transfer of DNA and proteins to plant cells. VirB6 is essential for DNA transfer and is a polytopic integral membrane protein with at least four membrane-spanning domains. VirB6 is postulated to function in T-pilus biogenesis and to be a component of the T4S apparatus. To identify amino acids required for VirB6 function, random mutations were introduced into virB6, and mutants that failed to complement a deletion in virB6 in tumour formation assays were isolated. Twenty-one non-functional mutants were identified, eleven of which had a point mutation that led to a substitution in a single amino acid. Characterization of the mutants indicated that the N-terminal large periplasmic domain and the transmembrane domain TM3 are required for VirB6 function. TM3 has an unusual sequence feature in that it is rich in bulky hydrophobic amino acids. This feature is found conserved in the VirB6 family of proteins. Studies on the effect of VirB6 on other VirB proteins showed that the octopine Ti-plasmid VirB6, unlike its nopaline Ti-plasmid counterpart, does not affect accumulation of VirB3 and VirB5, but has a strong negative effect on the accumulation of the VirB7-VirB7 dimer. Using indirect immunofluorescence microscopy the authors recently demonstrated that VirB6 localizes to a cell pole in a VirB-dependent manner. Mutations identified in the present study did not affect polar localization of the protein or the formation of the VirB7-VirB7 dimer. A VirB6-GFP fusion that contained the entire VirB6 ORF did not localize to a cell pole in either the presence or the absence of the other VirB proteins. IMF studies using dual labelling demonstrated that VirB6 colocalizes with VirB3 and VirB9, and not with VirB4, VirB5 and VirB11. These results support the conclusion that VirB6 is a structural component of the T4S apparatus.
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Mossey, Pamela, Andrew Hudacek, and Anath Das. "Agrobacterium tumefaciens Type IV Secretion Protein VirB3 Is an Inner Membrane Protein and Requires VirB4, VirB7, and VirB8 for Stabilization." Journal of Bacteriology 192, no. 11 (2010): 2830–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01331-09.

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ABSTRACT Agrobacterium tumefaciens VirB proteins assemble a type IV secretion apparatus and a T-pilus for secretion of DNA and proteins into plant cells. The pilin-like protein VirB3, a membrane protein of unknown topology, is required for the assembly of the T-pilus and for T-DNA secretion. Using PhoA and green fluorescent protein (GFP) as periplasmic and cytoplasmic reporters, respectively, we demonstrate that VirB3 contains two membrane-spanning domains and that both the N and C termini of the protein reside in the cytoplasm. Fusion proteins with GFP at the N or C terminus of VirB3 were fluorescent and, like VirB3, localized to a cell pole. Biochemical fractionation studies demonstrated that VirB3 proteins encoded by three Ti plasmids, the octopine Ti plasmid pTiA6NC, the supervirulent plasmid pTiBo542, and the nopaline Ti plasmid pTiC58, are inner membrane proteins and that VirB4 has no effect on membrane localization of pTiA6NC-encoded VirB3 (pTiA6NC VirB3). The pTiA6NC and pTiBo542 VirB2 pilins, like VirB3, localized to the inner membrane. The pTiC58 VirB4 protein was earlier found to be essential for stabilization of VirB3. Stabilization of pTiA6NC VirB3 requires not only VirB4 but also two additional VirB proteins, VirB7 and VirB8. A binary interaction between VirB3 and VirB4/VirB7/VirB8 is not sufficient for VirB3 stabilization. We hypothesize that bacteria use selective proteolysis as a mechanism to prevent assembly of unproductive precursor complexes under conditions that do not favor assembly of large macromolecular structures.
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Cheng, Zhihui, Xueqi Wang, and Yasuko Rikihisa. "Regulation of Type IV Secretion Apparatus Genes during Ehrlichia chaffeensis Intracellular Development by a Previously Unidentified Protein." Journal of Bacteriology 190, no. 6 (2008): 2096–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01813-07.

