Relevant bibliographies by topics / Vitamin A deficiency in children. Vitamin A in the body. Children

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Academic literature on the topic 'Vitamin A deficiency in children. Vitamin A in the body. Children'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Vitamin A deficiency in children. Vitamin A in the body. Children"

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Zakharova, I. N., I. I. Pshenichnikova, E. B. Mumladze, and V. I. Svintsitskaya. "Should we give vitamins to children?" Medical Council 1, no. 1 (December 30, 2016): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2016-1-22-29.

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Adequate supply of micronutrients including vitamins is essential for the normal functioning of child's body. Currently, about 2 billion people worldwide suffer from vitamin deficiencies. The most vulnerable population groups are pregnant women, children and adolescents. Vitamin deficiency which developed in childhood has adverse long-term outcomes throughout the whole life. One of the priority areas of the public policy of the Government of the Russian Federation in the field of healthy nutrition is to improve vitamin sufficiency in children and adults. This article describes biological effects of the essential vitamins and outcomes of deficiencies; the need for the management of vitamin deficiency is substantiated.
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Starostina, L. S. "Vitamin and mineral supply in children: a pediatrician’s view." Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health 3, no. 4 (2020): 319–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2020-3-4-319-325.

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The important role of vitamins for bodily functions was described for the first time by Russian pediatrician N.I. Lunin as early as in 1880. Since then, doctors, biologists, researchers, and other experts have focused on the effects of vitamins on human body and their role in various processes. In 2017, the Union of Pediatricians of Russia has developed “National program of the optimization of vitamin and mineral supply of Russian children” based on the monitoring of child nutrition. Treatment of multivitamin deficiency involves additional intake of missing substances as well as the improvement of their absorption and their synthesis in human body. The vast majority of vitamin and mineral supplements contain daily-recommended amounts of essential vitamins and microelements. However, not all substances are completely absorbed since patients with multivitamin deficiency often have gut microbiome abnormalities resulting in poor availability of supplemented vitamins and minerals. This paper discusses the rationale of additional vitamins, their role in bodily functions, and signs of vitamin deficiency. KEYWORDS: children, prevention, vitamins, microelements, macroelements, micronutrients, harmonious development, immunity, microbiota, Bifidobacterium. FOR CITATION: Starostina L.S. Vitamin and mineral supply in children: a pediatrician’s view. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2020;3(4):319–324. DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2020-3-4-319-325.
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Mochulska, O. M., O. R. Boyarchuk, M. I. Kinash, T. O. Vorontsova, and L. A. Volianska. "The effects of vitamins A, E, D, disorders of their metabolism and the assessment of level of vitamin security in children (literature review)." Modern pediatrics. Ukraine, no. 2(114) (March 27, 2021): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/sp.2021.114.58.

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Vitamins are a group of biologically highly active, low molecular weight organic compounds of various chemical nature, which are practically not synthesized in the human body or are synthesized in insufficient quantities, mainly income with food, and are vital to ensure for the flow and regulation of metabolic processes in the body. Vitamins are micronutrients that are among the essential (essential) factors of nutrition, their content in food is small, usually in the range from 10 to 100 mg/100 g. Vitamins have an exceptional property — the ability to high biological activity in small doses, without being a source of energy or plastic material, act as biological catalysts for vital body functions. According to physicochemical properties and solubility, vitamins A, E, D belong to fat-soluble, are characterized by thermal stability, resistant to cysts and alkalis, their main characteristic is the ability to promote the assimilation of mаcro- and microelements. Vitamins A, E, D are needed at all stages of growth and development of the child's body, the processes of adaptation. The main types of vitamins metabolism disorders are vitamin deficiency, hypo-, hyper- and dysvitaminosis, polyvitaminosis. It is important to constantly monitor the sufficient content of each vitamins in the daily diet of children. The following methods of assessing vitamin supply are known: clinical, biochemical, calculation of vitamin content. Purpose — to increase knowledgment about the effects of vitamins A, E, D, their importance in metabolism, to analyze the main types of their metabolism disorders, to present possible methods for assessing the supply of vitamins in children. Conclusions. The child's body needs a constant supply of vitamins to maintain their amount at the required level. All vital processes take place in the body during the direct participation of vitamins. Future research in the field of the vitamins A, E, D effects will contribute to a better understanding of their role in ensuring the optimal functioning in a human body. Screening and elimination of vitamin A, E, D deficiency in children can not only improve health, but also help increase the life quality. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: vitamins A, E, D, vitamin deficiency, hypovitaminosis, hypervitaminosis, dysvitaminosis, polyvitaminosis, children.
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Zakharova, I. N., and M. P. Aisanova. "Essential vitamins deficiency in children under one year." Medical Council, no. 11 (July 18, 2019): 180–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2019-11-180-187.

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The article provides information on the main groups of vitamins and their effects on the child’s body. The negative effect of the macroand micro-elements deficit on the human body, both of the adults and children, has been proved convincingly. The essential triad of vitamins (A, C, D,) is the most significant vitamins for children under one year. This combination of vitamins ensures the safety of the combination and the possibility of mutual supplement of ingredients for effective formation of infant immunity, neuropsychic development, harmonious physical development and prevention of rickets. The vast majority of children under one year have an essential vitamins A, C, D deficiency, regardless of the nature of feeding. The Russian studies showed that only 45.6% of children have an adequate vitamin D level. It is also proven that children with atopic dermatitis have low vitamins A, C, and E levels.
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Esmaeili dooki, M. R., L. Moslemi, A. A. Moghadamnia, M. Alijanpour Aghamaleki, A. Bijani, M. Pornasrollah, and H. Ashrafianamiri. "Vitamin D status in preschool children: should vitamin D supplementation, preventing vitamin D deficiency be continued in children over 2 years?" Journal of Public Health 41, no. 3 (August 22, 2018): 575–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdy147.

