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Fenti, Fenti, Agustinus Widodo, and Jamaluddin Jamaluddin. "ANALYSIS OF VITAMIN B-COMPLEX OF EEL FISH (ANGUILLA MARMORATA (Q.) GAIMARD) ON ELVER PHASE ORIGIN LAKE POSO." Ghidza: Jurnal Gizi dan Kesehatan 2, no. 2 (January 10, 2019): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/gjgk.v2i2.11321.
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Background & Objective: Vitamins are complex organic substances that are needed by the body in small amounts, usually cannot be synthesized by the body but are important in metabolic processes one of which is vitamin B. Vitamin B consists of vitamins B1, B2, B3, B6, B9 and B12. Eel is one of the fish that has a high nutrient content, one of which is vitamin B. This study aims to determine the levels of vitamin B (B1, B2, B3, B6, B9 and B12) in Eel fish (Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard) on Elver phase from Lake Poso. Material and Methods: Determination of vitamin B1, B2, B3, B6 and B9 using HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography), and vitamin B12 using LC-MS (Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) . Results: The levels of vitamin B2, B3 and B12is 0.133 mg/100g, 1.895 mg/100g, and 0.017mg/100g, whereas in vitamin B1, B6 and B9 is not detected. Conclusion: Eel fish (Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard) on Elver phase from Lake Poso can be used as a source of vitamins B2, B3 and B12.
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Rahmawati, Previta Zeisar, and Dewi Cholimatus Sa'diyah. "PENETAPAN KADAR VITAMIN B1 PADA GENJER (LIMNOCHARIS FLAVA) DENGAN PENGUKUSAN MENGGUNAKAN SPEKTROFOTOMETER UV-VIS." JOURNAL OF MUHAMMADIYAH MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGIST 3, no. 2 (December 12, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30651/jmlt.v3i2.4782.
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ABSTRACTGenjer (Limnocharis flava) is a daily consumable plant that often used as vegetable by wide society. It known have completed nutritional content such as protein, carbohydrate, mineral and vitamin. Genjer also known as good source of B1 vitamin. The purpose of this study was to identify B1 vitamin level of fresh and steamed genjer plant. Genjer plant were steamed for 2 minutes and 4 minutes. We also want to examine the best steamed time for the plant towards B1 vitamin level. Determination of genjer B1 vitamin level wa used UV-Vis Spectrofotometry at 511 nm, and thiamine was used as the standart solution. The study shown that B1 vitamin level were o,121 mg/100 g, 0,035 mg/100 g and 0,027 mg/100 g in fresh, 2 minutes steamed and 4 minutes steamed genjer plants respectively. We were done a quantitatively analysis of collected data to describe B1 vitamin level in treated genjer plants. The result showed that the longer of steamed period will reduce more of B1 vitamin level at genjer plants. We suggested that B1 vitamin more soluble in water and processing technique related with water have an effect towards B1 vitamin level, and 2 minutes steaming reduce less of B1 Vitamin compared to 4 minutes steaming. Keywords: Genjer (limnocharis flava), Analysis of Vitamin B1 Levels, UV-Vis Spectrophotometer
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Patino-Alonso, Maria C., Marta Gómez Sánchez, Leticia Gómez Sánchez, Rosario Alonso-Domínguez, Natalia Sánchez-Aguadero, Benigna Sánchez Salgado, Emiliano Rodríguez Sánchez, Luis García Ortiz, and Manuel A. Gómez-Marcos. "Multivariate Analysis of Influence of Vitamin Intake on Vascular Function Parameters by Sex in the General Spanish Population: EVA Study." Nutrients 12, no. 3 (February 28, 2020): 643. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12030643.
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The influence of vitamin intake on vascular function parameters in the Spanish general population has not been studied. The main objective of this study is to analyze the influence of vitamin intake on vascular function and as a secondary objective the adequacy of vitamin intake in a sample of the Spanish population without previous cardiovascular disease and analyze the differences according to sex. Methods: We included 501 individuals obtained by simple random sampling with replacement (reference population 43,946). The average age was 55.90 ± 14.24 years, 49.70% men. Participants recorded the intake of vitamins using the EVIDENT app, previously validated, during a period of 3 days. Vascular function was assessed by measuring carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) with the SphygmoCor device, cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) with the VaSera device and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) by using a validated equation. Results: The vitamins with the least adequate intake was vitamin D, less than 5%, and vitamin B9, less than 35%. Vitamins with an adequate intake percentage, close to 100%, were B12 and B6. The multiple regression analysis showed a negative association between cfPWV and vitamin B2 in both sexes, and a positive one with retinol in men and B3 in women. baPWV was negatively associated with vitamins B1 and B12 in women and B9 in men, while being positively linked with B6 in men. CAVI presented a negative association with vitamin D in women. The results were similar in the canonical correspondence analysis. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that the influence of vitamins on vascular function is not homogeneous and varies according to the parameter analyzed. Thus, in men, vitamins B2 and retinol were associated with cfPWV and vitamins B6 and B9 with baPWV. In women, vitamins B2 and B3 were related cfPWV, vitamins B1 and B12 with cfPWV and vitamin D with CAVI.
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Serra-Majem, Lluís, Rosa Ortega, Javier Aranceta, Alfredo Entrala, and Angel Gil. "Fortified foods. Criteria for vitamin supplementation in Spain." Public Health Nutrition 4, no. 6a (April 1, 2001): 1331–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2001211.
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AbstractObjective:To review and analyse criteria for vitamin supplementation and fortification in Spain.Design:Systematic review of scientific literature and simulation analysis of food fortification.Methods:A simulation analysis using a fortified beverage was performed in a random sample of 2855 children aged 2 to 24 years in Spain.Results:High-risk groups for vitamin supplementation and fortification in Spain are highlighted, and target vitamins considered have been: folic acid, vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin D and vitamin B12 (particularly in the elderly). A beverage fortified with vitamins C, A, B1 and B6 may contribute to improving the intake of all of these vitamins with the exception of vitamin A, since the Recommended Nutrient Intake is already covered with current consumption.Conclusions:A detailed knowledge of nutritional status helps to ensure the rationale and follow up of nutrient supplementation and fortification.
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Journal, Baghdad Science. "A novel online coupling of ion selective electrode with the flow injection system for the determination of vitamin B1." Baghdad Science Journal 13, no. 2 (June 5, 2016): 458–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.13.2.458-469.
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A simple, fast, selective of a new flow injection analysis method coupled with potentiometric detection was used to determine vitamin B1 in pharmaceutical formulations via the prepared new selective membranes. Two electrodes were constructed for the determination of vitamin B1 based on the ion-pair vitamin B1-phosphotungestic acid (B1-PTA) in a poly (vinyl chloride) supported with a plasticized di-butyl phthalate (DBPH) and di-butyl phosphate (DBP). Applications of these ion selective electrodes for the determination of vitamin B1 in the pharmaceutical preparations for batch and flow injection systems were described. The ion selective membrane exhibited a near-Nernstian slope values 56.88 and 58.53 mV / decade, with the linear dynamic range of vitamin B1 was 5 x 10-5- 1 x 10-2 and 1 x 10-4-1 x 10-2 mol.L-1, in batch and FIA, respectively. The limit of detection was 3.5 x 10-5 and 9.5 x 10-5 mol.L-1, with the percentage linearity 98.85 and 95.22 in batch and FIA, respectively. The suggested ion selective electrode has been utilized perfection in the determination of vitamin B1 in pharmaceutical formulations using batch and flow injection system, respectively.
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Ortí, Jose Enrique de la Rubia, María Cuerda-Ballester, Eraci Drehmer, Sandra Carrera-Juliá, María Motos-Muñoz, Cristina Cunha-Pérez, María Benlloch, and María Mar López-Rodríguez. "Vitamin B1 Intake in Multiple Sclerosis Patients and its Impact on Depression Presence: A Pilot Study." Nutrients 12, no. 9 (August 31, 2020): 2655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12092655.
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Vitamin B1, or thiamine, is one of the most relevant vitamins in obtaining energy for the nervous system. Thiamine deficiency or lack of activity causes neurological manifestations, especially symptoms of depression, intrinsic to multiple sclerosis (MS) and related to its pathogenesis. On this basis, the aim of this study was to determine the possible relationship between the nutritional habits of patients with MS and the presence of depression. Therefore, a cross-sectional and observational descriptive study was conducted. An analysis of dietary habits and vitamin B1 consumption in a Spanish population of 51 MS patients was performed by recording the frequency of food consumption. Results showed a vitamin B1 intake within the established range, mainly provided by the consumption of ultra-processed products such as cold meats or pastries, and a total carbohydrate consumption lower than recommended, which stands out for its high content of simple carbohydrates deriving from processed foods such as dairy desserts, juice, snacks, pastries, chocolate bars, soft drinks and fermented alcohol. In addition, a significant negative correlation between depression and the intake of thiamine and total carbohydrates was observed. These findings could explain the influence of MS patients’ eating habits, and consequently vitamin B1 activity, on depression levels.
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Heusschen, Laura, Wendy Schijns, Nadine Ploeger, Laura N. Deden, Eric J. Hazebroek, Frits J. Berends, and Edo O. Aarts. "The True Story on Deficiencies After Sleeve Gastrectomy: Results of a Double-Blind RCT." Obesity Surgery 30, no. 4 (November 27, 2019): 1280–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11695-019-04252-1.
