Academic literature on the topic 'Vitamins'
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Journal articles on the topic "Vitamins"
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Peters Dikioye Emmanuel and Izu Esther. "Nutrient compositions of leaves of Bombax buonopozens." International Journal of Scientific Research Updates 3, no. 2 (May 30, 2022): 134–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.53430/ijsru.2022.3.2.0073.
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There is high prevalence of micronutrients deficiency in low income countries resulting to malnutrition. This stude was designed to evaluate the nutrient compositions of leaves of Bombax Buonopozense. Minerals, amino acids and vitamins constituents were investigated using AAS, amino acid analyzer, spectrophotometer respectively. Result of dietary minerals constituent in the leaves of B. buonopozense revealed a total of eight minerals- manganese (0.02±0.00), zinc (0.02±0.00), copper (0.03±0.00), cobalt (0.04±0.00), iron (0.06±0.00), sodium (3.13±0.20), calcium (93.72±0.20) and potassium (669.22±0.20) in ascending order of concentrations. Total of seventeen amino acids consisting of eight essential and nine non-essential amino acids were identified in the leaves- arginine, valine, methionine, leucine, threonine, phenylalanine, histidine, isoleucine, lysine, proline, serine, tyrosine, alanine, glycine, glutamate, aspartate and cysteine. Five water and two fat soluble vitamins totaling seven in all were present, they are vitaminB6 (34.08± 0.20), vitaminB1 (22.74± 0.20), vitamineB2 (22.29± 0.20), vitamin A (15.91 ± 0.20), vitaminB12 (10.31± 0.20), vitaminE (9.33± 0.20µ/l), vitaminB3 (0.95± 0.02) vitamin C (0.42± 0.02) in decending order. Bombax Buonopozense leaves are rich in micro nutrients hence could as supplement in micronutrients deficient diet to prevent micronutrients deficiency.
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Norbitt, Claire F., Wandia Kimita, Sakina H. Bharmal, Juyeon Ko, and Maxim S. Petrov. "Relationship between Habitual Intake of Vitamins and New-Onset Prediabetes/Diabetes after Acute Pancreatitis." Nutrients 14, no. 7 (April 1, 2022): 1480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14071480.
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Vitamins have many established roles in human health. However, the role of habitual dietary intake of vitamins in glucose homeostasis in individuals after acute pancreatitis (AP) is yet to be elucidated. The aim was to investigate the associations between habitual intake of fat- and water-soluble vitamins/vitamers and markers of glucose metabolism (fasting plasma glucose (FPG), homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, and homeostasis model assessment β-cell function (HOMA-β)) in individuals after AP. A total of 106 participants after AP were included in this cross-sectional study and were grouped based on glycaemic status: new-onset prediabetes/diabetes after AP (NODAP), pre-existing prediabetes/type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and normoglycaemia after AP (NAP). Habitual intake of seven fat-soluble vitamins/vitamers and seven water-soluble vitamins were determined by the EPIC-Norfolk food frequency questionnaire. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted using five statistical models built to adjust for covariates (age, sex, daily energy intake, visceral/subcutaneous fat volume ratio, smoking status, daily alcohol intake, aetiology of AP, number of AP episodes, cholecystectomy, and use of antidiabetic medications). In the NODAP group, three fat-soluble vitamins/vitamers (α-carotene, β-carotene, and total carotene) were significantly associated with HOMA-β. One water-soluble vitamin (vitamin B3) was also significantly associated with HOMA-β in the NODAP group. None of the studied vitamins were significantly associated with FPG or HOMA-IR in the NODAP group. Prospective longitudinal studies and randomised controlled trials are now warranted to investigate if the observed associations between vitamin/vitamer intake and NODAP are causal and to unveil the specific mechanisms underlying their involvement with NODAP.
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McDowell, L. R. "Vitamin nutrition of livestock animals: Overview from vitamin discovery to today." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 86, no. 2 (June 1, 2006): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a05-057.
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The term “vitamin” or “vitamine” was first used in 1912. What later became known as vitamin deficiency diseases — scurvy, beriberi, night blindness and xeropthalmia — had plagued the world from antiquity. From 1900 through the 1930s, experiments with animals helped to advance knowledge of vitamins considerably. There are 15 vitamins of significance for livestock. A number of factors influence vitamin requirements and vitamin utilization, including physiological make-up and production function; confinement rearing without pasture; stress, disease and adverse environmental conditions; vitamin antagonists; use of antimicrobial drugs; and body vitamin reserves. Under commercial livestock and poultry production conditions, vitamin allowances higher than National Research Council (USA) requirements may be needed for optimum performance. Generally, the optimum vitamin supplementation level is the quantity that achieves the best growth rate, feed utilization and health (including immune competency), while also providing adequate body reserves. Key words: Vitamins, history, deficiency, requirements, supplementation
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Alamsyah, A. Z., N. Maharai, F. Fulyani, and G. Anjani. "Protein-fatty acid complexes as delivery agent for fat-soluble vitamin: a review." Food Research 8, no. 1 (February 20, 2024): 281–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.8(1).037.
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Fat-soluble vitamins such as A, D, E, and K have an essential role in maintaining health. Deficiencies of vitamins A, D, E, and K are commonly known to cause night blindness, osteomalacia, increased oxidative cell stress, and hemorrhage. Vitamins are chemically reactive compounds that are fragile due to their sensitive and unstable nature. Aside from being prone to degradation due to environmental factors, the vitamins encounter various digestion factors that potentially affect their bioaccessibility and bioavailability when ingested. During digestion, the low pH environment of gastric juice may affect the bioavailability of vitamins. Decreasing vitamin bioavailability may lead to vitamin deficiency. Many methods are used for maintenance and improving vitamin bioavailability in the body. Using an encapsulation system can be helpful because it can maintain the vitamin's properties in the digestion system to optimize their benefits/uses and their bioavailability. The encapsulated substance is referred to as the core material, active agent, internal phase, or payload phase. The substance encapsulates is a coating, membrane, shell, carrier material, wall material, external phase, or matrix. It is important to use the transport medium as food and to create a barrier between the active agent and its environment. Proteins and fats are biomacromolecules that are good candidates for vitamin encapsulation. This article reviewed the protein-fatty acid complex (liprotides) potencies as a protecting and delivery agent for fat-soluble vitamins.
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Semba, Richard D. "The Discovery of the Vitamins." International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 82, no. 5 (October 1, 2012): 310–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000124.
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The discovery of the vitamins was a major scientific achievement in our understanding of health and disease. In 1912, Casimir Funk originally coined the term vitamine. The major period of discovery began in the early nineteenth century and ended at the mid-twentieth century. The puzzle of each vitamin was solved through the work and contributions of epidemiologists, physicians, physiologists, and chemists. Rather than a mythical story of crowning scientific breakthroughs, the reality was a slow, stepwise progress that included setbacks, contradictions, refutations, and some chicanery. Research on the vitamins that are related to major deficiency syndromes began when the germ theory of disease was dominant and dogma held that only four nutritional factors were essential: proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and minerals. Clinicians soon recognized scurvy, beriberi, rickets, pellagra, and xerophthalmia as specific vitamin deficiencies, rather than diseases due to infections or toxins. Experimental physiology with animal models played a fundamental role in nutrition research and greatly shortened the period of human suffering from vitamin deficiencies. Ultimately it was the chemists who isolated the various vitamins, deduced their chemical structure, and developed methods for synthesis of vitamins. Our understanding of the vitamins continues to evolve from the initial period of discovery.
