To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Vital registration system.
Journal articles on the topic 'Vital registration system'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Vital registration system.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Nichols, E. K., D. Giles, S. Kang'oma, L. Mwalwanda, A. Onaka, and F. Notzon. "Rapid assessment of Malawi's civil registration and vital statistics system." Public Health Action 5, no. 3 (September 21, 2015): 162–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5588/pha.15.0021.
Full text
2
Usman, Sofoora Kawsar, and Sheena Moosa. "Evaluation of civil registration and vital statistics system in the Maldives: Focus on mortality statistics." Statistical Journal of the IAOS 36, no. 4 (November 25, 2020): 933–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/sji-200748.
Full textAbstract:
An efficient Civil Registration and Vital Statistics (CRVS) system is a development imperative. Data on death registration and causes of death are important for measuring health outcomes. This paper evaluates the completeness and quality of data on death registration and causes of death (CoD) based on analysis of the registration records on death and causes of death for the period 2009–2018. Using established methods and approaches, we observed that CRVS system performed well on death registration completeness, quality of age and sex reporting. However, the quality of cause of death data was poor with 50% of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes classified as “major garbage codes” and significant time lag was observed in the transmission and production of vital statistics. The CRVS system in Maldives is complete with all deaths occurring within its territory registered and causes of death recorded. The two areas that require attention are the time taken for publication of vital statistics and quality of cause of death reporting. Appropriate re-engineering of the existing business process can build real-time mortality data, and regular quality assessment of death certificates with feedback to health facilities can bring sustained improvements in quality of vital statistics.
3
Peng, Yu, Zheng Long Shao, Yan Xia Li, and Yu Zhang. "Research and Implementation of Voluntary Screening Algorithm in Online Course Registration System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 336-338 (July 2013): 2031–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.336-338.2031.
Full textAbstract:
The algorithm is a key part of the online course registration system. It plays a vital role on the online course registration system to ensure most of issues like fairness, network bottleneck, multi-registration and multi-dropping be solved well. By supporting the registration way of multi-level, multi-category, and multi-willingness, introducing the willingness of students into the calculation of course priority and letting the willingness of students affect the selective probability, it meets the registration requirement maximally and solves the issues well including fake registration number and random registration. This article will introduce the design and implementation of the algorithm.
4
Maduekwe, Nnamdi Ifeanyi, Olufunmilayo O. Banjo, and Mike O. Sangodapo. "The Nigerian Civil Registration and Vital Statistics System: Contexts, Institutions, Operation." Social Indicators Research 134, no. 2 (September 17, 2016): 651–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11205-016-1448-5.
Full text
5
Sulistiowati, Eva, and Kartika Handayani. "Pelaksanaan Registrasi Kematian dan Penyebab Kematian di Kota Ambon Tahun 2014." Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan 29, no. 1 (April 14, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22435/mpk.v29i1.394.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The registration system of death and cause of death as part of a good Civil Registration and Vital Statistics System (CRVS) form the basis for planning, monitoring and evaluating development programs. Ambon City as one of the development areas for recording death and causes of death since 2010 shows results that are still under-estimated (below 7 permill). Evaluation of the implementation process is needed to find out the obstacles. The qualitative methods include in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and collecting secondary data as supporting data. The analysis is part of the Comprehensive Evaluation Study on the Development of the Death Registration System and the Causes of Death in 14 districts/cities in Indonesia in 2014, carried out by triangulation and thematically compiled. The results obtained that the system of birth and death registration in the city of Ambon is already well-organized: there are regional regulations regarding the administration of population administration even though they have not included information on causes of death; the difference in vital registration data from various agencies; limited human resources, funds, facilities and infrastructure; and public awareness to report births/deaths still low. To increase the coverage of death registration and causes of death, it is necessary: local government regulations that include the cause of death; formation of joint committees and “one data” vital statistics; Autopsy Verbal (AV) workshop/training; utilization of funds from the Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget and Health Operational Costs optimally; cooperation with community leaders (Muhabet) and socialization to the community.
Abstrak
Sistem registrasi kematian dan penyebab kematian sebagai bagian dari Sistem Registrasi Sipil dan Statistik Vital (Civil Registrations and Vital Statistics/CRVS) yang baik menjadi dasar untuk perencanaan, monitoring, dan evaluasi program pembangunan. Kota Ambon sebagai salah satu daerah pengembangan kegiatan pencatatan kematian dan penyebab kematian sejak tahun 2010, menunjukkan hasil yang masih under estimate (dibawah 7 permil). Evaluasi proses pelaksanaan diperlukan untuk mengetahui kendala yang dihadapi. Metode yang digunakan kualitatif meliputi wawancara mendalam, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dan mengumpulkan data sekunder sebagai data pendukung. Analisis merupakan bagian dari Studi Evaluasi Menyeluruh Pengembangan Sistem Registrasi Kematian dan Penyebab Kematian di 14 kabupaten/kota di Indonesia Tahun 2014, dilakukan dengan triangulasi dan disusun secara tematik. Hasil yang diperoleh bahwa sistem pencatatan kelahiran dan kematian di Kota Ambon sudah tersistem dan tertata cukup baik, ada peraturan daerah tentang penyelenggaraan administrasi kependudukan walaupun belum mencakup keterangan penyebab kematian; adanya perbedaan data registrasi vital dari berbagai instansi; keterbatasan sumber daya manusia, dana, sarana prasarana; serta kesadaran masyarakat untuk melaporkan kejadian kelahiran/kematian yang masih rendah. Untuk meningkatkan cakupan registrasi kematian dan penyebab kematian, diperlukan: regulasi pemerintah daerah yang menyertakan penyebab kematian; pembentukan komite bersama dan “one data” statistik vital; workshop/pelatihan Autopsy Verbal (AV); pemanfaatan dana Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah (APBD) dan Biaya Operasional Kesehatan (BOK) secara optimal; kerjasama dengan tokoh masyarakat (Muhabet), dan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat.
6
Joos, Olga, Srdjan Mrkic, and Lynn Sferrazza. "Legal Frameworks: A Starting Point for Strengthening Medicolegal Death Investigation Systems and Improving Cause and Manner of Death Statistics in Civil Registration and Vital Statistics Systems." Academic Forensic Pathology 11, no. 2 (June 2021): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19253621211027747.
Full textAbstract:
Medicolegal death investigation systems, which generally fall within one of three types—medical examiner, coroner, or law-enforcement-led systems—investigate deaths that are unnatural or suspicious. The current quality of cause of death statistics on deaths investigated within medicolegal death investigation systems globally limits effective public health response. A starting point to strengthening global medicolegal death investigation systems and improving the quality of cause and manner of death reported to civil registration systems is through a strong legal framework. Two resources, the United Nations Statistics Division Guidelines on the Legislative Framework for Civil Registration, Vital Statistics and Identity Management and the Global Health Advocacy Incubator Legal and Regulatory Toolkit for Civil Registration, Vital Statistics and Identity Management, present recommendations and provide guidance to country stakeholders in reviewing and revising their medicolegal death investigation legal frameworks. Physician determination of cause and manner of death, defined criteria for case referral to the medicolegal death investigation system, an amendment process, and investigation collaboration are four core considerations for medicolegal death investigation system legal frameworks. A strong medicolegal death investigation legal framework is a necessary starting point, but it is not sufficient for ensuring the timely, accurate, and complete reporting of cause and manner of death in national vital statistics.
7
Stephens, J., P. L. Alonso, P. Byass, and R. W. Snow. "Tropical Epidemiology: A System for Continuous Demographic Monitoring of a Study Population." Methods of Information in Medicine 28, no. 03 (July 1989): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1635562.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract:Epidemiologists in many developing countries, where official demographic services are unavailable, have to include some demographic functions in their work. The usual method of documenting a study population for epidemiological research in a developing country consists of three stages: mapping, enumeration and vital registration. This paper considers the last element of this process, detailing the development of a suitable data system and explaining how its implementation using microcomputers and a database management system can help in the creation of an on-line continuous vital registration system for a study population as an epidemiological tool. The issues covered are data collection, entry and analysis, and the advantages of such a system for use in epidemiological research in developing countries are also discussed.
