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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Visual range'
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Walkey, Helen Clare. "Visual performance in the mesopic range." Thesis, City University London, 2003. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/7609/.
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The aims of this work were to assess the effects of different stimulus parameters on chromatic sensitivity, with particular emphasis on the effect of retinal illumination, and to investigate aspects of suprathreshold visual performance under mesopic conditions. All investigations were performed using visual psychophysical techniques. Chromatic thresholds were obtained using dynamic luminance contrast noise to isolate responses to colour signals. The effects of stimulus size and spatial distribution were examined in normal trichromats, dichromats and subjects with acquired colour vision deficiency. The chromatic sensitivity of normal trichromats was investigated with reduction in light level. Measurements were also performed to assess the possible involvement of rods in chromatic processing at threshold. Suprathreshold performance in the mesopic range was assessed in terms of the relative contributions of colour and luminance contrast to a measure of stimulus conspicuity and to visual search time. The conspicuity of a stimulus defined by colour and luminance contrast was defined as the value of achromatic contrast of a similar stimulus with an equal perceived conspicuity. An empirical model was developed from an extensive data set of conspicuity matches, to enable prediction of conspicuity for a wide range of coloured stimuli. Visual search performance for both achromatic and coloured stimuli was investigated under mesopic conditions, and results for the coloured stimuli were compared to the measure of stimulus conspiculty combined with an achromatic search time calibration. The results revealed that chromatic sensitivity is dependent on stimulus size, spatial distribution, eccentricity of presentation and level of illumination. These factors are suggested to reflect changes in cone performance and the relative cone contributions to the postreceptoral chromatic channels. Chromatic sensitivity was found to be independent of rod activity in the mesopic range, suggesting separate processing of rod signals and threshold colour signals under mesopic conditions. Measurements of stimulus conspicuity under mesopic conditions revealed individual variations in response to both luminance contrast and chromatic signals indicative of individual differences in gain control of postreceptoral mechanisms. Conspicuity was successfully modelled as a function of photopic contrast, scotopic contrast, chromatic difference to the background and the level of illumination. The nonlinear relationship between search time and luminance contrast was found to change with reduction in light level, reflecting increased contrast thresholds and diminishing effectiveness of unit physical contrast. Mesopic visual search was also found to depend on the photopic contrast, scotopic contrast and chromatic content of the stimulus, but with an apparent greater emphasis on scotopic contrast and reduced emphasis on colour compared to the measure of stimulus conspicuity. Conspicuity was successfully used to predict visual search times, and was found to be an improved indicator of search performance than either photopic or scotopic contrast.
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Feng, Tian. "High dynamic range visual content compression." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/18315/.
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This thesis addresses the research questions of High Dynamic Range (HDR) visual contents compression. The HDR representations are intended to represent the actual physical value of the light rather than exposed value. The current HDR compression schemes are the extension of legacy Low Dynamic Range (LDR) compressions, by using Tone-Mapping Operators (TMO) to reduce the dynamic range of the HDR contents. However, introducing TMO increases the overall computational complexity, and it causes the temporal artifacts. Furthermore, these compression schemes fail to compress non-salient region differently than the salient region, when Human Visual System (HVS) perceives them differently. The main contribution of this thesis is to propose a novel Mapping-free visual saliency-guided HDR content compression scheme. Firstly, the relationship of Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) lifting steps and TMO are explored. A novel approach to compress HDR image by Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) 2000 codec while backward compatible to LDR is proposed. This approach exploits the reversibility of tone mapping and scalability of DWT. Secondly, the importance of the TMO in the HDR compression is evaluated in this thesis. A mapping-free post HDR image compression based on JPEG and JPEG2000 standard codecs for current HDR image formats is proposed. This approach exploits the structure of HDR formats. It has an equivalent compression performance and the lowest computational complexity compared to the existing HDR lossy compressions (50% lower than the state-of-the-art). Finally, the shortcomings of the current HDR visual saliency models, and HDR visual saliency-guided compression are explored in this thesis. A spatial saliency model for HDR visual content outperform others by 10% for spatial visual prediction task with 70% lower computational complexity is proposed. Furthermore, the experiment suggested more than 90% temporal saliency is predicted by the proposed spatial model. Moreover, the proposed saliency model can be used to guide the HDR compression by applying different quantization factor according to the intensity of predicted saliency map.
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Wright, Thomas J. "The long-range integration of visual motion information." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0003/MQ28265.pdf.
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Cleary, Robert. "Spatial frequency selective processes in short range motion perception." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.237562.
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Mihaylov, Petar. "Investigation of long-range interactions in the human visual system." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.547413.
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Hotchkiss, John. "A psychophysical investigation of audio-visual timing in the millisecond range." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5771.
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The experiments described in this thesis use psychophysical techniques and human observers to investigate temporal processing in the millisecond range. The thesis contains five main sections. Introductory chapters provide a brief overview of the visual and auditory systems, before detailing our current understanding of duration processing. During the course of this review, several important questions are highlighted. The experiments detailed in Chapters 8-11 seek to address these questions using the psychophysical techniques outlined in Chapter 7. The results of these experiments increase our understanding of duration perception in several areas. Firstly, Experiments 1 and 2 (Chapter 8) highlight the role of low level stimulus features: even when equated for visibility stimuli of differing spatial frequency have different perceived durations. Secondly, a psychophysical hypothesis arising from the 'duration channels' or 'labelled lines' model of duration perception is given strong support by the adaptation experiments detailed in Chapter 9 and 10. Specifically, adaptation to durations of a fixed temporal extent induces repulsive duration aftereffects that are sensory specific and bandwidth limited around the adapted duration. Finally Chapter 11 describes the results of experiments designed to probe the processing hierarchy within duration perception by measuring the interdependency of illusions generated via duration adaptation and via multisensory cue combination. The results of these experiments demonstrate that duration adaptation is a relatively early component of temporal processing and is likely to be sub served by duration selective neurons situated in early sections of the visual and auditory systems.
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Dong, Yuanyuan. "A visual attention model for high dynamic range (HDR) video content." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/51777.
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High dynamic range (HDR) imaging is gaining widespread acceptance in computer graphics, photography and multimedia industry. Representing scenes with values corresponding to real-world light levels, HDR images and videos provide superior picture quality and more life-like visual experience than traditional 8-bit Low Dynamic Range (LDR) content. In this thesis, we present a few attempts to assess and improve the quality of HDR using subjective and objective approaches.
We first conducted in-depth studies regarding HDR compression and HDR quality metrics. We show that High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) outperforms the previous version of compression standard on HDR content and could be used as a platform for HDR compression if provided with some necessary extensions. We also find that, compared to other quality metrics, the Visual Information Fidelity (VIF) quality metric has the highest correlation with subjective opinions on HDR videos. These findings contributed to the development of methods that optimize existing video compression standards for HDR applications.
Next, the viewing experience of HDR content is evaluated both subjectively and objectively. The study shows a clear subjective preference for HDR content when individuals are given a choice between HDR and LDR displays. Eye tracking data were collected from individuals viewing HDR content in a free-viewing task. These eye tracking data collected are utilized in the development of a visual attention model for HDR content.
Last but not least, we propose a computational approach to predict visual attention for HDR video content, the only one of its kind as all existing visual attention models are designed for HDR images. This proposed approach simulates the characteristics of the Human Visual System (HVS) and makes predictions by combining the spatial and temporal visual features. The analysis using eye tracking data affirms the effectiveness of the proposed model. Comparisons employing three well known quantitative metrics show that the proposed model substantially improves predictions of visual attention of HDR.Applied Science, Faculty of
Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Brown, Lawrence Bernard. "Development of test protocols and normal reference range for use in paediatric visual electrophysiology." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420789.
