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Academic literature on the topic 'Virus Physiological Processes'
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Journal articles on the topic "Virus Physiological Processes"
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Pyrih, O. V. "INCREASED VIRAL-RESISTANCE OF YELLOW LUPINE UNDER THE ACTION OF MICROBIAL PREPARATIONS AND PHYSIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES." Agriciltural microbiology 24 (October 9, 2016): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.35868/1997-3004.24.59-63.
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The influence of microbial preparations and physiologically active substances on the reproduction bean yellow mosaic virus in yellow lupine plants has been investigated. It was established that the action of microbial preparations on the limitation of the viral infection development is explained by the influence of exogenous physiologically active substances, which are contained in preparations and produced by the microorganisms introduced in agrocenosis, on the forming of endogenous phytohormone pool. Therefore, it optimizes a number of physiological processes of the plants and activates their defence reactions.
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Zhao, Shizhen, and Honggang Wang. "EVA1A Plays an Important Role by Regulating Autophagy in Physiological and Pathological Processes." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 12 (June 8, 2021): 6181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126181.
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Eva-1 homolog A (EVA1A) is regarded as TMEM166 (transmembrane protein 166) or FAM176A (family with sequence similarity 176) and a lysosome and endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein involved in regulating autophagy and apoptosis. EVA1A regulates embryonic neurogenesis, cardiac remodeling, islet alpha-cell functions, acute liver failure, and hepatitis B virus replication. However, the related mechanisms are not fully clear. Autophagy is a process in which cells transfer pathogens, abnormal proteins and organelles to lysosomes for degradation. It plays an important role in various physiological and pathological processes, including cancer, aging, neurodegeneration, infection, heart disease, development, cell differentiation and nutritional starvation. Recently, there are many studies on the important role of EVA1A in many physiological and pathological processes by regulating autophagy. However, the related molecular mechanisms need further study. Therefore, we summarize the above-mentioned researches about the role of EVA1A in physiological and pathological processes through regulating autophagy in order to provide theoretical basis for future researches.
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Štrukelj, Melita, Jaka RAZINGER, Barbara GRUBAR, Uroš ŽIBRAT, Irena MAVRIČ PLEŠKO, Dominik Vodnik, and Gregor UREK. "Fiziološki odziv žlahtne vinske trte Vitis vinifera L. na okužbo z zvijanjem listov vinske trte povezanih virusov (GLRaV-1 in GLRaV-1 + GLRaV-3)." Acta agriculturae Slovenica 107, no. 2 (October 26, 2016): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2016.107.2.22.
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Grapevine leafroll disease is one of the most severe viral diseases of grapevine caused by Grapevine leafroll-associated viruses (GLRaVs). Physiological processes were monitored on grapevines with single (GLRaV-1) and mixed (GLRaV-1 and GLRaV -3) viral infection under greenhouse conditions from June to September, in vegetation period 2014. In the mid of the season (July) negative effects of the virus infections on physiological processes were more severe in mixed than in single infection. The net-photosynthesis (Pn) of the leaves infected with GLRaV-1 and GLRaV-3 reached only a half of the Pn in GLRaV-1 infected grapevines. Similar reduction was found for stomatal conductance, transpiration and parameters related to photochemical efficiency (electron transport rate).
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Williams, C. K. "Development and use of virus-vectored immunocontraception." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 9, no. 1 (1997): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/r96063.
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Virus-vectored immunocontraception (VVIC) is perceived to present biological risks, real or baseless, which create social and political constraints to deploying VVIC for managing vertebrate pests. Developing and deploying VVIC must be justified and address biological, social and political risks. Future needs for pest management will influence deployment of VVIC. Projections of human society and pest impact on agriculture and conservation suggest increasing need for cost-beneficial strategies. Best strategies are likely to integrate various methods, possibly including forms of VVIC. Processes identifying future pest impacts and roles for VVIC are shown using the rabbit in Australia. Present research developing VVIC aims to test physiological feasibility, to develop it for specific pests, and address aspects of ecological feasibility. Minimizing biological risks through choosing species-specific antigens and, if possible, viral vectors, is central and overseen by regulatory authorities. International collaborators study related valued species to develop protective strategies. Excellent science can withstand legal or public challenge to safe and cost-beneficial VVIC if aided by information needed by the public exposed to media distortion of scientific debate, complex argument and concepts of probability and risk. Sound science needs support from strategies for public processes to enable cost-beneficial management of vertebrate pests.
