Journal articles: 'Visva-Bharati'

1

Das, P. "Fuzzy mathematics at Visva-Bharati." Fuzzy Sets and Systems 27, no. 1 (July 1988): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-0114(88)90087-5.

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Sarkar, Jayjit, and Jagannath Basu. "The Idea of Visva-Bharati: Tagore and Comparative University Studies." Journal of Aesthetic Education 58, no. 2 (2024): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/15437809.58.2.01.

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Abstract The idea with which Rabindranath Tagore established Visva-Bharati is different from that of the grounding of Immanuel Kant's “university with condition” or that of Jacques Derrida's “university without condition.” The thinking that finally materialized into Visva-Bharati, or rather the “fore-thinking,” is an uncanny complex of aesthetics, politics, topolitics, pedagogy, and Tagorean philosophy of the “home” and the “world.” There is neither the “conflict” of Kant's essay The Conflict of the Faculties nor Derrida's absolute radicality and radical absoluteness: there is neither Kant's “freedom of the Enlightenment” nor Derrida's “freedom from the Enlightenment.” Ranjan Ghosh captures this so-called dichotomy engrossingly in his book Aesthetics, Politics, Pedagogy and Tagore. In Tagore's idea of university, we find a “traffic,” an exchange of some sort, between nativism and cosmopolitanism, colonial and postcolonial, singularity and plurality, root and rootlessness. Ghosh not only controls the “traffic” in his work but also gives his close reading of the institution and, most importantly, the underlying principle that led to the establishment of the institution. Visva-Bharati was not built upon the principles of a modern university. It did not have the moral responsibility of following the already established norms and regulations or the society at large but had what Ghosh calls a sense of “no-responsibility.” Tagore's idea of university was thus built upon the “no-responsibility” toward the old Eurocentric model of pedagogy and the “responsibility” toward creating a new and more reflective model. He employed one set of responsibilities to “counter” another set of responsibilities. This article in a way is a reimagining, a commentary on Ghosh's work on the pedagogical aspects of Visva-Bharati.

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Sen, Amiya P. "Book review: Swati Ganguly, Tagore’s University: A History of Visva Bharati, 1921–1961." India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs 79, no. 1 (March 2023): 141–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09749284221146281.

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Singh, Akansha. "Periodicals and Nation-Building: The Public Sphere, Modernity, and Modernism in Modern Review and Visva Bharati Quarterly." Text Matters: A Journal of Literature, Theory and Culture, no. 13 (November 27, 2023): 482–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2083-2931.13.25.

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The paper analyzes selections from Modern Review and Visva Bharati Quarterly, to study the complex act of nation-building taking place in India during the first half of the twentieth century. Through these periodicals, it discusses three interconnected occurrences that contributed to the envisioning of new India: firstly, the construction of a politically aware public sphere through nationalistic sentiments and anti-imperial internationalism; secondly, India’s localization of modernity as oscillating between the colonial subjects’ reactionary modernity and the colonially administered modernity of domination; and thirdly, the emergence of a modernism that was more immersed in restructuring social and political systems of power than being restricted to formal and aesthetic novelty. Thus, drawing on writings published in Modern Review and Visva Bharati Quarterly, the paper assesses the degree to which the two periodicals realized the identity of new India.

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Das, Tapas Kumar, and Parthapratim Ray. "Scientific research productivity of Visva-Bharati: A bibliometric study." Library Herald 60, no. 3 (2022): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-2469.2022.00028.8.

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Mandal, Manan Kumar. "Open learning and Rabindranath Tagore's idea on mass education: A critical study on Lokshikkha Samsad." Asian Association of Open Universities Journal 8, no. 2 (September 1, 2013): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aaouj-08-02-2013-b005.

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The ODL system is holistic as it can incorporate multiple learners from various locations compared to conventional education system. In India, the first Asian Noble laureate poet and humanist Rabindranath had a unique idea of mass education long before the establishment of open institutions around the world. He pointed out two directions of education: education of pleasure and education of need. These complex relations have been immensely propagated through the formation of Visva-Bharati University (1916) and Sriniketan. Rabindranath's ideas of education focused on self-respect and self-reliance or 'Palli-punargathan' (resurrection of villages) as well as social ethics. He proposed a unique education policy to incorporate aged and female learners of remote villages of Bengal in 1936. This was implemented in Visva-Bharati through the newly formed 'Lokshikkha Samsad' (Mass Education Council, 1937). This idea is similar to the open edu-cation system today. According to an advertisement published in Visva Bharati University Bulletin (August, 1937), there was a plan for an examination system to accredit knowledge of the margin . The concept of study centre, customisation of exam rules for learners, plan for home-assignment, through postage, were also introduced. The centre targeted aged females who faced difficulties obtaining proper education. Records of who have enrolled and passed show us that this attempt had gained popularity initially. Local Bengali language was used as the medium of instruction. Rabindranath believed that the university is not only a centre for knowledge distribution but also a centre of new knowledge generation. "Lokshikkha Granthamala" (Mass Education Publication Series) was another attempt to expand open learning through Open Education Repository. This publication series was content oriented, well-written and low-priced. It also served as an example of open book system as well as re-pository of knowledge for a university that thought of open learning long before the establishment of open universities around the world.

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Nag, Koustav. "Post-Colonial Time: The Evaluation of Printmaking Practice and Present Time." Praxis International Journal of Social Science and Literature 6, no. 4 (April 25, 2023): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.51879/pijssl/060404.

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Printmaking has a long and rich history that dates back thousands of years. The earliest forms of printmaking were developed in ancient china, where the artist would create prints using wood blocks as early as the 7th century. However, in the 15th century in Europe, printmaking began to develop into a proper art form. Johannesburg was a German goldsmith printer and inventor widely credited with movable type printing in the mid-15th century. In 1455 Bible was the first important Book in history. In the 16th century, Goa was the first place in India where printing technology started during the British period. Initially, it was used for religious printing and some commercial printing, like religious posters, pamphlets etc. later 20th century, this printing process transformed into fine art printmaking techniques. It became an educational part of developing printing technology and technician. This printing technology became a curriculum for the Art & Craft College, like Madras art college, Kolkata Govt. Art and Craft College, J.J art college, Lahore art college (now in Pakistan), and another essential college is Kala Bhavana under the Visva Bharati University. From post-colonial to contemporary times, printing to printmaking evolved in many ways. Most places academically followed the colonial curriculum, but commercial printing technology rapidly changed. Academically Visva Bharati University Santiniketan develops new technology for the students.

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Ray, Partha Pratim. "Indoor Aeromycroflora at Institute of Agriculture Library (Visva-Bharati): A Study." SRELS Journal of Information Management 54, no. 1 (February 24, 2017): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17821/srels/2017/v54i1/92575.

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Sharma, Ajay Kumar. "Use of assistive technologies for inclusive education in visva-bharati library network." Library Progress (International) 42, no. 1 (2022): 231–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2320-317x.2022.00025.3.

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Sinha, Atanu Kumar. "Evaluation of Library Collection of Palli Samgathana Vibhaga Library, Visva-Bharati: A Survey." SRELS Journal of Information Management 52, no. 5 (October 1, 2015): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.17821/srels/2015/v52i5/79754.

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Mondal, Sri Jishnu, Sukumar Mondal, Tridib Tripathi, and Piyali Kundu. "Educational Use of Smart Phone: A Study with Special Reference to the Research Scholars in Central Library, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan." Asian Journal of Information Science and Technology 9, no. 2 (May 5, 2019): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajist-2019.9.2.274.