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Zeitler, Leo Laurenz. "Functional and Dynamical Consequences of Long-Range Patchy Connections in the Primary Visual Cortex." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279584.
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While it is a known fact that higher mammals develop a differently structured primary visual cortex than rodents, the reason for this phenomenon remains unknown. Eutherian species that rely primarily on vision establish long-range patchy connections between locally clustered neurons. The V1 of rats and mice which use odour as their primary sensory input do not possess such a structural organisation and wiring profile. Albeit existing studies investigating the functional properties of networks with distal patchy connections, the dynamical consequences are still unclear. We hypothesised that the establishment of tuning-specific long-range patchy connections permits a better derivation of missing stimulus statistics from just sparse sampling. Although our results were not able to fully verify these claims, they indicate that locally clustered networks that exhibit tuning-dependent long-range connections enhance predictions based on sophisticated saccadic eye movements and the information aggregation over time and space.Det är känt att högre däggdjur utvecklar ett annorlunda strukturerat syncentrum än gnagare, men anledningarna till detta fenomen är fortfarande okänt. Högre däggdjur som huvudsakligen förlitar sig på syn etablerar långväga kopplingar med lokalt samlad fördelning mellan lokalt koncentrerade neuroner. V1 hos råttor och möss som använder lukt som sitt huvudsakliga sinnesintryck har däremot inte en sådan struktur. Trots befintliga studier som undersöker de funktionella egenskaperna av nätverk med lokalt samlade kopplingar på ytteränden är de dynamiska konsekvenserna fortfarande oklara. Vi skapade en hypotes att upprättandet av long-range patchy connections tillåter en bättre härledning av saknad stimulus statistik från få prov. Våra resultat lyckades inte fullständigt bekräfta dessa antaganden, men de indikerade att lokalt koncentrerade nätverk som uppvisar riktningsanpassade långväga kopplingar förbättrar uppskattningar baserade på komplexa saccadiska ögonrörelser och informationsaggregation över tid och rum.
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Pádua, Michelle de. "Avaliação postural de crianças com deficiência visual." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5163/tde-27012012-104543/.
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As crianças com deficiência visual são privadas dos estímulos provenientes da visão, os quais fornecem experiências importantes no seu desenvolvimento motor e que resultam no desenvolvimento estrutural do corpo. Alguns estudos sugerem que a falta destes estímulos resultam em alterações na postura e mobilidade. No entanto, apesar de descritos na literatura ainda não é possível definir a postura e avaliar a mobilidade articular na população de crianças com problemas oculares, visto que as mensurações têm sido realizadas com objetivo apenas de detectar as alterações. Fato que compromete a reprodutibilidade e a repetibilidade dos métodos e impossibilita possíveis comparações entre os dados. Deste modo, é de grande necessidade a verificação das consequências da falta ou déficit da visão na postura, mobilidade, flexibilidade e impressão plantar na tentativa de intervir precocemente e reduzir ou abrandar possíveis alterações posturais e consequentemente evitar que estas alterações perdurem ou se agravem na vida adulta. Assim, o objetivo geral deste estudo foi comparar a postura, mobilidade, flexibilidade e impressão plantar de crianças com deficiência visual com crianças sem deficiência visual. Foram estudadas 74 crianças de ambos os sexos na faixa etária de 5 a 12 anos. Destas 34 apresentavam deficiência visual (GDV) e 40 eram crianças controle (GC). Fotos digitais da posição ortostática foram utilizadas para analisar a postura. As variáveis posturais inclinação da cabeça, postura do ombro, postura da escápula, desvio lateral da coluna, postura do joelho, postura do tornozelo no plano frontal e postura da cabeça, postura do ombro, ângulo da cifose torácica, ângulo da lordose lombar, postura da pelve, postura do joelho no plano sagital foram mensurados com auxílio do software SAPO* v. 0.63® e de marcadores previamente colocados em referências ósseas pré-determinadas. A goniometria do ombro e quadril foi realizada de forma ativa e passiva. O teste do 3º dedo ao solo foi utilizado para mensurar a flexibilidade e o Índice Chippaux Smirak foi utilizado para avaliar a impressão plantar. Os principais resultados deste estudo mostraram que as crianças com deficiência visual apresentam maior inclinação da cabeça (p< 0,001), inclinação no ombro (p=0,004), desvio lateral da coluna (p< 0,001), alterações na postura da escápula (p=0,012), maior cifose torácica (p=0,004) e menor lordose lombar (p<0,001). Além de maior amplitude articular de rotação medial de ombro ativo (p=0,001) e passivo (p=0,001), maior amplitude articular de rotação lateral (p<0,001) e medial (p=0,005) de quadril de forma passiva. Os grupos não apresentaram diferenças na flexibilidade (p=0,945) e impressão plantar (p= 0,446). Conclui-se que a falta ou déficit visual influencia a mobilidade e a postura, visto que crianças com deficiência visual apresentam maior inclinação da cabeça, maior desnivelamento dos ombros, maior desvio lateral da coluna, hipercifose torácica, menor lordose lombar e joelhos mais valgos, além de maior mobilidade de rotação medial ativa e passiva de ombros e rotação medial e lateral passiva de quadris. No entanto, a condição criança deficiente visual não altera a flexibilidade e o arco longitudinal medialChildren with visual impairment are deprived of visual stimuli from the view, which provide important experiences in the child\'s motor development that result in the structural development of the body. Some studies suggest that lack of these stimuli result in changes in posture and mobility. However, although described in the literature is not yet possible to define the position and assess joint mobility in the population of children with eye problems, since the measurements have been performed only in order to detect changes. Fact that compromises the reproducibility and repeatability of the methods and prevents possible comparisons between the data. Thus, it is very necessary to verify the consequences of failure or shortage of vision in posture, mobility and flexibility in an attempt to intervene early and reduce or mitigate potential postural changes and therefore prevent these changes endure or worsen in adulthood. The objective of this study was to compare the posture, mobility, flexibility and footprint of children with visual impairments with sighted children. We studied 74 children of both sexes aged 5 to 12 years. Of these 34 had visual impairment (GDV) and 40 were children (CG). Digital photos of the standing position were used to analyze posture. The variables postural head tilt, shoulder posture, scapula posture, lateral deviation of the spine, knee posture, ankle posture in the frontal plane and head posture, shoulder posture, thoracic kyphosis angle, lumbar lordosis angle, pelvis posture, knee posture in the sagittal plane were measured using the Postural Assessment Software (PAS/SAPO) and markers previously placed on bone references predetermined. The goniometry made an active and passive was used to evaluate the mobility of shoulder and hip. The Fingertip-to-Floor Test was used to measure the flexibility and Smirak Chippaux Index was used to evaluate the footprints. The main results of this study showed that children with visual impairment have a higher inclination of the head (p <0.001), the shoulder slope (p = 0.004), lateral deviation of the spine (p <0.001), changes in posture of the scapula (p = 0.012), increased thoracic kyphosis (p = 0.004) and lower lumbar lordosis (p <0.001). Increased joint range of active (p = 0.001) and passive (p = 0.001) shoulder internal rotation and greater range of motion of passive hip external (p <0.001) and medial (p = 0.005) rotation. The groups showed no difference in flexibility (p = 0.945) and footprints (p = 0.446). Although the percentage of flat arch foot was higher in patients with visual impairment (38.2%) compared to the control group (22.5%). We concluded that the lack or low vision affects the mobility and posture, as visual impairment children have a higher inclination of the head, shoulder asymmetries, lateral spine deviation, a higher thoracic kyphosis, less lumbar lordosis and a higher valgus knees, and an increase mobility of active and passive medial rotation of shoulders and passive medial and lateral rotation of the hips. However, the visually impaired children condition does not change the flexibility and medial longitudinal arch
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Torres, Méndez Luz Abril. "Statistics of visual and partial range data for mobile robot environment modeling : Luz Abril Torres Méndez." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=102218.
