Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Virus hepatite b canard'
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Germon, Stéphanie. "Utilisation du modèle de l'hépatite B du canard pour la détermination de l'activité antivirale du L-FMAU et l'étude de la biologie de mutants de résistance à la lamivudine." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO1T274.
Full textBorel, Christelle. "Étude de la relation entre le cycle cellulaire des hépatocytes et la réplication du virus de l'hépatite B du canard." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO1T246.
Full textSilva, Claudia da. "Infecção oculta pelo virus da hepatite B em pacientes com infecção cronica pelo virus da hepatite C." [s.n.], 2004. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/309351.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: A infecção pelo VHB em pacientes que não apresentam o antígeno de superficie do vírus da hepatite B (HBsAg) detectável pelos métodos usuais, é denominada de infecção oculta. Sua prevalência e significado clínico, não estão ainda, completamente esclarecidos. A proposta deste estudo foi o de investigar: a) a presença de infecção oculta pelo VHB em pacientes com infecção crônica pelo VHC; b) correlacionar a presença do DNA do VHB com fatores de riscos para aquisição da HVB e HVC ; c) correlacionar a presença do DNA do VHB com as alterações histológicas e hepáticas nos pacientes co- infectados pelo VHC e com a resposta ao tratamento da hepatite C. Foi utilizada a Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase para pesquisar o DNA do VHB em amostras de soro de 256 indivíduosHBsAg negativo e anti-HBc positivo: 150 eram doadores de sangue (100 eram anti-HBc isolado e 50 eram anti-HBc / anti-HBs positivo) e 106 eram pacientes com infecção crônica pelo vírus da hepatite C (HCV) (50 eram anti-HBc isolado e 56 eram anti-HBc / anti-HBs positivo). A prevalência da infecção oculta pelo VHB variou de 4% (6/150) nos doadores de sangue a 24% (12/50) nos pacientes com infecção crônica pelo VHC (anti-HBs negativo). A prevalência da infecção oculta pelo VHB em todos os pacientes co-infectados com o YHC foi de 14.2% (15/106). Foi observado que nos pacientes com infecção oculta pelo VHB, o anticorpo contra o antígeno de superficie do VHB (anti-HBs) não foi capaz de proteger os pacientes co-infectados pelo VHC (5,4, 3/56). Não houve correlação entre os diferentes genótipos do VHC e a presença de infecção oculta pelo VHB nem com o grau histológico de lesão hepática. A infecção oculta pelo VHB não influenciou na resposta ao interferon em pacientes com infecção crônica pelo VHC
Abstract: HBV infections in patients who lack levels of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) are called occult infections. Their prevalence and clinical significance are not yet fully understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate: a) the prevalence ofHBV occult infection in patients with chronic HCV infection; b) to correlate the presence ofHBV DNA with risk factor to acquire HBV and HCV infection; c) to correlate the presence of HBV DNA in serum with histopathologic al terations and the response to interferon therapy in patients with chronic HCV infection. We used the polymerase chain reaction to search for HBV DNA in serum samples from 256 HBsAg negative and anti-HBc positives subjects: 150 were blood donors (100 were anti-HBc alone and 50 were anti-HBc / anti-HBs positive), 106 were patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (50 were anti-HBc alone and 56 were anti-HBc / anti-HBs positive). The prevalence of HBV occult infection ranged from 4% (6/150) in blood donors to 24% (12/50) in patients with chronic HCV infection anti-HBc / anti-HBs negative. The prevalence of HBV occult in the totality of patients co-Ínfected with HCV was 14.2% (15/106). It was observed that in our patients with HBV occult infection the antibodies to anti-HBs was not able to protect the patients co-Ínfected with HCV (5.4, 3/56). There was not correlation between different genotypes and the presence HBV occult infection neither with the lesion histological grade. The HBV occult infection did not influence in the response to interferon therapy in the patients with chronic HCV infection
Mestrado
Ciencias Biomedicas
Mestre em Ciências Médicas
BROSSART, MARC. "Traitement des hepatites chroniques actives a virus b par la vidarabine." Aix-Marseille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX20448.
Full textYELSCH, PHILIPPE. "Influence des virus du sida sur les profils serologiques des sujets infectes par le virus de l'hepatite." Limoges, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIMO0177.
Full textLamballerie, Xavier de. "Etude moleculaire et serologique des virus des hepatites a, b et c." Aix-Marseille 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX20653.
Full textSchorr, Olivier. "Régulation et inhibition de la formation de l'ADN superenroulé du virus de l'hépatite B du canard." Lyon 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO10097.
Full textLambert, Véronique. "Le virus de l'hépatite B du canard : modèle expérimental pour l'étude de la biologie des infections par les hépadnavirus." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO1T255.
Full textRollier, Christine. "Etude, à l'aide du virus de l'hépatite B du canard, de l'immunisation génétique pour la prévention et le traitement de l'hépatite B." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO10086.
Full textMARCHAIS, DUPONT MARTINE. "Vaccination anti-virale b : etude epidemiologique au c.h.r. d'angers." Angers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ANGE1096.