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Abstract Background Since a few years, the laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG) has become the most performed bariatric operation worldwide. However, as with all bariatric procedures, SG also leads to vitamin and mineral deficiencies post-operatively and standard multivitamin supplements are probably not sufficient. Objective The present study evaluates the effectiveness of a specialized multivitamin supplement for SG patients (WLS Optimum 1.0, FitForMe, Rotterdam, the Netherlands), compared to a standard multivitamin supplement (sMVS). Design A double-blind randomized controlled trial was performed. For 12 months, patients in the intervention group received WLS Optimum, containing elevated doses of multiple vitamins and minerals. Patients in the control group were provided with sMVS, containing 100% of the recommended dietary allowance. Results In total, 139 patients were available for analysis (WLS Optimum, n = 69; sMVS, n = 70). Intention-to-treat analyses revealed more folic acid deficiencies and higher serum vitamin B1 levels in the WLS Optimum group. Per protocol analyses showed that in patients using WLS Optimum, serum folic acid and vitamin B1 levels were higher, serum PTH levels were lower, and only one patient (2.6%) was anemic compared to 11 patients (17.5%) using a sMVS (p < 0.05 for all). No differences were found in prevalence of deficiencies for iron, vitamin B12, vitamin D, and other vitamins and minerals. Conclusions This optimized multivitamin supplement only affected serum levels of folic acid, PTH and vitamin B1, and anemia rates compared to a sMVS. There is a clear need to further optimize multivitamin supplementation for SG patients. Besides, non-compliance with multivitamin supplements remains an important issue that should be dealt with. Clinical Trial Registry The study protocol was registered at the clinical trials registry of the National Institutes of Health (ClinicalTrials.gov; identifier NCT01609387).
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Liu, Jin, Weina Gao, Lingling Pu, Jingyu Wei, Zhonghao Xin, Yawen Wang, Tala Shi, and Changjiang Guo. "Modulation of hepatic gene expression profiles by vitamin B1, vitamin B2, and niacin supplementation in mice exposed to acute hypoxia." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 43, no. 8 (August 2018): 844–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2017-0468.
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This study was aimed to observe the effects of vitamin B1, vitamin B2, and niacin supplementation on hepatic gene expression profiles in mice exposed to acute hypoxia. Thirty mice were randomly divided into normal, acute hypoxia, and acute hypoxia plus vitamin B1, vitamin B2, and niacin supplementation groups and fed corresponding diets for 2 weeks and then exposed to a simulated altitude of 6000 m for 8 h. Hepatic gene expression profiles were analyzed using a microarray technique. Several biochemical markers were also assayed. The results showed that a total of 2476 genes were expressed differentially after acute hypoxia exposure (1508 upregulated genes and 968 downregulated genes). Compared with the acute hypoxia group, there were 1382 genes differentially expressed (626 upregulated genes and 756 downregulated genes) in the acute hypoxia plus vitamin B1, vitamin B2, and niacin supplementation group. Pathway analysis indicated that carbohydrate, lipid, and amino acid metabolism, as well as electron transfer chain, were improved to some extent after vitamin B1, vitamin B2, and niacin supplementation. Supportive results were obtained from biochemical assays. Our findings suggest that the supplementation of vitamin B1, vitamin B2, and niacin is beneficial in improving nutritional metabolism partly via gene expression under acute hypoxia condition.
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Khrulev, Aleksej E., Alina N. Baykina, Natal’ya A. Shiyanova, Anna Yu Sirotkina, Ol’ga Yu Salokhina, and Vera N. Grigorieva. "Status of water-soluble vitamins and neurological disorders in dialysis patients." Neurology Bulletin LII, no. 1 (June 23, 2020): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/nb17771.
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The deficit of vitamins in patients receiving the long-term hemodialysis is discussed in the modern literature. Vitamin deficiency in a dialysis patient can be explained by the peculiarity of the diet recommendations, the need to take a number of medications, impaired absorption of vitamins in the digestive tract, poor appetite, uremic anorexia, depression, limited ability to buy and cook food, as well as losses of vitamins during the procedure of program hemodialysis. An analytical review of current (2011 and later) publications containing a comprehensive analysis of data on the status of water-soluble vitamins and its role in the development of neurological disorders in dialysis patients is provided. There is a high risk of deficiency of various water soluble vitamins and neurological disorders, such as vitamin B1 deficiency and thiamine deficiency encephalopathy and polyneuropathy, vitamin B6 deficiency and pyridoxine deficiency polyneuropathy, folic acid metabolism disorders, as well as vitamin B12 and the development of hyperhomocysteinemia, cognitive and depressive disorders, strokes, restless legs syndrome and dialysis polyneuropathy among the patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease and program hemodialysis. Vitamin C deficiency and the development of severe asthenic syndrome with insomnia and depression are described in dialysis patients. It seems necessary to revise the traditional nutritional approaches to the dialysis patients based on the analysis of the literature. Special attention is paid to the possible addition of such water-soluble vitamins as B1, B6, B9, B12 and C. Timely diagnosis of vitamin deficiency conditions and neurological disorders in patients on program hemodialysis, the development of methods for their correction and their introduction into clinical practice would improve the life expectancy and quality of life of dialysis patients.
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Martin, Frederic, Ester Campos Giménez, and Erik Konings. "New Methods for the Analysis of Water-Soluble Vitamins in Infant Formula and Adult/Pediatric Nutritionals." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 99, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.15-0245.
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Abstract Water-soluble vitamins (WSVs) are a group of organic compounds which are essential micronutrients. WSVs could be divided between the B complex group and vitamin C (l-ascorbic acid). Within the B complex group, eight vitamins are recognized: vitamins B1 (thiamin), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (niacin or niacinamide), B5 (pantothenic acid), B6 (pyridoxine, pyridoxal, or pyridoxamine), B7 (biotin), B9 (folic acid), and B12 (various cobalamins). This paper reviews the new methods for the analysis of these vitamins, with a focus on infant formula and adult nutritionals.
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Nugrahani, Ilma, and Citra Kartini. "DETERMINATION OF THIAMINE HCL (VITAMIN B1) AND PYRIDOXINE HCL (VITAMIN B6) CONTENT IN TABLET BY FTIR." International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 8, no. 10 (August 23, 2016): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2016v8i10.14026.
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<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The combination of thiamine hydrochloride (vitamin B1) with pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6) has been efficacious to help the metabolism of carbohydrates and amino acids. FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) is a technique widely used in compound identification and determination of functional groups but rarely used for the quantitative purposes. This study aims to obtain a analysis determination method of this vitamin combination simultaneously in tablet dosage form using FTIR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Amount of vitamin B1 and B6 standard were mixed with KBr crystal in a series of concentration (% w/w) in kalium bromide (kbr) crystal, then measured with FTIR. These spectrums yielded were transformed into an absorbance afterward changed to its derivative. The finest spectrum, which showed the best specificity and linearity, was selected and its area under the curve was calculated. The other validation parameters: accuracy, precision, detection limit, quantitation limit, and ranges, next were tested and determined. The validated method than was used to analyze the levels of vitamin B1 and B6 simultaneously in the tablets.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Vitamin B1 and B6 have the linear concentration range from 0.5 to 3.00% w/w. The regression equation for vitamin B1 is y = 0.0608 x-0.0176 with r = 0.9997 and Vx0 = 1.5047%, for vitamin B6: y = 0.0977 x+0.0079 r = 0.9995 and Vx0 = 1.7832%. Recovery results of vitamin B1: 98.98 to 100.93%, while B6: 99.06 to 100.43%. Intra-day and inter-day precision for vitamin B1: 1.73; 1.62; 1.48, and 0.58%, meanwhile for vitamin B6: 1.29; 1.60; 1.78, and 1.39%. The limits of detection and quantitation for vitamin B12 was 0.079 and 0.263% w/w respectively, and for vitamin B6, was: 0.093 and 0.311% w/w. The tablets from the market were tested showed the results that meet with compendia requirements.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FTIR can be used for the determination of levels of vitamin B1 and B6 simultaneously in tablet dosage form and have met the validation requirements.</p>
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GHERGHINA, EVELINA, FLORENTINA ISRAEL-ROMING, DANIELA BĂLAN, GABRIELA LUŢĂ, AGLAIA POPA, and MARTA ZACHIA. "Assessment of vitamin content in different types of romanian cheese." Romanian Biotechnological Letters 26, no. 2 (February 2, 2021): 2375–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.25083/rbl/26.2/2375.2383.
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In recent years there was a preference for healthy natural products hence an increased interest in functional food including fermented dairy products occurred. Dairy products contain nutrients essential for health, of which vitamins could help reduce the risk of certain diseases. Cheese is a highly nutritious food that can play an important role in a wellbalanced diet. The aim of this research was to investigate the vitamin composition of various types of cheese and to evaluate the vitamins intake provided by cheese as part of the daily diet. The determinations were performed on traditional Romanian cheese, meaning cow, sheep, goat and buffalo Telemea and some Kashkaval types purchased from local supermarkets. The samples were subjected to vitamins B1, B2, B12, A and E analysis using spectrofluorometric, spectrophotometric, HPLC and microbiological methods. The results showed a higher content of vitamins B2 and E in Telemea cheese while Kashkaval types were distinguished for vitamin B1, B12 and A. Regarding the vitamin content depending on raw material used for obtaining the different types of cheese, those made from goat milk recorded the highest level of the analyzed vitamins, followed by those from sheep milk, while lowest amounts were found in products obtained from cow.
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Vollbracht, Claudia, Peter W. Gündling, Karin Kraft, and Iris Friesecke. "Blood concentrations of vitamins B1, B6, B12, C and D and folate in palliative care patients: Results of a cross-sectional study." Journal of International Medical Research 47, no. 12 (September 23, 2019): 6192–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060519875370.
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Objective The main purpose of palliative care is symptom relief. Frequently, the symptoms of patients requiring palliative care are the same as common symptoms of vitamin deficiency (e.g. pain, weakness, fatigue, depression). The study aim was to investigate whether patients in palliative care are vitamin deficient. Method This was a monocentre cross-sectional study. Patients attending the palliative care unit of a general hospital in Germany from October 2015 to April 2016 were examined for vitamin blood concentrations and symptoms. Data were analysed using univariate analysis and bivariate correlations. Results Data were available from 31 patients. Vitamin D3 deficiency (<62.5 nmol/L) affected 93.5% of patients, vitamin B6 deficiency (<4.1 ng/mL) 48.4%, vitamin C deficiency (<4.5 mg/L) 45.2%, vitamin B1 deficiency (<35 µg/L) 25.8% and vitamin B12 deficiency (<193 pg/mL) 12.9%. There was a significant negative correlation between vitamin B1 ranges and pain (r = −0.384) and depression (r = −0.439) symptoms. Conclusion All patients showed a deficiency in at least one of the measured vitamins; 68% had concurrent deficiencies in >1 vitamin. A follow-up study using validated questionnaires and a larger sample is needed to investigate the effects of targeted vitamin supplementation on quality of life and symptom burden.