8
Paudel, Sanjeet, and Subarna Shakya. "Use of ICT in Vital Event Registration in Nepal and its Implementation Challenges." Journal of Advanced College of Engineering and Management 4 (December 31, 2018): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jacem.v4i0.23204.
Full textAbstract:
To improve service delivery of government, paper based vital event registration (VER) system should gradually be replaced by ICT based system. This paper highlights the barriers that may stand in implementing ICT in VER. Questionnaire was used to collect primary data. Population size for the research was 6,743 out of which 272 valid responses were used for the research. The gathered data were subjected to demographic study, T-test, ANOVA test and Reliability analysis. The correlation between independent and dependent variables were computed. It was found that nine constructs namely: cost, leadership and management support, organizational process and commitment, usability, human factor, system feature, infrastructure, acts, rules and regulations and political situation are major barriers for implementing ICT based system for vital event registration.
9
AbouZahr, Carla, Martin W. Bratschi, Emily Cercone, Anushka Mangharam, Don de Savigny, Irina Dincu, Anette Bayer Forsingdal, et al. "The COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Civil Registration of Births and Deaths and on Availability and Utility of Vital Events Data." American Journal of Public Health 111, no. 6 (June 2021): 1123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2021.306203.
Full textAbstract:
The complex and evolving picture of COVID-19–related mortality highlights the need for data to guide the response. Yet many countries are struggling to maintain their data systems, including the civil registration system, which is the foundation for detailed and continuously available mortality statistics. We conducted a search of country and development agency Web sites and partner and media reports describing disruptions to the civil registration of births and deaths associated with COVID-19 related restrictions. We found considerable intercountry variation and grouped countries according to the level of disruption to birth and particularly death registration. Only a minority of the 66 countries were able to maintain service continuity during the COVID-19 restrictions. In the majority, a combination of legal and operational challenges resulted in declines in birth and death registration. Few countries established business continuity plans or developed strategies to deal with the backlog when restrictions are lifted. Civil registration systems and the vital statistics they generate must be strengthened as essential services during health emergencies and as core components of the response to COVID-19.
10
Ukoji, Ukoji V., Ethelbert Okoronkwo, Chukwuechefulam K. Imo, and Chidi S. Mbah. "Civil Registration and Vital Statistics as Sources of Socio-Demographic Data for Good Governance in Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Sociology and Anthropology 17, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 102–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36108/njsa/9102/71(0170).
Full textAbstract:
Timely and accurate demographic data, resulting from robust Civil Registration and Vital Statistics [CRVS] systems play critical roles in facilitating the realisation of key developmental goals in most countries. A well-functioning CRVS system can afford Nigeria the ambit to gather timely data for evidence-based policy-making. However, just as in many other developing countries, Nigeria’s CRVS framework is plagued by weak institutional linkages resulting to poor quality sociodemographic data. Therefore, this paper focused on the importance of a robust CRVS system as source of quality sociodemographic data in Nigeria, with the objective of situating it within the broader context of good governance. The paper is primarily theoretical and employed the activity theory to examine access to and use of population-based data from the CRVS system for good governance. This paper concludes that the inability to generate actionable and quality population-based data due to Nigeria’s weak CRVS system, as well as non-data driven socioeconomic policies hinders good governance. Therefore, more investments are needed to scale-up Nigeria’s CRVS system and the resulting sociodemographic data should be a priority in driving national policy-making for good governance.
11
Barbero-García and Lerma. "Assessment of Registration Methods for Cranial 3D Modelling." Proceedings 19, no. 1 (July 15, 2019): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019019008.
Full textAbstract:
Three-dimensional (3D) models are a useful tool for cranial deformation analysis in infants. The registration of the head 3D models to a known coordinate system is vital for the obtainment of parameters and indexes that quantify deformation. In this study, three registration methodologies have been tested based on the principal component analysis (PCA) without tie points, and PCA measuring manually two and three identified tie points. Results show that the approach using PCA plus three manually identified tie points provides enough accuracy for the given application.
12
de Savigny, Don, Ian Riley, Daniel Chandramohan, Frank Odhiambo, Erin Nichols, Sam Notzon, Carla AbouZahr, et al. "Integrating community-based verbal autopsy into civil registration and vital statistics (CRVS): system-level considerations." Global Health Action 10, no. 1 (January 2017): 1272882. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2017.1272882.
Full text
13
Önal, H. Inci. "Archives as Builders of Civic Partnerships." Atlanti 26, no. 2 (October 25, 2016): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.33700/2670-451x.26.2.181-188(2016).
Full textAbstract:
Archives and archivists can participate in rekindling civic engagement from many venues. The implementation of a modern civil registration service is at the heart of providing better archival public services. The modernisation of civil registration system in Turkey culminated in 2000 with the introduction of the Central Civil Registration System or MERNIS, as is known by its abbreviations in Turkish, set up after long and arduous work. This paper describes the process of establishing, extending, and improving MERNIS services through national and international cooperation and collaboration. The focus of this paper provides examples of using archives by the public agencies accessing MERNIS are as follows: Economic and financial; planning and investment; security; military service; health services; education; social security; electoral registers; justice. As a result, it was found out that access to central civil registration system and archival databases to citizens eager to find and use vital services within their communities.
14
Cheng, Chang Xian. "Dynamic Optimization Design of High-Speed Under-Table Swing-Arm Gripper System in Sheet-Fed Offset Press." Advanced Materials Research 230-232 (May 2011): 916–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.230-232.916.
Full textAbstract:
By analyzing various kinds of gripper systems of different sheet-fed offset presses, the under-table swing-arm system, with a fixed axis, has the advantages of meeting high-speed press running requirement, keeping longer dwell time of printing sheets, helping improve print registration, and hence in favor of assuring HIFI print quality while having high press output. The dynamic optimization design of the under-table swing-arm system is vital to the higher performance of the system on the state of the art press machines. Through dynamic analysis of the gripper system, the way of dynamic optimization design and its correspondent formulas are derived in this paper.
15
Song, Hwa-Seob, Hyun-Soo Yoon, Seongpung Lee, Chang-Ki Hong, and Byung-Ju Yi. "Surgical Navigation System for Transsphenoidal Pituitary Surgery Applying U-Net-Based Automatic Segmentation and Bendable Devices." Applied Sciences 9, no. 24 (December 16, 2019): 5540. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9245540.
Full textAbstract:
Conventional navigation systems used in transsphenoidal pituitary surgery have limitations that may lead to organ damage, including long image registration time, absence of alarms when approaching vital organs and lack of 3-D model information. To resolve the problems of conventional navigation systems, this study proposes a U-Net-based, automatic segmentation algorithm for optical nerves and internal carotid arteries, by training patient computed tomography angiography images. The authors have also developed a bendable endoscope and surgical tool to eliminate blind regions that occur when using straight, rigid, conventional endoscopes and surgical tools during transsphenoidal pituitary surgery. In this study, the effectiveness of a U-Net-based navigation system integrated with bendable surgical tools and a bendable endoscope has been demonstrated through phantom-based experiments. In order to measure the U-net performance, the Jaccard similarity, recall and precision were calculated. In addition, the fiducial and target registration errors of the navigation system and the accuracy of the alarm warning functions were measured in the phantom-based environment.
16
Sari, Fatih, İrfan Kandemir, and Durmuş A. Ceylan. "Integration of NDVI Imagery and Crop Coverage Registration System for Apiary Schedule." Journal of Apicultural Science 64, no. 1 (July 2, 2020): 105–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jas-2020-0011.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractBeekeepers need to establish migratory apiaries to benefit from pollen and nectar source plants as in order to increase honey yield. Thus, following the flowering seasons of honey source plants has vital importance when deciding the route of migration. In this study, MODIS imagery was used to generate weekly NDVI data between 1st April to 31st August 2018, when beekeeping activities start and end in the study area. Although MODIS images have high temporal resolution, low spatial resolution (250 meters) makes them insufficient when deciding the crop types and plants. While detecting plants in natural plant areas requires high spatial resolution NDVI, Crop Coverage Registration System (CCRS) parcel-based crop coverage records can enrich the NDVI data without increasing spatial resolution in agricultural lands. Thus, the CCRS data were integrated with NDVI images for migratory beekeeping in agricultural areas as an innovation. To generate both high temporal and spatial resolution, NDVI and CCRS data were integrated together with a beekeeping suitability map to generate the apiary schedule. The results were verified with 176 existing apiary locations and production dates retrieved from field studies which revealed the existence of three seasons in the study area as early and late apiaries (in natural plant areas) and apiaries in agricultural lands. Accuracy analysis showed that 82% of the apiaries intersected with suitable locations and that apiaries in agricultural areas were detected five days earlier than in field studies and obtained more accurately than natural plant apiaries.