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Smartphones are becoming increasingly popular in students‟ lives for variety of purposes. Advancement in mobile technologies has demonstrated that they provide great potentials for educational and academic use. In this paper an attempt has been made to investigate into the use of smart phones for academic purposes by the Research Scholars (RS) at Visva-Bharati Central Library. The present study also investigates the perception of Research Scholars on proposed Smartphone- based resources and services if they are offered by their university. The findings suggest that smartphone can be very useful as an educational tool. The findings also reveal that the respondents‟ perception on the application of smartphone in the context of Library and Information services is found to be very positive.

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12

Das Gupta, Uma. "Using a Poet’s Archive to Write the History of a University: Rabindranath Tagore and Visva-Bharati." Asian Studies, no. 1 (December 1, 2010): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/as.2010.-14.1.9-16.

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The poet Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941) was the founder of an institution that we know today as Visva-Bharati University at Santiniketan in rural southern Bengal. The making of this institution was central to his concerns to the end of his life. He offered it as an alternative to the colonial system of education then prevailing in India. Starting it as an experimental school in 1901 he added an international university and an institute of rural reconstruction in 1921–1922. It was an education to bring city and village together by combining traditional knowledge with scientific experimentation. This endeavour is a relatively unexplored dimension of Tagore’s biography. In this presentation I shall examine how the making of this institution was a source of dialectical tension in Tagore’s life, and how he engaged with this tension in thought and action.

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MANDAL, GOUTAM, and ROCKY THOKCHOM. "Evaluation of different mango (Mangifera indica) varieties for high density orchard in lateritic zone of eastern India." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 88, no. 12 (December 11, 2018): 1836–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v88i12.85425.

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The present experiment was conducted under the semi-arid subtropical red lateritic zone of eastern India in West Bengal with seven years old popular mango (Mangifera indica L.) varieties grown at Horticulture Research Farm of Department of Horticulture and Postharvest Technology, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India during 2015 and 2016. The varieties were evaluated for various morphological characters, yield and physicochemical quality of fruits. The results revealed that Kohinoor exhibited maximum tree volume (41.99 m3), fruit yield (21.03 kg/tree) and fruit weight (253.33 g/fruit). Whereas, Kohitoor exhibited maximum TSS (20.07 oB), TSS/acid ratio (100.35) and ascorbic acid (43.17 mg/100g) content of the fruits. Acidity content was found lowest (0.17%) in Gulab Khas. Regarding morphological characters, yield and physicochemical quality of fruits, the varieties Kohinoor, Kohitoor, Inayat Pasand are superior in quality and stand to promise for the small family farming orchard in the red lateritic zone of eastern India.

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Chakraborty, Esha. "Alternative media and gender communication in the higher education sector of India with special reference to Visva-Bharati." Mass Communicator: International Journal of Communication Studies 13, no. 1 (2019): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0973-967x.2019.00002.4.

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Bagadi, Rohit Kumar, and Snehasish Chakravorty. "Effect of Different Doses of Nitrogen and Phosphorus on Growth of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) cv. Arka Anamika." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 35, no. 6 (March 16, 2023): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i62838.

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Background: A field experiment was conducted to know the effect of different doses of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) cv. Arka anamika was carried out at Horticultural Farm of Palli-Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, West Bengal during 2020. The experiment was laid out in a RCBD (Randomized complete block design) consisting of twelve treatments with 3 replications. Treatments included were four levels of nitrogen (0, 100, 120 and 140 kg N/ha) and three levels of phosphorus (0, 80 and 100 kg P/ha). The statistical analysis indicated that growth was significantly influenced with application of nitrogen and phosphorus. The characters plant height, number of branches per plant, first flowering, fifty percent of flowering, fruit length, fruit diameter exhibited best results with the treatment N3P2 (140 kg N ha + 100 kg P ha). Present investigation, therefore, indicated better response of the plants towardsapplication of 140 kg/ha nitrogen and 100 kg/ha phosphorus which was found to be most remunerative with regard to their growth of okra.

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Sinha, Atanu Kumar. "Knowledge Communication through Rural Library Services: Tagorean Concept and Experiments of Department of Lifelong Learning and Extension, Visva-Bharati." SRELS Journal of Information Management 54, no. 6 (January 24, 2018): 327–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17821/srels/2017/v54i6/113919.

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Ghosh, Joyjit. "The Interface between Education and the ‘Rural Uplift Work’: Re-reading Tagore’s Letters, Lectures and Addresses." Gitanjali & Beyond 2, no. 1 (November 24, 2018): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14297/gnb.2.1.16-25.

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The present paper, by taking cues from Tagore’s letters, lectures and addresses, attempts to explore that he was unconventional in his ideas of education. Nature was the best teacher for Tagore, and he adopted the model of the ‘Ashram’ of the Ancient India for the realisation of his educational ideals. An academic institution, according to Tagore, should not merely impart information to the learners. It should offer elements of culture and opportunities for studying the socio-economic condition of villages around an educational centre. Leonard Elmhirst, the famous agronomist, helped Tagore in establishing ‘Siksha Satra’ at Sriniketan where the former started rural reconstruction. Tagore shared his views of education including the ‘Visva-Bharati ideals’ with Elmhirst. Another leading intellectual who gave original ideas of university education to Tagore was Patrick Geddes. Like Tagore, Geddes also advocated for the service to the community life. Arthur Geddes, the son of Patrick Geddes, to a great extent, fulfilled the poet’s dream of uniting teachers, students and humble village workers in an organic bond of necessity. Tagore’s championing of ‘the rural uplift work’ as a part of education continues to appeal to the Twentieth Century mind.

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Mandal, MK, M. Banerjee, and H. Banerjee. "Evaluation of maize (Zea mays)-legumes intercropping system under red and lateritic tract of West Bengal." SAARC Journal of Agriculture 12, no. 1 (December 3, 2014): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v12i1.21118.

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A field experiment was carried out during kharif season of 2010 and 2011 at Sriniketan Research Farm, Visva-Bharati, West Bengal, India. The yield attributes and growth parameters were significantly higher in case of sole maize and intercropping treatments with legumes. The maximum total chlorophyll (chlorophyll a + chlorophyll b) was observed on sole maize, which was statistically at par with maize crop under intercropping system. In the middle canopy, highest light interception (%) was observed in maize + groundnut (2:4). The grain yield (2.48 t ha-1) and stover yield (5.07 t ha-1) of maize were significantly higher in sole maize than either of its intercropping systems with legumes. The legume yield was highest in maize + groundnut (1:2) followed by sole groundnut. The maize equivalent yield (7.06 t ha-1) was highest in maize + groundnut (2:4) followed by maize + groundnut (1:2). The highest benefit cost ratio maize + groundnut (1:2) closely followed by maize + soybean (1:2). The total N uptake by sole maize was significantly higher and under intercropping systems, the highest N concentrations in grain and straw, and protein content in grains were obtained in maize + soybean (1:2) and maize + groundnut (2:4) treatment. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v12i1.21118 SAARC J. Agri., 12(1): 117-126 (2014)

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M, Hedayetullah, and Barik A K. "Influence of Cutting and Fertilizer Management on Growth and Yield of Fodder Oats (Avena sativa L.)." Madras Agricultural Journal 99, December (2012): 711–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.100176.

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A field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2006-2007 and 2007-2008 at Agriculture Research Farm of Palli Siksha Bhavana, Visva-Bharati to study the “Influence of cutting and fertilizer management on growth and yield of fodder oats (Avena sativa L.)”. Various growth attributes (viz. dry matter accumulation and leaf area index) of fodder oats were influenced significantly with different levels of fertilizer management. An increasing trend was found in dry matter accumulation and leaf area index of oats with the advancement of growth of the crop up to 60 days when 1 st cutting was taken. A significant response from cutting and fertilizer management was found on total green and dry fodder yields of oats. The highest green and dry fodder yields were achieved from fertilizer schedule of N 120 P60 K 60 kg ha -1 both at single cutting and two cuttings management. Significantly higher total green and dry fodder yields were obtained from two cut management (29.74 and 7.92 t ha -1 , green and dry fodder respectively) when compared with single cut management (14.68 and 3.37 t ha -1 , respectively), indicating the scope of getting two cuttings from fodder oats in red and lateritic belt of West Bengal.

