Relevant bibliographies by topics / Vitamin B6 – Physiological aspects

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Academic literature on the topic 'Vitamin B6 – Physiological aspects'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Vitamin B6 – Physiological aspects"

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Matte, J. J., A. Giguère, and C. L. Girard. "Some aspects of the pyridoxine (vitamin B6) requirement in weanling piglets." British Journal of Nutrition 93, no. 5 (May 2005): 723–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20051406.

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Four trials were carried out to determine the optimal level of dietary pyridoxine (vitamin B6) and its interaction with riboflavin (vitamin B2) in early-weaned piglets. In Trial 1, twelve piglets were tube-fed graded supplements of B6, 0, 10, 50 or 100 mg/kg. The level of 50 mg/kg maximized B6in red blood cells (P<0·05). In Trial 2, thirty-six piglets were tube-fed with four combinations of B6(0v. 50 mg/kg) and B2(0v. 25 mg/kg). The B6supplement increased (P<0·01) B6in red blood cells. C-peptide and insulin responses to intravenous glucose tended (P<0·08) to or decreased (P<0·03) with B2while no effect was observed on glucose. After gastro-enteral glucose, dietary B2depressed C-peptide and insulin responses in B6-unsupplemented piglets and increased them in B6-supplemented piglets (P<0·03). The glucose response tended to be higher in B6-supplemented piglets (P<0·06). Trials 3 and 4 were carried out in commercial conditions using either B6and/or B2supplements given during 2 weeks after weaning (Trial 3) or a B6supplement alone (50 mg/kg) given between 2 (weaning) and 10 weeks of age. Despite a marked and persistent increase (P<0·01) of B6in red blood cells in B6-supplemented piglets, the effect on growth performance was either none (P>0·39; Trial 3) or marginally lower (<−2 %;P<0·03; Trial 4). In conclusion, it appears that a dietary supplement of 50 mg/kg B6saturated the red blood cell pool in B6and influenced, along with B2, the glucose homeostasis through the entero-insular axis. Nevertheless, such metabolic effects are not reflected on growth performance.
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Bender, David A. "Non-nutritional uses of vitamin B6." British Journal of Nutrition 81, no. 1 (January 1999): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114599000082.

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Vitamin B6is a water-soluble vitamin, and is readily metabolized and excreted, so it has generally been assumed to have negligible toxicity, although at very high levels of intake it can cause peripheral nerve damage. Nutritional deficiency disease is extremely rare, although a significant proportion of the population shows biochemical evidence of inadequate status, despite apparently adequate levels of intake. The vitamin has been used to treat a wide variety of conditions, which may or may not be related to inadequate intake. In some conditions use of vitamin B6supplements has been purely empirical; in other conditions there is a reasonable physiological or metabolic mechanism to explain why supplements of the vitamin many times greater than average requirements may have therapeutic uses. However, even in such conditions there is little evidence of efficacy from properly conducted controlled trials.
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Qian, Bingjun, Shanqi Shen, Jianhua Zhang, and Pu Jing. "Effects of Vitamin B6 Deficiency on the Composition and Functional Potential of T Cell Populations." Journal of Immunology Research 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2197975.

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The immune system is critical in preventing infection and cancer, and malnutrition can weaken different aspects of the immune system to undermine immunity. Previous studies suggested that vitamin B6 deficiency could decrease serum antibody production with concomitant increase in IL4 expression. However, evidence on whether vitamin B6 deficiency would impair immune cell differentiation, cytokines secretion, and signal molecule expression involved in JAK/STAT signaling pathway to regulate immune response remains largely unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of vitamin B6 deficiency on the immune system through analysis of T lymphocyte differentiation, IL-2, IL-4, and INF-γsecretion, andSOCS-1andT-betgene transcription. We generated a vitamin B6-deficient mouse model via vitamin B6-depletion diet. The results showed that vitamin B6 deficiency retards growth, inhibits lymphocyte proliferation, and interferes with its differentiation. After ConA stimulation, vitamin B6 deficiency led to decrease in IL-2 and increase in IL-4 but had no influence on IFN-γ. Real-time PCR analysis showed that vitamin B6 deficiency downregulatedT-betand upregulatedSOCS-1transcription. This study suggested that vitamin B6 deficiency influenced the immunity in organisms. Meanwhile, the appropriate supplement of vitamin B6 could benefit immunity of the organism.
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Jakovljevic Uzelac, Jovana, Tatjana Djukic, Slavica Mutavdzin, Sanja Stankovic, Milica Labudovic Borovic, Jelena Rakocevic, Natasa Milic, et al. "The influence of subchronic co-application of vitamins B6 and folic acid on cardiac oxidative stress and biochemical markers in monocrotaline-induced heart failure in male Wistar albino rats." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 98, no. 2 (February 2020): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjpp-2019-0305.

