Relevant bibliographies by topics / Virus-based particles

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers
  5. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Virus-based particles'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Virus-based particles"

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Kang, Sang-Moo, Jae-Min Song, Fu-Shi Quan, and Richard W. Compans. "Influenza vaccines based on virus-like particles." Virus Research 143, no. 2 (August 2009): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2009.04.005.

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Wichgers Schreur, Paul J., Nadia Oreshkova, Frank Harders, Alex Bossers, Rob J. M. Moormann, and Jeroen Kortekaas. "Paramyxovirus-based production of Rift Valley fever virus replicon particles." Journal of General Virology 95, no. 12 (December 1, 2014): 2638–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.067660-0.

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Replicon-particle-based vaccines combine the efficacy of live-attenuated vaccines with the safety of inactivated or subunit vaccines. Recently, we developed Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) replicon particles, also known as nonspreading RVFV (NSR), and demonstrated that a single vaccination with these particles can confer sterile immunity in target animals. NSR particles can be produced by transfection of replicon cells, which stably maintain replicating RVFV S and L genome segments, with an expression plasmid encoding the RVFV glycoproteins, Gn and Gc, normally encoded by the M-genome segment. Here, we explored the possibility to produce NSR with the use of a helper virus. We show that replicon cells infected with a Newcastle disease virus expressing Gn and Gc (NDV-GnGc) were able to produce high levels of NSR particles. In addition, using reverse genetics and site-directed mutagenesis, we were able to create an NDV-GnGc variant that lacks the NDV fusion protein and contains two amino acid substitutions in, respectively, Gn and HN. The resulting virus uses a unique entry pathway that facilitates the efficient production of NSR in a one-component system. The novel system provides a promising alternative for transfection-based NSR production.
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Eskelin, Katri, Minna M. Poranen, and Hanna M. Oksanen. "Asymmetrical Flow Field-Flow Fractionation on Virus and Virus-Like Particle Applications." Microorganisms 7, no. 11 (November 12, 2019): 555. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7110555.

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Asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) separates sample components based on their sizes in the absence of a stationary phase. It is well suited for high molecular weight samples such as virus-sized particles. The AF4 experiment can potentially separate molecules within a broad size range (~103−109 Da; particle diameter from 2 nm to 0.5−1 μm). When coupled to light scattering detectors, it enables rapid assays on the size, size distribution, degradation, and aggregation of the studied particle populations. Thus, it can be used to study the quality of purified viruses and virus-like particles. In addition to being an advanced analytical characterization technique, AF4 can be used in a semi-preparative mode. Here, we summarize and provide examples on the steps that need optimization for obtaining good separation with the focus on virus-sized particles.
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Neumann, Gabriele, Tokiko Watanabe, and Yoshihiro Kawaoka. "Plasmid-Driven Formation of Influenza Virus-Like Particles." Journal of Virology 74, no. 1 (January 1, 2000): 547–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.74.1.547-551.2000.

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ABSTRACT We established a plasmid-based system for generating infectious influenza virus-like particles entirely from cloned cDNAs. Human embryonic kidney cells (293T) were transfected with plasmids encoding the influenza A virus structural proteins and with a plasmid encoding an influenza virus-like viral RNA (vRNA) which contained an antisense copy of the cDNA for green fluorescence protein (GFP) flanked by an RNA polymerase I promoter and terminator. Intracellular transcription of the latter construct by RNA polymerase I generated GFP vRNA that was packaged into influenza virus-like particles. This system, which produced more than 104 infectious particles per ml of supernatant, would be useful in studies of influenza virus replication and particle formation. It might also benefit efforts in vaccine production and in the development of improved gene therapy vectors.
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Hare, David N., Susan E. Collins, Subhendu Mukherjee, Yueh-Ming Loo, Michael Gale, Luke J. Janssen, and Karen L. Mossman. "Membrane Perturbation-Associated Ca2+Signaling and Incoming Genome Sensing Are Required for the Host Response to Low-Level Enveloped Virus Particle Entry." Journal of Virology 90, no. 6 (December 30, 2015): 3018–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02642-15.

