Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Volatilité (Finances) – Modèles économétriques'
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Charles, Amélie. "Influence des évènements rares sur la modélisation de la volatilité boursière." Montpellier 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON10005.
Full textLecourt, Christelle. "Les variations de taux de change au jour le jour : une approche économétrique à partir des processus à mémoire longue." Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2000/50374-2000-3.pdf.
Full textAlvarez, Alexander. "Modélisation de séries financières, estimation, ajustement de modèles et test d'hypothèses." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU30018.
Full textTran, Manh Tuyen. "Stock return and volatility on the vietnamese stock market." Paris 13, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA131002.
Full textTrifi, Amine. "Essais en agrégation, convergence et limites en temps continu des modèles GARCH." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010057.
Full textYacouba, Abdou Adamou. "Estimation d'un modèle Arch-Garch avec primes d'asymétrie." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/24186.
Full textAné, Thierry. "Changement de temps, processus subordonnés et volatilité stochastique : une approche financière sur des données à haute fréquence." Paris 9, 1997. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1997PA090027.
Full textThe goal of this thesis is to validate mathematically the brilliant conjecture by Clark (1973) who chose the volume as the subordinating process t defining the economic time in which asset prices should be observed. Along the lines of the recent microstructure literature and using the tick by tick data, we show, in agreement with the recent empirical results by Jones, Kaul and Lipson (1994), that it is in fact the number of trades which defines the economic time. We prove that without any assumption on the distribution of the stochastic time t we recover normality for asset price returns when using the number of trades as the "stochastic clock". We extract from a tick by tick data base the empirical distribution of asset returns and use a parametric estimation procedure to compute the moments of the unknown distribution of the subordinator t. The moments of t coincide with the corresponding moments of the number of trades. Lastly, we explain how the issue of stochastic volatility can be embedded in the general framework of stochastic time changes and what it implies for option pricing and hedging. The effectiveness of implied versus historical volatility in forecasting the future volatility has recently been, with good reasons, the subject of scrutiny both among academics and practitioners. It is common practice to use implied volatility as the market's forecast of future volatility. S&P 500 options and futures prices are used to show that implied volatility is a poor forecast of the realized volatility. The use of subordinated processes can help to construct a good forecast of the realized volatility. Moreover, our time change as well as our volatility forecast highlights the role of the rate of information arrival proxied by the number of trades
Khaled, Mohamad. "Estimation bayésienne de modèles espace-état non linéaires." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010048.
Full textKarem, Abdessamad. "Contribution à l'économétrie financière." Caen, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CAEN0608.
Full textBétourné, Nathalie. "De l'existence d'une mémoire pour les rendements d'actions : le cas des titres du CAC 40." Littoral, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DUNK0066.
Full textThe volatility of securities is followed analytically on the financial markets by fractals theory introduced by Mandelbrot in 1950. This theory let determine the existence of the volatility long memory by introducing the R/S statistic (or "Hurst" exponent) defined by Lo (1991) and developped by Jacobsen (1996). The tests positive results attained on the analyse of the volatility do not concluded these obtained on the analyse of asset returns. We show indeed that the introduction of short term effect (autoregressiv models) in the statistic reduce the exponent value despite of the sample size : the long memory do not exist because of the short term-long term couple. The more transactions size is high the more the statistic value decrease : the sort term effect prevail on the long term effect ; the private and public information price depend on the investors strategic behavior of the session (the investors mimetism) function of the liquidity, the spread, the volume and the lead-lag effect criterias. An investor with an immediat reaction for speculation or liquid patterns lead a short term dependence of asser returns : their strategy depend on the evolution of past prices. We show that the short memory exist from an autoregressiv model modified GARCH introduced by Zumbach (1999). We can have a second approach of the short term effect from the duration between transaction prices and the volatility negativ correlation. We extend the modified GARCH(1,1) process of Zumbach by a mixed GARCH(1,1)-ACD process for getting account the duration factor. The results show that the asset returns short memory exist and the deviation of the errors estimations are lower with the mixed GARCH(1,1)-ACD process
Boucher, Christophe. "Mésalignements, rentabilités et volatilité sur le marché des actions." Paris 13, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA131027.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to analyze empirically misalignments on the US stock market and to examine their impact on the future path of stock prices, the volatility and the monetary policy conduct. Chapter 1 shows that the unconditional expected equity premium is affected by the structural economic changes and not only by the business cycle. Chapter 2 considers a new perspective on the relationship between stock prices and inflation, by estimating the common long-term trend in the earning-price ratio and inflation. Chapter 3 explores the adjustment mechanism between US stock prices and fundamentals using momentum threshold autoregressive (MTAR) models. Chapter 4 considers the impact of misalignments on realized volatility. Chapter 5 investigates the relationship between consumption, disaggregated wealth and the monetary policy for the US
Khanniche, Sabrina. "Les risques des hedge funds." Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100159.
