Relevant bibliographies by topics / Vitamin C – Physiological effect

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Academic literature on the topic 'Vitamin C – Physiological effect'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Vitamin C – Physiological effect"

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Doseděl, Martin, Eduard Jirkovský, Kateřina Macáková, Lenka Krčmová, Lenka Javorská, Jana Pourová, Laura Mercolini, Fernando Remião, Lucie Nováková, and Přemysl Mladěnka. "Vitamin C—Sources, Physiological Role, Kinetics, Deficiency, Use, Toxicity, and Determination." Nutrients 13, no. 2 (February 13, 2021): 615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13020615.

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Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) has been known as an antioxidant for most people. However, its physiological role is much larger and encompasses very different processes ranging from facilitation of iron absorption through involvement in hormones and carnitine synthesis for important roles in epigenetic processes. Contrarily, high doses act as a pro-oxidant than an anti-oxidant. This may also be the reason why plasma levels are meticulously regulated on the level of absorption and excretion in the kidney. Interestingly, most cells contain vitamin C in millimolar concentrations, which is much higher than its plasma concentrations, and compared to other vitamins. The role of vitamin C is well demonstrated by miscellaneous symptoms of its absence—scurvy. The only clinically well-documented indication for vitamin C is scurvy. The effects of vitamin C administration on cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infections are rather minor or even debatable in the general population. Vitamin C is relatively safe, but caution should be given to the administration of high doses, which can cause overt side effects in some susceptible patients (e.g., oxalate renal stones). Lastly, analytical methods for its determination with advantages and pitfalls are also discussed in this review.
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Nikolaidis, Michalis G., Chad M. Kerksick, Manfred Lamprecht, and Steven R. McAnulty. "Does Vitamin C and E Supplementation Impair the Favorable Adaptations of Regular Exercise?" Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2012 (2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/707941.

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The detrimental outcomes associated with unregulated and excessive production of free radicals remains a physiological concern that has implications to health, medicine and performance. Available evidence suggests that physiological adaptations to exercise training can enhance the body’s ability to quench free radicals and circumstantial evidence exists to suggest that key vitamins and nutrients may provide additional support to mitigate the untoward effects associated with increased free radical production. However, controversy has risen regarding the potential outcomes associated with vitamins C and E, two popular antioxidant nutrients. Recent evidence has been put forth suggesting that exogenous administration of these antioxidants may be harmful to performance making interpretations regarding the efficacy of antioxidants challenging. The available studies that employed both animal and human models provided conflicting outcomes regarding the efficacy of vitamin C and E supplementation, at least partly due to methodological differences in assessing oxidative stress and training adaptations. Based on the contradictory evidence regarding the effects of higher intakes of vitamin C and/or E on exercise performance and redox homeostasis, a permanent intake of non-physiological dosages of vitamin C and/or E cannot be recommended to healthy, exercising individuals.
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Dawood, Tamara N. "Effect of vitamin C and/or vitamin B complex intake on some productive, physiological and reproductive traits in the female rabbits." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 39, no. 1 (June 4, 2015): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v39i1.188.

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The aim of this work was to establish the vital role of using vitamin B complex and/or vitamin C in the reproduction. Twenty female rabbits were used and they were divided randomly into four equal groups, all animals were fed 100 g of concentrate pellets diet/ head. The first group was offered drinking water free of vitamins, (control group), second group was supplied with water containing vitamin C (40 mg/ 100ml water/ head), third group was supplied with water containing vitamin B complex (0.5 ml/100ml/head), and fourth group was water supplied containing 20 mg of vitamin C and 0.25 ml of vitamin B complex/100 ml water/head. At the beginning of the experiment, male rabbits were introduced to the females for mating for one hour at morning daily for two weeks before the food and water were supplied. The results revealed that, body weight of all groups increased progressively with age. The treated groups gained insignificantly more than the control group, the second and fourth group showed higher but insignificant. In second and third group caused significant increase in PCV, Hb, WBCs, lymphocyte percentage and decrease in neutrophil, monocyte and eosinophil percentages compared with the control group. However, blood glucose and serum cholesterol levels were significantly decreased (P<0.05) in second and fourth group when compared with first group. While vitamins groups caused insignificant increase in alkaline phosphatase activity enzyme. However, the treated groups showed significantly higher fertility rate and reproductive efficiency ratio compared with the control group and numerically higher in prolificacy ratio (%). But third and fourth group showed better prolificacy and reproductive efficiency ratio than the second group
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Schümann. "Interactions Between Drugs and Vitamins at Advanced Age." International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 69, no. 3 (May 1, 1999): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831.69.3.173.

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Drug consumption increases at advanced age due to increased morbidity. At the same time the state of repletion is reduced for several vitamins. Physiological and kinetic alterations in the elderly are reviewed in order to analyse possible interrelations between these two phenomena. At high age the status of all vitamins is compromised by reduced food intake. Decreased active intestinal transport and an increased propensity for atrophic gastritis may reduce the absorption of vitamins A, B1, folate and B12. Decreased exposure to sunlight and reduced cutaneous synthesis impair the vitamin D status. Studies on the state of vitamin repletion in hospital patients indicate a specific response of vitamins A, B1, B6 and C to drug administration at advanced age. Reduced food intake in the elderly is further compromised by drugs that impair appetite and absorption. Anticonvulsives and other drugs that induce hepatic microsomal enzymes accelerate vitamin D metabolism and aggravate postmenopausal osteoporosis. Acid inhibiting agents increase achlorhydria and reduce vitamin B12 absorption. Renal clearance of acidic drugs such as acetylsalicylic acid and barbituric acid, which is impaired at high age, is further reduced by high doses of vitamin C. Vitamin B6 reduces the therapeutic effect of L-dopa. When recognised, the negative effects of drug-vitamin interactions can be compensated by adequate vitamin supplementation and by adaptation of drug dosing.
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Ajakaiye, Joachim Joseph, Alcides Perez-Bello, and Angel Mollineda-Trujillo. "Impact of Vitamins C and E Dietary Supplementation on Leukocyte Profile of Layer Hens Exposed to High Ambient Temperature and Humidity." Acta Veterinaria Brno 79, no. 3 (2010): 377–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb201079030377.