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This thesis presents a statistical learning framework for inferring geometric structures from images. Specifically, the proposed framework computes dense range maps of location sin the environment using only intensity images and very limited amount of range data as an input. This is achieved by integrating and analyzing the statistical relationships between the visual data and the available depth on terms of small patches. The scientific issue is to represent this correlation such that it can be used to recover range data where missing. Markov Random Fields are used as a model to capture the local statistics of the intensity and range.Experiments on real-world data are conducted under different configurations to demonstrate the feasibility of the method. In particular, our application is in mobile robotics, where inferring the 3D layout of indoor environments is a critical problem for achieving exploration and navigation tasks. The modeling of a large-scale environment involves the acquisition of a huge amount of range data to extract the geometry of the scene, and is often performed using sophisticated but costly hardware solutions. This task is physically demanding and time consuming for many real systems. By using the proposed framework, it is demonstrated that we can learn the geometric characteristics of the environment from the incomplete sensory data to build a 3D model of it.
The contributions of this thesis are mainly three: First, it demonstrates the viability of the use of very limited range data together with intensity to recover complete dense range maps. Second, it presents a complete framework for building a 3D model of an indoor environment using a mobile robot. And third, it analyses and outlines the advantages and limitations encountered when dealing with large indoor environments.
An additional contribution is the use of the method we propose for range estimation to an alternative problem: color correction and augmentation with the specific application to underwater images.
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Breckon, Toby P. "Completing unknown portions of 3D scenes by 3D visual propagation." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1244.
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As the requirement for more realistic 3D environments is pushed forward by the computer {graphics | movie | simulation | games} industry, attention turns away from the creation of purely synthetic, artist derived environments towards the use of real world captures from the 3D world in which we live. However, common 3D acquisition techniques, such as laser scanning and stereo capture, are realistically only 2.5D in nature - such that the backs and occluded portions of objects cannot be realised from a single uni-directional viewpoint. Although multi-directional capture has existed for sometime, this incurs additional temporal and computational cost with no existing guarantee that the resulting acquisition will be free of minor holes, missing surfaces and alike. Drawing inspiration from the study of human abilities in 3D visual completion, we consider the automated completion of these hidden or missing portions in 3D scenes originally acquired from 2.5D (or 3D) capture. We propose an approach based on the visual propagation of available scene knowledge from the known (visible) scene areas to these unknown (invisible) 3D regions (i.e. the completion of unknown volumes via visual propagation - the concept of volume completion). Our proposed approach uses a combination of global surface fitting, to derive an initial underlying geometric surface completion, together with a 3D extension of nonparametric texture synthesis in order to provide the propagation of localised structural 3D surface detail (i.e. surface relief). We further extend our technique both to the combined completion of 3D surface relief and colour and additionally to hierarchical surface completion that offers both improved structural results and computational efficiency gains over our initial non-hierarchical technique. To validate the success of these approaches we present the completion and extension of numerous 2.5D (and 3D) surface examples with relief ranging in natural, man-made, stochastic, regular and irregular forms. These results are evaluated both subjectively within our definition of plausible completion and quantitatively by statistical analysis in the geometric and colour domains.
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Thomas, Tim. "CAPS: AN EGLIN RANGE STANDARD FOR PC-BASED TELEMETRY DATA REDUCTION." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/607489.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 21, 2002 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, CaliforniaA need exists to provide a flexible data reduction tool that minimizes software development costs and reduces analysis time for telemetry data. The Common Airborne Processing System (CAPS), developed by the Freeman Computer Sciences Center at Eglin AFB, Florida, provides a generalpurpose data reduction capability for digitally recorded data on a PC. Data from virtually any kind of MIL-STD-1553 message or Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) frame can be extracted and converted to engineering units using a parameter dictionary that describes the data format. The extracted data can then be written to a file, ASCII or binary, with a great deal of flexibility in the output format. CAPS has become the standard for digitally recorded data reduction on a PC at Eglin. New features, such as composing derived parameters using mathematical expressions, are being added to CAPS to make it an even more productive data reduction tool. This paper provides a conceptual overview of the CAPS version 2.3 software.
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Jacob, Mary Katherine. "Atmospheric Visibility Assessment for Urban Areas Using Photographic Slides and Optical Densitometry." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500484/.
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The factors involved in calculating Standard Visual Range (SVR) are discussed, and a comparison is made between the visibility reported by airport observers and the photographic slide/ optical densitometer method of calculating SVR. Using slides of Houston, Texas, from the fall and winter of 1988-89, it was found that the altitude at which the contrast measurements are made significantly affects the SVR. Also an index for predicting high and low humidity was developed using the blue/red ratio of the log exposure of the sky, and sun/shade target condition.
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Suchomel, Filip. "Porovnání světelných parametrů různých světelných zdrojů předních světlometů vozidel." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-402104.
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This thesis is focused on comparison of parameters of light sources (halogen, xenon, LED) installed in Skoda Octavia 3rd generation. The opening part solves analysis of the current state of lighting technology and its impact on traffic safety. The next part is focused on general parameters of light, construction of light sources, optical systems and adaptation of the human eye to various light conditions, especially contrast. The practical part is focused on comparing the contrast values of individual light sources in relation to the dark and lightly dressed pedestrian in the area without artificial lighting.
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Wood, Joanne M. "The investigation of the sensitivity gradient of the visual field, as a function of stimulus dynamic range, in the normal and abnormal eye." Thesis, Aston University, 1987. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/14622/.
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The study utilized the advanced technology provided by automated perimeters to investigate the hypothesis that patients with retinitis pigmentosa behave atypically over the dynamic range and to concurrently determine the influence of extraneous factors on the format of the normal perimetric sensitivity profile. The perimetric processing of some patients with retinitis pigmentosa was considered to be abnormal in either the temporal and/or the spatial domain. The standard size III stimulus saturated the central regions and was thus ineffective in detecting early depressions in sensitivity in these areas. When stimulus size was scaled in inverse proportion to the square root of ganglion cell receptive field density (M-scaled), isosensitive profiles did not result, although cortical representation was theoretically equivalent across the visual field. It was conjectured that this was due to variations in the ganglion cell characteristics with increasing peripheral angle, most notably spatial summation. It was concluded that the development of perimetric routines incorporating stimulus sizes adjusted in proportion to the coverage factor of retinal ganglion cells would enhance the diagnostic capacity of perimetry. Good general and local correspondence was found between perimetric sensitivity and the available retinal cell counts. Intraocular light scatter arising both from simulations and media opacities depressed perimetric sensitivity. Attenuation was greater centrally for the smaller LED stimuli, whereas the reverse was true for the larger projected stimuli. Prior perimetric experience and pupil size also demonstrated eccentricity-dependent effect on sensitivity. Practice improved perimetric sensitivity for projected stimuli at eccentricities greater than or equal to 30o; particularly in the superior region. Increase in pupil size for LED stimuli enhanced sensitivity at eccentricities greater than 10o. Conversely, microfluctuation in the accommodative response during perimetric examination and the correction of peripheral refractive error had no significant influence on perimetric sensitivity.