17
Gizaw, Muluneh E. "The status, challenges and opportunities of civil registration and vital statistics in Ethiopia: a systematic review." International Journal of Scientific Reports 6, no. 5 (April 21, 2020): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20201604.
Full textAbstract:
<p>While civil registration and vital statistics (CRVS) plays prominent roles to improve public sector management, i.e., the economic, social and political issues of a population, its adoption has not been yet without challenges and is still in its infant stage in most developing countries, including Ethiopia. This study reviews various literatures and studies made by different researchers and institutions related to the status, challenges and opportunities of CRVS in Ethiopia. Even though, CRVS has got a national recognition before hundred years in the country, the directives and rules are not issued for implementation. According to the findings,<strong> </strong>Ethiopia is among the countries that have not yet installed CRVS systems in both national and regional levels successfully. It is challenged by infrastructure, capacity building and lack of awareness among the population on the benefits of the system. The status of civil registration and vital statistics is in the lowest rank in Ethiopia. Recently, the aid agencies and the government has been giving special attention to scale up its performance in different parts of the country.</p><p> </p>
18
Rau, Manoj Kumar, and Ananta Basudev Sahub. "Sdg 3 monitoring at sub-national level with data from the civil registration system in rajasthan state, india : 2001-14." Journal of Management and Science 7, no. 3 (December 30, 2017): 410–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/jms.2017.65.
Full textAbstract:
In India, Civil registration was initiated under the registration of births and deaths act,1969 to give reliable estimates of fertility and mortality situation for the nation up to the lowest administrative levels, but due to its inadequate and underreporting, still the Sample Registration System is used to generate reliable indicators of fertility and mortality. In this paper, an attempt is made to compute certain indicators from the civil registration system for the period of 2001-14 in the State of Rajasthan, India. The major SDG indicators of goal 3 of ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all at all ages; targets 3.1 (By 2030, reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 live births) and 3.2 (By 2030, end preventable deaths of newborns and children under 5 years of age, with all countries aiming to reduce neonatal mortality to at least as low as 12 per 1,000 live births and under-5 mortality to at least as low as 25 per 1,000 live births) with indicators of Under-five Mortality Rate (indicator 3.2.1) and Maternal Mortality Ratio (indicator 3.1.1) and other fertility and mortality indicators can be computed, if certain denominator bases are available every year. As the civil registration data has not been classified by the place of residence, it is not strictly comparable to SRS figures. But it has been presented here so as to serve as an indication and for the improvement of the system for generation of reliable vital rates at subnational levels using civil registration data, which is the need of the day for planning purposes for programme managers and policy makers.
19
ALI, WAJID, TANGUI MORVAN, PETTER RISHOLM, OLE JAKOB ELLE, and EIGIL SAMSET. "A VISUALIZATION AND FUSION SYSTEM FOR IMAGE GUIDED RFA PROCEDURES." International Journal of Image and Graphics 10, no. 02 (April 2010): 155–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219467810003718.
Full textAbstract:
We introduce a 3D visualization and fusion system to enhance the safety of Radio-Frequency Ablation (RFA) procedures by means of new concepts and techniques of data visualization. The developed system introduces a novel Collision Detection (CD) feature in order to avoid hitting major vessels and vital organs with the RFA probe. Intra-operative registration allows the fusion of image data for visual guidance during the insertion of the RFA probe in the abdomen. The proposed system has a component based design and architecture. This RFA system is integrated to support a complete interventional workflow. The system has been successfully used to develop different applications for RFA of liver tumors. The performance of the collision detection has been validated by experiments on a multi-modality abdominal phantom which have shown very good and accurate results.
20
Moomba, K., A. Williams, T. Savory, M. Lumpa, P. Chilembo, H. Tweya, A. D. Harries, and M. Herce. "Effects of real-time electronic data entry on HIV programme data quality in Lusaka, Zambia." Public Health Action 10, no. 1 (March 21, 2020): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5588/pha.19.0068.
Full textAbstract:
Setting: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) clinics in five hospitals and five health centres in Lusaka, Zambia, which transitioned from daily entry of paper-based data records to an electronic medical record (EMR) system by dedicated data staff (Electronic-Last) to direct real-time data entry into the EMR by frontline health workers (Electronic-First).Objective: To compare completeness and accuracy of key HIV-related variables before and after transition of data entry from Electronic-Last to Electronic-First.Design: Comparative cross-sectional study using existing secondary data.Results: Registration data (e.g., date of birth) was 100% complete and pharmacy data (e.g., antiretroviral therapy regimen) was <90% complete under both approaches. Completeness of anthropometric and vital sign data was <75% across all facilities under Electronic-Last, and this worsened after Electronic-First. Completeness of TB screening and World Health Organization clinical staging data was also <75%, but improved with Electronic-First. Data entry errors for registration and clinical consultations decreased under Electronic-First, but errors increased for all anthropometric and vital sign variables. Patterns were similar in hospitals and health centres.Conclusion: With the notable exception of clinical consultation data, data completeness and accuracy did not improve after transitioning from Electronic-Last to Electronic-First. For anthropometric and vital sign variables, completeness and accuracy decreased. Quality improvement interventions are needed to improve Electronic-First implementation.
21
Ng, Ta-Chou, Wei-Cheng Lo, Chu-Chang Ku, Tsung-Hsueh Lu, and Hsien-Ho Lin. "Improving the Use of Mortality Data in Public Health: A Comparison of Garbage Code Redistribution Models." American Journal of Public Health 110, no. 2 (February 2020): 222–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2019.305439.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives. To describe and compare 3 garbage code (GC) redistribution models: naïve Bayes classifier (NB), coarsened exact matching (CEM), and multinomial logistic regression (MLR). Methods. We analyzed Taiwan Vital Registration data (2008–2016) using a 2-step approach. First, we used non-GC death records to evaluate 3 different prediction models (NB, CEM, and MLR), incorporating individual-level information on multiple causes of death (MCDs) and demographic characteristics. Second, we applied the best-performing model to GC death records to predict the underlying causes of death. We conducted additional simulation analyses for evaluating the predictive performance of models. Results. When we did not account for MCDs, all 3 models presented high average misclassification rates in GC assignment (NB, 81%; CEM, 86%; MLR, 81%). In the presence of MCD information, NB and MLR exhibited significant improvement in assignment accuracy (19% and 17% misclassification rate, respectively). Furthermore, CEM without a variable selection procedure resulted in a substantially higher misclassification rate (40%). Conclusions. Comparing potential GC redistribution approaches provides guidance for obtaining better estimates of cause-of-death distribution and highlights the significance of MCD information for vital registration system reform.
22
Copeland, Glenn. "Timely and Accurate Data From Vital Records Registration, Merged With Disease-Reporting System Data, Can Truly Empower Public Health Officials." American Journal of Public Health 111, no. 6 (June 2021): 990–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2021.306255.
Full text
23
Abraham, Goodhead T., Evans F. Osaisai, Dimie S. Wariowei, Abalaba Ineyekineye, and Obapou T. Tuesday. "Usability Issues with E-Commerce Websites in Nigeria." Asian Journal of Computer Science and Technology 10, no. 1 (May 5, 2021): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajcst-2021.10.1.2694.
Full textAbstract:
Usability issues are vital components for online-based businesses. With Nigeria integrating electronic payment into its financial system coupled with rising internet penetration in the country, several businesses have created an online presence and are cashing in on the opportunities. This has created a form of online competition among e-commerce businesses. This study employs the user test method to test the usability issues associated with E-commerce websites in Nigeria and how this affects the success of e-commerce businesses. We find several usability issues with all e-commerce websites tested and a general need for user-focused improvement on all the websites. We also find the issues of security and trust as salient to expand the e-commerce business in Nigerians. Based on the result and analysis, recommendations on usability, data policy, security, registration and other vital issues are offered.