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Li, Xiaofei, Qi Wang, Yanni Gao, Xiaole Qi, Yongqiang Wang, Honglei Gao, Yulong Gao, and Xiaomei Wang. "Quantitative iTRAQ LC-MS/MS Proteomics Reveals the Proteome Profiles of DF-1 Cells after Infection with Subgroup J Avian Leukosis Virus." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/395307.
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Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) is an avian oncogenic retrovirus that can induce various clinical tumors and has caused severe economic losses in China. To improve our understanding of the host cellular responses to virus infection and the pathogenesis of ALV-J infection, we applied isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) labeling coupled with multidimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to detect the protein changes in DF-1 cells infected and mock-infected with ALV-J. A total of 75 cellular proteins were significantly changed, including 33 upregulated proteins and 42 downregulated proteins. The reliability of iTRAQ-LC MS/MS was confirmed via real-time PCR. Most of these proteins were related to the physiological functions of metabolic processes, biosynthetic processes, responses to stimuli, protein binding, signal transduction, cell cytoskeleton, and so forth. We also found some proteins that play important roles in apoptosis and oncogenicity. The differentially expressed proteins identified may provide valuable information to elucidate the pathogenesis of virus infection and virus-host interactions.
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Monette, Anne, and Andrew J. Mouland. "Zinc and Copper Ions Differentially Regulate Prion-Like Phase Separation Dynamics of Pan-Virus Nucleocapsid Biomolecular Condensates." Viruses 12, no. 10 (October 18, 2020): 1179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12101179.
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Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) is a rapidly growing research focus due to numerous demonstrations that many cellular proteins phase-separate to form biomolecular condensates (BMCs) that nucleate membraneless organelles (MLOs). A growing repertoire of mechanisms supporting BMC formation, composition, dynamics, and functions are becoming elucidated. BMCs are now appreciated as required for several steps of gene regulation, while their deregulation promotes pathological aggregates, such as stress granules (SGs) and insoluble irreversible plaques that are hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases. Treatment of BMC-related diseases will greatly benefit from identification of therapeutics preventing pathological aggregates while sparing BMCs required for cellular functions. Numerous viruses that block SG assembly also utilize or engineer BMCs for their replication. While BMC formation first depends on prion-like disordered protein domains (PrLDs), metal ion-controlled RNA-binding domains (RBDs) also orchestrate their formation. Virus replication and viral genomic RNA (vRNA) packaging dynamics involving nucleocapsid (NC) proteins and their orthologs rely on Zinc (Zn) availability, while virus morphology and infectivity are negatively influenced by excess Copper (Cu). While virus infections modify physiological metal homeostasis towards an increased copper to zinc ratio (Cu/Zn), how and why they do this remains elusive. Following our recent finding that pan-retroviruses employ Zn for NC-mediated LLPS for virus assembly, we present a pan-virus bioinformatics and literature meta-analysis study identifying metal-based mechanisms linking virus-induced BMCs to neurodegenerative disease processes. We discover that conserved degree and placement of PrLDs juxtaposing metal-regulated RBDs are associated with disease-causing prion-like proteins and are common features of viral proteins responsible for virus capsid assembly and structure. Virus infections both modulate gene expression of metalloproteins and interfere with metal homeostasis, representing an additional virus strategy impeding physiological and cellular antiviral responses. Our analyses reveal that metal-coordinated virus NC protein PrLDs initiate LLPS that nucleate pan-virus assembly and contribute to their persistence as cell-free infectious aerosol droplets. Virus aerosol droplets and insoluble neurological disease aggregates should be eliminated by physiological or environmental metals that outcompete PrLD-bound metals. While environmental metals can control virus spreading via aerosol droplets, therapeutic interference with metals or metalloproteins represent additional attractive avenues against pan-virus infection and virus-exacerbated neurological diseases.
