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Zhang, Zongxiang. "Using graphical representation of user interfaces as visual references." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/75630.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 129-133).
My thesis investigates using a graphical representation of user interfaces - screenshots - as a direct visual reference to support various kinds of applications. We have built several systems to demonstrate and validate this idea in domains like searching documentation, GUI automation and testing, and cross-device information migration. In particular, Sikuli Search enables users to search documentation using screenshots of GUI elements instead of keywords. Sikuli Script enables users to programmatically control GUIs without support from the underlying applications. Sikuli Test lets GUI developers and testers create test scripts without coding. Deep Shot introduces a framework and interaction techniques to migrate work states across heterogeneous devices in one action, taking a picture. We also discuss challenges inherent in screenshot-based interactions and propose potential solutions and directions of future research.
by Tsung-Hsiang Chang.
Ph.D.
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Broadus, Cassandra Ann. "Visual works of art as a stimulus for linguistic references and historical time conceptions in third grade students." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc798389/.
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This study investigated the relationship between visual cues in art reproductions, simple linguistic time vocabulary and children's temporal understandings. During interview sessions, 33 third-grade students attending two suburban schools were asked to place three art postcard reproductions sets in chronological order. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded for analysis. Linguistic references used to represent historical time and visual cues within the art postcards which caused students to place art works in a particular time sequence were documented.
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Appert, Damien. "Conception et évaluation de techniques d'interaction non visuelle optimisées pour de la transmission d'information." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30095/document.
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Dans des situations où la perception visuelle est fortement contrainte ou déficiente, il est nécessaire de rendre perceptible l'information dans une modalité non visuelle, tout en prenant en compte des capacités sensorielles et mnésiques humaines. Par exemple, un non-voyant, souhaitant prendre connaissance d'un itinéraire, devra le parcourir de façon non visuelle et le mémoriser. Cependant, outre l'aspect matériel, la mise en œuvre de solutions alternatives (non visuelles) demeure confrontée aux capacités cognitives de l'utilisateur (compréhension, mémorisation, intégration de plusieurs informations, etc.). L'objet de cette thèse est de contribuer à la conception de techniques d'interactions permettant d'optimiser la transmission non visuelle d'informations. A ces fins, j'ai exploré l'apport de la multimodalité comme moyen d'optimisation permettant d'outrepasser les limites de la mémorisation. Je me suis concentré sur l'étude des techniques d'interaction basées sur les modalités auditives et tactiles, en limitant au maximum l'utilisation de la parole, afin de concevoir des techniques pour des environnements différents (flexibilité), d'optimiser l'utilisation de canaux perceptifs (exploitation des propriétés du son dans des messages audio pour transmettre plus d'informations, par exemple), d'éviter de limiter mes techniques par la barrière de la langue ou de sa compréhension et enfin, pour explorer d'autres solutions que la synthèse vocale seule. Les travaux de ma thèse ont mené à la conception, à l'implémentation et à l'évaluation de techniques d'interaction multimodale non visuelle, en réponse à différents contextes, dont, en particulier, ceux de la transmission d'informations de type , (couple de coordonnées) et (séquence de couples direction-distance). Pour parvenir à concevoir mes interactions, j'ai, tout d'abord, effectué une revue de la littérature, afin d'en extraire les principaux facteurs de conception de techniques d'interaction dédiées à la transmission non visuelle d'information. Puis, j'ai organisé ces facteurs sous la forme d'un cadre d'analyse, sur lequel je me suis appuyé pour concevoir chacune de mes techniques. Trois expériences distinctes ont permis d'évaluer l'influence de facteurs de conception sur l'efficacité des interactions et la satisfaction des utilisateurs vis-à-vis des techniques. Je peux, notamment, citer l'implication des utilisateurs (actif ou passif), la présence d'aides explicites", la transmission de plusieurs informations en parallèle et la modalité principale utilisée et, le type de codage dans lequel est encodée l'informationIn situations where the visual perception is strongly constraint or deficient, it is necessary to make perceptible the information with a "not visual form" while taking into account human sensory and mnesic capacities. For example, a blind person wishing to acquaint an itinerary must read it under a non visual form and memorize it. However, besides the material aspect, the implementation of alternatives (non-visual) still faces to the cognitive abilities of the user (comprehension, memorization, integration of various information, etc.). The purpose of this thesis is to contribute to the design of interaction techniques allowing to optimize the transmission not visual of the information. For these purposes, I explored the feature of multimodality as a means of optimization, allowing of exceeding the memorization limits. I focused on the study of interaction techniques based on auditory and tactile modalities and by minimizing the use of the speech, in order to develop techniques for different environments (flexibility), optimize the use of perceptual channels (operating the properties of sound in audio messages to transmit more information, for example), avoid limiting my techniques by the language barrier or understanding and finally, to explore alternatives to the synthesised voice alone. The works of my thesis led to the design, to the implementation and to the evaluation of interaction techniques "non-visual" and "multiform", in answer to different contexts, whom in particular those of the information transmission of type , (pair of coordinates) and (sequence of couples direction-distance). To achieve design my interactions, I have made a review of literature in order to extract the main factors of design of interaction techniques dedicated to the transmission not visual of the information. Then, I have organized these factors in an analytical framework on which I have relied to design each of my techniques. Three separate experiments were led to evaluate the influence of design factors on the effectiveness of interactions and satisfaction towards users of technology. I can give some of them, the involvement of users (active or passive), the presence of explicit help, the transmission of several information in parallel, the main modality used and the type of coding in which is encoded the information
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Amaral, Laura Guidali. "A influência de imagens indiretas como fonte de inspiração no processo criativo de design." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2013. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/3687.
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Uma das principais características do conceito de Design Estratégico utilizado nesta pesquisa é o uso de um método de projeto que propõe uma etapa denominada metaprojeto - um espaço para discussão do problema de design. Nesta etapa, utliza-se um tipo especial de pesquisa chamado Pesquisa Blue Sky. Esta é composta essencialmente de referências visuais externas ao contexto do que se está projetando, e busca revelar tendências e apresentar estímulos úteis para o projeto. Na presente investigação busca-se refletir sobre o papel de imagens não relacionadas ao problema de projeto - referências indiretas - como fontes de inspiração no processo criativo de design. Para tanto se aborda a questão do problema de projeto mal estruturado e o seu processo de resolução; o pensamento criativo; e o uso da imagem como referência. É proposto um método de pesquisa de caráter exploratório que inclui o desenvolvimento de lincográficos e visa avaliar como estas imagens específicas são utilizadas durante o processo projetual. Apresentam-se indícios que o uso de imagens indiretas auxilia na formulação de ideias mais conceituais por aumentar o tempo de reflexão dos indivíduos sobre o problema e sobre a solução.
One of the main characteristics of the Strategic Design concept adopted in this research is the use of a design method that proposes a stage called metadesign - a space for discussion of the design problem. At this stage, a special type of tool is used, called Blue Sky research. It is essentially composed by visual references, that are external to the design context, and reveals trends and offers useful stimuli in the project. The purpose of this investigation is to reflect about the role of images not directly related to the design problems - indirect references - as inspiration sources for the creative design process. To do so, several aspects are reviewed, such as the "Wicked problem" and it's solution process; creative process; and usage of images as reference. A exploratory research, which includes the development of linkographs, is proposed in order to evaluate how these specific images are used during the project process. Evidence is presented, showing that indirect references help the formulation of conceptual ideas, by increasing the reflection time of the individuals about the problem and about the solution.
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Craig, R. Gordon. "Switching attention between visual frames of reference." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343555.
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Mender, Bedeho M. W. "Models of primate supraretinal visual representations." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ce1fff8e-db5c-46e4-b5aa-7439465c2a77.
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This thesis investigates a set of non-classical visual receptive field properties observed in the primate brain. Two main phenomena were explored. The first phenomenon was neurons with head-centered visual receptive fields, in which a neuron responds maximally to a visual stimulus in the same head-centered location across all eye positions. The second phenomenon was perisaccadic receptive field dynamics, which involves a range of experimentally observed response behaviours of an eye-centered neuron associated with the advent of a saccade that relocates the neuron's receptive field. For each of these two phenomena, a hypothesis was proposed for how a neural circuit with a suitable initial architecture and synaptic learning rules could, when subjected to visually-guided training, develop the receptive field properties in question. Corresponding neural network models were first trained as hypothesized, and subsequently tested in conditions similar to experimental tasks used to interrogate the physiology of the relevant primate neural circuits. The behaviour of the models was compared to neurophysiological observations as a metric for their explanatory power. In both cases the neural network models were in broad agreement with experimental observations, and the operation of these models was studied to shed light on the neural processing behind these neural phenomena in the brain.
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Bryer, Alan. "Pseudotumor cerebri (with special reference to visual loss)." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26342.
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AIMS OF STUDY: 1. To analyse the patients . who have been treated at Groote Schuur Hospital over the last seven years for Pseudotumor Cerebri. 2. To document the clinical features of this group of patients. 3. To determine the visual prognosis of this group. 4. To assess the forms of treatment that have been used in this group. 5. To review the literature with regard to: a) a comparison of the results of other studies with the present one. b) the pathophysiology of the condition. c) treatment of the syndrome. d) the visual prognosis of the syndrome.
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Krüger, Hannah Marie. "The reference frame of inhibition of return." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2013. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=202099.