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Cori, Osvaldo. "Vitamine I — Fettlosliche vitamine (vitamins I — fat soluble vitamins)." Biochemical Education 13, no. 1 (January 1985): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0307-4412(85)90137-2.
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Məmməd oğlu Məmmədov, Şahmar, and Rinat Raviloviç Qadiyev. "Aerosol treatment of day-old chickens with vitamins and medicines." NATURE AND SCIENCE 23, no. 8 (August 17, 2022): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2707-1146/23/19-24.
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Məqalədə bir günlük cücələrin vitamin və dərman preparatları ilə aerozol müalicəsinin tətbiqi üzrə elmi tədqiqatların məlumatları verilir. A vitamini ilə müalicə edildikdə, bir günlük cücələri yağda həll olunan vitaminlərin aerozolları ilə müalicə etmək mümkün olduğu qənaətinə gəldik. Belə ki, onun ağciyər toxumasında konsentrasiyası aşağı, qanda isə eyni müalicə müddəti ilə suda həll olunan B1 vitamini ilə müqayisədə daha yüksək olmuşdur. Dispergirləşən (dağılan) mayedə farmazinin konsentrasiyasının çoxalması və emal müddətinin artırılması cücələrin ağciyər toxumasında və qaraciyərində antibiotikin konsentrasiyasının artmasına səbəb olmur. Açar sözlər: aerozol müalicəsi, dərmanlar, sutkalıq cücələr, yağda həll olunan vitaminlər, farmazin Shahmar Mammad Mammadov Rinat Ravilovich Gadiyev Aerosol treatment of day-old chickens with vitamins and medicines Abstract The article presents the data of scientific research on the use of aerosol treatment with vitamins and medicines of day-old chickens. When treated with vitamin A, it was concluded that it was possible to treat day-old chickens with aerosols of fat-soluble vitamins, since its concentration in the lung tissue was lower and in the blood was higher compared to water-soluble vitamin B1 with the same duration of treatment. An increase in the concentration of pharmazine in the dispersed liquid and an increase in the duration of treatment do not cause an increase in the concentration of the antibiotic in the lung tissue and liver of chickens. Keywords: aerosol treatment, medications, daily chickens, fat-soluble vitamins, pharmazine
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Ibrahim, Mohammad, Shabina Khan, Sanchita Pathak, Mohd Mazhar, and Harpreet Singh. "Vitamin B-Complex and its Relationship with the Health of Vegetarian People." Natural Resources for Human Health 3, no. 3 (August 23, 2023): 342–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.53365/nrfhh/169824.
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Vitamins are essential for a healthy life. Compared to other nutrients, the body needs them in very small amounts. B vitamins, often known as the vitamin B complex, are a class of water-soluble vitamins with key functions in cellular metabolism. Thiamine (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), niacin (vitamin B3), pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), pyridoxine (vitamin B6), biotin (vitamin B7), folate (vitamin B9), often known as folic acid, and cobalamin (vitamin B12) are the eight distinct vitamins that collectively constitute the vitamin B complex. The body's energy levels, cognitive activity, and cell metabolism are all directly impacted by B vitamins. Four main factors contribute to vitamin B deficiency: an unbalanced diet, excessive alcohol intake, different drugs, and disorders that induce gut malabsorption. If these B vitamin deficiencies are left untreated, they can eventually cause symptoms such as peripheral neuropathy, heart attacks, strokes etc. B vitamins are present in natural, whole foods. Compared to their unprocessed counterparts, white flour and other processed carbohydrates like sugar often contain fewer B vitamins. Excellent sources of vitamins Bs comprise legumes (beans or pulses), potatoes, bananas, whole grains, tempeh, chilli peppers, brewer's yeast, nutritional yeast, and molasses. This paper provides an in-depth summary of the most popular types of vitamin B, emphasizing why the body needs them, the symptoms of a deficiency, and what diet or foods are rich in them.
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Hasanato, Rana M. "Low Levels of Zinc and Anti-Oxidant Vitamines (A, C & E) in Patients with Sickle Cell Anemia." Blood 106, no. 11 (November 16, 2005): 3781. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.3781.3781.
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Abstract Background : Patients with sickle cell anemia have a higher potential for oxidative damage due to chronic redox imbalance in their red blood cells that often leads to hemolysis, endothelial injury and recurrent vaso-occlusive episodes. In this study, we evaluated plasma levels of the anti-oxidant vitamins A, C,& E and serum level of Zinc along with serum level of Copper (pro-oxidant ). Patients and methods: 25 adult patients with documented severe sickle cell anemia and frequent painful episodes (12 males & 13 females, aged 29.27 +/− 12.94 years) and 25 matched normal controls were studied. Plasma levels of Vitamins A, C, & E were measured by HPLC technique and serum levels of zinc & copper were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. Results: (Table ): Conclusion These results indicate that levels of Vitamines A, C, and E and Zinc are significantly low in patients with sickle cell anemia in comparison with matched normal controls. Besides, Copper level, which is a well known pro-oxidant, is significantly higher in sickle cell anemia patients. Therefore, supplementing sickle cell anemia patients with anti-oxidant vitamins and trace elements may contribute to the amilioration of symptoms and severity of sickle cell anemia Levels of Vitamine A, C, & E , Zinc & Copper in patients with Sickle cell anemia and normal controls Tested Items SCS patients Control group P-value Results are shown as mean +/− standard deviation., SCA = Sickle cell anemia Vitamin A level mcg/l 0.13 +/− 0.03 0.33 +/−0.05 <0.0001 Vitamin C level mg/l 9.00 +/− 3.43 20.32 +/−3.74 <0.0001 Vitamin E level, mcg/l 1.95 +/− .0.69 4.30 +/−0.80 <0.0001 Zinc level mmol/l 9.00 +/− 1.89 11.81 +/−1.93 <0.0001 Copper level mmol/l 24.58 +/− 4.87 18.42 +/−3.06 <0.0001
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Kotake-Nara, Eiichi, Shiro Komba, and Megumi Hase. "Uptake of Vitamins D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, and D7 Solubilized in Mixed Micelles by Human Intestinal Cells, Caco-2, an Enhancing Effect of Lysophosphatidylcholine on the Cellular Uptake, and Estimation of Vitamins D’ Biological Activities." Nutrients 13, no. 4 (March 29, 2021): 1126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13041126.
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Vitamins D have various biological activities, as well as intestinal calcium absorption. There has been recent concern about insufficient vitamin D intake. In addition to vitamins D2 and D3, there are lesser-known vitamins D4–D7. We synthesized vitamins D5–D7, which are not commercially available, and then evaluated and compared the mixed micelles-solubilized vitamins D uptake by Caco-2 cells. Except for vitamin D5, the uptake amounts of vitamins D4–D7 by differentiated Caco-2 cells were similar to those of vitamins D2 and D3. The facilitative diffusion rate in the ezetimibe inhibited pathway was approximately 20% for each vitamin D type, suggesting that they would pass through the pathway at a similar rate. Lysophosphatidylcholine enhanced each vitamin D uptake by approximately 2.5-fold. Lysophosphatidylcholine showed an enhancing effect on vitamin D uptake by reducing the intercellular barrier formation of Caco-2 cells by reducing cellular cholesterol, suggesting that increasing the uptakes of vitamins D and/or co-ingesting them with lysophosphatidylcholine, would improve vitamin D insufficiency. The various biological activities in the activated form of vitamins D4–D7 were estimated by Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS) online simulation. These may have some biological activities, supporting the potential as nutritional components.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Vitamins"
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Moreschi, Elaine Cristina Pinto. "Desenvolvimento e validação de métodos cromatográficos e avaliação da estabilidade de vitaminas hidrossolúveis em alimentos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9131/tde-15032007-140659/.