Full textHedge funds are getting more and more importance. Fuelled by the prospect of returns disconnected from global markets, a wide range of investors have sought exposure to hedge funds, especially after the losses caused by the dot com bubble. They invest in a wide range of markets as well as in companies. The underlying risks are heterogeneous, varied and sometimes interconnected. Furthermore, those risks are magnified by leverage hedge funds undertake. When markets are normal, hedge funds are able to generate returns more attractive than those provided by traditional assets. However, they exhibit an extreme losses risk when markets go suddenly down. Thus, it is important to have an idea of those risks and think about a more accurate measure of hedge fund risks. We thus take into account Value at Risk for which volatility is evaluated in a better manner and quantile retained is different from the normal law. The dynamic analysis of hedge funds suggest that their returns are exposed to an extreme regime when markets go down
Soullard, Yann. "Classification et détection de figures chartistes par apprentissage statistique." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066341.
Full textThis thesis deals with financial stock market analysis and is especially focused on chart pattern recognition. A chart pattern is a particular shape which has a predictive power; it is defined by theoretical rules. Detecting such patterns is difficult. There is an important gap between theory and practice; real patterns do not perfectly respect the theoretical rules. Moreover, chart patterns definition seems subjective; it depends on the financial expert. Finally, there is no large labeled datasets of chart patterns. We study classification and detection of chart patterns using statistical markovian systems. We focus on generative (Hidden Markov Models) and discriminative (Conditional Random Fields, Hidden CRFs) approaches which are standard technologies for sequential data recognition. We propose various strategies to learn accurate systems with small training sets. The first one blends HMMs and HCRFs in such a way that the modeling ability of the generative models is used to limit the overfitting of the discriminative ones. The second strategy, is a semi-supervised approach which learns jointly a HMM and a HCRF systems; it has some similarity with the well-known co-training algorithm. To design an accurate detection system dedicated to a particular financial expert, we propose a two level system where candidate patterns are first extracted from the financial stock-market using HMMs, and then they are confirmed as chart patterns or rejected by a SVM which uses an enriched representation of patterns. While the HMM system is learn once for every expert, the SVM level is trained with an active learning strategy to take into account the expert’s own detection criteria
Cloutier, Jean. "Estimation bayesienne d'un modèle de volatilité stochastique et application au risque de taux d'intérêt." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28521/28521.pdf.
Full textKsaier, Ahmed. "Crise de change : essai de modélisation prévisionnelle dans les cas de la crises asiatique de 1997." Nice, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NICE0013.
Full textThe Asian financial crisis triggered in 1997 differs from previous crises by both its intensity and scope. Its unprecedented devastating impacts have affected not only whole Asia but also the rest of the world through its contagion effect. From the experience of the Asian crisis of 1997, the objective of this work is to predict the occurrence of a currency crisis from a set of warning indicators. We open our work by a first chapter, which outlines the theoretical literature’s evolution relating to problems of currency crises. The second chapter is devoted to the development of econometric methodology, which is based on logit model. Indeed, it is used to evaluate the predictive ability of the indicators and identify the most contributory variables to the increased probability of currency crisis’ occurrence. In the third chapter, we sought to understand the dynamics of certain variables that reflect financial panics and other financial market instabilities. To refine the modeling of the complex dynamics that governs the daily returns of these financial series, we focus our attention on long memory process. The objective is to strive for the best possible model in order to improve changes anticipation in future returns and volatility, which is often associated to a measure of financial risk, and thereby minimize the risk of occurrence of a financial crisis. Finally, in light of the Asian crisis of 1997, the fourth chapter shows that currency crises have negative effects on economic growth and foreign direct investment
Chuffart, Thomas. "Problèmes de choix de modèles dans la volatilité conditionnelle." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM2022.