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A 30-day experiment involving 720 White Leghorn layer hens was carried out to evaluate the effects of vitamins C and E on leukocyte and heterophil/lymphocytes ratios of the layer hens during the natural summer conditions. The birds were divided into 4 groups, one control with basal diet and three experimental with diet supplemented with vitamin C, vitamin E, or combination of both vitamins. Each group was divided into 4 subgroups. Exposure of layer hens to 31 ± 3 °C and 33 ± 0 °C ambient temperature and 84.6% and 81.5% relative humidity during the experiment caused an increase in the value of temperature humidity index of 15.5 above the threshold value of 70 established for this species. Total white blood cells, lymphocytes, and eosinophil levels were significantly (p < 0.001) higher in all treated groups compared to control. Similarly, heterophil/lymphocyte ratios of 0.51, 0.52, and 0.50 for groups with diet supplemented with vitamin C, vitamin E and vitamins C + E, respectively, were significantly (p < 0.001) lower compared to 0.59 recorded in the control group. However, heterophil, basophil and monocyte values were significantly (p < 0.001) higher in the control group compared to all treated groups. The results of the present study showed that dietary supplementation of vitamins C and E, or their combination, reduces the harmful effect of high ambient temperature and humidity on the leukocyte indicators of exposed layer hens, thereby alleviating the stress imposed on their thermoregulatory mechanism and physiological status.
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Sathler, Plínio, André Lourenço, Max Saito, Ana Arêas, Carlos Rodrigues, Lúcio Cabral, Helena Castro, and Hye Kang. "The antihemostatic profile of vitamin C: Mechanisms that underlie the technical application of a physiological molecule." Archives of Biological Sciences 68, no. 2 (2016): 325–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs150413024s.

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The potential of antioxidants as tools for lowering the incidence of diseases, including cardiovascular events, is of growing interest. Some antioxidants (e.g. vitamin E and acetyl-salicylic acid) have been described as effective on cardiovascular diseases with mechanisms that differ from other scavenging agents. Currently, vitamin C is used to open occluded long-term central venous catheters, which avoids the process of reinserting a new one and injuring the patient. In this work, we investigated the vitamin C antihemostatic profile by evaluating its effects on the coagulation process. We used different assays, including prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), thrombin time (TT) and ancrod time tests. We also examined the overall pH disturbance caused by vitamin C at different concentrations and its effect on the thrombin-initiated fibrin polymerization assay. Our results revealed a significant anticoagulant activity of vitamin C at high plasma concentrations (surpassing the normal 100 ?mol/L ratio) in a cell-independent mechanism. Our results suggest that vitamin C may affect blood coagulation by a direct impairment of fibrin assembly and further formation of a cohesive clot microstructure. This study supports the literature that points to the antihemostatic ability of antioxidant agents, and clarifies the mechanism of vitamin C in opening occluded long-term central venous catheters.
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Zakić, Tamara, Marta Budnar, Anđelika Kalezić, Aleksandra Korać, Aleksandra Janković, and Bato Korać. "Vitamin C biochemistry: From scurvy to COVID-19 treatment." Hrana i ishrana 61, no. 2 (2020): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/hraish2002059z.

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The story of vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) as an antioxidant and a cofactor in numerous biochemical reactions is a part of its long history and it is well known today. However, many questions of its mechanism of action and the benefits that it has on human health are still emerging. This applies not only to the recommended doses but also to the route of its administration. Besides, there are numerous questions about the therapeutic efficacy of vitamin C in various human (infectious) diseases, as well as its immune system function and antiviral potential. The fact that vitamin C can act as a reductant (antioxidant) and a prooxidant further emphasizes its oxidation-reduction (redox) potential in real physiological conditions. Today, the question of the intravenous administration of vitamin C effect in patients with SARS-CoV-2 requires special attention. This review aims to showcase known facts about vitamin C and its mechanisms of action to better understand the current new challenges related to vitamin C.
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Pavlovic, Voja, and M. Sarac. "A short overview of vitamin C and selected cells of the immune system." Open Medicine 6, no. 1 (February 1, 2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11536-010-0066-x.

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AbstractVitamin C (ascorbic acid) is an essential water-soluble nutrient that primarily exerts its effect on a host defense mechanisms and immune homeostasis and is the most important physiological antioxidant. Stable intake of vitamin C is essential for life in humans because the body does not synthesize it. Even the numerous studies have demonstrated that vitamin C supplementation stimulates the immune system, prevents DNA damage and significantly decreases the risk of a wide range of pathologies; the potential protective mechanisms are still largely unknown. This review summarizes the recently known facts about the role of vitamin C on the selected cells of the immune system and potential molecular mechanisms involved. Further, in this review, many new data about the positive effects of vitamin C on the immune system, potential toxicological effects, vitamin C supplementation in disease development, as well as some proposed mechanisms of vitamin C activity, are discussed.
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Hemilä, Harri. "Vitamin C intake and susceptibility to the common cold." British Journal of Nutrition 77, no. 1 (January 1997): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114500002889.