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Hing, Stephanie, Edward J. Narayan, R. C. Andrew Thompson, and Stephanie S. Godfrey. "The relationship between physiological stress and wildlife disease: consequences for health and conservation." Wildlife Research 43, no. 1 (2016): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr15183.
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Wildlife populations are under increasing pressure from a variety of threatening processes, ranging from climate change to habitat loss, that can incite a physiological stress response. The stress response influences immune function, with potential consequences for patterns of infection and transmission of disease among and within wildlife, domesticated animals and humans. This is concerning because stress may exacerbate the impact of disease on species vulnerable to extinction, with consequences for biodiversity conservation globally. Furthermore, stress may shape the role of wildlife in the spread of emerging infectious diseases (EID) such as Hendra virus (HeV) and Ebola virus. However, we still have a limited understanding of the influence of physiological stress on infectious disease in wildlife. We highlight key reasons why an improved understanding of the relationship between stress and wildlife disease could benefit conservation, and animal and public health, and discuss approaches for future investigation. In particular, we recommend that increased attention be given to the influence of anthropogenic stressors including climate change, habitat loss and management interventions on disease dynamics in wildlife populations.
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Filgueira, Luis, Alexey Larionov, and Nils Lannes. "The Influence of Virus Infection on Microglia and Accelerated Brain Aging." Cells 10, no. 7 (July 20, 2021): 1836. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10071836.
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Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system contributing substantially to health and disease. There is increasing evidence that inflammatory microglia may induce or accelerate brain aging, by interfering with physiological repair and remodeling processes. Many viral infections affect the brain and interfere with microglia functions, including human immune deficiency virus, flaviviruses, SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and human herpes viruses. Especially chronic viral infections causing low-grade neuroinflammation may contribute to brain aging. This review elucidates the potential role of various neurotropic viruses in microglia-driven neurocognitive deficiencies and possibly accelerated brain aging.
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López-Cortés, Georgina I., Miryam Palacios-Pérez, Margarita M. Hernández-Aguilar, Hannya F. Veledíaz, and Marco V. José. "Human Coronavirus Cell Receptors Provide Challenging Therapeutic Targets." Vaccines 11, no. 1 (January 13, 2023): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11010174.
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Coronaviruses interact with protein or carbohydrate receptors through their spike proteins to infect cells. Even if the known protein receptors for these viruses have no evolutionary relationships, they do share ontological commonalities that the virus might leverage to exacerbate the pathophysiology. ANPEP/CD13, DPP IV/CD26, and ACE2 are the three protein receptors that are known to be exploited by several human coronaviruses. These receptors are moonlighting enzymes involved in several physiological processes such as digestion, metabolism, and blood pressure regulation; moreover, the three proteins are expressed in kidney, intestine, endothelium, and other tissues/cell types. Here, we spot the commonalities between the three enzymes, the physiological functions of the enzymes are outlined, and how blocking either enzyme results in systemic deregulations and multi-organ failures via viral infection or therapeutic interventions is addressed. It can be difficult to pinpoint any coronavirus as the target when creating a medication to fight them, due to the multiple processes that receptors are linked to and their extensive expression.
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Horníková, Lenka, Kateřina Bruštíková, Sandra Huérfano, and Jitka Forstová. "Nuclear Cytoskeleton in Virus Infection." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 1 (January 5, 2022): 578. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23010578.
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The nuclear lamina is the main component of the nuclear cytoskeleton that maintains the integrity of the nucleus. However, it represents a natural barrier for viruses replicating in the cell nucleus. The lamina blocks viruses from being trafficked to the nucleus for replication, but it also impedes the nuclear egress of the progeny of viral particles. Thus, viruses have evolved mechanisms to overcome this obstacle. Large viruses induce the assembly of multiprotein complexes that are anchored to the inner nuclear membrane. Important components of these complexes are the viral and cellular kinases phosphorylating the lamina and promoting its disaggregation, therefore allowing virus egress. Small viruses also use cellular kinases to induce lamina phosphorylation and the subsequent disruption in order to facilitate the import of viral particles during the early stages of infection or during their nuclear egress. Another component of the nuclear cytoskeleton, nuclear actin, is exploited by viruses for the intranuclear movement of their particles from the replication sites to the nuclear periphery. This study focuses on exploitation of the nuclear cytoskeleton by viruses, although this is just the beginning for many viruses, and promises to reveal the mechanisms and dynamic of physiological and pathological processes in the nucleus.