Full textThis Ph.D. thesis composed by three chapters contributes to the development of model selection in GARCH-type models.The first chapter investigates whether the most common selection criteria lead to choose the right specification in a regime switching framework. We propose simulation experiments which reveal the inefficiency of some selection criteria in particular cases which lead to misspecification. Depending on the Data Generating Process used in the experiments, great care is needed when choosing a criterion.In the second chapter, a misspecication test for GARCH-type models is presented. We propose a Lagrange Multiplier type test based on a Taylor expansion to distinguish between (G)ARCH models and unknown nonlinear GARCH-type models. This test can be seen as a general misspecication test. We investigate the size and the power of this test through Monte Carlo experiments. We show the usefulness of our test with an illustrative empirical example based on daily exchange rate returns.In the third chapter, we study the impact of oil price returns on sovereign Credit Default Swaps (CDS) spreads for two major oil producers, Russia and Venezuela. Using daily spreads from 2008 to 2015, we find that crude oil price returns are a critical determinant of Venezuela CDS spreads changes, but does not explain significantly Russian CDS spreads. Indeed, oil prices seem to impact Russian CDS spreads through the exchange rates canal. Finally, we propose as an appendix the manual of the MSGtool, a MATLAB toolbox, which provides a collection of functions for the simulation and estimation of a large variety of Markov Switching GARCH (MSG) models
Mokengoy, Mardochée Bopo. "Volatility transmission between the oil price, the exchange rate and the stock market index." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25856.
Full textThis thesis analyzes the transmission of volatility between oil prices, exchange rates and stock market indices in Canada and in the USA for the period 1999/01/04 – 2014/03/21. Using a multivariate GARCH – BEKK model, we find that in Canada, there is a bidirectional transmission of volatility between the exchange rate $US/$CAD and the stock market index TSX, a positive transmission from the stock market index to the oil price and a negative transmission from the exchange rate to the oil price. We find also that these relationships are not stable over time. For the USA, the model estimated does not satisfy the condition of covariance stationarity for the entire sample and the sub sample 1999/01/04 – 2002/10/08. So we consider only results for sub samples 2002/10/09 – 2008/05/30 and 2008/06/02 – 2014/03/21. Results show that there are transmissions of volatility, but here again, these relationships are not stable over time.
Diallo, Abdoul Salam. "La sécurisation alimentaire des pays d'Afrique sub-saharienne par la maîtrise de l'instabilité des prix des matières premières agricoles : une perspective économétrique." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON10027.
Full textIn our thesis, we assume that African Sub-saharan countries' food security status can be enhanced through a better management of agricultural commodities prices instability, which constitutes the basic food basket of local populations. To this aim, we initially review the dynamics of agricultural markets and the role played by “prices” in this mechanism as well as the existing linkages between unstable price trends and the notion of food insecurity. Focus is then directed to the relationship between “food insecurity” and the regulation of the agricultural sector, in particular within international trade theory frameworks.Finally, we proceed to the assessment of “food insecurity” through the empirical analysis of the instabilities affecting food prices of the region, and also that of price transmission and linkages within and between countries. We then highlight prices instabilities at individual (country) level, as well as the linkage of these prices (therefore of their unstable components) between the various constituents of the basic food basket of a given country, or that of neighboring countries.All along our thesis, food insecurity resilience measures for these countries are suggested. These measures are believed to potentially serve as initial steps in the establishment of national and regional agricultural policies aiming at attaining/safeguarding food security in African sub-Saharan countries
Chebil, Mhiri Myriam. "Spreads obligataires souverains et transmission de la volatilité entre les marchés financiers de la zone euro." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100113/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on explaining the determinants of sovereign bond yield spreads in selected euro area countries during the financial crises of last decade. It examines the impact of those turmoil periods on sovereign bond market dynamics, and on its interactions with stock and CDS markets. GARCH-type models are used to identify determinants explaining spreads of each country, while panel data analyzed within fixed and random effects models, and run on crisis and non-crisis periods, identify whole sample determinants. To assess contagion effect, both MS- VAR and DCC-MVGARCH models are used. Results suggest that global risk and liquidity factors are the significant drivers of the spreads volatility. For the periphery countries in the euro zone, spreads are found to be more responsive to explanatory risk factors than those of the core countries. The role of these factors is also found stronger during the sub-prime and euro area crises. The analyses of the financial markets interactions within the euro area demonstrate the existence of a contagion effect, as well as a “flight to quality” phenomenon
Banulescu, Denisa-Georgiana. "Four essays in financial econometrics." Thesis, Orléans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ORLE0505.
