Academic literature on the topic 'Vodní kanál'

The content of this diploma thesis is a feasibility study of a small hydropower station within the navigation lock Přelouč II. This work builds on the framework proposal of one variation of layout arragement of the navigation lock. In this variant is considered to build a lock, which also includes a small hydropower station. At the beginning, the location of individual building objects is resolved with respect to the conditions in the locality. This is followed by a more detailed development of the building and technological part of a small hydropower plant. Part of the thesis is accompanying and technical report, drawing documentation, hydrotechnical and hydroenergetic calculations and photographic documentation.

The objective of this dissertation is resolving the issues of both form and function of water courses in a present-day city. The dissertation focuses primarily on water courses which may be described as man-made, i.e. those resembling a canal, and addresses their prospective revitalization within the context of urban renewal and development in the present-day post-industrial era. The introduction includes a comprehensive analysis of the historical and typological development of artificial water courses, essential for grasping the connections as well as the current overall state of water courses in an urbanized setting. Detailed attention is devoted in particular to the most frequently occurring artificial water course - i.e. the race. The dissertation strives to defend the irreplaceable role of the water course as a public space in the urban landscape and - consequently - also its prospective essential revitalization. Examples, especially from throughout Western Europe, are used to demonstrate particular solutions, approaches and strategies to predominantly artificial water course renewal within the urban environment. The dissertation also devotes attention to the tools used in reaching relevant solutions.

This paper surveys the inland water transportation on the Rhine-Main-Danube-Canal. Beginning with a consideration of the inland water transportation in Europe in the analysis, it briefly describes the canal's evolution and fundamental terms, which are related to the water-ways. The last part of the first chapter is dedicated to the comparison of several traffic carriers. In the second chapter the two predecessors of the Rhine-Main-Danube-Canal and the motivations to their construction are reviewed. In the more detailed inspection of the formation of the RMD-Canal, the crucial institutions, which are involved in this domain, are described. Besides the corporation "Rhein-Main-Donau AG", the "Deutscher Wasserstraßen- und Schifffahrtsverein Rhein-Main-Donau e.V." and the "Wasser- und Schifffahrtsdirektion Süd" belong to it. The third part of the available paper analyzes the shipping on the RMD-Canal and on the German part of the Danube out of an economic-geographical perception. Regarded are not only differences in shipping on the Rhine, on the canal itself and on the Danube, but also the charges for using the canal and for the locking of ships. Moreover, the RMD-Canal is observed out of the traffic-geographical aspect, whilst also analysing the prognoses in comparison to the reality of the amount of shipping. The present time situation is illustrated by the example of the amount of cargo, which has been transported in the last years. At the end of the paper the problematic passage between Straubing and Vilshofen and the solution of the abolishment of this bottleneck is described.

The diploma thesis is based on the urban design of a selected part of the South Quarter, which was the subject of a pre-diploma thesis in 2018, whose main concept was to use the potential of the flowing river Svratka to define the borders of the "Brno Island" by creating a water canal around the perimeter of the area. Water creates the boundary between city ties and the island, which provides a unique opportunity to create architecturally interesting buildings and create an interesting environment for life with almost direct contact with water in the center of Brno. The thesis deals with the architectural study of the selected block of the "Brno Island". It is an apartment building with rentable space in the parterre. The main architectural concept consists in transforming the natural form of the river bay into an architecturally formulated mass that creates a unique living environment. The character of the parterre resembles the stone coast on which the dwelling is built, which is not trying to compete with this environment, nor to thematise itself, but fit into such a conceived landscape.

This thesis analyses potential benefits of Danube-Oder-Elbe canal to the states of the central Europe. In order to do that it is necessary to describe the current importance of inland navigation within these states as well as the condition of the waterways. The main bottlenecks on existing infrastructure are the missing locks. The paper also looks into the development of support of the Danube-Oder-Elbe canal from the first reference in 1700 to the year of 2014. The last part of the work deals with the calculation of estimated direct costs and profits of the construction. Besides the direct there are also indirect expenses, which cover not only the necessary repairs and maintenance, but also external costs. External costs of inland water navigation are estimated to be six times lower than those of road transport. This difference could be a significant competitive advantage of the river transportation.