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ABSTRACTThe type I interferon (IFN) response is an important aspect of innate antiviral defense, and the transcription factor IRF3 plays an important role in its induction. Membrane perturbation during fusion, a necessary step for enveloped virus particle entry, appears sufficient to induce transcription of a subset of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) in an IRF3-dependent, IFN-independent fashion. IRF3 is emerging as a central node in host cell stress responses, although it remains unclear how different forms of stress activate IRF3. Here, we investigated the minimum number of Sendai virus (SeV) and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) particles required to activate IRF3 and trigger an antiviral response. We found that Ca2+signaling associated with membrane perturbation and recognition of incoming viral genomes by cytosolic nucleic acid receptors are required to activate IRF3 in response to fewer than 13 particles of SeV and 84 particles of HCMV per cell. Moreover, it appears that Ca2+signaling is important for activation of STING and IRF3 following HCMV particle entry, suggesting that Ca2+signaling sensitizes cells to recognize genomes within incoming virus particles. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence that cytosolic nucleic acid sensors recognize genomes within incoming virus particles prior to virus replication. These studies highlight the exquisite sensitivity of the cellular response to low-level stimuli and suggest that virus particle entry is sensed as a stress signal.IMPORTANCEThe mechanism by which replicating viruses trigger IRF3 activation and type I IFN induction through the generation and accumulation of viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns has been well characterized. However, the mechanism by which enveloped virus particle entry mediates a stress response, leading to IRF3 activation and the IFN-independent response, remained elusive. Here, we find that Ca2+signaling associated with membrane perturbation appears to sensitize cells to recognize genomes within incoming virus particles. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show that cytosolic receptors recognize genomes within incoming virus particles prior to virus replication. These findings not only highlight the sensitivity of cellular responses to low-level virus particle stimulation, but provide important insights into how nonreplicating virus vectors or synthetic lipid-based carriers used as clinical delivery vehicles activate innate immune responses.
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Szakács, Zoltán, Tamás Mészáros, Marien I. de Jonge, and Róbert E. Gyurcsányi. "Selective counting and sizing of single virus particles using fluorescent aptamer-based nanoparticle tracking analysis." Nanoscale 10, no. 29 (2018): 13942–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nr01310a.

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Selective labelling of virus particles with fluorescent aptamers enables their identification, sizing and counting at the single particle level even in clinical samples by fluorescent nanoparticle tracking analysis.
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Sykora, Sabine, Alessandro Cumbo, Gaël Belliot, Pierre Pothier, Charlotte Arnal, Yves Dudal, Philippe F. X. Corvini, and Patrick Shahgaldian. "Virus-like particles as virus substitutes to design artificial virus-recognition nanomaterials." Chemical Communications 51, no. 12 (2015): 2256–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cc08843c.

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Zhou, Jie, Jianjian Wei, Ka-Tim Choy, Sin Fun Sia, Dewi K. Rowlands, Dan Yu, Chung-Yi Wu, et al. "Defining the sizes of airborne particles that mediate influenza transmission in ferrets." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 10 (February 20, 2018): E2386—E2392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1716771115.

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Epidemics and pandemics of influenza are characterized by rapid global spread mediated by non-mutually exclusive transmission modes. The relative significance between contact, droplet, and airborne transmission is yet to be defined, a knowledge gap for implementing evidence-based infection control measures. We devised a transmission chamber that separates virus-laden particles by size and determined the particle sizes mediating transmission of influenza among ferrets through the air. Ferret-to-ferret transmission was mediated by airborne particles larger than 1.5 µm, consistent with the quantity and size of virus-laden particles released by the donors. Onward transmission by donors was most efficient before fever onset and may continue for 5 days after inoculation. Multiple virus gene segments enhanced the transmissibility of a swine influenza virus among ferrets by increasing the release of virus-laden particles into the air. We provide direct experimental evidence of influenza transmission via droplets and fine droplet nuclei, albeit at different efficiency.
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Uematsu, Yasushi, Michael Vajdy, Ying Lian, Silvia Perri, Catherine E. Greer, Harold S. Legg, Grazia Galli, et al. "Lack of Interference with Immunogenicity of a Chimeric Alphavirus Replicon Particle-Based Influenza Vaccine by Preexisting Antivector Immunity." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 19, no. 7 (May 23, 2012): 991–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00031-12.

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ABSTRACTAntivector immunity has been recognized as a potential caveat of using virus-based vaccines. In the present study, an alphavirus-based replicon particle vaccine platform, which has demonstrated robust immunogenicity in animal models, was tested for effects of antivector immunity on immunogenicity against hemagglutinin of influenza virus as a target antigen and efficacy for protection against lethal challenge with the virus. Chimeric alphavirus-based replicon particles, comprising Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus nonstructural and Sindbis virus structural components, induced efficient protective antibody responses, which were not adversely influenced after multiple immunizations with the same vector expressing various antigens.
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Devignot, Stephanie, Eric Bergeron, Stuart Nichol, Ali Mirazimi, and Friedemann Weber. "A Virus-Like Particle System Identifies the Endonuclease Domain of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus." Journal of Virology 89, no. 11 (March 25, 2015): 5957–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.03691-14.