Full textThis thesis focuses on financial risk measures and volatility modeling. The broad goal of this dissertationis: (i) to propose new techniques to measure both systemic risk and high-frequency risk, and (ii) toapply and improve advanced econometric tools to model and forecast time-varying volatility. This workhas been concretized in four chapters (articles).The first part addresses issues related to econometric modeling and forecasting procedures on bothsystemic risk and high-frequency risk measures. More precisely, Chapter 2 proposes a new systemic riskmeasure used to identify systemically important financial institutions (SIFIs). Based on a componentapproach, this original measure allows to decompose the risk of the aggregate financial system whileaccounting for the firm characteristics. Chapter 3 studies the importance and certifies the validity ofintraday High Frequency Risk (HFR) measures for market risk in the special context of irregularly spacedhigh-frequency data.The second part of this thesis tackles the need to improve the estimation/prediction of volatility bydirectly including high-frequency data or realized measures of volatility. Therefore, in Chapter 4 weexamine whether high-frequency data improve the volatility forecasts accuracy, and if so, whether thereexists an optimal sampling frequency in terms of prediction. Chapter 5 studies the financial volatilityduring the global financial crisis. To this aim, we use the largest volatility shocks, as provided by therobust version of the Realized GARCH model, to identify and analyze the events having induced theseshocks during the crisis
Benhmad, François. "La WVaR (Wavelet Value at Risk) : une analyse temps-fréquence de la VaR du CAC40." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON10024.
Full textAlthough multiplicity of VaR estimate approaches,they suffer from a fundamental weakness.They don't make any distiction between informations captured in a high frequency and in a low frequency manner.It is an implicit assumption of homogeneity of fiancial markets in contrast to empirical facts. In our thesis, we try to construct a VaR model based on volatility decomposition in the frequency domain.It enables us to show how the time horizons heterogeneity of financial markets participants could influence value at risk estimates.We use a statistical tool able to give us temporal information about volatility and frequencial information about trading frequencies of market participants:the time frequency approach of wavelet transform
Faye, Diogoye. "Modélisation Espace d'Etats de la Value-at-Risk : La SVaR." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON10006.
Full textThe RiskMetrics model developed by the bank JP Morgan following the amendment of Basel accords 1988 was erected as a measure of financial risk to deal with important disturbances affecting international banking markets. Commonly known as Value at Risk, it was accepted by all bodies and financial institutions to be a coherent risk measure. Despite its popularity, it is the subject of many controversies. Indeed, the estimation parameters of RiskMetrics are assumed to be fixed over time, which is contrary to the characteristics of financial markets. Two valid reasons are used to justify temporal instability : *Due to the presence of heterogenous agents the VaR is not analysed by focusing on a single temporal dimension but rather on trading frequencies (we use Wavelet method for it). *The structure of financial time series wich is usually affected by the crash bubble phenomenons and so on. These can be considered as hidden variables that we must take into account in the risk assessment. For this, we use state space modeling and kalman filter. We immediately know that performances of the VaR are evaluated using backtesting test. This is based on the technique of rolling regression wich shows an obvious break : We can not know the processes governing the variation of parameters; there is no endogeneisation dynamics thereof. To provide a solution to this problem, we propose an application of the kalman filter on VaR and WVaR models. This filter recursively corrects by its functions the parameters of time. In these terms we define a risk measure called SVaR wich in realitity is the VaR obtained by updating estimation parameters. It provides an accurate estimate of the volatility existing in the financial market. It thus gives way to any financial institution to have enough capital to face market risk
Kurpiel, Adam. "Valorisation et gestion d'options : modèles à volatilité stochastique." Bordeaux 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR40048.
Full textEl, Bakkouchi Mounir. "Analyse du risque de marché boursier marocain en période de crise des subprimes : Cas de l'indice MASI." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON10004/document.
Full textThe Moroccan stock market had experienced an unmatched Sharp collapse due to the subprime crisis that happened in the USA on summer 2007, the index of MASI lost 20% in the same year, thus we can talk here about a crash of stock. In 2008, the stock market lost 70 billion MAD. It is possible that it will continue decreasing, and that the scenario of 2007 - 2009 will happen again. The purpose of this thesis is to suggest a detailed empirical analysis of the yields of MASI index and choose the most efficient portfolios, and an econometric model that can record the lowest score of the violations, in other words, it can guarantee the best cover against the downside market risk Whatever the level of the volatility reached by the Moroccan stock market, to achieve this goal we use the Markowitz model and Value at Risk
Salvati, Jean. "Les énigmes dans les modèles d'évaluation basés sur la consommation : analyse et solutions." Paris 9, 1995. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1995PA090004.
