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1

Kumagai, Jean. "Virtual power plants, real power." IEEE Spectrum 49, no. 3 (2012): 13–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mspec.2012.6156852.

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2

Rzayeva, S. "Virtual Power Plants." Bulletin of Science and Practice 11, no. 7 (2025): 103–9. https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/116/12.

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Provides information on virtual power plants. The plants are a decentralized network of energy sources combined to provide reliable power supply to energy consumers. Three main forms of these sources are considered. These systems play an important role, especially in the integration of renewable energy sources (solar, wind, etc.) and in ensuring the stability of the power system. The main goal of a virtual power plant (wind farm) is to combine various energy sources into a single interconnected system. Such sources may include solar and wind power plants, batteries and other distributed energy
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3

Newman, Guy, and Joseph Mutale. "Characterising Virtual Power Plants." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 46, no. 4 (2009): 307–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/ijeee.46.4.1.

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4

Mackenzie, Kenneth D. "Virtual Positions and Power." Management Science 32, no. 5 (1986): 622–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.32.5.622.

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5

Janneck, Monique, and Henning Staar. "Playing Virtual Power Games." International Journal of Social and Organizational Dynamics in IT 1, no. 2 (2011): 46–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsodit.2011040103.

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Although virtual organizations and networks have been studied, there is still need for research regarding their inner dynamics and the mechanisms of leadership and governance. This paper investigates micro-political processes i.e. informal actions of individual actors to gain power and exert influence, which is a well-researched concept in traditional organizations with respect to inter-organizational networks. This study investigates structures and strategies of power within virtual networks. Results show that micro-political tactics known from research in traditional organizations are used i
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6

Fosdick, Roger. "Observations concerning virtual power." Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids 16, no. 6 (2011): 573–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1081286510387708.

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7

Pringle, Stewart. "The power of virtual." New Scientist 234, no. 3119 (2017): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(17)30639-5.

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8

Ausubel, Lawrence M., and Peter Cramton. "Virtual power plant auctions." Utilities Policy 18, no. 4 (2010): 201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2010.05.002.

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9

Chang, Ya Chin, Sung Ling Chen, Rung Fang Chang, and Chan Nan Lu. "Optimal Virtual Power Plant Dispatching Approach." Applied Mechanics and Materials 590 (June 2014): 511–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.590.511.

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As the integrator of energy resources (DERs), a virtual power plant (VPP) would be able to control the amount of the power access to the distribution transformers such that energy efficiency can be improved. Battery energy storage system (BESS) and demand response (DR) as DERs can entrust the VPP with certain controllability to regulate the power supply of the distribution system. This paper aims to maximize the benefit of the supplied powers over the 24 hours under VPP operation. Combining an iterative dynamic programming optimal BESS schedule approach and a PSO-based DR scheme optimization a
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10

Yang, Zhiping. "Power integrity and power consumption standards virtual Sandpit." IEEE Electromagnetic Compatibility Magazine 9, no. 2 (2020): 80–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/memc.2020.9133251.

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11

Chen, Xiaofeng, Guanlu Yang, Yajing Lv, and Zehong Huang. "Power Management System Based on Virtual Power Plant." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 356 (October 28, 2019): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/356/1/012006.

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12

Tan, Zhongfu, Qingkun Tan, and Yuwei Wang. "Bidding Strategy of Virtual Power Plant with Energy Storage Power Station and Photovoltaic and Wind Power." Journal of Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6139086.

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For the virtual power plants containing energy storage power stations and photovoltaic and wind power, the output of PV and wind power is uncertain and virtual power plants must consider this uncertainty when they participate in the auction in the electricity market. In this context, this paper studies the bidding strategy of the virtual power plant with photovoltaic and wind power. Assuming that the upper and lower limits of the combined output of photovoltaic and wind power are stochastically variable, the fluctuation range of the day-ahead energy market and capacity price is stochastically
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13

Liao, Hung-Chang. "The Virtual Power in Blogs." Glimpse 9 (2007): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/glimpse2007-89-1010.

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14

Falanga, Rebecca. "Embrace the power of virtual." American Nurse Journal 17, no. 10 (2022): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.51256/anj102229.

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15

Klein, Alice. "Virtual power to the people." New Scientist 237, no. 3168 (2018): 22–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(18)30435-4.

