Relevant bibliographies by topics / VNF

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'VNF'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "VNF"

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Rüttimann-Johnson, Carmen, Luis M. Rubio, Dennis R. Dean, and Paul W. Ludden. "VnfY Is Required for Full Activity of the Vanadium-Containing Dinitrogenase in Azotobacter vinelandii." Journal of Bacteriology 185, no. 7 (April 1, 2003): 2383–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.185.7.2383-2386.2003.

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ABSTRACT A gene from Azotobacter vinelandii whose product exhibits primary sequence similarity to the NifY, NafY, NifX, and VnfX family of proteins, and which is required for effective V-dependent diazotrophic growth, was identified. Because this gene is located downstream from vnfK in an arrangement similar to the relative organization of the nifK and nifY genes, it was designated vnfY. A mutant strain having an insertion mutation in vnfY has 10-fold less vnf dinitrogenase activity and exhibits a greatly diminished level of 49V label incorporation into the V-dependent dinitrogenase when compared to the wild type. These results indicate that VnfY has a role in the maturation of the V-dependent dinitrogenase, with a specific role in the formation of the V-containing cofactor and/or its insertion into apodinitrogenase.
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Xuan, Hejun, Lei You, Zhenghui Liu, Yanling Li, and Xiaokai Yang. "HS-MOEA/D: An Oriented Algorithm for Delay and Reliability VNF-SC Deployment." Security and Communication Networks 2021 (August 24, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5538931.

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Network function virtualization (NFV) technology can realize on-demand distribution of network resources and improve network flexibility. It has become one of the key technologies for next-generation communications. Virtual network function service chain (VNF-SC) deployment is an important problem faced by network function virtualization technology. In this paper, the problem, VNF deployment for VNF-SC, is investigated. First, a two-objective mathematical model, which maximizes balancing and reliability of SFC, is established. In this model, VNFs are divided into two classes, i.e., part of required VNFs in each VNF-SC is dependent, others are independent. Second, harmony search-based MOEA/D (HS-MOEA/D) is proposed to solve the model effectively. In HS-MOEA/D, Chebyshev decomposition mechanism is used to transform multiobjective optimization problem into a series of single-objective optimization subproblems. A new evolutionary strategy is deeply studied in order to propose a new harmony search (HS) algorithm. Finally, to show high performance of the proposed algorithm, a large number of experiments are conducted. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm enhances the reliability of SFC and reduces the end-to-end delay.
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Marchetto, Guido, Riccardo Sisto, Matteo Virgilio, and Jaloliddin Yusupov. "A VNF modeling approach for verification purposes." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 9, no. 4 (August 1, 2019): 2627. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v9i4.pp2627-2636.

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<span lang="EN-US">Network Function Virtualization (NFV) architectures are emerging to increase networks flexibility. However, this renewed scenario poses new challenges, because virtualized networks, need to be carefully verified before being actually deployed in production environments in order to preserve network coherency (e.g., absence of forwarding loops, preservation of security on network traffic, etc.). Nowadays, model checking tools, SAT solvers, and Theorem Provers are available for formal verification of such properties in virtualized networks. Unfortunately, most of those verification tools accept input descriptions written in specification languages that are difficult to use for people not experienced in formal methods. Also, in order to enable the use of formal verification tools in real scenarios, vendors of Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) should provide abstract mathematical models of their functions, coded in the specific input languages of the verification tools. This process is error-prone, time-consuming, and often outside the VNF developers’ expertise. This paper presents a framework that we designed for automatically extracting verification models starting from a Java-based representation of a given VNF. It comprises a Java library of classes to define VNFs in a more developer-friendly way, and a tool to translate VNF definitions into formal verification models of different verification tools.</span>
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Sharma, Gourav Prateek, Wouter Tavernier, Didier Colle, and Mario Pickavet. "VNF-AAPC: Accelerator-aware VNF placement and chaining." Computer Networks 177 (August 2020): 107329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2020.107329.

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Xu, Yansen, and Ved P. Kafle. "An Availability-Enhanced Service Function Chain Placement Scheme in Network Function Virtualization." Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks 8, no. 2 (June 14, 2019): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jsan8020034.

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A service function chain (SFC) is an ordered virtual network function (VNF) chain for processing traffic flows to deliver end-to-end network services in a virtual networking environment. A challenging problem for an SFC in this context is to determine where to deploy VNFs and how to route traffic between VNFs of an SFC on a substrate network. In this paper, we formulate an SFC placement problem as an integer linear programing (ILP) model, and propose an availability-enhanced VNF placing scheme based on the layered graphs approach. To improve the availability of SFC deployment, our scheme distributes VNFs of an SFC to multiple substrate nodes to avoid a single point of failure. We conduct numerical analysis and computer simulation to validate the feasibility of our SFC scheme. The results show that the proposed scheme outperforms well in different network scenarios in terms of end-to-end delay of the SFC and computation time cost.
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Wang, Juan, Yang Yu, Yi Li, Chengyang Fan, and Shirong Hao. "Design and Implementation of Virtual Security Function Based on Multiple Enclaves." Future Internet 13, no. 1 (January 6, 2021): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi13010012.