Full textThis thesis adresses three puzzles in dynamic consumption-based asset pricing theory : mehra and prescott's equity premium and risk-free rate puzzles, and the excess volatility puzzle. Chapter 1 reviews traditional consumption-based asset pricing models with complete markets and time-separable preferences. Chapter 2 reviews the evidence on these models' inability to match the estimated first and second moments of asset returns for a reasonable value of the coefficient of relative risk aversion. Chapter 3 studies the impact of consumption habit persistence on a representative-agent model's predictions. The habit persistence model matches the estimated average asset returns for a coefficient of relative risk aversion close to twelve, but is unable to match the asset returns' standard deviations. Chapter 4 reviews three models with market incompleteness due to uninsurable shocks on labor income. These models fail to provide a solution to the puzzles. Chapter 5 introduces a model with incomplete markets, borrowing constraints, and incomplete participation in the stock market (caused by fixed information education costs). For sufficiently strict borrowing constraints, the model is able to match the estimated first and second moments of asset returns for a coefficient of relative risk aversion equal to 2
Aboura, Sofiane. "L' étude du comportement de la volatilité implicite." Aix-Marseille 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX32037.
Full textThis thesis deals with the study of the implied volatility behavior. The first part presents and simulates the main implied volatility models and option pricing models. The goal is to highlight the role of the parameters characterizing the volatility process on the smile deformation. The second part is dedicated to the study of the predictive power and to the transmission of implied volatility, within an international framework, between the French, German and US markets (VX1, VDAX and VIX). The objective is to measure the interactions between volatilities and to quantify their process. The third part is devoted to option valuation with a discussion on the empirical dynamic of the smile. The analysis concerns models derived from Black-Scholes (1973), models including information costs, stochastic volatility models and NGARCH models. The purpose is to underline the performance and limit of these models along with their smile
Thomas, Alban. "L'économétrie des variances conditionnelles : application des processus Arch à la modélisation financière." Toulouse 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU10032.
Full textConditional variance processes arch are presented in detail in order to apply engle’s methodology 1982 to financial valuation. The tests and issues due to heteroskedasticity are introduced to allow the help of arch models as a simple parametric specification for heteroskedasticity. A first application to financial modeling consists in estimating and testing a capm model in which stock returns variances and covariances of 140 french assets are made variable. It is shown that estimation results are interesting and can be used for the computation of variable prediction confidence intervals. The second application is concerned with estimation of implied standard deviations from the option pricing model blacck scholes 1973 according to a generalized arch process. The analysis shows that historical volatilities computed from the series of risk measures enter the expectations of black scholes implicit volatilities. One asseses the possibility of predicting option prices and hedging portfolios shares
El, Kolei Salima. "Estimation des modèles à volatilité stochastique par filtrage et déconvolution." Nice, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NICE4095.
Full textThis thesis deals with the estimation of the state and/or the parameters of state-space models. The motivations come from financial applications, namely, from the estimation of the stochastic volatility and the parameters of its dynamics. Here, we consider two models : the Taylor SV model and the Heston model. After presenting the filtering methods, we propose a new approach of M-estimation based on a déconvolution strategy for linear state space models. We show that this method leads to a consistent and asymptotically normal estimator with an explicit variance, allowing constructing asymptotic confidence interval in practice. For the SV model, a thorough comparison with filtering methods and other classical methods is given on simulated and real data. This study shows the performance of our new approach. The Heston model is an example of complex state space models and, due to the nonlinearity, we cannot apply our approach. Nevertheless, filtering methods can be used for this model and we show how the filters update the estimation of the volatility and the parameters thanks to the observation of option prices. This illustrates the flexibility of these methods. Finally, we analyze the model risk induces by an error in the estimation of the parameters. Our objective consists in understanding the behavior of the filtering methods when the model is not well parameterized. A theoretical analysis consists in isolating the model risk due to the uncertainty of the parameters from the error of estimation for linear (and weakly nonlinear) models. An application of this result is given for the Heston model
Brezovski, Mathieu. "Inférence bayésienne des modèles à sauts dans la volatilité du sous-jacent des options négociables." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2005/BREZOVSKI_Mathieu_2005.pdf.
