Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Vitamines E'
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Brunaud, Laurent. "Déterminants nutritionnels et génétiques de l'homocystéine et méthylation de l'ADN : modèles expérimentaux et implications en pathologie." Nancy 1, 2003. https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/tel-01746923.
Full textPoirot, Frédéric Birgé Jacques. "Contribution à l'amélioration de la sécurité de prescription des traitements par antagonistes de la vitamine K Résultat de deux tours d'un audit clinique auprès de médecins généralistes lorrains /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2009_POIROT_FREDERIC.pdf.
Full textLefebvre, Sébastien. "Étude de l'impact du sexe sur la coagulation vitamine K dépendante chez le rat." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1231/document.
Full textVitamin K antagonists (VKA) are inhibitors of the recycling mechanism of vitamin K. Vitamin K is involved in the post-translational activation by gamma-carboxylation of vitamin K dependant proteins, and in particular four proteins essential to coagulation. Food intake of vitamin K is insufficient to substitute the recycling mechanism, an efficient cycle is necessary. If VKA block the recycling mechanism, gamma-caboxylation of vitamin K dependant clotting factors becomes is not done, thus the production of the active form of these clotting factors is diminished. Consequently, the blood coagulability is affected. An important inhibition of the recycling mechanism can kill by haemorrhage, it’s with this aim that VKA are used in rodent management. Over the past three decades, a slight resistance to VKA has been observed in female rats beside male rats. Some hypothesis can explain this difference: (i) a more efficient activity of female microsomes which are responsible of the vitamin K regeneration; (ii) a faster elimination of VKA in female rats; (iii) basal concentrations and half-lives of vitamin K dependant clotting factors are higher in female rats. The main purpose of this work is to identify the origin of the resistance of female rats to VKA.Our results pinpoint significant differencies between females and males concerning the basal levels and the evolution kinetics of some vitamin K dependant clotting factors. This might explain the weaker sensibility of female rats to VKA
CANDAU, MARIANNE, and PASCAL COLLIOT. "Interet des vitamines en odonto-stomatologie." Rennes 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987REN1D041.
Full textLy, Muy Vang. "Les propriétés pharmacologiques de la vitamine A." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05P063.
Full textHerbeth, Bernard Siest Gérard. "Statut en vitamines de différents groupes de population déterminants biologiques et environnementaux (Doctorat : Epidémiologie et santé publique)." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1999. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCD_T_1999_0340_HERBETH.pdf.
Full textLancrenon, Éric. "Psoriasis et vitamine D : effets des ultra-violets." Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON11240.
Full textMolin, Arnaud. "Etude des causes génétiques de dérégulation du métabolisme de la vitamine D." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC405/document.
Full textThe vitamin D (D3 or cholecalciferol from animal kingdom and D2 or ergosterol from plan kingdom) is a pleiotropic hormone who has numerous biological effects including the regulation of calcium and phosphate metabolism. In humans, this compound is synthetized in skin in an inactive form. Thus, we call vitamin D metabolism the biological process which leads to the production of active metabolites (by enzymes 25- and 1α-hydroxylases encoded by CYP2R1 and CYP27B1 genes) and its degradation by vitamin D 24-hydroxylase (gene CYP24A1). The expression of 1α- and 24-hydroxylases is tightly and inversely regulated to maintain calcium and phosphate homeostasis, thanks to several feedback loops including 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and its receptor VDR, serum calcium and parathormone, serum phosphate and FGF23. Vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D activation deficiency are associated with rickets, while vitamin D excess are associated with hypercalcemia-hypercalciuria due to vitamin D intoxication (overdose) or hypersensitivity to vitamin D (activation excess or degradation deficiency).Our aim is to identify genetic causes of vitamin D metabolism deregulation and to specify pathophysiologic mechanisms describing phenotype. Thus, we jointly used the tools of genetics (next-generation and Sanger sequencing) and biochemistry (vitamin D metabolites assay) in a cohort of human patients ascertained thanks to the national center for rare diseases of calcium and phosphate metabolism.This work allowed us to specify the role of two genes in diseases of vitamin D metabolism, CYP2R1 and CYP24A1, showing loss of function mutations in patients with rickets and low 25-hydroxyvitamin D and hypersensitivity to vitamin D, respectively. Our study brought new phenotypic elements in these affections. In our cohort of patients, the identification of mutations leading to phosphate deregulation (in SLC34A1 and SLC34A3) highlights the putative role of regulators of vitamin D 1α- and 24-hydroxylases activities in pathophysiology.No significant variation have been identified in the proximal promoting regions of CYP27B1 and CYP24A1. We could not go further considering the lack of knowledge in regulating regions and factors in humans. Identifying distal regulators will allow to study their implication in rare diseases of vitamin D metabolism
Margier, Marielle. "Absorption intestinale des vitamines D et K : mécanismes moléculaires et interactions avec les composés des légumineuses." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0623/document.