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ABSTRACTCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus(CCHFV; genusNairovirus) is an extremely pathogenic member of theBunyaviridaefamily. Since handling of the virus requires a biosafety level 4 (BSL-4) facility, little is known about pathomechanisms and host interactions. Here, we describe the establishment of a transcriptionally competent virus-like particle (tc-VLP) system for CCHFV. Recombinant polymerase (L), nucleocapsid protein (N) and a reporter minigenome expressed in human HuH-7 cells resulted in formation of transcriptionally active nucleocapsids that could be packaged by coexpressed CCHFV glycoproteins into tc-VLPs. The tc-VLPs resembled authentic virus particles in their protein composition and neutralization sensitivity to anti-CCHFV antibodies and could recapitulate all steps of the viral replication cycle. Particle attachment, entry, and primary transcription were modeled by infection of naive cells. The subsequent steps of genome replication, secondary transcription, and particle assembly and release can be obtained upon passaging the tc-VLPs on cells expressing CCHFV structural proteins. The utility of the VLP system was demonstrated by showing that the endonuclease domain of L is located around amino acid D693, as was predictedin silicoby B. Morin et al. (PLoS Pathog 6:e1001038, 2010,http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1001038). The tc-VLP system will greatly facilitate studies and diagnostics of CCHFV under non-BSL-4 conditions.IMPORTANCECrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is an extremely virulent pathogen of humans. Since the virus can be handled only at the highest biosafety level, research is restricted to a few specialized laboratories. We developed a plasmid-based system to produce virus-like particles with the ability to infect cells and transcribe a reporter genome. Due to the absence of viral genes, the virus-like particles are unable to spread or cause disease, thus allowing study of aspects of CCHFV biology under relaxed biosafety conditions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Virus-based particles"

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Mažeikė, Eglė. "Generation of anticancer vaccine based on virus-like particles." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110621_164205-79199.

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In this dissertation the investigation of potential applications of hamster polyomavirus (HaPyV) major capsid protein VP1 based chimeric virus-like particles (VLPs) harboring CTL epitopes for anticancer vaccine development is presented. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of recombinant HaPyV VP1 based VLPs for anticancer vaccine generation in model systems, including investigation of VP1 applicability for heterologous CTL epitopes insertions, VLPs assembly and ability to induce insert specific immune response in vivo. HaPyV VP1 VLPs carrying CLT epitopes derived from different proteins were generated, most suitable positions for insertion into VP1 protein were selected, the ways to improve assembly and yield of the chimeric VLPs were determined and new VLPs purification procedure was created allowing to purify VLPs cheaper, faster and more efficiently. HaPyV VP1 based VLPs ability to induce CTL immune response in vivo was evaluated for the first time. It was demonstrated that model chimeric VLPs were able to stimulate antigen specific CTL cells in vitro and in vivo, induced insert specific humoral and CTL immune response in vivo and protected mice from insert specific virus infection and antigen-specific tumor growth. Presented data confirmed that HaPyV protein VP1 is universal carrier for CTL epitopes, capable to tolerate insertions, to form VLPs and to induce effective, long lasting immune response against inserted antigens in vivo.
Disertacijoje yra aprašomas perspektyvų panaudoti žiurkėno poliomos viruso (HaPyV) pagrindinio struktūrinio baltymo VP1 formuojamas į virusus panašias daleles priešvėžinių vakcinų kūrimui tyrimas. Pagrindinis disertacijos darbo tikslas buvo modelinėse sistemose parodyti rekombinantinių HaPyV VP1 baltymų formuojamų į virusus panašių dalelių panaudojimo priešvėžinių vakcinų kūrimui galimybes, įvertinant svetimų CTL epitopų įterpimo į VP1 baltymą toleravimą, VPD formavimosi efektyvumą bei sukeltą įterptam antigenui specifinį imuninį atsaką. Disertacijoje atlikta tyrimo srities literatūros apžvalga, smulkiai aprašomi darbe naudoti metodai, atlikti eksperimentai, pateikiami bei analizuojami gauti rezultatai. Darbe pirmą kartą buvo nuodugniai ištirtos HaPyV viruso VP1 baltymo formuojamų VPD savybės, parodytas jų tinkamumas būti CTL epitopų nešikliais, ištirtos įterpimui palankiausios VP1 baltymo vietos, išbandyti nauji VPD gavimo ir gryninimo būdai, pagerinantys chimerinių VPD formavimąsi bei išeigas. Panaudojant modelines chimerines VPD in vivo buvo ištirtas chimerinių HaPyV VP1 pagrindu sukonstruotų VPD sukeliamas humoralinis ir ląstelinis imuninis atsakas. Gauti rezultatai parodė, kad HaPyV VP1 baltymas yra vienas iš nedaugelio virusų struktūrinių baltymų, kurie ne tik formuoja VPD, bet pasižymi ir universaliomis baltymo – nešiklio savybėmis, o in vivo sukelia efektyvų, ilgalaikį, įterptam epitopui specifinį imuninį atsaką.
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González, Domínguez Irene. "Characterization and purification of HIV-1 based virus-like particles." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670546.