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ABSTRACT The type IV secretion (T4S) system is critical for the virulence of several pathogens. In the rickettsial pathogen Ehrlichia chaffeensis, the virBD genes are split into two operons, the virB3-virB6 (preceded by sodB) and virB8-virD4 operons. Between these two operons, there are duplications of virB4, virB8, and virB9. In this study we found that transcription of all five loci was downregulated prior to the release of E. chaffeensis from host THP-1 cells and was upregulated at the initiation of exponential growth. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed an E. chaffeensis-encoded protein that specifically bound to the promoter regions upstream of the virBD loci. The protein was purified from the bacterial lysate by affinity chromatography using a biotinylated promoter region upstream of sodB. Mass spectrometry identified the protein as an E. chaffeensis 12.3-kDa hypothetical protein, which was designated EcxR. Recombinant EcxR bound to the promoter regions upstream of five individual virBD loci. EcxR also activated transcription of all five virBD loci in lacZ reporter constructs. The expression of ecxR was positively autoregulated by EcxR. These results suggest that the five virBD loci are coordinately regulated by EcxR to allow developmental stage-specific expression of the T4S system in E. chaffeensis.
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Liu, Zhenying, and Andrew N. Binns. "Functional Subsets of the VirB Type IV Transport Complex Proteins Involved in the Capacity of Agrobacterium tumefaciens To Serve as a Recipient in virB-Mediated Conjugal Transfer of Plasmid RSF1010." Journal of Bacteriology 185, no. 11 (2003): 3259–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.185.11.3259-3269.2003.

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ABSTRACT The virB-encoded type IV transport complex of Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediates the transfer of DNA and proteins into plant cells, as well as the conjugal transfer of IncQ plasmids, such as RSF1010, between Agrobacterium strains. While several studies have indicated that there are physical interactions among the 11 VirB proteins, the functional significance of the interactions has been difficult to establish since all of the proteins are required for substrate transfer. Our previous studies, however, indicated that although all of the VirB proteins are required for the capacity of a strain to serve as an RSF1010 donor, only a subset of these proteins in the recipient is necessary to increase the conjugal frequency by 3 to 4 logs. The roles of particular groups of VirB proteins in this increased recipient activity were examined in the study reported here. Examination of the expression of subgroups of virB genes revealed that translation of virB6 is necessary for expression of downstream open reading frames. Expression of limited subsets of the VirB proteins in a recipient strain lacking the Ti plasmid revealed that the VirB7 to VirB10 proteins yield a subcomplex that is functional in the recipient assay but that the VirB1 to VirB4 proteins, as a group, dramatically increase this activity in strains expressing VirB7 to VirB10. Finally, the membrane distribution and cross-linking patterns of VirB10, but not of VirB8 or VirB9, in a strain expressing only VirB7 to VirB10 are significantly altered compared to the patterns of the wild type. These characteristics are, however, restored to the wild-type status by coexpression of VirB1 to VirB3. Taken together, these results define subsets of type IV transport complex proteins that are critical in allowing a strain to participate as a recipient in virB-mediated conjugal RSF1010 transfer.
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Morse, Kaitlyn, Junzo Norimine, Guy H. Palmer, Eric L. Sutten, Timothy V. Baszler, and Wendy C. Brown. "Association and Evidence for Linked Recognition of Type IV Secretion System Proteins VirB9-1, VirB9-2, and VirB10 in Anaplasma marginale." Infection and Immunity 80, no. 1 (2011): 215–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.05798-11.

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ABSTRACTLike several other bacterial pathogens,Anaplasma marginalehas an outer membrane that induces complete protection from infection and disease. However, the proteins that confer protective immunity and whether protection requires interacting proteins and/or linked T-cell and immunoglobulin G epitopes are not known. Our goal is to target the conserved type IV secretion system (T4SS) to identify conserved, immunogenic membrane proteins that are interacting and linked recognition candidates. Linked recognition is a process by which a B cell is optimally activated by a helper T cell that responds to the same, or physically associated, antigen.A. marginaleT4SS proteins VirB2, VirB4-1, VirB4-2, VirB6-1, VirB7, VirB8-2, VirB9-1, VirB9-2, VirB10, VirB11, and VirD4 were screened for their ability to induce IgG and to stimulate CD4+T cells from outer membrane-vaccinated cattle. VirB9-1, VirB9-2, and VirB10 induced the strongest IgG and T-cell responses in the majority of cattle, although three animals with major histocompatibility complex class II DRB3 restriction fragment length polymorphism types 8/23, 3/16, and 16/27 lacked T-cell responses to VirB9-1, VirB9-1 and VirB9-2, or VirB9-2 and VirB10, respectively. For these animals, VirB9-1-, VirB9-2-, and VirB10-specific IgG production may be associated with T-cell help provided by responses to an interacting protein partner(s). Interacting protein partners indicated by far-Western blotting were confirmed by immunoprecipitation assays and revealed, for the first time, specific interactions of VirB9-1 with VirB9-2 and VirB10. The immunogenicity and interactions of VirB9-1, VirB9-2, and VirB10 justify their testing as a linked protein vaccine againstA. marginale.
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Rancès, Edwige, Denis Voronin, Van Tran-Van, and Patrick Mavingui. "Genetic and Functional Characterization of the Type IV Secretion System in Wolbachia." Journal of Bacteriology 190, no. 14 (2008): 5020–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00377-08.