Full textSAIMAN, PIERRE-GILLES. "Marqueurs viraux et hepatopathies alcooliques." Aix-Marseille 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX20305.
Full textDavid, Guillaume. "Towards structural studies of Hepadnavirus subviral particles using wheat germ cell-free expression and solid-state NMR." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1336.
Full textStructural studies of eukaryotic membrane proteins are of prime importance but notoriously difficult as they not only necessitate an efficient and practical overexpression system that allows for membrane protein expression in a biologically relevant folding, but also a structural technique that you can easily combine with the chosen protein production system. In vitro cell-free systems, due to their modulable nature, are particularly suited for membrane protein expression. Furthermore, they now established themselves as a viable alternative to conventional cell-based expression, notably because of considerable advances in robustness and efficiency. Amongst them, the wheat germ cell-free production system (WG-CFPS) proved to be the most efficient for production of eukaryotic membrane proteins, and allows for efficient and specific isotope labeling. This makes it particularly convenient for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), and more specifically solid-state NMR which is particularly appropriate for membrane protein studies and macromolecular assemblies. Thanks to very recent advances that lead to a drastic reduction of the quantity of protein needed, solid-state NMR is now compatible with WG-CFPS, creating a powerful tool for structural studies of macromolecular assemblies and membrane proteins. In this work, these two techniques are combined for the production and study of the envelope proteins from the duck Hepatitis B Virus (DHBV), that belongs to the Hepadnaviridae family. These viruses are able to secrete active virions, but also particles composed only of envelope proteins, which are called subviral particles (SVPs). In the first part, we show here that the DHBV small envelope protein (DHBs S) is produced as soluble in mg amounts using WG-CFPS. Even more, the protein forms SVPs upon translation, and is thus expressed in a biologically relevant form. After SVPs disassembly, the protein displays a mostly -helical folding, which is characteristic of a well-folded protein, and also very similar to the secondary structure of an assembly-incompetent mutant. After further isolation by ultracentrifugation on a sucrose gradient, the SVPs were sedimented in a 0.7 mm rotor and observed by solid-state NMR. Very promising hNH 2D spectra, with a good signal, were obtained. They display numerous isolated peaks and a resolution alike to other sedimented membrane proteins observed by solid-state NMR. Moreover, superimposition of the DHBs S spectrum with simulated spectra from proteins with extreme secondary structure content confirms that the protein is mostly -helical in the context of the SVPs. Nonetheless, the signal still needs to be improved in order to perform the experiments necessary for in-depth structural analysis. To that end, sample optimization assays were conducted. On the one hand, protein yield improvement, by the use of a commercial wheat germ extract, and SVPs stabilization, by incubation with KSCN, were tried. On the other hand, different methods for SVPs purification were tested, including PEG6000 or ammonium sulfate precipitation, incubation at high temperature, contaminant removal with an ultrafiltration device, affinity or size-exclusion purification as well as tests of particles disassembly, purification followed by SVPs reconstitution in lipids. Finally, amino-acid specific isotopic labeling of DHBs S was evaluated. In the second part, we could show extended possibilities of WG-CFPS through expression of DHBV large envelope protein (DHBs L). In vivo, the protein undergo specific phosphorylation as well as alternative translation, and we could show that it is also the case upon wheat germ cell-free expression. We also tested coexpression of DHBs S, DHBs L and of the DHBV capsid in order to assess the possibility of DHBs L inclusion in SVPs, or even complete virion reconstitution, which could even augment WG-CFPS possibilities. Ultimately, we also detail some critical parameters for SVPs formation in the WG-CFPS
Samuel, Didier. "Mécanismes, prévention et traitement de la réinfection par le virus de l'hépatite B après transplantation hépatique." Paris 11, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA11T019.
Full textCARREAU, ALEMY MURIEL. "Interactions entre virus de l'hepatite b et de l'hepatite c et consommation d'alcool dans la pathogenie des cirrhoses." Aix-Marseille 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX20809.
Full textBonnet, Franck. "Virus de l'hépatite B : implications des mutations de la zone précoce dans le développement des hépatites chroniques et fulminantes." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P147.
Full textGodoy, Bibiane Armiliato. "História evolutiva do vírus da hepatite B em populações nativas americanas." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/129490.