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Wulandary, T., L. Gumilang, S. Astuti, S. A. Nirmalasari, and T. D. Judistiani. "Survey of Vitamin A, B1, B2, B6 and E Intake Among Pregnant Women in Jawa Barat." Advanced Science Letters 24, no. 8 (August 1, 2018): 6242–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2018.12698.
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Micronutrient deficiency in pregnancy might causing a disability for the baby who will be born and causing maternal of fetal death. The data which declared an adequacy of vitamin intake in West Java rated in low level, according to that, the point of this research is to discover the micronutrient intake for pregnant women in their first trimester in West Java region. This research is using descriptive approach, cut across method, secondary data and univariate data analysis. Besides, it is undertaken in July 2016 to February 2017 with a total of 176 respondents located in Bandung, Sukabumi, and Cirebon. Pregnant women in West Java are indicated in vitamin intake deficiency during their first trimester, including vitamin E (100%), vitamin B1 (97,73%), vitamin B2 (97,16%), vitamin B6 (88,64%), and vitamin A (73,86%). Consumption rate of vitamin A in the amount of 653,73 mcg, vitamin B1 0,45 mg, vitamin B2 0,66 mg, vitamin B6 1,06 mg and vitamin E 3,42 mg. The intake of vitamin A, B1, B2, B6 and E through food consumption for pregnant women in first trimester in West Java is mostly unfulfilled, therefore the following research should represent more influence factors, so that the intervention can be done.
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Marciniak, B. "Photophysical and Photochemical Properties of Some Fluorescent Derivatives of Vitamin B1." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 42, no. 5 (May 1, 1987): 485–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1987-0510.
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Absorption and emission spectra, depopulation kinetics of the lowest excited singlet and triplet states and acid-base equilibria of two fluorescent vitamin B, derivatives, the products I and II of the reaction of N-methylated vitamine B, with cytidine and adenosine, respectively, were investigated. Analysis of the lifetime and quantum yield data indicate that at 77 K emissions are the main processes of deactivation of the S1 and T1 states for the free ion and protonated forms. The pKa values indicate a much higher acidity in the excited singlet and triplet states than in the ground state. I and II undergo very slow photochemical reactions in solution in the presence of oxygen (Φ ~ 10-4).
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Jankowska, Magdalena, Paweł Rudnicki-Velasquez, Hanna Storoniak, Przemysław Rutkowski, Bolesław Rutkowski, Karol Krzymiński, and Alicja Dębska-Ślizień. "Thiamine Diphosphate Status and Dialysis-Related Losses in End-Stage Kidney Disease Patients Treated with Hemodialysis." Blood Purification 44, no. 4 (2017): 294–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000480651.
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Aim: (1) To describe the whole blood content of thiamine diphosphate (TDP), a biologically active form of vitamin B1 in end-stage kidney disease patients treated with hemodialysis (HD); (2) to establish the impact of a single HD procedure on TDP blood concentrations; and (3) to describe potential explanatory variables influencing TDP dialysis related losses, including dialysis prescription, vitamin B1 dietary intake and supplementation. Methods: Single-center, cross-sectional study in 50 clinically stable maintenance HD patients. The assessment of whole blood TDP with the High Performance Liquid Chromatography method, before and after a single, middle-week dialysis session and analysis of clinical and laboratory parameters potentially influencing TDP status Results: We report a significant difference in TDP levels before and after HD sessions - 42.5 (95% CI 38.7-46.2) μg/L and 23.6 (95% CI 18.9-28.2) μg/L, respectively (p = 0.000). The magnitude of intradialytic TDP changes is highly variable among individuals and is negatively associated only with the body weight of the patients (p < 0.013). Vitamin B1 dietary intake and supplementation do not influence whole blood TDP and dialysis-related loss of TDP. Conclusions: TDP, a bioactive compound of vitamin B1, is substantially lost during the HD procedure, and the magnitude of its loss is associated with the patient's body weight but it is not influenced by vitamin B1 dietary intake and standard supplementation dose.
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Bosha, Tafese, Christine Lambert, Simon Riedel, Ute Gola, Aberra Melesse, and Hans K. Biesalski. "Validation of the CIMI-Ethiopia Program and Seasonal Variation in Maternal Nutrient Intake in Enset (False Banana) Growing Areas of Southern Ethiopia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 16 (August 9, 2019): 2852. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162852.
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Background: Tools for the rapid and accurate analysis of nutrient intakes from diets of individuals in Southern Ethiopia are lacking. The Calculator of Inadequate Micronutrient Intake program for Ethiopia (CIMI-Ethiopia) has been developed to overcome this problem. CIMI-Ethiopia also computes protein and energy intakes from the diet. The objectives of the current study were to validate CIMI-Ethiopia for the dietary pattern of Southern Ethiopia, and assess the nutrient intakes in postharvest dry and lean wet seasons. Methods: 24-h dietary recall (24HR) data was collected from 578 women of a reproductive age in postharvest dry and lean wet seasons in 2017. For analysis, 24HR data was entered into NutriSurvey (NS), which was the reference nutrition software, and then into CIMI-Ethiopia. For validation, the mean and standard deviation (SD) of the difference between CIMI-Ethiopia and NS were computed. The percentage of participants with an inadequate intake was calculated. The correlation between CIMI-Ethiopia and NS results was determined. The nutrient intakes in postharvest dry and lean seasons were compared. Results: Among the nutrients, pantothenic acid, vitamin B1, and protein showed a very high accuracy in CIMI-Ethiopia calculation (|difference (D)| < 5.0% of the NS result). Nutrients with a good accuracy (|D| = 5%–15%) were iron, zinc, magnesium, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, and energy. The accuracy for calcium, niacin, and vitamin A was moderate (|D| = 15%–30%). The intakes calculated by CIMI-Ethiopia and NS of iron, zinc, magnesium, calcium, B-complex vitamins, vitamin A, protein, and energy were highly correlated (r = 0.85–0.97, p < 0.001). NS analysis identified a significant reduction in the mean intake of iron; zinc; magnesium; pantothenic acid; vitamin B1, B12, and D; protein; and energy in the lean wet season; however, calcium and vitamin A intake increased. Conclusions: It has been found that CIMI-Ethiopia is a valid tool for estimating nutrient intakes at an individual level in Southern Ethiopia. The study demonstrated a decline in intakes of iron; zinc; magnesium; pantothenic acid; vitamin B1, B12, and D; protein; and energy in the lean wet season. This result provides some hint for fortification and supplementation programs that aim to combat maternal malnutrition in rural Southern Ethiopia.
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Gardiner, Edith M., Luis M. Esteban, Colette Fong, Susan J. Allison, Judith L. Flanagan, Alexander P. Kouzmenko, and John A. Eisman. "Vitamin D receptor B1 and exon 1d: functional and evolutionary analysis." Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 89-90 (May 2004): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2004.03.078.
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Sasatsuki, Hitoshi, Atsuo Nakazaki, Koji Uchida, and Takahiro Shibata. "Quantitative analysis of oxidized vitamin B1 metabolites generated by hypochlorous acid." Free Radical Biology and Medicine 152 (May 2020): 197–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.03.010.
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Fujii, Tomoko, Alessandro Belletti, Anitra Carr, Toshi A. Furukawa, Nora Luethi, Alessandro Putzu, Chiara Sartini, et al. "Vitamin C therapy for patients with sepsis or septic shock: a protocol for a systematic review and a network meta-analysis." BMJ Open 9, no. 11 (November 2019): e033458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033458.
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IntroductionVasoplegia is common and associated with a poor prognosis in patients with sepsis and septic shock. Vitamin C therapy in combination with vitamin B1 and glucocorticoid, as well as monotherapy in various doses, has been investigated as a treatment for the vasoplegic state in sepsis, through targeting the inflammatory cascade. However, the combination effect and the relative contribution of each drug have not been well evaluated. Furthermore, the best combination between the three agents is currently unknown. We are planning a systematic review (SR) with network meta-analysis (NMA) to compare the different treatments and identify the combination with the most favourable effect on survival.Methods and analysisWe will include all randomised controlled trials comparing any intervention using intravenous vitamin C, vitamin B1 and/or glucocorticoid with another or with placebo in the treatment of sepsis. We are interested in comparing the following active interventions. Very high-dose vitamin C (≥12 g/day), high-dose vitamin C (≥6 g/day), vitamin C (<6 g/day); low-dose glucocorticoid (<400 mg/day of hydrocortisone (or equivalent)), vitamin B1 and combinations of the drugs above. The primary outcome will be all-cause mortality at the longest follow-up within 1 year but 90 days or longer postrandomisation. All relevant studies will be sought through database searches and trial registries. All reference selection and data extraction will be conducted by two independent reviewers. We will conduct a random-effects NMA to synthesise all evidence for each outcome and obtain a comprehensive ranking of all treatments. We will use the surface under the cumulative ranking curve and the mean ranks to rank the various interventions. To differentiate between the effect of combination therapies and the effect of a component, we will employ a component NMA.Ethics and disseminationThis SR does not require ethical approval. We will publish findings from this systematic review in a peer-reviewed scientific journal and present these at scientific conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018103860.
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Zharova, Yulia Sergeevna, Victoria Andreevna Dudareva, Maksim Leonidovich Maksimov, Irina Glebovna Dyadikova, and Malika Anarbekovna Ismailova. "Features of nutrition and vitamin and mineral prevention in young people during the Covid-19 pandemic." Vrač skoroj pomoŝi (Emergency Doctor), no. 10 (October 1, 2020): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-02-2010-04.