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Abstract Background The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among preschool children in rural and urban areas of Northern Iran and need for continuing vitamin D supplementation after 2 years of age. Method A sample of 406 children aged 30–72 months was selected from health centres. Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), demographic data, anthropometric characteristics and total body surface area, were evaluated. Results Subnormal vitamin D levels were found in 68.94% (269) of children. In multiple logistic regression models, season (P = 0.001) and residency (P = 0.006) were significantly correlated with vitamin D deficiency. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that age (β = −0.18, P < 0.001), body mass index (β = −1.1, P < 0.001) and sun exposure (β = 0.4, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with 25OHD level. Conclusion Owing to the high prevalence of subnormal vitamin D levels in preschool children, it is recommended that vitamin D deficiency prevention programs are continued in this age group.
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Marushko, Yu V., and T. V. Hyshchak. "Prevention of vitamin D deficiency in children. The state of the problem in the world and in Ukraine." Modern pediatrics. Ukraine, no. 4(116) (May 26, 2021): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/sp.2021.116.36.

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The article presents current data on the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and criteria for its deficiency in children in different countries. Vitamin D is recognized as one of the most important vitamins involved in many biochemical processes in the body. Its active metabolites play a key role in calcium absorption, bone mineralization and promote phosphate and magnesium metabolism. At the same time, in addition to affecting mineral metabolism, there is a wide range of conditions in which vitamin D also plays a preventive role. Vitamin D has been shown to play a vital role in innate immunity maintenance and is important in prevention of several diseases, including infections, autoimmune diseases, certain forms of cancer, type 1 and 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Vitamin D is of particular importance for newborns and young children. This vitamin is involved in important physiological regulatory processes such as bone metabolism, lung development, maturation of the immune system and differentiation of the nervous system. Vitamin D deficiency increases risks of neonatal sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, respiratory distress syndrome, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Adequate intake of vitamin D and calcium during childhood can reduce the risk of osteoporosis and other diseases associated with vitamin D deficiency in adults. Recently, vitamin D deficiency has shown to be a potential risk factor for COVID-19 propensity. It has been established that to date most scientific pediatric societies have recognized the need to prevent vitamin D deficiency in healthy children of all ages, but data on the dosage of vitamin D in its prophylactic use differ. Most scientific societies recommend an average of 400–600 IU per day of vitamin D for prophylactic purposes. The analysis of published data shows the need to follow a strategy based on an individual approach, taking into account physiological characteristics, individual requirements and lifestyle. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: vitamin D, children, deficiency, prevention.
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Lipińska-Opałka, Agnieszka, Agata Tomaszewska, Jacek Z. Kubiak, and Bolesław Kalicki. "Vitamin D and Immunological Patterns of Allergic Diseases in Children." Nutrients 13, no. 1 (January 8, 2021): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13010177.

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Vitamin D, in addition to its superior role as a factor regulating calcium-phosphate metabolism, shows wide effects in other processes in the human body, including key functions of the immune system. This is due to the presence of vitamin D receptors in most cells of the human body. In our study, we aimed to assess whether there is a correlation between vitamin D content and the clinical course of allergic diseases as well as establish their immunological parameters in children. We found that vitamin D deficiency was significantly more frequent in the group of children with an allergic disease than in the control group (p = 0.007). Statistically significant higher vitamin D concentrations in blood were observed in the group of children with a mild course of the disease compared to children with a severe clinical course (p = 0.03). In the group of children with vitamin D deficiency, statistically significant lower percentages of NKT lymphocytes and T-regulatory lymphocytes were detected compared to the group of children without deficiency (respectively, p = 0.02 and p = 0.05), which highlights a potential weakness of the immune system in these patients. Furthermore, statistically higher levels of interleukin-22 were observed in the group of children with vitamin D deficiency (p = 0.01), suggesting a proinflammatory alert state. In conclusion, these results confirm the positive relationship between the optimal content of vitamin D and the lesser severity of allergic diseases in children, establishing weak points in the immune system caused by vitamin D deficiency in children.
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Lipińska-Opałka, Agnieszka, Agata Tomaszewska, Jacek Z. Kubiak, and Bolesław Kalicki. "Vitamin D and Immunological Patterns of Allergic Diseases in Children." Nutrients 13, no. 1 (January 8, 2021): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13010177.

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Vitamin D, in addition to its superior role as a factor regulating calcium-phosphate metabolism, shows wide effects in other processes in the human body, including key functions of the immune system. This is due to the presence of vitamin D receptors in most cells of the human body. In our study, we aimed to assess whether there is a correlation between vitamin D content and the clinical course of allergic diseases as well as establish their immunological parameters in children. We found that vitamin D deficiency was significantly more frequent in the group of children with an allergic disease than in the control group (p = 0.007). Statistically significant higher vitamin D concentrations in blood were observed in the group of children with a mild course of the disease compared to children with a severe clinical course (p = 0.03). In the group of children with vitamin D deficiency, statistically significant lower percentages of NKT lymphocytes and T-regulatory lymphocytes were detected compared to the group of children without deficiency (respectively, p = 0.02 and p = 0.05), which highlights a potential weakness of the immune system in these patients. Furthermore, statistically higher levels of interleukin-22 were observed in the group of children with vitamin D deficiency (p = 0.01), suggesting a proinflammatory alert state. In conclusion, these results confirm the positive relationship between the optimal content of vitamin D and the lesser severity of allergic diseases in children, establishing weak points in the immune system caused by vitamin D deficiency in children.
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Ulgen Temel, Esra, Kenan Kocabay, and Aybars Ozkan. "Investigation of Vitamin D Deficiency in Pre-School Children During Summer Season." Eurasian Journal of Family Medicine 10, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33880/ejfm.2021100104.