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ABSTRACT A type IV secretion system (T4SS) is used by many symbiotic and pathogenic intracellular bacteria for the successful infection of and survival, proliferation, and persistence within hosts. In this study, the presence and function of the T4SS in Wolbachia strains were investigated by a combination of genetic screening and immunofluorescence microscopy. Two operons of virB-virD4 loci were found in the genome of Wolbachia pipientis strain wAtab3, from the Hymenoptera Asobara tabida, and strain wRi, infecting Drosophila simulans. One operon consisted of five vir genes (virB8, virB9, virB10, virB11, and virD4) and the downstream wspB locus. The other operon was composed of three genes (virB3, virB4, and virB6) and included four additional open reading frames (orf1 to orf4) orientated in the same direction. In cell culture and insect hosts infected with different Wolbachia strains, the bona fide vir genes were polycistronically transcribed, together with the downstream adjacent loci, notably, as virB8 to virD4 and wspB and as virB3, virB4, virB6, and orf1 to orf4. Two peptides encompassing conserved C and N termini of the Wolbachia VirB6 protein were used for the production of polyclonal antibodies. Anti-VirB6 antibodies could detect the corresponding recombinant protein by chemifluorescence on Western blots of total proteins from Escherichia coli transformants and Wolbachia strains cultured in cell lines. Using immunofluorescence microscopy, we further demonstrated that the VirB6 protein was produced by Wolbachia strains in ovaries of insects harboring wAtab3 or wRi and cell lines infected with wAlbB or wMelPop. As VirB6 is known to associate with other VirB proteins to form a membrane-spanning structure, this finding suggests that a T4SS may function in Wolbachia.
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Jakubowski, Simon J., Eric Cascales, Vidhya Krishnamoorthy, and Peter J. Christie. "Agrobacterium tumefaciens VirB9, an Outer-Membrane-Associated Component of a Type IV Secretion System, Regulates Substrate Selection and T-Pilus Biogenesis." Journal of Bacteriology 187, no. 10 (2005): 3486–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.187.10.3486-3495.2005.

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ABSTRACT Agrobacterium tumefaciens translocates DNA and protein substrates between cells via a type IV secretion system (T4SS) whose channel subunits include the VirD4 coupling protein, VirB11 ATPase, VirB6, VirB8, VirB2, and VirB9. In this study, we used linker insertion mutagenesis to characterize the contribution of the outer-membrane-associated VirB9 to assembly and function of the VirB/D4 T4SS. Twenty-five dipeptide insertion mutations were classified as permissive for intercellular substrate transfer (Tra+), completely transfer defective (Tra−), or substrate discriminating, e.g., selectively permissive for transfer only of the oncogenic transfer DNA and the VirE2 protein substrates or of a mobilizable IncQ plasmid substrate. Mutations inhibiting transfer of DNA substrates did not affect formation of close contacts of the substrate with inner membrane channel subunits but blocked formation of contacts with the VirB2 and VirB9 channel subunits, which is indicative of a defect in assembly or function of the distal portion of the secretion channel. Several mutations in the N- and C-terminal regions disrupted VirB9 complex formation with the outer-membrane-associated lipoprotein VirB7 or the inner membrane energy sensor VirB10. Several VirB9.i2-producing Tra+ strains failed to elaborate T pilus at detectable levels (Pil−), and three such Tra+ Pil− mutant strains were rendered Tra− upon deletion of virB2, indicating that the cellular form of pilin protein is essential for substrate translocation. Our findings, together with computer-based analyses, support a model in which distinct domains of VirB9 contribute to substrate selection and translocation, establishment of channel subunit contacts, and T-pilus biogenesis.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Virsbo"

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Corrigan, Kirsty Helen. "Virgo to virago : Medea in the silver age." Thesis, University of Kent, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.527579.