Full textSince the seminal contributions of Black and Scholes (1973) the range of the possible specifications to model the evolution of an underlying asset has considerably increased and continues to grow. These developments are justified by the need for taking into account the phenomena governing the dynamics of the underlying asset in order to provide theoretical option prices always more in adequacy with those observed. This thesis is devoted to the study of a new class of option pricing models with jumps in the volatility process. A significant place is granted to the estimation of this kind of models. The first two chapters of the thesis enable us to review the essential elements that are used as a basis for the original part of our work. We thus expose the principal results and weaknesses of standard option pricing models (Black and Scholes, stochastic volatility models and jump models), then, we describe the various existing estimation methods with a specific emphasis on the Bayesian approach. In the third chapter, we start from a widespread specification in the financial literature to propose a new model taking into account the existence of discontinuities in volatility process. After having discussed its risk-neutralization and having deduced a pricing formula, we illustrate the impact of jumps on the implied volatility surface. In the fourth chapter we describe an original Bayesian method of estimation based on the observation of the French volatility index, which allows to determine the risk-neutrals parameters of this model. Finally, in the fifth chapter, we expose an extended model where both asset returns and volatility follow jump diffusion processes
Bennour, Khaled. "Impact de l'introduction de l' option : stabilité et bien être." Toulouse 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU10090.
Full textHenon, Sandrine. "Évaluation et couverture de produits dérivés dans les marchés imparfaits : un modèle de taux avec volatilité stochastique." Marne-la-Vallée, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MARN0242.
Full textTouzi, Nizar. "Modèles à volatilité stochastique : arbitrage, équilibre et inférence statistique." Paris 9, 1993. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1993PA090053.
Full textRegnard, Nazim. "Modèles GARCH à coefficients fonctions d'un processus exogène." Lille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL30036.
Full textIn this document, we studt the probabilistic properties and the statistical inference of parametric conditional volatility models with coefficients driven by an observed exogenous process. The first part of the thesis is devoted to the stability properties of a GARCH (1,1) model belonging to this class. Necessary and suffcient conditions are given for the existence of solutions, which are generally non-stationary, and for the existence of moments of such solutions. These conditions concerns the GARCH coefficients in the various regimes of the exogenous process, and the stationary probabilities of these regimes. The second part is devoted to the asymptotic properties of the quasi-maximum likelihood estimator. The consistency and asymptotic normality are derived under regularity assumptions implying the stability of the solution and the strict positivity of the GARCH coefficients but without requiring the existence of moments of the observal process. In the third part, we derive the asymptotic properties of the estimator when certain coefficients of the model are null. In this case, the symptotic distribution of the estimator is shown to be the projection of a Gaussian distribution onto a convex one, and thus is non Gaussian. We derive asymptotic distributions of test of nullity of some coefficients, and their asymptotic local power functions. Most of these asymptotic results are illustrated by stimulated examples. The proposed models seems to be particularly well suited for the modeling of energy prices. For gas prices, an empirical finding is the existence of distinct volatility regimes for the volatility of gas prices, depending on the temperature level
Sridi, Abir. "Méthodes Monte Carlo et modélisation du smile de volatilité dans un cadre multi-dimensionnel." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010069.
Full textSorencen, Alexandre Peter. "Circuits de financement de l'économie nigérienne : approche économétrique." Paris 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA020103.
Full textLin, Jia. "Evaluation et couverture d'options exotiques : options sur moyenne et produits differentiels." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010035.
Full textThis thesis covers two topics studying respectively the valuation of two derivative products : asian options and quanto contracts. Asian options are path-dependent contingent claims which settle against arithmetic average of prices calculated over a given time interval. Under standard assumptions, an exact closed-form formula is not available for the ir prices. The first two chapters propose approximate analytical formulas for the pricing of asian options. These formulas are simple ot use and have satisfactory precision when compared to monte carlo simulations. The third chapter extends the idea of option on average to interest rates. Pricing formulas are derived for options on average interest ra tes and some numerical examples are given to show how these options should be used. Chapters four and five are related to the pricing and hedging of quanto contracts. A new pricing model is developed using the technique of equivalent martingale measure. It allows for risky assets denominated in two currencies and takes into account the fact that their diffusion processes are correlated. The main result is that a domestic investor needs not distinguish foreign assets from domestic ones when he evaluates contingent claims under the equivalent martingale probability measure. The instantaneous return of a foreign asset is equal to the instantaneous foreign interest rate plus a sum of correlations that can be positive or negative. Explicit formulas are derived and examples are provided to illustrate the key results. Important orle played by correlation in quanto contracts is emphasized by numerical examples given in the last chapter
Jurczenko, Emmanuel. "Modèles d'évaluation des prix des actifs financiers et moments d'ordre supérieur." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010007.