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Deb, Prahlad, and Soheli Reza. "Pre-Flowering Sprays of Zinc and Boron Influenced Panicle Emergence and Panicle Growth of Amrapali Mango." Research Biotica 5, no. 2 (June 17, 2023): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.54083/resbio/5.2.2023/79-84.

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The present investigation was conducted at the instructional farm of Rathindra Krishi Vigyan Kendra under Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva Bharati University, Sriniketan which comes under in humid sub-tropical region of West Bengal during the year 2015-16 and 2016-17 to investigate the influence of pre-flowering sprays of zinc and boron on panicle emergence and panicle growth of Amrapali mango. The present study included nine treatment combinations of sprays of zinc sulphate and borax at pre flowering stage replicated three times as T1: Control (distilled water), T2: ZnSO4 @ 0.5%, T3: ZnSO4 @ 1.0%, T4: Borax @ 0.5%, T5: Borax @ 1.0%, T6: ZnSO4 @ 0.5% + Borax @ 0.5%, T7: ZnSO4 @ 0.5% + Borax @ 1.0%, T8: ZnSO4 @ 1.0% + Borax @ 0.5% and T9: ZnSO4 @ 1.0% + Borax @ 1.0% in Randomized Block Design (RBD). The sprays were done in three cycles at 15 days interval starting from end of the November, keeping 3 days gap between zinc sulphate and borax spray in combination treatments. Minimum days to panicle emergence and flowering, maximum panicle length and different types of branches panicle-1 were recorded under ZnSO4 @ 1.0% + Borax @ 0.5% spray. In conclusion, ZnSO4 @ 1.0% + Borax @ 0.5% treatment can be used as pre flowering spray for early flowering with better growth of panicles of mango (cv. Amrapali).

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Kumar, Rahul, Binoy Kumar Saren, and Shriman Kumar Patel. "Effect of Foliar Application of Zinc and Boron on Growth Attributes and Yield of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Varieties." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 35, no. 21 (November 7, 2023): 958–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i214066.

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A field experiment was conducted on loamy sandy soil during the winter season at Agricultural Farm of Palli Siksha Bhavana, Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal, India to evaluate the effect of foliar application of zinc and boron on growth attributes and yield of chickpea. In this experiment, 4 varieties of chickpea (Anuradha, ICPK, JSKB and RVSJ4-102) were applied with Zn and B ((Zinc 0.5%, Boron 0.1%, Zinc 0.5%+Boron 0.1% along with control) through foliar application at branching time and pre-flowering stage. The experiment findings revealed that the Variety RVSJ4-102 gave higher plant height (20.98cm), dry matter accumulation (114.49 g/m-2), leaf area index (1.27), chlorophyll content (2.25 mg/g fresh leaf) and yield (26.28 q/ha) of chickpea compared to other variety. However, foliar application of (zinc 0.5%+boron 0.1%) had significant effect in influencing the growth attributes and yield of chickpea followed by single application of zinc 0.5% and boron 0.1% as compared to control. Foliar application of (zinc 0.5%+boron 0.1%) produced 26.47 % higher seed yield than control. This experiment suggested that the combined single foliar application of (zinc 0.5% + boron 0.1%) prove best treatment as compared to individual application of zinc 0.5% and boron 0.1%.

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Datta, Swati. "William Radice (trans.): The Post Office. (Rabindranath Tagore's Dakghar). 153 pp. Kolkata: Visva-Bharati Publishing Department, 2008. ISBN 978 81 7522 433 9. - William Radice (trans.): Card Country. (Rabindranath Tagore's Taser Desh). 179 pp. Kolkata: Visva-Bharati Publishing Department, 2008. Rs. 750. ISBN 978 81 7522 453 7." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 73, no. 1 (January 28, 2010): 118–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x09990437.

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Biswas, U., G. Mandi, S. Bandyopadhyay, B. K. Saren, and Kanu Murmu. "Effect of varietal performance on growth attributes and yields of lentil varieties under red and lateritic soil of West Bengal." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v10i1.1592.

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A field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2013-14 and 2014-15 at Agriculture Farm of Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, West Bengal to find out the varietal performance of different promising entries of lentil on growth attributes and yield. Tendifferent varieties viz. Subrata, Asha, Ranjan, HUL 57, BM 6, BM 7, PL 406, KLS 218, Moitree and PL 6 was studied in a randomized block design (RBD), replicated thrice. Different growth and yield attributes were measured in the experiment to find out the suitable variety of lentil for the red and lateritic soil zone of West Bengal. The lentil variety PL-406 showed maximum growth potentiality among the other varieties just followed by another long duration lentil variety KLS-218. The lentil variety PL406 showed maximum growth potentiality among the other varieties just followed by another long duration variety KLS 218. Highest grain yield was obtained from the variety Ranjan (789 kg ha-1 ) followed by the variety PL 406 (785 kg ha-1 ) and KLS 218 (783 kg ha-1 ) respectively. From the result of the present experiment, it can be concluded that the variety PL 406 gave maximum vegetative growth, whereas the variety Ranjan produce maximum yield and found most potential variety among other lentil varieties under red and lateritic soil of West Bengal

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Mukherjee, Ashoke, and Abdul Sarjen Shaikh. "Superstitious Ritual Behavior in Sports: A Comparative Study among Various Athletes." Journal of Sports Research 9, no. 1 (January 21, 2022): 36–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/90.v9i1.2912.

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The aim of the study was to assess the superstitious ritual behavior of the University level sports persons and to find out that male or female athlete who believes more in superstitions. Eighty-three (83) University level athletes (Male – 44 and Female – 39) of 18 to 25 years from Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, India have been selected through purposive random sampling. The Superstitious Ritual Questionnaire (SRQ) framed by Flanagan (2013) has been used to assess the superstitious ritual behavior and its effectiveness on sports performance enhancement. In overall percentage 25.30% of male athletes and 20.48% of female athletes are of the opinion that sometimes superstitious ritual behavior is effective in sports performance enhancement. Statistical analysis does not reveal any significant relationship between superstitious ritual behavior (Male: Mean 108.48, SD 22.38; Female: Mean 109.03, SD 24.46) and its effectiveness (Male: Mean 3.23, SD 0.74; Female: Mean 2.80, SD 0.73) in sports performance enhancement for both male (r = 0.263) and female (r = 0.140) group. As per as the opinion towards the effectiveness of superstitious rituals behavior on sports performance enhancement is concerned the male athletes found to be significantly more superstitious than female athletes (t = 2.69). So it can be concluded that irrespective of male or female mostly all the athletes believes in some sort of superstitious rituals may be to control luck and fear of failure, increase confidence, maintain focus, decreases stress and anxiety etc. at the highest level of sports competitions.

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Sahu, Mamta, Manik Chandra Kundu, and Mohammed Nisab C. P. "Soil Properties Influence Vertical Distribution of Boron Fractions in Lateritic Soil." International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management 14, Sep, 9 (September 21, 2023): 1249–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.23910/1.2023.4115.