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Purpose of researh was making recommendations on diet for students in self-isolation mode, taking into account the analysis of their nutrition. Methods. A representative group was formed by random sampling. The study involved 40 students (23 women and 17 men) of Rostov State Medical University, average age 22.5 years ± 1 year (group 1). To create the database, we used the human nutritional analysis program, version 1.2.4., Registered by the Russian Agency for Patents and Trademarks 02/09/04 No. 2004610397 GUNII Nutrition RAMS. Comparison of the results was carried out with a similar group outside the conditions of self-isolation caused by the pandemic covid-19 (control group). Results. In the group of women surveyed, the energy value of the diet was 1832.77 kcal. The daily amount of incoming protein is 66.6 g, fat — 97.3 g (45 % more than the recommended amount), carbohydrates — 167.87 g (42 % lower than normal). The content of trace elements: sodium — 124 % more than normal, phosphorus — 43 %. At the same time, the content of other trace elements and vitamins is less than necessary: calcium — by 18 %, magnesium — by 39 %, vitamin B1 — by 55 %, vitamin B2 — by 35 %, niacin — by 45 %. In the group of men surveyed, the energy value of the diet was 1848.24 kcal; the amount of protein consumed — 66.93 g, fat — 97.7 g (20 % higher than normal), carbohydrates — 169.6 g (53 % less than the recommended amount). The content of trace elements: sodium — 123 % more than normal, phosphorus — 46 %. There is a lack of intake of many trace elements and vitamins: calcium — 15 % less than recommended, magnesium — 38 %, vitamin B1–54 %, vitamin B2–32 %, niacin — 45 %. Conclusion. In general, we can conclude that the nutrition of the students surveyed does not correspond to the current situation. Although the energy value of the daily diet is optimal, the ratio of macro- and micronutrients is violated. Recommendations are given to reduce the consumption of foods containing fats and phosphorus, in favor of foods containing complex carbohydrates, as well as vitamins B1, B2, niacin, magnesium and calcium. The need to minimize the consumption of salt, sugar, saturated and trans isomers of fatty acids is noted. It is also recommended in conditions of self-isolation to add specialized and fortified foods, as well as vitamin-mineral complexes, to the diet.
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Onyrkwere, Eze Sunday, and Amajoh Chinwe Victoria. "PHYTOCHEMICALS, VITAMINS,MACRO AND MICRO ELEMENTS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ANALYSIS OF THE STEM BARK OF NAPOLEONA VOGELII(AKPAESU)." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY 11, no. 9 (July 29, 2015): 3930–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jac.v11i9.2684.
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Sequel to the increasing application of plant materials in ethnomedicine and for nutritive purposes the phytochemicals, vitamins, macro and micro elements and antimicrobial analysis of the stem bark of Napoleonavogelii were undertaken using standard methods. The result shows that Napoleonavogeliicontains bioactive phytochemicals such as tannin (0.45±0.25%), phytosterols (12.53±0.25%), alkaloids (4.42±0.23%), flavonoids (9.27±0.18%), saponins (4.27±0.25%), hydrogen cyanide (0.37±0.20%). The vitamin analysis shows that the stem bark of Napoleonavogeliicontains vitamin A (1.20±0.03Mg/g), vitamin E (1.31±0.04 Mg/g), vitamin C (2.78±0.04 Mg/g), vitamin B1(7.20±0.05 Mg/g), vitamin B2 (0.90±0.31 Mg/g), vitamin B9(4.09±0.05 Mg/g), vitamin B3(1.27±0.25 Mg/g), vitamin B6(12.50±0.04 Mg/g)andvitaminB12(8.25±0.04Mg/g) in varying amounts while vitaminB5andvitaminB7wereabsent.Sodium(1247mg/kg),Calcium(2006mg/kg),Copper(1.23mg/kg),Phosphorous(410.22mg/kg), Iron(304.660mg/kg), Manganese(56.99mg/kg) and Zinc(2.69mg/kg) were the detectable mineral elements, Potassium (4996mg/kg) had the highest value while Arsenic and Nickel were below detection limit (0.001mg/kg).The result of the antimicrobial screening of the ethanol, butanol and chloroform extracts of the stem bark of Napoleonavogeliiagainst five pathogenic microbes, Escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, streptococcus sp, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans shows that the butanol extract showed higher antimicrobial activities compared to the other extracts. Results from this study have shown that the stem bark of Napoleonavogeliicontains medicinal properties.
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Bonku, Rabiatu, Nona Mikiashvili, and Jianmei Yu. "Impacts of Protease Treatment on the Contents of Tocopherols and B Vitamins in Peanuts." Journal of Food Research 9, no. 6 (September 27, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v9n6p1.
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This study investigated the changes of tocopherols and B vitamins in raw peanuts as a result of protease treatment which was used to reduce peanut allergens. Raw peanut kernels were treated with Alcalase, bromelain, Neutrase and papain separately at different concentrations, vacuum dried, and then ground into paste. The paste was defatted using hexane containing 0.02% BHT to obtained crude oil and defatted peanut flour which were used for tocopherol and B-vitamin analysis, respectively. The protease treatment significantly reduced the contents of all tocopherols and B-vitamins in the peanuts in enzyme concentration-dependent manner (P<0.0001). The highest losses of α-, γ-, and δ-tocopherols were 60.87 %, 40.60 % and 36.89 %, respectively, while the maximum losses of vitamins B1, B2, B3 and B6 were 63.29 %, 44.83 %, 40.56 % and 49.59 %, respectively. Among tocopherols, α-tocopherol was the most affected while δ-tocopherol was the least affected. Among B-vitamins, B1 was the most affected and B3 the least affected. This study demonstrated that although the protease treatment approach (including enzyme treatment and drying) for peanut allergen reduction resulted in different degrees of losses in tocopherols and B vitamins in raw peanuts, the enzyme treated peanuts is still a good source of tocopherols and vitamin B3 comparing to most cooked legumes and vegetable.
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Serra-Majem, Lluís, Maira Bes-Rastrollo, Blanca Román-Viñas, Karina Pfrimer, Almudena Sánchez-Villegas, and Miguel A. Martínez-González. "Dietary patterns and nutritional adequacy in a Mediterranean country." British Journal of Nutrition 101, S2 (July 2009): S21—S28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114509990559.
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Dietary patterns have been related to health outcomes and morbi-mortality. Mediterranean diet indexes are correlated with adequate nutrient intake. The objective of the present study was to analyse the adequacy of nutrient intake ofa posterioridefined Mediterranean (MDP) and Western (WDP) diet patterns in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) cohort. A sample of 17 197 subjects participated in the study. Participants completed a 136-item validated semi-quantitative FFQ. Principal component analysis was used to define dietary patterns. Individuals were classified according to quintiles of adherence based on dietary pattern scores. Non-dietary variables, such as smoking and physical activity habits, were also taken into account. The probability approach was used to assess nutrient intake adequacy of certain vitamins (vitamins B12, B6, B3, B2, B1, A, C, D and E) and minerals (Na, Zn, iodine, Se, folic acid, P, Mg, K, Fe and Ca). Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the adequacy of nutrient intake according to adherence to dietary patterns. WDP and MDP were defined. A higher quintile of adherence to an MDP was associated to a lower prevalence of inadequacy for the intake of Zn, iodine, vitamin E, Mg, Fe, vitamin B1, vitamin A, Se, vitamin C and folic acid. The adjusted OR for not reaching at least six (or at least ten) nutrient recommendations were 0·09 (95 % CI: 0·07, 0·11) (and 0·02 (95 % CI: 0·00, 0·16)) for the upper quintile of MDP and 4·4 (95 % CI: 3·6, 5·5) and 2·5 (95 % CI: 1·1, 5·4) for the WDP. The MDP was associated to a better profile of nutrient intake.
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Isabirye, Nathan, Amara E. Ezeamama, Rachel Kyeyune-Bakyayita, Danstan Bagenda, Wafaie W. Fawzi, and David Guwatudde. "Dietary Micronutrients and Gender, Body Mass Index and Viral Suppression Among HIV-Infected Patients in Kampala, Uganda." International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS (IJMA) 9, no. 3 (August 13, 2020): 337–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21106/ijma.362.
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Background: HIV/AIDS is a hallmark of immune suppression. Micronutrient deficiencies in diet and recurrent opportunistic infections play major roles in the lives of people living with HIV. Although benefits of providing adequate diet to HIV positive persons are well documented, the demand for key elements still remain unclear in particular settings, especially in low and middle-income countries.
Methods: This was a cross sectional analysis of baseline data collected from HIV-infected adults initiating antiretroviral therapy, and who were enrolled in a multivitamin supplementation trial. A food frequency questionnaire was used and intake were obtained as a product of quantities consumed. Adequacy was calculated as the proportion of Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA). A chi square test and logistic regression analysis were used at p-value 0.05 to show significant associations.
Results: Mean intakes were above minimum requirements for analyzed micronutrients with the exception of Calcium and Iron. Participants who met RDA intakes were as follows: highest (? 80%) for Magnesium, Selenium, Zinc and Vitamins B2, B6, B9, C and E; moderate (50% to <80%) for Vitamins B3, and A; and lowest (?50%) for Iron (30%), Calcium (14.9%), Vitamins B12 and B1. Gender differences in met RDA were observed for Iron, Selenium, Zinc, Vitamins A, B1, B3 and E. In multivariable analyses, nutritional status and CD4 count had no influence on meeting RDA for majority of micronutrients such as magnesium, Selenium, B class vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B6, B9, B12), vitamin (A, C, and E), Zinc and Calcium, but not including iron.
Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Diets consumed by the study participants were low in most protective nutrients (Iron, Calcium, Zinc, Vitamin A, B1, B3, and B12). This deficiency was more common among females than males, and irrespective of BMI or CD 4 count. Findings warrant further investigation on the impact and cost implications for suplementation interventions that target the elements lacking in the diets of people living with HIV in similar low-resourced settings.
Key words: • Recommended Dietary Allowances • Micronutrients • Dietary intakes • Body Mass Index • CD4 cell count • HIV/AIDS • Uganda
Copyright © 2020 Isabirye et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.