Full textVitamin D and K are fat-soluble micronutrients that participate to the proper functioning of the organism. They are essential to prevent bleeding, bone, metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. However, even if those vitamins are provided in sufficient quantities in our diet, their health effects are closely linked to their bioavailability. A better knowledge of their absorption mechanisms would help to optimize their bioavailability.Firstly, we showed that vitamin K absorption involves the cholesterol transporters SR-B1 and CD36. We also showed that enterocytes can not only efflux newly absorbed vitamins D and K but also excrete vitamin D and K from the blood compartment to the intestinal lumen. This phenomenon of transintestinal excretioninvolves the cholesterol membrane transporters ABCB1 and ABCG5/G8.Secondly, we showed that the presence of pulses within a meal limits vitamin D and K bioavailability. Indeed, fibers, phytates, saponins and tannins can decrease bioaccessibility and/or uptake of vitamin K. By modulating the nutritional profile of pulses, the cooking method can impact on fat-soluble vitamin transfer to mixed micelles, and in turn affect their bioavailability. These data suggest that pulses must be cooked in an appropriate manner and consumed in micronutrient-rich meals.Keywords: vitamin D, vitamin K, bioaccessibility, intestinal absorption, pulses
Nemausat, Claudine Renaison. "La carence en vitamine d de la personne âgée : travail de la Clinique propédeutique médicale, service de médecine générale C." Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON11328.
Full textKimmel, Christine. "1,25-Dihydroxyvitamine D3 : aspects moléculaires de sa synthèse et de son action via son récepteur." Paris 5, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA05CD04.
Full textDelaurent, Corinne. "Contribution à la mise au point et au développement des méthodes d'analyse des vitamines D." Aix-Marseille 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX30120.
Full textHerbeth, Bernard. "Statut en vitamines de différents groupes de population déterminants biologiques et environnementaux." Nancy 1, 1999. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1999_0340_HERBETH.pdf.
Full textDeville, Agnès. "Les vitamines A et E dans la mucoviscidose." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05P138.
Full textTaga, Fosso Jean-Marie. "Le complexe vitaminique B au centre hospitalier de Versailles : prescriptions, dosages et indications thérapeutiques." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05P116.
Full textFeret, Véronique. "Vectorisation de vitamines liposolubles par les émulsions lipidiques injectables." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05P127.
Full textAmbrosi, Pierre. "Hyperhomocystéinémie expérimentale et clinique : place du traitement par vitamines." Aix-Marseille 2, 1999. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/1999AIX20656.pdf.
Full textMatagrin, Benjamin. "Analyse des causes et des conséquences de la résistance aux anti-vitamines K associée à l’activité Vitamine K époxyde réductase." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10136.
Full textNdaw, Sophie. "L'Extraction enzymatique de vitamines du groupe B (thiamine, riboflavine, vitamine B6, niacine, biotine et folates) présentes dans les aliments et leur dosage par fluorimétrie après isolement par chromatographie en phase liquide." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR13096.
Full textLevy, Yann. "Rôle des vitamines et des éléments traces en enzymologie : étiologies de leur subcarence." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05P019.