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The present study was conducted at Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati, West Bengal, India, during 2019-20 to evaluate the different fractions of boron (B) along depth and their relationship to some soil properties in lateritic soils of West Bengal, India. The sequential B fractionation scheme was followed to estimate B fractions in the studied soils. It was found that most of the soils fall under the sandy clay loam and clay loam soil textural categories. The soil pH was either categorized as extremely acidic or slightly acidic in nature and the range of low to medium organic carbon content was present. The studied soils’ CEC varied between 5.90 to 26.64 [C mol (P+) kg-1]. In the B fractionation study, it was revealed that, for uptake of plants, the readily soluble boron (Rs-B) is the most easily accessible fraction among all other fractions, and the residual boron (Res-B) fraction accounts for the major portion of total soil boron (Tot-B). Different soil properties of the study area greatly influenced the B fractions along soil depths. The contribution of different B fractions towards total soil B (Tot-B) B followed the order: residual boron (Res-B) >> oxide-bound boron (Oxd-B) > organically bound boron (Org-B) > specifically adsorbed boron (Sad-B) > readily soluble boron (Rs-B). The current study will be helpful for adopting the fertilizer management practices of boron-deficient lateritic soils (Alfisols).

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Nisab, Mohammed C. P., and G. K. Ghosh. "Suitability of Different Extractants for Estimation of Cationic Micronutrients in Lateritic Soils of West Bengal." International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management 14, Mar, 3 (May 20, 2023): 362–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.23910/1.2023.3419.

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The present study was conducted at Institute of Agriculture (Palli Siksha Bhavana), Visva-Bharati West Bengal, India during 2019–20 to evaluate the extractability of different extractants for extraction of cationic micronutrients in lateritic soils of West Bengal under rice based cropping system. Fifty surface (0‒15 cm) samples were collected from rice-based cropping systems from five different blocks of Birbhum district. The pH of the soil was found extremely acidic to slightly acidic. The organic carbon content (%) were low to medium range. Among major nutrients available phosphorus and sulphur showed deficiency under study area. The micronutrients cations were extracted from the soils using five different extractants, namely, Mehlich 3, HCl, AB-DTPA and the conventional extractant DTPA. The greatest mean concentration for all the micronutrients was obtained by Melich 3 extractant followed by HCl whereas the lower values were obtained when DTPA extractant used. Themagnitude of extraction for all cationic micronutrients was Mehlich 3>HCl>AB-DTPA>DTPA. Melich 3 has a higher extractability due to its high pH and ability to displace exchangeable cations due to the presence of the NH4+ ion in the extractant. The low extractability of the DTPA extractant may be due to disruption of metal-chelate equilibria in acidic soils. A higher positive significant correlation observed among the extractants from the study indicated that, they were able to extract the micronutrients from remarkably similar pools.

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Vrutti Dave. "Tagore as Text: A Critical Analysis." International Peer Reviewed E Journal of English Language & Literature Studies - ISSN: 2583-5963 3, no. 2 (December 10, 2021): 01–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.58213/ell.v3i2.37.

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Rabindranath Tagore, who lived from 1861 to 1941, is well remembered around the globe for becoming the first poet from Asia to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913. He was a British subject throughout his life and passed away in colonial India. However, any engagement with studies of Tagore would reveal that, despite his outstanding achievements in creative writing and music, he deserves to be remembered as the only poet of international standing who not only founded a self-funded university but also designed a curriculum that radicalised traditional institutionalised education in colonial India. This is something that should be remembered because Tagore deserves to be remembered as the only poet of international standing who deserves to be remembered. The purpose of this article is to investigate Tagore's re-imagining of the process of institutionalised instruction as well as the goals of education. Undoubtedly, the ideas and models of the teaching-learning process that Tagore outlined bear the stamp of a poet-philosopher who tried to distance himself from the public educational sector. In colonial times, the public educational sector was exemplified by the formidable University of Calcutta, which was under the administration of the British. Tagore's Visva-Bharati University in Santiniketan is obviously a private sector operation; nonetheless, it is historically considered as a one-of-a-kind experiment in inclusive education that debunks rote learning and fragmented knowledge. Its viability in the 21st century, however, is up for question.

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Panda, D., and S. Mondal. "Effect of Growth Regulators on Growth and Quality of Strawberry cv. Sweet Sensation Grown in Pot Culture." International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management 14, Aug, 8 (August 22, 2023): 1154–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.23910/1.2023.3578a.

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A pot culture experiment was conducted at Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India during the rabi season (October, 2018–March, 2019) to study the effect of growth regulators such as 28-Homobrassinolide and Triacontanol on growth and yield of strawberry cv. Sweet Sensation. The treatments consisted of seven levels of growth regulators including control viz. control, 0.5 ppm, 1 ppm and 2 ppm of 28-Homobrassinolide and 2ppm, 5 ppm and 10 ppm of Triacontanol. The effect of growth regulators was studied on different morpho-physiological parameters and biochemical and quality parameters such as chlorophyll content of leaves, ascorbic acid, titratable acidity and TSS of fruit. The results revealed that the foliar application of 0.5 ppm of 28-Homobrassinolide produced the maximum plant height, number of leaves plant-1, petiole length, canopy spread, leaf area plant-1, crown diameter, shoot dry weight and root dry weight, RWC, number of flowers plant-1, number of fruits plant-1, percent fruit set, fruit length and fruit diameter, chlorophyll content of leaves, whereas the treatment of 1 ppm of 28-Homobrassinolide recorded maximum plant height, petiole length. However, the minimum value of the morphological, biochemical, yield and quality parameters were recorded in control (foliar spray of water). Hence form present study it may be confirmed that foliar application of 28-Homobrassinolide @ 0.5 ppm and 1 ppm significantly improved the growth, yield, and quality attributes of strawberry.

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Ghosh, Buddhadev, Sukanta Nayek, and Pratap Kumar Padhy. "Assessment of Respiratory Morbidity and Epidemiological Survey of Tobacco Smokers and Non-Smokers Among Educated Young Adults in Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan: A Case Study." Current World Environment 17, no. 2 (September 10, 2022): 331–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.17.2.5.

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Tobacco smoking among adults have become a serious health concern worldwide due to its increasing addicting nature. Tobacco smoke contains highly harmful gaseous and volatile chemical substances that impair the respiratory system and reduce lung function capacity. The study's primary objectives were to investigate the cause of smoking, behaviour of smokers, social responsibility, family history of the smoker, and significant respiratory health problems among young educated adults. The survey was conducted with some pre-framed questionnaires and screening relevant to the subjects for our study. The respiratory health assessment was carried out by questionnaire-based personal interviews for different respiratory and non-respiratory health symptoms. Subsequently, the lung function or pulmonary function test (LFT or PFT) for selected individuals was performed, revealing the lung performances of smokers and non-smokers. The LFT or PFT test predicts the normal and abnormal breathing patterns of exposed and non-exposed studied groups. The significant findings indicated that curiosity (72%) and displaying of smartness were the leading cause of smoking in early adulthood (16 to 20 years). Family history of smoking also influenced young adults to initiate regular smoking. Smoking within thirty minutes after waking up in the morning was - a habit in 52% of smokers. Findings revealed that 50% of the heavy smokers smoke 11-15 units daily. The average weekly expenditure for the smoking materials was INR 100 to 150 (26.32%) rupees for smokers. Spirometric indices such as forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), percentage forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1%), and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), showed a reduced performance of lungs in smokers as compared to their fellow non-smokers. This study has focused on the smoking behaviour of educated young adults and revealed the presence of different respiratory symptoms in smokers than non-smokers, which is an immerging health issue. The study revealed that smokers grouped are more susceptible to lung diseases than non-smokers in the future due to their reduced lung function capacity compared to non-smokers.

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Malik, Sagarika, B. Duary, and D. K. Jaiswal. "Integrated Use of Herbicide and Weed Mulch with Closer Spacing for Weed Management in Dry Direct Seeded Rice." International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management 12, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 222–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.23910/1.2021.2189d.