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Les virus-like particles (VLPs) de VIH han sorgit com una prometedora alternativa per al desenvolupament de nous candidats vacunals, però també per al disseny de teràpies avançades en el camp de la nanomedicina. En els últims anys, s’han desenvolupat diferents estratègies d’optimització per la producció de VLPs de VIH en cultius de cèl·lules animals. Malgrat aquests avanços, la manca d’informació sobre el procés de producció de les VLPs a nivell intracel·lular, la necessitat de mètodes analítics adients per la quantificació de les VLPs de VIH i la seua diferenciació d’altres estructures vesiculars, conegudes com extracellular vesicles (EVs), conjuntament amb la falta de mètodes de purificació, han limitat l’ús d’aquestes nanopartícules a la clínica. Per aquesta raó, la motivació d’aquesta tesis doctoral és aprofundir en els diferents paràmetres que participen en la generació de VLPs de VIH, així com el desenvolupament de nous mètodes d’anàlisi i purificació amb l’objectiu d’establir una plataforma de producció per la seua aplicació en l’àmbit de la biotecnologia.
Las virus-like particles (VLPs) derivadas del VIH han surgido como una potente alternativa para el desarrollo de nuevos candidatos vacunales, pero también para el diseño de terapias avanzadas en el campo de la nanomedicina. En los últimos años, se han optimizado diferentes estrategias para la producción de estas VLPs en cultivos de células animales. No obstante, el desconocimiento acerca de los diferentes pasos que acontecen a su producción a nivel intracelular, y que afectan al rendimiento de producción, la falta de métodos analíticos para su correcta caracterización y cuantificación, así como de su diferenciación de otras estructuras vesiculares, conocidas como extracelular vesicles (EVs), y la carencia de métodos de purificación adecuados, dificultan su aplicación en la clínica. Por todo ello, el objetivo de la presente tesis es investigar el proceso de producción de VLPs de VIH, así como desarrollar nuevos métodos analíticos y de purificación con el objetivo de establecer una plataforma de producción de estas nanopartículas para su uso en aplicaciones biotecnológicas.
HIV-1 virus-like particles (VLPs) have emerged as an interesting alternative for the development of novel vaccine candidates and delivery strategies of different cargos into different cells and tissues. Great efforts have been undertaken to optimize the generation of these nanoparticles in animal cell cultures. However, the limited understanding of its production at intracellular level, the need for analytical tools allowing its specific quantification over extracellular vesicles (EVs), and the few purification processes available hamper their clinical application. The aim of this thesis is to gain insight into the process parameters affecting HIV-1 Gag VLP production, and the development of analytical and purification methods to establish a complete platform for its clinical-grade production.
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Lu, Yi. "Development of Virus-like particles (VLPs) Based Vaccines Against Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) and Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV)." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104945.