Full textJerbi, Yacin. "Évaluation des options et gestion des risques financiers par les réseaux de neurones et les modèles à volatilité stochastique." Paris 1, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00308623.
Full textMaurice, Stéphanie. "L'énigme de la prime de risque sur actions : une application au cas français." Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT4001.
Full textThis thesis studies the impact of the equity premium puzzle with french statistical data. The standard C-CAPM model is presented in order to highlight the theoretical underpinning of the equity premium. Using the calibration method proposed by Mehra and Prescott (1985), we delineate the equity premium puzzle. Then, we consider this puzzle using two other methods : volatility bounds and log-linear C-CAPM. We apply the three methods to french data. First, some methodological points about the construction and the use of financial and consumption statistics are discussed. It is shown that the "equity premium puzzle" also pertains to France. We study the equity premium puzzle using a non-expected recursive utility function. After a presentation of the impact of a such model in the case of us, we examine its empirical relevance for France. Finally we explores the impact of habit formation on the equity premium puzzle. Theoretical and empirical implications of habit formation are considerer for the case of us. We restrict, for the french situation, the analysis to the case where habit formation is based on a ratio model
Diaw, Alassane Bocar. "Dynamique de l'indice CAC 40 et du contrat à terme dérivé à partir des données à haute fréquence." Nice, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NICE0031.
Full textThis work aims to study intraday dynamics of CAC 40 index futures and the underlying spot index. Theoretically, if the markets are linked by activity, futures prices should be equal to spot prices suggesting that information flows simultaneously in the two markets. However, the majority of the studies highlight the leading role of the futures markets, in price discovery, allotted to microstructure issues. The primary goal of this study is to quantify and study the stability of informational flows. We seek to determine whether, between microstructure bias and information volume, time interval is significant in the characterization of the returns and volatility dynamics. The bivariate analysis is based on an error correction model for the returns equation and an EGARCH model to capture the volatility spillover. The first has shown the predominance of the futures market in the price discovery process, specifically for short time intervals. The latter has highlighted high volatility clustering in the futures market and unidirectional transmission of information shocks to spot market, particularly at higher time intervals. The second goal is to explain futures market volatility clustering by the intensity of the activity and the information asymmetry based on volumes and prices proxies. The Autoregressive Conditional Duration (ACD) model has shown some predictability of the volatility clustering at the level of ultra-high frequencies (tick-data). However, the role of the information asymmetry in the futures market volatility seems, globally, negligible and non permanent. The use of mixed duration and conditional volatility models (ACD- GARCH) confirms these results. Therefore, the volatility in the French major index futures market shouldn’t be allotted to informed agents with private information, as documented by market microstructure literature in some foreign markets
Milcent, Carine. "Tarification par pathologie, hétérogénéité des hôpitaux et innovations techniques : approche économétrique sur des séjours hospitaliers effectués pour infarctus aigu du myocarde." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100113.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to evaluate the potential impact of a Prospective Payment System (PPS), based on Yardstick competition, on the expenditures of public hospitals in France. The study id focused on a particular pathology : the Acute Myocardial Infarction. We reach the conclusison that a full PPS based on the current French DRGs could generate savings of about 40% but would penalize the hospitals which assigned specific activities by the regulator (teaching, research. . . ) and the hospitals that perform innovative treatments. For the latter, this payment system can be an incentive to select patients. To take into account the heterogeneity between different hospitals, we thus suggest a mixed payment, combining a fee and a reimbursement of the observed cost. An empirical study enables us to determine the optimal weight for each of these two components. This way, we obtain a payment that minimises the moral hazard and takes into account all the unobserved heterogeneity provided it is constant over time. In this case, budget savings could reach 16%. Moreover, it is shown in an other empirical study that patient are directed toward innovative hospitals if innovative treatment seems appropriate to cure them. In addition, transfers of patients from an hospital to another and the lengt of stay of the patient in the hospital do not present any pattern of systematic cost-saving behaviour. Last, innovative procédures tend to increase the lengh of stay, and the cost of the patients sufferings from heart attack with or without complication. Yet, for the patients having received an angioplasty instead of a bypass owing to the fact that this innovation has spread, the lengh of stay has been shortened and the cost reduced
Rédis, Jean. "Contribution à la connaissance du financement des entreprises en France : évolution du comportement de financement des sociétés françaises cotées et pouvoir explicatif des modèles théoriques (1960-1996)." Bordeaux 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR40028.