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16

Jorjafki, Elham Mohammadi, Brad J. Sagarin, and Sachit Butail. "Drawing power of virtual crowds." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 15, no. 145 (2018): 20180335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2018.0335.

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In 1969, social psychologist Milgram and his colleagues conducted an experiment on a busy city street where passers-by witnessed a set of actors spontaneously looking up towards a building. The experiment showed that the crowd's propensity to mimic the actor's gaze increased with the number of actors that looked up. This form of behavioural contagion is found in many social organisms and is central to how information travels through large groups. With the advancement of virtual reality and its continued application towards understanding human response to crowd behaviour, it remains to be verif
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17

Chun Li, Wilsun Xu, B. Hughes, J. Gurney, and B. Neilson. "Virtual PQ troubleshooter [power quality]." IEEE Power and Energy Magazine 1, no. 3 (2003): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mpae.2003.1197912.

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18

Ebinyu, Emmanuel, Omar Abdel-Rahim, Sobhy M. Abdelkader, Masahito Shoyama, and Diaa-Eldin A. Mansour. "Transient stability enhancement of virtual synchronous generators with virtual resistance." Journal of Electrical Engineering 75, no. 6 (2024): 435–48. https://doi.org/10.2478/jee-2024-0052.

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Abstract Virtual synchronous generators (VSGs) incorporate virtual resistance (VR) in inverter control as a damping mechanism for oscillations that appear around the synchronous frequency due to interactions between the inverter impedance and the line impedance while operating in low inertia grids. Damping is critical for synchronization stability in the small-signal and large-signal disturbance scenarios to suppress oscillations that threaten system stability. While VR enhances stability in the steady state, it is shown that its conventional application affects the transient stability of VSGs
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19

Deng, Wei, Jianwei Zhong, Ming Huang, Jixue Zhang, and Zhekai Zhang. "Adaptive Control Strategy with Threshold of Virtual Inertia and Virtual Damping for Virtual Synchronous Generator." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2203, no. 1 (2022): 012039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2203/1/012039.

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Abstract Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) control strategy can provide inertia and damping support for the power system by simulating the operating characteristics of synchronous generator, and improve the frequency response of the power system. First, analyse the influence of various parameters on the output characteristics of the system by establishing a mathematical model of VSG. Secondly, to fully utilize the flexible and controllable characteristics of VSG control strategy, the basic principle of VSG parameter adaptation is obtained through the analysis of the angular frequency oscilla
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20

Lee, Hyoung-Wook, Hyun-Joong Lee, Jong-Kwan Woo, Woo-Yeol Shin, and Su-Hwan Kim. "Power-Gating Structure with Virtual Power-Rail Monitoring Mechanism." JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science 8, no. 2 (2008): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5573/jsts.2008.8.2.134.

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21

Yong, Pei, Zhifang Yang, Haiyang Jiang, Ning Zhang, and Chongqing Kang. "Scheduling IDC-based virtual power plants considering backup power." Electric Power Systems Research 234 (September 2024): 110673. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2024.110673.

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22

Xiaobao, Yu, and Zhao Wenjing. "Participation of Digital Twin Virtual Power Plants in Power Market Trading Model." International Journal of Management Studies and Social Science Research 05, no. 02 (2023): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.56293/ijmsssr.2022.4583.

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With the proposal of the national "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality" and "building a new power system with new energy as the main body" and other goals, cleaning and digitization have become an urgent need for power systems. Based on advanced control, metering, communication and other technologies, the virtual power plant aggregates massive multi-distributed resources on the demand side, which can provide the necessary flexibility support for the power system through diversified means of saving, and at the same time help renewable energy consumption. The digital twin technology uses big da
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23

Tong, Yongjie, Zhen Meng, Peng Qiu, et al. "The carbon trading operation optimization for virtual power plants of industrial parks considering wind power." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2474, no. 1 (2023): 012032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2474/1/012032.

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Abstract Virtual power plants can participate in power market transactions by combining wind and solar power generation and energy storage technologies, They participate in energy market transactions for aggregating distributed energy and user-side resources, Meanwhile, the carbon trading market is an effective tool to control the greenhouse effect, As a market subject with unlimited potential, VPP of industrial park plays its environmental benefits by participating in the carbon trading market, It is able to promote the growth of VPP benefits and reduce carbon emissions, Firstly, this paper i
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24

He, Jie, Xi Luo, and Wen Zhao. "Research on declaration strategy of virtual power plant spot market considering transaction price risk." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1011, no. 1 (2022): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1011/1/012015.