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The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that subchronic co-application of vitamins B6 and folic acid (FA) could affect heart failure (HF) induced by monocrotaline (MCT), with the modulation of oxidative stress parameters and cardiometabolic biomarkers. Biochemical and histomorphometric analyses were assessed in blank solution-exposed controls (C1 physiological saline 1 mL/kg, 1 day, n = 8; C2 physiological saline 1 mL/kg, 28 days, n = 8), MCT-induced HF (MCT 50 mg/kg, n = 8), B6+FA (vitamin B6 7 mg·kg–1·day–1, FA 5 mg·kg–1·day–1; n = 8), and MCT+B6+FA (MCT 50 mg/kg, vitamin B6 7 mg·kg–1·day–1, FA 5 mg·kg–1·day–1; n = 8) in male Wistar albino rats (body mass 160 g at the start). Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities, thiol-, carbonyl groups, and nitrotyrosine were determined in cardiac tissue. Echocardiography was performed to confirm MCT-induced HF. The right ventricular wall hypertrophy, accompanied with significant increase of troponin T and preserved renal and liver function, has been shown in MCT-induced HF. However, these effects were not related to antioxidant effects of vitamin B6 and FA, since several parameters of oxidative stress were more pronounced after treatment. In this study, co-application of vitamins B6 and FA did not attenuate hypertrophy of the right ventricle wall but aggravated oxidative stress, which is involved in HF pathogenesis.
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Parra, Marcelina, Seth Stahl, and Hanjo Hellmann. "Vitamin B6 and Its Role in Cell Metabolism and Physiology." Cells 7, no. 7 (July 22, 2018): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells7070084.

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Vitamin B6 is one of the most central molecules in cells of living organisms. It is a critical co-factor for a diverse range of biochemical reactions that regulate basic cellular metabolism, which impact overall physiology. In the last several years, major progress has been accomplished on various aspects of vitamin B6 biology. Consequently, this review goes beyond the classical role of vitamin B6 as a cofactor to highlight new structural and regulatory information that further defines how the vitamin is synthesized and controlled in the cell. We also discuss broader applications of the vitamin related to human health, pathogen resistance, and abiotic stress tolerance. Overall, the information assembled shall provide helpful insight on top of what is currently known about the vitamin, along with addressing currently open questions in the field to highlight possible approaches vitamin B6 research may take in the future.
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Spasov, A. A., and Vadim A. Kosolapov. "THE APPLICATION OF MG-L-ASPARAGINATE AND COMBINATIONS OF MG SALTS WITH VITAMIN B6 IN MEDICINE." Medical Journal of the Russian Federation 23, no. 2 (April 15, 2017): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0869-2106-2017-23-2-89-95.

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The magnesium is one of the most important microelements, a universal regulator of biochemical and physiological processes. This microelement is a co-factor of enzymes and participates in energetic, plastic and electrolyte metabolism, in regulation of cell growth, synthesis of protein, etc. In many countries the magnesium deficiency is a burning problem. The medications of non-organic and organic salts of magnesium are used for supplying it. The efficient medications are such asparaginic salts of magnesium as magnesium DL-asparaginate, potassium and magnesium L-asparaginate and magnesium L-asparaginate hydrochloride. The other obligate factor is vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) that as magnesium plays important role in main processes of metabolism and benevolently effects the central nervous system. The vitamin B6 supports increasing absorption of magnesium in intestine ameliorates its transportation into cells and processes of intra-cellular accumulation and potentates pharmacological effects of magnesium. By-turn, magnesium supports activation of vitamin B6 in liver. Therefore, it is appropriate to apply jointly magnesium and vitamin B6.
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Clasen, Joanna L., Alicia K. Heath, Heleen Van Puyvelde, Inge Huybrechts, Jin Young Park, Pietro Ferrari, Mattias Johansson, et al. "A comparison of complementary measures of vitamin B6 status, function, and metabolism in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 114, no. 1 (April 7, 2021): 338–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqab045.