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A adição de vitaminas aos produtos industrializados tornou-se prática comum para as indústrias de alimentos e os teores adicionados devem obedecer à legislação brasileira durante toda a vida de prateleira dos produtos. Sabendo da sensibilidade das vitaminas a fatores como oxigênio, luz e calor, é essencial conhecer o comportamento destes compostos no alimento frente aos fatores críticos. Informações confiáveis sobre teores de vitaminas somente podem ser obtidas com métodos analíticos validados. Neste trabalho foi desenvolvido e validado um método de análise para vitaminas B1, B2, B6 e PP em leite em pó/fórmulas infantis, cereais e bebidas instantâneas por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência com uma única etapa de extração que apresentou recuperações de 90 a 120% dependendo do teor e da matriz analisada. Após a validação do método analítico, foi avaliada a estabilidade das vitaminas em amostras submetidas a diferentes condições de estocagem durante 10 meses. Os resultados mostram que a principal causa de perda das vitaminas B2 e B6 é a exposição à luz, que pode ser agravada pela temperatura e/ou presença de oxigênio no meio, enquanto as vitaminas PP e B1 mostraram-se bem estáveis sob as diferentes condições e no tempo estudado.Food fortification with vitamins is a very common practice in food industry and the added content must be in compliance with Brazilian Legislation during the whole product shelf life. Due to the vitamins sensibility to light, temperature and oxygen it\'s necessary to know the behavior of these compounds when submitted to these critical conditions. Trustful information about the vitamins content just can be obtained from validated analytical methods. In this work it was developed and validated a HPLC method for determination of vitamins B1, B2, B6 e PP in milk/infant formula, cereals and beverage powders with the same extract which presented recoveries within 90 and 120% depending on the matrix and the vitamins level. After method validation, the vitamins stability in different samples was evaluated during 10 months under different storage conditions. The results showed the high sensitivity of vitamins B2 and B6 to light exposure that can become worse when samples were exposed to high temperature and oxygen. Vitamins PP and B1 had very stable behavior under the studied conditions and for the period of this study.
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Pires, Micaela Diegues. "O poder das vitaminas." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/3570.
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Trabalho apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências FarmacêuticasAs vitaminas são compostos orgânicos, presentes em alguns alimentos, essenciais à vida de modo a proporcionarem um funcionamento normal do organismo e aproveitamento de energia por parte dos alimentos. No entanto, se houver um défice ou um excesso destes compostos podem surgir doenças que poderiam ser evitadas se se ingerisse a quantidade diária recomendada. Neste trabalho foi abordada a importância das vitaminas, os seus benefícios e malefícios, outras curiosidades e aspectos importantes sobre elas incluindo as quantidades diárias necessárias para o bom funcionamento do organismo evitando, assim, desequilíbrios. O objectivo deste trabalho é perceber o grau de conhecimento dos indivíduos sobre as vitaminas e tentar esclarecer o maior número de dúvidas que possam existir sobre este tema. Foram estudados 130 cidadãos do concelho de Porto com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos. O questionário consistiu em 20 perguntas, que incluíram perguntas de resposta fechada e de resposta aberta sobre vitaminas e suplementos vitamínicos. Incluiu também dados sócio-demográficos: idade e sexo; dados antropométricos: peso e estatura e dados específicos relativos ao conhecimento sobre as vitaminas (se o inquirido tomou suplementos e quem lhos indicou, qual o motivo para suplementação, que vitaminas o inquirido conhece, onde existe maior teor em determinada vitamina e questões sobre determinadas propriedades que estes nutrientes têm). Todos os participantes foram informados que este questionário se inseria numa tese de Mestrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas, tendo sido pedido a todos os inquiridos que fossem sinceros e que não tivessem receio de não saber qual a resposta correcta. Foi também explicado que os dados que fossem fornecidos seriam confidenciais. Todos os inquiridos assinaram uma declaração de consentimento informado. Efectuou-se uma análise estatística descritiva, sendo que os resultados serão apresentados na forma de média (desvio-padrão), mínimo e máximo e percentagens. Após a realização do questionário os dados foram tratados estatisticamente através do programa SPSS, versão 17.0 para Windows. De acordo com os resultados encontrados verificou-se que os motivos que levam à toma de um suplemento vitamínico são variados. Apesar da percentagem de respostas totalmente correctas ser superior à das totalmente erradas, a percentagem de respostas incompletas é muito significativa, e 6,92% é um número muito pequeno, o que comprova que esta amostra deveria estar melhor informada sobre o tema.
Vitamins are organic compounds, present in some foods, essential to life so as to provide a normal body function and use of energy from food. However, if an excess or a deficit of these compounds may arise diseases could be prevented if they ingest the recommended daily amount. In this work we addressed the importance of vitamins, their benefits and disadvantages, trivia and other important aspects about them including daily amounts necessary for the proper functioning of the body, thus avoiding imbalances. The aim of this study is to understand the degree of knowledge of individuals about the vitamins and try to clear as many doubts that may exist on this topic. We studied 130 citizens of the municipality of Porto aged over 18 years. The questionnaire consisted of 20 questions, which included closed-ended questions and open-response on vitamins and supplements. It also included socio-demographic data: age and sex, anthropometric data: weight and height data specifically related to knowledge about vitamins (if the respondent took supplements and those who lhos stated the reason for supplementation, vitamins that the respondent knows where there is a higher content of certain vitamin and questions about certain properties that have these nutrients). All participants were informed that this survey were part of a Master's thesis in Pharmaceutical Sciences, was asked to all respondents who were sincere and had no fear of not knowing what the correct answer. It was also explained that the data provided would be confidential. All respondents signed an informed consent form. It was performed a descriptive statistical analysis, and the results are presented as mean (standard deviation), minimum and maximum percentages. After completing the questionnaire data were statistically analyzed using SPSS, version 17.0 for Windows. According to the results it was found that the reasons that lead to taking a vitamin supplement are varied, regardless of age or sex. Although the percentage of completely correct answers to be superior to the completely wrong, the percentage of incomplete responses is very significant, and 6.92% is a very small number, which proves that this sample should be better informed on the subject.
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Bordignon, Juliany Cristiny Sonda. "Investigação da interação das vitaminas A e D com amido em diferentes condições de processamento térmico." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2013. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1536.
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Dissertação composta por 3 artigos.CAPES
Processar os alimentos pode estimular a formação de interações químicas entre nutrientes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a ocorrência de interação das vitaminas A e D com o amido de milho usando as técnicas de análise termogravimétrica (TGA) e espectrometria de infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FTIR) em diferentes condições de processamento – temperatura, tempo e concentração de vitamina. Dentre um total de 06 (seis) condições avaliadas, foi identificada a ocorrência de interação entre vitamina e amido em 03 (três) amostras. O resultado das análises em FTIR dos sistemas contendo vitamina A e D3 tratados por temperatura e tempo mais elevados apresentou maior diferença, com deslocamento de pico na região entre 3000-3800 cm-1 (-OH), verificando-se inclusive uma inversão na intensidade entre os picos de 1000 cm-1 e 1020 cm-1(C-O-C) em um dos sistemas enriquecidos com vitamina D. Conclui-se, portanto que, essas diferenças indicam possíveis interações entre a vitamina A ou D e o amido.