Full textChipot, Claire. "Mucoviscidose et vitamine A." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05P128.
Full textJoomye, Mohammad K. "Rachitisme vitamino-résistant par déficit en 1-alpha-hydroxylase." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR2M029.
Full textPaubelle, Etienne. "Thérapies des leucémies aiguës myéloblastiques au travers du ciblage du récepteur à la vitamine D : une perspective pour l’éradication des cellules souches leucémiques ?" Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA11T098.
Full textAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous group of malignancies representing approximately 70% of acute leukemias. There is a proliferation of immature cells belonging to the myeloid lineage commonly called myeloblasts or blasts. Current treatments are mainly based on antimitotic chemotherapy. Iron homeostasis is a target for the treatment of AML blasts inducing cell differentiation. The mechanism involves the modulation of ROS. Their action is synergistic with that of Vitamin D (VD) through the activation of MAPK. This association has been used successfully in several patients for a doubling of life expectancy. Then, we show that Vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression was impaired in undifferentiated/immature AML subtypes and that decreased expression of VDR and VDR-targeted genes was correlated with a negative prognosis of patients. Molecular mechanism resulting in the blockade of VDR expression involved VDR promoter methylation. VDR-deficient mice showed an expansion of the hematopoietic stem cell compartment which presented an improved quiescent status and decreased ROS levels that have been shown to be involved in both AML differentiation and stem cells longevity. Moreover, malignant transformation of VDR-deficient cells resulted in limited myeloid differentiation, increased numbers of early hematopoietic progenitors and those cells presented an enhanced self-renewal potential and were resistant to DNA methyltransferase inhibitors and to chemotherapy. Finally, induction of VDR expression in AML models by combined treatment of demethylating agents and VDR agonists decreased stemness, promoted cell differentiation, blocked tumor propagation and restored sensitivity to chemotherapy. Therefore, we propose that VDR is a master gene controlling stemness and proliferation/cell differentiation of normal hematopoietic stem cells and leukemic cells. Thus, combination of demethylation agents and VDR agonists may be used therapeutically to treat AML
Acouetey-Ardoin, Dovi Stéphanie. "Déterminants génétiques, nutritionnels et métaboliques de l'asthme professionnel." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0213/document.
Full textOccupational asthma (OA) is the occupational respiratory disease most common in industrialized countries. It is a multifactorial disease involving a large number of risk factors genetic, constitutional, behavioral and environmental. At the genetic level, occupational asthma is a good model for the study of adult asthma and the mechanisms of interaction gene-gene-environment masking or modulating effect of genetic remain to be elucidated. None epidemiological studies on occupational asthma have examined the role of genetic factors in a very early exposure to allergens and airborne irritants. We initially assess the role of genetic polymorphisms related to inflammation and allergy, namely IL4RA, IL13, TNF, IL1A and IL5, on the decline of lung function, bronchial hyperresponsiveness and increasing of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) in 441 apprentice bakers / pastry-makers and hairdressers (MIBAP study). In this first part we observed interactions between IL13 and IL13 R130Q R130Q/IL4RA S478P / / IL4RA Q551R and decreased forced expiratory volume or forced vital capacity. The GG genotype of TNFA-G308A was found associated with bronchial hyperreactivity in the general population and in non-atopic subjects, we also observed that some gene-gene interactions were associated with a change in the FeNO after two years of training. In a second time, nutritionals determinants of asthma were investigated in a population of young workers employed in these occupations at risk from 3 to 10 years (ABCD study). Intake of vitamins, especially vitamins A, C, E,D, and polyunsaturated fatty acids omega 3 and 6 were studied by frequency questionnaire, the diagnosis of occupational asthma is achieved through a battery of tools (review clinical spirometry and reversibility of bronchial obstruction, FeNO measurement and examination of serum specific IgE). The results on 31 cases of occupational asthma and 196 controls showed a difference in terms of the sector: among bakers, no nutritional factor is objectified, unlike the hairdresser's asthmatics that have higher intakes vitamins A and D. B12 deficiency appears to be a risk factor for onset of occupational asthma regardless of the sector. In contrast, no correlation was found with serum levels of homocysteine and vitamin B9. Through studies in these young people at risk, it appears that the expression of certain risk factors of occupational asthma is flexible, depending on the type of exposure. The emergence of a disease such as occupational asthma involves multiple factors, most of which can be controlled and limited by effective preventive measures
Martineau, Christine. "Stabilité des vitamines dans les mélanges de nutrition parentérale en pédiatrie." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05P143.