24
Rampatige, Rasika, Saman Gamage, Sharika Peiris, and Alan D. Lopez. "Assessing the Reliability of Causes of Death Reported by the Vital Registration System in Sri Lanka: Medical Records Review in Colombo." Health Information Management Journal 42, no. 3 (October 2013): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/183335831304200302.
Full text
25
Farivarnia, Flora, Rasool Entezarmahdi, and Mohammad Delirrad. "The Epidemiology of Human Mortality in West Azerbaijan Province, Iran, 2016." International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine 10, no. 4 (December 12, 2020): 30049.1–30049.9. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/ijmtfm.v10i4.30049.
Full textAbstract:
Background: This article presents the most recent mortality data in West Azerbaijan Province (WAP) of Iran in 2016 based on selected characteristics, including age, sex, state of residence, and cause of death. Methods: After the local Ethics Committee approval, we obtained the data for this systematic database study from the local health registration office. The causes of death are processed following the International Classification of Diseases, tenth revision (ICD-10). The vital statistics were refined from the yearbooks of the National Organization for Civil Registration. Results: In 2016, a total of 14688 deaths were registered in the Health Death Registration System (HDRS) and 14622 in the Civil Death Registration System (CDRS) of WAP (~4% of Iran’s mortality). The Crude Mortality Rate (CMR) was 4.30 per 1000, showing an increase of 7.5% from the 2011 rate. Of the deceased, 56.9% were males, and 60% were attributed to urban areas. On average, men died 4 years earlier than women (61.2 vs 65.3 years, respectively). The major causes of death in 2016 remained the same as in 2011. Conclusion: The pattern of human mortality in WAP is comparatively consistent with the other regions of Iran except for the higher rate of neoplasms (19.6% compared to 10.7% of the country average) and the lower ratio of certain infectious and parasitic diseases (1% compared to 3.8% of the national average). There was a significant difference in registering the state of residence between HDRS and CDRS, which is highly recommended for further investigation in future studies.
26
Sudharsanan, Nikkil, Mahesh Deshmukh, and Yogeshwar Kalkonde. "Direct estimates of disability-adjusted life years lost due to stroke : a cross-sectional observational study in a demographic surveillance site in rural Gadchiroli, India." BMJ Open 9, no. 11 (November 2019): e028695. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028695.
Full textAbstract:
ObjectiveTo directly estimate disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost due to stroke in rural Gadchiroli, India and measure the contribution of mortality and disability to total DALYs lost.DesignCross-sectional descriptive study using population census, vital registration and stroke prevalence data.SettingA demographic surveillance site of 86 villages in Gadchiroli, a rural district in Maharashtra, India.ParticipantsPopulation counts and mortality information were drawn from a census and vital registration system covering a population of approximately 94 154 individuals; stroke prevalence information was based on a door-to-door evaluation of all 45 053 individuals from 39 of the 86 villages in the surveillance site.Primary outcome measuresYears of life lost (YLL), years lived with disability (YLD) and DALYs lost due to stroke.ResultsThere were 229 stroke deaths among the total population of 94 154 individuals and 175 stroke survivors among the subpopulation of 45 053 individuals. An estimated 2984 DALYs were lost due to stroke per 100 000 person-years with a higher burden among men compared with women (3142 vs 2821 DALYs). Over three-fourths (80%) of the total DALYs lost due to stroke were between ages 30 and 70 years. YLL accounted for 98.9% of total DALYs lost.ConclusionsThere was a high burden of stroke in rural Gadchiroli with a significant burden at premature ages. These results reveal a substantial need for surveillance and improved preventive and curative services for stroke in rural India.
27
Issa, Anindita N., Kelly Baker, Derek Pate, Royal Law, Tesfaye Bayleyegn, and Rebecca S. Noe. "Evaluation of Oklahoma’s Electronic Death Registration System and Event Fatality Markers for Disaster-Related Mortality Surveillance – Oklahoma USA, May 2013." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, no. 02 (April 2019): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19000189.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction:Official counts of deaths attributed to disasters are often under-reported, thus adversely affecting public health messaging designed to prevent further mortality. During the Oklahoma (USA) May 2013 tornadoes, Oklahoma State Health Department Division of Vital Records (VR; Oklahoma City, Oklahoma USA) piloted a flagging procedure to track tornado-attributed deaths within its Electronic Death Registration System (EDRS). To determine if the EDRS was capturing all tornado-attributed deaths, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; Atlanta, Georgia USA) evaluated three event fatality markers (EFM), which are used to collate information about deaths for immediate response and retrospective research efforts.Methods:Oklahoma identified 48 tornado-attributed deaths through a retrospective review of hospital morbidity and mortality records. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; Atlanta, Georgia USA) analyzed the sensitivity, timeliness, and validity for three EFMs, which included: (1) a tornado-specific flag on the death record; (2) a tornado-related term in the death certificate; and (3) X37, the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) code in the death record for Victim of a Cataclysmic Storm, which includes tornadoes.Results:The flag was the most sensitive EFM (89.6%; 43/48), followed by the tornado term (75.0%; 36/48), and the X37 code (56.2%; 27/48). The most-timely EFM was the flag, which took 2.0 median days to report (range 0-10 days), followed by the tornado term (median 3.5 days; range 1-21), and the X37 code (median >10 days; range 2-122). Over one-half (52.1%; 25/48) of the tornado-attributed deaths were missing at least one EFM. Twenty-six percent (11/43) of flagged records had no tornado term, and 44.1% (19/43) had no X37 code. Eleven percent (4/36) of records with a tornado term did not have a flag.Conclusion:The tornado-specific flag was the most sensitive and timely EFM. Using the flag to collate death records and identify additional deaths without the tornado term and X37 code may improve immediate response and retrospective investigations. Moreover, each of the EFMs can serve as quality controls for the others to maximize capture of all disaster-attributed deaths from vital statistics records in the EDRS.Issa AN, Baker K, Pate D, Law R, Bayleyegn T, Noe RS. Evaluation of Oklahoma’s Electronic Death Registration System and event fatality markers for disaster-related mortality surveillance – Oklahoma USA, May 2013. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2019;34(2):125–131
28
Singh, Brijesh P., Shweta Dixit, and Tapan Kumar Roy. "Stochastic Analysis of Infant Deaths by Age and Estimation of Parameters." Journal of Institute of Science and Technology 20, no. 1 (November 25, 2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jist.v20i1.13903.
Full textAbstract:
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) is a sensitive and powerful index of development. Birth and death, registered through vital registration system in the developing countries suffer from age misreporting, omissions and under count. To overcome this defectiveness in data and to obtain reliable estimates of birth and death rates, India introduced Sample Registration System (SRS) in 1960 but still they suffer from considerable degree of errors. It is observed in retrospective surveys that events are misreported due to ignorance and digit preference of the respondents. Thus, the data on deaths collected, suffer from one defect or other as mentioned above. To resolve this problem attempts have been made to develop and fit suitable models to data on age distribution of deaths. In this paper an attempt has been made to develop a model with an idea of the majority of infant deaths occurs within the first month of their life. The model is used to give a functional shape to the phenomenon of infant deaths distribution and apply on real data taken from NFHS.Journal of Institute of Science and Technology, 2015, 20(1): 1-5
29
Suthar, Amitabh Bipin, Aleya Khalifa, Olga Joos, Eric–Jan Manders, Abu Abdul-Quader, Frank Amoyaw, Camara Aoua, et al. "National health information systems for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals." BMJ Open 9, no. 5 (May 16, 2019): e027689. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027689.