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The field experiments were conducted during the wet season of 2015 and 2016 (June to October) at Agricultural Farm, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, India to study the impact of integrated use of weed mulch and herbicide with closer spacing on weed growth and yield of direct seeded dry sown rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar MTU 1010. The experiment consisted of twelve treatments involving sole or integrated application of pre-emergence herbicide pendimethalin, mulching with water hyacinth and Indigofera weed and closer row spacing of 20 cm. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. The experimental field was infested with 14 weeds out of which the predominant species were Cynodon dactylon, Echinochloa colona, Cyperus iria, Ludwigia parviflora, Hydrolea zeylanica, Spilanthes acmella, Alternanthera sessilis, Commelina benghalensis and Cyanotis axillaris. Integration of pendimethalin at 0.75 kg ha-1 and mulching with water hyacinth and closer spacing reduced weed dry weight by 75.92% over the weedy check. Integration of mulching with water hyacinth and closer spacing increased grain yield by 37.27 and 41.12% over sole application of pendimethalin and water hyacinth mulch, respectively. Weed competition resulted in 57% reduction in grain yield of rice. Hand weeding twice (25 and 45 DAS) had a significant effect on the reduction of weed density and dry weight and increasing grain yield of rice which was followed by application of pendimethalin 0.75 kg ha-1 along with mulching with water hyacinth at a closer row spacing of 20 cm.

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Dey, Anshuman, J. K. Chatterjee, and Y. Vasudeva Rao. "Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Amla (Phyllanthus emblica, Syn. Emblica officinalis) on Growth and Health of Commercial Broiler Chicken (CARIBRO Dhanraja)." International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management 14, Dec, 12 (December 22, 2023): 1608–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.23910/1.2023.4941a.

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The present research work was performed at Rathindra Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal, during February–April 2022. The objective of the present study was to explore the effect of dietary supplementation of amla (Emblica officinalis) on the health and growth of broiler chicks (CARIBRO Dhanraja). A total of thirty-six (36) one-day old chicks were randomly distributed into three dietary treatment groups with three replicates for each treatment group and four birds in each replicate to conduct the proposed study. The three experimental dietary treatments were, Control group, fed with standard diet, i.e., without amla (E. officinalis) supplementation (T1), Test groups, fed with 1.5% amla (E. officinalis) supplemented diet (T2) and 2.5% amla (E. officinalis) supplemented diet (T3). From the results, the highest average body weight, highest weekly average body weight gain and better Feed Conversion Ratio were observed in T2 followed by T3. It was found that serum SGPT/ALT, SGOT/AST and ALP levels were found to be highest in the control group (T1), and were significantly reduced in amla-supplemented groups, least levels were observed in the T3 group. There was no significant difference observed in dressing yield among the treatments. However, in some carcass parameters, a significant difference was observed among the groups with different treatments. From the above study, it could be concluded that feed supplemented with amla (E. officinalis) improved the health and growth of the broiler chicken, which is economically profitable to the poultry farmers.

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Gupta, Rahul Kumar, Pritam Ghosh, Mahanti Aparna, Ruchi Bharti, and Kalipada Pramanik. "Efficacy and Selectivity of Different Herbicides on the Transplanted Late Boro Rice under the Lateritic Soil of West Bengal." International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management 14, Aug, 8 (August 20, 2023): 1133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.23910/1.2023.3579a.

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A field experiment was conducted during the late boro seasons (January–May) of 2018 and 2019 to assess the impact of herbicides on rice growth, yield and weed control in transplanted rice in the Agricultural Farm of Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India. There were eight different treatments consisting of pretilachlor 50 EC @ 500 g ha-1 at 3 DAT, pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10 WP @ 30 g ha-1 at 3 DAT, ethoxysulfuron 15 WDG @ 15 g ha-1 at 10 DAT, penoxsulam 21.7 SC @ 22.5 g ha-1 at 12 DAT, bispyribac-sodium 10 SC @ 25 g ha-1 at 15 DAT, hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAT, weed-free check and weedy check. Results from the pooled analysis of both the years revealed that pyrazosulfuron ethyl 30 g ha-1 and pretilachlor at 500 g ha-1 resulted in lower weed population and dry weight; higher plant height, number of tillers m-2, dry matter accumulation, leaf area index; grain and straw yield (5.98 and 7.81 t ha-1 and 5.81 and 7.62 t ha-1 respectively). The lowest weed index was registered by pyrazosulfuron ethyl 30 g ha-1 and pretilachlor at 500 g ha-1 and was superior to all other herbicidal treatments. Yield loss due to weeds infestation throughout the crop season was to the extent of 54.33%. Thus, pyrazosulfuron ethyl 30 g ha-1 and pretilachlor at 500 g ha-1 as pre-emergence may be recommended for effective weed control in transplanted late boro rice.

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Shankar, Tanmoy, Mahua Banerjee, Ganesh Chandra Malik, Sudarshan Dutta, Debtanu Maiti, Sagar Maitra, Hesham Alharby, et al. "The Productivity and Nutrient Use Efficiency of Rice–Rice–Black Gram Cropping Sequence Are Influenced by Location Specific Nutrient Management." Sustainability 13, no. 6 (March 15, 2021): 3222. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063222.

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Nutrient management is critical for rice farming because the crop is grown under diverse conditions, and in most cases, the existing nutrient management practices fail to achieve an attainable yield target. During recent years site specific nutrient management gained importance for a target yield with maximum nutrient use efficiency. Sufficient research work has not been carried out in this direction so far in the rice–rice–pulse (black gram) sequential cropping system under the red and lateritic belt of West Bengal, India. A multi-locational field experiment was conducted from July 2013 to June 2015 at three different locations, namely, Guskara (Burdwan district) and Benuriya (Birbhum district) villages in farmers’ fields and at the university farm of Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India. The performance of nutrients was tested by providing ample doses of N, P, K, S, and Zn compared to the omission of these nutrients. The growth parameters, such as crop biomass production, leaf area index, and number of tillers, and yield attributes and yield were influenced by nutrient management treatments. Application of 100% of N, P, K, S, and Zn resulted in its superiority to other nutrient management options studied, and a similar trend was also noted with the treatment in the expression of nutrient use efficiency (NUE) and nutrient response (NR). The available N, P, K, S, and Zn contents in soil increased steadily due to the increase in fertilizer application. The study concluded that optimization of NPK in the rice–rice–pulse cropping system on target yield along with need-based S and Zn application was beneficial for higher productivity.

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Sarbadhikary, Sunrit Basu, and Narayan Chandra Mandal. "ASSESSMENT OF ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF A SPECIES OF ASPERGILLUS: AN ENDOPHYTIC FUNGUS OF SCHIMA WALLICHII (DC.) KORTH. LEAVES." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 9 (September 1, 2017): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i9.19501.

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Objective: The main goals of this study were to check the antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials of an endophytic fungal strain isolated from the leaves of Schima wallichii (DC.) Korth.Methods: The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the isolated fungal endophyte Visva-Bharati endophyte fungal (VBEF2) were checked by disc diffusion and agar well diffusion methods, respectively, against six pathogenic bacteria and four pathogenic fungi. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values and the mode of action of VBEF2 against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli were determined following colony-forming units (CFU) counting method. Antioxidant activity of the isolate was studied following 2, 2-diphenyl-2- picrilhydrazyl (DPPH) reduction assay.Results: The cell-free supernatants (CFS) of VBEF2 exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against all the bacteria used. The ethyl acetate extract of the endophyte was found to have the MIC of 50 μg/ml and 150 μg/ml against S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. It showed bactericidal mode of action against both of them. The CFS of the strain VBEF2 also showed excellent activities against two animal and two plant pathogenic fungi by producing zones of inhibition in the range of 10-20 mm. In the DPPH scavenging antioxidant assay, the ethyl acetate extract of VBEF2 was found with a low IC50 value of 19.01 μg/ml. The strain VBEF2 was identified as a species of Aspergillus based on its colony morphology and structural features observed under a compound light microscope.Conclusion: The strain VBEF2 can be implemented in various fields of pharmaceutical industry as it showed multidimensional beneficial attributes such as excellent antimicrobial and antioxidant activity.