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Prince, Robert A. "Autonomous visual tracking of stationary targets using small unmanned aerial vehicles." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Jun%5FPrince.pdf.
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McIntyre, Lesley. "The way-finding journey within a large public building : a user centred study of the holistic way-finding experience across a range of visual ability." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2011. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/93c42497-3c87-46fd-95fa-61c3718391c5.
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This PhD Thesis has been immersed in investigating the holistic experience of way-finding in buildings by people who have a range of visual ability. Previous research studies, spanning across a broad spectrum of disciplines, have focused on various characteristics of human way-finding (Arthur and Passini, 1992;Lynch, 1960;Downs and Stea, 1973). It is specifically recognised that the built environment is failing people with visual loss (Barker et al., 1995) and the strategic task and skill of way-finding within a building is a particular problem (Arthur and Passini, 1992). Under the social model of disability (Oliver, 1990) this is recognised as a form of architectural disablement (Goldsmith, 1997). There are few evidence-based studies of way-finding in a building. Furthermore, there are no studies of real-life experiences of way-finding undertaken by real-life participants who have a range of visual ability within the context of a real-life building. This leads to a research question: What are the design issues revealed by participants who have a range of visual ability as they way-find in a large public building? This doctoral research, based within the discipline of architecture, focuses on the holistic experiential components of a Journey (Myerson, 2001;Harper and Green, 2000). It coins and defines the term Way-finding Hot-spot as it explores the events [positive and negative] which are experienced and therefore impact on a Way-finding Journey around a building. To fill an important gap in the current knowledge a research enquiry, based on a user-centred design approach, was implemented. Exploratory in nature, the methodology was inductive and it evolved throughout the study. A series of Research Principles, borrowed from the established methodologies of Grounded Theory (Glaser, 1968) and Case Study (Yin, 2003a;Yin, 2003b), guided this study. Ten participants [with varying degrees of visual ability, different ages and other forms of disability] undertook a Way-finding Scenario designed to evaluate both existing memories of way-finding and present way-finding experience. This was composed of a Purposeful Conversation (Burgess, 1982) and a context specific Way-finding Task. The study has produced a large amount of data based on user experience in a real-world way-finding context – this has not been done before. Participant data contributed to a new Theory of Way-finding – The Experiential Charting of a Way-finding Journey – which derived from experiential data, was found to be composed of three elements: Journey Stages, Tasks Components and Communication Requirements. This thesis presents detailed findings which generate dialogue in the design of way-finding systems suitable for a diverse range of way-finders. It provides a research-based foundation to open the problem area and provide an insight into the issues people with different visual abilities encounter as they undertake a Way-finding Journey around a building. It generates a greater understanding of the problems and joys of way-finding in a building which will be of use in professional practice across disciplines of architecture and design as well as in areas of rehabilitation, policy-making and academia. This research is a start, but it is not the end. Future research questions have been revealed and these, combined with further reviews of literature and creative use of method, will further explore the phenomenon of way-finding within the context of buildings.
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Cyriac, Praveen. "Tone mapping based on natural image statistics and visual perception models." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/402574.
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Les tècniques d'imatge d'alt rang dinàmic (HDR) potencialment permeten la captura i l'emmagatzematge de tota la informació de llum en una escena. No obstant això, els dispositius comuns de visualització són limitats en termes de les seves capacitats de contrast i brillantor, per tant, les imatges HDR han de ser mapejades tonalment abans de presentar-les en un dispositiu de visualització per assegurar que es reprodueix l'aspecte original de l'escena. En aquesta tesi, es prenen dos enfocaments del problema de mapeig tonal. En primer lloc, es desenvolupa un marc general per a la millora de qualsevol imatge mapejada tonalment mitjançant la reducció de la distància a la corresponent imatge HDR en termes d'una mètrica perceptiva no local. La distància es redueix al mínim per mitjà d'un algoritme de descens de gradient. En segon lloc, es desenvolupa un operador de mapeig tonal (TMO) en temps real que s'adapta bé a les estadístiques d'escenes naturals, i concorda amb els nous descobriments psicofísics i dades neurofísiques. Determinem les correctes adaptacions no lineals necessàries per als nostres resultats de mapeig tonal per tal d'obtenir l'aparença òptima en diferents condicions de visualització, a través d'experiments psicofísics i desenvolupar un mètode automàtic per poder predir dades experimentals. El nostre TMO produeix resultats d'aspecte natural, sense cap tipus d'artefactes espacials o temporals. Els tests de preferència dels usuaris mostren que el nostre mètode obté millors resultats en comparació amb les tècniques més recents. El TMO és ràpid i podria ser implementat en el hardware de la càmera. Pot ser utilitzat per al monitoratge de càmeres HDR en pantalles regulars, com a substitut de la correcció gamma, i com una manera de proporcionar al colorista amb contingut que té alhora un aspecte natural i una aparença nítida i clara.High Dynamic Range (HDR) imaging techniques potentially allow for the capture and storage of the full information of light in a scene. However, common display devices are limited in terms of their contrast and brightness capabilities, thus HDR images must be tone mapped before presentation on a display device to ensure that the original appearance of the scene is reproduced. In this thesis, we take two approaches to the tone mapping problem. First, we develop a general framework for improving any tone mapped image by reducing the distance with the corresponding HDR image in terms of a non-local perceptual metric. The distance is minimized by means of a gradient descent algorithm. Second, we develop a real-time Tone Mapping Operator (TMO) that is well suited to the statistics of natural scenes, and is in keeping with new psychophysical findings and neurophysical data. We determine the adequate non-linear adjustments needed for our tone mapping results to look best in different viewing conditions through a psychophysical experiment and develop an automatic method that can predict the experimental data. Our TMO produces results that look natural, without any spatio-temporal artifacts. User preference tests show that our method outperforms state of the art approaches. The TMO is fast and could be implemented on camera hardware. It can be used for on-set monitoring of HDR cameras on regular displays, as a substitute for gamma correction, and as a way of providing the colorist with content that is both natural looking and has a crisp and clear appearance.
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Martínek, Michal. "Osvětlovací technika moderních vozidel a měření dohlednosti na dosvit hlavních světlometů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232559.
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This magister’s thesis is about modern lighting of vehicles, the visual range and afterglow in poor visibility. The first part of the thesis provides a detailed analysis of the current situation and problems, including a comprehensive description of the sources of light radiation, lamps, structures, and describe the systems used in modern lighting technology of vehicles. In the second part of the thesis there are the scientific methods to determine the issue of visual range and afterglow of the headlights. The second part is about the application of acquired techniques to detect an afterglow and the visual range of vehicles with modern headlights with a light source with xenon lamp, compared with a vehicle with a halogen lamp and a vehicle with an older halogen headlight.
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Vančura, Jan. "Tone-mapping HDR obrazů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-237159.
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This thesis concerns with the introduction to the problematics of images with high dynamic range (HDR) and possibilities of HDR images compression options for display on devices with a low dynamic range (LDR). In the introduction is described historical evolution of recording of reality. It is focusing towards point of view of physics, human visual perception and digital recording. There are described the ways of generating and holding of HDR images. The thesis is corncerned to the techniques of HDR compression, it means the tone-mapping. The different techniques of tone-mapping are explained and specific aproach is targeted to the gradient domain high dynamic range compresion.