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Abstract In order to control the risk of power spot market price fluctuation on the operation benefit of virtual power plant, the transaction risk of virtual power plant operator is studied, and the virtual power plant declaration strategy considering spot transaction risk is proposed. The fluctuation of spot market price may cause the profit change or even loss of virtual power plant. According to the expectation of market price fluctuation, the expected risk constraint of virtual power plant based on conditional value at risk is established to ensure that the transaction risk of virtual powe
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25

Zhang, Guanfeng, Junyou Yang, Haixin Wang, and Jia Cui. "Presynchronous Grid-Connection Strategy of Virtual Synchronous Generator Based on Virtual Impedance." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (November 9, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3690564.

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The virtual synchronous generator (VSG) technology of inverter is widely used to provide the inertia and damping support for power system. However, an additional measurement device PLL (phase-locked loop) is required in the virtual synchronous generator grid connection to track the voltage phase, amplitude, and frequency, which restricts the flexible output of the distributed power generation system. To tackle this challenge, a method for grid-connected control of virtual synchronous generator based on virtual impedance is proposed. It is assumed that there is a virtual power exchange between
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26

LUBOSNY, Zbigniew. "Virtual Inertia in Electric Power Systems." AUTOMATYKA, ELEKTRYKA, ZAKLOCENIA 11, no. 1(39)2020 (2020): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17274/aez.2020.39.01.

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27

Jangra, Sarita. "An overview on virtual power plant." Asian Journal of Multidimensional Research 10, no. 10 (2021): 825–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2278-4853.2021.00951.4.

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28

Qi, Ning, Bin Qiang Wang, Bo Yuan, and Bo Zhang. "Constructing Power-Aware Multicast Virtual Networks." Advanced Materials Research 308-310 (August 2011): 1728–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.308-310.1728.

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Power consumption of Internet is becoming more and more a sensible problem, which is of interest for both the research community and the general public. In this paper we have formally defined the power-aware multicast VN construction problem and setup an ILP model whose objective is to find a virtual topology on top of substrate network fulfilling all restrictions, while the power consumption of construction is minimized. In order to address the problem efficiently we develop a greedy algorithm: PMVNMH. The efficiency of the power-aware construction algorithm is evaluated by emulation experime
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29

Zrudsky, D. R., and J. M. Pichler. "Virtual instrument for instantaneous power measurements." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 41, no. 4 (1992): 528–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/19.155920.

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30

Adrian, Angela. "The 'soft power' of virtual reality." International Journal of Liability and Scientific Enquiry 1, no. 1/2 (2007): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijlse.2007.014577.

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31

Hellestrand, G. "Save power with virtual system prototyping." Electronics Systems and Software 3, no. 6 (2005): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ess:20050603.

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32

Ramesh, V. C. "Browse the power engineering virtual library." IEEE Computer Applications in Power 8, no. 4 (1995): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/67.468316.

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33

Iovan, Monica, Flavius Dan Surianu, and Florin Molnar-Matei. "Virtual Laboratory for Power Quality Study." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 191 (June 2015): 2798–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.438.

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34

Dutkiewicz, Stephanie. "Power in Modeling Virtual Marine Microbes." Microbe Magazine 7, no. 7 (2012): 314–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/microbe.7.314.1.

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35

Schulzke, M. "The Critical Power of Virtual Dystopias." Games and Culture 9, no. 5 (2014): 315–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1555412014541694.

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36

Dall'Anese, Emiliano, Swaroop S. Guggilam, Andrea Simonetto, Yu Christine Chen, and Sairaj V. Dhople. "Optimal Regulation of Virtual Power Plants." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 33, no. 2 (2018): 1868–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2017.2741920.

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37

Podio-Guidugli, Paolo. "A virtual power format for thermomechanics." Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics 20, no. 8 (2009): 479–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00161-009-0093-5.

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38

Hou, Hao, Peng Xu, Siqi Li, et al. "Optimal design of virtual impedance for virtual synchronous generators considering frequency coupling." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 3033, no. 1 (2025): 012028. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/3033/1/012028.