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ABSTRACT Background Vitamin B6 insufficiency has been linked to increased risk of cancer and other chronic diseases. The circulating concentration of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP) is a commonly used measure of vitamin B6 status. Ratios of substrates indicating PLP coenzymatic function and metabolism may be useful complementary measures to further explore the role of vitamin B6 in health. Objectives We explored the sensitivity of 5 outcomes, namely PLP concentration, homocysteine:cysteine (Hcy:Cys), cystathionine:cysteine (Cysta:Cys), the 3´-hydroxykynurenine ratio (HKr), and the 4-pyridoxic acid ratio (PAr) to vitamin B6 intake as well as personal and lifestyle characteristics. Medthods Dietary intake and biomarker data were collected from participants from 3 nested case-control studies within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Bayesian regression models assessed the associations of the 5 biomarker outcomes with vitamin B6 intake and personal and lifestyle covariates. Analogous models examined the relations of Hcy:Cys, Cysta:Cys, and HKr with PLP. Results In total, 4608 participants were included in the analyses. Vitamin B6 intake was most strongly associated with PLP, moderately associated with Hcy:Cys, Cysta:Cys, and HKr, and not associated with PAr (fold change in marker given a doubling of vitamin B6 intake: PLP 1.60 [95% credible interval (CrI): 1.50, 1.71]; Hcy:Cys 0.87 [95% CrI: 0.84, 0.90]; Cysta:Cys 0.89 [95% CrI: 0.84, 0.94]; HKr 0.88 [95% CrI: 0.85, 0.91]; PAr 1.00 [95% CrI: 0.95, 1.05]). PAr was most sensitive to age, and HKr was least sensitive to BMI and alcohol intake. Sex and menopause status were strongly associated with all 5 markers. Conclusions We found that 5 different markers, capturing different aspects of vitamin B6–related biological processes, varied in their associations with vitamin B6 intake and personal and lifestyle predictors.
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ELLIS, JOHN MARION, and KARL FOLKERS. "Clinical Aspects of Treatment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome with Vitamin B6." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 585, no. 1 Vitamin B6 (May 1990): 302–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb28063.x.

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OLLILAINEN, V. M. "HPLC analysis of vitamin B6 in foods." Agricultural and Food Science 8, no. 6 (January 6, 1999): 515–619. http://dx.doi.org/10.23986/afsci.5632.

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The objective of this work was to evaluate the methods for determination of vitamin B6 in foods. To achieve this, the literature review focused on sample treatment and liquid chromatographic analysis of vitamin B6 related compounds. In the experimental part, the chosen sample pretreatment and the high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method were validated, and used to produce vitamin B6 data on various food items commonly consumed in Finland. The main emphasis of the sample treatment was on the extraction efficiency and the maintenance of the original concentration profile of the vitamers. Several acid extraction procedures were tested for this purpose. Perchloric acid was chosen as the extraction agent. Routine food analysis was then performed using dilute ice-cold perchloric acid extraction followed by an internally standardized ion-paired reversed-phase liquid chromatography. Food samples were hydrolyzed with takadiastase and alkaline phosphatase enzymes, phosphorylated and glycosylated vitamers were quantitated before and after the enzymatic digestion. This procedure enabled the extraction of vitamin B6 compounds in their intact forms, and the measurement of free, phosphorylated and glycosylated forms. The maintenance of the concentration profile of the vitamers was verified by using 14C -labeled pyridoxal 5'-phosphate in the examination of the extraction procedure. The extraction efficiency and laboratory performance were confirmed by interlaboratory studies. Up-to-date data on vitamin B6 content of about fifty common food items was produced. The data includes the results from meat and poultry, fish and fish product, dairy product, cereal and vegetable, and ready-to-eat food samples. Free and phosphorylated vitamin B6 compounds were measured in all food groups, and the glycosylated vitamer fraction was analyzed in all plant-derived foods. The results obtained in this work showed that vitamin B6 content of nearly all foods of plant origin was mainly comprised of glycosidically bound pyridoxine derivatives. These bound analytes are normally not taken into account in traditional analytical methods, and food composition tables lack the data of glycosylated pyridoxine. The role of the glycosylated pyridoxines need to be clarified in terms of their analytical and physiological nature. If, as it is currently assumed, the availability of the bound forms is limited for humans, the role of vegetables, cereals and other foods of plant origin as a source of vitamin B6, as well as the analytical methods should be reassessed.;
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Haller. "The Vitamin Status and its Adequacy in the Elderly: An International Overview." International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 69, no. 3 (May 1, 1999): 160–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831.69.3.160.