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ter, Vehn Pontus. "Visualizations for simulation-based training : Enhancing the evaluation of missile launch events during after-action reviews of air combat simulation." Thesis, KTH, Medieteknik och interaktionsdesign, MID, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-194182.
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This thesis work has been part of an effort to improve the after-action reviews of the air combat simulator training sessions conducted at the Swedish Air Force Combat Simulation Centre (FLSC). Initial studies identified three main needs regarding the evaluation of air-to-air missile shots during beyond-visual-range combat simulation. These needs included an improved detection of where and when in the simulation playback a missile shot took place, a collected view of flight parameters to prevent confusion and cross-referencing between the various displays, as well as the ability to review an aircraft’s flight parameters over time in order to discuss alternative shooting opportunities or maneuvering patterns. To fulfill these three needs, design studies were performed iteratively in collaboration with staff at the FLSC. This work has resulted in a design proposal with a prototype based on the design guidelines and recommendations of the study's participants. The purpose of the visualization is to provide support for instructors and promote the individual learning of pilots. Hopefully, this can ultimately help in answering the question regarding why a missile missed its target. For instructors and air units such aids could mean that operating errors can be more easily identified and also form a basis for discussion during the assessment briefings.Detta examensarbete har haft som syfte att förbättra utvärderingen av luftstridssimuleringar som bedrivs vid det svenska flygvapnets luftstridssimuleringscentrum, FLSC. Inledande studier identifierade tre huvudsakliga behov för utvärderingen av flygplansburna robotskott avfyrade mot luftmål utom synhåll, på långa avstånd. Dessa behov inkluderar en förbättring när det gäller att upptäcka var och när i en simuleringsuppspelning som ett robotskott har skett, en samlad vy över flygparametrar för att förhindra förvirring och korsreferering mellan olika skärmar, samt möjligheten att utvärdera ett flygplans flygparametrar över tid för att kunna diskutera alternativa avfyrningsmöjligheter eller manövreringsmönster. För att fylla dessa tre behov har iterativa designstudier utförts i samarbete med personalen på FLSC. Detta har resulterat i ett designförslag med en prototyp baserad på de designriktlinjer och -rekommendationer som studiens deltagare delgett. Syftet med visualiseringen är att ge stöd till instruktörer och främja piloters individuella inlärning. Förhoppningsvis kan detta i slutändan bidra till att svara på frågan om varför en robot missade sitt mål. För instruktörer och flygförband kan ett sådant hjälpmedel underlätta identifiering av felmanövreringar och även ligga till grund för värdefulla diskussioner under analysen av genomförda luftsstridsimuleringar.
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Lutz, Constance A. "Visual Art Teachers’ Ranges of Understanding and Classroom Practices of Assessment for Student Learning In Visual Art Education." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1397567104.
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Henry, Andrii. "Mobilní app pro měření odstupu od předchozího vozidla v provozu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-234922.
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This master's thesis deals with development of mobile app for measuring the range from the preceding vehicle in traffic using visual-based methods. This paper describes implementation of computer vision algorithms of detection and tracing objects, detection of horizon on desktop and mobile devices. Also deals with visual-based range measuring without any other mechanisms. The output of the work is implemented detectors of vihicles and horizon using OpenCV library on the Windows platfom and draft of user inerface of a mobile phone aplication on the Android platform.
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Khoualed, Samir. "Descripteurs augmentés basés sur l'information sémantique contextuelle." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00853815.
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Les techniques de description des éléments caractéristiques d'une image sont omniprésentes dans de nombreuses applications de vision par ordinateur. Nous proposons à travers ce manuscrit une extension, pour décrire (représenter) et apparier les éléments caractéristiques des images. L'extension proposée consiste en une approche originale pour apprendre, ou estimer, la présence sémantique des éléments caractéristiques locaux dans les images. L'information sémantique obtenue est ensuite exploitée, en conjonction avec le paradigme de sac-de-mots, pour construire un descripteur d'image performant. Le descripteur résultant, est la combinaison de deux types d'informations, locale et contextuelle-sémantique. L'approche proposée peut être généralisée et adaptée à n'importe quel descripteur local d'image, pour améliorer fortement ses performances spécialement quand l'image est soumise à des conditions d'imagerie contraintes. La performance de l'approche proposée est évaluée avec des images réelles aussi bien dans les deux domaines, 2D que 3D. Nous avons abordé dans le domaine 2D, un problème lié à l'appariement des éléments caractéristiques dans des images. Dans le domaine 3D, nous avons résolu les problèmes d'appariement et alignement des vues partielles tridimensionnelles. Les résultats obtenus ont montré qu'avec notre approche, les performances sont nettement meilleures par rapport aux autres méthodes existantes.
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Delorme, Arnaud. "Traitement visuel rapide de scènes naturelles chez le singe, l'homme et la machine : une vision qui va de l'avant." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00078924.
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À la frontière entre neurosciences et intelligence artificielle, les neurosciences computationnelles tentent de comprendre les formidables capacités de calcul du cerveau, notamment l'efficacité du traitement de l'image par le système visuel. Mon travail est un double travail expérimental et de modélisation. Dans la partie expérimentale, je tente de déterminer les raisons qui font la précision et la rapidité des processus visuels. On présente brièvement (20-30 ms) des photographies contenant ou non des animaux au sujet qui doit relâcher un bouton quand l'image contient un animal. Le singe macaque réalise cette tâche avec une précision légèrement inférieure à celle de l'homme mais avec une plus grande rapidité. Je tente ensuite de contraindre la catégorisation pour déterminer le rôle à la fois des propriétés intrinsèques des images - couleur, luminance, nombre d'animaux présents, parties visibles de leurs corps, espèce de l'animal... - mais aussi de leurs propriétés extrinsèques - condition de présentation, effet de séquence, familiarité du stimulus, consigne... Bien que certaines conditions accélèrent la catégorisation, les réponses les plus précoces (dont on montre qu'elles ne sont pas spécifiques de certaines images), et les enregistrements EEGs correspondant au traitement de l'image ne sont que très peu affectés. Cela implique donc un traitement rapide massivement parallèle - quasiment automatique - des informations visuelles, où chaque neurone du système visuel peut difficilement émettre plus d'une décharge. À partir de ces contraintes, et de celles imposées par la structure du système visuel, j'ai construit un simulateur biologiquement plausible (SpikeNET) qui permet de simuler le comportement des neurones réels (de la détection de barres orientées jusqu'à la reconnaissance de visages). Les performances de ces modèles sont étonnantes du point de vue du traitement d'image et rivalisent avec les approches classiques en intelligence artificielle.
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PANWAR, VIVEK. "Interest Point Sampling for Range Data Registration in Visual Odometry." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/6858.
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Accurate registration of 3D data is one of the most challenging problems in a number of Computer Vision applications.
Visual Odometry is one such application, which determines the motion, or change in position of a moving rover by registering 3D data captured by an on-board range
sensor, in a pairwise manner. The performance of Visual Odometry depends upon two main factors, the first being the quality of 3D data, which itself depends upon the type of sensor being used. The second factor is the robustness of the registration algorithm. Where sensors like stereo cameras and LIDAR scanners have been used in the past to improve the performance of Visual Odometry, the introduction of
the Velodyne LIDAR scanner is fairly new and has been less investigated, particularly for odometry applications.