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Although the role of vitamin C in common cold incidence had been studied extensively, the level of vitamin C intake has not been unequivocally shown to affect the incidence of colds. In the present study the six largest vitamin C supplementation (≥ 1 g/d) studies, including over 5000 episodes in all, have been analysed, and it is shown that common cold incidence is not reduced in the vitamin C-supplemented groups compared with the placebo groups (pooled rate ratio (RR) 0·99; 95% CI 0·93, 1·04). Consequently these six major studies give no evidence that high-dose vitamin C supplementation decreases common cold incidence in ordinary people. Nevertheless, the analysis was continued with the hypothesis that vitamin C intake may affect common cold susceptibility in specific groups of people. It was assumed that the potential effect of supplementation might be most conspicuous in subjects with low dietary vitamin C intake. The average vitamin C intake has been rather low in the UK and plasma vitamin C concentrations are in general lower in males than in females. In four studies with British females vitamin C supplementation had no marked effect on common cold incidence (pooled RR 0·95; 95% CI 0·86, 1·04). However, in four studies with British male schoolchildren and students a statistically highly significant reduction in common cold incidence was found in groups supplemented with vitamin C (pooled RR 0·70; 95% CI 0·60, 0·81). Thus, these studies with British males indicate that vitamin C intake has physiological effects on susceptibility to common cold infections, although the effect seems quantitatively meaningful only in limited groups of people and is not very large.
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Blaken, C., M. J. Allen, A. H. Stewart, and A. M. Mackenzie. "The effect of pre-weaning mixing and vitamin C supplementation on piglet performance." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2003 (2003): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200012539.

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It is well established that the weaning process is one of the most stressful periods for a piglet, which can alter its immune function and performance. Pigs have no specified dietary requirement for vitamin C with it being provided via colostrum and endogenous production. However, during stressful periods, physiological requirements increase, and supplementation may be required. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin C supplementation in high and low stress weaning systems on performance and immune function of weaner pigs.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Vitamin C – Physiological effect"

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Bryant, Rebecca Jane. "Effects of vitamins E and C on exercise-induced lipid peroxidation." Virtual Press, 1996. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1020147.

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The aim of this study was to examine whether vitamins E (200 IU) and C (1 g) in combination would influence exercise-induced lipid peroxidation to a greater extent than vitamin E (400 IU) alone. A placebo-controlled study was carried out on 7 collegiate cyclists who were supplemented with 1) vitamin C (1 g); 2) vitamins E (200 IU) and C (1 g); and vitamin E (400 IU) during 3 treatments, each 3 weeks in duration. The serum concentrations of hematocrit and MDA, one marker of lipid peroxidation, were measured immediately before, immediately after, and 24 hours after each exercise bout. After the vitamin C treatment, MDA serum concentration of the athletes (n=7) increased 85% above the baseline values of the placebo values, the vitamin E/C treatment showed a 29% increase, and the vitamin E treatment showed a 39% decrease. Pre- to post-exercise serum MDA levels increased 64% in the placebo group, a 29% increase in the vitamin C treatment group, a 23.2% increase in the vitamins E/C treatment group, and a 46.9% increase in the vitamin E treatment group. It is concluded that exercise-induced lipid peroxidation is more greatly influenced post-exercise by a combination of vitamins E (200 IU) and C (1 g), than by either vitamin C (1 g) alone, or vitamin E (400 IU) alone.
Department of Family and Consumer Sciences
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Murphy, Stephanie A. "Effects of selenium and vitamin B-6 on growth of chemically- induced transplanted tumors in BALB/c inbred mice." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43906.

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Male weanling inbred, mice were inoculated with fibrosarcoma cells (hindquarter) originally produced by 2-methylcholanthrene. Before inoculation, mice were randomly divided into three groups of 24 and one of 12 (control). After a one week acclimation period, each group was fed a diet containing either suboptimal vitamin B-6, 0.5 mg/kg diet; adequate, 7.0 mg/kg diet; or excess, 100 mg/kg diet. Controls were fed the adequate vitamin. B-6 diet. Twenty-four hours after tumor cell inoculation, a series of sodium selenite injections (0.5 μg/.10 mL) were given to half of each treatment group and all controls. Mice were sacrificed two wk after tumor inoculation. Tumors were excised and weighed. Selenium-treated mice had significantly smaller tumors as compared to untreated mice regardless of vitamin B-6 treatment. The smallest tumors were found in the selenium-treated group maintained on adequate B-6, while the largest tumors were developed by mice on the excess B-6 diet without selenium treatments. All groups had similar blood selenium levels as measured by gas chromatography. Tumor selenium levels, analyzed by atomic absorption, were significantly higher for untreated groups than selenium-treated groups (larger tumor size). The excess and adequate vitamin B-6 selenium-treated groups had significantly lower tumor selenium levels than the adequate vitamin B-6 untreated group. Plasma pyridoxal phosphate (concentrations) determined radiometrically and tumor vitamin B-6 levels determined microbiologically, related directly to dietary treatments. Sodium selenite injections and adequate vitamin B-6 diets reduced the size of fibrosarcomas in BALB/c inbred mice.
Master of Science
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Liu, Chia-chi. "Oxidation of ascorbate by protein radicals in simple systems and in cells." Phd thesis, Australia : Macquarie University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/16746.