Bata Canal is known as waterway with rich history that dates back to 1930s of the last century. First ideas about its regulation were expressed by farmers cultiva-ting banks of the Morava river and Czechoslovak entrepreneur Tomáš Baťa. First part of this thesis focuses on water transport, revitalization and environmental impact assessment related to the planned construction of a new port Napajedla-Pahrbek. The second part describes history and current situation of the Bata Canal. The last part includes a survey that was carried out among citizens of Napajedla and other urban areas. Gathered results will help to suggest and recommend proper measurements which would lead to better general knowledge of the citizens and protection of the environment.

Cardiovascular pharmaceuticals are among the most prescribed drugs. As a result of the high consumption, these pharmaceuticals have been frequently detected in waste and surface waters. Verapamil, diltiazem and atenolol are very important representatives of cardiovascular pharmaceuticals; therefore, the present research focused on their acute and sub-chronic effects, bioconcentration, half-life time and metabolism in fish. Moreover, unified protocol for the quantitative assessment of histopathological alterations on the heart ventricle and coronary blood vessels employing heart index calculation was developed with the aim to better assess histopathological changes in fish heart which is one of the targets of cardiovascular pharmaceuticals and other chemicals. The effects caused by high concentrations of the studied substances, verapamil, diltiazem and atenolol, in fish can be considered similar to the therapeutic effects and side effects that are found in humans. The acute exposure to verapamil at the human therapeutic plasma level reduced the heart rate in common carp embryos and larvae. In addition, the acute and chronic exposure to this substance caused peripheral edema and gastrointestinal haemorrhage in carp. Similarly, the histological changes in heart and the blood vessels of the liver in diltiazem exposed rainbow trout suggested vasodilatation similar to the pharmacological effect of diltiazem in the human body. In rainbow trout sub-chronically exposed to atenolol at a human therapeutic blood plasma concentration, histopathological changes in the cardiovascular system were found. The bioconcentration of verapamil, diltiazem and atenolol in fish can be classified as low. Bioconcentration factor (BCF) of verapamil in whole body homogenates of common carp ranged between 6.6 and 16.6. The BCF of diltiazem was also relatively low (0.5-194) in analysed tissues of trout, following the order kidney liver muscle blood plasma. BCF of atenolol in rainbow trout tissues was the lowest among the tested substances (BCF = 0.002-0.27), following the order of liver > kidney > muscle. In the blood plasma, the concentration of atenolol was below the limit of quantification. Verapamil showed a longer half-life time (10.6 days) in fish compared to the human body, indicating the slow rate of biotransformation and/or elimination of verapamil in fish. Estimated half-life times of diltiazem in liver (1.5 h) and kidney (6.2 h) were in the same order of magnitudes as those determined for the human blood plasma. The half-life time of atenolol in trout was not studied, because of its very low bioconcentration. In diltiazem exposed rainbow trout, 8 groups of metabolites of diltiazem with 17 different isoforms were identified using liquid chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry method. Diltiazem was found to undergo a biotransformation involving desmethylation, desacethylation and hydroxylation in fish. These results showed that diltiazem was metabolised in fish in a similar way like in the human body by desmethylation and desacethylation. On the other hand, hydroxylation, which was involved to a minor extent, seemed to be species specific. Verapamil had no effect on early life stages of common carp at the environmentally relevant concentration after one month lasting exposure. On the other hand, atenolol and diltiazem in environmentally realistic concentrations caused after 42-day exposure some physiological changes in rainbow trout. Namely, atenolol affected haematological and biochemical parameters of the blood in exposed rainbow trout and diltiazem caused changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes in trout liver and gills. These data indicated that atenolol and diltiazem, when present in the aquatic environment, could be a source of sub-lethal detrimental effects in fish.