Full textLaillou, Arnaud. "Vitamins and minerals deficiencies - From epidemiology to food fortification strategy : Vietnam case study." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20041/document.
Full textBackground: Food fortification is an effective strategy to combat micronutrient deficiencies. However, there are many critical steps, such as assessing the population's needs, obtaining support from the government and industries, choosing the food vehicle, selecting the right micronutrient(s) and the dosage and finally monitoring. Objective: The overall objective of this thesis is to assess and discuss the challenges of food fortification in Vietnam. Methodology: The following methods were used: a cross-sectional study, a consumption survey, an impact study, a stability study, a cost-implication study, two literature reviews, a validation study, and lessons learned from GAIN funded fortification programs. Results: Micronutrient deficiencies in women and children in Vietnam are still widespread and often overlap. Although there is no consensus on which indicator is best to use to determine zinc status, zinc deficiency prevalence seems to be high. Numerous fortification initiatives have shown that the support from the government and the industry is essential in order to be successful. The Vietnamese government has recognized the need to fight micronutrient deficiencies. Suitable food vehicles for fortification in Vietnam are vegetable oil and rice, as well as fish sauce, soy sauce, wheat flour and possibly flavoring powders and complementary foods. However, there are issues that need to be carefully studied, such as the peroxide level in the oil, the presence of absorption inhibitors in the flour, or the risk of sedimentation in sauces. When adding micronutrients to foods, factors such as costs, quality and safety need to be considered. Finally, fortification needs to be carefully monitored to assure quality and to supervise the effect on the population's health. Conclusion: Before food fortification can be implemented and be effective in Vietnam, a series of challenges will need to be overcome
Castagnino, Douglas de Souza. "Vitamines B, éléments clés de l'efficacité métabolique : effets de la nature de la diète sur les apports." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26927.
Full textResearch on B vitamins and ruminant nutrition reported that the amounts of these nutrients available for the animals vary according to the nature of the diet. These differences are due to changes in microbial populations in the rumen caused by several physical and chemical characteristics of the diets. However, data regarding how those factors affect B-vitamin supply are limited. A better quantitative understanding of dietary factors driving ruminal synthesis and degradation of B vitamins will help to identify conditions favoring vitamin supplementation to the cow. The objective of this thesis was to evaluate the effects of forage family, plant maturity and forage particle length on B-vitamin supply to lactating dairy cows. To evaluate each of these variables, concentrations of thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folates and vitamin B12 were measured in feed and duodenal digesta samples collected during three studies carried out at the University of Michigan by Dr. Allen’s team. In the first study, the effect of forage family was evaluated in two similar trials, where diets containing either alfalfa or orchardgrass silages were offered to lactating dairy cows. Diets based on alfalfa silage resulted in a greater degradation of thiamin and vitamin B6 in the rumen compared with diets based on orchardgrass silages. The second study assessed the effects of plant maturity at harvest on the amounts of B vitamins available to the cow; the two trials differed by the studied forage family, alfalfa or orchardgrass. Increasing maturity at harvest of forages increased the amounts of thiamin, niacin and folates reaching the sites of absorption with diets based on alfalfa silages whereas it only decreased riboflavin duodenal flow with diets based on orchardgrass silages. In the third study, the effects of alfalfa and orchardgrass silage particle length (10 vs. 19 mm) on the fate of B vitamins in digestive tract of dairy cows were studied. Increasing wilting time in the field decreased B-vitamin concentrations in both silages. Nevertheless, for both forage families, the length of silage particles had no effect on the amounts of B vitamins reaching the duodenum of cows. Overall, the results from these three studies highlighted that there was a negative correlation between the apparent synthesis of riboflavin, niacin and vitamin B6 and their intake, suggesting that ruminal bacteria reduced the synthesis of these vitamins when their dietary supply was augmented. In addition, starch and nitrogen intakes were positively correlated with the ruminal synthesis of thiamin, folates and vitamin B12, but negatively correlated with the synthesis of niacin. These correlations suggest that microorganisms that use starch play a major role in the synthesis or the degradation of these vitamins. Moreover, these processes are affected by the nitrogen supply. The continuation of this work will be the modeling of these data, which will help to better understand the digestion physiology of these vitamins and allow the creation of mathematical models able to predict duodenal B-vitamin flow in cows. These models will allow feed formulation software to design more adequate diets, which will improve herd health and milk performance and increase dairy farmer profits.