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Thesis (PhD) -- Macquarie University, Division of Environmental and Life Sciences, Dept. of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, 2007.
Bibliography: leaves 295-322.
Generation of peroxide groups in proteins exposed to a wide variety of reactive oxygen species (ROS) requires an initial formation of protein carbon-centred or peroxyl free radicals, which can be reduced to hydroperoxides. Both protein radicals and protein hydroperoxides are capable of oxidizing important biomolecules and thus initiate biological damage. In this study, we investigated the inhibition of protein hydroperoxide formation by ascorbate and GSH in gamma-irradiated HL-60 cells.--We used HL-60 cells as a model for general protection of living organisms by ascorbate (Asc) and glutathione (GSH) from the deleterious effects of protein hydroperoxides generated by radicals produced by gamma radiation. Measurement by HPLC indicated that incubation of HL-60 cells with Asc in the presence of ascorbate oxidase resulted in the accumulation of intracellular Asc. The intracellular Asc levels were lowered by irradiation, demonstrating intracellular consumption of Asc by the radiation-generated radicals. Exposure of HL-60 cells to increasing gamma irradiation doses resulted in increasing accumulation of protein peroxides in the cells. This was measured by the FOX assay. A significant decrease in intracellular protein hydroperoxides was noted when the cells were treated with ascorbic acid before irradiation. A dose-dependent protective effect of Asc was observed. Asc loading also provided strong protection from radiation-generated protein hydroperoxides independently of the composition of the external medium, showing that only the radicals formed within the cells were effective in oxidizing the cell proteins. Similarly, protein peroxidation was inhibited in cells with enhanced levels of GSH and increased when the intracellular GSH concentration was reduced. These findings indicate that ascorbate and GSH are important antioxidants in protecting cells from oxidative stress associated with the generation of protein hydroperoxide.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
xxix, 322 leaves ill
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Abel, Stefan. "The physiological effect of vitamin B12 deficiency in human blood." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/69031.

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Thesis (MSc) -- Stellenbosch University, 1990.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The main aim of this workpiece was to establish the physiological parameters against which a vitamin Bu deficiency could be measured. A comparison between the hematological values of healthy patients and those suffering from pernicious anemia due to vitamin Bu deficiency was done. A specific case of pernicious anemia was used in the comparison of abnormal values to the values of normal healthy patients. The comparison consisted of blood analyses with the help of specified instruments, photomicrographs of bone marrow and blood smears and statistical data. A Coulter Counter Model ZF was used for the hematological analyses of blood, a radio-isotope assay for serum vitamin B u was done and photomicrographs were taken with a NIKON Microflex camera with photomicrographic attachments. The importance of vitamin Bu has been shown in this workpiece. With the use of techniques and certain instruments, the effects of a shortage of vitamin Bu has been shown. Analyses of the blood from normal ,healthy patients was compared to that of patients suffering from pernicious anemia. It was demonstrated that pernicious anemia is characterized by a low erythrocyte count, hematocrit (Het), hemoglobin (Hb) and vitamin Bu levels together with a higher mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV). In severe cases of pernicious anemia these levels are extremely high or low as the case may be. Together with these values, the investigation of pernicious anemic blood and bone marrow smears revealed abnormally large erythrocyte precursors and fewer leucocytes than normal. Abnormally shaped cells, called macrocytes, were seen which was due to the disruption in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis caused by the vitamin Bu deficiency. This study produced a set of hematological reference values. The comparative study between healthy and pernicious anemic patients demonstrated a significant drop in serum vitamin B12 values during pernicious anemia. The hematological effect was illustrated by the Coulter Counter blood analysis results and the microscopic examination revealed the presence of megaloblastic erythrocytes, oval erythrocytes, pear-shaped poikilocytes and polymorphonuclear neutropbils with hypersegmented nuclei in blood smears I during vitamin B12 deficiency. This dianoses can be supported by the presence of megaloblasts and metamyelocytes in pernicious anemic bone marrow.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die hoof doel van hierdie werkstuk was om fisiologiese grense te bepaal waarteen 'n vitamien B12 tekort gemeet kan word. 'n Vergelyking tussen die hematologiese waardes van gesonde persone en die van pasiente met pernisieuse anemie wat ontstaan het as gevolg van 'n vitamien B12 tekort was uitgevoer. Die waardes verkry vanaf 'n spesifieke geval van pernisieuse anemie. was vergelyk met waardes vanaf normale gesonde persone. Hierdie vergelyking het bestaan uit bloed analises, fotomikrograwe van bloed en beenmurg smere en statistiese data. Die hematologiese bloed analises was met behulp van 'n Coulter Teller model ZF uitgevoer. 'n Radio-isotoop bepaling vir serum vitamien B12 was gedoen en fotomikrograwe was met 'n NIKON Microflex kamera geneem. Die belang van 'n vitamien B12 tekort was in hierdie werkstuk gedemonstreer. Die effek van hierdie tekort is deur die gebruik van sekere instrumente en tegnieke aangedui en die resultate hiervan is vergelyk tussen gesonde persone en pasiente met 'n vitamien B12 tekort. Hierdie studie het bevestig dat pernisieuse anemie gekenmerk word deur verlaagde eritrosiet, hematokrit (Het), hemoglobien (Hb) en vitamien B12 vlakke tesame met verhoogde gemene korpuskulere hemoglobien (GKH) en gemene korpuskulere volume (GKV) vlakke. Gedurende ernstige gevalle van pernisieuse anemie kan hierdie waardes uitermatig hoog of laag wees. Benewens hierdie waardes het die ondersoek van bloed en beenmurg gedurende vitamien B12 tekort, abnormale groot eritrosiet voorgangers en 'n verminderde hoeveelheid leukosiete getoon. Abnormale sel vorms was ook sigbaar a.g.v. die onderbreking in DNA sintese wat deur 'n vitamien B12 tekort veroorsaak word. Pernisieuse anemie word verkry wanneer daar 'n vitamien B12 en/of folaat tekort in die dieet is of wanneer hierdie vitamiene nie geabsorbeer kan word nie. Die teenwoordigheid van makrosiete, ovaal eritrosiete, peervormige poikilosiete en polimorfonuklere neutrofiele met hipergesegmenteerde keme in bloedsmere dui op 'n megaloblastiese anemie. Hierdie diagnose kan ondersteun word deur die aanwesigheid van megaloblaste en reuse metamielosiete in die beenmurg. Die bepaling van vitamien B12 en folaat vlakke in die bloed kan as addisionele bewysstukke vir 'n volledige diagnose dien. Gedurende hierdie studie is daar 'n stel hematologiese verwysingswaardes vasgestel. Die vergelykende studie tussen gesonde persone en pasiente met pernisieuse anemie het getoon dat daar 'n beduidende verlaging in serum vitamien B12 waardes gedurende pernisieuse anemie is. Die hematologiese effek was ook duidelik waameembaar in die Coulter teller se bloed analiese en mikroskopiese ondersoeke het die · teenwoordigheid van makrosiete, ovaal eritrosiete, peervormige poikilosiete en polimorfenuklere neutrofiele met hipersegmenteerde keme in bloedsmere aangedui. Hierdie diagnose kan ondersteun word deur die aanwesigheid van megaloblaste en reuse metamielosiete in die beenmurg.
This study was financially aided by a bursary from the CSIR.
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Howell, Anne C. "Effects of antioxidant vitamin treatment on UV-irradiated cells." Virtual Press, 1995. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/941360.