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Ostapiv, R. D., and V. І. Tkachenko. "INVESTIGATION OF THE SOLVENT pH EFFECT ON SHORT-TERM STABILITY OF WATER-SOLUBLE VITAMINS IN SOLUTION." Scientific and Technical Bulletin оf State Scientific Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medical Products and Fodder Additives аnd Institute of Animal Biology 21, no. 2 (October 27, 2020): 144–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36359/scivp.2020-21-2.19.
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The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of pH on the short-term stability of both individual water-soluble vitamins and their mixtures, thus characterizing the robustness of the method in relation to the pH of the solvent as one of the validation method parameters. Determination of vitamin concentration was performed by liquid chromatographic method immediately after their dissolution, as well as after exposure for 1, 2 and 3 hours at a temperature of 20ºC. The analysis was performed on a Waters liquid chromatograph equipped with an Alliance 2690 separation module with a PAD 996 diode array detector. Sample separation conditions: Luna Omega Polar C18 250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm chromatographic column. Mobile phase: a mixture of acetonitrile with 0.05 M phosphate buffer solution, pH 3.0. For the separation of thiamine hydrochloride, nicotinamide, pyridoxine hydrochloride and ascorbic acid (vitamin group I), the ratio of components was 3:97, for the separation of ascorbic acid, riboflavin and cyanocobalamin (vitamin group II) - 15:85. The injection volume was 0.01 ml, the mobile phase flow rate was 1.0 ml/min, the column temperature was 25ºC, and the separation time was 10 minutes. The detection wavelength is 265 nm.
It was found that the decrease in the concentration of vitamins B1, B2, B6, B12 and nicotinamide in mixtures with ascorbic acid was within 10% at all pH values except 9.0. When buffer with this pH was used, the concentration of vitamin B1 decreased by 38 % in mixtures with vitamins B6, C and nicotinamide. Vitamin C was the most sensitive to pH. Thus, the greatest decrease in the concentration of ascorbic acid was recorded with the use of phosphate buffer with pH 5.0 and 7.0, both in group I vitamins and when vitamin C was present in solution without other vitamins. At pH 9.0, the concentration of ascorbic acid decreased in the range of 50-80 %. Ascorbic acid was stable when solvent with a pH of 3.0 was used. This solvent is proposed to be used for further validation of methods for determining water-soluble vitamins in premixes and feed additives.
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Shahzadi, Syeda Kiran, Muhammad Abdul Qadir, and Adil Munir. "Chromatographic Analysis of Vitamin B1, B2, B6 and Folic Acid in Multivitamin Pharmaceutical Dosages Available in Local Market." International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications 9, no. 4 (August 2018): 139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijcea.2018.9.4.714.
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Serra-Majem, Lluís, Lourdes Ribas, Joy Ngo, Javier Aranceta, Marta Garaulet, Emilia Carazo, José Mataix, et al. "Risk of Inadequate Intakes of Vitamins A, B1, B6, C, E, Folate, Iron and Calcium in the Spanish Population Aged 4 to 18." International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 71, no. 6 (November 1, 2001): 325–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831.71.6.325.
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A meta-analysis of the most representative Spanish nutrition studies was carried out to identify inadequate intakes of vitamins A, B1, B6, C, E, folate, iron, and calcium in children aged 4 to 18. Information on vegetable, fruit and fruit juice/beverage intake was also solicited. Data drawn from the selected studies yielded a total of 6540 children and adolescents in eight geographical areas. The sample was stratified by age (children: 4 to 14 years old and adolescents: 13–18 years old) and sex. Inadequate intakes (below two-thirds of the recommended values) were notable in children for vitamin E, vitamin C, and vitamin A and in girls, iron. In adolescents, low intakes were especially marked for vitamin E and vitamin A, and in girls, calcium, folate, and iron. Adolescents consumed more vegetables, fruit juice, and fruit drinks whereas children had higher fruit intakes. Regional differences in consumption were also detected. Strategies for improving nutrient intake in these vulnerable populations are discussed.
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Shumyantseva, V. V., E. V. Shich, A. A. Machova, T. V. Bulko, V. G. Kukes, O. S. Sizova, G. V. Ramenskaya, S. A. Usanov, and A. I. Archakov. "The influence of vitamin B group on monooxygenase activity of cytochrome P450 3A4: pharmacokinetics and electro analysis of catalytic properties." Biomeditsinskaya Khimiya 57, no. 3 (2011): 343–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18097/pbmc20115703343.
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It was shown that vitamin B group permit to shorten the longitude of diclofenak therapy and to reduce the daytime dose of this drug. All three schemes of diclofenac treatment - only diclofenac, diclofenac plus 2 tablets of Gitagamp (mixture of vitamin B group), and diclofenac plus 4 tablets of Gitagamp - gave maximum value of diclofenal in blood through 1 hour after treatment. In the case of diclofenak treatment without vitamins Cmax corresponds to 1137.2±82.4 ng/ml, with 2 tablets of Gitagamp - Cmax 1326.7±122.5 ng/ml, and with 4 tablets - Cmax 2200.4±111.3 ng/ml. Positive influence of vitamin B group on the decrease of pain syndrome was shown. Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics data were confirmed in electrochemical experiments with cytochrome P450 3A4. For enzyme immobilization screen printed graphite electrodes modified with gold nanoparticles and synthetic membrane-like compound didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB/Au) were used. Electrochemical analysis reviled the influence of vitamin B group on metabolism of non steroid anti inflammation drug diclofenac catalyzed by cytochrome P450 3A4. Riboflavin was the most effective inhibitor of diclofenac hydroxylation by cytochrome P450 3A4 as was compared at 300 M concentration of vitamin B group (B1, B2, B6). These data confirmed the opportunity of pharmacokinetic parameters regulation and the level of pharmacodynamic effects by the influence of vitamin B group on the catalytic activity of cytochrome P450 3A4.
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Woollard, David C., and Harvey E. Indyk. "Rapid Determination of Thiamine, Riboflavin, Pyridoxine, and Niacinamide in Infant Formulas by Liquid Chromatography." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 85, no. 4 (July 1, 2002): 945–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/85.4.945.
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Abstract A simplified, simultaneous determination of vitamins B1, B2, B3, and B6 in supplemented infant formulas was developed from a single deproteinized sample extract, with analysis by reversed-phase, ion-pair chromatography with an acidified methanol–water mobile phase. The dioctylsulfosuccinate counter-ion facilitates unique retention of the pyridine-based vitamins (niacinamide and pyridoxine) and allows for concurrent measurement of both the pyridoxal and riboflavin 5′-phosphate endogenous components of milk. Other naturally occurring undetected vitamin congeners have minimal analytical significance. UV detection is used for niacinamide, and programmed fluorescence detection is used for riboflavin and the B6 vitamins. Thiamine is routinely determined sequentially under modified elution conditions.
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Lesgards, Jean-Francois, Marie-Pascale Lehucher-Michel, Nicolas Vidal, and Pierre Stocker. "Assessment of Antioxidative Activity of Lipid- and Water-Soluble Vitamins in Human Whole Blood. Comparative Analysis Between a Biological Test and Chemical Methods." International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 75, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831.75.1.11.
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Assessment of the antioxidant activity of vitamins and other compounds is of interest in the understanding of their in vivo effects. In this study, we have investigated the activity of several lipid and water-soluble vitamins in human whole blood. Measurements were carried out using a biological test that enables the evaluation of both red blood cells and plasma resistance against free radical activity induced by 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane)hydrochloride (AAPH). Antioxidant activity of vitamins has been determined by using the biological test versus chemical methods (chemiluminescence, DMPD radical). We have observed strong antioxidant potentials for vitamins B6 and B9 with biological tests, but not with chemical methods. At 10 μM, the vitamin B9 efficiency in inhibiting radical-induced red blood cell hemolysis was almost three times higher than vitamin C efficiency and two times higher than α-tocopherol efficiency. Antioxidant activity was not observed for vitamins B1 or B2, nor for retinol. The weak activity of β-carotene still remains to be investigated particularly in relation to oxygen pressure. Our study demonstrated that the biological test is more useful than the chemical methods employed in this instance, for the evaluation of antioxidant capacity of lipophilic and putatively biologically active compounds.
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Obuseh, Francis A., Pauline E. Jolly, Yi Jiang, Faisal M. B. Shuaib, John Waterbor, William O. Ellis, Chandrika J. Piyathilake, Renee A. Desmond, Evans Afriyie-Gyawu, and Timothy D. Phillips. "Aflatoxin B1 albumin adducts in plasma and aflatoxin M1 in urine are associated with plasma concentrations of vitamins A and E." International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 80, no. 6 (December 1, 2010): 355–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000021.
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Background: Although aflatoxin exposure has been associated with micronutrient deficiency in animals, there are few investigations on the effects of aflatoxin exposure on micronutrient metabolism in humans. Objective: To examine the relationship between aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) albumin adducts (AF-ALB) in plasma and the aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) metabolite in urine and plasma concentrations of retinol (vitamin A) and alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) in Ghanaians. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 147 adult participants was conducted. Blood and urine samples were tested for aflatoxin and vitamins A and E levels. Results: Multivariable analysis showed that participants with high AF-ALB (>= 0.80 pmol/mg albumin) had increased odds of having vitamin A deficiency compared to those with lower AF-ALB [Odds Ratio (OR) = 2.61; CI = 1.03 - 6.58; p = 0.04]. Participants with high AF-ALB also showed increased odds of having vitamin E deficiency but this was not statistically significant (OR = 2.4; CI = 0.96 - 6.05; p = 0.06). Conversely, those with higher AFM1 values had a statistically nonsignificant reduced odds of having vitamin A deficiency (OR = 0.31; CI = 0.09 - 1.02; p = 0.05) and a statistically significant reduced odds of having vitamin E deficiency (OR = 0.31; CI = 0.10 - 0.97; p = 0.04). Participants with high AF-ALB or high AFM1 (>= 437.95 pg/dL creatinine) were almost 6 times more likely to be hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive (OR = 5.88; CI = 1.71 - 20.14; p = 0.005) and (OR = 5.84; CI = 1.15 - 29.54; p = 0.03) respectively. Conclusions: These data indicate that aflatoxin may modify plasma micronutrient status. Thus, preventing aflatoxin exposure may reduce vitamin A and E deficiencies.