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Network function virtualization (NFV) provides flexible and scalable network function for the emerging platform, such as the cloud computing, edge computing, and IoT platforms, while it faces more security challenges, such as tampering with network policies and leaking sensitive processing states, due to running in a shared open environment and lacking the protection of proprietary hardware. Currently, Intel® Software Guard Extensions (SGX) provides a promising way to build a secure and trusted VNF (virtual network function) by isolating VNF or sensitive data into an enclave. However, directly placing multiple VNFs in a single enclave will lose the scalability advantage of NFV. This paper combines SGX and click technology to design the virtual security function architecture based on multiple enclaves. In our design, the sensitive modules of a VNF are put into different enclaves and communicate by local attestation. The system can freely combine these modules according to user requirements, and increase the scalability of the system while protecting its running state security. In addition, we design a new hot-swapping scheme to enable the system to dynamically modify the configuration function at runtime, so that the original VNFs do not need to stop when the function of VNFs is modified. We implement an IDS (intrusion detection system) based on our architecture to verify the feasibility of our system and evaluate its performance. The results show that the overhead introduced by the system architecture is within an acceptable range.
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Loveless, Telisa M., and Paul E. Bishop. "Identification of genes unique to Mo-independent nitrogenase systems in diverse diazotrophs." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 45, no. 4 (April 1, 1999): 312–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w99-007.

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A number of nitrogen-fixing bacteria were screened using PCR for genes (vnfG and anfG) unique to the V-containing nitrogenase (vnf) and the Fe-only nitrogenase (anf) systems. Products with sequences similar to that of vnfG were obtained from Azotobacter paspali and Azotobacter salinestris genomic DNAs, and products with sequences similar to that of anfG were obtained from Azomonas macrocytogenes, Rhodospirillum rubrum, and Azotobacter paspali DNAs. Phylogenetic analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences of anfG and vnfG genes shows that each gene product forms a distinct cluster. Furthermore, amplification of an internal 839-bp region in anfD and vnfD yielded a product similar to anfD from Heliobacterium gestii and a product similar to vnfD from Azotobacter paspali and Azotobacter salinestris. Phylogenetic analysis of NifD, VnfD, and AnfD amino acid sequences indicates that AnfD and VnfD sequences are more closely related to each other than either is to NifD. The results of this study suggest that Azotobacter salinestris possesses the potential to express the vanadium (V)-containing nitrogenase (nitrogenase 2) and that R. rubrum, Azomonas macrocytogenes, and H. gestii possess the potential to express the Fe-only nitrogenase (nitrogenase 3). Like Azotobacter vinelandii, Azotobacter paspali appears to have the potential to express both the V-containing nitrogenase and the Fe-only nitrogenase.Key words: Mo-independent nitrogenase systems, diverse diazotrophs, vnfG, anfG.
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Xuan, Hejun, Xuelin Zhao, Zhenghui Liu, Jianwei Fan, and Yanling Li. "Energy Efficiency Opposition-Based Learning and Brain Storm Optimization for VNF-SC Deployment in IoT." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2021 (February 13, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6651112.

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Network Function Virtualization (NFV) can provide the resource according to the request and can improve the flexibility of the network. It has become the key technology of the Internet of Things (IoT). Resource scheduling for the virtual network function service chain (VNF-SC) is the key issue of the NFV. Energy consumption is an important indicator for the IoT; we take the energy consumption into the objective and define a novel objective to satisfying different objectives of the decision-maker. Due to the complexity of VNF-SC deployment problem, through taking into consideration of the heterogeneity of nodes (each node only can provide some specific VNFs), and the limitation of resources in each node, a novel optimal model is constructed to define the problem of VNF-SC deployment problem. To solve the optimization model effectively, a weighted center opposition-based learning is introduced to brainstorm optimization to find the optimal solution (OBLBSO). To show the efficiency of the proposed algorithm, numerous of simulation experiments have been conducted. Experimental results indicate that OBLBSO can improve the accuracy of the solution than compared algorithm.
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Qu, Hua, Ke Wang, and Jihong Zhao. "Reliable Service Function Chain Deployment Method Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning." Sensors 21, no. 8 (April 13, 2021): 2733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21082733.