Processing foods can stimulate the formation of chemical interactions between nutrients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of interaction of vitamins A and D with cornstarch using the techniques of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and infrared spectroscopy Fourier transform (FTIR) at different processing conditions - temperature, time and vitamin concentration. Among a total of 06 (six) conditions evaluated, we identified the occurrence of interaction between vitamin and starch in 03 (three) samples. The results of the FTIR analysis on the systems containing vitamin D3 and treated with higher temperature and time showed greater difference, with peak displacement in the region between 3000-3800 cm-1 (-OH), including verifying an inversion intensity peaks between 1000 cm-1 and 1020 cm-1 (C-O-C) in a system fortified with vitamin D. We conclude, therefore, that these differences indicate possible interactions between vitamin A or D and starch.
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Sultan, Arwa. "Vitamin D and Depression in Women of Reproductive Age: Exploring Women’s Use of Vitamin D and Vitamin Supplements." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/24787.
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Background
Vitamin supplements are commonly used in women of reproductive age. There is a range of vitamin supplements such as iron, folate, vitamin B and vitamin D that are used. Deficiencies in vitamin D can result in adverse health outcomes, such as exacerbation of asthma and fractures. Some studies suggest that vitamin D deficiency may be associated with increases in depressive symptoms and severity. These associations need further exploration to ascertain confirmation, with more vigorous research.
Furthermore, there has been limited research on the reasons behind vitamin supplement use in women of reproductive age who originate from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) populations. These need further exploration to examine the beliefs, attitudes and practices of women regarding vitamin supplement use.
Aims and Objectives
Aims: To explore vitamin supplements use in women of reproductive age in terms of their beliefs, attitudes and practices particularly in CALD communities, with a focus on vitamin D and its potential role in depression in women of reproductive age.
Objectives: 1) To investigate any association of vitamin D deficiency with depression in women of reproductive age. 2) To examine whether vitamin D supplementation results in a decrease depressive symptoms and severity. 3) To explore the beliefs, attitudes and practices of women of reproductive age, including those from CALD backgrounds, in relation to vitamin supplement use. 4) To explore the beliefs, attitudes and practices of CALD women regarding the Hijab and vitamin D.
Content of this thesis
This thesis is made up of four chapters. Chapter 1 contains the background. The challenges identified in Chapter 1 led to the exploration of the effect of vitamin D on depression in women of reproductive age via a systematic review in Chapter 2. The qualitative study in Chapter 3 describes the factors behind the beliefs, attitudes and practices of women of reproductive age in terms of vitamin supplement use. Lastly Chapter 4 presents general discussion and conclusions from the work described in this thesis.
Methods
A systematic review was conducted to investigate the effect of vitamin D on depression in women of reproductive age based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement checklist (Chapter 2). A systematic search strategy was deployed in ten databases including Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, AMED, International pharmaceutical abstracts, Maternal and infant care, EBM ALL, Global health, and PubMed to identify primary studies that met eligibility criteria.
A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews was undertaken to explore the use of vitamin supplements in women of reproductive age. A semi-structured interview guide was developed and applied to facilitate the interview. Participants were recruited through advertisements in pharmacies, medical centres and community centres as well as via the distribution of flyers across a large university campus in Sydney, through social media, word of mouth and snowball sampling. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Interviews were conducted until thematic saturation was achieved and data was analysed. NVivo12 Plus Qualitative Data Analysis software (QSR International Pty Ltd. Version 12, 2019) was used to analyse the emerging themes. Initial codes were highlighted and organised into general themes and sub-themes, which were reviewed and refined.
Results
Chapter 2
Systematic review identified a total of 2377 studies through comprehensive search and search of cited references. After removing duplicates and based on title and abstract screening, 128 studies remained. Full text review yielded 21 observational studies (11 cohort studies and 10 cross-sectional studies) that assessed the association between vitamin D deficiency and depression and two intervention studies (two RCTs) that investigated women of reproductive age of 15-49 years in US, Australia, New Zealand, Asia, Europe, Middle East and South America.
Two cohort studies that showed no difference in depression scores in relation to vitamin D, while 9 other cohort studies reported that after measuring participants’ depression scores and vitamin D level over time, lower vitamin D levels were associated with higher depression scores. Similarly, there were two cross sectional studies that did not find an association between vitamin D level and depression scores. However, eight other cross-sectional studies showed that low vitamin D levels were linked with higher depression scores.
One RCT did not find any improvement in depression symptoms and severity based on the supplementation of vitamin D used. Another RCT showed a reduction in depression scores compared to controls.
Chapter 3
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 women aged 19-49 years old, all from CALD backgrounds. The beliefs, attitudes and practices regarding the use of vitamin supplements of women from CALD backgrounds were explored.
Thematic analysis generated four main themes: 1) health literary 2) cultural factors that influence vitamin supplement use 3) life circumstances and 4) women’s perception of health outcomes.
Health literacy and information sources were key factors that affected women’s decision-making about taking vitamin supplements; and sources such as Google were heavily relied upon. Moreover, cultural factors greatly influenced women’s initiation of vitamin supplement therapy. There were discrepancies regarding the impact of wearing the Hijab on vitamin D status and more research in this area is needed.
Conclusion
Prior to this research, there has been limited data on CALD women of reproductive age and their beliefs, attitudes and practices in terms of vitamin supplement usage. This body of research was the first to explore the use of vitamin supplements in women of reproductive age particularly from CALD backgrounds. Furthermore, it was also one of the few studies around the world that examined the effect of vitamin D on depression in women of reproductive age.
Findings from this body of work demonstrated the reoccurring themes that shaped women’s beliefs, attitudes and practices towards vitamin supplement use specifically include health literacy, cultural factors, life circumstances and women’s perception of health outcomes. This study also ascertained that CALD women of reproductive age had differing levels of health literacy and use of a range of information sources. This study also highlighted differing views regarding the practice of Hijab and rate of vitamin D supplementation. In addition, this study provides a basis for further studies to explore whether the practice of Hijab affects vitamin D levels, which has consequences for recommendations around vitamin D supplementation in countries where the Hijab is commonly worn.
There was an indication of an association between vitamin D deficiency and depression symptoms and severity from this research. However, the exact clinical association in terms of vitamin D being a causal factor in developing depression remains unclear. Supplementation with vitamin D that results in changing status from vitamin D deficient to vitamin D sufficient warrants further investigation, specifically to ascertain whether an optimal level is needed to achieve a reduction in depressive symptoms and severity.
Thesis overview
This thesis presents an analysis of previous research on the role of vitamin D deficiency in depression in women of reproductive age. It explores the role of supplementation with vitamin D on depression symptoms and severity. It also investigates the beliefs, attitudes and practices of women of reproductive age regarding their vitamin supplements usage. It examines the motivations behind usage in women particularly those from CALD backgrounds.
Rationale for this study
Vitamin D deficiency is common throughout the world, including Australia which has ample sunlight all year round. Low vitamin D status has been associated with multiple adverse health outcomes, one of which is depression (1). Consensus around the optimal level of vitamin D for women of reproductive age remains to be reached. It is critical to establish if a relationship between vitamin D levels and depression exists and what that relationship is in women of reproductive age. In order to evaluate this association, a systematic review of past studies was undertaken to examine the effect of vitamin D on depression in women of reproductive age. This is further discussed in Chapter 2 of this thesis.
Similarly, vitamin supplementation use has grown in the last decade worldwide and in Australia (2). This may be due to increased advertising and availability, cultural influences, affordability and increase in the use of social media platforms. It is important to understand the beliefs, attitudes and cultural practices especially in women of reproductive age, around their use of vitamin supplements. In order to explore this research question, a qualitative study was undertaken to explore the use of vitamin supplements in women of reproductive age from CALD backgrounds. This is further discussed in Chapter 3 of this thesis.