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Litborn, Julia. "Att få en plats på kartan : En etnologisk studie av skogsbranden i Västmanland 2014." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kulturantropologi och etnologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-331749.

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The forest fire of Västmanland in 2014 had a significant cultural impact on local communities. Research is warranted to better understand the impact and process of recovery after natural disasters, as well as to discover how underlying political and cultural structures affect rescue and recovery. Thus far, any research in this area has been carried out by government-funded studies and evaluations of crisis management. This study complements that existing body of research by exploring this topic through local experiences and memories of the fire and emergency operations. The analysis builds on four theoretical perspectives: Foucault’s theory of power; phenomenology; memory theory, and theories of identity. Through these, the study examines how locals relate to the burnt landscape as well as explores how political tensions relating to Swedish countryside have gained new relevance as a result of the fire. These research results indicate that memories of the fire are characterized by chaotic rescue operations and crisis management, and that their failure generally is interpreted as a result of current political and cultural discourses defined by urban norms that for decades have disfavored infrastructure and social security in rural parts of Sweden. The research shows that favorable conditions for rural life in general are crucial for successful crisis management. From a societal perspective, the battle for resources between urban and rural areas, combined with inequality between city and countryside, is very problematic. Many crises occur in rural areas, which require security and infrastructure nationwide. The study therefore stresses the importance of active use of local knowledge in governing on local and regional as well as national levels. Diversity is not only a matter of ethnicity, gender and sexual orientation, but also includes perspectives from all generations living all over the country.
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Tautvydas, Simonas. "Fazinio virsmo įtaka srovės pernešimui sandūroje metalas - feroelektrikas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060613_104623-71431.

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Malcienė, Zita. "Meno dalykų studijos rengiant būsimus specialistus kolegijoje: edukacinių paradigmų virsmo kontekstas." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110127_172620-54863.

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Disertacijoje nagrinėjamą edukacinių paradigmų virsmą lemia dabartiniam laikotarpiui būdingi kultūros pokyčiai, globalizacija ir profesinio rengimo tikrovė nepriklausomybę atkūrusioje Lietuvoje. Aukštojoje mokykloje toks kontekstas pasireiškia studijų modernizavimu, kuris disertacijoje vertinamas kaip edukacinių paradigmų virsmo strategija ir nagrinėjamas profesinio rengimo teorijos bei jos įgyvendinimo praktikos plotme. Tai atskleidžiama nagrinėjant profesinio rengimo teorijos ir praktikos ypatybes bei ryšius. Rengiant būsimus specialistus kolegijoje akcentuojamas praktinis studijų kryptingumas. Disertacijoje jis vertintas kaip studijų modernizavimo strategija. Išnagrinėtos laikotarpiui būdingos profesinio rengimo, meno dalykų mokymo ir meninio ugdymo ypatybės atsižvelgiant į edukacinių paradigmų virsmą parodė, kad modernizuojant meno dalykų studijas tikslinga atsisakyti į siaurus dalyko pažinimo tikslus orientuoto tradicinio mokymo ir jį keisti į profesiniu požiūriu orientuotą meninį ugdymą. Todėl profesiniu požiūriu kryptingas meninis ugdymas pristatytas kaip meno dalykų studijų modernizavimo strategija. Pristatyti būsimo specialisto profesinio rengimo, tradicinio dalykų (muzikos) mokymo ir šiuolaikiško meninio (muzikinio) ugdymo teoriniai modeliai, apimantys dalyko studijų, aplinkos, vaidmenų spektro ir veiklos sritis. Ištirtos galimybės ugdymo dalyviams koreguoti meno dalykų studijas ir profesiniu požiūriu aktualų veiklos kontekstą taikant šiuos modelius, o studijų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]<br>The shift of educational paradigm, analyzed in the dissertation, is determined by the cultural changes, globalization and the reality of vocational training in independent Lithuania, which are inherent for the present epoch. At an institution of higher education this context is manifested by the modernization of studies, which is qualified as a strategy of educational paradigm shift and analyzed in terms of the peculiarities of vocational training theory and practice. The latter two factors are revealed by exploring the peculiarities and relations of the theory and practice of vocational training. The practical purposefulness of studies is emphasized in college training of future specialists. In the dissertation it is qualified as a strategy of the modernization of studies. The peculiarities of vocational training, teaching of art subjects and art education are analyzed with regard to the shift of educational paradigms. It appears that in the modernization of studies it is relevant to withdraw from conventional teaching, which is oriented towards narrow subject aims, and switch to profession-oriented art education. Therefore, profession-oriented art education is presented as a strategy of modernizing art subject studies. Theoretical models of a future specialist’s vocational training, traditional teaching of a subject (music) and contemporary art (music) education are presented, which cover the areas of subject studies, environment, scope of roles and activities. The... [to full text]
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Serafini, Breno Camargo. "Millôres dias virão?" reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/56029.