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Supriyono, Supriyono, Mudhiah Fitrillah, and Arie Pratama Putra. "Validation of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Method for Determination of Vitamin B1 in Powder Milk." Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi 23, no. 5 (April 20, 2020): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jksa.23.5.177-182.
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Vitamin B1 plays an important role in the co-enzymatic reactions for energy-rich compounds called ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate). Therefore, it should be added to various food products, for example, milk powder. One method that can be used to determine vitamin B1 is SNI number 3751: 2009, but the method is intended for wheat flour. If the method is to be used for the analysis from other samples, such as milk powder, optimization, and validation, are needed. This experiment was carried out using HPLC, C18 column, and UV detector with a wavelength of 254 nm. The mobile phase used is methanol: acetic acid: bi-distilled water = 32:1:67 (v/v/v), flow rate = 1 mL/minute, isocratic, and reverse phased technique. Method validation parameters include tests of system suitability, linearity, the limit of detection, the limit of quantitation, precision (repeatability), and accuracy. The results showed that the system suitability test was obtained relative standard deviations (% RSD) for retention time and peak area, tailing factor, resolution, separation factor was 0.297%, 1.476%, 1.113, 6.693, and 4.406 respectively. The validation test gets a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.9996, the limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.0122 mg/100 mL and 0.0244 mg/100 mL, respectively. The precision test obtained Horwitz's ratio of 0.27%. Accuracy test using CRM obtained % recovery of 93.79-97.77%. All these results meet the requirements of method validation, so it can be concluded that the method of SNI number 3751: 2009 is valid for the determination of vitamin B1 in milk powder and can be used for routine analysis procedure.
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MacDONALD, LAUREN E., JAMES BRETT, DAVID KELTON, SHANNON E. MAJOWICZ, KATE SNEDEKER, and JAN M. SARGEANT. "A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Pasteurization on Milk Vitamins, and Evidence for Raw Milk Consumption and Other Health-Related Outcomes." Journal of Food Protection 74, no. 11 (November 1, 2011): 1814–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-10-269.
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Pasteurization of milk ensures safety for human consumption by reducing the number of viable pathogenic bacteria. Although the public health benefits of pasteurization are well established, pro–raw milk advocate organizations continue to promote raw milk as “nature's perfect food.” Advocacy groups' claims include statements that pasteurization destroys important vitamins and that raw milk consumption can prevent and treat allergies, cancer, and lactose intolerance. A systematic review and meta-analysis was completed to summarize available evidence for these selected claims. Forty studies assessing the effects of pasteurization on vitamin levels were found. Qualitatively, vitamins B12 and E decreased following pasteurization, and vitamin A increased. Random effects meta-analysis revealed no significant effect of pasteurization on vitamin B6 concentrations (standardized mean difference [SMD], −2.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], −5.40, 0.8; P = 0.06) but a decrease in concentrations of vitamins B1 (SMD, −1.77; 95% CI, −2.57, −0.96; P < 0.001), B2 (SMD, −0.41; 95% CI, −0.81, −0.01; P < 0.05), C (SMD, −2.13; 95% CI, −3.52, −0.74; P < 0.01), and folate (SMD, −11.99; 95% CI, −20.95, −3.03; P < 0.01). The effect of pasteurization on milk's nutritive value was minimal because many of these vitamins are naturally found in relatively low levels. However, milk is an important dietary source of vitamin B2, and the impact of heat treatment should be further considered. Raw milk consumption may have a protective association with allergy development (six studies), although this relationship may be potentially confounded by other farming-related factors. Raw milk consumption was not associated with cancer (two studies) or lactose intolerance (one study). Overall, these findings should be interpreted with caution given the poor quality of reported methodology in many of the included studies.
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Grotzkyj Giorgi, Margherita, Kevin Howland, Colin Martin, and Adrian B. Bonner. "A Novel HPLC Method for the Concurrent Analysis and Quantitation of Seven Water-Soluble Vitamins in Biological Fluids (Plasma and Urine): A Validation Study and Application." Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/359721.
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An HPLC method was developed and validated for the concurrent detection and quantitation of seven water-soluble vitamins (C, B1, B2, B5, B6, B9, B12) in biological matrices (plasma and urine). Separation was achieved at 30°C on a reversed-phase C18-A column using combined isocratic and linear gradient elution with a mobile phase consisting of 0.01% TFA aqueous and 100% methanol. Total run time was 35 minutes. Detection was performed with diode array set at 280 nm. Each vitamin was quantitatively determined at its maximum wavelength. Spectral comparison was used for peak identification in real samples (24 plasma and urine samples from abstinent alcohol-dependent males). Interday and intraday precision were <4% and <7%, respectively, for all vitamins. Recovery percentages ranged from 93% to 100%.
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Mallakpour, Shadpour, and Samaneh Soltanian. "Morphology and thermal properties of nanocomposites based on chiral poly(ester-imide) matrix reinforced by vitamin B1 functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes." Journal of Composite Materials 51, no. 16 (September 16, 2016): 2291–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998316669856.
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Chemical functionalization of carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes with vitamin B1 was carried out under ultrasonic irradiation. The functionalized nanotubes were embedded in a chiral and biodegradable poly(ester-imide) to prepare multiwalled carbon nanotubes reinforced polymer nanocomposites. Optically active poly(ester-imide) was synthesized by step-growth polymerization of aromatic diol and amino acid based diacid. The vitamin B1 functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes and the resulting nanocomposites were examined using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis results indicated that temperature at 10% weight loss was increased from 409℃ for pure PEI to 419℃, 427℃, and 430℃ for nanocomposites containing 5%, 10%, and 15% functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes, respectively. The Fourier-transform scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images exhibited that the functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes were separated individually and enwrapped by polymer chains.
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Saad-Hussein, Amal, Mohgah Sh Abdalla, Wafaa Gh Shousha, Gehan Moubarz, and Aya H. Mohamed. "Oxidative Role of Aflatoxin B1 on the Liver of Wheat Milling Workers." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 2, no. 1 (March 15, 2014): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2014.026.
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Aim: The study aimed to estimate oxidative role of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on the liver in wheat milling workers. Materials and Methods: Case-control study was conducted to compare between the levels of AFB1/albumin (AFB1/alb), liver enzymes (ALT, AST, GGT, and ALP), P53, MDA, GST, SOD, zinc and vitamin C in 35 wheat milling workers and 40 control subjects. Results: Statistical analysis revealed that ALT, AST, GGT, ALP, P53, MDA, GST and SOD in workers were significantly elevated compared to their controls. In the milling workers, there were significant correlations between MDA levels and the levels of AST, GGT, and P53, while, P53 was inversely correlated with GST and SOD activities. There were significant correlations between Zn levels and GGT, GST and SOD activities, between vitamin C and GST activities, and vitamin C inversely correlated with MDA. Conclusion: The present study concluded that the oxidative stress of AFB1 elevated the MDA and the liver enzymes in wheat milling workers. GST has a crucial role in the detoxification of aflatoxin and SOD as a scavenger antioxidant increased in the workers to overcome the oxidative toxic effects of AFB1 on the liver of the workers, and roles of Zn and vitamin C were significant in activation of these processes.
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Sharpless, Katherine E., Lisa M. Gill, Sam A. Margolis, Stephen A. Wise, and Edgar Elkins. "Preparation of Standard Reference Material 2383 (Baby Food Composite) and Use of an Interlaboratory Comparison Exercise for Value Assignment of Its Nutrient Concentrations." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 82, no. 2 (March 1, 1999): 276–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/82.2.276.
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Abstract The preparation of the recently released Standard Reference Material (SRM) 2383 Baby Food Composite and the process used for value assignment of nutrient concentrations are reported. SRM 2383 can be used as a control material when assigning values to in-house control materials and when validating analytical methods for measuring proximates, vitamins, and minerals in baby food and similar matrixes. The SRM was prepared as a commercial baby food would be prepared, with the same ingredients. The Certificate of Analysis for SRM 2383 provides assigned values for concentrations of proximates, vitamins, and minerals for which product labeling is required by the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990. These assigned values were based on measurements by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and/or collaborating laboratories. Assignment of analyte concentrations based solely on analyses by collaborating laboratories is described in this paper. Certified values are provided for retinol, tocopherols, and several carotenoids including total β-carotene; the certification of and methodology used for measurement of these analytes is discussed in a companion paper (this issue, page 288). Reference values are provided for solids, ash, fat, nitrogen, protein, carbohydrate, calories, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, niacin, biotin, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, iron, zinc, copper, sodium, potassium, and chloride. Reference values for additional carotenoids are reported in the companion paper (this issue, page 288). Information values are provided for iodine, selenium, molybdenum, vitamin D, vitamin B12, folic acid, pantothenic acid, choline, inositol, sugars, total dietary fiber, and 3 classes of fats.
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Eschbach, Marie-Luise, Ingrid B. Müller, Tim-Wolf Gilberger, Rolf D. Walter, and Carsten Wrenger. "The human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum expresses an atypical N-terminally extended pyrophosphokinase with specificity for thiamine." Biological Chemistry 387, no. 12 (December 1, 2006): 1583–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bc.2006.197.