This thesis presents and examines a new method for registering 3D point clouds generated by a Velodyne scanner mounted on a moving rover. The method is based on one of the the most widely used registration algorithms called Iterative Closest Point (ICP). The proposed method is divided into two steps. The first step, which is also the main contribution of this work, is the introduction of a new point sampling method, which prudently select points that belong to the regions of greatest geometric variance in the scan. Interest Point (Region) Sampling plays an important role in the performance of ICP by effectively discounting the regions with non-uniform resolution and selecting regions with a high geometric variance and uniform resolution. Second step is to use sampled scan pairs as the input to a new plane-to-plane variant of ICP, known as Generalized ICP.
Several experiments have been executed to test the compatibility and robustness of Interest Point Sampling (IPS) for a variety of terrain landscapes. Through these experiments, which include comparisons of variants of ICP and past sampling methods, this work demonstrates that the combination of IPS and GICP results in the least localization error as compared to all other tested method.Thesis (Master, Electrical & Computer Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2011-11-03 11:12:43.596
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Somers, David C., Emanuel V. Todorov, Athanassios G. Siapas, and Mriganka Sur. "Vector-Based Integration of Local and Long-Range Information in Visual Cortex." 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/7190.
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Integration of inputs by cortical neurons provides the basis for the complex information processing performed in the cerebral cortex. Here, we propose a new analytic framework for understanding integration within cortical neuronal receptive fields. Based on the synaptic organization of cortex, we argue that neuronal integration is a systems--level process better studied in terms of local cortical circuitry than at the level of single neurons, and we present a method for constructing self-contained modules which capture (nonlinear) local circuit interactions. In this framework, receptive field elements naturally have dual (rather than the traditional unitary influence since they drive both excitatory and inhibitory cortical neurons. This vector-based analysis, in contrast to scalarsapproaches, greatly simplifies integration by permitting linear summation of inputs from both "classical" and "extraclassical" receptive field regions. We illustrate this by explaining two complex visual cortical phenomena, which are incompatible with scalar notions of neuronal integration.
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Tseng, Tai-Hsiang, and 曾泰祥. "Assessing the visual comfort range of a large-size stereoscopic LCD display." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28619671699114708116.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
應用科技研究所
100
Display technologies improve greatly in recent years. Large size 3D TVs are now bringing 3D immersive experience from cinemas to our living room. However, many customers still worry about 3D visual discomfort issue. Methods for improving visual comfort of large format 3D TVs therefore are worth studying. The aim of the study is to investigate visual comfort range of a large-size 3D LCD display for depth- image-based algorithms to scale parallax angles into the range. The study tried to answer six questions including： What is the visual comfort range? What is the fusion limit? Is the comfort range depended on the parallax of background or foreground? Can the comfort range be extended by background burring? Is the comfort range for small interpapillary-distance observers is different from normal observers? Is the comfort range is image dependent? A series of psycho-visual experiments were conducted to answer those questions. The results show that： (1) For a toed-in 3D image, the visual comfort range is about 1.5o visual disparity angles from a background to a foreground object. (2) The fusion limit is about 0.8 o visual disparity angles. (3) The comfort ranges for different background or foreground parallax is similar. (4) Background blurring would extend the comfort range. (5) The comfort range of small interpapillary-distance observers is smaller than normal observers. (6) The comfort range is image dependent for toed-in 3D images but independent for parallel 3D images. The study evaluated 3D visual comfort for only one viewing distance. More viewing conditions should be tested for deriving a versatile model to improve 3D visual comfort of large-size 3D LCD displays.
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Chen, Chien-Lin, and 陳建霖. "Application of GNSS with Visual and Range Sensors to Outdoor Security Robot." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/b7q2bq.
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TE-CHIH, WANG, and 王德智. "High Dynamic Range Image Processing Based Visual System for Robot Soccer Games." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47125296957740902132.
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碩士南台科技大學
電機工程系
101
This thesis proposes a visual system which is based on high dynamic range (HDR) image processing scheme for robot soccer games. The system platform consists of the image processing system, the planning and decision making systems, and the motion control system. In which, the image processing system included high dynamic range image processing and image weighting correction algorithms to analyze the global field images firstly. Then it performs color space transformation and local correction for optimization of image processing. Besides, the planning and decision making system determines path planning, obstacle avoidance, real-time control and decision making based on the resultant image information. Finally, the motion control system will accomplish ball tracking, kicking, and defense motions to play robot soccer games. The experimental results show in real 3 vs. 3 robot soccer games reveal and demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed system.
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Chou, Yo Shin, and 周祐行. "Research on Sensor Integration of Laser Range Finder and Visual Camera for Mobile Robots." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28863521211532269152.
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碩士長庚大學
機械工程研究所
96
The main objective of this thesis is to develop reliable automatic map construction methods that allow an autonomous mobile robot to navigate in an unknown environment. The URG-04LX laser range finder, provided by Hokuyo Inc., is efficient in providing two-dimensional distance information in each scan, but the sensor fails in sensing black-colored thin objects, such as the legs of chairs, which are crucial for practical obstacle-avoidance execution. On the other side, the binocular stereo vision system, manufactured by Videre Design Inc., is capable of generating three-dimensional images of any objects in front of it, although the images are usually incomplete if the objects are lack of significant features. We thus integrate benefits of the two sensors by projecting three-dimensional images, generated by the binocular stereo vision system, onto the two-dimensional maps obtained by the laser range finder. In incrementally constructing the maps, the latest environment data is firstly processed by the Chamfer method, and best coordinate transformation that matches the ever-constructed map is searched for using the downhill simplex optimization method. This procedure directly uses practically collected range data without encoders or allocation devices, such as GPS. Experimental results show that the integration can efficiently provide more practical map for the navigation of mobile robots.
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Bush, William S. "Gradients and ranges of visually selective attention based on location, objects, color, and size: Gradients are universal, but range is uniquely spatial." 2012. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3545907.
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Two interesting properties of the distribution of spatially selective attention have been noted in the behavioral and electrophysiological literature. First, there is a graded field of attention that expands from the center of the attended area. Second, the size of the attended area can be adjusted to be either larger or smaller in order to match the demands of the current task. Five event-related potential (ERP) studies are presented that extend these findings in several important ways; 1) The time frame of these two distribution properties is different. Results are consistent with a two stage model of spatial attention in which visual processing is initially enhanced for all stimuli presented near the center of the attended area as indexed by the amplitude of the first negative peak in the waveform (N1). Subsequently, the effects of narrowing or expanding the attentional field to the relevant size affects visual processing as indexed by the amplitude of the second negative peak (N2). 2) Object boundaries had limited impact on either the spread of the initial gradient of spatial selection or the scale of attention. 3) When selecting visual stimuli for attentive processing based on features such as color and size there is also a gradient of facilitation, but the impact of this graded selection on visual processing is not observed until later in processing, and is indexed by the amplitude of the selection negativity (SN). Furthermore, similar to the lack of interaction between object boundaries and the range of cued locations, the gradients of feature-based selection are not affected by the range of cued features.
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"Reliability of the CVI range: A functional vision assessment for children with cortical visual impairment." UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK, 2009. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3359412.
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Liu, Yao-Min, and 劉耀閔. "Visual Detection for a Concentration Range of Cu2+ by Phase Segregation of Cu-Cysteine Complex." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50538137296725611522.