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Age-related changes in nutrition can affect the nutritional status of the elderly in a number of ways. Food intake is affected by socio-economic, physiological and pathological factors. The major physiological age-related change is the decrease in the energy requirement due to a reduction in lean body mass and a reduction in physical activity leading to a compensatory decrease in macro- and micronutrient intake of approximately 30% by the age of 80 years. Morbidity and some types of medication, smoking and alcohol consumption also affect the absorption and metabolism of vitamins. The plasma levels of fat-soluble vitamins and carotenoids tend to increase with age with the exception of vitamin D, while certain water-soluble vitamin levels decrease, particularly vitamin B6 and vitamin B12. Many epidemiological studies have examined the vitamin intake and the plasma concentrations of large elderly populations in many regions of the world, but few have specifically determined the incidence of vitamin deficiencies. The criteria for defining deficiency varies between studies making it difficult to compare data from different studies. In the SENECA Study on European elderly evidence for biochemical vitamin deficiency was found in 47% for vitamin D, 23.3% for vitamin B6, 2.7% for vitamin B12 and 1.1% for vitamin E.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Vitamin B6 – Physiological aspects"

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McMahon, Jennifer A., and n/a. "The effect of homocysteine lowering vitamins on cognitive performance in older people : a randomised controlled trial." University of Otago. Department of Human Nutrition, 2006. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070426.154857.

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Background: Inverse associations have been reported between homocysteine concentrations and poor cognitive performance in several cross-sectional studies of healthy elderly subjects. Folate supplementation with or without vitamins B-12 and B-6 is an effective means of lowering homocysteine concentrations. Mood disturbances, from mild mood changes to clinical depression, are common in older populations. Several studies have shown that depressed people have lower levels of folate and vitamin B-12 and higher levels of homocysteine than non-depressed people. Improvement of mood has been reported in depressed people following supplementation with folic acid. Clinical trials are required to determine if lowering homocysteine concentration with vitamins improves cognitive function and/or mood in healthy elderly participants. Objective: The primary aim of this research project was to carry-out a 2 year randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to determine if a supplement containing folate (1mg L-Mefolinic acid), vitamin B-12 (500(mu)g) and vitamin B-6 (10mg) improves scores or prevents decline on tests of cognition in a group of healthy older people ([greater than or equal to]̲ 65 years) with a plasma homocysteine concentration [greater than or equal to]̲13 (mu)mol/L. A second aim of this study was to determine if homocysteine lowering vitamins improved scores on tests of mood in this group. Methods: Four hundred and sixty-five individuals, aged 65 and over, were recruited from Dunedin and surrounds, and asked to attend a screening clinic and provide a fasting blood sample. Two-hundred and seventy-six volunteers with a plasma homocysteine concentration [greater than or equal to]13(mu)mol/L were randomised to take either a combination of 1mg L-Mefolinic acid, 500(mu)g vitamin B-12 and 10mg vitamin B-6 or placebo for 2 years. A battery of cognitive tests and indices of mood was administered at baseline, one year, and two years. A fasting blood sample was collected at baseline and every six months thereafter. Results: From baseline to 6 months of the intervention, homocysteine concentrations decreased by 37.5%, from 16.7 to 10.5 (mu)mol/L in the vitamin supplemented group and then plateaued. In the vitamin supplemented group there was a 181% increase in red blood cell folate concentration from a mean of 977 to 2752 nmol/L, and a 90.1% increase in plasma vitamin B-12 (from a mean 283 to 538 (mu)mol/L) over the study period of two years. In the vitamin supplemented group there was a trend to poorer performance on almost all tests of cognition compared to placebo group. The vitamin group was 8% slower on Part B of the Reitan Trail Making Test, a test of speeded attention, mental tracking, visual search and mental flexibility (p=0.009). The vitamin group scored significantly lower on tests of short-term recall, Weschler Paragraphs (p=0.03) after 2 years, and the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test ((p=0.04) after one year, than the placebo group. There was no difference in mood score by treatment in this largely non-depressed group. Conclusion: These results suggest a detrimental effect of high dose homocysteine lowering vitamin supplements on cognitive function in healthy older people. These results need to be confirmed in other randomised controlled trials.
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Bhunthurat, Anurak. "The Vitamin B-6 Status of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500541/.