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Network function virtualization (NFV) is a key technology to decouple hardware device and software function. Several virtual network functions (VNFs) combine into a function sequence in a certain order, that is defined as service function chain (SFC). A significant challenge is guaranteeing reliability. First, deployment server is selected to place VNF, then, backup server is determined to place the VNF as a backup which is running when deployment server is failed. Moreover, how to determine the accurate locations dynamically with machine learning is challenging. This paper focuses on resource requirements of SFC to measure its priority meanwhile calculates node priority by current resource capacity and node degree, then, a novel priority-awareness deep reinforcement learning (PA-DRL) algorithm is proposed to implement reliable SFC dynamically. PA-DRL determines the backup scheme of each VNF, then, the model jointly utilizes delay, load balancing of network as feedback factors to optimize the quality of service. In the experimental results, resource efficient utilization, survival rate, and load balancing of PA-DRL were improved by 36.7%, 35.1%, and 78.9% on average compared with benchmark algorithm respectively, average delay was reduced by 14.9%. Therefore, PA-DRL can effectively improve reliability and optimization targets compared with other benchmark methods.
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Vladislavić, Đani, Darko Huljenić, and Julije Ožegović. "Virtual Network Resource Optimization Model for Network Function Virtualization." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2021 (August 17, 2021): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9928210.

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Network function virtualization (NFV) is a concept aimed at achieving telecom grade cloud ecosystem for new-generation networks focusing on capital and operational expenditure (CAPEX and OPEX) savings. This study introduces empirical throughput prediction model for the virtual network function (VNF) and network function virtualization infrastructure (NFVI) architectures based on Linux kernel. The model arises from the methodology for performance evaluation and modeling based on execution area (EA) distribution by CPU core pinning. EA is defined as a software execution unit that can run isolated on a compute resource (CPU core). EAs are derived from the elements and packet processing principles in NFVIs and VNFs based on Linux kernel. Performing measurements and observing linearity of the measured results open the possibility to apply model calibration technique to achieve general VNF and NFVI architecture model with performance prediction and environment setup optimization. The modeling parameters are derived from the cumulative packet processing cost obtained by measurements for collocated EAs on the CPU core hosting the bottleneck EA. The VNF and NFVI architecture model with performance prediction is successfully validated against the measurement results obtained in emulated environment and used to predict optimal system configurations and maximal throughput results for different CPUs.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "VNF"

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Sällberg, Kristian. "A Data Model Driven Approach to Managing Network Functions Virtualization : Aiding Network Operators in Provisioning and Configuring Network Functions." Thesis, KTH, Radio Systems Laboratory (RS Lab), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-171233.

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This master’s thesis explains why certain network services are difficult to provision and configure using IT automation and cloud orchestration software. An improvement is proposed and motivated. This proposed improvement enables network operators to define a set of data models describing how to provision and interconnect a set of Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) (and possibly existing physical network functions) to form networks. Moreover, the proposed solution enables network operators to change the configuration at runtime. The work can be seen as a step towards self managing and auto scaling networks. The proposed approach is compared to a well known cloud management system (OpenStack) in order to evaluate if the proposed approach decreases the amount of time needed for network operators to design network topologies and services containing VNFs. Data is collected through observations of network operators, interviews, and experiment. Analysis of this data shows that the proposed approach can decrease the amount of time required for network operators to design network topologies and services. This applies if the network operators are already acquainted with the data modeling language YANG. The amount of time required to provision VNFs so that they respond to connections can also be decreased using the proposed approach. The proposed approach does not offer as much functionality as OpenStack, as it is limited to VNF scenarios.
Denna masteruppsats förklarar varför vissa nätverkstjänster är svåra att skapa och konfigurera med IT-automationsverktyg och mjukvara för molnorkestrering.  En förbättring föreslås och motiveras. Den föreslagna förbättringen tillåter nätverksoperatörer att definiera en mängd datamodeller, för att beskriva hur Virtuella Nätverksfunktioner (VNF:er) skall instantieras och kopplas ihop till nätverkstjänster. Dessutom tillåter lösningen nätverksoperatörer att ändra konfiguration under tiden nätverken hanterar trafik.  Arbetet kan ses som ett steg mot självhanterande och automatiskt skalande nätverk. Den föreslagna lösningen jämförs med ett välkänt molnorkestreringsverktyg (OpenStack) för att utvärdera om den föreslagna lösningen sänker mängden tid som nätverksoperatörer behöver för att designa nätverkstopologier och tjänster som innehåller VNF:er. Data samlas in genom observationer av nätverksoperatörer, intervjuer, och experiment. Analys av datan visar att den föreslagna lösningen kan minska tiden som behövs för att designa nätverkstopologier och tjänster. Fallen där detta är applicerbart, är när VNF:er närvarar i nätverk. Dessa är enklare att skapa, konfigurera, och ändra under tiden de exekverar, med den föreslagna metoden. Detta kräver också att nätverksoperatören är bekant med datamodelleringsspråket YANG. Tiden det tar att provisionera VNF:er, tills dess att de svarar till anslutningar, kan sänkas med hjälp av den föreslagna metoden. Den förslagna metoden erbjuder väsentligt begränsad funktionalitet jämfört med OpenStack, den fokuserar på att hantera VNF:er.
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RAMOS, Danyel Mendes Nogueira. "Avaliação de desempenho de um controlador SDN implementado como uma VNF." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2017. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/25355.