Full textAbstract:
ObjectivesAchieving the Sustainable Development Goals will require data-driven public health action. There are limited publications on national health information systems that continuously generate health data. Given the need to develop these systems, we summarised their current status in low-income and middle-income countries.SettingThe survey team jointly developed a questionnaire covering policy, planning, legislation and organisation of case reporting, patient monitoring and civil registration and vital statistics (CRVS) systems. From January until May 2017, we administered the questionnaire to key informants in 51 Centers for Disease Control country offices. Countries were aggregated for descriptive analyses in Microsoft Excel.ResultsKey informants in 15 countries responded to the questionnaire. Several key informants did not answer all questions, leading to different denominators across questions. The Ministry of Health coordinated case reporting, patient monitoring and CRVS systems in 93% (14/15), 93% (13/14) and 53% (8/15) of responding countries, respectively. Domestic financing supported case reporting, patient monitoring and CRVS systems in 86% (12/14), 75% (9/12) and 92% (11/12) of responding countries, respectively. The most common uses for system-generated data were to guide programme response in 100% (15/15) of countries for case reporting, to calculate service coverage in 92% (12/13) of countries for patient monitoring and to estimate the national burden of disease in 83% (10/12) of countries for CRVS. Systems with an electronic component were being used for case reporting, patient monitoring, birth registration and death registration in 87% (13/15), 92% (11/12), 77% (10/13) and 64% (7/11) of responding countries, respectively.ConclusionsMost responding countries have a solid foundation for policy, planning, legislation and organisation of health information systems. Further evaluation is needed to assess the quality of data generated from systems. Periodic evaluations may be useful in monitoring progress in strengthening and harmonising these systems over time.
30
Mehrasa, Jamshid, and Mohammad Kainiya. "A Platform for Development and Optimum Use of Land Capacity." Journal of Politics and Law 10, no. 2 (February 28, 2017): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jpl.v10n2p230.
Full textAbstract:
Cadaster refers to a system involving comprehensive geometric data on real estate across a country along with full details of properties, owners and respective rights. It can provide a dynamic administration of real estate datasets so that tasks are carried out at maximum efficiency and quality. From the legal point of view, a cadaster survey seeks to specify 4 essential characteristics concerning immovable property, including owner, ownership transfer practices, geographic location, dimensions (area) based on primary and secondary registration numbers, quality and quantity of properties. By determining these parameters and registering them in single-sheet cadastral deeds as well as an online database, a great step can be taken to mitigate the rate of violations and crimes related to property registration, and subsequently reduce the lawsuits. Nowadays, it is critical to implement a land and real estate registration system in any country, since it can facilitate the sustainable development of the central government, provide security of tenure and property ownership rights, facilitate investment in the real estate market and the transactions, guarantee a transparent, efficient property evaluation and ultimately set the groundwork for planning and utilizing lands and achieving sustainable development. It is crucial to emphasize the fact that the Iranian economic and industrial development has posed numerous new obstacles against authorities in charge of the cadaster survey and registration of land ownership, since they have to take caution about the potential demand and dynamism of the cadaster expansion in the future. As a result, the cadaster expansion should be constantly monitored to ensure its compliance and support for adopting appropriate decisions, optimally managing the lands, minimizing the detrimental consequences of environmental changes and their consistency with the current and upcoming requirements. The continuous development of cadaster systems and their capability to cooperate with other national databases is vital for ensuring all needs are met in various economic sectors and providing reliable data update on real estate.
31
Raghunathan, Pratima L., Shabir A. Madhi, and Robert F. Breiman. "Illuminating Child Mortality: Discovering Why Children Die." Clinical Infectious Diseases 69, Supplement_4 (October 9, 2019): S257—S259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz562.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractCurrent understanding of the causes of under-5 childhood deaths in low- and middle-income countries relies heavily on country-level vital registration data and verbal autopsies. Reliable data on specific causes of deaths are crucial to target interventions more effectively and achieve rapid reductions in under-5 mortality. The Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance (CHAMPS) network aims to systematically describe causes of child death and stillbirth in low- and middle-income countries using minimally invasive tissue sampling. The articles in this supplement introduce the set of foundational epidemiologic, demographic surveillance, social behavioral science, and laboratory methods. Undergirding the CHAMPS surveillance system designed to determine causes of child mortality.
32
Donneyong, Macarius, Charles Reynolds, David Mischoulon, Grace Chang, Heike Luttmann-Gibson, Vadim Bubes, McKenna Guilds, Joann Manson, and Olivia Okereke. "Protocol for studying racial/ethnic disparities in depression care using joint information from participant surveys and administrative claims databases: an observational cohort study." BMJ Open 10, no. 1 (January 2020): e033173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033173.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionCurrent evidence indicates that older racial/ethnic minorities encounter disparities in depression care. Because late-life depression is common and confers major adverse health consequences, it is imperative to reduce disparities in depression care. Thus, the primary objectives of this protocol are to: (1) quantify racial/ethnic disparities in depression treatment and (2) identify and quantify the magnitude of these disparities accountable for by a multifactorial combination of patient, provider and healthcare system factors.Methods and analysisData will be derived from the Vitamin D and Omega-3 Trial-Depression Endpoint Prevention (VITAL-DEP) study, a late-life depression prevention ancillary study to the VITAL trial. A total of 25 871 men and women, aged 50+ and 55+ years, respectively, were randomised in a 2×2 factorial randomised trial of heart disease and cancer prevention to receive vitamin D and/or fish oil for 5 years starting from 2011. Most participants were aged 65+ years old at randomisation. Medicare claims data for over 19 000 VITAL/VITAL-DEP participants were linked to conduct our study.The major study outcomes are depression treatment (antidepressant use and/or receipt of psychotherapy services) and adherence to medication treatment (antidepressant adherence and acceptability). The National Academy of Medicine framework for studying racial disparities was leveraged to select patient-level, provider-level and healthcare system-level variables and to address their potential roles in depression care disparities. Blinder-Oaxaca regression decomposition methods will be implemented to quantify and identify correlates of racial/ethnic disparities in depression treatment and adherence.Ethics and disseminationThis study received Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval from the Partners Healthcare (PHS) IRB, protocol# 2010P001881. We plan to disseminate our results through publication of manuscripts patient engagement activities, such as study newsletters regularly sent out to VITAL participants, and presentations at scientific meetings.Trial registration numberNCT01696435.
33
Katigbak, Jovito Jose. "Upgrading the Land Administration System of the Philippines through ICT: A Review of the Land Titling Computerization Program." JeDEM - eJournal of eDemocracy and Open Government 11, no. 1 (December 16, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.29379/jedem.v11i1.540.
Full textAbstract:
An effective and efficient land administration system is vital in pursuing national and local development as it ensures security of land tenure, enables citizens to utilize their land, and fosters a peaceful and stable environment. In the Philippines, the Land Registration Authority (LRA) demonstrated its commitment to adopt e-government by launching the Land Titling Computerization Project (LTCP) in 2008. Despite this major stride, the viability of the LTCP was put to the test due to a couple of challenges. Thus, this research attempts to describe the opportunities and challenges faced by the LTCP. It uses a descriptive-exploratory method as it identifies the depth of e-government development in the Philippines with a specific focus on the LTCP. The study finds that the LTCP is currently in the enhanced information services (stage 2) level based on the UN Online Service Index and basic gaps must be addressed via necessary improvements.
34
Liu, Dunnan, and Zhixin Dong. "Design of Management System under Fully Liberalizing the Power Generation and Utilization Plans for Operating Power Users." E3S Web of Conferences 236 (2021): 04004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123604004.
Full textAbstract:
In June 2019, the National Development and Reform Commission announced the “Notice on Fully Liberalizing the Power Generation and Utilization Plans for Operating Power Users”. With the liberalization of power generation and utilization plans for operating power users, the number of market entities participating in cross-province and cross-region transactions and the scale of transactions have increased, and power trading services are facing severe challenges. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the power market transaction management system and platform. There is an urgent need to build a multidimensional interactive power trading service system, to sort out and improve the business processes of market entity registration, transaction, settlement, and performance guarantee. And it is vital through the comprehensive upgrade and improvement of the trading platform functions to ensure the surge in marketoriented business demand. In addition, a market entity credit management system and contract performance evaluation mechanism should be established to strictly regulate the order of transactions in the electricity market.
35
Ghisolfi, Selene, Ingvild Almås, Justin C. Sandefur, Tillman von Carnap, Jesse Heitner, and Tessa Bold. "Predicted COVID-19 fatality rates based on age, sex, comorbidities and health system capacity." BMJ Global Health 5, no. 9 (September 2020): e003094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003094.