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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) are two of the most prevalent swine pathogens that have impacted the global swine industry for decades. Both are RNA viruses with increasing heterogeneity over the years, making a vaccine solution ever so challenging. Modified live-attenuated vaccines (MLVs) have been the most common approach, but the long-term safety regarding their potential for pathogenic reversion still needs to be addressed. Subunit based vaccines have been the focus of numerous development studies around the world with renewed interest in their promising prospects in both safety and efficacy. Our lab has developed a unique approach to use hepatitis B virus core capsid protein (HBcAg) as a vaccine delivery vehicle for either PRRSV or PEDV viral epitope antigens. Recombinantly produced HBcAg forms an icosahedral capsid virus-like particle (VLP) that has 240 repeats in a single assembled particle. By inserting different epitope antigens from these porcine pathogens into the particle, we can achieve repetitive antigen presentation to the host's immune system by taking advantage of the polymeric nature of VLP. The first animal study evaluated the efficacy of 4 VLP based vaccine candidates against PRRSV in mice. These 4 vaccines incorporated 2 B-cell epitopes (61QAAIEVYEPGRS72 and 89ELGFVVPPGLSS100) and 2 T-cell epitopes (117LAALICFVIRLAKNC131 and 149KGRLYRWRSPVIIEK163) from PRRSV structural proteins GP3 and GP5 respectively. Candidate GP3-4 was able to stimulate a significant viral neutralizing response in mouse sera against two PRRSV strains, one being heterologous, demonstrating its potential of cross-protection against PRRSV. The second animal study took an optimized VLP vaccine candidate against PEDV from previous development studies in mice, and assessed its efficacy through a comprehensive pregnant gilt vaccination and neonatal piglet challenge model. The vaccine candidate incorporated B-cell epitope 748YSNIGVCK755 from the PEDV spike protein. It was able to elicit significant viral neutralization antibody titer in gilt milk at 3 days post-farrowing (DPF), and provided nursing piglets with clinical relief in terms of morbidity, viral shedding, small intestinal lesions, and 10 days post-challenge (DPC) survival rate.
Doctor of Philosophy
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) are two pathogens that infect pigs, resulting in immense economic losses to the global pork production industry every year. Both viruses have large diversity with various strains due to mutations that have occurred over the years. This makes vaccine development that aims at combating the pathogens even more challenging. One common vaccine strategy has been immunizing animals with modified live viruses with decreased pathogenicity. Naturally, long term safety of this option has been a concern. A much safer vaccine approach that is purely protein based has attracted renewed interest around the world. Protein based vaccines lack genetic materials from the viruses and are not able to replicate inside the host. Our lab has developed a platform that uses protein-based particles (VLPs) originated from the hepatitis B virus (HBV), and incorporates short pieces of proteins from either PRRSV or PEDV to train host's immune system to recognize these pathogens, and hopefully to prevent future infection. For the first animal study, we tested 4 VLP vaccine candidates against PRRSV in mice and discovered that mouse serum from one candidate GP3-4 was able to prevent infection of 2 distinct PRRSV strains in petri dishes, paving the way for further development. For the second animal study, we took an optimized VLP vaccine candidate against PEDV from previous mouse studies, and evaluated its performance in pigs. We immunized pregnant mother pigs with the vaccine before they gave birth, then experimentally infected newborn piglets with the virus. Piglets from the vaccinated mothers showed improved clinical signs and faster recovery from the infection.
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Lohneis, Taylor Paige. "Consistent Fabrication of Ultrasmall PLGA Nanoparticles and their Potential Biomedical Applications." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/95943.

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Nanotechnology and its potential for biomedical applications has become an area of increasing interest over the last few decades. Specifically, ultrasmall nanoparticles, ranging in size from 5 to 50 nm, are highly sought after for their physical and chemical properties and their ability to be easily transmitted though the bloodstream. By adjusting the material properties, size, surface potential, morphology, surface modifications, and more, of nanoparticles, it is possible to tailor them to a specific use in biomedical areas such as drug and gene delivery, biodetection of pathogens or proteins, and tissue engineering. The aim of this study was to fabricate ultrasmall poly-(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (PLGA NPs) using a quick and easy nanoprecipitation method1, with some modifications, for general use in various biomedical areas. Nanoprecipitation of two solutions – PLGA dissolved in acetonitrile and aqueous poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) – at varying concentrations produced ultrasmall nanoparticles that range in size, on average, from 10 to 30 nm. By the data collected from this study, a selection method can be used to choose a desired PLGA nanoparticle size given a potential biomedical application. The desired nanoparticle can be fabricated using specific concentrations of the two nanoprecipitation solutions. Size of the ultrasmall PLGA NPs was characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Spherical morphology of the PLGA NPs was also proved by TEM. By generalizing the ultrasmall PLGA NP fabrication process, the idea is that these NPs will be able to be used in various biomedical applications depending on the goal of the furthered study. As an example of potential application, ~15 to 20 nm PLGA NPs were consistently fabricated for use as virus-like particle (VLP) scaffolds. Following formation, PLGA NPs were introduced to modified human papillomavirus (HPV) protein during protein refolding and assembly into virus-like particles (VLPs) via buffer exchange. The size of the VLPs was monitored with and without PLGA nanoparticles present in solution during the refolding process and TEM images were collected to confirm encapsulation.
Master of Science
Nanotechnology, the manipulation of materials on an atomic or molecular scale, and its potential for biomedical applications has become an area of increasing interest over the last few decades. Nanoparticles, spherical or non-spherical entities of sizes approximately one-billionth of a meter, have been used to solve a wide variety of biomedical problems. For reference, a human hair is about 80,000 to 100,000 nm in size and the nanoscale typically ranges in size from 1 to 1000 nm. This size range is not visible to the naked eye, so methods of analysis via scientific equipment becomes paramount. Specifically, this study aims to fabricate ultrasmall nanoparticles, ranging in size from 5 to 50 nm, which are highly sought after for their physical and chemical properties and their ability to easily travel though the bloodstream. By adjusting the material properties, size, shape, surface charge, surface modifications, and more, of nanoparticles, it is possible to tailor them to a specific use in biomedical areas such as drug delivery, detection of viruses, and tissue engineering. The specific aim of this study was to fabricate ultrasmall poly-(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (PLGA NPs), a type of polymer, using a quick and easy nanoprecipitation method1, with some modifications. Nanoprecipitation occurs by combining two liquid solutions – PLGA and aqueous poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) – which interact chemically to form a solid component – a polymer nanoparticle. These two solutions, at varying concentrations, produced ultrasmall nanoparticles that range in size, on average, from 10 to 30 nm. Data collected from this study can be used to select a desired nanoparticle size given a potential application. The desired nanoparticle can be fabricated using specific concentrations of the two nanoprecipitation solutions. By generalizing the ultrasmall PLGA NP fabrication process, the idea is that these NPs can be used for a variety of biomedical applications depending on the goal of the furthered study. Two PLGA NP example applications are tested for in this work – in DNA loading and in encapsulation of virus-like particles (VLPs), which are synthetically produced proteins that can be neatly folded to resemble a virus. These VLPs can be used to as an alternative to live vaccines and they can be designed to stimulate the immune system. Positive initial results from this study confirm the potential of these nanoparticles to have a wide impact on the biomedical field depending on specific tailoring to a given application.
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Chun, Elizabeth M. "Developing a Recombinant Plant Virus Nanoparticle Vaccine for Rift Valley Fever Virus." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1345.