Research aim, objectives and research questions
The overall aim of this project was to explore the use of vitamin supplements in women of reproductive age, with a focus on CALD communities as well as investigating vitamin D and its possible association with depression in women of reproductive age.
The specific objectives of this research were to:
• Evaluate the effect of vitamin D status on depression and depressive symptoms.
• Explore the use of vitamin supplements in women of reproductive age, particularly in women of CALD backgrounds, with a particular focus on vitamin D
• Describe the beliefs, attitudes, and practices of women of reproductive age, particularly women from CALD backgrounds, regarding vitamin supplement use.
The research questions were:
• Does vitamin D deficiency affect depression and depressive symptoms?
• What level of vitamin D is needed to decrease depression severity and symptoms?
• What level of vitamin D supplementation is required to increase level of vitamin D in order to decrease depression severity and symptoms?
• What factors are involved when women of reproductive age initiate vitamin supplement use?
• What are the beliefs, attitudes and practices of women of reproductive age around vitamin supplement use?
• What are the beliefs and attitudes and practices of women from CALD backgrounds regarding vitamin supplement use?
• What are the beliefs and practices of women from CALD backgrounds regarding the Hijab and its possible connection with vitamin D deficiency?
Significance
This research will contribute to the expanding body of knowledge related to vitamin D deficiency and depression as well as exploring vitamin supplement use in women of reproductive age particularly those from CALD backgrounds. It is the first study to systematically evaluate the effect of vitamin D on depression in women of reproductive age and explore the use of vitamin supplements in CALD women of reproductive age in Australia. This study complements current understanding of the links between vitamin D and depression as well as the differences in the beliefs, attitudes and practices of women from CALD backgrounds regarding vitamin supplement use.
Considering existing evidence, public health interventions to decrease the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in women of reproductive age in Australia are required, in addition to increasing awareness regarding the optimal vitamin D status in order to decrease the risk of depression and depressive symptoms. The identification of several motivating factors associated with vitamin supplement use in women of reproductive age and in particular those from CALD backgrounds is an important first step in future programs of public health research aimed at identifying and targeting culturally appropriate health related information that aides decision making when it comes to vitamin supplement use.
This thesis investigates women’s use of vitamin supplements, vitamin D and its possible association with depression in women of reproductive age. The first chapter provides background information on vitamin supplements, vitamin D, depression and population characteristics. The second chapter examines the effect of vitamin D on depression in women of reproductive age in the form of a systematic review. The third chapter explores the use of vitamin supplements in women of reproductive age and in particular, women from CALD backgrounds through a qualitative study. The fourth chapter discusses the significance of all the findings, future research directions and conclusions.
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Hemilä, Harri. "Do vitamins C and E affect respiratory infections?" Helsinki : [H. Hemilä], 2006. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/laa/kansa/vk/hemila/.
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Hughes, Catherine Frances. "B-vitamins and healthy ageing." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.551554.
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B-vitamin deficiency may contribute to age-related diseases. Low/deficient vitamin B 12 status is of particular concern in older people despite the fact that intakes of B 12 typically far exceed current recommendations. Pernicious anaemia accounts for a very small proportion of low/deficient status, however, a much more prevalent problem is food-bound vitamin B 12 malabsorption. Proton pump inhibitor [PPI] drugs are acid suppressant drugs which reduce gastric acid secretion [hypochlorhydria] and could thus potentially reduce the absorption of food-bound vitamin B 12. Using an experimental model of hypochlorhydria, the current results showed no evidence of vitamin B 12 depletion as a result of short-term PPI administration. Long-term PPI usage was however shown to be associated with an increased risk of vitamin B 12 deficiency but this appeared to be alleviated by the regular consumption of foods fortified with the vitamin, with a 19% prevalence of vitamin B 12 deficiency found in long-term PPI users who were non-consumers compared to a 2% prevalence in consumers. Overall the results highlight the importance of fortified food consumption in maintaining vitamin B 12 status, particularly in those at risk of food bound malabsorption owing to PPI usage. This thesis also demonstrated that low dose vitamin B 12 (1μg/d) supplementation can significantly increase vitamin B 12 status both in healthy people and in long-term PPl users. Of note, the investigation of vitamin B 12 biomarker responses to vitamin B 12 depletion and repletion study presented in this thesis indicated that holotranscobalamin (holoTC) was a more sensitive biomarker of vitamin B 12 status and responded quicker to changes in vitamin B 12 status than the more conventional biomarker, serum total B 12. One of the most important findings of this thesis was that low vitamin B6 status was associated with a 6-fold increased risk of cognitive decline in a cohort of healthy older adults investigated over a 4 year period. This largely overlooked B- vitamin may have an important role to play in maintenance of cognitive function in healthy ageing.
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Holt, Jim. "Evidence-Based Nutritional Recommendations: Vitamins C and E." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6463.
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Borges, Maria Teresa Mendes Ribeiro. "Potencial vitaminico da banana verde e produtos derivados." [s.n.], 2003. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/254301.
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Orientador: Helena Teixeira GodoyTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
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Resumo: O Brasil, um dos maiores produtores mundiais de banana, é também um dos maiores desperdiçadores deste fruto. A banana, um alimento facilmente encontrado em diversas regiões do planeta, não possui muitas alternativas de industrialização, o que vem colaborar ainda mais com essas perdas. A utilização da banana verde tem sido colocada como uma alternativa para minimizar esse problema. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial vitamínico da banana, contribuindo para o melhor aproveitamento do fruto. Frutos das variedades Nanicão e Prata, cultivados em diferentes solos de pomares da Fazenda Taperão, no município de Brotas-SP, foram analisados desde o aparecimento do cacho no pé até sua senescência, com e sem indução do amadurecimento pós-colheita. A caracterização vitamínica foi feita por meio da determinação dos teores de vitaminas do complexo B (PP, BJ, B2, B6 e folatos), pró-vitamina A (b-caroteno) e vitamina C (ácido L-ascórbico (LAA) e ácido deidroascórbico (DHAA). Dois produtos foram produzidos utilizando-se da polpa de banana verde (pão e nhoque) e os teores de vitaminas destes alimentos também foram determinados, comparando-os com os encontrados em produtos similares de mercado (nhoque de batata e pão integral). Um teste sensorial foi aplicado a uma equipe de provadores não treinados verificando-se a aceitação destes alimentos. As frutas analisadas, no estádio verde, apresentaram, respectivamente para as variedades Nanicão e Prata, os seguintes teores médios de vitaminas: Bl - 0,57 e 0,84mg/l00g; B6 - 1,4 e 1,lmg/l00g; ácido fólico - 135 e 104mg/l00g; LAA - 17,6 e 20,2mg/l00g; DHAA - 6,1 e 5,8mg/l00g; e b-caroteno - 1073 e 441mg/l00g. Os teores de vitaminas nos frutos maduros também foram analisados obtendo-se os seguintes resultados médios para Nanicão e Prata, respectivamente: Bl - 0,63 e 1,08mg/l00g; B6 - 0,75 e 0,63mg/l00g; LAA - 12,4 e 19,2mg/l00g; DHAA - 3,6 e 4,5mg/l00g; e b-caroteno - 1682 e 1072mg/l00g. A vitamina B2 não foi encontrada em nenhuma amostra analisada. Os produtos feitos a base de polpa de banana verde apresentaram índices de vitaminas semelhantes aos produtos convencionais e aos da fruta in natura, exceto para as formas da vitamina C. Os testes de aceitação mostraram que existe uma tendência em aceitar os produtos, no entanto, algumas modificações devem ser feitas nas formulações aqui propostas. Os resultados indicam que, em termos do conteúdo vitamínico, há grande possibilidade da utilização _da polpa de banana verde para a obtenção de produtos com importante valor nutricional