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Esta tese explora o universo das crônicas de Millôr Fernandes publicadas na revista Istoé e Istoé/Senhor, de 1983 a 1993, analisando a sua relação com o contexto da realidade sociopolítica brasileira e tendo como pano de fundo o processo de redemocratização no País. A partir disso, é feita uma leitura desse momento político através de um enfoque eminentemente sociológico dos textos, em que, a partir da visão do autor, é mostrado o cerne da nossa formação cultural e, consequentemente, um perfil do homem brasileiro. É na análise das diversas páginas, tanto isoladamente como em conjunto, que podemos mostrar como o autor constrói esse processo, inclusive num patamar mais ampliado, inseridas num contexto mundial — do humano brasileiro ao humano universal. Para isso, investiga-se, sob o prisma temático, os artifícios ficcionais dos quais se vale o autor no sentido de oferecer uma visão multifacetada da realidade do País, sob a ótica do humor e da ironia, sem esquecer o fenômeno da globalização da cultura mundial. Através de recursos como a paródia e a ilustração, Millôr oferece um repertório de textos em que se pode vislumbrar um painel onde aparecem nítidas relações entre humor e ideologia. Nesse sentido, a análise proposta dá-se a partir da perspectiva jamesoniana, em vista o contexto social histórico e econômico, passando pelo dialogismo de Mikhail Bakhtin (1981) ― paródia, ironia e carnavalização. A hipótese principal é a possibilidade de leitura da realidade do período histórico através da ficção. Isso se dá a partir de uma reflexão que tem como base um mosaico temático, escorado no humor, que envolve as discussões sobre a época dos fatos, sobre as relações entre humor, arte e papel do intelectual; sobre poder; e sobre a realidade brasileira e universal.<br>This thesis explores the universe of Millôr Fernandes chronicles that were published in Istoé magazine from 1983 to 1993 and analyzes their relationship with the Brazilian sociopolitical reality in the background of the redemocratization process in the country. From this, there is an interpretation of the political moment by an eminently sociological focus of the texts, in which, from the author's point of view, the very core of our cultural heritage is shown and consequently, a profile of the Brazilians. It’s by analyzing the pages, one by one or several together as a collection, that we may demonstrate how the author builds up this process, even in a wider level that is part of a world context — from Brazilian human to universal human. For that, it investigates the fiction stratagems that the author uses to offer a multifaceted view of the reality in the country under the focus of humor and irony without overlooking the phenomenon of the globalization of the world culture. Throughout resources as parody and illustration Millôr offers a repertoire of texts where the reader can have a glimpse of a panel that shows a vivid relationship between humor and ideology. The proposed analysis is made according to Jameson perspective that discuss the text in its social, historical, and economical context and through the dialogism of Mikhail Bakhtin 1981) — parody, irony and Carnival allegory. The main hypothesis is the possibility of understanding the historical period through fiction. The reflection starts at a theme mosaic that is supported by humor; it involves the discussion of the time of the facts, the relationship between humor and art and the role of the intellectual; it is a consideration about power and about the Brazilian reality and the universal reality.
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Bates, John Marshall 1961. "Winter ecology of the gray vireo Vireo vicinior in Sonora, Mexico." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276587.