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Abstract In the context of multiple virtual synchronous generators (VSGs) operating in parallel, severe power oscillations are a significant concern. This work introduces a self-tuning virtual impedance scheme specifically designed for multi-VSG grid systems. The core operational principle resides in dynamic active power regulation via impedance adaptation, where real-time impedance parameter adjustment enables precise control of power flow characteristics in VSG-dominated networks. The proposed method involves augmenting virtual complex resistance to enhance the line impedance ratio, a strate
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39

Xue, Qingshui, Zhen Xue, Haifeng Ma, Yue Sun, and Xuelei Shi. "Design of Virtual Power Plant System Model under Master-Slave Multi-chain." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2166, no. 1 (2022): 012043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2166/1/012043.

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Abstract The emergence and development of new technology provides a new way of thinking for solving the problems in the traditional energy industry. Introducing block chain technology into virtual power plant can solve the problems existing in virtual power plant such as. to improve the safety, reliability and operation efficiency of virtual power plant. At present, the research on the application of block chain technology in virtual power plants is mostly based on single-chain structure, which makes the system not extensible. Based on this problem, a virtual power plant model with main and mu
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40

Chen, Chao, and Jorge Angeles. "Virtual-Power Flow and Mechanical Gear-Mesh Power Losses of Epicyclic Gear Trains." Journal of Mechanical Design 129, no. 1 (2006): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2359473.

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The concept of virtual power is first defined as the power measured, in a noninertial frame, in an epicyclic gear train. We then introduce the concept of virtual-power ratio, an invariant related to the power loss in an epicyclic system. It is shown that virtual-power flow and balance exist in an epicyclic gear train, based on which a novel algorithm to compute the gear-mesh powerloss and the train efficiency is formulated. This algorithm is general enough to be applied to any given epicyclic gear train. Our results are compared with previous work on the subject.
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41

Lou, Qihe, Yanbin Li, Xi Chen, Dengzheng Wang, Yuntao Ju, and Liu Han. "Virtual Power Plant Reactive Power Voltage Support Strategy Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning." Energies 17, no. 24 (2024): 6268. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17246268.

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After the large-scale access of distributed power sources to the distribution network, significant high/low voltage problems have emerged. Using a virtual power plant to provide reactive power voltage regulation as an ancillary service effectively addresses voltage issues. However, since a third party manages the virtual power plant and contains both discrete and continuous regulation devices internally, there is a need to consider privacy protection. To address this, a training method that requires minimal boundary information and reward–penalty information for interaction between discrete an
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42

Buckingham, David, and Carlos Rodríguez-Hoyos. "Learning about Power and Citizenship in an Online Virtual World." Comunicar 20, no. 40 (2013): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3916/c40-2013-02-05.

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This work presents a research study designed to analyse the development of power relations in a virtual world, known as Habbo Hotel, aimed at the child and teenage market. What motivated this work was the desire to under­stand how this company wielded its power through the different agents responsible for taking decisions on the behaviour of the users within this virtual world. Simultaneously, this research went deeply into the type of lessons learnt by users as to citizenship springing from the behaviour rules imposed by the company owning this space. In order to understand what young people
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43

Wu, Chang, Lue Fang, Tao Yang, Feng Zhang, and Yutao Qiu. "Virtual Power Plant Response Strategy Considering Dynamic Aggregation of Different Flexible Resources." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2774, no. 1 (2024): 012044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2774/1/012044.

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Abstract Aggregate and adjust distributed resources, the virtual power plant realizes the collaborative optimization of different forms of electric energy, which greatly improves the flexibility of the power system. Considering the flexibility of distributed resources, this paper designs the active power and frequency regulation modes of virtual power plants, and proposes a response strategy for dynamic resource aggregation of virtual power plants. Firstly, the distributed energy resources of virtual power plants are classified, and their dynamic characteristics are fully considered for dynami
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44

Penfield, Christopher. "Foucault’s Virtual Force Ontology." Journal of Speculative Philosophy 37, no. 3 (2023): 447–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jspecphil.37.3.0447.