Books on the topic "Virus Physiological Processes"
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Swanson, Michele, and William T. Jackson. Autophagy, infection, and the immune response. Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley Blackwell, 2015.
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Jackson, William T., and Michele S. Swanson. Autophagy, Infection, and the Immune Response. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2014.
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Swanson, Michele, and William T. Jackson. Autophagy, Infection, and the Immune Response. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2014.
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Jackson, William T., and Michele S. Swanson. Autophagy, Infection, and the Immune Response. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2014.
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Jackson, William T., and Michele S. Swanson. Autophagy, Infection, and the Immune Response. Wiley & Sons, Limited, John, 2014.
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M, Hardy Leslie, and Institute of Medicine (U.S.). Committee on Prenatal and Newborn Screening for HIV Infection., eds. HIV screening of pregnant women and newborns. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press, 1991.
Find full textConference papers on the topic "Virus Physiological Processes"
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MEJAN, O., M. DELEZAY, V. FERT, R. CHEBALLAH, and A. BOURGOIS. "IMMUNOPURIFICATI0N OF FVIII/vWF FROM PLASMA." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644061.
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At present, antihemophilic factor concentrates available for hemophilia A therapy raise some problems :- weak recovery of FVIIIC (20 to 25%)- specific activity generaly lower than 5IU/mg- loss of a large part of the von Willebrand factor, carrier of the FVIIIC- necessity to inactivate viral contaminants by treatments which induce a decrease in FVIII recovery. To solve these difficulties, an immunopurification process has been developed directly from plasma. A mouse monoclonal antibody (MAb) toward vWF, able to bind the FVIII/vWF complex under physiologic conditions and to release it in a suitable elution buffer preserving the FVIIIC activity has been selected. MAb coupling chemistry on gel beads has been optimised. The immunopurification process developed allows to treat 12 to 19 Liters of plasma with one gram of antibody in each cycle (i.e. 6h.). Immunoadsorbant can be used during 10 cycles with standard quality plasma and with an average recovery of 50% for FVIIIC. This process warrants an important elimination of contaminant virus (104 for HBs) an a release of the mouse MAb in purified FVIII lower than 10-9 M . These properties could justify an industrial application of this immunopurification process to produce therapeutic hemophilia A fractions.
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Yuy, N. D., N. N. Malyutina, and E. A. Leskovets. "THE MAIN ASPECTS OF THE LOCOMOTIVE WORKERS’ INDUSTRIAL MEDICAL REHABILITATION AFTER COVID-19." In The 16th «OCCUPATION and HEALTH» Russian National Congress with International Participation (OHRNC-2021). FSBSI “IRIOH”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/978-5-6042929-2-1-2021-1-601-606.
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Annotation. This article highlights the issues of workers’ industrial medical rehabilitation, one of the leading professions of railway transport who had already had COVID 19. There is a main aspect is the data of the studies carried out for the period 2020-2021 there on the basis of the Center for Restorative Medicine and Rehabilitation of the Private Healthcare Institution KB "Russian Railways-Medicine" Yekaterinburg and the Clinical Hospital of the ChUZ of Perm together with the Department of Faculty Therapy No. 2 of Occupational Pathology and Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics of PSMU im. Wagner. Proceeding from the fact that the institutions of Russian Railways-Medicine are the main link in maintaining the health of the transport system of JSC Russian Railways employees. Methods: On the basis of the rehabilitation department in Yekaterinburg, express questionnaires about quality of life were developed and implemented for JSC Russian Railways employees after this disease. The questionnaires included a subjective assessment of the physiological, psychological, and emotional state of Russian Railways employees (able-bodied) who had recovered in the near future and those who had not more than six months after the illness. The total number of people who have recovered since the beginning of the pandemic is about 4,000. The questionnaires received on feedback from 761 people were processed. In the structure of the interviewed by gender: male - 47%, female - 53%, respondents who have had mild and moderate forms of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19). In the research and analysis of the material obtained, the criteria for selection for rehabilitation were identified, taking into account age and gender status, as well as the need for rehabilitation measures. The obtained data were compared with the research data of the Department of Faculty Therapy No. 2, Occupational Pathology and Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics of the Vagner State Medical Academy, Perm. Results: The study results are used in the development of rehabilitation programs and are also aimed at reducing industrial risks and hazards arising in the railway transport when performing functions by employees of locomotive crews who returned to production activities in the early period after this infection. Since, in combination with postcovid symptoms, the influence of production factors, the “specificity of the human factor”, can lead to serious consequences, both in health and in the performance of their labor duties on the infrastructure of railway transport, which is an increased danger zone. We have found that rehabilitation measures must be carried out for all employees of Russian Railways who have been ill, regardless of gender, age and degree of lung damage. In our opinion, an important marker for the understanding of functional disorders in postcoid symptomatology is the neutropicity of the virus, its penetration and damage to the limbic system, those important departments responsible for the regulation of general changes in brain activation that affect the integrity of functioning.