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碩士臺灣大學
化學研究所
98
Visual and rapid determination of whether an analyte falls within or outside of a concentration range has been validated. The target analyte demonstrated in this study is Cu2+ which, among other transition metal ions, receives considerable attention of its biological and environmental importance. Concerning the reactions of cysteine (Cys) and Cu2+ under proper conditions, the colloidal gold solution with Cys and Cu2+ becomes fluffily flocculated in 3 minutes. The fluffy floccules appear reddish and the solution between the floccules becomes colorless owing to the adsorption of gold nanoparticles on the floccules. According to our experimental results and literature studies, the mercapto group from Cys is oxidized due to reducing Cu2+ into Cu+ which be bound with excess Cys and generates Cu+Cys. These Cu+Cys complexes will further form μ-thiolato complex polymers [Cu+Cys]n ascribed to the fluffy floccules and phase segregation. The visualization of the polymerization takes less than 3 minutes for [Cu2+]0/[Cys]0 ranging from 0.4 to 0.5. When [Cu2+]0/[Cys]0 > 0.5, the solution exhibits free Cu+ because of the limited amount of Cys. The Cu2+ is regenerated by the disproportionation of free Cu+. The Cu2+ oxidizes Cys from Cu+Cys monomer. As a result, no phase segregation is observed when [Cu2+]0/[Cys]0 > 0.5. As [Cu2+]0/[Cys]0 < 0.4, the time required for fluffy floccules formation is over 3 minutes.
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Lin, Cheng-Han, and 林承翰. "Visual Detection of a Tunable Concentration Range of Fe3+ by the Formation of Phase Segregation." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96458304336431808187.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
化學研究所
100
Visual detection triggered by sensing reagents has been one of the central themes in contemporary chemistry. This thesis work develops a rapid screening scheme to determine whether the amount of Fe3+ falls into a diagnostic concentration range (9.0~31.3 uM) in human serum samples by the naked eye. It is important for applications under circumstances where instruments are not readily available. The goal is achieved by the formation of flocculates within a certain range of Fe3+-to-penicillamine mole ratios ((mFe3+/mpenicillamine)0). Experimental results show that flocculates formed less than 2 minutes for (mFe3+/mpenicillamine)0 ranging from 0.3 to 1.0 when Cu2+ exists. Outside the range, the solution appears homogeneous. With a handy laser pointer, Tyndall effect that the light is scattered by colloidal suspension is adapted to realize semi-quantification of Fe3+. The reaction depends on solution pH, temperature, ionic strength, and (mFe3+/mpenicillamine)0 mole ratios. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the visual sensing method is applied to serum Fe3+ detection. To investigate the mechanisms of forming flocculates, X-ray absorption spectrometer, reducing agent (ascorbic acid for Fe3+) and chelators (ferrozine for Fe2+, bathocuproinedisulfonic acid disodium salt for Cu+) were used in this study.
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Wilson, Peter G., University of Western Sydney, of Arts Education and Social Sciences College, and School of Contemporary Arts. "An investigation into a range of idiosyncratic crystalline glazes and aesthetically compatible forms." 2002. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/26007.
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This study documents the evolution of a unique body of ceramic work which straddles the areas of science and art. The author establishes the framework and context for the development of a range of ceramics incorporating crystalline glazes and forms. A personal aesthetic sensibility for the work is defined with reference to ceramics in general and specifically to the historical and contemporary development of glazes within this genre. The study articulates the stages of contemplation, design and development in the creation of a unique body of work which is cognisant of the decorative qualities of crystalline glazes. The forms are simple and uncomplicated, and the work is concerned with the pinnacle of the craft of ceramics at every level.Doctor of Creative Arts (DCA)
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Li, Wei-Chian, and 李維阡. "A Study of High Capacity Steganographic Algorithms for High Dynamic Range Images Based on Human Visual Sensitivity." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89822201100068818990.
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碩士國立中興大學
資訊科學與工程學系
96
High dynamic range images demonstrate significant advantages over the low dynamic range images. With the popularity of the Internet, steganography becomes more important as a means of concealing information from prying eyes before ultimately reaching its intended destination. This thesis presents two steganographic algorithms, which utilize a high dynamic range image as the cover image to embed secret message to become the stego image that can be applied for the covert communication. The first algorithm we propose is a high capacity and quality steganographic algorithm for high dynamic range images. Given an input high dynamic range image with the RGBE format, our algorithm considers the luminance distribution characterized in the cover image and the intensity difference existed in the neighboring pixels. The algorithm estimates the overall amount of message that can be embedded in a single pixel. Then, different red, green, and blue channels are assigned to certain parts of the overall message based on the color sensitivity inherent from the human vision. Finally, we present an original embedding technique to embed the payloads at each color channel. This allows our algorithm to be able to embed a great number of secret messages, yet producing the stego high dynamic range image with high visual quality. The second algorithm we propose is a steganographic algorithm for high dynamic range images based on human visual sensitivity. This algorithm improves the estimation step encountered in the first algorithm to determine the potential embedding capacity. In particular, we analyze the luminance distribution in the cover image and determine a number of appropriate levels into which secrete message can be embedded accordingly. Once the maximal and minimal capacity that can be embedded in a pixel are settled, we proceed on non-linear mapping of these two extremes to various luminance levels being determined. This allows our algorithm to estimate the possible embedding capacity using more precise information for the human visual sensitivity. As a consequence, the embedding capacity can be increased significantly. Experimental results show that, on average, the embedding capacity can achieve to the magnitude of 11.6~13.5 bits per pixel when using our first algorithm. In addition, we can increase the capacity to 12.9~20.3 bits per pixel when employing the second algorithm. To the best of our knowledge, this capacity is the highest in the literature of steganography for high dynamic range images. Our two algorithms have the following characteristics; namely, (1) appropriate to characteristics of high dynamic range images, (2) extremely high capacity, (3) high visual quality, (4) adaptability based on the human visual sensitivity, (5) the original embedding technique, (6) secure steganography, and (7) belonging to the blind detection scheme. The major contribution of our thesis includes the steganographic algorithms we proposed contain the originality, it has the highest capacity in the literature, and the algorithm makes full use of the human visual characteristics.
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Shih, Wei, and 石崴. "Hybrid Visual/Laser Range Finding in Topological Map Generation for Intrinsic Navigation of an Autonomous Mobile Service Robot." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/paa5qm.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
電機工程學研究所
106
The ability of navigation is a necessity for service robots.For example, we may ask a service to deliver objects, or take something in another room for us.In hotels, guests may order some meal in their room.Service robots need to be capable of carrying the meal from the kitchen to the room.Or in hospitals, service robots need to help deliver medicine or chemical containers.We can imagine that service robots are around us in every public area in the future.In these scenarios, service robots need to understand environments and navigate to destination safely and robustly. Navigation methods nowadays are mainly based on metric maps.Metric maps are normally generated by SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) methods.With metric maps provided, robots can plan a shortest to destination with ease.However, these planned paths may not be the most human preferable ones.Some paths may be too close to corner, or passing through some unwanted areas.In other words, metric maps only record information of space occupation.Information of available and human preferable paths are not included.This can be a disadvantage once we want to make a service robot be fastly applied in any indoor environment.Moreover, metric maps are lack of semantic meaning.Metric maps are normally composed of precise coordinates.Once we want a service robot to do navigation, we also need to give it a set of coordinate.This situation is similar to providing longitude and latitude when someone wants to go to a place.In this case, semantic meaning is ignored and not suitable for intrinsic understanding.Without semantic meaning, a service robot may struggling in reaching a precise coordinate.For example, if we want a service robot to go to ``living room", we need to provide a set of coordinate when using metric maps.The robot will try its best reaching the goal coordinate.Therefore, once there is an obstacle stop the robot from reaching the goal coordinate, the robot will judge that it hasn''t reached the goal even if it has already be in the ``living room".Although metric maps are rich in details and suitable for navigation, it is hard to label abstract concept on it.For example, it is difficult to define an appropriate region on metric maps to represent a ``living room".In the other hand, topological maps can store any data in their topological nodes, such as images or object labels.This can make it easier to integrate semantic meaning into maps.Nevertheless, topological maps are not precise enough.They cannot indicate precise spatial information compared metric maps.It is almost impossible to do navigation with only topological maps presented.To take advantage of both metric maps and topological maps, we propose a hybrid metirc-topomap.In this hybrid map, the topological map is responsible for semantic meaning recording, and the metric maps is used for collision avoidance.We store images in topological nodes, which is used for robot localization.The paths in mapping stage will also be recorded as topological edges.This help robots navigate in a more human preferable way in the future.We use a neural network to compare view from the robot and the images stored in the topological map, and then generate similarity values.We propose an image base particle filter to generate an ``semantic pose", which can give localization results more flexibility.With the help of topological maps and semantic pose, our proposed method can shorten navigation consumed time and make navigation with higher success rate.We test our algorithm in a 800 square meters indoor environment.We record the consumed time and success rate for the 5 paths in the environment.The experimental results show that the robot navigation success rate of our proposed method exceeds traditional navigation methods for about 16%.The result shows that our method can help service robots navigate more robustly.