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The problem of this study is to determine the vitamin B-6 status of patients who have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Erythrocyte aspartate transaminase assay was the method for measuring vitamin B-6 status. The vitamin B-6 status was examined in thirty subjects (ten COPD subjects and twenty control subjects). An unpaired t-test was used to compare the vitamin B-6 status of the COPD group versus the control group. Four determinants (percentage stimulation, ratio of basal to stimulated activity, basal activity, and stimulated activity) were used to determine vitamin B-6 status in both groups of subjects. Percentage stimulation and ratio of basal to stimulated activity were not significantly different (control group versus COPD group) at the .05 level. However, two of ten COPD subjects had values for percentage stimulation that were two standard deviations above the mean, indicating a poor B-6 status. In contrast, basal activity and stimulated activity of erythrocyte aspartate transaminase were found to be significantly lower at the .05 level in the COPD group than the control group. Therefore, the COPD subjects as a group had some biochemical characteristics of a lower level of vitamin B-6 than the controls.
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Hoyeck, Edward. "The effects of moderate swimming exercise on immune system function in C57 BL/6(B6) mice /." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33288.

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The purpose of this study was to separate acute and chronic effects of moderate exercise on the immune system by analyzing three sets of experimental and control groups; (1) 72 hours, (2) 1 week, (3) 2 weeks post exercise. Mice swam 5 days per week for 3 weeks accumulating a total of 125, 225, and 225 minutes of exercise in weeks 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Moderate swimming exercise did not result in a significant increase in SDH levels (p > 0.05). There was no change in tissue cell responses as measured by mitogen responsiveness, nor in splenic and thymic cell counts in response to the training regimen at any time point (p ≥ 0.05). Total, CD4, CD8, and T cell counts in the lymph nodes were significantly suppressed at 72 hours and 2 weeks post exercise (p ≤ 0.05). It appears that chronic exercise resulted in an increased trafficking of lymphatic cells, which could be interpreted as a sign of heightened immune reactivity.
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Bryant, Rebecca Jane. "Effects of vitamins E and C on exercise-induced lipid peroxidation." Virtual Press, 1996. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1020147.

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The aim of this study was to examine whether vitamins E (200 IU) and C (1 g) in combination would influence exercise-induced lipid peroxidation to a greater extent than vitamin E (400 IU) alone. A placebo-controlled study was carried out on 7 collegiate cyclists who were supplemented with 1) vitamin C (1 g); 2) vitamins E (200 IU) and C (1 g); and vitamin E (400 IU) during 3 treatments, each 3 weeks in duration. The serum concentrations of hematocrit and MDA, one marker of lipid peroxidation, were measured immediately before, immediately after, and 24 hours after each exercise bout. After the vitamin C treatment, MDA serum concentration of the athletes (n=7) increased 85% above the baseline values of the placebo values, the vitamin E/C treatment showed a 29% increase, and the vitamin E treatment showed a 39% decrease. Pre- to post-exercise serum MDA levels increased 64% in the placebo group, a 29% increase in the vitamin C treatment group, a 23.2% increase in the vitamins E/C treatment group, and a 46.9% increase in the vitamin E treatment group. It is concluded that exercise-induced lipid peroxidation is more greatly influenced post-exercise by a combination of vitamins E (200 IU) and C (1 g), than by either vitamin C (1 g) alone, or vitamin E (400 IU) alone.
Department of Family and Consumer Sciences
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Avery, Neva G. "The effects of vitamin E supplementation on the recovery from repeated bouts of resistance exercise." Virtual Press, 2002. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1231405.