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Submitted by Pedro Barros (pedro.silvabarros@ufpe.br) on 2018-08-01T19:46:31Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO Danyel Mendes Nogueira Ramos.pdf: 6326279 bytes, checksum: 464556d46f78d9d42c7353434472dab5 (MD5)
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SETEC
A implementação de serviços de rede em dispositivos embarcados proprietários tem impedido o avanço e a evolução da rede, induzindo um problema denominado ossificação. Aproveitando os benefícios da virtualização, NFV se constitui em uma abordagem que dissocia os serviços de rede do hardware subjacente, permitindo a virtualização de funções de rede em servidores de propósito geral resultando em redução de OPEX/CAPEX. Integrado com SDN, a arquitetura NFV Definida por Software tem o potencial de oferecer mais agilidade e flexibilidade no encaminhamento de tráfego e no encadeamento de funções, justificando-se a importância de avaliarmos um controlador SDN implementado como uma NFV, com o objetivo de verificarmos as implicações no desempenho, uma vez que estudos recentes demonstram a degradação de desempenho imposta pela virtualização de funções de rede. No presente trabalho, realizamos experimentos com um controlador SDN implementado como uma função de rede virtual nos hypervisores de código aberto KVM e XEN e comparamos os parâmetros de desempenho mais críticos em relação a um cenário nativo com o propósito de mensurar a degradação de desempenho causada pela virtualização. Cbench foi utilizado para emular redes SDN e avaliar o desempenho e a latência do controlador Floodlight. Os resultados mostram que a virtualização do controlador no ambiente KVM resultou na degradação do processamento de fluxos em 29%, apresentou um aumento do tempo de resposta de 22% e utilizou bem menos o processador em relação ao ambiente Xen, que sobrecarregou a CPU em 25%, mas foi capaz de atingir melhor throughput e alocação de memória RAM quando comparada ao controlador virtualizado em KVM. Finalmente, uma proposta de aplicação SDN de roteamento de QoS e a respectiva infraestrutura NFV de implantação é apresentada como estudo de caso na autarquia federal IF Sertão-PE.
The implementation of network services in proprietary embedded devices has prevented the advancement and evolution of the network, inducing a problem called ossification. Leveraging the benefits of virtualization, NFV is an approach that disassociates network services from the underlying hardware, enabling virtualization of network functions on general purpose servers resulting in OPEX / CAPEX reduction. Integrated with SDN, the Software Defined NFV architecture has the potential to offer more agility and flexibility in traffic routing and in the chain of functions, justifying the importance of evaluating an SDN controller implemented as an NFV, in order to verify the Implications for performance, as recent studies demonstrate the performance degradation imposed by virtualization of network functions. In the present work, we performed experiments with an SDN controller implemented as a virtual network function in the KVM and XEN open source hypervisors and compared the most critical performance parameters in relation to a native scenario in order to measure the degradation of performance caused by Virtualization. We use Cbench to emulate SDN networks and evaluate the performance and latency of the Floodlight controller. We found that virtualization of the controller in the KVM environment resulted in degradation of the processing of flows by 29%, showed an increase in the response time of 22% and used much less the processor in relation to Xen, which overloaded the CPU by 15%, but Was able to achieve better performance of throughput and RAM compared to the virtualized controller in KVM. Finally, a proposed SDN routing QoS application and the respective deployment NFV infrastructure is presented as a case study in the federal authority IF Sertão-PE.
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Li, Xinrui. "An Automated VNF Manager based on Parameterized-Action MDP and Reinforcement Learning." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42004.

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Managing and orchestrating the behaviour of virtualized Network Functions (VNFs) remains a major challenge due to their heterogeneity and the ever increasing resource demands of the served flows. In this thesis, we propose a novel VNF manager (VNFM) that employs a parameterized actions-based reinforcement learning mechanism to simultaneously decide on the optimal VNF management action (e.g., migration, scaling, termination or rebooting) and the action's corresponding configuration parameters (e.g., migration location or amount of resources needed for scaling ). More precisely, we first propose a novel parameterized-action Markov decision process (PAMDP) model to accurately describe each VNF, instances of its components and their communication as well as the set of permissible management actions by the VNFM and the rewards of realizing these actions. The use of parameterized actions allows us to rigorously represent the functionalities of the VNFM in order perform various Lifecycle management (LCM) operations on the VNFs. Next, we propose a two-stage reinforcement learning (RL) scheme that alternates between learning an action-value function for the discrete LCM actions and updating the actions parameters selection policy. In contrast to existing machine learning schemes, the proposed work uniquely provides a holistic management platform the unifies individual efforts targeting individual LCM functions such as VNF placement and scaling. Performance evaluation results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed VNFM in maintaining the required performance level of the VNF while optimizing its resource configurations.
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Norberg, Emil. "Evaluation of Using Secure Enclaves in Virtualized Radio Environments." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Databas och informationsteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-159768.