Mongarde, Marielle. "La supplémentation en oligo-éléments et vitamines au cours de la grossesse." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR2P073.
Full textPerrocheau, Luc Piloquet Hugues. "Prescription de vitamine D chez l'enfant et l'adolescent enquête auprès des médecins généralistes de Loire-Atlantique /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=34546.
Full textEl, Abdaïmi Khadija. "Étiopathogénie des hypophosphatémies familiale et à début tardif : recherche d'un facteur circulant hyperphosphaturiant." Paris 12, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA120042.
Full textBatifoulier, Frédérique. "Maîtrise des teneurs en vitamines B du pain et étude de la biodisponibilité de la thiamine du pain sur un modèle rat in vivo." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CLF1MM07.
Full textMouyna, Jean-Luc. "Etude de l'apport vitaminique en nutrition parentérale." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05P133.
Full textCaillat, Sylvie. "L'hypocalcémie tardive du nouveau-né à terme : ses relations avec le statut vitaminique D maternel : à propos de six observations." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON11214.
Full textPakin, Caroline. "Le dosage de vitamines du groupe B (acide pantothénique et cobalamines) dans les aliments après isolement chromatographique et détection fluorimétrique." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2004/PAKIN_Caroline_2004.pdf.
Full textThe developped method for the free pantothenic acid consists of a purification of the samples by successive passages through anion and cation exchange cartridges, then an isolation by reversed-phase chromatography followed by a post-column derivatization of pantothenic acid as a fluorescent isoindole (reaction of -alanin, formed by hot alkaline hydrolysis of pantothenic acid, with ortho-phthaldialdehyde in the presence of mercaptopropionic acid). An extraction procedure in two steps, first treatment by pepsin (hydrolysis of forms bound to proteins), then treatment by alkaline phosphatase and pantetheinase (hydrolysis of coenzyme A), allows to release the total vitamin B5 in the pantothenic acid form. As for free vitamin B12, the proposed protocol contains a very specific purification by passage through an immunoaffinity column, with concentration of the extract, then a transformation of the vitamin into ribazole (obtained by hot alkaline hydrolysis followed by a treatment by alkaline phosphatase). The fluorescent compound is then analysed by fluorimetry after a separation by reversed-phase chromatography. An enzymatic hydrolysis by pepsin allows to release the different forms of vitamin B12 bound to proteins and thus to obtain an estimation of the total vitamin B12 amount. These sensitive and repetable methods give good recovery rates. Owing to their low detection limit (0,65 µg. G-1 for the vitamin B5 and 1 ng. G-1 for the vitamine B12) and the good resolution of the peaks (respectively of pantothenic acid and of ribazole), they could most probably be applied to the determination of these vitamins in any foodstuff
Nikolova, Yoana. "Développement de matrices alimentaires permettant de protéger des substances actives lors des traitements thermiques." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0102.