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The purpose of this study was to examine collegiate female swimmers' attitudes toward gender and coaching. The study also examined the coaching styles of male and females coaches and determined whether a difference between styles existed. A purposeful sample of 250 female swimmers from the Mid-American Conference (MAC) during the 2001-2002 swimming season participated in the study. Swimmers were required to have been coached by both female and male coaches in order to be eligible to participate. Addressing the purpose of this study, participants were asked to complete a 30-item questionnaire developed by the researcher. Frequency counts revealed that 23 of the 57 participants preferred a male coach to a female coach. Only two individuals reported their preference for a female with 32 participants citing no gender preference. Two sections, including 14 questions for each gender on the Gender Preference Instrument, assessed coaching style. Independent t -tests were calculated on each question (p < .05). Eight significant gender differences were observed on coaching styles, with the participating athletes scoring the male coach higher on all of the eight categories.
School of Physical Education
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Austin, Nicole. "Vitamin D, neuromuscular control and falling episodes in Australian postmenopausal women." University of Western Australia. School of Medicine and Pharmacology, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0009.

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Falls in the older population have devastating consequences on the psychological and physiological health of the individual. Due to the complexity of interacting factors associated with ageing, pathology and falling episodes, determination of a primary cause or set of causes has been difficult to establish. Deficits in components of neuromuscular control have been widely studied with the coordinated interaction of sensory and motor system components being presented as a fundamental factor in the reduction of falling episodes. A causal relationship between deficits in vitamin D status and falling episodes has also been suggested. Furthermore, a relationship between poor vitamin D status, falling episodes and poor neuromuscular performance has been reported. The aims of the current study were designed to advance understanding in three aspects of the problem of falls prevention. Firstly an examination of the reliability of testing procedures commonly used in assessment of falls risk was undertaken. The Physiological Profile Assessment (PPA) testing procedure was selected as a commonly used tool and the reliability of its various components (sensory, motor and balance) was undertaken as an independent assessment of this approach to assessing falls propensity. Secondly, a case control study of fallers and non fallers was undertaken in which the neuromuscular tests evaluated in the reliability study were used to assess differences in neuromuscular control. The influence of vitamin D status on these measures was also considered. Thirdly, a 12-month randomised controlled trial of vitamin D/calcium supplementation or placebo/calcium was undertaken to identify the effect on falls outcome and individual measures of neuromuscular control.
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Wanamaker, Scot E. "The effects of vitamin E supplementation and resistance training on muscle function in elderly subjects." Virtual Press, 2002. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1231404.

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Findings were that caregivers considered all items on the Information Needs and Patient Care Needs subscales to be important but most of the unmet needs were from the Patient Care subscale. The needs less satisfied in relation to importance were (a) ways to improve patient appearance, (b) activities that will make patient feel purposeful, (c) information on how to give medications, (d) ways to reassure patient, (e) ways of coping with patient's diagnosis, (f) ways to dress patient comfortably, (g) ways to deal with patient's decreased energy, and (h) importance of not leaving patient alone.The implications for nursing are to assess and anticipate the needs of the caregiver of the stroke survivor so that his or her needs can be met. Preparing caregivers for their new role by meeting their needs will help the nurse met the primary goal of helping the patient.
School of Physical Education
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Yianni, Yiannoula. "Aspects cinétiques des deux étapes de la réaction équilibrée entre les amino-acides (ou les céto-acides) et la forme aldéhydique (ou amine) du phosphate de la vitamine B6 : influence de la structure et de l'acidité, rôle catalytique des espèces complexées par les ions aluminium." Grenoble 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988GRE10041.

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Virk, Ricky S. "The effect of vitamin B-6 supplementation on fuel utilization and plasma amino acids during exhaustive endurance exercise in men." Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/27134.