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Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) are software applications that process network packets in virtualized environments such as clouds. Using VNFs to process network traffic inside a cloud, which could be controlled by a third-party, exposes the secrets that are stored within the VNFs to a significant amount of threats. Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) are hardware technologies dedicated to protect software from other malicious applications and users. Open Enclave and Asylo are two SDKs that decouple software and hardware and enable developers to build applications that utilize TEEs without creating hardware dependencies. Open Enclave and Asylo are still in an early stage of development, Asylo in particular. The impact of integrating Open Enclave and Asylo to VNFs from a security and performance perspective was addressed by performing a risk assessment and running performance experiments. The identified vulnerabilities in VNFs were mitigated by using available security properties from TEEs. The results show that protecting VNFs with Open Enclave and Asylo mitigate a significant amount of threats. However, the VNFs suffer from a performance penalty when using TEEs, and are still vulnerable to side-channel and Denial-of-Service attacks.
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Ochoa, Aday Leonardo. "Contributions to topology discovery, self-healing and VNF placement in software-defined and virtualized networks." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/665397.

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The evolution of information and communication technologies (e.g. cloud computing, the Internet of Things (IoT) and 5G, among others) has enabled a large market of applications and network services for a massive number of users connected to the Internet. Achieving high programmability while decreasing complexity and costs has become an essential aim of networking research due to the ever-increasing pressure generated by these applications and services. However, meeting these goals is an almost impossible task using traditional IP networks. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is an emerging network architecture that could address the needs of service providers and network operators. This new technology consists in decoupling the control plane from the data plane, enabling the centralization of control functions on a concentrated or distributed platform. It also creates an abstraction between the network infrastructure and network applications, which allows for designing more flexible and programmable networks. Recent trends of increased user demands, the explosion of Internet traffic and diverse service requirements have further driven the interest in the potential capabilities of SDN to enable the introduction of new protocols and traffic management models. This doctoral research is focused on improving high-level policies and control strategies, which are becoming increasingly important given the limitations of current solutions for large-scale SDN environments. Specifically, the three largest challenges addressed in the development of this thesis are related to the processes of topology discovery, fault recovery and Virtual Network Function (VNF) placement in software-defined and virtualized networks. These challenges led to the design of a set of effective techniques, ranging from network protocols to optimal and heuristic algorithms, intended to solve existing problems and contribute to the deployment and adoption of such programmable networks.For the first challenge, this work presents a novel protocol that, unlike existing approaches, enables a distributed layer 2 discovery without the need for previous IP configurations or controller knowledge of the network. By using this mechanism, the SDN controller can discover the network view without incurring scalability issues, while taking advantage of the shortest control paths toward each switch. Moreover, this novel approach achieves noticeable improvement with respect to state-of-the-art techniques. To address the resilience concern of SDN, we propose a self-healing mechanism that recovers the control plane connectivity in SDN-managed environments without overburdening the controller performance. The main idea underlying this proposal is to enable real-time recovery of control paths in the face of failures without the intervention of a controller. Obtained results show that the proposed approach recovers the control topology efficiently in terms of time and message load over a wide range of generated networks. The third contribution made in this thesis combines topology knowledge with bin packing techniques in order to efficiently place the required VNF. An online heuristic algorithm with low-complexity was developed as a suitable solution for dynamic infrastructures. Extensive simulations, using network topologies representative of different scales, validate the good performance of the proposed approaches regarding the number of required instances and the delay among deployed functions. Additionally, the proposed heuristic algorithm improves the execution times by a fifth order of magnitude compared to the optimal formulation of this problem.
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Pelay, Johan. "Garantir la cohérence applicative lors des changements de configuration réseau : étude de cas sur la connectivité dans les Software Defined Infrastructures." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REN1S001.