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Mantiuk, Rafał [Verfasser]. "High fidelity imaging : the computational models of the human visual system in high dynamic range video compression, visible difference prediction and image processing / vorgelegt von Rafał Mantiuk." 2007. http://d-nb.info/985159871/34.
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Wen, Zhuo-Mou, and 溫卓謀. "A Research on the Degree of Visual Range and Attention (The experiment was conducted on a group of both male and female volleyball players, ball tossers, vis-a-vis non-athletes)." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07891265378456126728.
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wen, cho-mou, and 溫卓謀. "A Research on the Degree of Visual Range and Attention (The experiment was conducted on a group of both male and female volleyball players,ball tossers and strikers, vis-a-vis non- athletes)." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69085517230874781596.
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碩士國立臺灣師範大學
體育學系
84
A Reasarch on the Degree of Visual Range and Attention ( The experiment was conducted on a group of both male and female volleyball players, ball tossers and strikers,vis-a-vis non-sthletes) Abstract The study aims to deterimine the varying " degrees of visual range and attention" of participants having different sexes and different field roles in the game. The test group is composed of 80 participants, 40 of which aremale and 40 are female. The group is classified into ball tossers in volle-yball (20) , strikers (20) and non-athletes (40). All participants of the group have undergone two phases of training prior to the experiment. Duringthe third training phase a " ball receiving ability and stimulus parallel test " was conducted. The data from the pre-experiment two-way variance analysis on the difference of two sample variables revealed that : Volleyball players show a better degree of visual range and attention compared to that of non-atletes; whereas, volleyball players of both sexes and field role classifications show the same degree of ability. Moreover, no instances of interaction has been observed in the visual range and attention between the volleyball pla-yers,male & female alike,and non-athletes and between the ball tossers and strikers ,male & female alike.Therefore,the study conclides that environ-mental factors are the major influences affecting the development of theindividual's visualrange and attention. Hence, the study proposes that coaches should also payattention to the playing style used by a particularvolleyball player , at thesame time that they are observing the stamina and skills exhibited by the player during screening time.Furthermore, coachesshould also prepare a trainingprogram for the improvement of the degree oftheir players' visual range and attention ; such training will prove to be an asset in helping players achieveand record-breaking performance.
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Botha, Michelle. "Dance/movement therapy and the psychosocial well-being of learners with visual impairment : a case study." Diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25746.
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This transformative mixed method case study investigated the influence of Dance/Movement Therapy (DMT) as a physical activity on the psychosocial well-being of learners with the visual impairment of low vision in a school for the visually impaired in Gauteng. A study of existing literature indicated a series of psychological and social dynamics which shape a person with low vision’s self-esteem and subsequent psychosocial well-being. A DMT intervention programme was designed accordingly. Through a filtering process, six female, adolescent participants with possible self-esteem challenges were identified. These participants completed the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) prior to taking part in the eight 60 minute sessions of the DMT intervention programme. The RSES was completed again post-intervention. Results indicated an increase in the self-esteem levels of all six participants to various degrees. Qualitative measures, including observations schedules, process notes in a researcher’s diary and participant reflections in DMT Journey Journals supported quantitative findings.Mokgwa o, o o tswakantseng was diphetogo wa dithuto o batlisitse thotloetso ya Motantsho/ Motsamao wa pholo jaaka ikatiso ya mmele mo go itekanelong/ boitekanelong jwa tlhaloganyo ya barutwana ba ba sa boneng sentle mo sekolong sa bana ba ba sa boneng mo kgaolong/ porofinsi ya Gauteng. Dipatlisiso tsa dikwalo tse di leng teng di supa tatelano ya tlhaloganyo le loago e e farologaneng e e bopang go tlhoka go itshepa ga motho yo a neng le pono e e bokowa le tlhaloganyo le botho jwa gagwe. Ka jalo lenaneo la tseregano la DMT le ile la diriwa. Ka mokgwa wa go tlhopha, makgarebe a baša a le marataro, a a nang le mathata a go tlhoka boitshepo a ile a tlhopiwa. Ba tsaya karolo ba ba ile ba tlatsa kgotsa ba konosetsa selekano sa boitshepo sa Rosenberg (RSES) pele ba tsaya karolo mo go lenaneong la dikarolo tse robedi tsa metsotso e le 60 ya tserenanyo ya DMT. Morago ga tsereganyo selekano se ile sa tladiwa gape. Dipholo di supile kgolo e e farologaneng ya boitshepo mo go batsayakarolo botlhe ba le barataro. Ditekanyetso tsa boleng, tse di akaretsang lenaneo la ditlhokomediso, dintlha tsa tiriso tsa letsatsi le letsatsi mmatlisisi le maikutlo a batsaakarolo di totobatsa dipholo tse.dintsi mo dikwalong tsa tsela ya DMT.
Die invloed van die fisiese aktiwiteit van Dans/Bewegingsterapie op die psigososiale welstand van leerders met lae visie in ‘n skool vir gesiggestremde leerders in Gauteng is deur hierdie transformatiewe gemengde metode gevallestudie ondersoek. ‘n Studie van bestaande literatuur het ‘n reeks sielkundige en sosiale faktore wat die persoon met lae visie se self-beeld en gevolglike psigososiale welstand vorm uitgelig en ‘n Dans/Bewegingsterapie intervensieprogram is daarvolgens ontwerp. Ses vroulike adolesente deelnemers met moontlike self-beeld uitdagings is deur middel van ‘n filtreringsproses geïdentifiseer. Hierdie deelnemers het die Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) voor en na hulle deelname aan 8 60 minute sessies van die Dans/Bewegingsterapie intervensieprogram voltooi. Resultate het onderskeidelik ‘n toename in selfbeeldvlakke van al ses deelnemers tot in verskillende mates aangedui. Kwalitatiewe maatstawwe soos die gebruik van obserwasieskedules, prosesnotas in ‘n navorserdagboek en deelnemers se refleksies in hulle persoonlike Dans/Bewegingsterapie joernale het die kwantitatiewe bevindinge ondersteun.
Psychology of Education
M. Ed. (School Guidance and Counselling)