Full textDehydrated products make it possible to optimize the storage and transport of food products. Food powder mixes distributed to the consumer display nutritional guarantees in terms of qualitative and quantitative inputs. However, the nutritional value of the product after reconstitution and cooking, is not guaranteed. This PhD work focuses on the evaluation of vitamins losses due to food processing in relation to the effect of the food matrix. Losses measured after the heat treatment were not negligible, making the encapsulation necessary to meet the objective of the thesis to guarantee a sufficient vitamins content after reconstitution and heat treatment of the dehydrated food product. Different matrices have been tested at the laboratory scale and industrial scales. Some of these matrices, such as dairy proteins and starch, have proved to be very interesting and allowed the preservation of vitamin C during heat treatment. To finalize the study, it was essential to take into account that the vitamin C-encapsulating powders will be stored before and after their distribution. To ensure that they maintain a sufficient vitamin C content during storage, accelerated aging has been carried out. Thus this thesis made it possible to provide concrete answers to the posed industrial problem, which was to guarantee the vitamin C content of the commercial products after reconstitution and heat treatment
Zimmer, Mathilde Olivier Christophe. "Relation micronutriments antioxydants et cancer place de la supplémentation en vitamines et oligoéléments /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://theses.univ-nantes.fr/thesemed/PHzimmer.pdf.
Full textStambouli, Selwa. "Etudes des vitamines et des oligo-elements anti-oxydants dans le vieillissement cerebral." Aix-Marseille 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX20653.
Full textGrelet, Elise. "Identification des mécanismes moléculaires et cellulaires sous jacents à la perte de Pten dans l’épithélium prostatique murin et étude du rôle de la Vitamine D dans la carcinogenèse prostatique." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAJ111.
Full textProstate cancer is the 2nd leading cause of cancer-related deaths in males of western societies. Mutations or deletion of the PTEN locus are common in prostate cancer, and are associated with metastasis and resistance to therapeutic castration. Our results show that Pten-loss induces the proliferation of PEC leading to the formation of PIN. The hyperproliferation of PEC induces DDR followed by senescence entry of PEC. Epidemiological studies highlighted that low Vitamin D levels correlate with aggressive prostate cancer. We show that Vdr and Gemini-72, an hypocalcemic Vitamin D analog, have anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory activities during PIN formation. Moreover, the Gemini-72 induces apoptosis in senescent cells, modulates the immune response and consequently decreases the number of High Grade PIN and reduces the stromal reaction. Thus, our study demonstrate the major role of Vitamin D signaling in prostate carcinogenesis
Thomas, Emmanuel. "Nouveaux analogues de la vitamine D, agents de la différenciation cellulaire : conception, synthèse et évaluation biologique." Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA114819.
Full textThe hormonally active metabolite of vitamin D : calcitriol, is now recognized as an important cell-cycle regulator, which influences cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, in addition to its classical role in calcium homeostasis. The synthesis of new non hypercalcemic vitamin D analogs showing cellular differentiation effects, is the purpose of this work. The conception of these new compounds lies in a key-step Negishi-type coupling reaction which is fully described. The preparation of various vinylbromides and polyhydroxylated phenylhalides compounds, as analogs precursors, is also reported. Last but not least, the new vitamin D analogs have been tested for their affinity to VDR receptor and for their capacity to initiate cellular differentiation
Le, Goaziou Marie-France. "L’hypovitaminose D dans les populations adultes jeunes qui consultent le médecin généraliste : Lien avec les douleurs musculo-squelettiques diffuses et chroniques." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10255/document.
Full textHypovitaminosis D is common in populations which consult GP's. Manu studies have been conducted which revealed high prevalence of severe hypovitaminosis in young people. risk factors were covered clothes, high BMI, dark phottype, precarity, no sunhbathing, no sun holidays, no sport outdoor. Quality of life was correlated with vitamin D levels. Patients with chronic musculo skeletal pains had very low level of vitamin D < 10 ng/ml for 25%. The supplementation cured the pains for more than 50 % of the patients and decreased the consumption of medicines and care. It will be be very important to consider this problem of public health for young people
Penaranda, Thierry. "Contribution expérimentale a l'évaluation du statut vitaminique chez le sportif." Dijon, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987DIJOS039.