Full textAbstract:
Early reports suggest the fatality rate from COVID-19 varies greatly across countries, but non-random testing and incomplete vital registration systems render it impossible to directly estimate the infection fatality rate (IFR) in many low- and middle-income countries. To fill this gap, we estimate the adjustments required to extrapolate estimates of the IFR from high-income to lower-income regions. Accounting for differences in the distribution of age, sex and relevant comorbidities yields substantial differences in the predicted IFR across 21 world regions, ranging from 0.11% in Western Sub-Saharan Africa to 1.07% for high-income Asia Pacific. However, these predictions must be treated as lower bounds in low- and middle-income countries as they are grounded in fatality rates from countries with advanced health systems. To adjust for health system capacity, we incorporate regional differences in the relative odds of infection fatality from childhood respiratory syncytial virus. This adjustment greatly diminishes but does not entirely erase the demography-based advantage predicted in the lowest income settings, with regional estimates of the predicted COVID-19 IFR ranging from 0.37% in Western Sub-Saharan Africa to 1.45% for Eastern Europe.
36
Nassar, Hanaa, Carl H Halim, and Hesham A Katamish. "Clinical outcomes of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate partial coverage crowns compared to lithium disilicate partial coverage crowns. A randomized controlled split-mouth clinical study." F1000Research 8 (March 19, 2019): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.18274.1.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Despite the fact that preliminary clinical results of conservative partial coverage restorations (PCRs) are promising, the clinical behavior of different PCR ceramic materials is rarely investigated in clinical trials. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of partial coverage restorations (PCR) fabricated with zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic system compared to partial coverage restorations fabricated with lithium disilicate ceramic system. Methods: 46 vital premolars and molars of 14 patients were restored with PCRs (23 Vita Suprinity and 23 IPS e.max CAD). PCRs were CAD/CAM fabricated in the lab and adhesively luted with dual-polymerizing resin cement (Duolink. BISCO, USA). Clinical evaluation of PCRs was performed according to the Modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) at baseline, 6 and 12 months post-insertion. Absolute failure was demonstrated by Kaplan-Meier survival rate analysis. Results: After 12 months observation, all PCRs of both ceramic groups demonstrated 100% survival rate. Non-significant decrease in Alpha ratings for marginal adaptation (p = 0.1560) and marginal discoloration (p = 0.6078) in e-max group. While in the Suprinity group, PCRs demonstrated 100% Alpha ratings for marginal adaptation and only one Bravo rating (p= 0.3625) for marginal discoloration after 12 month observation. Conclusions: Both Vita-Suprinity and e.max CAD partial coverage restorations are considered reliable treatment options for restoring larger defects in posterior dentition. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02861729 04/08/2016
37
Iqbal, Fahad Mujtaba, Meera Joshi, Sadia Khan, Hutan Ashrafian, and Ara Darzi. "Implementation of Wearable Sensors and Digital Alerting Systems in Secondary Care: Protocol for a Real-World Prospective Study Evaluating Clinical Outcomes." JMIR Research Protocols 10, no. 5 (May 4, 2021): e26240. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/26240.
Full textAbstract:
Background Advancements in wearable sensors have caused a resurgence in their use, particularly because their miniaturization offers ambulatory advantages while performing continuous vital sign monitoring. Digital alerts can be generated following early recognition of clinical deterioration through breaches of set parameter thresholds, permitting earlier intervention. However, a systematic real-world evaluation of these alerting systems has yet to be conducted, and their efficacy remains unknown. Objective The aim of this study is to implement wearable sensors and digital alerting systems in acute general wards to evaluate the resultant clinical outcomes. Methods Participants on acute general wards will be screened and recruited into a trial with a pre-post implementation design. In the preimplementation phase, the SensiumVitals monitoring system, which continuously measures temperature, heart, and respiratory rates, will be used for monitoring alongside usual care. In the postimplementation phase, alerts will be generated from the SensiumVitals system when pre-established thresholds for vital parameters have been crossed, requiring acknowledgement from health care staff; subsequent clinical outcomes will be analyzed. Results Enrolment is currently underway, having started in September 2017, and is anticipated to end shortly. Data analysis is expected to be completed in 2021. Conclusions This study will offer insight into the implementation of digital health technologies within a health care trust and aims to describe the effectiveness of wearable sensors for ambulatory continuous monitoring and digital alerts on clinical outcomes in acute general ward settings. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04638738; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04638738. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/26240
38
Van Velthoven, Michelle Helena, Felicia Adjei, Dimitris Vavoulis, Glenn Wells, David Brindley, and Attila Kardos. "ChroniSense National Early Warning Score Study (CHESS): a wearable wrist device to measure vital signs in hospitalised patients—protocol and study design." BMJ Open 9, no. 9 (September 2019): e028219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028219.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionThe National Early Warning Score is used as standard clinical practice in the UK as a track and trigger system to monitor hospitalised patients. Currently, nurses are tasked to take routine vital signs measurements and manually record these on a clinical chart. Wearable devices could provide an easier, reliable, more convenient and cost-effective method of monitoring. Our aim is to evaluate the clinical validity of Polso (ChroniSense Medical, Yokneam Illit, Israel), a wrist-based device, to provide National Early Warning Scores.Methods and analysisWe will compare Polso National Early Warning Score measurements to the currently used manual measurements in a UK Teaching District General Hospital. Patients aged 18 years or above who require recordings of observations of vital signs at least every 6 hours will be enrolled after consenting. The sample size for the study was calculated to be 300 participants based on the assumption that the final dataset will include four pairs of measurements per-patient and per-vital sign, resulting in a total of 1200 pairs of data points per vital sign. The primary outcome is the agreement on the individual parameter scores and values of the National Early Warning Score: (1) respiratory rate, (2) oxygen saturation, (3) body temperature, (4) systolic blood pressure and (5) heart rate. Secondary outcomes are the agreement on the aggregate National Early Warning Score. The incidence of adverse events will be recorded. The measurements by the device will not be used for the clinical decision-making in this study.Ethics and disseminationWe obtained ethical approval, reference number 18/LO/0123 from London—Hampstead Research Ethics Committee, through the Integrated Research Application System, (reference number: 235 034. The study received no objection from the Medicine and Health Regulatory Authority, reference number: CI/20018/005 and has National Institute for Health Research portfolio adoption status CPMS number: 32 532.Trial registration numberNCT03448861; Pre-results.
39
Basera, Tariro J., Kathrin Schmitz, Jessica Price, Merlin Willcox, Edna N. Bosire, Ademola Ajuwon, Marjorie Mbule, et al. "Community surveillance and response to maternal and child deaths in low- and middle-income countries: A scoping review." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 16, 2021): e0248143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248143.
Full textAbstract:
Background Civil registration and vital statistics (CRVS) systems do not produce comprehensive data on maternal and child deaths in most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), with most births and deaths which occur outside the formal health system going unreported. Community-based death reporting, investigation and review processes are being used in these settings to augment official registration of maternal and child deaths and to identify death-specific factors and associated barriers to maternal and childcare. This study aims to review how community-based maternal and child death reporting, investigation and review processes are carried out in LMICs. Methods We conducted a scoping review of the literature published in English from January 2013 to November 2020, searching PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Joanna Briggs, The Cochrane Library, EBM reviews, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. We used descriptive analysis to outline the scope, design, and distribution of literature included in the study and to present the content extracted from each article. The scoping review is reported following the PRISMA reporting guideline for systematic reviews. Results Of 3162 screened articles, 43 articles that described community-based maternal and child death review processes across ten countries in Africa and Asia were included. A variety of approaches were used to report and investigate deaths in the community, including identification of deaths by community health workers (CHWs) and other community informants, reproductive age mortality surveys, verbal autopsy, and social autopsy. Community notification of deaths by CHWs complements registration of maternal and child deaths missed by routinely collected sources of information, including the CRVS systems which mostly capture deaths occurring in health facilities. However, the accuracy and completeness of data reported by CHWs are sub-optimal. Conclusions Community-based death reporting complements formal registration of maternal and child deaths in LMICs. While research shows that community-based maternal and child death reporting was feasible, the accuracy and completeness of data reported by CHWs are sub-optimal but amenable to targeted support and supervision. Studies to further improve the process of engaging communities in the review, as well as collection and investigation of deaths in LMICs, could empower communities to respond more effectively and have a greater impact on reducing maternal and child mortality.