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Aim: Vitamin D deficiency is an important public health problem, especially affecting children. The aim of our study is to evaluate the serum 25 (OH) vitamin D levels of children during the summer and to determine some features such as exposure to the sun, oral vitamin D supplementation, and to examine the parameters that affect serum vitamin D levels. Methods: In our study, children aged between 12 and 83 months were included. A questionnaire was answered by families. In this cross-sectional study, serum 25 (OH) vitamin D levels of children and biochemical parameters were examined. Results: The mean serum 25 (OH) vitamin D level was 27.0±12.4 ng/ml. Vitamin D deficiency was found 17%, and vitamin D insufficiency was 6%. The children that taking daycare indoors and body mass index <5th percentile had lower serum 25 (OH) vitamin D levels. Children between the ages of 12- 36 months and children with chronic diseases were found to have a shorter time to benefit from sunlight. Conclusion: The rate of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency (<20 ng/ml) in children were found at 23% in summer season. Families and caregivers should be informed about vitamin D and should be aware of safe sun exposure. Keywords: Vitamin D, sunlight, summer, children, vitamin D deficiency
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Shulhai, A.-M. A., and H. A. Pavlyshyn. "PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS FOR VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY IN OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE ADOLESCENTS IN UKRAINE." International Journal of Medicine and Medical Research 4, no. 2 (March 1, 2019): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.11603/ijmmr.2413-6077.2018.2.9694.

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Background. Vitamin D affects the function of many organs and systems. Lipid metabolism disorder is established to be one of the risk factors for vitamin D deficiency, and the amount of adipose tissue is crucial. Objective. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in overweight and obese adolescents. Methods. 146 children with excessive weight and obesity as well as 63 healthy children with normal body weight were examined. In the study groups, there were no children taking vitamin D. Vitamin D status was evaluated by the level of 25(OH)D in blood serum. Vitamin D deficiency was diagnosed at the level of 25(OH)D between 20 and 29 ng/ml, and significant deficiency – below 20 ng/ml, normal calcidiol content was 30-100 ng/ml. Results. The average level of 25(OH)D in the adolescents with normal body weight was 19.76±4.28 ng/ml, in the adolescents with excessive body weight – 15.24±3.47 ng/ml, and in the obese children – 13.87±2.71 ng/ml. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the overweight adolescents was 70.62%, and in the adolescents with obesity – 77.19%. Conclusions. Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in the adolescents with overweight and obesity. To prevent the development of hypovitaminosis and vitamin D deficiency, it is necessary to carry out educational activities with adolescents for promotion of healthy lifestyle and healthy food, as well as to develop an optimal program for improving vitamin D status in the obese children.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Vitamin A deficiency in children. Vitamin A in the body. Children"

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El, Fakhri Nagla. "Effect of vitamin D supplementation on bone status, glucose homeostasis and immune function in children with vitamin D deficiency." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2016. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7555/.

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Background: Between 1961-1971 vitamin D deficiency was recognized as a public health issue in the UK, because of the lack of effective sunlight and the population mix [1, 2]. In recent years, health care professionals have cited evidence suggesting a re-emergence of the vitamin D deficiency linked to a number of health consequences as a concern [3-6]. Evidence from observational studies has linked low vitamin D status with impairment in glucose homeostasis and immune dysfunction [7-9]. However, interventional studies, particularly those focused on paediatric populations, have been limited and inconsistent. There is a need for detailed studies, to clarify the therapeutic benefits of vitamin D in these important clinical areas. Objective: The aims of this PhD thesis were two-fold. Firstly, to perform preliminary work assessing the association between vitamin D deficiency and bone status, glucose homeostasis and immune function, and to explore any changes in these parameters following short term vitamin D3 replacement therapy. Secondly, to assess the effectiveness of an electronic surveillance system (ScotPSU) as a tool to determine the current incidence of hospital-based presentation of childhood vitamin D deficiency in Scotland. Methods: Active surveillance was performed for a period of two years as a part of an electronic web-based surveillance programme performed by the Scottish Paediatric Surveillance Unit (ScotPSU). The validity of the system was assessed by identifying cases with profound vitamin D deficiency (in Glasgow and Edinburgh) from the regional laboratory. All clinical details were checked against those identified using the surveillance system. Thirty-seven children aged 3 months to 10 years, who had been diagnosed with vitamin D deficiency, were recruited for the bone, glucose and immunity studies over a period of 24 months. Twenty-five samples were analysed for the glucose and bone studies; of these, 18 samples were further analysed for immune study. Treatment consisted of six weeks taking 5000 IU units cholecalciferol orally once a day. At baseline and after completion of treatment, 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), parathyroid hormone (PTH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), collagen type 1 cross-linked C-telopeptide (CTX), osteocalcin (OCN), calcium, phosphate, insulin, glucose, homeostasis model assessment index, estimated insulin resistance (HOMA IR), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), lipids profiles, T helper 1 (Th1) cytokines (interleukin-2 ( IL-2), tumor necrosis factors-alpha (TNF-α), interferon-gamma (INF-γ)), T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines (interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-5 (IL-5), interleukin-6 (IL-6)), T helper 17 (Th17) cytokine (interleukin-17 (IL-17)), Regulatory T (Treg) cytokine (interleukin-10 (IL-10)) and chemokines/cytokines, linked with Th1/Th2 subset balance and/or differentiation (interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-12 (IL-12), eosinophil chemotactic protein ( EOTAXIN), macrophage inflammatory proteins-1beta (MIP-1β), interferon-gamma-induced protein-10 (IP-10), regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)) were measured. Leukoocyte subset analysis was performed for T cells, B cells and T regulatory cells and a luminex assay was used to measure the cytokiens. Results: Between September 2009 and August 2011, 163 cases of vitamin D deficiency were brought to the attention of the ScotPSU, and the majority of cases (n = 82) were reported in Glasgow. The cross-validation checking in Glasgow and Edinburgh over a one-year period revealed only 3 (11%) cases of clearly symptomatic vitamin D deficiency, which had been missed by the ScotPSU survey in Glasgow. While 16 (67%) symptomatic cases had failed to be reported through the ScotPSU survey in Edinburgh. For the 23 children who are included in bone and glucose studies, 22 (96%) children had basal serum 25(OH)D in the deficiency range (< 50 nmol/l) and one (4%) child had serum 25(OH)D in the insufficiency range (51-75 nmol/l). Following vitamin D3 treatment, 2 (9%) children had final serum 25(OH)D lower than 50 nmol/l, 6 (26%) children had final serum 25(OH)D between >50-75 nmol/l, 12 (52%) children reached a final serum 25(OH)D >75-150 nmol/l and finally 3 (13%) exceeded the normal reference range with a final 25(OH)D >150 nmol/l. Markers for remodelling ALP and PTH had significantly decreased (p = 0.001 and <0.0001 for ALP and PTH respectively). In 17 patients for whom insulin and HOMA IR data were available and enrolled in glucose study, significant improvements in insulin resistance (p = 0.04) with a trend toward a reduction in serum insulin (p = 0.05) was observed. Of those 14 children who had their cytokines profile data analysed and enrolled in the immunity study, insulin and HOMA IR data were missed in one child. A significant increase in the main Th2 secreted cytokine IL-4 (p = 0.001) and a tendency for significant increases in other Th2 secreted cytokines IL-5 (p = 0.05) and IL-6 (p = 0.05) was observed following vitamin D3 supplementation. Conclusion: An electronic surveillance system can provide data for studying the epidemiology of vitamin D deficiency. However, it may underestimate the number of positive cases. Improving vitamin D status in vitamin D deficient otherwise healthy children significantly improved their vitamin D deficient status, and was associated with an improvement in bone profile, improvements in insulin resistance and an alteration in main Th2 secreting cytokines.
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Verma, Nitin. "A Pilot Survey to Assess the Vitamin A Status of Children Aged 6-72 months in the Ramu Region of Papua New Guinea." University of Sydney. NT Clinical School, Flinders University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/355.