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Biswas, C., K. Pramanik, and S. Kumar De. "Productivity and profitability of Indian mustard under nutrient management and different sowing method in lateritic soil of West Bengal." Journal of Environmental Biology 44, no. 2 (March 13, 2023): 250–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22438/jeb/44/2/mrn-3087.

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Aim: This study was carried out to find the optimum fertilizer requirement and best planting method for higher productivity and profitability of Indian mustard. Methodology: A field trial was performed during the rabi season of 2019-20 on a sandy-loam soil at Agricultural Farm, Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal. The treatments comprised of three methods of sowing, i.e., transplantation, broadcasting, and line sowing in the main plot and four nutrient managements, i.e., 60:30:30, 70:35:35, 80:40:40, and 90:45:45 (N: P2O5:K2O kg ha-1) in a subplot and replicated thrice in a split-plot design. Growth economics parameters were evaluated. Results: Transplanting method with the nutrient management 90 kg N, 45 kg P2O5, and 45 kg K2O ha-1 was significantly superior in terms of growth attributes, yield parameters, productivity, and profitability over other methods of sowing and nutrient management in lateritic soil of West Bengal. The transplanted mustard crop produced higher yield because it got the longest reproductive period and required nutrient level, i.e., 90 kg N, 45 kg P2O5, and 45 kg K2O ha-1. Interpretation: Finding appropriate method of sowing under different nutrient levels can be done using growth, yield attributes, and yield. Yield and profitability were found maximum under 90 kg N, 45 kg P2O5, and 45 kg K2O ha-1 over other nutrient levels and transplanting method of sowing of Indian mustard was better than broadcasting, and line sowing method in the present experiment under the lateritic soil of West Bengal. Key words: Indian mustard, Laterite soil, Nutrient management

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SAHA, BISWAJIT, ARUN KUMAR BARIK, and NAKUL MANDAL. "Crop diversification for enhancing productivity, profitability and resource use efficiency of rice (Oryza sativa)-based systems in red and lateritic soils of eastern region." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 92, no. 8 (April 5, 2022): 974–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v92i8.101772.

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A field experiment was conducted at agricultural farm, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati, West Bengal to identify most productive, remunerative and resource use efficient rice (Oryza sativa L.)-based cropping systems in red and lateritic soil during 2014–15 and 2015–16. Pooled data of two years field experiments revealed that highest productivity of rice was achieved from legume involved system, viz. rice-potato-green gram (4.81 t/ha) followed by rice-yellow sarson-green gram (4.67 t/ha) and rice-lentil-okra (4.64 t/ha) which were at par with each other. Highest system rice equivalent yield (SREY) was found in rice-baby corn-elephant foot yam (31.89 t/ha/yr) which was at par with rice-french bean-baby corn (30.99 t/ha/yr). Rice-baby corn-elephant foot yam system achieved significantly higher system gross return (`4,22,467/ha) and net return (`2,69,557/ha) over other systems. However, significantly higher system return per rupee investment was obtained from rice-lentil-okra (`3.12). Significantly higher system production efficiency/SPE (129.14 kg/ha/day) and higher employment potential (345 man days/ha/yr) was found in rice-french bean-baby corn. Highest land use efficiency (LUE) was in rice-lentil-elephant foot yam system (94.5%) followed by rice-baby corn-elephant foot yam (86.3%) and rice-potato-sesame (73.9%). Rice-french bean-baby corn also showed highest system energy output (1344.14 GJ/ha), energy output:input ratio (43.47), energy output efficiency (4.99 GJ/ ha/day) and highest energy productivity (6448.35 kg REY/GJ). This was similar with rice-yellow sarson-baby corn sequence. Hence, inclusion of vegetables (french bean, baby corn, elephant foot yam) in rice-based cropping systems enhanced the productivity, profitability, energy use efficiency and employment potential over traditional cropping sequences like rice-potato-green gram and rice-potato-sesame in red and lateritic soil of eastern region.

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Ivbulis, Viktors. "O'Connell Kathleen M. and Joseph T. O'Connell (eds): Rabindranath Tagore: Reclaiming a Cultural Icon. 424 pp. Calcutta: Visva-Bharati, 2009. Rs. 350. ISBN 978 81 7522 468 1." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 73, no. 2 (June 2010): 326–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x10000212.

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Bhattacharya, S., S. Guin, A. Bandyopadhyay, NR Jana, and S. Halder. "Thyroid hormone induces the generation of a novel putative protein in piscine ovarian follicle that stimulates the conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone." European Journal of Endocrinology 134, no. 1 (January 1996): 128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.0.1340128.

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Bhattacharya S, Guin S, Bandyopadhyay A, Jana NR, Halder S. Thyroid hormone induces the generation of a novel putative protein in piscine ovarian follicle that stimulates the conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone. Eur J Endocrinol 1996:134:128–35. ISSN 0840–4643. Ovarian follicles were collected from the perch belonging to the vitellogenic stage and incubated in vitro for 4 h in the absence (control) or presence of triiodothyronine (T3). Addition of T3 (40 ng/ml) to the follicle incubation caused a two-fold increase of [3H] pregnenolone conversion to radiolabelled progesterone (P4) as compared to the control. The increase in P4 formation in the ovarian follicle could be blocked completely by the inhibitors of protein synthesis, actinomycin D and cycloheximide (50 μg/ ml), suggesting a protein or peptide mediator of the T3 stimulatory effect. To search for this mediator, ovarian follicles from the control or T3 incubate were homogenized and ultracentrifuged and different fractions were added separately to fresh follicle incubations. Only the 100 000g supernatant from T3 incubate showed a significant (p < 0.01) increase in P4 formation, while the corresponding supernatant from control follicle incubations had no such stimulatory effect. Trypsin or heat destroyed this augmentory effect. Based on its ability to stimulate the conversion of radiolabelled pregnenolone to P4 in the ovarian follicle, the T3-induced protein (TIP) was purified to homogeneity by employing Sephadex G-75 gel filtration, FPLC Mono-Q and FPLC Superose-6 chromatography. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of purified TIP showed it to be a 52 K monomer protein. Addition of TIP in increasing concentrations to follicle incubations caused a linear increase in P4 formation. Experiments with radiolabelled TIP ([125 I] TIP) indicate its entry through the follicular cell membrane within the limited period of incubation. Results suggest that TIP activates ovarian 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzyme, thus effecting a greater conversion of pregnenolone to P4. S. Bhattacharya, Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University. Santiniketan 731 235, West Bengal, India

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Chandra, Sharmila. "Ecotourism In and Around Santiniketan: Challenges and Potentialities." Gitanjali & Beyond 2, no. 1 (November 24, 2018): 79–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.14297/gnb.2.1.79-111.

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Santiniketan, Tagore’s ‘Abode of Peace’ is located in the western part of the state of West Bengal in India. The place is the site of Visva Bharati, a world renowned residential university as well as a Brahmacharya Asram (hermitage where a vow has been taken by the residents) established by Rabindranath Tagore himself. Santiniketan, in the Birbhum District of West Bengal and its environs provide ample scope for the development of ecotourism. It is a place where ecotourism and rural tourism go hand in hand. The place has an idyllic setting. Around Santiniketan, there exist a number of tribal villages inhabited by the Santhal tribe. Ecotourism combines nature tourism, wilderness tourism and agri-tourism. This form of niche tourism is essentially rural in character. It is a type of Special Interest Tourism that has emerged recently and has evoked concern among social scientists. Of late, ecotourism has become popular in the tribal villages around Santiniketan. A unique natural landscape here is formed by the khoai, a vast, desolate area with lateritic soil and gulley erosion. Resorts have been built in the khoai by private entrepreneurs where tourists flock round the year. Ballavpurdanga, along with some other typical Santhal villages – Boner Pukur Danga, Mouldanga and Phuldanga, bordering the Sonajhuri forest in the khoai, have been brought within the Rural Tourism Scheme under the Endogenous Tourism Project (ETP) introduced by the Government of India in the early years of the 21st century. Tagore was a wayfarer. Although in his times, the concept of ecotourism had not emerged, the Poet was one with nature and one can say that he would have definitely advocated the practice. This paper studies the scope and sustainability of ecotourism in Santiniketan and seeks to find out the benefits it can provide to the host community and to visitors. The paper also attempts to investigate how ecotourism, as a practice, can serve actively in a rural reconstruction programme as envisaged by Tagore.