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Against a plethora of visual input, visual attention filters and selects relevant information and disengages from irrelevant items. One possible mechanism to enable disengagement is reflected in inhibition of return (IOR), the finding that previously visited locations are responded to slower than locations that have not been investigated before. In line with the proposal that IOR reflects a mechanism to facilitate visual search, evidence suggests that IOR is coded in space-based (“spatiotopic”) coordinates, despite the largely retina-based (“retinotopic”) coding scheme of the visual system. For IOR to efficiently facilitate visual search it should be coded solely in spatiotopic coordinates, but recent investigations show retinotopic IOR effects alongside spatiotopic IOR. The putative function of IOR has also been challenged by the observation that the eyes return to previously visited locations more frequently than would be predicted based on chance. The presented program of research examines the factors that influence whether, and how, IOR is implemented in a way that would facilitate visual search. Firstly, it was examined whether it is an efferent signal about an upcoming eye movement or a more general prediction-based mechanism that maintains IOR in spatiotopic coordinates across eye movements. IOR was observed in both retinotopic and spatiotopic coordinates across eye movements, but was observed in a weakened form and only in location-based coordinates when objects, instead of the eyes, were moved. These results suggest that efferent signals about upcoming eye movements contribute to updating and maintaining IOR tags in useful locations when the eyes move. Secondly, the relative strength and robustness of retinotopic and spatiotopic IOR were examined; the relative frequency of cue-target pairings in retinotopic and spatiotopic references frames had no significant effect on the presence of retinotopic IOR, whereas practice with the experimental task strengthened spatiotopic IOR III and eliminated retinotopic IOR. Thirdly, spatiotopic IOR was observed to be more robust than retinotopic IOR for both saccadic and manual responses. Fourthly, for responses to targets appearing in the brief interval before the eye movement (< 150ms), IOR was observed in the future retinotopic location of the target, suggesting that IOR was remapped predictively. Finally, it was demonstrated that IOR is reduced for intermediate locations along pre-planned sequences of saccades. Taken together the findings of the presented series of research suggest that IOR is updated into spatiotopic coordinates across eye movements. Spatiotopic IOR involves the efferent signal of the eye movement and is updated predictively before the saccade, extending the notion that predictive remapping updates attentional pointers to updating of inhibitory effects. Retinotopic IOR was consistently weaker than spatiotopic IOR across all experiments, and was eliminated with practice, consistent with retinotopic IOR being an undesirable, but avoidable, consequence of inhibiting locations while moving the eyes. Finally, the reduction of IOR for intermediate locations along preplanned saccade sequences is consistent with the idea that the degree to which a location was attended can determine how inhibited that location subsequently becomes. It also could explain why refixations are commonly observed in free visual search, which would typically contain many such pre-planned sequences. Taken together, the findings are additional evidence that IOR reflects a mechanism that facilitates visual search under the conditions in which search normally occurs, that is, across overt eye movements and sequences of eye movements.
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Zribi, Salma. "Voir, savoir, concevoir : une méthode d’assistance à la conception d’ambiances lumineuses par l’utilisation d’images références." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPL061N/document.
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La lumière naturelle est une préoccupation forte dans la conception du projet architectural. Elle a une grande influence sur le confort visuel et la qualité architecturale des espaces intérieurs. Plusieurs méthodes et outils ont été développés pour assister les architectes dans la conception des ambiances lumineuses. L’analyse de ces différentes méthodes et outils montre qu’ils sont peu adaptés à l’activité de formulation des intentions des concepteurs durant les premières phases de conception.Dans le cadre de cette thèse, notre objectif est d’améliorer ces premières phases de conception en apportant aux concepteurs une aide pour la formalisation de leurs intentions d’ambiances lumineuses. L’objectif poursuivi étant de faire de la lumière naturelle un fil conducteur dans le développement du projet architectural.L’étude de la pratique des concepteurs durant les premières phases de conception fait apparaître qu’ils font fréquemment appel à des références jouant le rôle de dispositifs heuristiques. L’analyse des caractéristiques de ces références et de leur évocation montre que les images comme formes de référence favorisent l’expression des désirs, des souhaits et des intentions du concepteur. L’assistance à l’activité de référenciation par les images serait donc une aide précieuse dans la formalisation des intentions pour la prise en compte de la lumière naturelle dans la conception de projet.Nous développons une méthode fondée sur la constitution d’une base d’images références représentatives des ambiances lumineuses et sur un environnement de manipulation et exploration particulière de cette base. Pour ce faire, nous considérons d’une part le rôle de l’image-référence comme élément actif du raisonnement visuel et d’autre part, les aspects du processus de référenciation notamment dans un mode de raisonnement analogique.Cette méthode a été implémentée dans un outil prototype dénommé « day@mbiance ». Cet outil propose une base d’images composée de photographies illustrant des espaces intérieurs en éclairage naturel. Ces dernières sont indexées à partir d’un thésaurus original dédié aux « ambiances lumineuses ». L’outil, par ailleurs, expérimente différents modes de navigation par l’image qui sont définis de manière à stimuler les différentes activités cognitives dans chacune des phases du processus de référenciation.Enfin, la méthode développée a été testée lors d’une phase expérimentale qui a validé les éléments méthodologiques développésThe natural light is a strong concern in the design of an architectural project. It has a great influence on visual comfort and architectural quality of interior spaces. Several methods and tools have been developed to assist architects in the design of bright atmospheres. Analysis of these different methods and tools showed that they are not well adapted to the designers activity during the early stages of design. In this thesis, our objective is to enhance the early stages of design by providing designers with a support for the formalization of their intentions of bright atmospheres. The aim is to make natural light a thread in the development of the architectural project. The study of the practice of designers during the early stages of design has shown that they frequently use references acting as heuristic devices. Analysis of the characteristics of these references and their evocation showed that images, as type of references, promote the expression of desires, wishes and intentions of the designer. Assistance to the activity of referring by the images would be a valuable aid in the formalization of intentions to include the natural light into the project design. We developed a method based on developping an image database of representative references of bright atmosphere and supported with a handling environment and exploration of this particular base. To achieve this, we consider, in the one hand, the role of the reference-image as the active item of visual reasoning and, on the other hand, aspects of referring process, specially, in a mode of analogical reasoning. This method has been implemented in a prototype tool called « day@mbiance ». This tool provides an image database composed of photographs of interior spaces with natural lighting. These images are indexed using an original thesaurus dedicated to « bright atmosphere ». The tool also experiments different modes of navigation through images that are defined in order to stimulate different cognitive activities in each stage of the referring process
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Lester, Ben. "Attentional and Neural Manipulations of Visuospatial Contextual Information." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12985.
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A critical function of the human visual system is to parse objects from the larger context of the environment, allowing for the identification of, and potential interaction with, those objects. The use of contextual information allows us to rapidly locate, identify, and interact with objects that appear in the environment. Contextual information can help specify an object's location within the environment (allocentric encoding) or with respect to the observer (egocentric encoding).
Understanding how contextual information influences perceptual organization, and the neural systems that process a complex scene, is critical in understanding how contextual information assists in parsing local information from background. In the real world, relying on context is typically beneficial, as most objects occur in circumscribed environments. However, there are circumstances in which context can harm performance. In the case of visual illusions, relying on the context can bias observers' perceptions and cause significant motor errors. Studying the illusory conditions under which perceptual/motor functions are "fooled", or breakdown, can provide valuable information about how the brain computes allocentric and egocentric frames of reference.
The following studies examine how attentional (Chapters II & III) manipulations of visuospatial context affect components of observers' egocentric reference frames (e.g., perceived vertical or subjective midline) and how neural manipulations (Chapter IV) can modulate observers' reliance on contextual information. In Chapter II, the role of attentional control settings on contextual processing is examined. Chapter III addresses the question of how visuospatial shifts of attention interact with an egocentric frame of reference. Finally, Chapter IV examines the functional role of superior parietal cortex in the processing of egocentric contextual information.
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Parkyn, Daryl Charles. "Visual biology of salmonids with special reference to polarised light sensitivity." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ34280.pdf.
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Nascimento, Suelene Silva Oliveira. "A construção multimodal dos referentes em textos verbo-audiovisuais." www.teses.ufc.br, 2014. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/9504.
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NASCIMENTO, Suelene Silva Oliveira. A construção multimodal dos referentes em textos verbo-audiovisuais. 2014. 150f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Letras Vernáculas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Linguística, Fortaleza (CE), 2014.Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-10-20T13:47:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_dis_ssonascimento.pdf: 5865487 bytes, checksum: 5b3416975b4c5c32b27afe3e70f7e010 (MD5)
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This work has as main objective to analyze the referential construction of an verb audiovisual text based on verb categories of compositional metafunction in the Grammar of Visual Design (KRESS and VAN LEEUWEN, 2006). We assume that the meaning of things is not completely pre - set before being part of an utterance. The objects of the world, to be referred to by the speaker, are perceived by the individual, who, like each of the other speakers of the language, has a particular life experience and carries their knowledge, shaped by cultural and ideological constraints of their society and their times. We assume the fundamental assumptions of the Grammar of Visual Design (GDV), derived from the Systemic Functional Grammar. In order to verify this entanglement between the verbal and visual semiosis, we elected sociocognitivism, from which we propose a scaling effect in Linguistics Textual analysis (LT). At first, some studies verticalizes multissemioses who have already had a tonic in the field of LT. In a second step, we articulated the theory of multimodality and referral to other theoretical fields such as reading comprehension, in order to strengthen the scope of our research, establishing the studies already conducted and, in particular, exceeding the plan exclusively verbal. To carry out this study, we analyzed a short film, Vida Maria, Márcio Ramos, produced in computer graphics. The choice of this genre was due to the nature of our research tool – interview guidelines or semioriented, since we intend to analyze how is it related to the construction of the film at the time of display of short scenes, and as such reconstruction referents in a verbal-visual text mobilizes certain reading strategies.