Full textAziz, Hermansyah. "Photochimie fine avec le dioxyde de carbone comme solvant." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPL056N.
Full textAouad, Maya. "Etude préclinique du potentiel thérapeutique des stéroïdes neuroactifs endogènes dans les douleurs pathologiques." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA6229.
Full textNeurosteroids are synthesized by neurons and glial cells in the nervous system from cholesterol or by intermediate metabolites having crossed the blood brain barrier. 3α reduced neurosteroids (3αNS), such as allopregnanolone, display interesting analgesic properties, if administered exogenously. However, their use is limited by known side effects related to functional tolerance, sedation and possible physical dependence after cessation of the treatment. In the laboratory, we have adopted a strategy aimed at stimulating the production of 3αNS. To do so, we used etifoxine (Stresam™), a non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic which preferentially binds to a mitochondrial translocator protein (TSPO) and stimulates cholesterol metabolization into 3αNS. In the first part of this work, we characterized the analgesic effect of this molecule in several models of chronic pain. In animals exhibiting neuropathic pain symptoms resulting from a chemotherapy or a chronic nerve compression, etifoxine treatment significantly reduced the pain symptoms. When administered before the induction of pain, it completely prevented the appearance of the pain symptoms. Etifoxine also reduced inflammatory-driven pain symptoms caused by a knee monoarthritis. These analgesic effects were all attributed to the endogenous synthesis of 3αNS and persisted even in the absence of gonads and surrenals. In the second part of the work, we identified novel mechanisms of action explaining etifoxine analgesia. First, the overall spinal inflammatory response was reduced after the etifoxine treatment as attested by reduced expression of proinflammatory cytokines, COX2 and PGE2 levels. Moreover, activation of microglial cells seen in painful animals was not detected in etifoxine-treated animals. As a result, spinal inhibition was optimized by etifoxine treatment through a recovery from PGE2 induced glycinergic disinhibition, potentiation of GABAergic transmission and a possible re-establishment of normal chloride gradients controlled by the exporter KCC2. Together, spinal nociceptive processing of painful animals treated by etifoxine was not different to that seen in control (pain free) animals. In the last part of this work, we characterized the analgesic effects of vitamin D3, a secosteroid showing structural similarities to neurosteroids, in neuropathic and inflammatory pain models. Supplementation with vitamin D3 strongly reduced pain symptoms in rats suffering from knee monoarthritis or sciatic neuropathy. Molecular and cellular signaling explaining the beneficial effects of vitamin D3 are currently under investigation. In summary, this work helps highlight the therapeutic potential of endogenous neurosteroids in the treatment of inflammatory and neuropathic pain in animals. The etifoxine and vitamin D3 are already prescribed in France and have very little side effects. The new therapeutical approaches and the mechanisms of action described in this preclinical work could quickly lead to the development of clinical trials in humans or alternatively, help clinicians improve the current therapies
Caron, Guillaume. "Calcipotriol et psoriasis vulgaire." Amiens, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AMIEP043.
Full textSafi, Amal. "Contribution à la purification et à la caractérisation physico-chimique des protéines de transport enterocytaire de la vitamine b12." Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN10438.
Full textPelaud, Guillaume Ballereau Françoise. "Apports Nutritionnels Conseillés des vitamines et minéraux chez l'enfant sportif discussion sur les compléments /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://theses.univ-nantes.fr/thesemed/PHpelaud.pdf.
Full textMercier, Pierre. "Consommation de médicaments et de vitamines pendant la grossesse dans la région de Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33525.
Full textMontréal Trigonix inc. 2018
Falvelly, Diane de. "Réponse immunitaire, sida et cancer: rôle du stress oxydant et des vitamines anti-oxydantes." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05P131.
Full textWEMMERT, CHRISTINE. "Action synergique des vitamines c et e sur la lipidoperoxydation : relation avec l'action des radicaux libres." Strasbourg 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STR15049.
Full text