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Ultraviolet (UV) radiation damages both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells by causing the formation of free radicals which damage cell membranes and DNA. Antioxidant vitamins have been shown to protect cells from UV-induced damage by scavenging free radicals. The protection of skin and its normal flora is necessary for the health of individuals in resisting diseases caused by microorganisms and delaying the long-term damage caused by UV radiation.This research investigated the effects of the antioxidants vitamin A and ascorbic acid, as well as UV-irradiation on both prokaryotic (Staphylococcus epidermidis) cells and eukaryotic (human fibroblast skin) cells. This information is important in determining the effects of vitamin treatment on skin and its normal flora.Results indicate that ascorbic acid is rapidly (within six hours) degraded after being dissolved in water or medium. Treatment of cells with ascorbic acid must take into account this rapid degradation. S.epidermidis cells were protected from UV-induced damage by treatment with ascorbic acid but were more sensitive to UV-irradiation when treated with vitamin A. Human fibroblast cells treated with ascorbic acid did not exhibit morphological changes when compared to untreated cells.
Department of Biology
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Winmill, Catherine Anne 1955. "EFFICACY OF CALCIUM AND VITAMIN D SUPPLEMENTATION IN REDUCING DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE IN A MILD HYPERTENSIVE MALE POPULATION." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276386.

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Farmer, Bertrand. "The status of beta carotene and vitamin A in Quebec dairy herds and their effects on reproductive performance /." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63167.

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Pietrzak, Ewa M. "Vitamin E as an index of tissue peroxidation: The effect of vitamin C deficiency and ischemia/reperfusion." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6464.

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Levels and turnover of vitamin E ($\alpha$-T) were studied in guinea pigs placed for three weeks on a diet containing a scorbutic level of vitamin C and either a low level (LE group) or a high level (HE group) of hexadeuterium-labelled vitamin E (d$\sb6$-RRR-$\alpha$-T acetate). The levels of vitamin C in the ten tissues analyzed declined very rapidly at rates that were the same in both the LE and HE groups, indicating that the level of dietary vitamin E had no effect upon tissue vitamin C levels. On the vitamin C deficient diet, the total $\alpha$-T (d$\sb0$- + d$\sb6$-$\alpha$-T) declined significantly over 21 days in the HE group in two tissues with high P-450 enzyme activity and in one tissue with a high partial pressure of oxygen, whereas on a vitamin C-sufficient diet with the same concentration of vitamin E the levels of total $\alpha$-T remained steady in the same tissues. In the LE "scorbutic" group, the total $\alpha$-T declined only in heart and kidney, whereas in the vitamin C-sufficient LE group there was a decline of total $\alpha$-T in all tissues analyzed except brain. The results show that in guinea pigs, at least, vitamin C is indispensable for proper uptake of vitamin E from the gut and absorption into tissues. Changes of vitamin E levels also were studied in six anatomical regions of the brain of rats subjected to controlled ischemia/reperfusion. Analysis showed that ischemia/reperfusion caused statistically significant losses of vitamin E in all regions, except the pons-medulla, and the extent of loss correlated well with the previously determined deterioration of the blood-brain barrier in the corresponding regions. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Van, Rooyen Megan Lynne. "The effect of combined vitamin E succinate and ascorbic acid supplementation on growth and cyclooxygenase expression in murine melanoma (BL6) cells." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004041.

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This thesis examines the effect of combined vitamin E succinate and Asc supplementation on the in vitro growth of a non-malignant monkey kidney (LLCMK) and a malignant melanoma (BL6) cell line, with nutritional concentration ranges of 5-20µg/ml and 25-50µg/ml respectively. Vitamin E and C are thought to interact synergistically to inhibit tumour cell growth by virtue of their antioxidant properties, whereby they quench free radicals and terminate lipid peroxidation. Furthermore vitamin E and C are thought to modulate the biosynthetic pathways in arachidonic acid metabolism at a number of different points. This may also offer a means of regulating tumour cell growth. It is well documented that vitamin E and C are distributed in the lipid and aqueous phases in the cell respectively. However, the cells need to obtain the vitamins from the environment in which they are found in order to exert a growth inhibitory effect. Supplementation of combined vitamin E succinate and Asc on BL6 and LLCMK cells resulted in a significant increase in LLCMK cell growth, and a significant decrease in cell growth was observed in BL6 cells. Vitamin E succinate in its esterified form cannot function as an antioxidant and requires the cleavage of the succinate to become an active antioxidant. The metabolism of vitamin E succinate to form free vitamin E in LLCMK and BL6 cells resulted in the cleavage of the succinate group from the vitamin E molecule in BL6 cells only, thus suggesting that an esterase may be present in BL6 cells. This would allow for a synergistic interaction between the two vitamins. The arachidonic acid cascade generates a family of bioactive lipids that modulate diverse physiological and pathological responses including tumour growth and promotion. The enzyme prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase (PGHS) or cyclooxygenase (Cox) is the key enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway leading to the formation of prostaglandins. Two enzyme isoforms of Cox have been identified, Cox 1 and Cox 2. Supplementation with vitamin E succinate and Asc at a combination 20:25µg/ml respectively resulted in a trend of increasing Cox activity over 12 hours suggesting that vitamin E and Asc have a stimulatory effect on Cox activity in BL6 cells. The inhibitors of Cox 2, dexamethasone, showed a decreasing trend in Cox activity at the 20:25µg/ml combination, while cycloheximide showed an initial stimulatory effect and then a gradual decrease in Cox activity. The elimination of the Cox activity by dexamethasone suggests that transcriptional regulation may be occurring in BL6 cells. We examined by Northern blot analysis whether combined supplementation of vitamin E succinate and Asc caused an elevation of Cox 2 RNA expression in BL6 cells. An inducible effect of Cox 2 was observed after 2 hours of supplementation with a combination of vitamin E succinate and Asc in BL6 cells, however the results are inconclusive and further studies are required to substantiate this finding.
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Avery, Neva G. "The effects of vitamin E supplementation on the recovery from repeated bouts of resistance exercise." Virtual Press, 2002. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1231405.