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Rift Valley Fever (RVF) is an emerging infectious disease found in both livestock and humans. RVF is associated with high abortion and mortality rates in livestock and can be fatal in humans. As such, RVF is economically and socially significant to affected smallholder and subsistence farmers, those infected, and national livestock industries. However, Rift Valley Fever virus (RVFV) vaccines are not commercially available outside of endemic areas or for humans, and current vaccines are limited in their safety and efficacy. A plant-based, viral nanoparticle vaccine offers a more affordable alternative to conventional vaccines that is safe, rapidly producible, and easily scalable, better meeting the needs of impacted communities. This project focuses on assessing the potential of using a Nicotiana benthamiana plant expression system to generate recombinant tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) nanoparticles displaying RVFV glycoprotein epitopes. Eight TMV-RVFV glycoprotein constructs were designed. Five TMV-RVFV constructs were successfully cloned, and four recombinant TMV constructs were successfully expressed in planta. The antigenicity of these constructs was examined for their possible use in RVFV vaccine development.
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Smith, Mark T. "Engineering Cell-Free Systems for Vaccine Development, Self-Assembling Nanoparticles and Codon Reassignment Applications." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4449.

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This dissertation reports on the technology of cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) including 1) stabilized lyophilized cell-free systems and 2) enhanced heterogeneous cell extracts. This work further considers applications of CFPS systems in 1) rapid vaccine development, 2) functional virus-based nanoparticles, 3) site-specific protein immobilization, and 4) expanding the language of biology using unnatural amino acids. CFPS technology is a versatile protein production platform that has many features unavailable in in vivo expression systems. The primary benefit cell-free systems provide is the direct access to the reaction environment, which is no longer hindered by the presence of a cell-wall. The “openness” of the system makes it a compelling candidate for many technologies. One limitation of CFPS is the necessity of freezing for long-term viable storage. We demonstrate that a lyophilized CFPS system is more stable against nonideal storage than traditional CFPS reagents. The Escherichia coli-based CFPS system in this work is limited by the biocatalytic machinery found natively in E. coli. To combat these limitations, exogenous biocatalysts can be expressed during fermentation of cells prepared into extract. We demonstrate that simple adjustments in the fermentation conditions can significantly increase the activity of the heterogeneous extract. Towards virus-based particles and vaccines, we demonstrate that the open nature of CFPS can be utilized for coexpression of virus proteins and self-assembly of virus particles. This technique allows for the rapid production of potential vaccines and novel functional virus-based nanoparticles. Unnatural amino acids expand the effective language of protein biology. Utilizing CFPS as an expression system, we demonstrated that the incorporation of a single specific unnatural amino acid allows for site-specific immobilization, thus stabilizing the protein against elevated temperatures and chemical denaturants. Current unnatural amino acid incorporation technologies are limited to one or few simultaneous incorporations and suffer from low efficiency. This work proposes a system that could potentially allow for upwards of 40 unnatural amino acids to be simultaneously incorporated, effectively tripling the protein code. These projects demonstrate the power and versatility of CFPS technologies while laying the foundation for promising technologies in the field of biotechnology.
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Nemani, Satish Kumar [Verfasser]. "Design and development of Pichia pastoris based dengue specific virus-like particles concerted with insights into stress responses during expression using a proteomic approach / Nemani Satish Kumar." Hannover : Technische Informationsbibliothek und Universitätsbibliothek Hannover (TIB), 2015. http://d-nb.info/1072059975/34.