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Papua New Guinea has been classified by the World Health Organisation as an area where clinical vitamin A deficiency (VAD) exists. This is at variance with the experience of the local physicians who do not encounter classical VAD in clinical practice. This pilot study was carried out to resolve this contradiction, since many suggestions have been made to fortify foods with Vitamin A. If done in the absence of concrete data to back up this classification, it could take the focus away from the real problem as well as potentially create problems of Vitamin A toxicity. Therefore, answers from this study could have far reaching implications in a country such as PNG, which has high childhood mortality and limited financial and manpower resources. The objective of this study was to determine the vitamin A status and identify risk factors of VAD in children aged 6 months to 6 years in a rural area of Papua New Guinea. The survey was carried out in the Ramu region of Madang province. Households and children were randomly selected and standard questionnaires were used to collect information about diet, previous illnesses and night blindness. The weight and height of all children was recorded and an ocular and physical examination carried out by trained personnel. In addition, haemoglobin estimation and examination of blood films for malaria parasites was carried out in all the children. In a randomly selected number of children, estimations of serum retinol and other micronutrient levels were carried out. Results: A total of 609 children were enrolled in the study. Biochemical parameters were studied in 106 of them .The mean age of the children was 35 months. Possible night blindness was reported in 4 children. No xerophthalmia was seen. The prevalence of serum retinol levels ( 0.7 (mol/L (WHO suggested cut off values for subclinical VAD) was 10.3%. Anthropometric indicators indicated a high proportion of the children had stunting and wasting or both. Analysis of dietary patterns, maternal literacy, food availability and other surrogate indicators indicated that the population is at mild-moderate risk of developing VAD. In conclusion, no evidence of clinical vitamin A deficiency was found. Subclinical vitamin A deficiency seemed to occur in this population at a level of mild-moderate public health importance. Further studies need to be carried out to assess the situation in different areas in PNG before policy decisions can be made with regards to mass vitamin A supplementation.
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Payne, Leslie G. "Vitamin A supplementation reduces reinfection with Ascaris in indigenous Panamanian preschool children." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=98764.

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Vitamin A deficiency and intestinal parasitism coexist in developing countries. This study evaluated whether a national program of vitamin A supplementation (200,000IU retinyl palmitate every 6 months), if combined with deworming (400mg albendazole), slows reinfection with Ascaris . A baseline survey of 595 indigenous preschool children in the Bocas del Toro region of Panama showed high rates of stunting (61%) and nematode infection (Ascaris 79.5%, Trichuris 19%). All children were dewormed and 328 were included in the 5 month follow-up study. Of these, 106 children received vitamin A supplementation through the Ministry of Health (Vit A S+) and 222 children received no supplementation (Vit A S-). At 3 months post deworming, both the prevalence (P= 0.0004) and intensity (P= 0.0124) of Ascaris infection were higher in Vit A S- children than in Vit A S+ children, indicating that reinfection occurred more slowly in supplemented children. When the two supplement groups were further sub-divided by stature, Vit A S+ resulted in lower reinfection rates (P=0.0002) only in normal height children, and not in stunted children. Despite the tendency of public health policy to target malnourished children our study provides evidence of increased benefit of vitamin A supplementation in normal height children living in areas with chronic parasitosis.
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McNally, James Dayre. "The Role of Daily High Dose Vitamin D In the Prevention of Post-Operative Vitamin D Deficiency In Children with Congenital Heart Disease." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/33171.

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Background: With usual supplementation practices, most children are Vitamin D Deficient (VDD) following Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) surgery and alternative regimens need consideration. Methods/Results: i) A systematic review identified 88 pediatric trials of high dose vitamin D. Studies evaluating the Institute of Medicine (IOM) Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) did not rapidly normalize levels, while loading therapy (≥ 40000 IU) did so within 3 days. Hypercalcemia occurred more often with doses above 400000 IU. ii) A double blind RCT was designed to determine whether pre-operative administration of the IOM UL can prevent post-operative VDD. Results after the first 30 participants completed study procedures demonstrated it was possible to recruit (1.8 patients per month) and complete study procedures (i.e. blood collection). Unfortunately few participants (45%) received more than 30 doses of study drug. Conclusion: Prevention of post-operative VDD in the majority of CHD patients will require alternatives to the IOM recommendations.
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Alaofe, Halimatou, Jennifer Burney, Rosamond Naylor, and Douglas Taren. "Prevalence of anaemia, deficiencies of iron and vitamin A and their determinants in rural women and young children: a cross-sectional study in Kalale district of northern Benin." CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624076.