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Abstract Vitamin B1 is an essential cofactor for key enzymes such as 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase and pyruvate dehydrogenase. Plants, bacteria and fungi, as well as Plasmodium falciparum, are capable of synthesising vitamin B1 de novo, whereas mammals have to take up this cofactor from their diet. Thiamine, a B1 vitamer, has to be pyrophosphorylated by thiamine pyrophosphokinase (TPK) to the active form. The human malaria parasite P. falciparum expresses an N-terminally extended pyrophosphokinase throughout the entire erythrocytic life cycle, which was analysed by Northern and Western blotting. The recombinant enzyme shows a specific activity of 27 nmol min-1 mg-1 protein and specificity for thiamine with a K m value of 73 μM, while thiamine monophosphate is not accepted. Mutational analysis of the N-terminal extension of the plasmodial TPK showed that it influences thiamine binding as well as metal dependence, which suggests N-terminal participation in the conformation of the active site. Protein sequences of various plasmodial TPKs were analysed for their phylogeny, which classified the Plasmodium TPKs to a group distinct from the mammalian TPKs. To verify the location of the parasite TPK within the cell, immunofluorescence analyses were performed. Co-staining of PfTPK with a GFP marker visualised its cytosolic localisation.
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Frank, Thomas, Marco Kühl, Beate Makowski, Roland Bitsch, Gerhard Jahreis, and Johanna Hübscher. "Does a 100-km Walking Affect Indicators of Vitamin Status?" International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 70, no. 5 (September 1, 2000): 238–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831.70.5.238.
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The status of thiamin (B1), riboflavin (B2), ascorbic acid (AA), and tocopherol was determined in 60 leisure athletes (age 46 ± 10 y, BMI 23.7 ± 2.0 kg ¥ m–2, VO2max 39.4 ± 6.5 ml ¥ min–1 ¥ kg–1), who completed a 100-km walking race. Vitamin plasma levels and activities of erythrocyte transketolase (ETK) and glutathione reductase (EGR) were measured before start, immediately after finishing and 6 hours later. The participators finished the entire distance in 14.25 h (average speed 7 km¥h–1). Before start, all participators showed an excellent vitamin status (prevalences of low vitamin status ranged between 1.7 and 1.8%). Plasma tocopherol concentrations correlated significantly with increased age (r = 0.35, p = 0.008). Compared to the values before start, plasma concentrations of B1 and B2 as well as ETK and/or EGR were increased significantly after finishing. The raised levels persisted 6 hours after finishing, whereas AA remained unaltered. The univariate analysis of variance revealed that the change in vitamin status after finish and 6 hours later was in part highly dependent on age, BMI and the level of physical fitness. Despite the long distance, the extensive character of the 100-km walking with its low intensity did not deteriorate the measured indicators of vitamin status.
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Kirichenko, N. N., and A. A. Novitsky. "Assessment of Micronutrient Status of Conscripts in Arctic Zone of Russian Federation." Disaster Medicine, no. 4 (December 2020): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33266/2070-1004-2020-4-42-47.
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The aim of the study is to assess the micronutrient status in the autumn and winter periods of conscripted military personnel serving in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (Arctic); to perform a comparative analysis of the laboratory and clinical methods used to determine micronutrient insufficiency. Materials and methods of research. The study involved 154 conscripts (all male) aged 18-25 years, healthy, service experience in the Arctic – from 4 months. In the autumn (2 points) and spring (one point) phases the following issues were studied: a set of physical health indicators; laboratory indicators of 8 vitamins (A, E, D, C, B1, B2, B12, folic acid) and 8 minerals (Fe, Ca, P, Co, Mn, Cu, Se, Cr) in the blood; symptoms of vitamin deficiency. The state of health, physical fitness, morbidity and hospitalization of the subjects were evaluated. Research results and their analysis. Data were obtained on the prevalence of hidden (subclinical) forms of vitamin deficiency, including more than 50% – for folic acid, vitamins A, E, D, C, as well as all the studied minerals - in the autumn-winter period, which is more dangerous in terms of the incidence of respiratory infections in organized contingents. The classical view of the prevalence of hypovitaminosis in the spring was revised, which was only partially confirmed for vitamins C and B1. It was found that the classical methods of diagnosis based on clinical symptoms used to determine manifest forms of hypo-and avitaminosis are ineffective for early detection of subclinical forms (prehypovitaminosis). The necessity is substantiated of wider implementation of modern means of laboratory diagnostics of micronutrient deficiency in the body using a proven method of freezing transported samples in combination with already used hygienic methods.
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Kurmacheva, N. A., I. E. Rogozhina, Yu V. Chernenkov, and O. S. Panina. "Efficacy of Elevit® Vitamin-Mineral Complex Pronatal from early pregnancy for improvement of obstetric and perinatal outcomes." Gynecology 20, no. 4 (August 15, 2018): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/2079-5696_2018.4.19-25.
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The goal is to justify the principles of prevention and correction of micronutrient deficiency in mother and child on the basis of a comparative analysis of the health status of pregnant women and newborns in different conditions of provision with vitamins and minerals. Materials and methods. A comparative analysis of the clinical and biochemical results of a survey of 376 mothers and their children in the period of newborns. The study of the content of the main micronutrients in the blood and breast milk, ioduria in mothers, comparison obstetric and perinatal outcomes depending on the availability of women with vitamins and microelements during pregnancy. Results. Data on high frequency of polyhypovitaminosis (72.6%), hypo-microelementosis (19.4-45.2%), iodine deficiency in pregnant women, low concentration vitamins A, B1, B2, C, b-carotenoids, iodine, iron, zinc, selenium in breast milk in lactating, not receiving vitamin-mineral preparations. It is proved that the intake of women from the early stages of pregnancy is a balanced vitamin-mineral complex Elevat® Pronatal and potassium iodide at a dose of 250 mcg/day normalizes their micronutrient supply and significantly reduces the incidence of complications pregnancy, delivery in mothers, diseases and pathological conditions in newborns (in 1.3-3 times, p
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Ehmedah, Adil, Predrag Nedeljkovic, Sanja Dacic, Jelena Repac, Biljana Draskovic Pavlovic, Dragana Vucevic, Sanja Pekovic, and Biljana Bozic Nedeljkovic. "Vitamin B Complex Treatment Attenuates Local Inflammation after Peripheral Nerve Injury." Molecules 24, no. 24 (December 17, 2019): 4615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24244615.
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Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) leads to a series of cellular and molecular events necessary for axon regeneration and reinnervation of target tissues, among which inflammation is crucial for the orchestration of all these processes. Macrophage activation underlies the pathogenesis of PNI and is characterized by morphological/phenotype transformation from proinflammatory (M1) to an anti-inflammatory (M2) type with different functions in the inflammatory and reparative process. The aim of this study was to evaluate influence of the vitamin B (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, and B12) complex on the process of neuroinflammation that is in part regulated by l-type CaV1.2 calcium channels. A controlled transection of the motor branch of the femoral peripheral nerve was used as an experimental model. Animals were sacrificed after 1, 3, 7, and 14 injections of vitamin B complex. Isolated nerves were used for immunofluorescence analysis. Treatment with vitamin B complex decreased expression of proinflammatory and increased expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines, thus contributing to the resolution of neuroinflammation. In parallel, B vitamins decreased the number of M1 macrophages that expressed the CaV1.2 channel, and increased the number of M2 macrophages that expressed this channel, suggesting their role in M1/M2 transition after PNI. In conclusion, B vitamins had the potential for treatment of neuroinflammation and neuroregeneration and thereby might be an effective therapy for PNI in humans.
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Kuwaki, Shinsuke, Nobuyoshi Nakajima, Hidehiko Tanaka, and Kohji Ishihara. "Plant-based Paste Fermented by Lactic Acid Bacteria and Yeast: Functional Analysis and Possibility of Application to Functional Foods." Biochemistry Insights 5 (January 2012): BCI.S10529. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/bci.s10529.
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A plant-based paste fermented by lactic acid bacteria and yeast (fermented paste) was made from various plant materials. The paste was made of fermented food by applying traditional food-preservation techniques, that is, fermentation and sugaring. The fermented paste contained major nutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids), 18 kinds of amino acids, and vitamins (vitamin A, B1 B2, B6, B12, E, K, niacin, biotin, pantothenic acid, and folic acid). It contained five kinds of organic acids, and a large amount of dietary fiber and plant phytochemicals. Sucrose from brown sugar, used as a material, was completely resolved into glucose and fructose. Some physiological functions of the fermented paste were examined in vitro. It was demonstrated that the paste possessed antioxidant, antihypertensive, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergy and anti-tyrosinase activities in vitro. It was thought that the fermented paste would be a helpful functional food with various nutrients to help prevent lifestyle diseases.
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Ortega, RM, MC Mena, M. Faci, JF Santana, and L. Serra-Majem. "Vitamin status in different groups of the Spanish population: a meta-analysis of national studies performed between 1990 and 1999." Public Health Nutrition 4, no. 6a (April 1, 2001): 1325–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2001210.
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AbstractObjective:Studies performed on the nutritional status of the Spanish population have been very heterogeneous with respect to methodology, sample size, geographical location, socio-economic level and health status of the subjects involved. In order to gain an overall view of the state of knowledge in this area, a meta-analysis was performed on the results of all such studies undertaken in Spain between 1990 and 1999.Results:The dietetic data reviewed showed mean intakes similar to those recommended. The results obtained for the biochemical parameters analysed were within normal limits. However, results for some vitamins were very close to the lower established limits for the reference intervals (recommended intakes or blood levels), meaning that a variable percentage of subjects show values lower than those recommended. The percentage of subjects with intakes below those recommended for niacin, vitamin B12 and C was small. The percentage of inadequate intakes of thiamine and riboflavin was small as well. However, for all other vitamins, especially D and E, the number of people with intakes below recommended was rather high, particularly so in some studies. At blood level, deficiencies of vitamins B12, A and E were infrequent. However, for all other vitamins, prevalence of deficiency varied within a wide range. With respect to vitamins D, B1, B2 and B6, over 50% of the population showed inadequate levels.Conclusions:The methodologies used in the studies included in this review were very varied and the knowledge gained is still incomplete. Despite the average Spanish diet often being regarded as satisfactory, this review and other studies show the situation can be improved.
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Porada, Radosław, and Bogusław Baś. "Separation of the overlapped vitamin B1 and B3 voltammetric peaks by means of Continuous Wavelet Transform and differentiation." Monatshefte für Chemie - Chemical Monthly 152, no. 9 (June 22, 2021): 1107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00706-021-02788-6.