Full textIntroduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a hepatotropic DNA virus that presents a partially double-stranded circular genome. Based on sequence divergence of the complete genome, ten HBV evolutionary lineages, called “genotypes” have been described (A-J), with F and H being considered as indigenous from the Americas. HBV genotypes present a remarkable geographic structure which may reflect historic patterns of human migrations. In South America, areas of high endemism include the Amazon basin, and high prevalence rates have been observed in Native American populations. Although the strong geographical structure indicates an ancient origin, most analysis trying to date the origin of the “American” genotypes F and H result in extremely recent dates that disagree with historical events related with HBV. Objective: The aims of this study comprise evaluate the impact of different evolutionary rates and of the purifying selection on molecular dating estimates in order to infer which rates are in better agreement with the origin of HBV in the Americas; to characterize the HBV circulating in a historical sample of Native Americans, and discussing the historical processes that might be relevant to understand the observed patterns. Materials and Methods: We performed a Bayesian analysis using the available sequences of F and H genotypes and different evolutionary rates previously reported, and compared the occurrence of synonymous and non-synonymous mutations in branches of phylogeny classified as “old” or “young” in order to infer the effects of purifying selection over time. For the characterization of HBV from Native American populations, detection and amplification of viral DNA were obtained through PCR followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Bayesian Skyline Plot analysis was performed to compare the population dynamics of the A1 subgenotype present in the sample of Native American and in other strains isolated from Brazil. Results and Conclusion: Our results show that molecular dating estimates are strongly influenced by the evolutionary rate assumed in the analysis. In addition, we observed an excess of non-synonymous mutations in recent branches of phylogeny, which is compatible with the occurrence of purifying selection and may create a bias on the estimates, producing too recent datings. In the sample of Native Americans, we observed a predominance of the A1 subgenotype, related with African populations. Skyline Plot analysis showed that population expansion in strains isolated from Native Americans is more recent than that inferred from other Brazilian strains, suggesting that the historical processes that contributed to the presence of A1 subgenotype A1 Native Americans are related with more recent migratory waves towards the Amazon region.
Moura, Patricia Ribeiro de. "Analise funcional e estrutural da proteina HBx do virus da Hepatite B." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/314357.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: A infecção crônica pelo vírus da hepatite B (HBV) é uma das causas do desenvolvimento do câncer de fígado. O genoma do HBV codifica a onco-proteína HBx, uma proteína multi-funcional de 17 kDa que possui 10 resíduos de cisteína, e que está relacionada com a indução do câncer de fígado em camundongos transgênicos para HBx. Apesar de não ter uma função definida, sabe-se que a proteína HBx é um potente trans-ativador transcricional, ativando a transcrição de muitos promotores virais e celulares através de interações proteína-proteína, uma vez que HBx não interage diretamente com o DNA de fita dupla. Desta forma, HBx pode afetar a replicação e proliferação virais, e interferir nos processos celulares de apoptose e carcinogênese. Neste trabalho, a proteína HBx foi expressa em E. coli, em fusão com a proteína GST ou com a cauda de poli-histidina, e utilizada em ensaios funcionais e estruturais. Através de ensaios de retardamento da mobilidade eletroforética e UV cross-linking, observou-se que a proteína HBx possui uma afinidade maior pelos oligonucleotídeos de RNA ricos em bases "A", "V" e "AV", com tamanho superior a 21-mer, e que os resíduos de cisteína não interferiram na ligação da HBx com o oligonucleotídeo de RNA AV-38. A ausência dos resíduos de eisteína da proteína HBx também não interferiu na ativação do promotor alvo para a proteína p53, em sistema de mono-híbrido em levedura, nem tampouco na interação in vitro da HBx com a proteína humana p53, o que foi confirmado através de um ensaio de co-precipitação. Em cultura de células HeLa, a proteína HBx causou um aumento do crescimento celular e uma leve uma estabilização dos mRNAs dos proto-oncogenes c-fos e c-myc, como mostraram os ensaios de cinética de degradação de mRNAs, e esta estabilização poderia contribuir para o fenótipo transformador da onco-proteína HBx. Os experimentos de dicroísmo circular e de fluorescência mostraram que a proteína HBx encontrava-se parcialmente estruturada em solução aquosa, mas apresentou uma tendência à estruturação sob determinadas condições experimentais, o que poderia ser uma conseqüência de uma provável flexibilidade conformacional inerente à proteína HBx. Vma estrutura flexível poderia explicar as interações observadas entre a HBx e uma variedade de proteínas celulares e ácidos nucléicos de fita simples, de modo que a proteína HBx poderia interferir nos processos de sinalização, transcrição, apoptose e nos mecanismos de reparo de DNA, que levariam ao desenvolvimento do câncer de fígado
Abstract: Chronic infection of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the causes leading to liver cancer. The HBV genome encodes the 17 kDa onco-protein HBx, a multi-functional protein that contains 10 cysteine residues and is related to induce liver cancer in transgenic mice. The exact function of HBx is still unknown. However, it has been shown that HBx is a potent trans-activator, which activates transcription of many cellular and viral promoters indirecdy through protein-protein interactions, although it does not bind to double-stranded DNA direcdy. Besides, the HBx protein can affect viral replication and proliferation, and it interferes with cellular apoptosis and carcinogenesis. In this work, the recombinant HBx protein was expressed in E. coli as a GST or 6xHis fusion protein, and used in functional and structural assays. By Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay and UV cross-linking assays, it was observed that the HBx protein was able to bind to the "A", "V" and "AV" rich RNA oligonucleotides, and that the cysteine residues of the HBx protein were not required for its binding to the AV-rich RNA oligonucleotide (AV-38). The lack of cysteine residues in the HBx protein did not interfere with the pS3 promoter activation in the yeast one-hybrid system, or neither in the in vitro interaction through a co-precipitation assay of the HBx and human p53 protein. In HeLa cells, the HBx protein increased the cellular growth and caused a slight c-fos and c-myc mRNA stabilization. This mRNA stabilization could contribute for the transforming character of the onco-protein HBx. Both the circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopic assays had shown that the HBx protein was partially structured in aqueous solution, but the protein presented a propensity to gain secondary structure under specific experimental conditions. The HBx inherent conformational flexibility might explain its interaction with a wide array of cellular proteins and single-stranded nucleic acids, in a way that the HBx protein interferes with signaling cellular processes, modulates transcription, apoptosis and DNA repair, and contributes to the development of the liver cancer
Doutorado
Bioquimica
Doutor em Biologia Funcional e Molecular
CRESCENZO-CHAIGNE, BERNADETTE. "Analyse des sequences de regulation presentes dans l'element activateur du virus de l'hepatite b du canard." Paris 7, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA077182.
