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Journal articles on the topic 'Visual Cortex'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 July 2025

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1

Miller, K. D. "= Visual Cortex." Science 330, no. 6007 (2010): 1059–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1198857.

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2

Wlesel, Torsten N., and Charles D. Gilbert. "Visual cortex." Trends in Neurosciences 9 (January 1986): 509–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-2236(86)90161-x.

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3

Prakaash Banga, Ved. "Unique Location of Visual Cortex." Journal of Ophthalmology & Clinical Research 9, no. 2 (2025): 01–02. https://doi.org/10.33140/jocr.09.02.01.

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Importance of Eyes among Five Sense Organs There are five sense organs, touch is sensed by skin ,sound by the ears,smell by the nose, taste by the tongue and vision by the eyes. It is through the eyes only that we perceive about 80% information of the surroundings, the remaining four are only responsible for 20% information of the surroundings. The eyes are the most vital sense organs, but their even more important role lies in expressing emotions. How they instantly convey love or anger has never been a focus in ophthalmology, even though no other sense organ can express human feelings in the same way

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4

Kaufman, K. J. "The Cerebral Cortex: Visual Cortex." Archives of Ophthalmology 104, no. 8 (1986): 1141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archopht.1986.01050200047040.

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5

Cowey, A. "Cerebral Cortex, Vol. 3, Visual Cortex." Neuroscience 19, no. 3 (1986): 1023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0306-4522(86)90314-3.

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6

Hughes, John R. "Cerebral cortex. Vol. 3. Visual cortex." Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 63, no. 4 (1986): 392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-4694(86)90029-5.

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7

Taira, Masato, and Narumi Katsuyama. "Visual association cortex." Journal of Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Intelligent Informatics 18, no. 3 (2006): 377–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3156/jsoft.18.3_377.

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8

Tusa, Ronald J. "The Visual Cortex." American Journal of EEG Technology 26, no. 3 (1986): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00029238.1986.11080198.

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9

Hübener, Mark. "Mouse visual cortex." Current Opinion in Neurobiology 13, no. 4 (2003): 413–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0959-4388(03)00102-8.

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10

Tong, Frank. "Primary visual cortex and visual awareness." Nature Reviews Neuroscience 4, no. 3 (2003): 219–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrn1055.

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11

Beltramo, Riccardo, and Massimo Scanziani. "A collicular visual cortex: Neocortical space for an ancient midbrain visual structure." Science 363, no. 6422 (2019): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aau7052.

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Visual responses in the cerebral cortex are believed to rely on the geniculate input to the primary visual cortex (V1). Indeed, V1 lesions substantially reduce visual responses throughout the cortex. Visual information enters the cortex also through the superior colliculus (SC), but the function of this input on visual responses in the cortex is less clear. SC lesions affect cortical visual responses less than V1 lesions, and no visual cortical area appears to entirely rely on SC inputs. We show that visual responses in a mouse lateral visual cortical area called the postrhinal cortex are independent of V1 and are abolished upon silencing of the SC. This area outperforms V1 in discriminating moving objects. We thus identify a collicular primary visual cortex that is independent of the geniculo-cortical pathway and is capable of motion discrimination.

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12

La Chioma, Alessandro, and Mark Hübener. "Visual Cortex: Binocular Matchmaking." Current Biology 31, no. 4 (2021): R197—R199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.12.011.

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13

Grill-Spector, Kalanit, and Rafael Malach. "THE HUMAN VISUAL CORTEX." Annual Review of Neuroscience 27, no. 1 (2004): 649–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.neuro.27.070203.144220.

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14

Stern, Peter. "Another primary visual cortex." Science 363, no. 6422 (2019): 39.16–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.363.6422.39-p.

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15

Snodderly, M. "Awakening the visual cortex." Journal of Vision 3, no. 12 (2010): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/3.12.15.

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16

Martin, K. "Microcircuits in visual cortex." Current Opinion in Neurobiology 12, no. 4 (2002): 418–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0959-4388(02)00343-4.

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17

Mante, Valerio, and Matteo Carandini. "Visual Cortex: Seeing Motion." Current Biology 13, no. 23 (2003): R906—R908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2003.11.010.