Este trabalho tem como objetivo geral analisar a construção referencial de um texto verbo-audiovisual com base em categorias da metafunção composicional na Gramática do Design Visual (KRESS & VAN LEEUWEN, 2006). Partimos do princípio de que o sentido dos signos não está completamente pré-definido antes de fazer parte de um enunciado. Os objetos do mundo, ao serem referidos pelo falante, passam pela percepção do indivíduo, que, como cada um dos outros falantes da língua, tem uma experiência particular de vida e carrega sua bagagem de conhecimento, moldada pelas imposições culturais e ideológicas de sua sociedade e de sua época. Assumimos os pressupostos fundamentais da Gramática do Design Visual (GDV), oriundos da Gramática Sistêmico-Funcional. Para verificar esse entrelaçamento entre as semioses verbal e visual, elegemos o sociocognitivismo, a partir do qual propomos um redimensionamento das análises efetivadas em Linguística Textual (LT). Em um primeiro momento, verticalizamos alguns estudos sobre a multissemiose que já têm tido uma tônica no campo da LT. Em um segundo momento, articulamos a teoria da referenciação e a da multimodalidade com outros campos teóricos, como o da compreensão leitora, com o intuito de fortalecer o nosso escopo de investigação, elastecendo as pesquisas já realizadas e, em especial, ultrapassando o plano exclusivamente verbal. Para a realização do presente estudo, analisamos um curta-metragem, Vida Maria, de Márcio Ramos, produzido em computação gráfica. A opção por esse gênero se deu em virtude da natureza do nosso instrumento de investigação – entrevista por pautas ou semiorientada, uma vez que tencionamos analisar como se explica a construção dos referentes do filme no momento da exibição das cenas do curta, e como tal reconstrução dos referentes em um texto verbo-audiovisual mobiliza certas estratégias de leitura.
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Ball, Keira Louise. "What spatial reference frame is used for priming in visual search?" Thesis, Durham University, 2010. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/275/.
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The perception-action model proposes that vision for perception and vision for action are subserved by two separate cortical systems, the ventral and dorsal streams respectively (Milner & Goodale, 1995, 2006). It is argued that the dorsal stream codes spatial information egocentrically, that is, relative to the observer, and that these representations are highly transient. The purpose of this thesis was to investigate whether short-term spatial memory can use egocentric information. This was achieved by using spatial priming in visual search. Spatial priming manifests itself in speeded detection times for a target when that target appears in the same location that it previously appeared in (Shore & Klein, 2001). Target locations can be defined in either egocentric (i.e. relative to the body or a specific part of the body) or allocentric (i.e. relative to other items in the display) frames of reference. However, it is unclear which of these are used in spatial priming. It was found that both allocentric and egocentric cues were used, and that egocentric cues were the most effective for short-term priming (Study A). In exploring the nature of the egocentric frame of reference further, it was found that target location was not coded using an eye-centred frame of reference but rather it was coded relative to the observer’s body (Study B). Moreover, when participants moved to a new location and the relationship with the target was maintained, priming effects were still observed (Study C). The availability of egocentric information was tested further, and the priming effects were still observed after a minimum delay of eight seconds between the first and second presentations of a target location (Study D). Finally, it was found that the application of transcranial magnetic stimulation to the posterior parietal cortex did not modulate either allocentric or egocentric spatial priming effects (Study E). While the perception-action model predicts that egocentric information is short lived, the findings from the experiments presented in this thesis suggest that egocentric information can persist for several seconds.
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Nascimento, Suelene Silva Oliveira. "A construÃÃo multimodal dos referentes em textos verbo-audiovisuais." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=12650.
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nÃo hÃEste trabalho tem como objetivo geral analisar a construÃÃo referencial de um texto verbo-audiovisual com base em categorias da metafunÃÃo composicional na GramÃtica do Design Visual (KRESS & VAN LEEUWEN, 2006). Partimos do princÃpio de que o sentido dos signos nÃo està completamente prÃ-definido antes de fazer parte de um enunciado. Os objetos do mundo, ao serem referidos pelo falante, passam pela percepÃÃo do indivÃduo, que, como cada um dos outros falantes da lÃngua, tem uma experiÃncia particular de vida e carrega sua bagagem de conhecimento, moldada pelas imposiÃÃes culturais e ideolÃgicas de sua sociedade e de sua Ãpoca. Assumimos os pressupostos fundamentais da GramÃtica do Design Visual (GDV), oriundos da GramÃtica SistÃmico-Funcional. Para verificar esse entrelaÃamento entre as semioses verbal e visual, elegemos o sociocognitivismo, a partir do qual propomos um redimensionamento das anÃlises efetivadas em LinguÃstica Textual (LT). Em um primeiro momento, verticalizamos alguns estudos sobre a multissemiose que jà tÃm tido uma tÃnica no campo da LT. Em um segundo momento, articulamos a teoria da referenciaÃÃo e a da multimodalidade com outros campos teÃricos, como o da compreensÃo leitora, com o intuito de fortalecer o nosso escopo de investigaÃÃo, elastecendo as pesquisas jà realizadas e, em especial, ultrapassando o plano exclusivamente verbal. Para a realizaÃÃo do presente estudo, analisamos um curta-metragem, Vida Maria, de MÃrcio Ramos, produzido em computaÃÃo grÃfica. A opÃÃo por esse gÃnero se deu em virtude da natureza do nosso instrumento de investigaÃÃo â entrevista por pautas ou semiorientada, uma vez que tencionamos analisar como se explica a construÃÃo dos referentes do filme no momento da exibiÃÃo das cenas do curta, e como tal reconstruÃÃo dos referentes em um texto verbo-audiovisual mobiliza certas estratÃgias de leitura.
This work has as main objective to analyze the referential construction of an verb audiovisual text based on verb categories of compositional metafunction in the Grammar of Visual Design (KRESS and VAN LEEUWEN, 2006). We assume that the meaning of things is not completely pre - set before being part of an utterance. The objects of the world, to be referred to by the speaker, are perceived by the individual, who, like each of the other speakers of the language, has a particular life experience and carries their knowledge, shaped by cultural and ideological constraints of their society and their times. We assume the fundamental assumptions of the Grammar of Visual Design (GDV), derived from the Systemic Functional Grammar. In order to verify this entanglement between the verbal and visual semiosis, we elected sociocognitivism, from which we propose a scaling effect in Linguistics Textual analysis (LT). At first, some studies verticalizes multissemioses who have already had a tonic in the field of LT. In a second step, we articulated the theory of multimodality and referral to other theoretical fields such as reading comprehension, in order to strengthen the scope of our research, establishing the studies already conducted and, in particular, exceeding the plan exclusively verbal. To carry out this study, we analyzed a short film, Vida Maria, MÃrcio Ramos, produced in computer graphics. The choice of this genre was due to the nature of our research tool â interview guidelines or semioriented, since we intend to analyze how is it related to the construction of the film at the time of display of short scenes, and as such reconstruction referents in a verbal-visual text mobilizes certain reading strategies.
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Doherty, Laura Mary. "Early visual detection of oriented line targets : spatial characteristics, temporal characteristics, and reference frames of early visual orientation-processing." Thesis, Aston University, 1997. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/14546/.
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The orientations of lines and edges are important in defining the structure of the visual environment, and observers can detect differences in line orientation within the first few hundred milliseconds of scene viewing. The present work is a psychophysical investigation of the mechanisms of early visual orientation-processing. In experiments with briefly presented displays of line elements, observers indicated whether all the elements were uniformly oriented or whether a uniquely oriented target was present among uniformly oriented nontargets. The minimum difference between nontarget and target orientations that was required for effective target-detection (the orientation increment threshold) varied little with the number of elements and their spatial density, but the percentage of correct responses in detection of a large orientation-difference increased with increasing element density. The differing variations with element density of thresholds and percent-correct scores may indicate the operation of more than one mechanism in early visual orientation-processIng. Reducing element length caused threshold to increase with increasing number of elements, showing that the effectiveness of rapid, spatially parallel orientation-processing depends on element length. Orientational anisotropy in line-target detection has been reported previously: a coarse periodic variation and some finer variations in orientation increment threshold with nontarget orientation have been found. In the present work, the prominence of the coarse variation in relation to finer variations decreased with increasing effective viewing duration, as if the operation of coarse orientation-processing mechanisms precedes the operation of finer ones. Orientational anisotropy was prominent even when observers lay horizontally and viewed displays by looking upwards through a black cylinder that excluded all possible visual references for orientation. So, gravitational and visual cues are not essential to the definition of an orientational reference frame for early vision, and such a reference can be well defined by retinocentric neural coding, awareness of body-axis orientation, or both.
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MAGID, DIANE ALEXIS. "FRAMES OF REFERENCE, THE PERCEPTION OF SYMMETRY AND THE MIRROR ILLUSION (ENANTIOMORPHS)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/188154.