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FATIMA, AYESHA, and B. DUARY. "Integrated use of herbicide and straw mulch in suppressing the weed species in summer sesame (Sesamum indicum)." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 90, no. 11 (December 16, 2020): 2132–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v90i11.108575.

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A field experiment was conducted during the summer (pre-kharif) season of 2016 at the Agricultural Farm of the Institute of Agriculture (Palli Siksha Bhavana), Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal. The experiment comprising two factors; three cultivars and five weed management practices was laid out in a factorial randomized block design with three replications. Digitaria sanguinalis, among the grasses; Cyperus rotundus, among the sedges and Spilanthes acmella, among the broadleaved weeds were predominant throughout the cropping period of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). The cultivar Rama recorded significantly the lower values of weed density, dry weight; higher values of capsules per plant (40), seeds per capsule(53) and seed yield (1181 kg ha-1) of sesame. Among the weed control treatments, integrated use of pendimethalin at 1.0 kg ha-1 at 1 PE + straw mulching at 3.5 t ha-1 at 15 DAS registered the lower weed density as well as dry weight of grassy, broadleaved, sedge and total weeds at 45 and 60 DAS; higher number of capsules plant-1 (41), seeds capsule-1(49), seed yield (1123 kg ha-1) and higher weed control efficiency (94.36%) at 60 DAS. The cultivar Rama with pendimethalin at 1.0 kg ha-1at PE + straw mulching at 3.5 t ha-1 was found to be effective in controlling composite weed flora. Lower values of weed density and weed dry weight; higher values of yield and yield attributes of sesame and weed control efficiency were registered with combination of cultivar Rama and pendimethalin at 1.0 kg ha-1 at PE + straw mulching at 3.5 t ha-1 at 15 DAS. The treatment straw mulching at 3.5 t ha-1 was found to be effective in controlling broadleaved weeds. Thus, integrated use of weed competitive cultivar Rama along with pendimethalin at 1.0 kg ha-1 at PE + straw mulching at 3.5 t ha-1 at 15 DAS appeared to be the most promising approach for effective weed management and obtaining higher productivity of summer sesame.

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Mukherjee, D., PR Manna, and S. Bhattacharya. "Functional relevance of luteinizing hormone receptor in mouse uterus." European Journal of Endocrinology 131, no. 1 (July 1994): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.0.1310103.

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Mukherjee D, Manna PR, Bhattacharya S. Functional relevance of luteinizing hormone receptor in mouse uterus. Eur J Endocrinol 1994;131:103–8. ISSN 0804–4643 The presence of high-affinity luteinizing hormone (LH)/human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) receptors has been reported in porcine, rabbit, rat and human uteri. We have demonstrated binding of [125I]LH to mouse uterus, which was saturable. Scatchard plot analysis indicated Kd to be 1.37 × 10−10 mol/l and the maximum binding capacity to be 5.24 nmol/kg protein. Attempts have been made to observe the functional relevance of gonadotropin receptor in the mouse uterus. The size and weight of the uterus remarkably decreased as a result of ovariectomy; administration of LH to ovariectomized (OVX) mice significantly increased the uterine weight in comparison to the OVX control (p < 0.01), indicating a direct effect of LH on the uterus. There was a two-fold decrease of uterine ascorbic acid content in LH-treated OVX mice as compared to the intact control. The gain in uterine weight of OVX mice by LH was due to the increase in uterine protein synthesis. The stimulatory effect of LH on OVX mice uterus appears to be mediated via steroid hormones because it significantly augmented uterine mitochondrial steroidogenesis. Since 17β-estradiol (E2) is known to stimulate uterine protein synthesis, the circulatory level of E2 was determined in intact, OVX and OVX + LHtreated mice. A fall in the circulatory level of E2 occurred in OVX mice as compared to the control, while treatment of LH for 7 days (three injections) significantly elevated E2 levels in OVX mice (p < 0.001). This higher level of E2 in OVX mice remains unaltered on adrenalectomy, indicating that adrenals are not the source for increased E2 levels. Data therefore imply that LH can stimulate uterine E2 formation. Results from an in vitro incubation of uterine tissue from intact, OVX and OVX + LHtreated mice showed that ovariectomy caused a sharp drop of E2, while treatment with LH significantly increased E2 release and the uterine contents. Hence, it may be suggested that LH has a direct effect on the uterus of OVX mice: by occupying a high-affinity binding site it stimulates steroidogenesis, resulting in higher E2 formation, which, in turn, dramatically increases uterine weight by stimulating protein synthesis. S Bhattacharya, School of Life Science, Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731 235, West Bengal, India

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Mondal, Shreya, and G. K. Ghosh. "Effect of Zinc and Boron on Yield, Quality and Nutritional Value of Broccoli Head (Brassica oleracea var. italica) with Different Application Methods in Red and Lateritic Soils of Birbhum District, India." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 35, no. 18 (July 28, 2023): 1132–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i183380.

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The aim of the study was to improve yield, quality and nutritional value of broccoli head with different dose and application methods of zinc and boron and also decide the best possible treatment combination. The experiment was conducted in Palli sikhsha bhavana, agriculture farm, Visva Bharati (Sriniketan) during rabi seasons of 2018-19 and 2019-20 from October to January. It was laid out in a Factorial Randomized Block Design consisting of 9 treatments of zinc and boron combination with different doses and application method replicated thrice. Three treatments of Zinc viz. Z0 (no zinc), Zf (foliar application @0.5% ZnSO4), Zs (soil application @25 kg/ha ZnSO4) and three treatments of Boron viz. B0 (no boron), Bf (foliar application @0.5% borax), Bs (soil application @2 kg/ha borax) randomized among themselves The crop was planted (spacing of 50 cm X 40 cm), fertilized (N: P2O5: K2O::150:100:100) and irrigated as per recommended practices. Five plants from each plot were randomly selected and tagged for data collection. Treatment (T8) combined application of boron soil @2 kg/ha and zinc as foliar @0.5% was found superior for total yield (28.9 ton/ha) and head weight per plot (695.4 gms). Vitamin C and total chlorophyll of broccoli head significantly improved with combined application of zinc in soil @25 kg/ha and boron as foliar @0.5% with highest value of 1117.5mg/g and 0.77mg/g respectively. Highest Total sugar and reducing content was recorded for combined application of boron in soil @2 kg/ha as well as foliar @0.5% with value of 1.7% and 1.62%. Crude protein content in broccoli head was significantly improved with zinc foliar application @0.5% with a value of 14.34%. Zinc concentration and zinc uptake by broccoli head was significantly increased by zinc foliar application @0.5% recording highest value of 0.041% and 6.67 kg/ha whereas boron concentration and uptake was improved by combined application of boron soil @2 kg/ha and zinc as foliar @0.5% with a value of 0.0049% and 2.26 kg/ha respectively. The combined application of boron in soil @2 kg/ha and zinc as foliar @0.5% would be the best treatment to impact on yield, quality and nutritional values of broccoli head in red and lateritic soils of Birbhum district.