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Objective: To identify the magnitude of anaemia and deficiencies of Fe (ID) and vitamin A (VAD) and their associated factors among rural women and children. Design: Cross-sectional, comprising a household, health and nutrition survey and determination of Hb, biochemical (serum concentrations of ferritin, retinol, C-reactive protein and alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein) and anthropometric parameters. Multivariate logistic regression examined associations of various factors with anaemia and micronutrient deficiencies. Setting: Kalale district, northern Benin. Subjects: Mother-child pairs (n 767): non-pregnant women of reproductive age (15-49 years) and children 6-59 months old. Results: In women, the overall prevalence of anaemia, ID, Fe-deficiency anaemia (IDA) and VAD was 47.7, 18.3, 11.3 and 17.7%, respectively. A similar pattern for anaemia (82.4 %), ID (23.6%) and IDA (21.2%) was observed among children, while VAD was greater at 33. 6%. Greater risk of anaemia, ID and VAD was found for low maternal education, maternal farming activity, maternal health status, low food diversity, lack of fruits and vegetables consumption, low protein foods consumption, high infection, anthropometric deficits, large family size, poor sanitary conditions and low socio-economic status. Strong differences were also observed by ethnicity, women's group participation and source of information. Finally, age had a significant effect in children, with those aged 6-23 months having the highest risk for anaemia and those aged 12-23 months at risk for ID and IDA. Conclusions: Anaemia, ID and VAD were high among rural women and their children in northern Benin, although ID accounted for a small proportion of anaemia. Multicentre studies in various parts of the country are needed to substantiate the present results, so that appropriate and beneficial strategies for micronutrient supplementation and interventions to improve food diversity and quality can be planned.
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Mwanri, Lillian. "Impact of vitamin A and iron on anaemia and cognitive functioning of anaemic school children in Tanzania." Title page, table of contents and summary only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm994.pdf.

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Parker, Megan Elizabeth. "Vitamin A intake and antiviral properties of dietary traditional medicines among Kenyan Maasai children." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81425.

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The Maasai of East Africa traditionally consume a diet of milk, meat, and blood. Previous studies have found the Maasai to suffer from vitamin A deficiency (VAD). This micronutrient deficiency compromises systemic immunity and increases morbidity and mortality. A semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to investigate the vitamin A intake of small Maasai children in Loita, Kenya. On average, children consumed 596mug/dayRAE from retinoid sources and 956mug/dayRAE when coupled with beta-carotene sources. The measles virus (MV) has yet to be eradicated from East Africa and remains a threat to young children. The Maasai have developed methods to deal with this disease and improve systemic immunity by introducing medicinal plants into the diet. Plant species added to the milk and soups of small children were determined using the FFQ. Antiviral properties of the seven most common dietary plants were then investigated, measuring MV neutralization and MV production, and compared to 7 arbitrarily selected non-medicinal plants. Significant differences (X2 p < 0.05) were found between the antiviral actions of medicinal and non-medicinal species.
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Kassaye, Tarik. "Association between vitamin A status and lung function in children aged 6-9 years in northern Ethiopia." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36964.

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The overall aim of the research described in this thesis was to evaluate the effect of vitamin A supplementation on respiratory health, assessed by lung function in children aged 6--9 years. It comprises three studies.
The first study determined the magnitude of vitamin A deficiency in the target population in Wukro wereda, Northern Ethiopia. Of the 1339 eligible children identified by house to house surveys, 824 had complete data for vitamin A indicators and anthropometry. Xerophthalmia was detected in 5.8% of the children, 8.4% had serum retinol levels <0.35 mumol/L and 51.1% between 0.35--0.70 mumol/L. Liver vitamin A reserve was also found to be low in 41.0% of the children using the Modified Relative Dose Response (MRDR) and in about 85% of the children, the daily vitamin A intake was below the FAO/WHO basal requirement (<250 RE/day).
The second study found that in comparison with children with adequate vitamin A reserve (MRDR < 0.06), those with low reserve (MRDR ≥ 0.06) had forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) 48.8 ml (p = 0.006) lower when unadjusted, 23.1 ml (p = 0.04) when partially adjusted for age, gender and height and 14.1 ml (p = 0.20) when fully adjusted for demographic, general health, lung function and household related characteristics.
The third study describes the results of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the impact of vitamin A supplementation on respiratory health as assessed by change in FEV1 at 4 months. The average change was 53.3 ml (n = 496) and 53.8 ml (n = 501) in the vitamin A and placebo groups respectively. After adjusting for baseline covariates, the difference between them was -3.6 ml (95%CI: -21.6, 14.4). In sub-analysis of the data, gender and vitamin A status subcategories were found to be effect modifiers.
In conclusion, high dose vitamin A supplementation did not show an effect on change in FEV1 at 4 months in children aged 6--9 years with high prevalence of vitamin A deficiency. Sub-analysis findings suggest that the benefits to vitamin A intervention in the study setting can probably be achieved if the other nutritional deficiencies such as zinc are addressed. Moreover, the results also suggest that the effects of vitamin A supplementation on respiratory health status are complex and these need to be taken into account in future studies to assess the clinical and public health implications of vitamin A supplementation in this age group.
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White, Samantha. "The relationship of bone health to vitamin D status and body composition in pre-adolescent children (Pretoria, South Africa)." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65955.