40
Puckdeevongs, Apiruk, N. K. Tripathi, Apichon Witayangkurn, and Poompat Saengudomlert. "Classroom Attendance Systems Based on Bluetooth Low Energy Indoor Positioning Technology for Smart Campus." Information 11, no. 6 (June 19, 2020): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info11060329.
Full textAbstract:
Student attendance during classroom hours is important, because it impacts the academic performance of students. Consequently, several universities impose a minimum attendance percentage criterion for students to be allowed to attend examinations; therefore, recording student attendance is a vital task. Conventional methods for recording student attendance in the classroom, such as roll-call and sign-in, are an inefficient use of instruction time and only increase teachers’ workloads. In this study, we propose a Bluetooth Low Energy-based student positioning framework for automatically recording student attendance in classrooms. The proposed architecture consists of two components, an indoor positioning framework within the classroom and student attendance registration. Experimental studies using our method show that the Received Signal Strength Indicator fingerprinting technique that is used in indoor scenarios can achieve satisfactory positioning accuracy, even in a classroom environment with typically high signal interference. We intentionally focused on designing a basic system with simple indoor devices based on ubiquitous Bluetooth technology and integrating an attendance system with computational techniques in order to minimize operational costs and complications. The proposed system is tested and demonstrated to be usable in a real classroom environment at Rangsit University, Thailand.
41
Thomas, Lisa-Marie, Lucia D’Ambruoso, and Dina Balabanova. "Use of verbal autopsy and social autopsy in humanitarian crises." BMJ Global Health 3, no. 3 (May 2018): e000640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000640.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionTwo billion people live in countries affected by conflict, violence and fragility. These are exceptional situations in which mortality shifts dramatically and in which civil registration and vital statistics systems are often weakened or cease to function. Verbal autopsy and social autopsy (VA and SA) are methods used to assign causes of death and understand the contexts in which these occur, in settings where information is otherwise unavailable. This review sought to explore the use of VA and SA in humanitarian crises, with a focus on how these approaches are used to inform policy and programme responses.MethodsA rapid scoping review was conducted on the use of VA and SA in humanitarian crises in low and middle-income countries since 1991. Drawing on a maximum variation approach, two settings of application (‘application contexts’) were selected and investigated via nine semi-structured expert interviews.ResultsVA can determine causes of death in crisis-affected populations where no other registration system is in place. Combined with SA and active community involvement, these methods can deliver a holistic view of obstacles to seeking and receiving essential healthcare, yielding context-specific information to inform appropriate responses. The contexts in which VA and SA are used require adaptations to standard tools, and new mobile developments in VA raise specific ethical considerations. Furthermore, collecting and sythesising data in a timely, continuous manner, and ensuring coordination and communication between agencies, is important to realise the potential of these approaches.ConclusionVA and SA are valuable research methods to foster evidence-informed responses for populations affected by humanitarian crises. When coordinated and communicated effectively, data generated through these methods can help to identify levels, causes and circumstances of deaths among vulnerable groups, and can enable planning and allocating resources effectively, potentially improving health system resilience to future crises.
42
Zhang, Chengyi, and David Arditi. "Advanced Progress Control of Infrastructure Construction Projects Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning Technology." Infrastructures 5, no. 10 (October 12, 2020): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures5100083.
Full textAbstract:
Effective progress control is vital for steering infrastructure construction to completion with minimum delay. Walking through the infrastructure project site to record progress in different activities is time-consuming, requiring information extracted from construction drawings, schedules, and budgets, as well as data collected from the construction site. This process can be automated by using advanced remote sensing technologies. This study contributes to progress monitoring in large horizontal infrastructure projects. It presents a practical automated method using laser scanning technology that can track the project’s progress in a real construction environment with limited human input. It is robust and accurate and is currently operational. The system capitalizes on the success of laboratory experiments. This system deals with occlusions effectively, accelerates the registration process of multiple scans, reduces the noise in the data, recognizes the objects of irregular shape, and is economically feasible. It provides evidence that all current challenges encountered in using laser scanners in monitoring construction progress can be overcome. This method has been successfully tested in the Wacker Drive reconstruction project in Chicago, IL.
43
Rao, Chalapati. "Elements of a strategic approach for strengthening national mortality statistics programmes." BMJ Global Health 4, no. 5 (October 2019): e001810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001810.
Full textAbstract:
Information on cause-specific mortality from civil registration and vital statistics (CRVS) systems is essential for health policy and epidemiological research. Currently, there are critical gaps in the international availability of timely and reliable mortality data, which limits planned progress towards the UN Sustainable Development Goals. This article describes an evidence-based strategic approach for strengthening mortality data from CRVS systems. National mortality data availability scores from the Global Burden of Disease study were used to group countries into those with adequate, partial or negligible mortality data. These were further categorised by geographical region and population size, which showed that there were shortcomings in availability of mortality data in approximately two-thirds of all countries. Existing frameworks for evaluating design and functional status of mortality components of CRVS systems were reviewed to identify themes and topics for assessment. Detailed national programme assessments can be used to investigate systemic issues that are likely to affect death reporting, cause of death ascertainment and data management. Assessment findings can guide interventions to strengthen system performance. The strategic national approach should be customised according to data availability and population size and supported by human and institutional capacity building. Countries with larger populations should use an incremental sampling approach to strengthen CRVS systems and use interim data for mortality estimation. Periodic data quality evaluation is required to monitor system performance and scale up interventions. A comprehensive implementation and operations research programme should be concurrently launched to evaluate the feasibility, success and sustainability of system strengthening activities.
44
Olorunfemi, Jacob F., and Irewolede Fashagba. "A NOVEL METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH OF ESTIMATING URBAN POPULATION IN NIGERIA." GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY 11, no. 2 (June 28, 2018): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2018-11-2-17-28.
Full textAbstract:
The primary source of population data in Nigeria is the census despite its inconsistency. Consequently, efforts made to estimate population from such census figures and sometimes vital registration system has proved inadequate because of diverse problems. This study is aimed at developing a technique of population estimation in Nigeria using symptomatic data. The data for this study were collected through survey method, immunization and school enrolment data were collected from the Expanded Programme on Immunization and Ministry of Education, respectively. The average number of people per house or crowding index (CI) for Kabba was combined with immunization and school enrolment to establish a relationship which was subsequently used in regression analysis to estimate population. The results show that the population of Kabba and Kogi State were 70,870 and 4,230,382, respectively. The study recommended that the model can be used for population estimation in Nigeria and in places that have similar population data generation problems.
45
Sultana, Amena, and Jahida Gulshan. "Extent and Background Factors of Physical and Mental Disability in Bangladesh." Dhaka University Journal of Science 62, no. 1 (February 8, 2015): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujs.v62i1.21962.
Full textAbstract:
The extent of disability in Bangladesh in recent time has been examined and the potential background factors causing different types of disability have been identified. The data on disability in Bangladesh was taken from Sample Vital Registration System (SVRS), 2010 collected by Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. Chi-square test of association showed that type of disability varies significantly with respect to area, sex, division and religion. Age has no significant association with disability. A trichotomous logistic regression model presented the relationship between different background factors and type of disability. The model shows that the disability rate is higher among urban people as compared to rural people. The disability rate in Barisal, Dhaka, Khulna and Rajshahi are significantly higher than Sylhet. The male are more likely to be mentally disabled than female. Both physical and mental disability is higher among non muslims as compared to Muslims. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujs.v62i1.21962 Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 62(1): 55-58, 2014 (January)
46
Li, Yuanyuan, Changgui Kou, Wei Bai, Wanqing Hua, Weiying Yu, Yan Song, Xinyu Liu, and Wenjun Li. "Trends in Diabetes Mortality by Gender in Urban and Rural Areas in China From 2003 to 2012: An Age-Period-Cohort Analysis." Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 31, no. 3 (April 2019): 238–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1010539519841288.