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Shankar, Tanmoy, Ganesh Chandra Malik, Mahua Banerjee, Sudarshan Dutta, Sagar Maitra, Subhashisa Praharaj, Masina Sairam, et al. "Productivity and Nutrient Balance of an Intensive Rice–Rice Cropping System Are Influenced by Different Nutrient Management in the Red and Lateritic Belt of West Bengal, India." Plants 10, no. 8 (August 6, 2021): 1622. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10081622.

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Rice is the lifeline for more than half of the world population, and in India, in view of its huge demand in the country, farmers adopt a rice–rice cropping system where the irrigation facility is available. As rice is a nutrient-exhausting crop, sustainable productivity of rice–rice cropping system greatly depends on appropriate nutrient management in accordance with the inherent soil fertility. The application of an ample dose of fertilizer is the key factor for maintaining sustainable rice yields and nutrient balance of the soil. Considering the above facts, an experiment was conducted on nutrient management in a rice–rice cropping system at the university farm of Visva-Bharati, situated in a sub-tropical climate under the red and lateritic belt of the western part of West Bengal, India, during two consecutive years (2014–2016). The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Completely Block Design with 12 treatments and three replications, with different rates of N:P:K:Zn:S application in both of the growing seasons, namely, kharif and Boro. The recommended (ample) dose of nutrients was 80:40:40:25:20 and 120:60:60:25:20 kg ha−1 of N:P2O5:K2O:Zn:S in the Kharif and Boro season, respectively. A high yielding variety, named MTU 7029, and a hybrid, Arize 6444 GOLD, were taken in the Kharif and Boro seasons, respectively. The results clearly indicated that the application of a recommended dose of nutrients showed its superiority over the control (no fertilizer application) in the expression of growth characters, yield attributes, yields, and nutrient uptake of Kharif as well as Boro rice. Out of the all treatments, the best result was found in the treatment where the ample dose of nutrients was applied, resulting in maximum grain yield in both the Kharif (5.6 t ha−1) and Boro (6.6 t ha−1) season. The corresponding yield attributes for the same treatment in the Kharif (panicles m−2: 247.9; grains panicle−1: 132.0; spikelets panicle−1: 149.6; test weight: 23.8 g; and panicle length: 30.6 cm) and Boro (panicles m−2: 281.6; grains panicle−1: 142.7; spikelets panicle−1: 157.2; test weight: 24.8 g; and panicle length: 32.8 cm) season explained the maximum yield in this treatment. Further, a reduction or omission of individual nutrients adversely impacted on the above traits and resulted in a negative balance of the respective nutrients. The study concluded that the application of a recommended dose of nutrients was essential for proper nutrient balance and sustainable yields in the rice–rice cropping system.

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Krueger, Robert J. "Review of Chemistry and Pharmacology of Naturally Occurring Bioactive CompoundsChemistry and Pharmacology of Naturally Occurring Bioactive Compounds. Edited by G. Brahmachari (Visva-Bharati University). CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. 2013. xxii + 562 pp. $182.95. 7 × 10 in. ISBN 978-1-4398-167-4." Journal of Natural Products 81, no. 1 (December 29, 2017): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00942.

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Robinson, Andrew. "Paintings of Rabindranath Tagore. Volumes 1–4. By Rabindra Chitravali and Edited by R. Siva Kumar. pp. 389, 383, 395, 383. New Delhi, Pratikshan (Kolkata), in association with Visva-Bharati (Santiniketan) and Ministry of Culture, Government of India, 2011. Also Paintings of Rabindranath Tagore: Catalogue." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 22, no. 1 (January 2012): 193–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186311000733.

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Sarkar, Abhishek. "Book review: Swati Ganguly, Tagore’s University: A History of Visva-Bharati, 1921–1961." South Asia Research, November 5, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02627280231193098.

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Saha, Nimai Chand, and Keshab Chandra Sinha. "Study of Rural Libraries: With Special Reference to Chalantika Library of Gurudeva Rabindranath Tagore at Surrounding Villages of Sriniketan, Visva-Bharati." SRELS Journal of Information Management, June 1, 2015, 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17821/srels/2015/v52i3/70331.

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Background: Gurudeva Rabindranath Tagore had introduced rural library services as a part of rural reconstruction with a voluntary zeal. The service is still continuing by the Visva-Bharati through the Rural Extension Centre (REC) and with the financial assistance of the Raja Rammohan Roy Library Foundation (RRRLF), Kolkata. With the advancement of the society as well as in the field of technology, the library services have gradually shifted from their traditional concept. Therefore, it is a common thing to assume that the rural library services of Visva-Bharati have also to be changed for coping up with the recent trends and to meet the changing requirements of the rural people. Objectives of the study: In this context the present study is an attempt to explore the status of rural libraries controlled by REC, Visva-Bharati with all its required facets, e.g. annual additions, services offered by and activities performed by the rural library, the age group, gender, educational, occupational status of the rural library managers, readers visited, fund provision&its utilization, statement of furniture and programme organized by the libraries are taken into consideration. Methods and materials: The entire study is based on last five years annual report as prepared by the REC, Visva-Bharati. For data analysis, Tabular form of data presentation, Bar Chart, Histogram and Pie charts are being used as statistical techniques. Findings: The study has revealed that the most of the rural libraries are suffering from insufficient infrastructure, insufficient resources and lack of willingness of the rural people to work as librarian and assistant librarian to run the libraries as well as to be active members/readers of the library. Anticipated Result: The findings may come into help to the authority (REC, Visva-Bhaarti and RRRLF, Kolkata) for adopting appropriate measures to overcome the hurdles and make the services more popular to the village people for their development.

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Sen, Amrit. "“Beyond Borders”: Rabindranath Tagore’s Paintings and Visva-Bharati." Rupkatha Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities 2, no. 1 (March 15, 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v2n1.04.

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Roy, Abhijit, and Parthasarathi Mukhopadhyay. "Measuring Open Access Friendliness of Indian Central Universities through Data Carpentry." SRELS Journal of Information Management, June 28, 2022, 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17821/srels/2022/v59i3/170100.

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The present study measures the open access friendliness of Indian central universities against some open access indicators based on 100 points scale. It applies a data carpentry tool namely Open Refine to measure the open access friendliness of Indian universities. This ranking framework consists of two primary areas viz. OA publications share and OA license share, including five factors (OA share, Gold and Green OA share, Repository share, OA license share and Gold & Green license share). The present study has analysed a total of 85916 publications of ten central universities that are listed in the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF), 2021 covering 28.43% of publications under four OA routes (Gold OA, Green OA, Hybrid OA and Bronze OA). The study has proposed an OAFI ranking framework for measuring the web presence of said universities. It is found that Visva Bharati University ranks 1st scoring 64.04 (out of 100) points and Tezpur University has scored the lowest points i.e., 48.75 (out of 100).

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Chatterjee, Kallol, and Ommar Ali. "Mental Imagery Between Indigenous & Ball Games Players: A Comparison." Indian Journal of YOGA Exercise & Sport Science and Physical Education, June 5, 2023, 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.58914/ijyesspe.2023-8.1.7.

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Background: - Ball game is a very popular game all over world and indigenous sport also very popular in India. Indigenous sports are native games and play activities originating in and Characteristic of an area or country. Aims: - The Purpose of the study is to compare indigenous & ball games players in respect of sports imagery ability. Methods and Material: - Total 40 Inter University level players from Visva- Bharati University, Santiniketa, Birbhum, WestBengal, India were selected as subjects for this study. The age of the subjects were 21-25 years. Statistical analysis used :- Descriptive statistics and‘t’ test were used. To calculate the collected data socscistatistics.com (Online software) was used. Results:- The result shows that there is no significant difference of sports mental imagery ability between indigenous sports(kho-kho&kabaddi) and ball game(football&volleyball) players. Conclusions:- There is no significant difference between indigenous sports and ballgame players in respect of Sports Mental imagery ability.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Visva-Bharati'

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