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The purpose of this study was to examine collegiate female swimmers' attitudes toward gender and coaching. The study also examined the coaching styles of male and females coaches and determined whether a difference between styles existed. A purposeful sample of 250 female swimmers from the Mid-American Conference (MAC) during the 2001-2002 swimming season participated in the study. Swimmers were required to have been coached by both female and male coaches in order to be eligible to participate. Addressing the purpose of this study, participants were asked to complete a 30-item questionnaire developed by the researcher. Frequency counts revealed that 23 of the 57 participants preferred a male coach to a female coach. Only two individuals reported their preference for a female with 32 participants citing no gender preference. Two sections, including 14 questions for each gender on the Gender Preference Instrument, assessed coaching style. Independent t -tests were calculated on each question (p < .05). Eight significant gender differences were observed on coaching styles, with the participating athletes scoring the male coach higher on all of the eight categories.
School of Physical Education
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Books on the topic "Vitamin C – Physiological effect"

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Vitamin C: Everything you need to know. Allentown, Pa: People's Medical Society, 1998.

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The vitamin C controversy: Questions and answers. Wichita, Kan: Bio-Communications Press, 1988.

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1920-, Burns John J., Rivers Jerry M, Machlin Lawrence J. 1927-, and New York Academy of Sciences., eds. Third Conference on Vitamin C. New York, N.Y: New York Academy of Sciences, 1987.

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Klenner, Frederick R. Clinical guide to the use of vitamin C: The clinical experiences of Frederick R. Klenner, M.D. [Tacoma, Wash.?]: Life Sciences Press, 1991.

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Vitamin C: Nutrition, side effects, and supplements. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2011.

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Aydogan, Müfide. Does vitamin C act as an antioxidant or prooxidant? Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2010.

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Andrés, Miranda, ed. Vitamin C: Nutritional role, supplementation in pathophysiological states, and side effects. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2010.

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Jean, Pamplin, ed. Vitamin B6 therapy. Garden City Park, N.Y: Avery Pub. Group, 1999.

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Vitamin E: Everything you need to know. Allentown, Pa: People's Medical Society, 1998.

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Hester, Mundis, ed. Earl Mindell's new vitamin bible. New York: Grand Central Life & Style, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Vitamin C – Physiological effect"

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Trichet, Viviane Verlhac, Ester Santigosa, Eve Cochin, and Jacques Gabaudan. "The Effect of Vitamin C on Fish Health." In Dietary Nutrients, Additives, and Fish Health, 151–71. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119005568.ch7.

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Jore, D., M. N. Kaouadji, and C. Ferradini. "Vitamin E — Vitamin C Synergestic Effect Towards Peroxyl Radicals: Influence of Dehydro-Ascorbic Acid." In Free Radicals, Lipoproteins, and Membrane Lipids, 389–97. New York, NY: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7427-5_36.

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Davis, P. A., T. R. Wandzilak, S. D. D’Andre, and H. E. Williams. "Effect of High Dose Vitamin C on Urinary Oxalate Levels." In Urolithiasis 2, 80. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2556-1_17.

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Omata, S., T. Shimizu, Y. Sawae, and T. Murakami. "Effect of Vitamin C on Mechanical Property of the Regenerated-Cartilage Tissue." In IFMBE Proceedings, 899–902. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14515-5_229.

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Minakata, Kayoko, Shin-ichi Saito, and Naoko Harada. "Effect of Dietary Paraquat on a Rat Mutant Unable to Synthesize Vitamin C." In Food Factors for Cancer Prevention, 415–17. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-67017-9_80.

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Yitayew, Tadlo, and Tadesse Fenta. "The Effect of Drying Method on the Texture, Color, Vitamin C and β-Carotene Content of Dried Mango Slices (Cv. Apple and Kent)." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 97–109. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80621-7_7.

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Aderinoye-Abdulwahab, S. A., and T. A. Abdulbaki. "Climate Change Adaptation Strategies Among Cereal Farmers in Kwara State, Nigeria." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 509–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_228.