Abstract: Brazil, the greatest world-wide producers of banana, is also one that most wastes this fruit. The banana, a food easily found in many regions of our planet, has few alternatives for industrialization, which collaborates even more with these losses. The use of the green banana has been considered as an alternative to minimize this problem. The objective of this work was to evaluate the vitamin potential of the banana, contributing to a better exploitation of the fruit. Fruits of the varieties Nanicão and Prata, cultivated in different types of soil of the orchards of the Taperão Farm, in the town of Brotas - SP, were analyzed as from the appearance of the fruit through to senescence, with and without induction of the ripening post-harvest. The vitamin characterization carried out by determining the vitamin levels of the B complex (PP, B1, B2, B6 and folic acid), pro-vitamin A (p-carotene) and vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid (LAA) and dehydroascorbic acid (DHAA». Two products were made (bread and nhoque) using unripe banana pulp and the vitamin contents of these foods were also determined, comparing with those found in similar products on the market (potatoes nhoque and integral bread). A sensory test was conducted, applied to a group of untrained panelists verifying the acceptance of these foods. The fruits analyzed, in the unripe stage, showed the following average vitamin contents for Nanicão and Prata respectively: Bl - 0.57 and 0.84mg/100g; B6 - 1.4 and 1.1mg/100g; folic acid - 135 and 104mg/100g; LAA - 17.6 and 20.2mg/100g; DHAA - 6.1 and 5.8mg/100g; e b-carotene 1073 and 441mg/100g. The vitamin levels in the mature fruits were also analyzed giving the following average results for Nanicão and Prata, respectively: Bl - 0.63 and 1.08mg1l00g; B6 - 0.75 and 0.63mg/100g; LAA - 12.4 and 19.2mg/100g; DHAA - 3.6 and 4.5mg/100g; and b -carotene - 1682 and 1 072mg/100g. The vitamin B2 was not found in samples analyzed. The products made from unripe banana pulp presented similar vitamin levels to the conventional products and to those of the fruit in natura, except for the various forms of vitamin C. The sensory acceptance tests showed a tendency to accept the products, although some modifications must be made in the formulas proposed here. The results indicate that, in terms of the vitamin content, there is considerable potencial for the use of green banana pulp to prepare products of thigh nutritional value
Doutorado
Doutor em Ciência de Alimentos
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Guthrie, Kelly. "Vitamin C and Glycoalkaloids in Organically Grown Potatoes of Novel Varieties." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2006. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/GuthrieKX2006.pdf.
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Hashemi, Dana. "The role vitamins in human life." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2019. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13181.
Full textBooks on the topic "Vitamins"
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Combs, Gerald F. The vitamins: Fundamental aspects in nutrition and health. 3rd ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier Academic Press, 2008.
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Naranjo, Paulino Moraleda. Las vitaminas: Su importancia en la alimentación. León: Everest, 1999.
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de, Leenheer A. P., Lambert Willy E. 1953-, and Ruyter, Marcel G. M. de, 1950-, eds. Modern chromatographic analysis of the vitamins. New York: Dekker, 1985.
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Yuanpei, Zhang. Bu yao luan chi yao. Taibei Shi Shilin qu: Fu li wen hua shi ye you xian gong si, 1986.
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Eitenmiller, Ronald R. Vitamin analysis for the health and food sciences. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1999.
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T, Dickerson John W., ed. Vitamins in human health and disease. Wallingford: CAB International, 1996.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Vitamins"
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Hopp, Vollrath. "Vitamine [E. vitamins]." In Chemische Kreisläufe in der Natur, 495–533. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55860-7_17.
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Gupta, Anil. "Vitamins." In Comprehensive Biochemistry for Dentistry, 279–364. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1035-5_11.
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Goodsell, David S. "Vitamins." In The Machinery of Life, 105–10. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2267-3_8.
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Eastwood, Martin. "Vitamins." In Principles of Human Nutrition, 177–237. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3025-5_7.
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DeMan, John M. "Vitamins." In Instructor’s Manual For Principles of Food Chemistry, 18–19. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0815-1_10.
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Piper, Brenda. "Vitamins." In Diet and Nutrition, 86–114. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7244-6_6.
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Schaefer, Bernd. "Vitamins." In Natural Products in the Chemical Industry, 589–676. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54461-3_7.
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Richmonds, Rajkumari. "Vitamins." In Encyclopedia of Women’s Health, 1384–86. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-306-48113-0_462.
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McGrew, Roderick E. "Vitamins." In Encyclopedia of Medical History, 355–56. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-05429-9_19.
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Cassidy, Kristin A., and Hiren C. Bhakta. "Vitamins." In Encyclopedia of Immigrant Health, 1483–88. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5659-0_826.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Vitamins"
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Elkady, Ashraf S. "DNA-Lipophilic Vitamins Supramolecular Complexes." In ASME 2008 2nd Multifunctional Nanocomposites and Nanomaterials International Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mn2008-47031.
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The self-assembly of supramolecular complexes between DNA and lipophilic vitamins, e.g. vitamin D group was examined, in the absence and presence of different cations, to the first time. A novel method for preparing DNA-lipophilic vitamins nanostructured complexes in the existence of divalent cations is introduced. The nanostructure of the supramolecular complexes ranged from beads-on-strings to compact globules and liquid crystalline forms depending on the vitamin nature, cations concentration and incubation time. A nucleation mechanism and flower-like aggregates are proposed as an initial state for complex formation. The biomedical applications of the functional nanostructured supramolecular complexes will be discussed in details.
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Oliveira, Osmair Vital de, Isabella Barros de Oliveira, Felipe Edilino de Lima, and Rafael Giordano Viegas. "Encapsulation of the vitamins D3 and E in cucurbit[7]uril: A computational investigation." In VIII Simpósio de Estrutura Eletrônica e Dinâmica Molecular. Universidade de Brasília, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21826/viiiseedmol202066.
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In this work, molecular dynamics simulation (MD) was used to study the encapsulation of fat-soluble vitamins D3 (vD3) and E (a-TOC) into cucubit[7]uril (CB[7]) in an aqueous solution. Cucurbiturils is a class of macrocyclic molecules largely used as carrier and controlled release agent in order to improve the solubility and chemoprotective of drugs. Along 50 ns of MD trajectory, the vitamins formed a stable complex with CB[7] without significantly altering its structure. Moreover, the second solvation shell of the CB[7] was not disrupted by the inclusion of the vitamins. The solvation enthalpy was ~ –173.0 kcal/mol for both complexes and –177.6 kcal/mol for the isolated CB[7], suggesting that the vitamin@CB[7] complexes are soluble in water. The binding free energy indicates that CB[7] can act as carrier agent for these vitamins, with values of –17.54 and –23.76 kcal/mol for vD3@CB[7] and a-TOC@CB[7], respectively. Finally, herein we highlight that CB[7] can be a new host to be used for vitamin delivery in biological systems.
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Velciov, Ariana Bianca, Antoanela Cozma, Ramona �. Cristina Heghedus � Mindru, Alexandru �. Erne Rinovetz, and Adrian Rivis. "NUTRITIONAL AND SENSORIAL CHARACTERISATION OF RAW DRY SALAMI WITH ADDITION OF GOJI AND NUTS." In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023v/6.2/s25.36.