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18

Poggio, Tomaso, and Thomas Serre. "Models of visual cortex." Scholarpedia 8, no. 4 (2013): 3516. http://dx.doi.org/10.4249/scholarpedia.3516.

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19

Jha, Vidyapati, Bineet Gupta, and Yogesh Pal. "MOONLIGHT AND VISUAL CORTEX." International Journal of Advanced Research 7, no. 10 (2019): 541–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/9863.

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20

Zeki, Semir. "The visual association cortex." Current Opinion in Neurobiology 3, no. 2 (1993): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0959-4388(93)90203-b.

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21

Zeng, Hang, Gereon R. Fink, and Ralph Weidner. "Visual Size Processing in Early Visual Cortex Follows Lateral Occipital Cortex Involvement." Journal of Neuroscience 40, no. 22 (2020): 4410–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.2437-19.2020.

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22

van den Hurk, Job, Marc Van Baelen, and Hans P. Op de Beeck. "Development of visual category selectivity in ventral visual cortex does not require visual experience." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 22 (2017): E4501—E4510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1612862114.

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To what extent does functional brain organization rely on sensory input? Here, we show that for the penultimate visual-processing region, ventral-temporal cortex (VTC), visual experience is not the origin of its fundamental organizational property, category selectivity. In the fMRI study reported here, we presented 14 congenitally blind participants with face-, body-, scene-, and object-related natural sounds and presented 20 healthy controls with both auditory and visual stimuli from these categories. Using macroanatomical alignment, response mapping, and surface-based multivoxel pattern analysis, we demonstrated that VTC in blind individuals shows robust discriminatory responses elicited by the four categories and that these patterns of activity in blind subjects could successfully predict the visual categories in sighted controls. These findings were confirmed in a subset of blind participants born without eyes and thus deprived from all light perception since conception. The sounds also could be decoded in primary visual and primary auditory cortex, but these regions did not sustain generalization across modalities. Surprisingly, although not as strong as visual responses, selectivity for auditory stimulation in visual cortex was stronger in blind individuals than in controls. The opposite was observed in primary auditory cortex. Overall, we demonstrated a striking similarity in the cortical response layout of VTC in blind individuals and sighted controls, demonstrating that the overall category-selective map in extrastriate cortex develops independently from visual experience.

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23

Schoups, Aniek A., and Ira B. Black. "Visual Experience Specifically Regulates Synaptic Molecules in Rat Visual Cortex." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 3, no. 3 (1991): 252–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.1991.3.3.252.

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To study environmental modulation of synaptic molecular structure, the major postsynaptic density protein (mPSDp) from rat visual cortex was monitored. This membrane component, a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subunit, was measured during normal postnatal development and after visual deprivation. Total synaptic membrane (SM) protein was used as an index of synapses as a whole. During the first 2 postnatal months, total SM protein in the visual cortex increased 32–fold. In contrast, the mPSDp increased 455–fold, indicating that different molecular components of the cortical synapse develop differentially. Exposure to complete darkness during the first 2 postnatal weeks prevented normal development of total SM protein in visual cortex, values reaching only 66% of normal. Moreover, environmental lighting preferentially modulated the mPSDp, which attained only 34% of the normal value after dark rearing. Thus, visual deprivation selectively inhibited the normal development of specific synaptic components. Moreover, experience-dependent modulation was area specific. In contrast to the marked effect in visual cortex, light deprivation did not alter synapses in the nonvisual parietal and prefrontal cortices. Finally, the modulation of visual cortex mPSDp was stage specific, since visual experience did not alter the synaptic protein in adults. Our results suggest that early visual experience selectively and specifically modifies molecular synaptic components in the visual cortex.

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24

Xie, Kei, and Bert Zhang. "Causal Role for Visual Cortex in Processing Visual Semantics." Communications in Humanities Research 55, no. 1 (2025): 27–33. https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/2024.21047.