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The relationship between symmetry and apparent reversals of enantiomorphic (mirror-reflected) objects was investigated. Subjects were presented with a series of standard and enantiomorphic books with various structural symmetries. The object directions (top-front-right) assigned to standard books were compared with the directions assigned to their enantiomorphs and the axes of apparent reversal determined. The primary finding was that apparent reversals were not limited to the left-right dimension. Reversals of top-bottom and front-back were also obtained. In most cases, apparent reversals occurred along the axis of structural (geometric) symmetry. However, symmetry defined in structural terms did not always predict apparent reversals. In certain cases, subjects perceived reversals most often along the left-right axis, even though (depending on the book) reversals of top-bottom or front-back were equally possible. The concept of perceived symmetry, which includes but is not limited to structural symmetry, is developed. Also, the influence of perceived symmetry on frames of reference is discussed.
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McKenzie, Kirsten J. "The Integration of Visual and Haptic Information and Spatial Frames of Reference." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.519406.
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Young, Joseph Jr. "Allegiance by Design: Visual Identities in Reference to Political Ideology and Brand Loyalty." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1626257876186202.
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Ritter, Amy B. "My Body In Visual Culture." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1398882692.
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Serbun, Sarah J. "Memory for object details in self- and other- referencing." Waltham, Mass. : Brandeis University, 2009. http://dcoll.brandeis.edu/handle/10192/23325.
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Davidson, Michele. "The use of visual art for community development with specific reference to Kayamandi, Stellenbosch." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53693.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The central theme of this thesis is to establish the use of visual art for community development. This is done within the context of South Africa in Kayamandi, a Black Township near Stellenbosch. This example has been chosen because one of South Africa's major developmental challenges lies in Black Townships, due to the previous government's negligence toward these areas. Since the thesis focuses on a Black Township, the history of Black visual art during the 20th century, under colonial and postcolonial regimes is analysed. Subsequently, the notion of community development and how visual art contributes to development is outlined. The important role that community arts and community arts centres play in the contribution of visual art to community development is also defined. To this end qualitative and quantitative research has been conducted in Kayamandi. Artists, visual art groups and possible community arts centres were identified. By way of the Kayamandi study, it is understood that visual art is an established practice in Kayamandi. Under specified circumstances, visual art practice in Kayamandi does lead to community development. The establishment of a community arts centre could further increase people's use of visual art for community development.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die sentrale doel van die tesis is om die gebruik van visuele kuns vir gemeenskapsontwikkeling vas te stel. Dit word vasgestel binne die Suid- Afrikaanse konteks met spesifieke verwysing na Kayamandi, 'n Swart woonbuurt naby Stellenbosch. Dié gemeenskap is gekies omdat Swart woonbuurte een van Suid-Afrika se grootste ontwikkelingsuitdagings vergestalt. Dié uitdaging is die gevolg van nalatigheid van die vorige apartheidsregering ten opsigte van die gebiede. Die geskiedenis van Swart visuele kuns gedurende die 20ste eeu tydens die koloniale en postkoloniale regimes word ondersoek. Gevolglik word gemeenskapsontwikkeling en hoe visuele kuns daartoe bydra uiteengesit en bespreek. Verder word die belangrikheid van gemeenskapskuns en - kunssentrums én hul bydrae tot visuele kuns vir gemeenskapsontwikkeling gedefiniëer. Vir dié doel is kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe navorsing in die verband in Kayamandi gedoen. Kunstenaars, visuele kuns groepe en moontlike gemeenskapskunssentrums is ge-identifiseer. Die Kayamandi studie bewys dat visuele kuns 'n gevestigde praktyk in Kayamandi is. In gespesifiseerde omstandighede dra visuele kuns wel tot gemeenskapsontwikkeling in Kayamandi by. Die ontwikkeling van 'n gemeenskapskunssentrum in Kayamandi sal die inwoners se gebruik van visuele kuns vir gemeenskapsontwikkeling vergroot.
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Brown, Lawrence Bernard. "Development of test protocols and normal reference range for use in paediatric visual electrophysiology." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420789.
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Barnett, Tristan J., and tbarnett@swin edu au. "Mathematical modelling in hierarchical games with specific reference to tennis." Swinburne University of Technology, 2006. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20060504.151842.
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This thesis investigates problems in hierarchical games. Mathematical models are
used in tennis to determine when players should alter their effort in a game, set
or match to optimize their available energy resources. By representing warfare,
as a hierarchical scoring system, the results obtained in tennis are used to solve
defence strategy problems. Forecasting in tennis is also considered in this thesis.
A computer program is written in Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), to estimate
the probabilities of players winning for a match in progress. A Bayesian
updating rule is formulated to update the initial estimates with the actual match
statistics as the match is progressing. It is shown how the whole process can
be implemented in real-time. The estimates would provide commentators and
spectators with an objective view on who is likely to win the match. Forecasting
in tennis has applications to gambling and it is demonstrated how mathematical
models can assist both punters and bookmakers. Investigation is carried out on
how the court surface affects a player�s performance. Results indicate that each
player is best suited to a particular surface, and how a player performs on a
surface is directly related to the court speed of the surfaces. Recursion formulas
and generating functions are used for the modelling techniques. Backward recursion
formulas are used to calculate conditional probabilities and mean lengths
remaining with the associated variance for points within a game, games within
a set and sets within a match. Forward recursion formulas are used to calculate
the probabilities of reaching score lines for points within a game, games within
a set and sets within a match. Generating functions are used to calculate the
parameters of distributions of the number of points, games and sets in a match.
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Brundrit, Jean. "Photographic representation of lesbian identity with special reference to the Southern African context." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51873.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis presents a discussion of a photographic representation of lesbian identity in Southern Africa. Two photographic series, Does your lifestyle depress your mother? and the Dyke Career Series (collectively referred to/exhibited as Lavender Menace) produced during the period 1997 to 1999 form the practical component of this MA submission. Lavender Menace is considered in relation to lesbian identity, lesbian social visibility, stereotypes and the relationship between photography and 'reality'. The various readings that the works can be said to have, are discussed and an explanation of the purpose in photographing the 'ordinariness' of the lesbians who were imaged, is included. A historical overview of the concepts 'lesbian', and 'visibility'specifically in South Africa during the last 50 years, and how homophobia has affected lesbian life is presented in Chapter One. In Chapter Two, the notion of stereotypes is examined, particularly those of the 'butch' lesbian and the 'lipstick' or 'chic' lesbian. Neither of these stereotypes is entirely accurate and the role of stereotypes in potentially disseminating mis-information and prejudice, and how this influences potential ways of identity construction, is discussed. It can be seen that this influence of stereotypes on lesbians and lesbian visual representation cannot be ignored as the dominant stereotypes in society are too pervasive. The notion of readability is explored in Chapter Three. The constructed nature of photography, specifically with regard to Lavender Menace, is discussed in relation to truth, theatricality, the use of text and possible readings of the work. An explanation of my particular purpose in choosing to photograph in the way I did is included, concluding that although meaning is not fixed, the intention of the artist can be visually presented in a 'legible' manner (if desired) to assist possible interpretations. This thesis/research has been utilised to inform my own artistic production, by exploring the questions and issues raised while producing Lavender Menace, namely lesbian visibility, the use of stereotypes and how images are interpreted. This thesis and Lavender Menace should contribute to the general research area by promoting social visibility of lesbians in South Africa.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis bied 'n bespreking van 'n fotografiese voorstelling van lesbiese identiteit in Suid-Afrika. Die praktiese komponent van die voorlegging vir die Meestersgraad bestaan uit twee reekse fotos, Does your lifestyle depress your mother? en Dyke Career Series, wat in die periode vanaf 1997 tot 1999 geproduseer is (en gesamentlik as Lavender Menace uitgestal/beskou word). Lavender Menace word in verhouding tot lesbiese identitieit, lesbiese sosiale sigbaarheid, stereotipes en die verhouding tussen fotografie en 'werklikheid' beskou. Die verskillende lesings/beduidenisse wat die werk sou kon hê, word bespreek en 'n verduideliking van die doelstelling met die fotografering van die 'gewoonheid' van die lesbiese wat verbeeld is, word ingesluit. 'n Historiese oorsig van die konsepte 'lesbies' en 'sigbaarheid', veral in Suid-Afrika gedurende die afgelope 50 jaar, en hoe homofobie die lesbiese lewenswyse geaffekteer het, word in Hoofstuk Een aangebied. In Hoofstuk Twee word die idee van stereotipes ondersoek, veral die van die 'butch' en die 'lipstiffie-', of'sjiek' lesbiese vrou. Geeneen van hierdie stereotipes is geheel-en-al korrek nie en die rol van stereotipes in die potensiële verspreiding van verkeerde inligting en vooroordeel en hoe dit die potensiële wyses vir die konstruksie van identiteit affekteer, word bespreek. Daar word getoon dat die invloed van stereotipering op die lesbiese vrou en die lesbiese visuele voorstelling nie geïgnoreer kan word nie, aangesien die oorheersende stereotipes in die samelewing te deurdringend is. Die idee van leesbaarheid word in Hoofstuk Drie ondersoek. Die gekonstrueerde aard van fotografie, veral met betrekking tot Lavender Menace, word met betrekking tot die waarheid, die teatrale, die gebruik van teks en moontlike lesings/interpretasies van die werk bespreek. 'n Verduideliking van my besondere doelstelling met die keuse van hoé om te fotografeer word ingesluit, met die konklusie dat, alhoewel betekenis nie finaal vasgelê is nie, die bedoeling van die kunstenaar visueel op 'n 'leesbare' manier voorgestel kan word (indien dit verlang word) om moontlike interpretasies te ondersteun. Die tesis/navorsing is aangewend om my eie artistieke produksie in te lig deur die vrae en kwessies wat gedurende die produksie van Lavender Menace na vore gekom het, namens lesbiese sigbaarheid, die gebruik van stereotipes en hoe beelde geïnterpreteer word, te ondersoek. Hierdie tesis, tesame met Lavender Menace, behoort Inbydrae te lewer tot die navorsingveld in die algemeen deur die bevordering van die sosiale sigbaarheid van die lesbiese in Suid-Afrika.