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AbstractDue to the indubitable role of vitamins in maintaining human health, a lot of attention has been paid to the methods and analytical procedures of their determination. Voltammetric methods are of particular interest as they do not involve complex sample preparation, however, close values of the redox potential of some vitamins may result in peak overlapping, hindering the quantitative analysis. This paper addresses the separation of overlapped reduction peak of vitamins B1 and B3 by means of Continuous Wavelet Transform (with appropriately selected mother wavelets) and differentiation of the recorded voltammograms. These numerical algorithms allowed to obtained linear, single-variable calibration functions that comply with the applied in analytical chemistry criteria regarding the correlation coefficients and the limit of detection and quantification. Their relatively simple implementation does not include any manual interpretation step; thus, these algorithms provide impartial and reproducible results. The proposed methodology has been applied in the determination of vitamins B1 and B3 in dietary supplements, providing results consistent with the declaration of the manufacturer. Graphic abstract
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Lee, Chang-Muk, Young-Seok Lee, Su-Yeon Kim, Joon-Soo Sim, Sang-Hong Yoon, Parthiban Subramanian, Donghern Kim, and Bum-Soo Hahn. "Identification and functional analysis of vitamin B1 riboswitch from the metagenome of sun-dried saline soil." Journal of the Korean Society of International Agricultue 29, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.12719/ksia.2017.29.1.70.
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Strobbe, Simon, Jana Verstraete, Christophe Stove, and Dominique Van Der Straeten. "Metabolic engineering provides insight into the regulation of thiamin biosynthesis in plants." Plant Physiology 186, no. 4 (May 4, 2021): 1832–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiab198.
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Abstract Thiamin (or thiamine) is a water-soluble B-vitamin (B1), which is required, in the form of thiamin pyrophosphate, as an essential cofactor in crucial carbon metabolism reactions in all forms of life. To ensure adequate metabolic functioning, humans rely on a sufficient dietary supply of thiamin. Increasing thiamin levels in plants via metabolic engineering is a powerful strategy to alleviate vitamin B1 malnutrition and thus improve global human health. These engineering strategies rely on comprehensive knowledge of plant thiamin metabolism and its regulation. Here, multiple metabolic engineering strategies were examined in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. This was achieved by constitutive overexpression of the three biosynthesis genes responsible for B1 synthesis, HMP-P synthase (THIC), HET-P synthase (THI1), and HMP-P kinase/TMP pyrophosphorylase (TH1), either separate or in combination. By monitoring the levels of thiamin, its phosphorylated entities, and its biosynthetic intermediates, we gained insight into the effect of either strategy on thiamin biosynthesis. Moreover, expression analysis of thiamin biosynthesis genes showed the plant’s intriguing ability to respond to alterations in the pathway. Overall, we revealed the necessity to balance the pyrimidine and thiazole branches of thiamin biosynthesis and assessed its biosynthetic intermediates. Furthermore, the accumulation of nonphosphorylated intermediates demonstrated the inefficiency of endogenous thiamin salvage mechanisms. These results serve as guidelines in the development of novel thiamin metabolic engineering strategies.
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Alagbe, J.O. "Chemical evaluation of proximate, vitamin and amino acid profile of leaf, stem bark and root of indigofera tinctoria." International Journal on Integrated Education 3, no. 10 (October 15, 2020): 150–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i10.708.
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Medicinal plants contain substances with high therapeutic value because they contain multiple bioactive chemicals. Chemical analysis of Indigofera tinctoria leaves, stem bark and roots was evaluated. The result revealed that proximate composition of Indigofera tinctoria leaves contained 12.49 % moisture content (M.C), 87.51 % dry matter (DM), 30.53 % crude protein (CP), 19.02 % crude fibre (CF), 2.44 % ether extract (EE), 13.86 % ash, 36.59 % carbohydrate (CHO) and 254.1 kcal/100g energy (ME). Indigofera tinctoria stem bark contained M.C (6.40 %), DM (93.60 %), CP (5.11 %), CF (54.49 %), EE (2.00 %), ash (10.42 %), CHO (29.98 %) and ME (156.0 kcal/100g). Indigofera tinctoria roots contained MC, DM, CP, CF, EE, ash, CHO and ME at 10.04 %, 89.60 %, 8.22 %, 40.88 %, 1.21 %, 8.43 %, 42.47 % and 210.0 kcal/100g respectively. Vitamin analysis showed that Indigofera tinctoria leaves, stem bark and roots contained β- carotene (8.45, 2.88 and 5.11 mg/100 g), Vitamin B1 (1.94, 0.33 and 1.00 mg/100 g), Vitamin B2 (0.71, 0.21 and 0.50 mg/100 g), Vitamin B3 (0.66, 0.34 and 0.48 mg/100 g), Vitamin B6 (0.32, 0.21 and 0.30 mg/100 g), Vitamin B7 (0.63, 0.01 and 0.16 mg/100 g), Vitamin B9 (0.26, 0.10 and 0.18 mg/100 g), Vitamin B12 (0.21, 0.03 and 0.10 mg/100 g), Vitamin C (14.0, 3.56 and 9.44 mg/100 g), Vitamin D (0.10, 0.01 and 0.06 mg/100 g) and Vitamin K (0.17, 0.07 and 0.12 mg/100 g). Amino acid analysis revealed the presence of threonine, leucine, lysine, valine, tryptophan, glycine, phenylalanine, histidine, methionine, alanine, serine, proline, aspartate, glutamic acid, tryrosine and cysteine in Indigofera tinctoria leaves, stem bark and roots at (7.65 %, 1.22 % and 3.03 %), (5.76, 1.09 % and 2.46 %), (3.11 %, 1.21% and 2.00 %), (7.21 %, 3.53 % and 4.09 %), (1.45%, 0.03% and 1.00 %), (4.76 %, 0.08 % and 2.33 %), (6.33 %, 2.45 % and 3.49 %), (7.42 %, 2.00 % and 3.00 %), (3.49 %, 0.01 % and 2.00 %), (2.41 %, 0.56 % and 1.20 %), (5.23 %, 1.22 % and 1.76 %), (2.87 %, 0.57 % and 1.00 %), (5.32 %, 2.11 % and 3.56 %), (9.66 %, 4.21 % and 5.11 %), (2.45 %, 0.57 % and 1.67 %) and (1.85 %, 0.81 % and 0.89 %) respectively. It was concluded that Indigofera tinctoria leaves, stem bark and roots are loaded with significant quantity of nutrients, vitamins and amino acid (leaves ˃ roots ˃ stem bark).
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J.O, Alagbe. "Chemical Evaluation of Proximate, Vitamin and Amino Acid Profile of Leaf, Stem Bark and Root of Indigofera Tinctoria." Biomedical Research and Clinical Reviews 3, no. 1 (January 5, 2021): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2692-9406/026.
Full textAbstract:
Medicinal plants contain substances with high therapeutic value because they contain multiple bioactive chemicals. Chemical analysis of Indigofera tinctoria leaves, stem bark and roots was evaluated. The result revealed that proximate composition of Indigofera tinctoria leaves contained 12.49 % moisture content (M.C), 87.51 % dry matter (DM), 30.53 % crude protein (CP), 19.02 % crude fibre (CF), 2.44 % ether extract (EE), 13.86 % ash, 36.59 % carbohydrate (CHO) and 254.1 kcal/100g energy (ME). Indigofera tinctoria stem bark contained M.C (6.40 %), DM (93.60 %), CP (5.11 %), CF (54.49 %), EE (2.00 %), ash (10.42 %), CHO (29.98 %) and ME (156.0 kcal/100g). Indigofera tinctoria roots contained MC, DM, CP, CF, EE, ash, CHO and ME at 10.04 %, 89.60 %, 8.22 %, 40.88 %, 1.21 %, 8.43 %, 42.47 % and 210.0 kcal/100g respectively. Vitamin analysis showed that Indigofera tinctoria leaves, stem bark and roots contained β- carotene (8.45, 2.88 and 5.11 mg/100 g), Vitamin B1 (1.94, 0.33 and 1.00 mg/100 g), Vitamin B2 (0.71, 0.21 and 0.50 mg/100 g), Vitamin B3 (0.66, 0.34 and 0.48 mg/100 g), Vitamin B6 (0.32, 0.21 and 0.30 mg/100 g), Vitamin B7 (0.63, 0.01 and 0.16 mg/100 g), Vitamin B9 (0.26, 0.10 and 0.18 mg/100 g), Vitamin B12 (0.21, 0.03 and 0.10 mg/100 g), Vitamin C (14.0, 3.56 and 9.44 mg/100 g), Vitamin D (0.10, 0.01 and 0.06 mg/100 g) and Vitamin K (0.17, 0.07 and 0.12 mg/100 g). Amino acid analysis revealed the presence of threonine, leucine, lysine, valine, tryptophan, glycine, phenylalanine, histidine, methionine, alanine, serine, proline, aspartate, glutamic acid, tryrosine and cysteine in Indigofera tinctoria leaves, stem bark and roots at (7.65 %, 1.22 % and 3.03 %), (5.76, 1.09 % and 2.46 %), (3.11 %, 1.21% and 2.00 %), (7.21 %, 3.53 % and 4.09 %), (1.45%, 0.03% and 1.00 %), (4.76 %, 0.08 % and 2.33 %), (6.33 %, 2.45 % and 3.49 %), (7.42 %, 2.00 % and 3.00 %), (3.49 %, 0.01 % and 2.00 %), (2.41 %, 0.56 % and 1.20 %), (5.23 %, 1.22 % and 1.76 %), (2.87 %, 0.57 % and 1.00 %), (5.32 %, 2.11 % and 3.56 %), (9.66 %, 4.21 % and 5.11 %), (2.45 %, 0.57 % and 1.67 %) and (1.85 %, 0.81 % and 0.89 %) respectively. It was concluded that Indigofera tinctoria leaves, stem bark and roots are loaded with significant quantity of nutrients, vitamins and amino acid (leaves ˃ roots ˃ stem bark).