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This article reviewed previous studies testing for the causal or correlational relationship between modality-specific brain regions (e.g. motor cortex) and processing of corresponding perceptual-motor semantics. The proposed experiment aimed to investigate the functional role of visual cortex in understanding visual-associated words by studying the selective effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to primary visual cortex on response time (RT) to visual-associated words in lexical decision task. Participants will receive either sham or true anodal-tDCS, then perform the auditory lexical decision task to decide if the stimulus is a word in English or a pseudoword word. The experimental prediction was that compared to sham tDCS, anodal tDCS will affect the RTs with visual-associated word stimuli significantly more than to nonvisual-associated word stimuli. If the experimental prediction is supported, then this experiment would provide additional empirical evidence for the embodied simulation hypothesis, whilst establishing a causal role for visual cortex in visual semantic processing.

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25

Chen, Ling-Chia, Pascale Sandmann, Jeremy D. Thorne, Martin G. Bleichner, and Stefan Debener. "Cross-Modal Functional Reorganization of Visual and Auditory Cortex in Adult Cochlear Implant Users Identified with fNIRS." Neural Plasticity 2016 (2016): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4382656.

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Cochlear implant (CI) users show higher auditory-evoked activations in visual cortex and higher visual-evoked activation in auditory cortex compared to normal hearing (NH) controls, reflecting functional reorganization of both visual and auditory modalities. Visual-evoked activation in auditory cortex is a maladaptive functional reorganization whereas auditory-evoked activation in visual cortex is beneficial for speech recognition in CI users. We investigated their joint influence on CI users’ speech recognition, by testing 20 postlingually deafened CI users and 20 NH controls with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Optodes were placed over occipital and temporal areas to measure visual and auditory responses when presenting visual checkerboard and auditory word stimuli. Higher cross-modal activations were confirmed in both auditory and visual cortex for CI users compared to NH controls, demonstrating that functional reorganization of both auditory and visual cortex can be identified with fNIRS. Additionally, the combined reorganization of auditory and visual cortex was found to be associated with speech recognition performance. Speech performance was good as long as the beneficial auditory-evoked activation in visual cortex was higher than the visual-evoked activation in the auditory cortex. These results indicate the importance of considering cross-modal activations in both visual and auditory cortex for potential clinical outcome estimation.

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26

Qin, Wen, and Chunshui Yu. "Neural Pathways Conveying Novisual Information to the Visual Cortex." Neural Plasticity 2013 (2013): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/864920.

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The visual cortex has been traditionally considered as a stimulus-driven, unimodal system with a hierarchical organization. However, recent animal and human studies have shown that the visual cortex responds to non-visual stimuli, especially in individuals with visual deprivation congenitally, indicating the supramodal nature of the functional representation in the visual cortex. To understand the neural substrates of the cross-modal processing of the non-visual signals in the visual cortex, we firstly showed the supramodal nature of the visual cortex. We then reviewed how the nonvisual signals reach the visual cortex. Moreover, we discussed if these non-visual pathways are reshaped by early visual deprivation. Finally, the open question about the nature (stimulus-driven or top-down) of non-visual signals is also discussed.

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27

Joo, Sung Jun. "Reaction Times to Predictable Visual Patterns Reflect Neural Responses in Early Visual Cortex." Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility 24, no. 2 (2021): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.14695/kjsos.2021.24.2.57.

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28

Ciaramitaro, V. M., and G. M. Boynton. "Visual-auditory spatial attention in human visual cortex." Journal of Vision 5, no. 8 (2010): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/5.8.171.

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29

Feng, W., V. S. Stormer, A. Martinez, J. J. McDonald, and S. A. Hillyard. "Sounds Activate Visual Cortex and Improve Visual Discrimination." Journal of Neuroscience 34, no. 29 (2014): 9817–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.4869-13.2014.

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30

Sengpiel, Frank, and Mark Hübener. "Visual perception: Spotlight on the primary visual cortex." Current Biology 9, no. 9 (1999): R318—R321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-9822(99)80202-4.

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31

Silvanto, Juha. "Is primary visual cortex necessary for visual awareness?" Trends in Neurosciences 37, no. 11 (2014): 618–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2014.09.006.

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32

Goda, Naokazu, Takuya Harada, Tadashi Ogawa, et al. "Influence of visual saliency in monkey visual cortex." Neuroscience Research 58 (January 2007): S96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2007.06.1125.