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Goji fruits (Lycium barbarum) are known for their very high content of antioxidants, supplemented by a high intake of vitamins, (including vitamins A, C and vitamins from the B complex), minerals (calcium, magnesium, selenium), proteins, fibers and amino acids. Thus, goji fruits have a very high nutritional potential, which is why their inclusion in the daily menu or their use for therapeutic purposes have proven extremely beneficial for the human body. Hazelnuts (Corylus avelana) and pistachios (Pistachia vera) are a great source of phytosterols, fibers and protein, also containing vitamins and minerals such as magnesium and vitamin E. The purpose of this study was to obtain a raw-dry salami with addition of goji fruits, hazelnut and pistachio, and to characterize our new formula in comparison with two types of salami from the local market, from the nutritional and sensory point of view. The total contents of fats, proteins, carbohydrates, mineral content, sodium chloride and moisture were determined. The results show that, compared to the salami sold on the market, our new formula - raw � dry salami with goji, hazelnut and pistachio has higher nutritional values. Regarding the sensory analysis, the tasters' preference was demonstrated for the salami with hazelnuts, pistachios and goji, this obtaining the highest scores in terms of texture, color, smell, taste and general acceptability. Consequently, we can observe that addition of goji berries, hazelnuts and pistachios when obtaining dry raw salami can optimize its nutritional and sensory quality.
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Alda, Liana Maria, Despina-Maria Bordean, Simion Alda, Diana Moigradean, and Marcel Danci. "EVALUATION THE MINERAL CONTENT OF NORI SEAWEED, AVAILABLE ON THE ROMANIAN MARKET." In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023/3.1/s15.45.
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Algae are some of the oldest forms of life on earth, being consumed for centuries. There are numerous studies that highlight the health benefits of consuming seaweed, due to the high content of proteins, dietary fibers, vitamins, antioxidants, and the low-fat content. Nori seaweeds, which is used in the preparation of sushi rolls, stands out for its low caloric intake and high content of minerals, vitamins (vitamin B12 and vitamin C), as well as iodine. Only certain types of species of seaweed are used to make Nori: Porphyra tenera, Porphyra yezoensis, Porphyra umbilicalis and Pyropia tenera (a newer name for Porphyra tenera, due to a taxonomic reclassification). In this work, we analyzed the mineral profile of some varieties of Nori algae available on the Romanian market, obtained in China and Japan. To determine the mineral content, we used X-Ray Fluorescence Analyzer (XRF). The results are expressed in mg/kg dry weight. The Nori dried seaweed recorded the highest values of potassium and calcium and the Nori roasted seaweed the highest iron and zinc contents. Our experimental results recommend the consumption of Nori algae, in order to cover the daily requirement of minerals.
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Hristovska, Talija, Kosta Petrović, Marko Cincović, Branislava Belić, Maja Došenović Marinković, Radojica Đoković, Miloš Petrović, and Dražen Kovačević. "UTICAJ APLIKACIJE NIACINA NA VREDNOST NJEGOVIH VITAMERA U KRVI KRAVA U RANOJ LAKTACIJI." In XXVII savetovanje o biotehnologiji. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt27.263h.
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Vitamin niacin is of great importance for energy metabolism. Physiological niacin is incorporated into the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP). The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of NAD and NADP in the blood of cows during the application of niacin in the peripartum period. The value of these vitamins depends on the peripartum week, regardless of the constant exogenous source of niacin.
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Kumpaty, Subha, Asha Foster, Alex Hutson, and Vipin Paliwal. "Vitamin B Complex and Bioheat Transfer Projects: 2008 Summer Research Experiences for Teachers at Milwaukee School of Engineering." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-12536.
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This paper describes the summer research experiences of a high-school chemistry and biology teacher and a middle-school science teacher at the Milwaukee School of Engineering (MSOE). The first project involved researching B Complex Vitamins at MSOE’s Center for Biomolecular Modeling, developing molecular models using rapid prototyping technology (Z Corp 3D Printer) and creating curriculum modules for teaching the role of B Complex Vitamins to chemistry students in public high schools. A Javascript/HTML for interactive and dynamic presentation for understanding of thiamine (Vitamin B1) via web was written and implemented with Jmol software. A visual inspection of the family of Vitamin B Complex created and the curriculum modules developed during this project provide exciting and effective learning avenues for students in biology and chemistry classrooms. The second project dealt with the study of bioheat transfer and its simulation using MATLAB, and creation of a curriculum module that illustrates heat transfer principles reinforced by implementing the simulation. The teachers enjoyed the interaction with their advisors and the positive environment for their professional development. Details of their projects and experiences along with the evaluation of the program are presented in this paper. The teachers were pleased to be involved in connecting physics, biology, engineering and math into real projects that will motivate the students in their classes to pursue careers in STEM fields.
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Stojković, Danijela, Verica Jevtić, Maja Đukić, Đorđe Petrović, Sandra Jovičić Milić, and Marijana Kasalović. "SADRŽAJ VITAMINA C U EKSTRAKTIMA ŠIPURKA." In XXVII savetovanje o biotehnologiji. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt27.541s.
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Rosehip is rich in vitamin C. It also contains provitamin A, B vitamins, vitamin K, as well as many minerals. Rosehip is most often used to produce jams and marmalades. It can also be used to produce drinks because its specific taste and aroma significantly contributes to the appearance and taste of juices. Tea is also the most famous way to use rosehips. Due to the high content of vitamin C and pectin, it can be used for canning food in cooking and for preparing winter food. Medicinal wine can also be made from rose hips. In this paper, extracts of the plant Rosehip obtained by different extraction methods, were examined. The content of extracted substances was determined, as well as the content of vitamin C in order to determine which method will give the best yields of extracts.
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Feofilaktova, O. V. "STUDY OF THE STORAGE OF BAS ENCAPSULATED IN EMULSION FOOD SYSTEMS." In I International Congress “The Latest Achievements of Medicine, Healthcare, and Health-Saving Technologies”. Kemerovo State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/-i-ic-137.
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The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the persistence of biologically
active substances on the example of vitamins B1 and E, encapsulated in the matrix core of double
emulsion food systems, in the aqueous phase of the direct and fatty phase of the reverse emulsion
food systems. According to the results of the research, the efficiency of vitamin encapsulation in
double emulsion systems was established to increase their shelf life: at the end of storage, the residual content of vitamin B1 in the double emulsion system water-oil-water was 34% higher than
its content in the inverse emulsion, and the content of vitamin E in the emulsion system oil-wateroil at the end of the storage period was 24% more than in direct emulsion.
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"Fuel-synthesis wastewater treatment and purple non-sulfur bacteria biomass and pigments production: Effect of vitamin concentration." In Sustainable Processes and Clean Energy Transition. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902516-38.
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Abstract. The effect of different concentrations of ATCC vitamin supplement on the production of purple non-sulfur bacteria biomass (suspended and biofilm), carotenoids (Crts) and bacteriochlorophylls (BChls) from fuel-synthesis wastewater (FSW) was investigated in this study. The results suggest that maximum COD removal (3465 ± 125 mg/L) from FSW was obtained at a vitamin media concentration of 10 mL/L. The best optimal condition for increased biomass production from suspended and biofilm culture is the addition of vitamin at concentrations of 20 mL/L and 10 mL/L, respectively. The optimum condition for maximum Crts and BChls production from suspended and biofilm culture was found as 5 mL/L and 0 mL/L, respectively. Hence, the biomass response to vitamins is complex and vitamin addition can be used to prioritize different end goals with purple-non sulfur bacteria treatment systems and biomass utilization.
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McCarthy, P., G. Gau, and M. Shearer. "PLASMA AND LIVER LEVELS OF VITAMIN K IN THE NEWBORN." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643607.