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A marked population of wintering Gray Vireos (Vireo vicinior) was studied for two seasons (1985-1986 and 1986-1987) on two study sites near Puerto Lobos, Sonora, Mexico. Eleven of the 15 individuals banded in the first winter returned to the same areas in the following winter. Territories were defended throughout the winter and averaged 0.9 ha in size (N = 9). Territorial interactions occurred frequently along boundaries as neighbors trespassed to forage on each others' territories. All birds appeared to defend individual territories. First year birds appeared to occupy marginal territories on the periphery of the best habitats. Fruit from the elephant tree, Bursera microphylla, became a dominant part of the vireo's diet as winter progressed and the fruit ripened. The importance of B. microphylla to the vireos' winter diet and the high degree of overlap between the winter range of the vireos and the distribution of the plant suggested a mutualistic interaction between them. Gray Vireos acted as the primary dispersers for the plant.
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Hauser, Samantha. "Elucidating the Movement Ecology of the Black-Capped Vireo (Vireo atricapilla)." Thesis, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10844361.

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<p> Habitat loss and fragmentation (hereafter fragmentation) are some of the largest conservation threats today and will increasingly put pressure on species in the future. Maintaining population connectivity helps mitigate the negative effects fragmentation has on vulnerable species, especially those of conservation concern. In this dissertation, I elucidated the movement ecology of black-capped vireos by 1) estimating and characterizing patterns of gene flow, 2) examining the relationships between land cover and connectivity, and 3) simulating how future populations respond to climatic landscape change. I additionally characterized potential biases in family-wise error rate correction across population genetic studies, a correction important for evaluating the genetic structure of a species. I genotyped 343 individuals at 12 microsatellite loci in and around Fort Hood, Texas, which houses the largest and most stable breeding population. To characterize patterns of gene flow among black-capped vireo populations, I analyzed genetic differentiation, migration rates, number of migrants and parentage. Across these independent analyses, I found evidence for asymmetrical movements from Fort Hood to the other central Texas sites consistent with source-sink dynamics and findings from demographic studies. I used gravity models to test the relationships among Euclidean distance, land cover types (water, developed, forest, scrub, open, agriculture and wetlands), brown-headed cowbird control, and genetic similarity. My findings indicate that wetlands, likely via riparian areas, may be acting as corridors among populations. Better understanding of what factors influence connectivity will be crucial for maintaining connectivity when species of conservation concern are threatened by fragmentation.</p><p>
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Maconkaitė, Monika. "Žmogaus imunodeficito viruso atsparumas antiretrovirusiniams vaistams." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20140625_173415-58324.