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Lang, Rainer. "Virus-Like particle based vaccines." Diss., lmu, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-150810.

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Callaghan, Maximilian W. "Chimeric orthohepadnavirus core particles for oral delivery of vaccines: Part I. Transformation of tobacco plants with a gene encoding a c-terminus truncated hepatitis B virus core protein. Part II. Construction of a woodchuck hepatitis virus core protein-based universal epitope carrier and test expression in Escherichia coli." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9404.

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Recombinant hepatitis B virus (HBV) core particles have been successfully used as particulate carriers exposing viral and bacterial antigens on their surface. The objective of this research was to explore the use of recombinant core particles from HBV and its close relative the woodchuck hepatitis virus for edible vaccine technology. This was accomplished in two parts. Part 1 was the transformation of a truncated HBV core protein gene into transgenic tobacco plants and characterization of the gene's expression with respect to mRNA levels, protein levels, and particle self-assembly. Part 2 was the construction of a "universal antigen carrier" based on the woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) core protein and generation and characterization of chimeric WHV core proteins carrying two different epitopes from the hepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein. In conclusion, it appears that a different approach may be required to express core proteins from HBV-like viruses in transgenic tobacco plants. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Hamdi, Anis. "Novel Chromatographic methodology for virus particles purification." Master's thesis, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/64186.

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"Virus based biopharmaceuticals are considered the most dynamic adopted tools in modern therapeutic medicine. Their use is increasing in the fields of vaccination and gene therapy. Membrane chromatography is becoming an attractive alternative t ool that can be used for virus purification due to its scalability, potential for optimization and economical features, allowing higher productivities with lower DSP costs. (…)"
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Book chapters on the topic "Virus-based particles"

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Rosales-Mendoza, Sergio, and Omar González-Ortega. "Virus-Like Particles-Based Mucosal Nanovaccines." In Nanovaccines, 267–318. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31668-6_10.

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Muratori, Claudia, Roberta Bona, and Maurizio Federico. "Lentivirus-Based Virus-Like Particles as a New Protein Delivery Tool." In Lentivirus Gene Engineering Protocols, 111–24. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-533-0_7.

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Bárcena, Juan, and Esther Blanco. "Design of Novel Vaccines Based on Virus-Like Particles or Chimeric Virions." In Subcellular Biochemistry, 631–65. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6552-8_21.

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Thuenemann, Eva C., and George P. Lomonossoff. "Delivering Cargo: Plant-Based Production of Bluetongue Virus Core-Like and Virus-Like Particles Containing Fluorescent Proteins." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 319–34. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7808-3_22.

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Roy, P., and G. Sutton. "New generation of African horse sickness virus vaccines based on structural and molecular studies of the virus particles." In African Horse Sickness, 177–202. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6823-3_17.

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Huong, Tra Nguyen, Boon Huan Tan, and Richard J. Sugrue. "A Proteomic-Based Workflow Using Purified Respiratory Syncytial Virus Particles to Identify Cellular Factors as Drug Targets." In Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus, 175–94. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3687-8_13.

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Dobrica, Mihaela-Olivia, Catalin Lazar, and Norica Branza-Nichita. "Production of Chimeric Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigens in Mammalian Cells." In Vaccine Delivery Technology, 83–94. New York, NY: Springer US, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0795-4_7.