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Introduction: Bone health development and maintenance is important in children to reduce the risk for osteoporosis later in life. Knowledge on the vitamin D and bone health status of preadolescent children in South Africa is limited. Vitamin D and body composition both play important roles in bone health, but the relationship between adiposity and bone mass in children has been debated. The objective of this study was firstly, to describe the bone health status, body composition and vitamin D status of preadolescent children in Pretoria, South Africa. Secondly, the study examined bone health in relation to body composition and vitamin D status. Methods: A cross-sectional study, using conveniently sampled preadolescent black children aged 5-10, was conducted. Body weight was measured with the Seca medical body composition analyser and height using the Seca 274 stadiometer. Dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used for bone health (bone mineral content (BMC), areal bone mineral density (BMD) and bone area at the total body less the head (TBLH) and lumbar spine (LS) sites) and body composition (body fat percentage, fat mass and lean mass) assessments (n = 84). Vitamin D status (25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3) was determined from blood spot analysis (n = 59). To compare bone health means between vitamin D status groups, children were grouped as sufficient (25(OH)D ? 30 ng/ml), insufficient (25(OH)D = 21-29 ng/ml) or deficient (25(OH)D ? 20 ng/ml) accordingly. To compare bone health means between body composition groups, children were grouped as normal (BMIfor- age Z-score ? 1) or over-nourished (BMI-for-age Z-score > 1). Simple linear regression models were used in defining the relationship between bone health parameters and body composition components. Adjustments of bone health parameters for height-for-age, gender, age and body composition components was done using multiple linear regression. Comparison between adjusted bone health parameters of normal and over-nourished were made using the student’s two sample t-test. Results: The 59 children in the vitamin D study groups had a 24% prevalence of low BMD for chronological age and 7% presented with a low BMC for chronological age. A peculiar finding was that LS-BMAD differed significantly between the vitamin D insufficient and deficient groups. There was no relationship between any bone health parameters at all sites measured and serum levels of 25(OH)D (p > 0.05). Fat mass (FM) and body fat percentage least explained the observed variation in bone health parameters, whereas lean mass (LM) was the most important body composition component in explaining the variations observed in bone health parameters. The relationship between LS bone health parameters and body composition components was weaker than the relationship between TBLH bone health parameters and body composition components. Summary and / or Conclusion: In this population, 66% of preadolescents were vitamin D insufficient or deficient, but with a healthy bone health status and 40% of the preadolescents were over-nourished with greater crude BMD than those with healthy BMI Z-scores. Vitamin D status does not appear to be associated with parameters of bone health. Lean mass was the greatest body compositional determinant for variations observed in bone health parameters. Bone health parameters of healthy and over-nourished children did not differ after adjusting for body composition.
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Food Science
MSc
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Silva, Alliny Beletini da. "PREVALÊNCIA DE DEFICIÊNCIA DE VITAMINA D E ANÁLISE DOS FATORES ASSOCIADOS EM CRIANÇAS SAUDÁVEIS DO AMBULATÓRIO DE PEDIATRIA DO HUSM." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2016. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5867.

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Vitamin D deficiency is one of the most commented health issues at the moment, given the number of discoveries about its function in various tissues and organs. The principal action of vitamin D is related to calcium absorption and its implication in bone homeostasis, but, besides this, it has been implicated in several other diseases. Despite this huge interest in vitamin D, there are still few studies talking about vitamin D deficiency in children in our country, and especially in our region. Knowing the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in specific place or region, it will be possible plan actions focusing prevention, early diagnosis and treatment, and thus to reduce complications and costs to public health. This study aims to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and the factors associated in healthy children of the outpatient pediatrics clinic of a university hospital in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul. This analytical cross-sectional study included 138 healthy children of the pediatrics clinic of the University Hospital of Santa Maria. The serum 25 (OH) D was performed by the Clinical Laboratory of the University Hospital. The associated factors were obtained through a questionnaire conducted by telephone. The results showed that the overall prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the population studied was 42.7%, 12.3% with deficiency and 30.4% with insufficiency in vitamin D. The highest percentage of children with adequate levels occurred among infants, followed by preschoolers, schoolers and adolescents. The majority, 65.9%, received vitamin D supplementation on average by 21.6 (± 15.6) months. The principal risk factors identified were: the age group (preschoolers, schoolers and adolescents); residence in urban areas; no supplemental of vitamin D and lack of sun exposure. We conclude that the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is high in the region studied, especially among adolescents. Besides age, no vitamin D supplementation and inadequate sunlight exposure are risk factors that increase the chance of insufficiency/deficiency in vitamin D.
A deficiência de vitamina D é um dos assuntos mais comentados da área da saúde na atualidade, face às várias descobertas sobre a sua função em diversos tecidos e órgãos. A ação mais conhecida da vitamina D é na absorção do cálcio e sua implicação na homeostase óssea, mas além disso, tem estudos comprovando a relação da vitamina D com diversas outras doenças. Apesar desse enorme interesse sobre a vitamina D, ainda existem poucos trabalhos na literatura falando sobre a deficiência de vitamina D em crianças em nosso país, e principalmente na nossa região. Conhecendo a prevalência da hipovitaminose D, em determinado local ou região, pode-se pensar em medidas de prevenção, diagnóstico precoce e tratamento, buscando assim reduzir as complicações e os custos para a saúde pública. Assim, o presente estudo tem por objetivo conhecer a prevalência de deficiência de vitamina D e os fatores associados à esta, em crianças saudáveis em seguimento em um ambulatório de pediatria de um hospital universitário, na região central do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Este estudo transversal analítico incluiu 138 crianças saudáveis em seguimento no ambulatório de pediatria do Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria. A dosagem sérica de 25(OH)D foi realizados pelo Laboratório de Análises Clínicas do HUSM, utilizando a coleta para exames de rotina já estabelecidos no ambulatório. Os fatores associados foram obtidos através de questionário realizado por telefone. Os resultados mostraram que a prevalência geral de hipovitaminose D na população estudada foi de 42,7%, sendo 12,3% das crianças deficientes e 30,4% insuficientes em vitamina D. O maior percentual de crianças com níveis adequados ocorreu entre os lactentes, seguido dos pré-escolares, escolares e adolescentes. A maioria, 65,9%, recebeu suplementação de vitamina D, em média, por 21,6 (±15,6) meses. Os fatores de risco identificados com maior significância foram: a faixa etária de pré-escolar/escolar/adolescente; residência em zona urbana; não suplementação de vitamina D e exposição solar. Conclui-se que a prevalência de hipovitaminose D é alta na região estudada, especialmente entre adolescentes. Além da faixa etária, a não suplementação de vitamina D e a exposição solar inadequada são fatores de risco, que aumentam a chance de insuficiência/deficiência em vitamina D.
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Books on the topic "Vitamin A deficiency in children. Vitamin A in the body. Children"

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P, West Keith, ed. Vitamin A deficiency: Health, survival, and vision. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.