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Agathos, Catherine Perséphone. "Reliance on the visual frame of reference in ageing across different sensorimotor tasks : from perception to walking." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS351/document.
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Le vieillissement entraîne une dégradation des mécanismes sensoriels d’intégration pouvant se manifester dans les tâches de la vie quotidienne des seniors par une perte d'autonomie et des risques de chute. Parmi les facteurs contribuant à l’augmentation de ces risques, certains pourraient relever d’une dégradation de la (re)pondération des signaux sensoriels se traduisant par une augmentation de la dépendance aux informations visuelles et aux références spatiales associées.Examiner la dépendance au référentiel visuel (DRV) dans le contexte du vieillissement permet ainsi de mieux comprendre:• si des effets d’âge sur la cognition et/ou la sensorimotricité sont liés à l’augmentation de la DRV;• si la DRV majorée des seniors indique un mode préféré de référentiation spatiale ou une conséquence des déficits liés à l'âge;• l’évolution de ces associations et ces mécanismes en étudiant des jeunes adultes, des adultes d'âge intermédiaire et des seniors.Dans le Chapitre 2, nous avons examiné les facteurs associés à une plus grande DRV avec l'âge. Nous avons confirmé les résultats classiques de la littérature en montrant une augmentation de la DRV avec l’âge, de plus celle-ci était associée avec une réduction de i) l’effet Aubert, indiquant une réduction de la dépendance au référentiel égocentré (DRE), ii) la capacité de traitement d'attention visuelle parallèle, et iii) la stabilité de fixation visuelle.Nous avons étudié ensuite les comportements d’orientation et de stabilisation de nos participants pendant des tâches posturales, et de marche face à des flux optiques linéaires projetés au sol. Dans le Chapitre 3, nos participants se tenaient 1) en posture érigée pieds serrés ou 2) marchaient sur place (MSP - contacts podaux intermittents) face à 1- une stimulation visuelle statique, 2- un flux optique naturel (aucune stimulation), 3- en approche ou 4- en recul. Les flux optiques ont surtout influencé la MSP induisant des dérives antéroposterieures de la tête, du tronc et du centre de pression (CdP). Les dérives étaient plus marquées chez les seniors par rapport aux autres groupes. Ces participants ont aussi montré des dérives naturelles en condition de MSP, i.e. sans stimulation visuelle projetée. La direction du flux optique a provoqué les effets les plus importants sur la dérive du CdP en association avec i) une DRV supérieure, ii) une DRE réduite et iii) une plus grande dérive naturelle,Dans le chapitre 4, nous avons étudié l'influence de ces mêmes flux sur le contrôle des paramètres de la marche et sur la stabilisation de la tête au cours de la marche. La dépendance au cadre de référence visuel s’est manifestée chez les seniors dans les conditions de i) flux naturel par une stratégie d’abaissement de la tête et une capacité réduite de stabilisation de la tête sur l’espace dont on peut penser que ces comportements visaient à maximiser l’utilisation des indices visuels disponibles, et ii) flux visuels imposés, par une réorientation du tronc et une augmentation de la fréquence du pas. Les résultats montrent aussi une adoption plus fréquente de la stratégie de stabilisation de la tête sur l’espace en conditions imposées de stimulation visuelle. Ce résultat suggère qu’un renforcement artificiel du flux optique mène à une adaptation posturale permettant une meilleure intégration des informations sensorielles pendant la marche.Nos résultats complètent les connaissances actuelles sur les relations entre la DRV et le contrôle sensorimoteur en fonction de la tâche perceptivo- motrice avec l’âge. Cette dépendance semble être associée à une réduction de l'exploitation du cadre de référence égocentrée en termes de perception de l’orientation du corps/verticale et de mouvement- propre, et se manifeste différemment selon la tâche. Enfin, notre travail ouvre des pistes de réflexion pour tenir compte de la DRV exacerbée dans la conception de protocoles d’entraînement pour des seniors plus dépendantsAging entails deficits in the mechanisms of sensory integration which may affect daily living tasks in old adults, ultimately leading to loss of autonomy and health risks, notably falls. Among the factors contributing to these risks, some may be associated with a degradation in sensory (re)weighting, leading to a greater reliance on visual cues and the associated frames of reference (FoR) (visual field dependence).Our aim was to study how preferential modes of spatial referencing influence sensorimotor control. Examining visual field dependence in the context of aging thus allows to better understand:• if age-related cognition and/or sensorimotor deficits are associated with increased reliance on the visual FoR;• whether this reliance indicates a preferred mode of spatial referencing or a consequence of age-related deficits;• how the above associations and mechanisms evolve by studying young, middle-aged and old adults.We first examined possible factors associated with greater reliance on the visual FoR with age (Chapter 2). We confirmed classic literature reports of increased visual field dependence in old age, and uncovered an association between greater visual field dependence and reduced i) reliance on the egocentric FoR, ii) parallel attentional visual processing ability, and iii) visual fixation stability.We subsequently examined the orientation and stabilisation behaviour of our participants during postural tasks and while walking under different conditions of linear ground optic flow. In Chapter 3, participants stood quietly or stepped in place (SIP – intermittent podal contacts with the ground surface) while confronted with 1- natural optic flow (no stimulus), 2- a static visual stimulation, 3- approaching and 4- receding optic flow. The results showed that the optic flow stimuli influenced SIP primarily as evidenced by anteroposterior drifting of the head, trunk and centre of pressure (COP). Old adults had larger amplitudes of drift compared to the younger participants, and drifted even under natural flow (natural drift) during SIP, indicating reduced egocentric self-motion perception. The most important directional optic flow effects were on the COP and were associated with i) increased reliance on the visual FOR, ii) reduced reliance on the egocentric FoR, and iii) greater natural drift.In Chapter 4 we investigated the influence of ground optic flow on the control of walking and head stabilisation. Reliance on the visual FoR in old adults was manifested under conditions of i) natural flow by a reduced head pitch orientation and ability to stabilise their head in space, which may indicate a strategy to maximise the salience of available visual cues and ii) imposed optic flow, by a re-orientation of the trunk in pitch and increase in stepping frequency. Our results also revealed a general improvement of head stabilisation under conditions of imposed visual stimulation towards a more frequent adoption of the head stabilisation in space strategy. This suggests that the artificial enhancement of optic flow provokes a postural adaptation in order to optimise sensory information processing when walking.Our findings extend current knowledge on the association between reliance on the visual FoR and sensorimotor control across adulthood and depending on the perceptivo-motor task. It is evident that this reliance is linked to a reduction in the exploitation of the egocentric FoR in terms of body orientation and self-motion perception, and that its manifestation depends on the task. Finally, our work provides insights for the design of training protocols aimed at frailer olds taking into account exacerbated reliance on the visual FoR
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Plank, Markus. "Behavioral, Electrocortical and Neuroanatomical Correlates of Egocentric and Allocentric Reference Frames during Visual Path Integration." Diss., lmu, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-102397.
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Katritzky, M. A. "A study in the commedia dell'arte, 1560-1620 : with special reference to the visual records." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e9e53854-2a31-4bbf-8ed1-ee414aa7f5a3.
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The research field addressed by this thesis is the commedia dell'arte and its iconography in the period preceding Callot's Balli di Sfessania engravings of c. 1621. Its main aim is to provide a broad overview of the surviving early pictures in order to contribute towards a more detailed understanding of the history of the commedia deH'arte in the opening decades of its existence, 1560-1620, by using late renaissance pictures as a documentary source. My research method has three main steps. These are firstly, the identification of relevant pictures, on the basis of a detailed understanding of the early history of the commedia dell'arte, and taking a deliberately inclusive approach; secondly, the classification of such pictures according to art-historical methods, in order to associate them with specific named artists so that they can be placed in the context of an oeuvre and place of production; thirdly, interpretation of their theatrical content. Integral to the thesis are the 340 plates. Many feature pictures which were anonymous or implausibly attributed, and unknown to theatre historians, before they appeared here or in my publications. My inclusive approach has contributed towards the marked rehabilitation of carnival pictures which is evident in the most recent scholarship in this area. My new discoveries, and attributions and re-attributions of some of the 340 plates, summarized in the plate list, have enabled me to identify significant bodies of commedia-related pictures by a number of named late renaissance artists not previously associated with theatre iconography, and provide a broad overview of the early stock types, their costumes and settings; contributions which are stimulating further research in this area. Section I summarises the rise and spread of professional acting in sixteenth century Italy, some forerunners of the commedia dell'arte, and its early stock types. It also presents new documentary material, discovered in the course of my archival researches, which is relevant to the earliest commedia performance for which a comprehensive description survives, staged in Munich in 1568. Section II presents art-historical analyses of three groups of prints in Stockholm, and six paintings which are the subject of an article published in 1943. It also presents an overview of a large group of Flemish pictures whose relation to two Italian prints demonstrates the progressive stereotyping of commedia-related motifs which was already occurring around 1600. Section III offers theatrical interpretations of the pictures, concentrating on scenery, set and stages; actresses; a selection of stock characters, including Harlequin, Zanni and Pantalone, and also some less wellknown figures such as tedescos and matachins; and multiple and serial images. The renaissance Italian comedians' multiple roots in amateur humanist comedy, professional entertainment and popular carnival ritual gave them their early creativity and wide appeal, and left their mark on the iconography which, by the seventeenth century, like the commedia dell'arte itself, was, for the most part, settling into a predictable routine based on precedents and conventions.