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Abstract The small (S) envelope protein of the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), HBV-S, has the unique ability to self-assemble into highly immunogenic subviral particles (SVPs), in the absence of other viral factors, in eukaryotic cells, including those of nonhepatic origin. This feature is currently exploited for generation of SVPs exposing heterologous epitopes on their surface that can be used as vaccine candidates to target various diseases. Here, we describe a simple and robust method for production of such chimeric HBV-S protein-based SVPs in transiently transfected HEK293T cells and purification from cell supernatants by ultracentrifugation on sucrose cushion and sucrose step gradients. The SVPs obtained by this methodology have been successfully used in immunogenicity studies in animal models.
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Dhanasooraj, Dhananjayan, R. Ajay Kumar, and Sathish Mundayoor. "Subunit Protein Vaccine Delivery System for Tuberculosis Based on Hepatitis B Virus Core VLP (HBc-VLP) Particles." In Vaccine Design, 377–92. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3389-1_26.

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Wahome, Newton, Anne Cooper, Prem Thapa, Shyamal Choudhari, Fei P. Gao, David B. Volkin, and C. Russell Middaugh. "Production of Well-Characterized Virus-like Particles in an Escherichia coli-Based Expression Platform for Preclinical Vaccine Assessments." In Vaccine Design, 437–57. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3389-1_29.

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Wang, Wei, Pengtao Zhang, and Ying Tan. "An Immune Concentration Based Virus Detection Approach Using Particle Swarm Optimization." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 347–54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13495-1_43.

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Conference papers on the topic "Virus-based particles"

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Lin, Shih-Yeh, Cheng-Yu Chung, Yao-Chi Chung, Hsin-Yi Chiu, and Yu-Chen Hu. "Development of Enterovirus 71 Vaccine based on Virus-like Particles." In 14th Asia Pacific Confederation of Chemical Engineering Congress. Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-07-1445-1_411.

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Song, Minghao, and Hongwei Sun. "Microfluidics Based Impinger for Air Sampling." In ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with the ASME 2012 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2012 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2012-73230.

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Capturing particles from the air into the liquid is critical for the development of analysis systems for bio-particles such as virus, toxins and spores. We report a miniaturized airborne particle sampling (collection) device that relies on a bubbling process formed in a small chamber where air (to be sampled) is flown through a microchannel array into the liquid in the chamber. The airborne particles trapped in the tiny bubbles (diameter: 80 microns) are diffused into liquid and captured into the liquid and analyzed. The whole device is fabricated on a glass slide using soft-lithography method with Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the structural material. To prevent the air leakage at the connections, a special sealing process depending on PDMS only without the use of any glue was successfully developed. Hydrophobicity of channel surface was found to be critical for generating continuous and stable bubble lines in the bubbling process. The collection efficiency is measured by collecting polystyrene latex particles (diameter: ∼1 micron) on polycarbonate membrane filters at the inlet and outlet of the device. It was found that a collection efficiency of 90% from the microfluidics based impinger is achieved, which is much higher than that of conventional impinger device. Furthermore, a collection time of 10 minutes is needed for this device compared to a few hours for a conventional impinger.
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Huh, Yun Suk, Aram J. Chung, Bernardo Cordovez, and David Erickson. "Optofluidic Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering Chip for Detection of Dengue Virus." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-67243.

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In this work we describe the development of an optofluidic device for surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) based detection of biological pathogens. The chip exploits the use of electro-active microwells which serve to both physically concentrate the Raman enhancers and to reduce the total analysis time through a unique electrokinetically driven on-chip mixing effect. To quantify the concentration performance of the device we use 44 nm polystyrene particles at low electric field strength (between 1.00–2.00 V) and demonstrate close to 90% concentration saturation within 2.5 s. We demonstrate the mixing capability through the enhanced detection of dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2). With DENV-2, we successfully detected the SERS signals with a limit of detection of 30 pM.
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Mohsen, Mona Omar, and Martin F. Bachmann. "Development and Exploration of a Novel Personalized Cancer Vaccine Based on Virus-Like Particles (VLPs) by Incorporating Melanoma Specific T-cell Epitopes." In Qatar Foundation Annual Research Conference Proceedings. Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5339/qfarc.2018.hbpd53.

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Wu, Yichen, Aniruddha Ray, Qingshan Wei, Alborz Feizi, Xin Tong, Eva Chen, Yi Luo, and Aydogan Ozcan. "Particle-Aggregation Based Virus Sensor Using Deep Learning and Lensless Digital Holography." In CLEO: Applications and Technology. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2019.atu4k.3.

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Kylberg, Gustaf, Ida-Maria Sintorn, Mats Uppstrom, and Martin Ryner. "Local intensity and PCA based detection of virus particle candidates in transmission electron microscopy images." In 2009 6th International Symposium on Image and Signal Processing and Analysis. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ispa.2009.5297708.

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Reports on the topic "Virus-based particles"

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Douglas, Trevor. Self-Assembly of Virus Particle Based Materials for Hydrogen Catalysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1722913.

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