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AbstractAgriculture is the art and science of food production which spans soil cultivation, crop growing, and livestock rearing. Over the years, it has served as a means of employment and accounts for more than one-third of total gross domestic product. Cereals, which include rice, maize, and sorghum, are the major dietary energy suppliers and they provide significant amounts of protein, minerals (potassium and calcium), and vitamins (vitamin A and C). The growth and good yield of cereal crop can be greatly influenced by elements of weather and climate such as temperature, sunlight, and relative humidity. While climate determines the choice of what plant to cultivate and how to cultivate, it has been undoubtedly identified as one of the fundamental factors that determine both crop cultivation and livestock keeping. The chapter, though theoretical, adopted Kwara State, Nigeria, as the focus due to favorable weather conditions that support grains production. It was observed that the effect of climate change on cereal production includes: drastic reduction in grains production, reduction in farmers’ profit level, increment in cost during production, diversification to nonfarming activities, and discouragement of youth from participating in agricultural activities. Also, the adopted coping strategies employed by farmers in the focus site were early planting, planting of improved variety, irrigation activities, alternates crop rotation, and cultivation of more agricultural areas. The chapter thus concluded that climate change has negative impact on cereals production and recommends that government should provide communal irrigation facilities that will cushion the effect of low rains on farmers’ productivity, while early planting and cultivation of drought-resistant cultivars should be encouraged.
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Engelking, Larry R. "Vitamin C." In Textbook of Veterinary Physiological Chemistry, 254–59. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-391909-0.50039-6.

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Amor, Houda, Nyaz Shelko, Massooma Mohammed, Peter Michael Jankowski, and Mohamad Eid Hammadeh. "Role of Antioxidants Supplementation in the Treatment of Male Infertility." In Antioxidants - Benefits, Sources, Mechanisms of Action. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95891.

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Nutritional utilization of antioxidants, such as vitamins C, E, ß-Carotene and micronutrients, such as folate and zinc, have been shown to be critically essential for normal semen quality and reproductive function. However, it is still, a large knowledge gap exists concerning the role of antioxidants on semen parameters and the role in treatment of male subfertility. Therefore, the current review article designed to find out the positive effect of antioxidants on semen quality, alterations in physiological functions of spermatozoa and infertility treatment It is advisable that patients with oxidative DNA disruption should be asked to take a simple course of antioxidants prior to undertaking assisted reproduction treatment (ART). In conclusion, antioxidant may be employed as a potent antioxidant and may improve infertility treatment outcomes with ART.
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Yamamoto, Tetsuo, and Manabu Kinoshita. "Radioprotective Effect of Vitamin C as an Antioxidant." In Vitamin C. InTech, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.68988.

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Conference papers on the topic "Vitamin C – Physiological effect"

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Comp, P. C., and C. T. Esmon. "Defects in the protein C pathway." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643715.

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Activated protein C functions as an anticoagulant by enzymatically degrading factors Va and Villa in the clotting cascade. Protein C may be converted to its enzymatically active form bythrombin. The rate at which thrombin cleavage of the zymogen occurs is greatly enhanced when thrombin is bound to an endothelial cell receptor protein, thrombomodulin. Activated proteinC has a relatively long half-life in vivo and the formation of activated protein C in response to low level thrombin infusion suggests that the protein C system may provide a feedback mechanism to limit blood clotting. Clinical support for such a physiologic role for activated protein C includes an increased incidence of thrombophlebitis and pulmonary emboli in heterozygous deficient individuals, and severe, often fatal, cutaneous thrombosis in homozygous deficient newborns. A third thrombotic condition associated with protein C deficiency is coumarin induced skin (tissue) necrosis. This localized skin necrosis occurs shortly after the initiation of coumarin therapy and is hypothesized to bedue to the rapid disappearance of protein C activity in the plasma beforean adequate intensity of anticoagulation is achieved. Recent estimates of heterozygous protein C deficiency range as high as 1 in 300 individuals in the general population. Since coumarin compounds are in routine clinical use throughout the world and skin necrosis remains a relatively rare clinical finding, this suggests that factors other than protein C deficiency alone may be involved in the pathogenesis of the skin necrosis.The anticoagulant properties of activated protein C are greatly enhanced by another vitamin K-dependent plasma protein, protein S. Protein S functions by increasing the affinity of activated protein C for cell surfaces.Protein S is found in two forms in plasma: free and in complex with C4b-binding protein, "an inhibitor of the complement system. Free protein S is functionally active and the complexed protein S is not active. Individuals congenitally deficient in protein S ae subject to recurrent thromboembolicevents. At least two classes of protin S deficiency occur.Some patienshavedecreased levels of protein S antigen and reduced protein S functional activity. A second group of deficient individuals have normal levels of protein S antigen but most or all their protein S is complexed to C4b-binding protein and they have little or no functional protein S activity. Such a protein S distribution could result from abnormal forms of protein S or C4b-binding protein or some other abnormal plasma or cellular component. Patients with functionally inactive forms of protein S have yet to be identified. Identification of protein S deficient individuals is complicated by thepossible effect of sex hormones on plasma protein S levels. Total protein S antigen is reduced during pregnancyand during oral contraceptive administration. This finding is of practicalclinical importance since the decrease in protein S which occurs during pregnancy may be an added risk factor for congenitally protein S deficient women and may explain why some proteinS deficient women experience their first episode of thrombosis during pregnancy.In addition to having anticoagulant properties, activated protein C enhances fibrinolysis, at least in part,by inhibiting the inhibitor of tissueplasminogen activator. This profibrinolytic effect is enhanced by protein S and cell surfaces. This protection of plasminogen activator activity suggests that the combination of tissue plasminogen activator and activated protein C may be useful in the treatment of coronary artery thrombi. Tissueplasminogen activator would promote clot lysis while activated protein C protected the plasminogen activatorfrom inhibition and also prevented further clot deposition. There is no evidence at present that fibrinolytic activity is reduced in protein C deficient individuals. The possible clinical relevance of this aspect of protein Cfunction in the predisposition of protein C deficient individuals to thrombosis remains to be defined.
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Davoodabadi, Abdoulhossein. "Effect of Vitamin C and vitamin E on Lung Contusion: acohort, prospective Randomized Clinical Trial study." In ERS International Congress 2018 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2018.pa1749.