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Few measurements have been made of vitamin K in neonatal tissues. Using an assay based on HPLC with dual-electrode electrochemical detection we have investigated the vitamin K status of the newborn from analyses of paired cord-maternal plasma samples and liver samples obtained at post-mortem. For vitamin K1 (K1) the median value in cord plasma (16 pg/ml, range 4-45 pg/ml) in 20 babies was some 30 fold lower than that in maternal plasma (median 0.47 ng/ml , range 0.14-2.42 ng/ml). This is the highest maternal-cord gradient of all the fat-soluble vitamins and together with the lack of correlation between cord and maternal values suggests that K1 does not rapidly equilibrate across the placenta. Hepatic neonatal-adult differences in K1 levels were less marked being about 5 fold lower at birth (median 1.2 ng/g, range 0.1-8.8 ng/g, n = 22) than in adults (median 5.4 ng/g, range 1.1-21.3 ng/g, n = 32). No relationship was found between hepatic K1 and gestational age and relatively high levels (1-2 ng/g) were detected at 10-12 weeks gestation. Post mortem livers obtained after intramuscular K1 prophylaxis at birth (0.5-1.0 mg) had K1 levels which were raised dramatically (1000 to 5000 fold after 24-48 h) and which remained raised for at least one week. A preliminary assessment of the contribution of vitamins K1 (menaquinones, MKs) to vitamin K1 status revealed undetectable levels in fetal or neonatal livers until about 14 days post-partum. This was in marked contrast to adults in whom MKs 7-10 accounted for the majority of liver vitamin K (75-97% on a molar basis). In adult plasma MKs were present at much lower levels than K1; the low circulating levels and poor1placental transport would explain our inability to detect MKs in newborn livers. When expressed as total vitamin K (K1 and MKs) we concluded that the newborn may have only about 2% of adult hepatic concentrations; this relative deficit of MKs may be responsible for the high susceptibility of the newborn to vitamin K deficiency.
Reports on the topic "Vitamins"
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Xie, Zhiwei, Lu Sun, Fengliu Dao, Rong Lu, Jizhou Shi, Min Zong, and Jianyong Qin. Vitamins for aphthous stomatitis : a systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2020.10.0034.
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MIRONOV, S. M., R. V. IVANOV, D. N. SHAHURDIN, and I. V. ALFEROV. CONTENTS OF VITAMINS IN MEAT STRAIGHT OF YAKUT BREEDS OF HORSES. Ljournal, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/ippologiavet-2020-2-4954rus.
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Brown Thomas, Jeanice, David L. Duewer, Carolyn Q. Burdette, Lorna T. Sniegoski, and James H. Yen. Certification of standard reference material 968f fat-soluble vitamins in frozen human serum. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, December 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.260-188.
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Xu, Chen-Xi, Xiao-Di Jia, Feng Ye, Gang-Zhu Xu, and Dong-Yuan Cao. Effect of vitamins on temporomandibular disorders: a protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.11.0084.
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Wicker, Louise, and Nissim Garti. Entrapment and controlled release of nutraceuticals from double emulsions stabilized by pectin-protein hybrids. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7695864.bard.
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Original Objectives Specific objectives are to: (1) modify charge and hydrophobicity of pectins to improve emulsion stabilizing properties (2) develop emulsions that can be sterically stabilized using modified pectins and/or pectin/protein hybrids (3) obtain submicronal inner emulsion droplets (10-50 nanometers) with small and monodispersed double emulsion (1-2 μm) droplets with long-term stability (possibly by emulsified microemulsions) and (4) trigger and control the release at will. Background Methodology for encapsulation and controlled release of selected addenda, e.g. drugs, vitamins, phytochemicals, flavors, is of major impact in the food industries. Stable double emulsions with desired solubilization and release properties of selected addenda are formed using charge modified pectin or pectin-protein hybrids. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements * We developed methodology to isolate PME isozymes and prepared modified pectins in sufficient quantity to characterize, form single and double emulsions and test stability. *Amino acid sequence of PME isozymes was estimated and will facilitate cloning of PME for commercial application * The contribution of total charge and distribution of charge of modified pectin was determined *Soluble complexes or modified pectins and whey isolates are formed * Stable W/O/W double emulsions were formed that did not cream, had small particle size * Inner phase of double emulsions are nano-sized and stable. These new structures were termed emulsified microemulsions (EME) * Release of bioactives were controlled between a few days to months depending on layering on droplets by hybrids * Commercial testing by Israeli company of stability and release of Vitamin C showed good chemical stability Implications Resolved the major stability limitation of W/O/W emulsions. Resolved the questions regarding citrus PMEs and tailored pilot scale modification of pectins.
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Paunović, Svetlana M., and Pavle Mašković. Primary Metabolites, Vitamins and Minerals in Berry and Leaf Extracts of Black Currant (Ribes Nigrum L.) under Different Soil Management Systems. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, February 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2018.02.18.
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Paunović, Svetlana M., and Pavle Mašković. Primary Metabolites, Vitamins and Minerals in Berry and Leaf Extracts of Black Currant (Ribes Nigrum L.) under Different Soil Management Systems. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, February 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/grabs2018.2.18.
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Cordero Cordero, Carina Cecilia, Yanine Rozo Leguizamón, Pablo Julián Tamayo Molano, Rafael de Oro Aguado, and Germán Salgado. Características varietales y desempeño agronómico de la variedad de fríjol biofortificado Corpoica Rojo 43 en el Caribe seco colombiano. Corporación colombiana de investigación agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.folleto.2018.2.
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Las leguminosas en general, y especialmente el fríjol común, constituyen fuentes importantes de proteínas, vitaminas y minerales (Ulloa, Rosas, Ramírez, & Ulloa, 2011). Aunque las vitaminas y minerales son requeridos en el cuerpo humano en bajas cantidades, existe en el país, y en el mundo, una gran problemática ligada a las enfermedades que se derivan del bajo consumo de vitamina A, hierro y zinc en niños y adultos. Algunas de estas afecciones son infecciones recurrentes, raquitismo, deficiencia visual, retraso en el crecimiento y bajo aprendizaje. De acuerdo con la OMS, para un buen funcionamiento del cuerpo humano el aporte recomendado en la dieta es 11 mg/día de Zn para hombres adultos, 8 mg/día para mujeres adultas y 60 mg/día de hierro para adolescentes y mujeres en edad fértil (Ministerio de Salud Protección Social [Minsalud], 2015). La inclusión de fríjoles biofortificados en la dieta representaría un posible aporte nutricional de 18,5 mg/persona-día de hierro y 3,5 de zinc mg/persona-día, a partir de raciones de 100 g (Tofiño-Rivera, Melo, Ruidiaz, & Lissbrant, 2015). Esto significa que el consumo de 200 g diarios de fríjol biofortificado Corpoica Rojo 43 supliría la mitad de los aportes de hierro y zinc sugeridos para una dieta saludable (Minsalud, 2015).
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Duewer, David L., Margaret C. Kline, Willie E. May, Robert Schaffer, Emil Schonberger, and Jeanice B. Thomas. NIST micronutrients measurement quality assurance program: spring and fall 1987 comparability studies--results for round robins IX and XI fat-soluble vitamins and carotenoids in human serum. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, May 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.7780-37.
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Duewer, David L., Margaret C. Kline, Willie E. May, Robert Schaffer, Emil Schonberger, and Jeanice B. Thomas. NIST micronutrients measurement quality assurance program: spring and fall 1987 comparability studies--results for round robins IX and XI fat-soluble vitamins and carotenoids in human serum. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, May 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.7880-37.
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