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Herbers, Mary Ruth. Vitamin A: An urgent nutritional need for the world's children. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1985.

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Herbers, Mary Ruth. Vitamin A: An urgent nutritional need for the world's children. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1985.

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Herbers, Mary Ruth. Vitamin A: An urgent nutritional need for the world's children. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1985.

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National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau (India). Prevalence of Vitamin A deficiency among preschool children in rural areas. Hyderabad: National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, 2006.

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East, Central, and Southern African Regional Workshop on Vitamin A Interventions and Child Survival (1990 Lusaka, Zambia). East, Central, and Southern African Regional Workshop on Vitamin A Interventions and Child Survival, Lusaka, Zambia, 21-24 June 1990: Proceedings. New York: Vitamin A Technical Assistance Program, Helen Keller International, 1990.

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Demeke, Teshome. Vitamin A status of pre-school children in Ethiopia: (an estimate of national prevalence). Addis Abeba [i.e. Ababa], Ethiopia: Ethiopian Nutrition Institute, 1985.

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1942-, Sommer Alfred, and World Health Organization, eds. Vitamin A deficiency and its consequences: A field guide to detection and control. 3rd ed. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1995.

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Amouzou, Kou'santa Sabiba. Evaluation des marqueurs nutritionnels et génétiques du statut en coenzymes B (cobalamines et folates) et de l'homocystéinemie plasmatique dans une population d'Afrique de l'Ouest (Benin-Togo). Lomé: [s.n., 2003.

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Palmer, Amanda, Nita Dalmiya, and United Nations Children's Fund. (UNICEF). Vitamin A Supplementation: A Decade of Progress. United Nations Publications, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Vitamin A deficiency in children. Vitamin A in the body. Children"

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Pyrżak, B., E. Witkowska-Sędek, M. Krajewska, U. Demkow, and A. M. Kucharska. "Metabolic and Immunological Consequences of Vitamin D Deficiency in Obese Children." In Body Metabolism and Exercise, 13–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/5584_2014_81.

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DiVasta, Amy D., Kristen K. van der Veen, and Catherine M. Gordon. "Vitamin D Deficiency in Children and Its Health Consequences." In Vitamin D, 633–50. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-303-9_33.

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Chan, Yuk Fun, Kerry-Lee Milner, Chris White, and Pauline Musson. "Vitamin D Deficiency and Treatment in Children and Adults." In Advanced Practice in Endocrinology Nursing, 1037–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99817-6_54.

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Foo, Leng Huat. "Vitamin D, Exercise and Body Composition in Young Children and Adolescents." In Handbook of Growth and Growth Monitoring in Health and Disease, 2539–58. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1795-9_151.

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Foo, Leng Huat. "Vitamin D, Exercise, and Body Composition in Young Children and Adolescents." In Handbook of Anthropometry, 1337–55. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1788-1_81.

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H. Al-Shekaili, Hilal, Clara van Karnebeek, and Blair R. Leavitt. "Vitamin B6 and Related Inborn Errors of Metabolism." In B-Complex Vitamins - Sources, Intakes and Novel Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99751.

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Vitamin B6 (vitB6) is a generic term that comprises six interconvertible pyridine compounds. These vitB6 compounds (also called vitamers) are pyridoxine (PN), pyridoxamine (PM), pyridoxal (PL) and their 5′-phosphorylated forms pyridoxine 5′-phosphate (PNP), pyridoxamine 5′-phosphate (PMP) and pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP). VitB6 is an essential nutrient for all living organisms, but only microorganisms and plants can carry out de novo synthesis of this vitamin. Other organisms obtain vitB6 from dietary sources and interconvert its different forms according to their needs via a biochemical pathway known as the salvage pathway. PLP is the biologically active form of vitB6 which is important for maintaining the biochemical homeostasis of the body. In the human body, PLP serves as a cofactor for more than 140 enzymatic reactions, mainly associated with synthesis, degradation and interconversion of amino acids and neurotransmitter metabolism. PLP-dependent enzymes are also involved in various physiological processes, including biologically active amine biosynthesis, lipid metabolism, heme synthesis, nucleic acid synthesis, protein and polyamine synthesis and several other metabolic pathways. PLP is an important vitamer for normal brain function since it is required as a coenzyme for the synthesis of several neurotransmitters including D-serine, D-aspartate, L-glutamate, glycine, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), serotonin, epinephrine, norepinephrine, histamine and dopamine. Intracellular levels of PLP are tightly regulated and conditions that disrupt this homeostatic regulation can cause disease. In humans, genetic and dietary (intake of high doses of vitB6) conditions leading to increase in PLP levels is known to cause motor and sensory neuropathies. Deficiency of PLP in the cell is also implicated in several diseases, the most notable example of which are the vitB6-dependent epileptic encephalopathies. VitB6-dependent epileptic encephalopathies (B6EEs) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of rare inherited metabolic disorders. These debilitating conditions are characterized by recurrent seizures in the prenatal, neonatal, or postnatal period, which are typically resistant to conventional anticonvulsant treatment but are well-controlled by the administration of PN or PLP. In addition to seizures, children affected with B6EEs may also suffer from developmental and/or intellectual disabilities, along with structural brain abnormalities. Five main types of B6EEs are known to date, these are: PN-dependent epilepsy due to ALDH7A1 (antiquitin) deficiency (PDE-ALDH7A1) (MIM: 266100), hyperprolinemia type 2 (MIM: 239500), PLP-dependent epilepsy due to PNPO deficiency (MIM: 610090), hypophosphatasia (MIM: 241500) and PLPBP deficiency (MIM: 617290). This chapter provides a review of vitB6 and its different vitamers, their absorption and metabolic pathways in the human body, the diverse physiological roles of vitB6, PLP homeostasis and its importance for human health. Finally, the chapter reviews the inherited neurological disorders affecting PLP homeostasis with a special focus on vitB6-dependent epileptic encephalopathies (B6EEs), their different subtypes, the pathophysiological mechanism underlying each type, clinical and biochemical features and current treatment strategies.
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Durá-Travé, Teodoro, Fidel Gallinas-Victoriano, María Urretavizcaya-Martinez, Lotfi Ahmed-Mohamed, María Malumbres-Chacón, and Paula Moreno-González. "Vitamin D Deficiency in Children." In Vitamin D Deficiency. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.89208.