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Violet, Pierre-Christian, Nermi L. Parrow, Serrano L. Oscar, Jacqueline Yang, and Mark A. Levine. "Abstract 5134: Pharmaceutical effect of vitamin C (ascorbate) on B16 melanomain vitroandin vivo." In Proceedings: AACR 106th Annual Meeting 2015; April 18-22, 2015; Philadelphia, PA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-5134.

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Zhou, Zhide, Guizhi Huang, and Guiyin Li. "Microwave drying of Siraitia grosvenorii and its effect on the Vitamin C content." In 2018 7th International Conference on Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development (ICEESD 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iceesd-18.2018.311.

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Wang, Daogang, Yongmei Tang, Weitian Liu, Yingxue Li, and Zhenzhen Tian. "Effect of excretion of vitamin C in sweat on blood pressure among heat-exposed steelworkers." In 2013 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Engineering. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/icbeee130281.

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Ben-Yoav, Hadar, Sheryl E. Chocron, Thomas E. Winkler, Eunkyoung Kim, Gregory F. Payne, Reza Ghodssi, and Deanna L. Kelly. "The effect of Vitamin C for point-of-care blood analysis applications using an electrochemical biosensor." In 2013 IEEE Sensors. IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsens.2013.6688158.

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Gupta, Varun, Ashish Kumar, Praveen Sharma, and Anil Arora. "IDDF2018-ABS-0189 Effect of diabetes mellitus and vitamin D levels on hepatitis c related liver disease." In International Digestive Disease Forum (IDDF) 2018, Hong Kong, 9–10 June 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2018-iddfabstracts.229.

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Aznury, Martha, Elina Margerty, Melianti, Sofiah, Yuniar, and Sufi Awwaliyah. "Effect of Fermentation Time and Percentage of Moringa (Moringa oleifera) Flour Variations on Vitamin C of Yogurt." In 4th Forum in Research, Science, and Technology (FIRST-T1-T2-2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ahe.k.210205.063.

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Othman, Galawezh, and Nadhum Esmaeil. "Preventive effect of Both Vitamin C and E on sperm abnormalities caused by nicotine in male albino mice." In 4th International Scientific Conference of Cihan University-Erbil on Biological Sciences. Cihan University-Erbil, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/bios17.14.

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SITAREK-ANDRZEJCZYK, Monika, Jarosław PRZYBYŁ, and Marek GAJEWSKI. "THE EFFECT OF POST-HARVEST TREATMENT AND STORAGE CONDITIONS ON VITAMIN C CONTENT IN TWO LEAFY PARSLEY CULTIVARS." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.018.

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The objective of the study was to determine the content of vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) in two leafy parsley (Petroselinum crispum Mill. Fuss) cultivars subjected to different post-harvest treatments. Ascorbic acid (AA), due to its instability, is one of the indicators of leafy vegetable freshness and quality. High content of this compound in vegetables is desired because of its bioactive properties. The cultivars differ in morphology of usable parts: ‘Rialto’ has flat lamina and ‘Petra’ triple-curled lamina. The plant material was obtained in 2015 and 2016 from experimental field in Warsaw-Wilanów. The leaves were washed directly after harvest: a) in tap water or b) in tap water with ozone added. Two methods of postharvest storage were applied: A) at the cold store and B) under simulated retail conditions. In the case of cold store method (A), the plants were tied in tufts and stored at the temperature of 0 °C and RH 90 % for 7, 14, 28 days in two variants: 1) in containers, where leaves petioles were immersed in water, and 2) in special bulk modified atmosphere packaging (MAP), dedicated to fresh herbs (Stepac, Israel). In the case of storage under simulated retail conditions (B), the leaves were kept for 48 hours at 10 °C, RH 30-40 % in two variants: 1) tufts wrapped in perforated PE film with petioles immersed in water, and 2) packed to retail MAPs, dedicated to leafy herbs (Stepac, Israel). Concentration of L-ascorbic acid in the leaves was determined spectrophotometrically, with the method based on reaction of Folin’s phenol reagent in low pH. Fresh and stored ‘Rialto’ leaves were characterised by a higher concentration of AA than ‘Petra’ leaves (110 and 44 mg g -1 f.w., respectively). Significant decrease of AA after ozone treatment was observed only for ‘Rialto’ directly after harvest. Storage length had significant influence on the content of AA in both cultivars. Decrease of AA content was observed during storage period. Average concentration of AA after 7 days of storage was 85 and 44 -1 f.w. for ‘Rialto’ and ‘Petra’, respectively. After 28 days of storage the concentration was 54% lower for ‘Rialto’ and 36% lower for ‘Petra’, compared to the initial content. Leaves after simulated retail conditions showed slightly lower AA content than those stored for 7 days in the cold room. Retail MAPs guaranteed significantly higher preservation of AA in both cultivars than wrapping in film with immersing in water. Washing in ozone-added water showed influence only on AA content in ‘Rialto’ leaves wrapped in film – they showed lower concentration of AA under simulated retail conditions. Our study showed that the content of AA in parsley leaves was cultivar dependent. Ozone treatment did not have negative effect on AA during the storage. Storage duration, rather than packaging methods, plays a key role in preservation of high content of AA. However, method of packaging is important under retail conditions, where temperature is higher and RH is much lower, than at a cold room.
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Reports on the topic "Vitamin C – Physiological effect"

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Pogge, Danielle J., Steven M. Lonergan, and Stephanie L. Hansen. Supplemental Vitamin C Alleviates the Negative Effect of High Sulfur on Meat Quality. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-711.

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Pogge, Danielle, and Stephanie L. Hansen. Effect of Vitamin C on Performance and Antioxidant Capacity of Cattle Fed Varying Concentrations of Dietary Sulfur. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-158.

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Pogge, Danielle J., and Stephanie L. Hansen. The Effect of Varying Concentrations of Vitamin C on Performance, Blood Metabolites, and Carcass Characteristics of Steers Consuming a Common High Sulfur Diet. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-1130.

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