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Des solutions de vérification efficaces nous semblent indispensables afin d’assurer la continuité des services en place et le déploiement de nouveaux services dans les réseaux 5G. Cette problématique ne se limite pas aux techniques de vérification, nos travaux portent aussi sur la formalisation des besoins d'un service réseau complet. Nous avons travaillé sur un langage de programmation facilitant la vérification dans les contrôleurs SDN. Puis nous avons défini des contrats de comportement réseau afin de clarifier les propriétés à vérifier pour assurer le bon fonctionnement d'un service. Enfin nous avons étudié MANO pour proposer une extension du standard permettant de vérifier les configurations réseau au niveau de l'orchestrateur
We believe that effective verification solutions are essential to ensure the continuity of existing services and the deployment of new services in 5G networks. This problem is not limited to verification techniques, our work also concerns the formalization of needs of a complete network service. We worked on a programming language to facilitate verification in SDN controllers. Then we defined network behavior contracts to clarify the properties to be verified to ensure the proper functioning of a service. Finally, we studied MANO to propose an extension of the standard to check the network configurations at the orchestrator level
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Cilloni, Marco. "Design and Implementation of an ETSI Network Function Virtualization-compliant Container Orchestrator." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/13373/.

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La Network Function Virtualisation (NFV) è la principale forza dietro la migrazione delle infrastrutture dei provider di reti verso sistemi distribuiti cloud, fornendo un innovativo approccio al design di architetture di reti di telecomunicazioni che permette un completo disaccoppiamento dei servizi offerti dalla rete dai dispositivi fisici e gli apparati su cui essi risiedono attraverso la loro completa virtualizzazione. L’uso di VNF, blocchi logici in grado di rappresentare le funzionalità e i servizi forniti dall’infrastruttura come elementi virtuali, permette alle Network Functions di essere agevolmente rilocate in data centers prossimi agli utenti finali dei servizi che offrono, evitando i pesanti costi in personale ed apparecchiature coinvolti nel caso dei dispositivi fisici. ETSI NFV fornisce linee guida ed architetture volte al supportare l’amministrazione ed orchestrazione (MANO) di apparati virtualizzati, sfruttando le infrastrutture fornite da Virtual Infrastructure Managers (VIM). Questa tesi ha affrontato le modalità con cui un framework NFV esistente, come Open Baton, possa essere esteso per sfruttare appieno le capacità fornite da sistemi di containerizzazione come Docker, realizzando i componenti e concetti necessari per offrire una infrastruttura NFV (NFVI) altamente scalabile e cloud-ready. Il prototipo di VIM basato su Docker e i relativi componenti MANO sviluppati durante questa tesi sono stati pensati per essere il più possibile indipendenti fra loro, per mantenere il sistema riusabile ed aperto ad estensioni future. L’analisi compiuta sulla soluzione per l’orchestrazione di container NFV basata su Docker creata durante lo step implementativo della tesi ha mostrato risultati molto positivi riguardo l’overhead sull’utilizzo di risorse di memoria e di storage da parte delle istanze di VNF basate su container.
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Dinh-Xuan, Lam [Verfasser], and Phuoc [Gutachter] Tran-Gia. "Quality of Experience Assessment of Cloud Applications and Performance Evaluation of VNF-Based QoE Monitoring / Lam Dinh-Xuan ; Gutachter: Phuoc Tran-Gia." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1169573053/34.

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Facchetti, Jeremy. "HAALO : A cloud native hardware accelerator abstraction with low overhead." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Datavetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-76197.

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With the upcoming 5G deployment and the exponentially increasing data transmitted over cellular networks, off the shelf hardware won't provide enough performance to cope with the data being transferred over cellular networks. To tackle that problem, hardware accelerators will be of great support thanks to their better performances and lower energy consumption. However, hardware accelerators are not a silver bullet as their very nature prevents them to be as flexible as CPUs. Hardware accelerators integration into Kubernetes and Docker, respectively the most used tools for orchestration and containerization, is still not as flexible as it would need. In this thesis, we developed a framework that allows for a more flexible integration of these accelerators into a Kubernetes cluster using Docker containers making use of an abstraction layer instead of the classic virtualization process. Our results compare the performance of an execution with and without the framework that was developed during this thesis. We found that the framework's overhead depends on the size of the data being processed by the accelerator but does not go over a very low percentage of the total execution time. This framework provides an abstraction for hardware accelerators and thus provides an easy way to integrate hardware accelerated applications into a heterogeneous cluster or even across different clusters with different hardware accelerators types. This framework also moves the hardware specific parts of an accelerated program from the containers to the infrastructure and enables a new kind of service, OpenCL as a service.
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Langlet, Jonatan. "Offloading Virtual Network Functions – Hierarchical Approach." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-79090.