Reports on the topic "Virus Physiological Processes"
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Wolf, Shmuel, and William J. Lucas. Involvement of the TMV-MP in the Control of Carbon Metabolism and Partitioning in Transgenic Plants. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1999.7570560.bard.
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The function of the 30-kilodalton movement protein (MP) of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is to facilitate cell-to-cell movement of viral progeny in infected plants. Our earlier findings have indicated that this protein has a direct effect on plasmodesmal function. In addition, these studies demonstrated that constitutive expression of the TMV MP gene (under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter) in transgenic tobacco plants significantly affects carbon metabolism in source leaves and alters the biomass distribution between the various plant organs. The long-term goal of the proposed research was to better understand the factors controlling carbon translocation in plants. The specific objectives were: A) To introduce into tobacco and potato plants a virally-encoded (TMV-MP) gene that affects plasmodesmal functioning and photosynthate partitioning under tissue-specific promoters. B) To introduce into tobacco and potato plants the TMV-MP gene under the control of promoters which are tightly repressed by the Tn10-encoded Tet repressor, to enable the expression of the protein by external application of tetracycline. C) To explore the mechanism by which the TMV-MP interacts with the endogenous control o~ carbon allocation. Data obtained in our previous project together with the results of this current study established that the TMV-MP has pleiotropic effects when expressed in transgenic tobacco plants. In addition to its ability to increase the plasmodesmal size exclusion limit, it alters carbohydrate metabolism in source leaves and dry matter partitioning between the various plant organs, Expression of the TMV-MP in various tissues of transgenic potato plants indicated that sugars and starch levels in source leaves are reduced below those of control plants when the TMV-MP is expressed in green tissue only. However, when the TMV-MP was expressed predominantly in PP and CC, sugar and starch levels were raised above those of control plants. Perhaps the most significant result obtained from experiments performed on transgenic potato plants was the discovery that the influence of the TMV-MP on carbohydrate allocation within source leaves was under developmental control and was exerted only during tuber development. The complexity of the mode by which the TMV-MP exerts its effect on the process of carbohydrate allocation was further demonstrated when transgenic tobacco plants were subjected to environmental stresses such as drought stress and nutrients deficiencies, Collectively, these studies indicated that the influence of the TMV-MP on carbon allocation L the result of protein-protein interaction within the source tissue. Based on these results, together with the findings that plasmodesmata potentiate the cell-to-cell trafficking of viral and endogenous proteins and nucleoproteins complexes, we developed the theme that at the whole plant level, the phloem serves as an information superhighway. Such a long-distance communication system may utilize a new class of signaling molecules (proteins and/or RNA) to co-ordinate photosynthesis and carbon/nitrogen metabolism in source leaves with the complex growth requirements of the plant under the prevailing environmental conditions. The discovery that expression of viral MP in plants can induce precise changes in carbon metabolism and photoassimilate allocation, now provide a conceptual foundation for future studies aimed at elucidating the communication network responsible for integrating photosynthetic productivity with resource allocation at the whole-plant level. Such information will surely provide an understanding of how plants coordinate the essential physiological functions performed by distantly-separated organs. Identification of the proteins involved in mediating and controlling cell-to-cell transport, especially at the companion cell-sieve element boundary, will provide an important first step towards achieving this goal.