Full textPelletier, Pascale. "Porphyrie cutanée tardive et infection par les virus des hépatites B, C, G, et le virus VIH. Etude de 53 cas en Languedoc-Roussillon." Montpellier 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON11138.
Full textPham, Bach-Nga. "Distribution des populations lymphocytaires t intra-hepatiques dans les hepatites chroniques liees au virus b ou au virus c ; correlation de l'infiltrat t cd4+ avec la replication virale et biais d'expression des genes v beta des recepteurs t." Paris 11, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA11T027.
Full textCrispim, Myuki Alfaia Esashika. "Genotipagem do vírus da Hepatite C e do vírus da Hepatite Delta na Amazônia ocidental brasileira." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2007. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/3643.
Full textHepatitis B and D are endemic in the Western Brazilian Amazon region , but few studies have been conducted to investigate the genetic variability of both viruses. The hepatitis B virus (HBV) has a high genetic variability, with eight different genotypes defined (A-H). In present classification hepatitis D virus (HDV) is also supposed to present eight different genotypes (I-VIII). The aim of this study was to describe the genotypes of the virus B and D of the Western Brazilian Amazon region. We selected 190 samples of chronic carriers with HBV and 50 of them presented double infection with HDV. The serum samples of HBV were submitted to the genotyping through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), with type-specific primers . In the reactive samples for HDV RNA by RT-PCR was used the genotyping by Restriction Fragment Lenght Polymorphism (RFLP). The genotype A of HBV was detected as the most frequent, in 91 participants (56,5%), following by genotype F, in 41 (25,5%), and genotype D, in 29 (18,0%). In the HDV genotyping, we found only the genotype III. This study showed that the genotypes A, D and F of VHB and the genotype III of HDV represented the predominant genotypes in the Western Brazilian Amazon.
As hepatites B e D são endêmicas na Amazônia Ocidental Brasileira, mas poucos estudos têm buscado investigar a variabilidade genética de ambos os vírus. O vírus da Hepatite B (VHB) tem uma alta variabilidade genética, sendo definidos oito genótipos distintos (A-H). O vírus da hepatite D (VHD), na atual classificação, também é sugerido apresentar oito genótipos (I-VIII). O presente estudo teve o objetivo de descrever os genótipos do vírus B e D na Amazônia Ocidental Brasileira. Selecionamos 190 amostras de portadores crônicos do vírus da hepatite B, sendo que, destas, 50 apresentavam infecção dupla com o VHD. As amostras de soro do VHB foram submetidas a genotipagem por meio da Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR), com iniciadores tipo específicos. Em amostras reativas para o VHD RNA por RT-PCR foi realizada a genotipagem por Análise do Polimorfismo do Tamanho de Fragmentos de Restrição (RFLP). Foi detectado o genótipo A como o mais freqüente em 91 participantes (56,5%), seguido pelo F em 41(25,5%), e o D em 29 (18,0%). Na genotipagem para o VHD encontramos somente o genótipo III. Este estudo mostrou que os genótipos A, D e F do VHB e o genótipo III do VHD, representam os genótipos predominantes na Amazônia Ocidental Brasileira.
Rougier, Philippe. "Expression des antigenes du virus de l'hepatite b dans les cellules mononuclees du sang : etude au cours des hepatites chroniques et des infections a vih." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO1M014.
Full textCova, Lucyna. "Le virus de l'hépatite B du canard (DHBV) comme modèle pour l'étude de la réplication du virus de l'hépatite B humaine (VHB) et de son rôle dans l'oncogenèse hépatique." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO10001.
Full textGourion, Delphine. "Etude des différents vaccins recombinants dirigés contre l'hépatite B, disponibles en officine en 1996." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05P099.
Full textBarraud, Luc. "Etude des interactions entre l'infection chronique par le virus de l'hépatite B et l'exposition à l'aflatoxine B1." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10301.
Full textSantos, Maria Isabel Magalhães Andrade dos. "Perfil das mutações de resistência do vírus da Hepatite B aos análogos de nucleos(t)ídeos entre pacientes com hepatite B crônica." Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, 2014. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/8687.