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Previous studies suggest that vitamin B-6 supplementation can alter fuel metabolism during exercise and plasma amino acid levels at rest. To examine the effect of vitamin B-6 supplementation on plasma fuel substrates and amino acid levels during exercise, five trained males (age: 29±7; V0₂ max: 54.7±6.2 ml/kg/min) performed two separate submaximal, endurance, exercise tests on a cycle ergometer. Subjects were exercised to exhaustion at 74.5±7.8% V0₂ max in a fasted condition on the seventh morning of two separate nine day controlled diet periods. The first exercise test (T1) occurred following a control or non-supplemented (NS) diet (i.e. 1.9 mg B-6/day), and the second exercise test (T2) occurred following a vitamin B-6 supplemented (S) diet (i.e. 1.9 mg B-6/day + 20 mg PN/day). Blood was drawn pre, during (i.e. 60 minutes into exercise), post, and post-60 minutes of exercise, and plasma was analyzed for glucose, lactic acid, glycerol, free fatty acids (FFA), and amino acids. Expired air was collected for three minutes at 10 minute intervals during both tests. Although not statistically different, there were observed trends for higher mean lactate levels and lower mean glycerol and FFA levels in T2 (S) compared to T1 (NS). Mean lactate, glycerol, and FFA concentrations all changed statistically significantly over time in both exercise tests. Mean plasma tyrosine levels were significantly lower (p = 0.007) at post-60 minutes of exercise and mean plasma methionine levels were significantly lower (p = 0.03) at post-exercise in T2 relative to T1. Of the 13 amino acids quantitated, only alanine and histidine concentrations changed significantly over time. Although not statistically significant, mean respiratory exchange (R) values tended to be higher in T2 compared to T1. Mean oxygen consumption values were significantly higher (p = 0.02) during the first 10 minutes of exercise and at multiple later time points showed a trend for being higher in T2 compared to T1. No statistically significant differences were observed in subjects' performance times to exhaustion between T1 (1:35:49; hr:min:sec) and T2 (1:31:56). These results indicate that vitamin B-6 supplementation can potentially alter fuel metabolism and plasma amino acid levels during exhaustive endurance exercise; however, not to such a degree that one's endurance capacity is affected.
Graduation date: 1995
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Leonard, Scott W. "Plasma B-6 vitamer changes following a 50-km ultramarathon." Thesis, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/27656.

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Books on the topic "Vitamin B6 – Physiological aspects"

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Jean, Pamplin, ed. Vitamin B6 therapy. Garden City Park, N.Y: Avery Pub. Group, 1999.

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1941-, Leklem James E., and Reynolds Robert D. 1943-, eds. Clinical and physiological applications of vitamin B-6: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Vitamin B-6, held in Goslar-Hahnenklee, Germany, August 24-28, 1987. New York: Liss, 1988.

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Lorenc, R. S. Nutritional requirements for intestinal calcium and phosphate transport: Final annual report, July 1, 1985 - June 30, 1988. Warsaw, Poland: Hospital-Monument Child's Health Center, 1988.

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1945-, Korpela Timo, Christen Philipp 1937-, and International Union of Biochemistry, eds. Biochemistry of vitamin B6: Proceedings of the 7th International Congress on Chemical and Biological Aspects of Vitamin B6 Catalysis, held in Turku, Finland, June 22-26, 1987. Basel: Birkhäuser, 1987.

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Nancy, Bruning, and Cooney Craig, eds. Methylation miracle. New York: St. Martin's Paperbacks, 1999.

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Torshin, Ivan Y. Magnesium and pyridoxine: Fundamental studies and clinical practice. Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science Publishers, 2009.

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Combs, Gerald F. The vitamins: Fundamental aspects in nutrition and health. 3rd ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier Academic Press, 2008.

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The vitamins: Fundamental aspects in nutrition and health. 2nd ed. San Diego, Calif: Academic Press, 1998.

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The vitamins: Fundamental aspects in nutrition and health. San Diego, Calif: Academic Press, 1992.

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Jeffry, Herman, ed. Dark deception: The dangerous lies about sunlight, sunblock, and vitamin D supplements. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Vitamin B6 – Physiological aspects"

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Jansonius, J. N., M. G. Vincent, C. A. McPhalen, and D. Picot. "Spatial Aspects of Catalysis by Mitochondrial Aspartate Aminotransferase." In Biochemistry of Vitamin B6, 89–98. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9308-4_16.

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Ball, G. F. M. "Physiological aspects of vitamin bioavailability." In Bioavailability and Analysis of Vitamins in Foods, 1–31. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3414-7_1.

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Bender, David A. "Nutritional aspects of vitamin B6: requirements, recommendations and intake." In Biochemistry of Vitamin B6 and PQQ, 305–9. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7393-2_49.