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Boddington, Michele Katherine. "The efficacy of visual feedback to enhance sporting performance with specific reference to field hockey." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3224.
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Perillo, José Roberto Campos. "A reference architecture for visually managing metadata-based components." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 2014. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3174.
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Developing component-based applications has always been a big challenge faced for software developers and architects. In the last 25 years, many metadata-based component models were proposed, and most of them include tools that allow controlling the lifecycle of components. However, it was not observed in the academy or in the industry an architecture or a model that can serve as abstraction for tools capable of visually managing metadata-based components and their relationships with other components. In this work, a reference architecture is proposed for such purpose. Tools based on it will provide developers, architects and systems administrators with better control over applications that make use of metadata-based components. For validation purposes, it is presented the Saturnus tool, which implements the proposed architecture and controls components of Spring DM-based applications. The "Management Application" is also presented as a proof of concept-it is a Spring DM-based application that was gradually evolved with Saturnus. After implementing both Saturnus and the "Management Application", it is possible to say that proposing such an architecture is feasible and that it is possible to visualize the organization of components in terms of graphs in tools that implement it, and also that these tools can effectively control metadata-based components and their relationships with each other, as well as their lifecycle. Consequently, it is now possible to have better control over the architecture of applications that make use of metadata-based components, tools able to control metadata-based components can now be created, metadata-based component models tend to be more used as other architectures or models able to support component-based development are proposed and now Spring DM-based applications can be better controlled with the help of Saturnus.
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Cova, Massimo. "Senyals visuals i creació artística: quotidianitat i referents 1990-2015." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/368229.
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Aquesta tesi investiga obres, projectes i models de creació artística contemporània que adopten, com a referents formals i conceptuals, unes senyals visuals espontànies, traces efímeres i transitòries presents en els entorns quotidians i generades pels comportaments i les interaccions de les persones.
Vam definir, en el seu inici, l'àmbit d'aquesta recerca des de la nostra experiència docent a secundària, per l'interès envers la varietat de les senyals visuals espontànies generades pels adolescents a l'escola, com també en el seu valor expressiu i comunicatiu. En aquell moment fou el començament d'un projecte artístic personal. A partir d'aquí, el desenvolupament de la pròpia recerca ens va mostrar autors, connexions entre obres i projectes de creació dins d'un espai visual més ampli de materialització i de significació relatiu a la nostra societat global.
Hem observat que una part significativa de la producció artística actual té com a referents de creació signes i elements visuals propis d'aspectes de la vida quotidiana, relacionats amb les complexes conseqüències de la internacionalització econòmica i cultural, així com del desenvolupament i de l'expansió de les noves tecnologies. Dins del context artístic contemporani considerem que pot haver-hi un espai per plantejar una reflexió sobre la capacitat que té l'art contemporani de formalitzar i reconfigurar dins de la seva pràctica, a partir d' aquests indicis visuals, emprats com elements de significació oberta, alguns valors culturals d'individus o de col.lectius.
La metodologia d'investigació de la tesi s'ha estructurat en dues línies paral•leles: una principal de recerca sobre els processos de creació artística o plàstica, però també de construcció conceptual i projectual, desenvolupada des de les obres de diferents autors relacionades amb els referents considerats, i una segona de producció artística personal annexa. Des del començament hem vist i analitzat, amb visites a exposicions i a manifestacions artístiques internacionals i locals, obres realitzades o vinculades a aquests entorns visuals i culturals.
Hem comprovat com els artistes, en les seves pràctiques, han considerat aquestes senyals, petjades i signes visuals, utilitzant llenguatges artístics sovint interdisciplinaris; i, en efecte, de com aquests procediments han definit el procés productiu i la seva conceptualització.
Les obres tractades en aquesta tesi s'han organitzat, en certa mesura, per categories de significació destacades en el debat actual, evidenciades i ampliades al llarg de la investigació, com són la virtualitat, el consum, les noves tecnologies, la violència, les migracions o la comunicació mediàtica entre d' altres. Quant a la part productiva personal, s'ha generat certa reconsideració dels materials i dels suports plàstics, així com dels continguts, a través de la creació d'obres vinculades als marcs de referència examinats, que han anat evolucionant fins a concretar un projecte artístic i noves línies experimentals.
Amb aquests resultats oberts i sense cap voluntat conclusiva, creiem que podem contribuir a ampliar, ordenar i aprofundir alguns aspectes rellevants de l'experiència artística contemporània, aportant arguments d'anàlisi i de significació, i ordenant recursos productius de la pràctica creativa contemporània, que es troben vinculats i proposats en aquesta tesi.
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Pinedo, Carlos. "Effects of a combined 3-D auditory/visual cueing system and non-distributed flight reference on visual target detection using a helmet-mounted display." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34683.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-56).
An air-combat pilot must both control the aircraft and locate targets. The objective of this study was to determine combined effects of using the Non-Distributed Flight Reference and 3-D audio/visual cueing system for the purpose of easing pilot control and aiding target location. The Non-Distributed Flight Reference was compared against the Military Standard display, while three different target cues were presented for target acquisition: (1) 3-D Audio Only, a voiced signal = "Target-Target", (2) Visual Only, a line emanating from the aim-sight reticle (located in the center of the subject's field of view) pointing towards the target aircraft, and (3) a Combined Audio/Visual cue, providing both cues. The subjects were asked to fly a simulated aircraft at a commanded heading and altitude while targets appeared from 15 different locations (three elevations 0⁰, +40⁰, and five azimuths 0⁰, ±30⁰, ±60⁰). Subject deviations from heading and altitude were used to determine flight performance, and target cue effectiveness was determined by recording the time to target. The results of this experiment showed that there was no significant difference (p < 0.05) in flight performance between the Non-Distributed Flight Reference and the Military Standard displays. The combined Audio/Visual Cueing system resulted in the fastest search times.
(cont.) These results are consistent with the findings from past research. The cleaner more integrated Non-Distributed Flight Reference allowed subjects to visually acquire targets quicker with no decrease in flight performance. Using the Non-Distributed Flight Reference display for attitude information combined with a 3-D Audio/Visual cueing system for target acquisition is a promising method of reducing search time during a visual search task.
by Carlos Pinedo.
S.M.
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Ege, Ufuk. "Costume in Chaucer's works with special reference to the visual history of costume in his era." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310504.
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Hunter, Timothy John. "The visual appearance of knights in the twelfth century with particular reference to romance and colour." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386476.
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Rajjal, Yasser Ibrahim. "The visual evaluation of historic city centres : with particular reference to Salt City centre in Jordan." Thesis, Glasgow School of Art, 1998. http://radar.gsa.ac.uk/4015/.
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Headlee, Jonathan Michael. "A No-reference Image Enhancement Quality Metric and Fusion Technique." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1428755761.
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Flöring, Stefan [Verfasser], Hans-Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Appelrath, and Tobias [Akademischer Betreuer] Isenberg. "KnoVA: a Reference Architecture for Knowledge-based Visual Analytics / Stefan Flöring. Betreuer: Hans-Jürgen Appelrath ; Tobias Isenberg." Oldenburg : BIS der Universität Oldenburg, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1050299485/34.
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Flöring, Stefan Verfasser], Hans-Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] [Appelrath, and Tobias [Akademischer Betreuer] Isenberg. "KnoVA: a Reference Architecture for Knowledge-based Visual Analytics / Stefan Flöring. Betreuer: Hans-Jürgen Appelrath ; Tobias Isenberg." Oldenburg : BIS der Universität Oldenburg, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:715-oops-15310.
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Xavier, Francine Porto Gomes. "Condicionalidades do Programa Bolsa Família referentes à educação vistas por beneficiários." Universidade Catolica de Pelotas, 2015. http://tede.ucpel.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/588.
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O Programa Bolsa Família (PBF) é um programa de transferência direta de renda que beneficia famílias em situação de pobreza e de extrema pobreza em todo o País. O Bolsa Família possui três eixos principais focados na transferência de renda, condicionalidades e ações de programas complementares. Através das condicionalidades, o programa objetiva o aumento do capital humano dos seus beneficiários, uma vez que o alívio da pobreza em curto prazo, por meio de transferências de renda e do combate a sua transmissão intergeracional, ajuda as famílias a realizar investimentos em si mesmas. A pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar o que as famílias que estão em descumprimento das condicionalidades referentes à educação conhecem sobre as regras do programa e analisar, por meio do discurso destas, quais são as principais dificuldades no cumprimento dessas condicionalidades. Das 91 crianças em descumprimento no mês de maio de 2014, sete foram selecionadas aleatoriamente para que o responsável familiar respondesse a uma entrevista semiestruturada. A partir da análise dos dados coletados identificaramse três categorias: Submissão/Subalternidade x Autonomia; Geração de emprego e renda x Escolaridade; Condicionalidade x Enfraquecimento Parental. Conclui-se que, apesar das famílias conhecerem as regras do programa, o enfraquecimento parental, devido principalmente pela condição de pobreza, leva a uma desorganização familiar, o que diminui a frequência escolar regular das crianças. As usuárias também se referem à falta de cursos de formação profissional adequados às suas peculiaridades e necessidades; maior integração das ações dos diversos protagonistas nas áreas da saúde, educação e assistência social; e escola de qualidade, que valorize o professor com programas de educação continuada.