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Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil
Introdução: A doença causada pelo vírus da hepatite B (HBV) é um problema de saúde pública mundial. No Brasil, o sistema único de saúde (SUS) tem disponibilizado drogas antivirais para o tratamento de hepatite B crônica há mais de 10 anos, mas um sistema para o monitoramento e avaliação de resistência a estas drogas ainda não está disponível. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar o perfil de mutações do HBV associadas com a resistência aos análogos de nucleos(t)ídeos entre 81 pacientes com infecção crônica pelo HBV: virgens de tratamento para hepatite B e tratados com diferentes análogos de nucleosídeos e nucleotídeos, no Hospital Professor Edgar Santos (HUPES-UFBA)- Salvador-BA. Metodologia: O HBV-DNA foi isolado de amostras de soro, amplificado por nested-PCR, utilizando-se primers deduzidos da região flaqueadora da domínio rt do gene P e sequenciados (ABI Prism 3730, Applied Biosystems, EUA). Duas a seis sequências de cada isolado foram alinhados e os sítios conflitantes foram resolvidos usando o software CLC Main Workbench v. 5.0 por inspeção visual dos eletroferogramas. As sequências consenso tinham um tamanho de 1032 pb (compreendendo os aminoácido 1-344 da rt). Estas sequências foram submetidas ao banco de dados HBVrt DB (Stanford University, EUA) para a análise de cada mutação de acordo com o genótipo e tratamento. Resultado: O genótipo A1 foi o mais prevalente (85,2%) seguido pelo genótipo A2 (4,9%) F (6,2%) e C1, D2 e D4 (1,2% cada). Seis pacientes (7 %) apresentaram mutações de resistência para LAM, ETV, TDF: dois com o padrão L180M + M204V e quatro com padrões diversos (L80I + L180M + M204I ;L80V + L180M + M204V; M204I; A194T). Todas estas mutações foram associadas ao genótipo A (quatro A1 e dois A2). Além disso, foi encontrado um paciente com HBV genótipo C típico do leste da Ásia. Destes pacientes, dois foram virgens de tratamento e quatro tinham histórico de tratamento para HIV ou HBV. Foram detectadas quatro mutações no gene S (três casos com a mutação sI195M e um a mutação sW196L) associadas às mutações do domínio rt do gene P, correspondendo à uma taxa de 6% de mutações de escape vacinal. A prevalência das mutações de resistência às drogas antivirais variou de acordo com a duração do tratamento e com o nível da barreira genética da droga utilizada. Neste estudo, foi encontrada uma forte associação entre a ocorrência de mutações de resistência do HBV e positividade para o AgHBe, co-infecção com o HIV e histórico de tratamento para HBV e/ou HIV. Conclusão: Antes da terapia ser iniciada é extremamente importante o monitoramento da carga viral e a identificação destas mutações para suportar decisões clinicas sobre o manejo dos pacientes e prevenir a emergência de vírus multi- resistentes.
Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a public health issue. The Brazilian public health system (SUS) has provided antiviral drugs for chronic hepatitis B treatment for over 10 years, but a system for monitoring for drug-related resistance mutations is not available. Objective: This study aims to determine the presence of HBV mutations associated with resistance to nucleos(t)ide analogs among 81 patients with chronic HBV infection-naïve and treated from University Hospital Professor Edgard Santos, Salvador-BA (HUPES-UFBA). Methods: Briefly, HBV-DNA was PCR amplified with primers deduced from the flanking of the rt domain at the HBV P gene and sequenced using ABI Prism 3730 (Applied Biosystems, USA). From two to six forward and reverse sequences of each isolate were assembled and conflicting sites were resolved using software CLC Main Workbench v. 5.0 by visual inspection of the electropherograms. Consensus sequence extended 1032 bp and encompassed the entire rt domain (from amino acid 1 to 344). Those sequences were submitted to the HBV drug resistance database (HBVrt DB, Stanford University, USA) to retrieve each mutation according to genotype and treatment. Results: HBV genotype A1 (85.2%) was the most prevalent followed by genotype A2 (4.9%), F (6.2%), and C1, D2 and D4 (1.2% each). Six patients (7%) exhibited resistance mutations to LAM, ETV and TDF: two with patterns L180M + M204V and four with other different patterns: L80I + L180M + M204I; L80V + L180M + M204V; M204I; A194T. All of these mutations were present in patients with genotype A (four A1 and two A2). Furthermore, this study found one patient with genotype C, common in East Asian. Of these patients, two were naïve and four had a history of treatment for HIV or HBV. In addition, four mutations in gene S (sI195M three cases with the mutation and one with the mutations W196L) associated with mutations in the rt domain of the P gene were detected, corresponding to a rate of 6% of vaccine escape mutations. Prevalence of drug-related resistance mutations varied according to treatment duration and the level of genetic barrier for the drugs used. Conclusion: In this study a strong association was found between the occurrence of HBV resistance mutations and HBeAg positivity, co-infection with HIV and a history of treatment for HBV and / or HIV. Once the drug therapy is initiated it is extremely important to monitor viral load and identify those mutations in order to support clinical decisions about patient management and also to prevent the emergence of multidrug-resistant viruses.