Full textAbstract:
We aimed to provide updated estimates for the trends and the effects attributable to age, period, and cohort by gender in urban and rural areas in China. The data were based on the vital registration system in China from 2003 to 2012. The annual percentage change used Joinpoint Regression Analysis. Spline functions were fitted to the age-period-cohort analysis. The average age-adjusted diabetes mortality rate was higher in women than in men, and it was higher in urban than in rural residents among both genders. The trend analysis of diabetes showed a favorable pattern among urban residents in both genders. Mortality increased with age, and compared with period and cohort effects, age effects were the most important risk factor in diabetes mortality. Although the overall trends in diabetes mortality decelerated, aging and rural-urban differences could still be driving the epidemic underlining a continued need for the priorities for health care programs to focus on predictors in diabetes mortality.
47
Morgan, Liat, Boris Yakobson, and Tal Raz. "239 Stray and abandoned dog overpopulation management- Israel’s unique system." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (December 2019): 63–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.132.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Dog overpopulation is a major problem worldwide, which impacts animal welfare and health, as well as public health. In Israel, a unique governmental database is managed in order to enforce mandatory dog registration and rabies yearly vaccination policy. In addition, since 2012, a unique online searchable database has been gathering most homeless pets offered for adoption from non-profit organizations and municipal shelters (http://Yad4.co.il). Our objectives were (1) to investigate the registered dog population in Israel and to assess its association to the abandoned dog population; and (2) to reveal the risk factors for a dog to be adopted or to stay at the shelter. Data analyses included 758,288 registered dogs and 22,545 adoptable dogs. Analyses revealed that only 214,101 out of the 343,872 dogs that are registered as “active” are known to have owners. Approximately 40,000 dogs “disappear” from the database every year, which means that some of them may be abandoned. Multi-Variate Linear regression strengthened it by revealing that the number of abandoned dogs increased by the numbers of active registered dogs and dogs which had “disappeared” from the database in the previous year (P < 0.05). Among the registered dogs, 8% were younger than one year, but only 1.7% of the abandoned dogs were that young. Among these dogs, the risk factors to stay at the shelter were when the dogs were described as: “mix-breed”, “male”, “suitable for senior” or “for athletes” (P < 0.05). In conclusion, a governmental national database is an important dog population management tool, with the potential to predict the number of abandoned dogs. Since most abandoned dogs are older than one year, promoting responsible ownership would be vital. Moreover, a national online database, such as Yad4 website, may successfully improve dog adoption rate, while dogs’ description online significantly impacts the adoption chances.
48
Weenk, Mariska, Sebastian J. Bredie, Mats Koeneman, Gijs Hesselink, Harry van Goor, and Tom H. van de Belt. "Continuous Monitoring of Vital Signs in the General Ward Using Wearable Devices: Randomized Controlled Trial." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 6 (June 10, 2020): e15471. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/15471.
Full textAbstract:
Background Wearable devices can be used for continuous patient monitoring in the general ward, increasing patient safety. Little is known about the experiences and expectations of patients and health care professionals regarding continuous monitoring with these devices. Objective This study aimed to identify positive and negative effects as well as barriers and facilitators for the use of two wearable devices: ViSi Mobile (VM) and HealthPatch (HP). Methods In this randomized controlled trial, 90 patients admitted to the internal medicine and surgical wards of a university hospital in the Netherlands were randomly assigned to continuous vital sign monitoring using VM or HP and a control group. Users’ experiences and expectations were addressed using semistructured interviews. Nurses, physician assistants, and medical doctors were also interviewed. Interviews were analyzed using thematic content analysis. Psychological distress was assessed using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Pain Catastrophizing Scale. The System Usability Scale was used to assess the usability of both devices. Results A total of 60 patients, 20 nurses, 3 physician assistants, and 6 medical doctors were interviewed. We identified 47 positive and 30 negative effects and 19 facilitators and 36 barriers for the use of VM and HP. Frequently mentioned topics included earlier identification of clinical deterioration, increased feelings of safety, and VM lines and electrodes. No differences related to psychological distress and usability were found between randomization groups or devices. Conclusions Both devices were well received by most patients and health care professionals, and the majority of them encouraged the idea of monitoring vital signs continuously in the general ward. This comprehensive overview of barriers and facilitators of using wireless devices may serve as a guide for future researchers, developers, and health care institutions that consider implementing continuous monitoring in the ward. Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02933307; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02933307.
49
Nielsen, Pernille B., Martin Schultz, Caroline Sophie Langkjaer, Anne Marie Kodal, Niels Egholm Pedersen, John Asger Petersen, Theis Lange, et al. "Adjusting Early Warning Score by clinical assessment: a study protocol for a Danish cluster-randomised, multicentre study of an Individual Early Warning Score (I-EWS)." BMJ Open 10, no. 1 (January 2020): e033676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033676.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionTrack and trigger systems (TTSs) based on vital signs are implemented in hospitals worldwide to identify patients with clinical deterioration. TTSs may provide prognostic information but do not actively include clinical assessment, and their impact on severe adverse events remain uncertain. The demand for prospective, multicentre studies to demonstrate the effectiveness of TTSs has grown the last decade. Individual Early Warning Score (I-EWS) is a newly developed TTS with an aggregated score based on vital signs that can be adjusted according to the clinical assessment of the patient. The objective is to compare I-EWS with the existing National Early Warning Score (NEWS) algorithm regarding clinical outcomes and use of resources.Method and analysisIn a prospective, multicentre, cluster-randomised, crossover, non-inferiority study. Eight hospitals are randomised to use either NEWS in combination with the Capital Region of Denmark NEWS Override System (CROS) or implement I-EWS for 6.5 months, followed by a crossover. Based on their clinical assessment, the nursing staff can adjust the aggregated score with a maximum of −4 or +6 points. We expect to include 150 000 unique patients. The primary endpoint is all-cause mortality at 30 days. Coprimary endpoint is the average number of times per day a patient is NEWS/I-EWS-scored, and secondary outcomes are all-cause mortality at 48 hours and at 7 days as well as length of stay.Ethics and disseminationThe study was presented for the Regional Ethics committee who decided that no formal approval was needed according to Danish law (J.no. 1701733). The I-EWS study is a large prospective, randomised multicentre study that investigates the effect of integrating a clinical assessment performed by the nursing staff in a TTS, in a head-to-head comparison with the internationally used NEWS with the opportunity to use CROS.Trial registration numberNCT03690128.
50
Kim, Myoung Hwa, Young Chul Yoo, Sun Joon Bai, Kang-Young Lee, Nayeon Kim, and Ki Young Lee. "Physiologic and hemodynamic changes in patients undergoing open abdominal cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy." Journal of International Medical Research 49, no. 1 (January 2021): 030006052098326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060520983263.
Full textAbstract:
Objective We aimed to determine the physiological and hemodynamic changes in patients who were undergoing hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) cytoreductive surgeries. Methods This prospective, observational study enrolled 21 patients who were undergoing elective cytoreductive surgery with HIPEC at our hospital over 2 years. We collected vital signs, hemodynamic parameters including global end-diastolic volume index (GEVI) and extravascular lung water index (ELWI) using the VolumeView™ system, and arterial blood gas analysis from all patients. Data were recorded before skin incision (T1); 30 minutes before HIPEC initiation (T2); 30 (T3), 60 (T4), and 90 (T5) minutes after HIPEC initiation; 30 minutes after HIPEC completion (T6); and 10 minutes before surgery completion (T7). Results Patients showed an increase in body temperature and cardiac index and a decrease in the systemic vascular resistance index. GEDI was 715.4 (T1) to 809.7 (T6), and ELWI was 6.9 (T1) to 7.3 (T5). Conclusions HIPEC increased patients’ body temperature and cardiac output and decreased systemic vascular resistance. Although parameters that were extracted from the VolumeView™ system were within their normal ranges, transpulmonary thermodilution approach is helpful in intraoperative hemodynamic management during open abdominal cytoreductive surgery with HIPEC. Trial registry name: ClinicalTrials.gov Trial registration number: NCT02325648 URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=NCT02325648&term