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R, V. Krishnam Raju Kunadha Raju. "Perceptual Image Quality Prediction Using Region of Interest Based Reduced Reference Metrics Over Wireless Channel." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för tillämpad signalbehandling, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-13631.
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As there is a rapid growth in the field of wireless communications, the demand for various multimedia services is also increasing. The data that is being transmitted suffers from distortions through source encoding and transmission over errorprone channels. Due to these errors, the quality of the content is degraded. There is a need for service providers to provide certain Quality of Experience (QoE) to the end user. Several methods are being developed by network providers for better QoE.The human tendency mainly focuses on distortions in the Region of Interest(ROI) which are perceived to be more annoying compared to the Background(BG). With this as a base, the main aim of this thesis is to get an accurate prediction quality metric to measure the quality of the image over ROI and the BG independently. Reduced Reference Image Quality Assessment (RRIQA), a reduced reference image quality assessment metric, is chosen for this purpose. In this method, only partial information about the reference image is available to assess the quality. The quality metric is measured independently over ROI and BG. Finally the metric estimated over ROI and BG are pooled together to get aROI aware metric to predict the Mean Opinion Score (MOS) of the image.In this thesis, an ROI aware quality metric is used to measure the quality of distorted images that are generated using a wireless channel. The MOS of distorted images are obtained. Finally, the obtained MOS are validated with the MOS obtained from a database [1].It is observed that the proposed image quality assessment method provides better results compared to the traditional approach. It also gives a better performance over a wide variety of distortions. The obtained results show that the impairments in ROI are perceived to be more annoying when compared to the BG.
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Heristchi, Vincent. "Neige électronique - L'effet vidéo." Thesis, Paris 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA030105.
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Si la vidéo est d’un usage courant à la télévision et dans la pratique amateur depuis plusieurs décennies, sa mise en contact avec des films tournés sur pellicules 16 ou 35mm traditionnelles est plus occasionnelle, tout en offrant de nouvelles possibilités esthétiques. En conservant la texture particulière de la vidéo dans un mélange et une confrontation des formats, un effet peut se produire. La création de cet « effet vidéo » est l’objet de notre étude. Que peut l’apparition d’une image vidéo, définie et lisible comme telle, à l’intérieur d’une oeuvre de fiction ou de documentaire dont le support de référence est le celluloïd ? Nous examinerons ainsi certains films de [notamment] Robert Kramer, William Klein, Michael Haneke, Fritz Lang, Jean-Luc Godard, Atom Egoyan, David Cronenberg, David Lynch, Abbas Kiarostami, Abel Ferrara, Wim Wenders, Chris Marker ou Jean-Daniel Pollet. Ayant déterminé le support de référence, nous constaterons que ces images renvoient à un type particulier d’effet vidéo [télévisuel, de surveillance ou amateur-intime], pour étudier ensuite comment ces données peuvent être perverties. Nous analyserons comment la vidéo peut perdre toute justification narrative à l’intérieur de l’œuvre, et infléchir par sa seule texture l’émotion du spectateur, pour éventuellement « faire l’image » [pour reprendre l’expression de Samuel Beckett]. Enfin, en rendant sa nature instable, nous constaterons que l’effet vidéo peut permettre les écarts d’un souffle poétiqueVideo is currently used on television and as an amateur format, and has been for a few decades. But its mixing with feature movies shot on traditional 16 or 35 millimetres is more occasional, even if it can offer new aesthetical possibilities. By keeping the particular texture of video, in a mix and a confrontation of formats, an effect can occur. The creation of that “video effect” is the subject of this study. What can create a video image [defined and readable as video] when a fiction or a documentary’s reference of format is on celluloid? To that purpose, some films directed by Robert Kramer, William Klein, Michael Haneke, Fritz Lang, Jean-Luc Godard, Atom Egoyan, David Cronenberg, David Lynch, Abbas Kiarostami, Abel Ferrara, Wim Wenders, Chris Marker or Jean- Daniel Pollet will be investigated. These images determine a particular video effect [television, CCTV or amateur-intimate], and its constituting elements can be altered. Video can also lose all its narrative justification and influence the audience’s emotions only through its texture, in order to eventually « make the image » [in reference to Samuel Beckett’s short story]. Finally, by creating instability in the nature of its constitution, the video effect can contain the openness of a poetic whisper
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Griffiths, Corona Gracelyn. "An investigation into the visual literacy skills of Black primary-school children from an informal settlement in Cape Town, with particular reference to visual imagery in educational textbooks." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002199.
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This thesis provides evidence that learning difficulties some. black primary-schoolchildren may experience with certain textbooks, can be attributed, in part, to the visual text (imagery). These difficulties were established by eliciting responses from educationally dlscfdvantaged urban black primary learners to selected examples of visual texts using the Research Interview method. To further establish if these difficulties were attributable either to poorly executed/unrecognizable visual text, or to low levels of learned educational visual literacy skills - white primary-school children were also interviewed - as it was anticipated that they would be familiar with Western pictorial material due to their consistent exposure to books from an early age. The difficulties experienced by the black interviewees were attributed mainly to their level of learned pictorial perceptual skills and to a lesser extent to poorly/inadequately illustrated visual texts. It was found from interviews with the developers of visual texts - publishing personnel and illustrators - that the former were not entirely certain e.xactly which aspects of visual text were difficult for black primary learners to comprehend, while the latter were generaUy very uncertain. The procedure for visual text development by the developers (including textbook authors), was found to be problematic due to the lack of synthesis and consultative decision making in the process- between these persons. The limited time allocated to illustrators for producing visual text, as well as their professional isolation, were found to be factors which can give rise to ineffective and inadequate visual texts. Most publishers and authors, if they trial (field-test) materials, generally do not trial the visual text. The visual text is usually decided upon ultimately by the poblishers and produced after trialling and/or consultants have examined the written text. Consequently incongruent meanings and inconsistencies can result between written and visual text, which can affect the learning effectiveness of the composite text. Trialling (field-testing) of visual and written text together, was recommended to identify and address any difficulties experienced by learners prior to final publication of the textbook. Recommendations were provided for textbook selection committees, authors, teachers, publishers and illustrators.
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Hettiarachchi, Don Lahiru Nirmal Manikka. "An Accelerated General Purpose No-Reference Image Quality Assessment Metric and an Image Fusion Technique." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1470048998.
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Liao, P. "An inquiry into the creative process of Butoh : with reference to the implications of Eastern and Western significances." Thesis, City University London, 2006. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/11883/.
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This thesis investigates the creative processes of Butoh choreography. A phenomenological perspective is used in this thesis to explore the implications for choreographers of the choreographic options employed in Butoh creative processes. Phenomenology corresponds to the Japanese philosophical context which gave birth to Butoh, elucidating the worldview merging with the universe which underpins Butoh. In terms of phenomenology, merging with the universe is firstly understood as a state of inter-subjectivity or transcendental consciousness, and secondly as the interweaving through actions of individual woridviews and a greater world of shared socio-cultural significances contributed by different people. The inter-subjective relationship between self, other self and objects is used to examine and elucidate the juxtaposition of various kinds of imagery in Butoh. The phenomenological notion of actions is used to examine bodily movement with respect to a greater world in Butoh. Phenomenology particularly corresponds to some of the fundamental processes used by Butoh choreographers. The choreographers' initial options for treating materials, namely visceral sensations as media for merging with the universe, texts as media for perception, paintings as media for presenting images, and actions as building blocks of an inter-subjective world, are inclined to guide the creative processes to develop the manifold of a spiritual imagery and bodily actions. These options and treatments are elucidated in this thesis through the network of perception and the phenomenological notion of graded fulfillment. The choreographer's treatment of the materials requires that the network of perception operates differently for different materials. The results of the operations are then integrated by the choreographer, through a process of graded fulfillment, into a holistic perception of the imagery or into a greater world, of which every image on stage is a part. In contrast the dialectical choreographic options, namely texts as tools for reasoning, paintings as representative structures of the subjects, and actions as representative units of social structure and cultural patterns, are inclined to guide the choreographers towards a focus on the development of formalised postures and gestures. The dialectical options are underpinned by rationalist, sociological or anthropological perspectives. It is argued that both the initial and dialectical options have value. The initial and dialectical options have co-existed and merged over the course of Butoh's development. Through their use different significances are incorporated into dance through the creative processes. Those significances can be identified as mainly rooted in Eastern philosophy, but later expanded to include Western philosophy when Butoh began to develop in a global context. Accordingly, Butoh creative processes are enriched by the use of a variety of choreographic options and by incorporating viewpoints from different people and perspectives.
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Zampini, Patrizia. "Edith Wharton and the visual arts : a study of her work with special reference to the early period." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.624912.
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黃嘉輝 and Ka-fai Wong. "The problems of visual discourse: a study of the politics of representation with special reference to thephotographic image." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1988. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31208988.
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Landgraf, Steffen. "Cognitive Markers in Psychosis : reference Frames in Spatial Cognition and Visual Scanning-Strategies as Stage Markers in Schizophrenia." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066198.