RIVIER, COVAS CORINNE. "Syndrome de periarterite noueuse lie au virus de l'hepatite b : a propos de 3 observations." Montpellier 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON11282.
Full textCAILLETTE, AGNES. "Infection par le virus de l'hepatite b en transplantation renale : etude de 140 patients greffes entre 1977 et 1987." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO1M333.
Full textCausse, Xavier. "Interet de l'adn polymerase du virus de l'hepatite b dans l'evaluation therapeutique des hepatites chroniques a vhb seul." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO1M125.
Full textKHETTOU, CHRISTOPHE. "Prevalence des infections a virus b et v. I. H. Chez les toxicomanes intraveineux incarceres aux prisons de lyon." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO1M185.
Full textBachelot, Etienne. "Production in vitro par les lymphocytes circulants d'anticorps spécifiques du virus de l'hépatite B." Montpellier 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON11212.
Full textThermet, Alexandre. "Étude de l'efficacité de thérapies combinées associant l'immunisation génétique et des molécules antivirales contre l'hépatite B chronique." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10009.
Full textTurlin, Bruno. "Hepatites chroniques actives virales non a non b et c : etude anatomo-pathologique de 71 cas ; correlations anatomo-cliniques et biologiques." Rennes 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991REN1M036.
Full textLAUGERY, ALAIN. "Traitement des hepatites chroniques dues au virus de l'hepatite b par l'association corticoides-interferon : a propos de huit observations personnelles et revue de la litterature." Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE6820.
Full textPayan, Christopher. "Developpement d'une pcr competitive et alternative etablissant la replication des genomes des virus d'hepatites b et c in vitro." Paris 11, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA114811.
Full textSunyach, Claire. "Etude du rôle des protéines d'enveloppe du virus de l'hépatite B du canard dans la neutralisaiton virale et l'interaction avec l'hépatocyte." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10024.
Full textCheinquer, Hugo. "Doenca hepatica cronica pelo virus c : relacao entre quantificacao viral, aspectos demograficos, laboratoriais e histopatologicos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/139230.
Full textMartelli, Celina Maria Turchi. "Associação entre hanseníase e infecção pelo vírus da hepatite B: estudo de caso-controle." Universidade de São Paulo, 1995. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6132/tde-05022018-112530/.
Full textA case-control study was conducted in Goiânia, Central Brazil, a highly endemic area for leprosy and Iow endemic region for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The purpose was to investigate the association between leprosy types and hepatitis B infection. The spatial distribution of leprosy in urban area was assessed. Between 1992 and 1993, newly detected leprosy cases (N=855) were investigated and 600 cases lived in the urban area. They were classified in multibacillary (31.3 per cent ), paucibacillary (51.8 per cent ) and probable cases (16.8 per cent ) according to histopathological and baciloscopic exams, independently of the leprosy control routine. The majority of multibacillary cases was males. Detection rates of leprosy were calculated by mapping cases and several risk strata were identified by using exploratory data analysis. This methodology seems to be particularly useful for targeting control activities in urban areas. Cases were 552 leprosy patients from the urban area and adjacent counties, between the ages of 1O and 70 years who self-referred or were referred to the main outpatient clinic for treatment in the region. 552 controls were selected from among self-referred outpatients from 7 health centers geographically located in areas where the cases came from. The main criteria for eligibility for control subjects was that they must not have any signs or symptoms indicative of leprosy. Blood samples were collected for all participants to determine serological markers of HBV infection and tested by enzyme immunoabsorbent assay technique (ELISA). Cases and controls were interviewed in order to evaluate risk factors for leprosy and hepatitis B vírus (HBV) infection. Prevalence of HBV exposure (anti-HBc), immunity (anti-HBs) and carrier status (AgHBs) were compared among cases and controls. Cases and controls were also compared for age, sex, socio-economic conditions, nutritional status, BCG scars and previous hospitalization. The participants had similar socio-economic pattern and also nutrition status, suggesting that the source of control selection was adequate for controlling for the most common confounding variables. BCG vaccine appeared to provide protection against multibacillary and paucibacillary types of leprosy and percentage of hospitalization was higher among cases. Prevalence of anti-HBc was similar among leprosy cases (18.1 per cent ) compared to controls (19.6 per cent ). An analysis of association between anti-HBc infection and leprosy types in terms of odds ratio, calculated by polytomous logistic regression, showed no positive association: multibacillary (OR=0.9 CI95 per cent 0.7-1.3); paucibacillary (OR= 1.0 CI95 per cent 0.7-1.3) and probable (OR= 1.1 CI95 per cent 0.8-1.5). The main findings of the case-control study were: (i) cases and controls had similar leveis of viral exposure, immune and carrier status (íi) the persistence of antigen response (PPI) was low among cases and controls respectively; (iii) ELISA índices were similar among multibacillary, paucibacillary and control group indicating that all participants mount antibody response to viral infection. In conclusion, there was no association between multibacillary leprosy and HBV infection in this setting.