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Nuo 9-ojo dešimtmečio pabaigos kai buvo pradėti naudoti antiretrovirusiniai vaistai ŽIV pacientų gydymo srityje įvyko didžiulė pažanga. Šiuo metu naudojami vaistai suskirstyti į penkias klases pagal veikimo mechanizmą: • nukleozidiniai arba nukleotidiniai atvirkštinės transkriptazės inhibitoriai (NATI); • nenukleozidiniai atvirkštinės transkriptazės inhibitoriai (NNATI); • proteazių inhibitoriai (PI); • susijungimo (fuzijos) inhibitoriai (FI); • integrazių inhibitoriai (II) . Netgi gydant šiuolaikiniu būdu, kai taikoma kombinuota antiretrovirusinė terapija (ART), viruso organizme visiškai sunaikinti neįmanoma. Tačiau dėl ŽIV infekcijai būdingo ypač dinamiško kintamumo, vystosi atsparumas vaistams. Tai vyksta greičiau negu kitų gydomų infekcijų atvejais. Veikiant evoliucijos principams, dalinio slopinimo sąlygomis vyksta atsparių virusų selekcija, todėl vaistui atsparios padermės greitai tampa dominuojančios. Proceso pasekmės paliečia ir gydomą asmenį, ir visuomenę. Žala asmeniui pasireiškia tuo, kad, tęsiant pradėtą gydymą, viruso krūvis didėja, ir liga progresuoja. Žalą visuomenei apibūdina tai, kad dauginio atsparumo viruso padermės perduodamos kitiems, todėl dar negydytiems pacientams gydymo sėkmės tikimybė sumažėja. Norint išvengti atsparumo viremijos slopinimas turi būti maksimaliai stiprus ir ilgalaikis. Tai galima pasiekti tik skiriant ART derinį, kuris yra efektyvus ir nesudėtingas vartoti. Dėl šių priežasčių sėkmingas ŽIV pirminio atsparumo antiretrovirusiniams... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]<br>From the end of the 9th decade when the use of antiretroviral drugs was initiated in the treatment of HIV patients it lead to the enormous progress. Currently used drugs are divided into five classes according to the mechanism of action: • nucleoside/ nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs); • non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNATI); • protease inhibitors (PI); • fusion inhibitors (FI); • integrase inhibitors (II). Even in the treatment of modern method of application of combined antiretroviral therapy (ART), a virus can not be completely destroyed. However, for HIV infection in particular, the dynamic inherent variability develops resistance to drugs. This is happening more quickly than in other treated infection cases. The operation principles of evolution, in partial inhibition, drug-resistant virus strains are selected and rapidly become dominant. Damage to a person is that following the initiated treatment the viral load increases and the disease progresses. Damage to the public is that the multiple resistance virus strains are transmitted to others, so untreated patients decreases the likelihood of treatment success. To avoid resistance, viremia suppression should be the most potent and long-term. This can be achieved only through the combination of ART, which is efficient and easy to use. For these reasons, the initial success of HIV resistance to antiretroviral drugs in a new infected patients have a significant impact on the future success... [to full text]
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Faisca, Patricia Ferreira Neves. "Protein folding physics : In virtuo experiments." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250116.

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Baril, Colette Thérèse. "Vocal and genetic variation in the sedentary songbird, Hutton's vireo (Vireo huttoni)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq40882.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Virsbo"

1

Minns, Karen Marie Christa. Virago. Naiad Press, 1990.

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K, Bylinin V., and Zvonareva L. U, eds. Virshi. "Mastatskai︠a︡ litaratura", 1990.

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Malkovych, Ivan. Virshi. "Ukr. pysʹmennyk", 1992.

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Himmelʹreĭkh, K. P. Virshi. [s.n.], 1993.

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Azad, Abul Kalam. Insaaniat jo Azali Virso. Sindhica Academy, 1997.

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Svitlych, Oleksiĭ. Kryla: Virshi. "Astroprynt", 2001.

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Vybrani virshi. "Akta", 2000.

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Kysla, Nadii︠a︡. Moi︠e︡--: Virshi. [s.n.], 2004.

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Moll, Viktor. [Virshi-II. T. Mall, 1990.

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Bilot͡serkivet͡sʹ, Natalka. Alerhii͡a: Virshi. Krytyka, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Virsbo"

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Gilmour, Jess K. "Virgo." In The Practical Astronomer’s Deep-sky Companion. Springer London, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0071-3_44.

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Noma, Tsukasa, Kojun Terai, and Tosiyasu L. Kunii. "VIRGO." In Advanced Computer Graphics. Springer Japan, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68036-9_26.

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Rosa virgo." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources. Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_2541.

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Casanueva Diaz, Julia. "Advanced Virgo." In Control of the Gravitational Wave Interferometric Detector Advanced Virgo. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96014-2_4.

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Del Gaudio, Daniela. "Virgo Ecclesia Facta." In Pathways for Ecclesial Dialogue in the Twenty-First Century. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-57112-0_12.

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Vinet, Jean-Yves, F. Bondu, A. Brillet, et al. "The Virgo Project." In Astrophysics and Space Science Library. Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5812-1_6.

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Casanueva Diaz, Julia. "Advanced Virgo Commissioning." In Control of the Gravitational Wave Interferometric Detector Advanced Virgo. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96014-2_7.

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Tistarelli, M., E. Grossog, I. Bigun, C. Sacerdoti, J. Santos-Victor, and D. Vernon. "The VIRSBS project: Visual intelligent recognition for secure banking services." In Image Analysis and Processing. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63508-4_189.

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Nguyen, Phuong Anh, Jiaxin Wu, Chong-Wah Ngo, Danny Francis, and Benoit Huet. "VIREO @ Video Browser Showdown 2020." In MultiMedia Modeling. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37734-2_68.