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Next generation mobile networks are designed to run in a virtualized environment, enabling rapid infrastructure deployment and high flexibility for coping with increasing traffic demands and new service requirements. Such network function virtualization imposes additional packet latencies and potential bottlenecks not present in legacy network equipment when run on dedicated hardware; such bottlenecks include PCIe transfer delays, virtualization overhead, and utilizing commodity server hardware which is not optimized for packet processing operations.Through recent developments in P4 programmable networking devices, it is possible to implement complex packet processing pipelines directly in the network data plane; allowing critical traffic flows to be offloaded and flexibly hardware accelerated on new programmable packet processing hardware, prior to entering the virtualized environment.In this thesis, we design and implement a novel hybrid NFV processing architecture which integrates programmable NICs and commodity server hardware, capable of offloading virtual network functions for specified traffic flows directly to the server network card; allowing these flows to completely bypass softwarization overhead, while less sensitive traffic process on the underlying host server.An evaluation in a testbed with customized traffic generators show that accelerated flows have significantly lower jitter and latency, compared with flows processed on commodity server hardware. Our evaluation gives important insights into the designs of such hardware accelerated virtual network deployments, showing that hybrid network architectures are a viable solution for enabling infrastructure scalability without sacrificing critical flow performance.
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Books on the topic "VNF"

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Shkola-seminar, po ONCh izluchenii͡am (7th 1985 I͡Akutsk R. S. F. S. R. ). VII Shkola-seminar po ONCh izluchenii͡am: Tezisy dokladov, I͡Akutsk, ii͡ulʹ 1985 g. I͡Akutsk: I͡Akutskiĭ filial SO AN SSSR, 1985.

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Kapeli︠a︡n, Grigoriĭ. Vne konteksta. Sankt-Peterburg: Iskusstvo Rossii, 2006.

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Golubit︠s︡kiĭ, Veniamin. Vne rezkosti. Ekaterinburg: U-Faktorii︠a︡, 2005.

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VHF afloat. 3rd ed. Hoboken, NJ: J. Wiley & Sons, 2008.

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Anne, Sauvêtre, ed. À vif. [Paris]: Éd. de la Seine, 1998.

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Vallverdu, Josep. Vif-Argent. Paris: Flammarion, 1989.

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Vne igry. Moskva: Zebra E, 2010.

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Langley-Price, Pat. VHF Yachtmaster. 2nd ed. London: Adlard Coles Nautical, 1993.

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Preobrazhenskai͡a, L. Vne vremeni. Belgorod: Vezelit͡sa, 2002.

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Séguret, Olivier. Godard vif. Paris: G3J éditeur, 2015.

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Book chapters on the topic "VNF"

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Kumar Bansal, Mukesh, Aswathy SV, and B. Krishnaswami. "VNF Security in Telco Environment." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 275–85. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7804-5_21.

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Yasrebi, Pouya, Spandan Bemby, Hadi Bannazadeh, and Alberto Leon-Garcia. "VNF Service Chaining on SAVI SDI." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 11–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27072-2_2.

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Shi, Zhan, Ying Zeng, and Zanhong Wu. "VNF Deployment Method Based on Multipath Transmission." In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Engineering and Networks, 867–74. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3753-0_84.

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Rice, Chris, and Andre Fuetsch. "The Network Operating System: VNF Automation Platform." In Building the Network of the Future, 103–36. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2017.: Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315208787-7.

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Jmila, Houda, Mohamed Ibn Khedher, and Mounim A. El Yacoubi. "Estimating VNF Resource Requirements Using Machine Learning Techniques." In Neural Information Processing, 883–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70087-8_90.

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Jahedi, Zahra, and Thomas Kunz. "Optimal VNF Placement: Addressing Multiple Min-Cost Solutions." In E-Business and Telecommunications, 1–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34866-3_1.

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Scheid, Eder J., Manuel Keller, Muriel F. Franco, and Burkhard Stiller. "BUNKER: A Blockchain-based trUsted VNF pacKagE Repository." In Economics of Grids, Clouds, Systems, and Services, 188–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36027-6_16.

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Ge, Hongwu, Yonghua Huo, Zhihao Wang, Ping Xie, and Tongyan Wei. "VNF Instance Dynamic Scaling Strategy Based on LSTM." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 335–43. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8462-6_39.

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Komarek, Ales, Jakub Pavlik, Lubos Mercl, and Vladimir Sobeslav. "VNF Orchestration and Modeling with ETSI MANO Compliant Frameworks." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 121–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67380-6_11.

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Schmitt, Norbert, Jóakim von Kistowski, and Samuel Kounev. "Towards a Scalability and Energy Efficiency Benchmark for VNF." In Performance Evaluation and Benchmarking for the Analytics Era, 41–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72401-0_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "VNF"

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Venâncio, Giovanni, Rogério Turchetti, and Elias P. Duarte Jr. "Gerência do Ciclo de Vida de VNFs e Implementação de Serviços Distribuídos na Rede." In XXXVII Simpósio Brasileiro de Redes de Computadores e Sistemas Distribuídos. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbrc_estendido.2019.7781.