Jardim, Ruth Nogueira Cordeiro de Moraes. "Infecção oculta pelo virus da hepatite B em pacientes hemodialisados e em pacientes infectados pelo virus da imunodeficiencia humana." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/309352.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: A infecção oculta pelo VHB é caracterizada pela presença do DNA-VHB em indivíduos com o antígeno de superfície (HBsAg) indetectável. A prevalência e significado clínico desta infecção ainda não são totalmente conhecidos. Este trabalho teve por objetivo determinar a prevalência de infecção oculta pelo VHB em dois grupos de pacientes imunossuprimidos (pacientes em tratamento por hemodiálise e pacientes HIV positivos) com anti-HBc positivo co-infectados ou não pelo vírus da hepatite C (VHC). Foi investigada uma possível correlação entre prevalência do DNA-VHB e carga viral, níveis de CD4, fatores de risco e administração de lamivudina no grupo de HIV positivos. O primeiro grupo (G1) foi formado por 34 pacientes hemodialisados que eram HBsAg negativo/anti-HIV negativo. O segundo grupo (G2) formado por 159 pacientes infectados pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (anti-HIV positivo) e HBsAg negativo. Foi utilizado como grupo controle (G3), 150 doadores de sangue com marcadores sorológicos negativos para o HBsAg e para o HIV, mas reagentes para o anti-HBc. A pesquisa do DNA do VHB foi realizada pela PCR ?in house? , segundo a técnica de Kaneko et al. (1989), utilizando-se ?primers? específicos da região do core do VHB (limite de detecção 100 cópias/ml). Entre os pacientes hemodialisados, a infecção oculta não esteve presente, talvez devido ao controle da infecção pelo VHB nestes centros, pela adoção das medidas de precauções universais e imunização específica por vacinação contra o VHB que possivelmente, foram eficazes para evitar a presença de infecção oculta pelo VHB. A prevalência de positividade do VHB-DNA entre os pacientes HIV positivos foi de 5,03% (8/159). Este dado mostrou que não houve diferença significativa entre o grupo HIV positivo e o grupo controle (5,03% x 4%). De acordo com estes resultados, provavelmente, a imunossupressão nestes pacientes HIV positivos não foi fator determinante na prevalência de infecção oculta. O DNA-VHB foi observado independente da presença do anti-HBs nos pacientes HIV positivos coinfectados ou não pelo VHC. Esta observação sugere que o anti-HBs não foi capaz de proteger, na totalidade, os pacientes. A prevalência de infecção oculta pelo vírus da hepatite B não foi diferente entre os grupos estudados, HIV positivos e doadores de sangue. Não foi observada associação entre contagem de CD4, carga viral, fator de risco e nem à utilização da lamivudina como parte do tratamento anti-retroviral e ocorrência de hepatite B oculta
Abstract: Occult hepatitis B virus infection is characterized by presence of HBV-DNA in individuals with undetectable hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). The prevalence and clinical significance of this infection remain incompletely defined. The aim of this study was to determinate the prevalence of occult HBV infection between two immunosuppressed populations (maintenance haemodialysis patients and HIV positive patients) with anti-HBc positive, co-infected or not with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Possible correlations were investigated between prevalence of HBV-DNA, viral load, CD4 levels, risk factors and lamivudina administration in the HIV group. The first group (G1) was formed by 34 hemodialysed patients that were HBsAg negative/anti-HIV negative. The second group (G2) formed by 159 human immunodeficiency virus infected patients (anti- HIV positive) and HBsAg negative. Used as a control group (G3), 150 blood donors with serologic markers negative to HBsAg and HIV, but positive for anti-HBc. HBV-DNA testing was performed using ?in house? nested PCR as described by Kaneko et al. and was detected using specific primers derivated from core regions of HBV genome (detection limit 100 copies / ml). Occult hepatitis B virus infection was absent in hemodialysis patients may be due the control of HBV infection in these centers, by adoption universal precautions measures and specific immunization by hepatitis B vaccination perhaps were effective to avoid occult HBV infection. The prevalence of HBV-DNA in HIV positive patients was 5,03% (8/159). This data showed that there was not significant difference between group HIV positive and control (5,03% x 4%). According these results probably the Immunosuppression in this HIV positive patients were not a determinant factor in prevalence of occult infection. The HBV-DNA was observed independent the presence of anti-HBs in HIV positive patients co-infected or not by HCV. This observation suggest that anti-HBs was not able to protect in the totality this patents. The prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus infection was not different among the group studied HIV positive patients and blood donors. It was not observed association between CD4 cell count, viral load, risk factor or treatment antiretroviral with lamivudine and occurrence of occult hepatitis B
Mestrado
Ciencias Basicas
Mestre em Clinica Medica
MURATET, CHRISTIANE. "Contribution au controle de la qualite des gants et doigtiers utilises par les agents de sante : etude de la permeabilite aux virus et consequences pratiques." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989CLF13809.