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ABSTRACT Gilles Deleuze’s monograph on Michel Foucault has often been construed as a “metaphysical fiction,” to use Frédéric Gros’s sympathetic phrase. This article takes a different approach, arguing that Foucault’s microphysics of power and Deleuze’s metaphysics of the virtual in fact share a common ontology of forces. In addition to enriching understanding of the two thinkers’ philosophical relation, the article argues that this virtual force ontology clarifies the continuity between Foucault’s earlier and later formulations of power, from microphysics to governmentality. Reading Foucault i
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45

Caixia, Tan, Tan Zhongfu, Wu Jianbin, Qi Huiwen, Zhang Xiangyu, and Xu Zhenbo. "Benefit analysis and evaluation of virtual power plants considering electric vehicles." E3S Web of Conferences 248 (2021): 02024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124802024.

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Under the background of increasingly serious environmental pollution, virtual power plants have become an effective way to solve environmental pollution due to the characteristics of integrating a large number of clean distributed energy generation. At the same time, electric vehicles with dual attributes of power supply and load bring opportunities for the further development of virtual power plants. In this paper, the ideal matter-element comprehensive benefit evaluation model of virtual power plants is constructed by constructing the index system and weighting model of virtual power plants
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46

Yang, Jinpeng. "Transaction decision optimization of new electricity market based on virtual power plant participation and Stackelberg game." PLOS ONE 18, no. 4 (2023): e0284030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0284030.

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This study intends to optimize the trading decision-making strategy of the new electricity market with virtual power plants and improve the transmission efficiency of electricity resources. The current problems in China’s power market are analyzed from the perspective of virtual power plants, highlighting the necessity of reforming the power industry. The generation scheduling strategy is optimized in light of the market transaction decision based on the elemental power contract to enhance the effective transfer of power resources in virtual power plants. Ultimately, value distribution is bala
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47

Wu, Yungao, Jing Wu, and Gejirifu De. "Research on Trading Optimization Model of Virtual Power Plant in Medium- and Long-Term Market." Energies 15, no. 3 (2022): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15030759.

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In the medium- and long-term market, the power generation side and the power purchase side ensure to avoid the fluctuation of delivery prices through the medium- and long-term power contract, to avoid some market risks. This paper combines virtual power plants to aggregate distributed renewable energy to participate in market transactions. Firstly, this paper analyzes the two operation modes of power markets and combs the transaction varieties and modes in the medium- and long-term market. Secondly, the common contract power decomposition methods in the medium- and long-term market are analyze
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48

Li, Chunyu, Wenfei Zhao, Jialei Wang, Mengxian Lu, and Xiaoran Yang. "Research on dynamic aggregation of virtual power plant based on evolutionary game." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2903, no. 1 (2024): 012018. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2903/1/012018.

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Abstract With the rapid development of Chinese society, there is an increasing demand for electricity from users, which brings great challenges to the security of the power grid. As a new technical means, a virtual power [1] plant is an inevitable choice for the future development of power systems to participate in power grid regulation. The aggregation of virtual power plants participated by distributed energy sources is the key technology for virtual power plants to mobilize distributed energy sources to participate in power grid regulation. Based on this background, this paper proposes a mo
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49

Tan, Kuang-Hsiung, Faa-Jeng Lin, Tzu-Yu Tseng, Meng-Yang Li, and Yih-Der Lee. "Virtual Synchronous Generator Using an Intelligent Controller for Virtual Inertia Estimation." Electronics 11, no. 1 (2021): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11010086.

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Virtual synchronous generators (VSGs) with inertia characteristics are generally adopted for the control of distributed generators (DGs) in order to mimic a synchronous generator. However, since the amount of virtual inertia in VSG control is usually constant and given by trial and error, the real power and frequency oscillations of a battery energy storage system (BESS) occurring under load variation result in the degradation of the control performance of the DG. Thus, in this study, a novel virtual inertia estimation methodology is proposed to estimate suitable values of virtual inertia for
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50

Huang, Yujie. "Hybrid Game-based Distribution Network and Multi-virtual Power Plant Co-optimization." Journal of Energy Research and Reviews 14, no. 2 (2023): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jenrr/2023/v14i2280.

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This paper proposes a hybrid game-based distribution network-multi-virtual power plant cooperative operation strategy for the different decision-making positions of distribution networks and virtual power plants. Firstly, the distribution system operator (DSO) is introduced as the leader, and the DSO aiming at maximizing its own benefits, formulates a dynamic tariff strategy to guide the virtual power plant cooperative alliance to optimize its operation; the virtual power plant cooperative alliance, as the follower, responds to the DSO's tariff strategy and formulates an autonomous optimizatio
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