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Rucker, Robert, Tracy Stites, Francene Steinberg, and Alyson Mitchell. "Physiological Importance of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone." In Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Vitamin B6 and PQQ-dependent Proteins, 61–66. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8397-9_10.

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Greenaway, Frederick T., Chunyan Qiu, and Faina Ryvkin. "Structural Aspects of Lysyl Oxidase." In Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Vitamin B6 and PQQ-dependent Proteins, 97–100. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8397-9_16.

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Imagawa, Masaki. "Megavitamin Therapy (Coenzyme Q10 and Vitamin B6) in Alzheimer’s Disease and Senile Dementia of Alzheimer Type." In Basic, Clinical, and Therapeutic Aspects of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases, 489–91. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5847-3_99.

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H. Al-Shekaili, Hilal, Clara van Karnebeek, and Blair R. Leavitt. "Vitamin B6 and Related Inborn Errors of Metabolism." In B-Complex Vitamins - Sources, Intakes and Novel Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99751.

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Abstract:
Vitamin B6 (vitB6) is a generic term that comprises six interconvertible pyridine compounds. These vitB6 compounds (also called vitamers) are pyridoxine (PN), pyridoxamine (PM), pyridoxal (PL) and their 5′-phosphorylated forms pyridoxine 5′-phosphate (PNP), pyridoxamine 5′-phosphate (PMP) and pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP). VitB6 is an essential nutrient for all living organisms, but only microorganisms and plants can carry out de novo synthesis of this vitamin. Other organisms obtain vitB6 from dietary sources and interconvert its different forms according to their needs via a biochemical pathway known as the salvage pathway. PLP is the biologically active form of vitB6 which is important for maintaining the biochemical homeostasis of the body. In the human body, PLP serves as a cofactor for more than 140 enzymatic reactions, mainly associated with synthesis, degradation and interconversion of amino acids and neurotransmitter metabolism. PLP-dependent enzymes are also involved in various physiological processes, including biologically active amine biosynthesis, lipid metabolism, heme synthesis, nucleic acid synthesis, protein and polyamine synthesis and several other metabolic pathways. PLP is an important vitamer for normal brain function since it is required as a coenzyme for the synthesis of several neurotransmitters including D-serine, D-aspartate, L-glutamate, glycine, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), serotonin, epinephrine, norepinephrine, histamine and dopamine. Intracellular levels of PLP are tightly regulated and conditions that disrupt this homeostatic regulation can cause disease. In humans, genetic and dietary (intake of high doses of vitB6) conditions leading to increase in PLP levels is known to cause motor and sensory neuropathies. Deficiency of PLP in the cell is also implicated in several diseases, the most notable example of which are the vitB6-dependent epileptic encephalopathies. VitB6-dependent epileptic encephalopathies (B6EEs) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of rare inherited metabolic disorders. These debilitating conditions are characterized by recurrent seizures in the prenatal, neonatal, or postnatal period, which are typically resistant to conventional anticonvulsant treatment but are well-controlled by the administration of PN or PLP. In addition to seizures, children affected with B6EEs may also suffer from developmental and/or intellectual disabilities, along with structural brain abnormalities. Five main types of B6EEs are known to date, these are: PN-dependent epilepsy due to ALDH7A1 (antiquitin) deficiency (PDE-ALDH7A1) (MIM: 266100), hyperprolinemia type 2 (MIM: 239500), PLP-dependent epilepsy due to PNPO deficiency (MIM: 610090), hypophosphatasia (MIM: 241500) and PLPBP deficiency (MIM: 617290). This chapter provides a review of vitB6 and its different vitamers, their absorption and metabolic pathways in the human body, the diverse physiological roles of vitB6, PLP homeostasis and its importance for human health. Finally, the chapter reviews the inherited neurological disorders affecting PLP homeostasis with a special focus on vitB6-dependent epileptic encephalopathies (B6EEs), their different subtypes, the pathophysiological mechanism underlying each type, clinical and biochemical features and current treatment strategies.
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Dalto, Danyel Bueno, and Jean-Jacques Matte. "Nutrigenomic aspects of dietary pyridoxine (vitamin B6) and selenium interaction and their implications in reproduction." In Molecular Nutrition, 131–51. Elsevier, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-811907-5.00015-4.

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