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33

Goldstein, Laura H., and David A. Oakley. "Visual discrimination in the absence of visual cortex." Behavioural Brain Research 24, no. 3 (1987): 181–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-4328(87)90056-8.

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34

Switkes, Eugene, David Rose, and Vernon G. Dobson. "Models of the Visual Cortex." American Journal of Psychology 101, no. 2 (1988): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1422844.

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35

Froudarakis, Emmanouil, Paul G. Fahey, Jacob Reimer, Stelios M. Smirnakis, Edward J. Tehovnik, and Andreas S. Tolias. "The Visual Cortex in Context." Annual Review of Vision Science 5, no. 1 (2019): 317–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-vision-091517-034407.

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In this article, we review the anatomical inputs and outputs to the mouse primary visual cortex, area V1. Our survey of data from the Allen Institute Mouse Connectivity project indicates that mouse V1 is highly interconnected with both cortical and subcortical brain areas. This pattern of innervation allows for computations that depend on the state of the animal and on behavioral goals, which contrasts with simple feedforward, hierarchical models of visual processing. Thus, to have an accurate description of the function of V1 during mouse behavior, its involvement with the rest of the brain circuitry has to be considered. Finally, it remains an open question whether the primary visual cortex of higher mammals displays the same degree of sensorimotor integration in the early visual system.

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36

PARKER, A. J., and M. J. HAWKEN. "Hyperacuity and the visual cortex." Nature 326, no. 6108 (1987): 105–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/326105b0.

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37

SWINDALE, N. V., and M. S. CYNADER. "Hyperacuity and the visual cortex." Nature 326, no. 6108 (1987): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/326106a0.

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38

Beltramo, Riccardo. "A new primary visual cortex." Science 370, no. 6512 (2020): 46.2–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abe1482.

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39

Gilbert, C. D., J. A. Hirsch, and T. N. Wiesel. "Lateral Interactions in Visual Cortex." Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology 55 (January 1, 1990): 663–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/sqb.1990.055.01.063.

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40

Stern, Peter. "Rethinking primary visual cortex function." Science 364, no. 6447 (2019): 1247.14–1249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.364.6447.1247-n.

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41

Chan, Jane W. "The Cat Primary Visual Cortex." Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology 26, no. 1 (2006): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.wno.0000206242.42410.de.

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42

Ozdemir, Aysegul, and Peter M. Black. "Mapping of Human Visual Cortex." Neurosurgery Quarterly 15, no. 2 (2005): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.wnq.0000155121.49959.2c.

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43

Wolf, F., H. U. Bauer, K. Pawelzik, and T. Geisel. "Organization of the visual cortex." Nature 382, no. 6589 (1996): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/382306a0.

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44

Bonhoeffer, Tobias, and Imke Gödecke. "Organization of the visual cortex." Nature 382, no. 6589 (1996): 306–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/382306b0.

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45

Whalley, Katherine. "Networking in the visual cortex." Nature Reviews Neuroscience 12, no. 6 (2011): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrn3041.

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46

Downing, P. E., A. W. Y. Chan, M. V. Peelen, C. M. Dodds, and N. Kanwisher. "Domain Specificity in Visual Cortex." Cerebral Cortex 16, no. 10 (2005): 1453–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhj086.

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47

Jain, Rishabh, Rachel Millin, and Bartlett W. Mel. "Multimap formation in visual cortex." Journal of Vision 15, no. 16 (2015): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/15.16.3.

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48

Maringer, Russell. "FMRI OF AMBLYOPIC VISUAL CORTEX." Optometry and Vision Science 79, Supplement (2002): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006324-200212001-00410.

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49

Heeger, David J., Geoffrey M. Boynton, Jonathan B. Demb, Eyal Seidemann, and William T. Newsome. "Motion Opponency in Visual Cortex." Journal of Neuroscience 19, no. 16 (1999): 7162–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.19-16-07162.1999.

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50

Carandini, Matteo. "Visual cortex: Fatigue and adaptation." Current Biology 10, no. 16 (2000): R605—R607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-9822(00)00637-0.

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