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Rowan-Robinson, Michael. "Distances to Virgo and Beyond." In Observational Tests of Cosmological Inflation. Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3510-8_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Virsbo"

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Tan, Jianfeng, Cunming Liang, Huawei Xie, et al. "VIRTIO-USER." In SIGCOMM '17: ACM SIGCOMM 2017 Conference. ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3098583.3098586.

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Mazzoleni, P., E. Bertino, S. Valtolina, E. Ferrari, and C. Boeri. "ViRdB." In the SIGGRAPH 2003 conference. ACM Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/965400.965438.

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Sherwood, Timothy, Farilee Mintz, and Miroslava Vomela. "Project VIRGO." In CHI '05 extended abstracts. ACM Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1056808.1057108.

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Gaurav Kukreja and Supriti Singh. "Virtio based Transcendent Memory." In 2010 3rd IEEE International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology (ICCSIT 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccsit.2010.5565014.

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Arriaga, Julio G., Richard Hedley, Edgar Vallejo, and Charles Taylor. "Learning Cassins Vireo (Vireo cassinii) syntax through grammatical inference." In Proceedings of the Artificial Life Conference 2016. MIT Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/978-0-262-33936-0-ch086.

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Lukjanova, E. A., D. V. Antsiferov, N. B. Maslova, et al. "Adaptation of blue honeysuckle microclones to ex vitro conditions." In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.155.

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Acernese, Fausto, Paolo Amico, N. Arnaud, et al. "Status of VIRGO." In SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, edited by James Hough and Gary H. Sanders. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.578278.

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GIAZOTTO, ADALBERTO. "THE VIRGO PROJECT." In Proceedings of the International Summer School. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812792846_0010.

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Viceré, Andrea. "The VIRGO experiment." In Cosmology and particle physics. AIP, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1363515.

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Giazotto, A. "Highlights from Virgo." In Proceedings of the International School of Subnuclear Physics. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812708427_0003.

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Reports on the topic "Virsbo"

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Baltz, E. Microlensing Candidates in M87 and the Virgo Cluster with the Hubble Space Telescope. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/826644.

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Jung, Jacob, Stephanie Hertz, and Richard Fischer. Summary of Collaborative Wildlife Protection and Recovery Initiative (CWPRI) conservation workshop : Least Bell’s Vireo. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42102.

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This special report summarizes the regional workshop held 24–26 April 2018 at the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Ecological Services Office in Carlsbad, California on the importance of collaboration among federal, state, and nongovernmental agencies to facilitate the recovery of threatened and endangered species (TES). This workshop focused primarily on one species, the least Bell’s vireo (LBVI), and how to achieve full recovery and eventual delisting through agency partnerships. A major theme of the workshop was applying the Endangered Species Act (ESA) Section 7(a)(1) conservation planning process as a building block towards recovery of LBVI—as well as other threatened, endangered, and at-risk riparian species within the Southwest. The main objective of this workshop was to assemble an interagency and interdisciplinary group of wildlife biologists and managers to detail how the Section 7(a)(1) conservation planning approach, in consultation with the USFWS, can assist in the recovery of LBVI primarily on federal lands but also other public and private lands. Goals of this workshop were to (1) review Section 7(a)(1); (2) outline LBVI ecosystem processes, life history, threats, and conservation solutions; and (3) develop and organize agency commitments to collaborative conservation practices.
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Emsley, Howard T. I3G VIRGO Interactive Graphics for Geometry Generation and Visual Interactive Rapid Grid Generation. User's Manual. Defense Technical Information Center, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada226117.

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Weinberg, Howard J. Results of the 1997 Golden-cheeked Warbler and Black-capped Vireo Monitoring Program on Camp Bullis, Texas. Defense Technical Information Center, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada341854.

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Emsley, Howard T. I3G VIRGO The Interactive Graphics for Geometry Generation Program and the Visual Interactive Rapid Grid Generation Program (User's Manual). Defense Technical Information Center, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada238837.

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Nearshore sedimentation and recent tectonics, Virago Sound, northern Graham Island. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/130058.

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Nearshore sedimentation and recent tectonics, Virago Sound, northern Graham Island. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/299673.

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