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PETTIFOR, JOHN M. "Vitamin D Deficiency and Nutritional Rickets in Children." In Vitamin D, 1065–83. Elsevier, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-012252687-9/50068-1.

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Pettifor, John M., Kebashni Thandrayen, and Thomas D. Thacher. "Vitamin D Deficiency and Nutritional Rickets in Children." In Vitamin D, 179–201. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-809963-6.00067-5.

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Pettifor, John M. "Vitamin D Deficiency and Nutritional Rickets in Children." In Vitamin D, 1107–28. Elsevier, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-381978-9.10060-5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Vitamin A deficiency in children. Vitamin A in the body. Children"

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Kondratyeva, Elena, Yuri Mizernitsky, Natalya Ilyenkova, Anna Bogorad, Elena Zhekaite, Svetlana Dyakova, Leonid Klimov, et al. "Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in children with asthma. Multicenter study." In ERS International Congress 2020 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2020.672.

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Tanna, N., M. Boullier, G. Oligbu, and M. Blair. "G32(P) Can smartphone apps help to address vitamin D deficiency in children?" In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the Annual Conference, 24–26 May 2017, ICC, Birmingham. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2017-313087.32.

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Gultom, Magdalena, and Ririn Arminsih Wulandari. "Relationship between Vitamin A Deficiency and Pneumonia Incidence of Children Under Five Years of Age in West Java." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.72.

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ABSTRACT Background: The leading cause of mortality in children under five years of age is acute lower respiratory tract infections, especially bronchiolitis and pneumonia. Vitamin A supplement has been studied as a potential intervention to decrease severity and prevent acute lower respiratory tract infections from subsequent episodes. This study aimed to determine the relationship between vitamin A deficiency and pneumonia incidence of children under five years of age in West Java. Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted using the secondary data from Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey, 2017 in West Java. A sample of 594 toddlers under 5 years of age was obtained for this study. The dependent variable was pneumonia. The independent variable was vitamin A intake. The data were collected using questionnaires. The data were analyzed by chi-square. Results: As many as 38.6% children under five years of age did not get vitamin A supplement. 26.8% of children suffered pneumonia. Inadequate vitamin A intake increased the risk of pneumonia in children under five years of age (OR= 1.011, 95% CI 0.690 to 1.481; p= 1.000). Conclusion: Inadequate vitamin A intake increases the risk of pneumonia in children under five years of age, but it is not statistically significant. Keywords: vitamin A deficiency, pneumonia, prevention, under five years of age, children Correspondence: Magdalena Gultom. Masters Program in Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java. Email: magdalena.gultomui@gmail.com. Mobile: +6281299714873. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.72
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Koh, Magdalena Yvonne, and Aishworiya Ramkumar. "334 Iron and vitamin D deficiency in young children with autism spectrum disorder in singapore." In RCPCH Conference Singapore. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2021-rcpch.184.

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Al Thani, Sharifa, Munass Mohammed, and Hanaa Ahmed. "Factors associated with Vitamin D Deficiency in Women: Lesson from Biobank in Qatar." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0190.

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Background: Vitamin D deficiency is affecting the health of humans around the world, and different factors associated with it were studied among different populations. Vitamin D deficiency was studied more often as a predictor to diseases. However, certain factors that could be associated with vitamin D deficiency were not explored among women, specifically in Qatar. Objective: To explore potential risk factors of vitamin D deficiency among women aged 20 to 65, using a sample of records from women volunteers to Qatar Biobank. Hypothesis: The study potential factors (age, BMI, education, income, milk consumption, occupation, pregnancy, physical activity and soft drinks) are associated with vitamin D deficiency. Methodology: We assessed some potential risk factors to vitamin D deficiency using data from Qatar Biobank (n=1000). Women aged 20-65 years old were included in the study. Univariate and multiple logistic regression models were used to model the association between our study potential factors (age, BMI, education, income, milk consumption, occupation, number of children, physical activity, and soft drinks) and being vitamin D deficient. Analysis was conducted using Stata (IC) version 15.0. Results: 654 women out of 1000 had vitamin D deficiency (serum level<20ng/mL), and 346 women that had normal level of vitamin D (serum level>20ng/mL). Vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with women who drank soda 1-3 per month (p-value= 0.038) and 1-3 per week or more (p-value= 0.021). Also, women who were 41-50 years old (p-value= 0.006), 50 years and older (p-value= 0.000) and women who were students as their occupation (p-value= 0.003). Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency was common among women in Qatar, as found in the present study. Students, women who drank soda, and younger age (<50) had the highest vitamin D deficiency
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Gultom, Magdalena, and Ririn Arminsih Wulandari. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY AND PNEUMONIA INCIDENCE OF CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS OF AGE IN WEST JAVA." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph-fp.03.17.

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Zurynski, YA, G. Ridley, B. Jalaludin, and E. Elliott. "I11 21 years of surveillance for vitamin k deficiency bleeding in infants: policy changes in australia and international comparisons." In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the Annual Conference, 13–15 March 2018, SEC, Glasgow, Children First – Ethics, Morality and Advocacy in Childhood, The Journal of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2018-rcpch.479.

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Elsiddig, Sohair Abdeldaim, Ashraf T. Soliman, Khaled Siddiq, Nada Alaaraj, Maya Itani, Mona Shaat, Mohammad Sabobeh, and celine jour. "High prevalence of Dyslipidaemia, Dysglycemia, Vitamin D deficiency and Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) high hepatic enzymes in Obese Children and adolescents: A cohort study." In AAP National Conference & Exhibition Meeting Abstracts. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.147.3_meetingabstract.177-a.

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