Full textSAURIN, JEAN-CHRISTOPHE. "Hepatocarcinome et infection par le virus vhb : etude de l'expression d'oncogenes dans un modele animal, la marmotte." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO1M143.
Full textBréas, Henri. "Epidemie d'hepatite virale a virus b en pouponniere (personnel et enfants) : resultats, cinq ans plus tard, de la vaccino-prophylaxie." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO1M082.
Full textTonetto, Priscila Aparecida. "Analise molecular dos genotipos do virus da hepatite B em pacientes do estado de São Paulo, sudeste do Brasil." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/309353.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: O vírus da hepatite B (VHB) pode ser classificado em oito principais genótipos (A-H), e essa classificação tem uma distribuição geográfica determinada. Os genótipos do VHB podem influenciar na progressão de doença. O objetivo foi determinar os genótipos e os subtipos do VHB e correlacioná-los com as variáveis clínicas epidemiológicas, laboratoriais e histológicas. Foram determinados os genótipos de 139 amostras de soro de pacientes infectados pelo VHB, coletadas em Campinas, no estado de São Paulo, Brasil. O método para genotipagem utilizado foi o seqüenciamento parcial do gene S do VHB. Os primers utilizados foram desenhados a partir de seqüências do gene S, com genótipo determinado, depositadas no GenBank. Todas as seqüências obtidas foram comparadas com as seqüências depositadas no GenBank para determinação dos genótipos. O genótipo A (55%) do VHB foi o mais predominante na população, seguido pelos genótipos C (3%), D (38%) e F (4%). Entre os pacientes infectados pelos genótipos A e D, observou-se uma provável descendência africana de 18% (14/76) e 11% (6/53), respectivamente. Entre os quatro pacientes infectados pelo genótipo C, dois possuíam descendência asiática e dois eram caucasianos. Todos os pacientes infectados pelo genótipo F eram caucasianos sem ascendência indígena relatada. Aproximadamente 30% dos pacientes eram HBeAg positivo e 70% eram HBeAg negativo. A carga viral do DNA-VHB foi aproximadamente cinco vezes mais alta entre os HBeAg positivo quando comparada aos HBeAg negativo. Os genótipos A e D são os mais prevalentes entre os pacientes, aparentemente em virtude da imigração européia em nossa região
Abstract: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) can be classified into eight major genotypes (A-H) that have mainly a geographic distribution. The HBV genotype may influence disease progression. Our objective was to determine the genotypes and the subtypes of HBV and to correlate them with the with variables clinical epidemiologies, laboratories and histological. Hepatitis B virus genotypes were determined in 139 plasma samples collected in Campinas, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil from HBV-infected patients. A method for genotyping hepatitis B virus by partial HBsAg gene sequencing with primers common to all known genotypes was developed. The results of sequencing corresponded to those found in HBV isolates obtained from GenBank, including all of the known HBV genotypes. HBV genotype A was predominant in our sample, appearing in 76 patients (55%), while genotypes C, D and F was found in 4 (3%), 53 (38%) and 6 (4%) of the patients, respectively. Among the patients infected by genotypes A and D, were observed a probably African descendents of the 18.3% (14/76) and 11.3% (6/53), respectively. Among the genotype C infected patients, 2 (50%) were of Asian descendents and 2 were Caucasians. The genotype F infected patients were all Caucasians without told indigenous origin. About 30% of the patients were HBeAg positive and 70% were HBeAg negative. The viral load of HBV-DNA was about 5 times higher among HBeAg positive than in HBeAg-negative patients. Genotypes A and D were the most prevalent among our HBV-infected patients, apparently a consequence of the types of immigration to our region
Mestrado
Ciencias Basicas
Mestre em Ciências Médicas
Le, Guerhier Franck. "Mécanismes de l'inhibition de la transcriptase inverse des hépadnavirus et de l'élimination virale induites par de nouveaux analogues de nucléosides et de nouvelles stratégies thérapeutiques, dans les modèles animaux de l'hépatite B." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO10137.
Full textDuflot-Dancer, Agnès. "Étude de la contribution de l'aflatoxine B1 et de l'infection par le virus de l'hépatite B dans l'oncogenèse hépatique à l'aide d'un modèle animal." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO1T190.
Full textChassot, Sylvie. "Identification des régions de la protéine pré-S du virus de l'hépatite B du canard impliquées dans la neutralisation virale." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10228.
Full textPerie, Geneviève. "Contribution à l'étude de l'expression de l'antigène pré S1 sérique chez 181 patients." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05P026.
Full textMalavaud, Sandra. "Exposition professionnelle, moyens de prevention et attitudes vis-a-vis des patients infectes par les virus de l'hepatite b et de l'immunodeficience humaine : une enquete parmi le personnel hospitalier du chu de toulouse (1988)." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU31509.
Full textTisne, Bertrand. "Dermatopolymyosite, VIH, VHB et corticothérapie au long cours." Bordeaux 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR25408.
Full textJEAN, GUILLAUME. "Polyradiculonevrite aigue d'evolution prolongee chez un porteur chronique du virus b : echanges plasmatiques au long cours." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO1M014.
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