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Les atteintes du fonctionnement cognitif sont au cœur de la clinique de la schizophrénie. Ce travail présente un modèle basé sur la littérature scientifique qui vise à mettre en évidence un déficit de l’expérience personnelle dans la schizophrénie. Vingt-quatre schizophrènes stabilisés et 25 témoins appariés ont été testés à l’aide de trois paradigmes visuo-spatiaux. L’enregistrement des mouvements oculaires a permis d’identifier les stratégies d’acquisition de l’information. Les référentiels visuospatiaux et la capacité d’adaptation d’un référentiel à un autre (‘switch’) étaient explorés. Les patients montraient un dysfonctionnement des stratégies de scanning visuel. Les patients ne parvenaient pas à adapter la durée de fixation de leur regard au niveau élevé de difficulté des tâches cognitives. Ils utilisaient moins souvent la stratégie la plus efficace (‘Constructive Matching’) en comparaison aux témoignes. Lors de l’exploration des Référentiels visuospatiaux, les patients montraient des performances préservées dans la condition egocentrique. En revanche les patients schizophrènes avaient une atteinte de la perspective allocentrique. Le ‘switch’ entre egocentrique et la condition allocentrique distale était atteinte chez les patients. Ces résultats apportent des arguments en faveur d’un modèle d’une perturbation de l’expérience subjective qui dépende d’une modulation inefficiente de l’exploration visuelle dans la schizophrénie. Cette compréhension des mécanismes de traitement visuel et des atteints cognitives qui en résultent peut être considérée comme une cible pour des recherches ultérieurs et des interventions thérapeutique en remédiation cognitive.
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Nascimento, Christiane Gleice Barbosa de Farias. "Multimodalidade em narrativas de reconto de histórias: um estudo de caso de uma criança cega." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2015. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1120.
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Esta pesquisa apresenta como objeto de estudo a multimodalidade em narrativas de uma criança cega, contribuindo para entender que recursos multimodais são utilizados por essa criança para produzir sentidos em narrativas de histórias infantis, já que ela não dispõe do canal visual para representar e perceber alguns gestos. Desse modo,
fundamentamo-nos na perspectiva de funcionamento multimodal da linguagem proposta por Kendon (1982), McNeill(2000), Cavalcante (2009), Ávila Nóbrega;Cavalcante (2012), Fonte (2009, 2011a, 2011b, 2011c,2012) e Fonte et al (2014) que concebem gesto e fala como sistema integrado de significação. Com base nessa perspectiva, temos
como objetivo geral analisar os recursos multimodais em narrativas de reconto de histórias de uma criança cega e como objetivos específicos verificar os papéis dos recursos multimodais que a criança cega utiliza no reconto de histórias, identificar e descrever a fala, a prosódia e os gestos durante a narração das histórias. Para isso,
realizamos um estudo observacional, de caráter qualitativo e do tipo estudo de caso, no qual participou uma criança cega com 9 anos de idade, que apresenta cegueira desde nascença e não possui patologias associadas a deficiência visual. Frequenta o Centro de Apoio pedagógico à Pessoa Visual (CAP) e a escola regular, cursando o 1 ano do fundamental I. Como procedimentos metodológicos, selecionamos três clássicos infantis da Disney: Chapeuzinho vermelho, Os três porquinhos e Branca de Neve. Esses contos clássicos foram apresentados em audiodescrição para a criança cega em seu
ambiente domiciliar. As narrativas dos recontos das histórias foram filmadas e transcritas através do software Eudico Linguistic Annotator (ELAN). Além disso, selecionamos como categorias de análise de dados os planos do envelope multimodal: verbal, prosódico e gestual, proposto por Ávila Nóbrega (2010) e Fonte (2011). Os resultados mostraram que, ao recontar as histórias, a criança cega assumia diferentes papéis, ora de narrador, ora de personagem. Essas narrativas foram mediadas pela multimodalidade da linguagem, caracterizada por variações prosódicas como: intensidade forte e fraca, duração, pausas, velocidade de fala; além disso, usou
produções verbais, ou seja, a fala propriamente dita, contemplando a estrutura narrativa e ainda gestos variados incluindo gesticulações corporais caracterizadas pelos movimentos da cabeça, ombros, mãos e pernas que contribuíram para a construção de sentido dos recontos das histórias.This research has the multimodality in narratives of a blind child as an object of study, contributing to the understanding of which multimodal resources are used by this child to produce meaning in narrating fairy tales, for the child does not make use of the sight to represent and perceive some gestures. Thus, we base our study in a perspective that conceives language as multimodal as proposed by Kendon (1982), McNeill (2000), Cavalcante (2009), Ávila-Nóbrega; Cavalcante (2012), Fonte (2009, 2011a, 2011b, 2011c, 2012) and Fonte et al (2014) comprehending that gesture and speech are an integrated system of meaning. Based on this perspective, our general aim is to analyze the multimodal resources used by a blind child in the recount of fairy tales and as our specific aims to verify the roles of such multimodal resources that the blind child makes use of in retelling the tales, and also to identify and describe the speech, prosody and gestures during the narration of the tales. For this, we carried out an observational, qualitative and case of study research, with a nine-year-old blind child, who is blind from birth but does not present pathologies associated to his/her blindness. The child goes to Centro de Apoio pedagógico à Pessoa Visual (CAP) and also to school, where he/she is at the first year of fundamental 1. For our methodology we chose three classic tales from Disney: Little Red Riding Hood, The three Little Pigs and Snow White. These three classic tales were presented to the child in audio description in the childs home. The narration and recount of the tales were recorded and transcribed with the software Eudico Linguistic Annotator (ELAN). Besides this, we selected as categories of analysis the elements in the multimodal envelope: verbal, prosodic and gestural proposed by Ávila-Nóbrega (2010) and Fonte (2011). Results show that while recounting the tales the blind child took over different roles, sometimes the narrator, sometimes the character. These narratives were mediated by the multimodality of language, characterized by prosodic variations such as: strong and weak intensity, duration, pauses, speech speed. Furthermore, the child used verbal productions, that is, the speech, contemplating not only the narrative structure but also varied gestures including body gesticulations characterized by head movements, shoulders, hands and legs that contributed to the construction of meaning in the recount of the tales.
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Kermorgant, Olivier. "Fusion d'informations multi-capteurs en asservissement visuel." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00747052.
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Cette thèse s'inscrit dans le cadre de la commande référencée capteurs. Pour un robot mobile ou un bras manipulateur dote d'un ou plusieurs capteurs, cette approche consiste à définir une tache de déplacement en spécifiant uniquement les mesures a' atteindre. Ce paradigme est connu pour permettre une très bonne précision de positionnement. En revanche, le robot peut présenter un comportement non désiré en cas de mouvement important ou de contraintes à respecter ( évitement des butées articulaires, visibilité, obstacles, etc.). Les solutions nécessitent généralement des degrés de liberté supplémentaires, permettant de réaliser la tâche tout en respectant les contraintes. Nous proposons tout d'abord un formalisme original pour la calibration d'un capteur extéroceptif à partir de la mesure de vitesse. Il est ainsi possible d'estimer a' la fois les paramètres de calibration intrinsèques du capteur et la position du capteur par rapport au repère du robot. Des résultats de simulation et d'expérience sont exposes pour la calibration d'une camera. Nous établissons ensuite un formalisme complet pour la réalisation d'une tache référencée multi-capteurs soumise a' un nombre arbitraire de contraintes. Nous proposons une façon générique d'introduire les contraintes dans la loi de commande. Le comportement induit est une perturbation minimale de la tache référencée capteurs tout en respectant plusieurs contraintes. Ce formalisme est applique à des problèmes classiques en robotique : évitement de butées et contrainte de visibilité. De nombreuses contraintes sont enfin combinées au sein d'un même système.
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Wong, Ka-fai. "The problems of visual discourse : a study of the politics of representation with special reference to the photographic image /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1988. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12380519.
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Wilson, Jack J. "What co-speech gestures do : investigating the communicative role of visual behaviour accompanying language use during reference in interaction." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/17319/.
Full textAbstract:
Language and gesture are thought to be tightly interrelated and co-expressive behaviours (McNeill, 1992; 2005) that, when used in communication, are often referred to as composite signals/utterances (Clark, 1996; Enfield, 2009). Linguistic research has typically focussed on the structure of language, largely ignoring the effect gesture can have on the production and comprehension of utterances. In the linguistic literature, gesture is shoehorned into the communicative process rather than being an integral part of it (Wilson and Wharton, 2006; Wharton, 2009), which is at odds with the fact that gesture regularly plays a role that is directly connected to the semantic content of, in Gricean terms, “what is said” (Kendon, 2004; Grice, 1989). In order to explore these issues, this thesis investigates the effect of manual gestures on interaction at several different points during production and comprehension, based on the Clarkian Action Ladder (Clark, 1996). It focusses on the top two levels of the ladder: Level 3 signaling and recognising and level 4 proposing and considering. In doing so, it explores gesture’s local effect on how utterances are composed and comprehended, but also its more global effect on the interactional structure and the goals of the participants. This is achieved through two experiments. The first experiment, the map task, is an interactive spatial description task and the second is an eye-tracked visual world task. These two experiments explore how gestures are composed during the map task, how gestures affect the realtime comprehension of utterances, and how gestures are embedded within the turn-by-turn nature of talk. This thesis builds a picture of the effect of gesture at each stage of the comprehension process, demonstrating that gesture needs to be incorporated fully into pragmatic models of communication.