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A Virtualização de Funções de Rede oferece uma alternativa flexível para projetar e gerenciar serviços de rede. Neste trabalho foi proposta a arquitetura de um VNF Manager (VNFM) para o gerenciamento do ciclo de vida de VNFs. O VNFM simplifica as operações de gerência e permite a interoperabilidade entre plataformas NFV. A segunda contribuição propõe a VNF-Consensus, uma VNF que sincroniza consistentemente o plano de controle distribuído em uma rede SDN. A VNF desacopla os mecanismos de sincronização, evitando a sobrecarga nos controladores. Por fim, a última contribuição é o AnyBone, um backbone virtual com serviços de difusão confiável e ordenada de mensagens implementados na própria rede. O AnyBone garante a ordem das mensagens através de um sequenciador, também implementado como uma VNF.
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Kim, Sang Il, and Hwa Sung Kim. "A VNF Placement Method based on VNF Characteristics." In 2021 International Conference on Information Networking (ICOIN). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icoin50884.2021.9334022.

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Park, Chan-Ho, and Dong-Ryeol Shin. "VNF management method using VNF Group Table in Network Function Virtualization." In 2017 19th International Conference on Advanced Communication Technology (ICACT). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/icact.2017.7890085.

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Mishra, Raaj Anand, Anshuman Kalla, Kaustubh Shukla, Avishek Nag, and Madhusanka Liyanage. "B-VNF: Blockchain-enhanced Architecture for VNF Orchestration in MEC-5G Networks." In 2020 IEEE 3rd 5G World Forum (5GWF). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/5gwf49715.2020.9221075.

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Wang, Zenan, Jiao Zhang, Haoran Wei, and Tao Huang. "Hieff: Enabling Efficient VNF Clusters by Coordinating VNF Scaling and Flow Scheduling." In 2020 IEEE 39th International Performance Computing and Communications Conference (IPCCC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipccc50635.2020.9391534.

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Martin-Perez, J., and Carlos J. Bernardos. "Multi-Domain VNF Mapping Algorithms." In 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting (BMSB). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bmsb.2018.8436765.

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Wang, Xiaoke, Chuan Wu, Franck Le, Alex Liu, Zongpeng Li, and Francis Lau. "Online VNF Scaling in Datacenters." In 2016 IEEE 9th International Conference on Cloud Computing (CLOUD). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cloud.2016.0028.

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Lal, Shankar, Aapo Kalliola, Ian Oliver, Kimmo Ahola, and Tarik Taleb. "Securing VNF communication in NFVI." In 2017 IEEE Conference on Standards for Communications and Networking (CSCN). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cscn.2017.8088620.

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Rosa, Raphael Vicente, and Christian Esteve Rothenberg. "Taking Open vSwitch to the Gym: An Automated Benchmarking Approach." In IV Workshop Pré-IETF. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/wpietf.2017.3605.

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Performance benchmarking in Network Function Virtualization (NFV) pose challenging issues due to all moving parts of virtualized infrastructures potentially affecting the packet processing performance of Virtualized Network Functions (VNFs). Despite the advances in best-of-breed network virtualization technologies, the dependencies on the underlying allocated hardware resources, their characteristics and customized configurations, result in benchmarking hazards that call for innovative and standardized testing methodologies towards adequate VNF performance profiling. To this end, we designed and prototyped Gym, a testing framework for automated NFV performance benchmarking we experimentally validated on Open vSwitch as a target VNF. The design principles and implementation of Gym demonstrate an useful apparatus to assist standards organizations formalizing VNF testing methodologies.
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Ruiz, L., R. J. Duran, I. de Miguel, N. Merayo, J. C. Aguado, P. Fernandez, R. M. Lorenzo, and E. J. Abril. "Comparison of Different Protection Schemes in the Design of VNF-Mapping with VNF Resiliency." In 2020 22nd International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icton51198.2020.9203066.

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Reports on the topic "VNF"

1

Staples, John, Fernando Sannibale, and Steve Virostek. VHF-band Photoinjector. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1235573.

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Lehman, Thomas, Chin Guok, and Nasir Ghani. Virtualized Network Control (VNC). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1083821.

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Watt, A. D., and P. M. Hansen. VLF/LF Corona Investigation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada258052.

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Hodgkiss, William S. VLF Ambient Noise Experiment. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada242000.

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Warden, D., and I. Iordanov. The "vnc" URI Scheme. RFC Editor, May 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc7869.

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Staples, John. Frequency Scaling VHF Photoinjector Cavity. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1235574.

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Jamoussi, B., D. Jamieson, D. Williston, and S. Gabe. Nortel's Virtual Network Switching (VNS) Overview. RFC Editor, May 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc2340.

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Janaswamy, Ramakrishna. Widebanding Techniques for VHF Antennas - I. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada259301.

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Adams, J. D., Rickey B. Cotton, and Victor K. Tripp. VHF/UHF Low Profile Antenna Analysis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada299583.

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Twardowski, Michael. VSF Measurements and Inversion for RaDyO. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada573136.

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