Full textMrad, Mehdi. "Méthodes numériques d'évaluation et de couverture des options exotiques multi-sous-jacents : modèles de marché et modèles à volatilité incertaine." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010010.
Full textMero, Gulten. "Modèles à facteurs latents et rentabilités des actifs financiers." Rennes 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN1G011.
Full textThis thesis aims at using latent factor models and recent econometric developments in order to obtain a better understanding of underlying asset risk. Firstly, we describe the various latent factor models currently applied to finance as well as the main estimation methodologies. We also present how financial and econometrical theories allow us to link statistical factors to economic and financial variables, hence facilitating their interpretation. Secondly, we use a cross-sectional approach in order to explain and interpret the risk profile of hedge fund and stock returns. Our methodology is consistent with statistical properties inherent to large samples as well as the dynamic properties of systematic risk. Thirdly, we model a market where prices and volumes are influenced by intra-day liquidity shocks. We propose a mixture of distribution model with two latent factors allowing us to capture the respective impacts of both information shocks and liquidity frictions. This model enables us to build a static stock-specific liquidity measure using daily data. Moreover, we extend our structural model in order to take into account dynamic properties of liquidity risk. In particular, we distinguish two liquidity issues : intra-day liquidity frictions and illiquidity events deteriorating market quality in a persistent manner. Finally, we use signal extraction modeling in order to build dynamic liquidity measures
Gloter, Arnaud. "Estimation des paramètres d'une diffusion cachée : intégrales de processus de diffusion et modèles à volatilité stochastique." Marne-la-Vallée, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MARN0066.
Full textCouderc, Nicolas. "Quatre essais en finance d'entreprise : choix financiers, efficience et valeur." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010044.
Full textMacovschi, Stefan Eugen. "Aspects quantitatifs pour la gestion de position en finance de marché." Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10066.
Full textChampagne, Michael. "La loterie comme source de financement de l'éducation." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25596/25596.pdf.
Full textAgueb, Ibtissem. "Économie du patrimoine immobilier des ménages en France." Toulouse 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU10056.
Full textThe behaviour of households regarding the acquisition of housing is studied according to three distinct but complementary visions : macro-economic, micreconomic and econometric. A macroeconomic analysis, emanating basicalllly from the works of national accounting system, studies the evolution of the detention od a main home by the households, the characteristics of the home-owners and the characteristics of the home they live in. This analysis permits to define the key variables which influence the possibility of home-ownership. The micro-economic analysis is based on the psychological and sociological aspects which encourage the households to purchase their residences. The theoretical argument used is Brumberg and Modigliani's life cycle hypothesis. Various extensions of this theory were studied (intergenerational transfers, uncertainty, imperfections of the capital markets, etc). These different theories neglect the ethical aspect which has been taken into account in our study although being mainly inspired the work of Sen based on the concept of sustainable development and intergenerational solidarity in the transmission of inheritance. As for the emperical part, based on the 1997-1998 INSEE survey on inheritance, it calls on two types of econometric methods : the dichotomic models logit and semi-parametric models of duration. The results of the logistic regression permitted to detect the main socio-economic factors which influence, negatively or positively, the probability of possession of the main home. The results of the models of duration permitted to identify the socio-economic factors which accelerate or on the contrary which delay the age of the purchase
Anouar, Kamal. "La décision de distribution de la valeur créée par les entreprises du SBF250 : apports de la finance d'entreprise comportementale." Nice, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NICE0015.
Full textThis thesis contributes to the explanation and understanding of payout policies through the study of the impact of behavioural imperfections on the decision to pay dividend in France. The purpose of research is available in two research questions: the first focuses on whether the persistence of managers to pay dividends is related to a better market valuation of companies reflecting prevailing uninformed investor preferences for dividend payers. The second research question aims to investigate whether the persistence of managers to pay dividends is related to biases of optimism and overconfidence that affect their decision to pay. Through quantitative and qualitative studies on data concerning the SBF250 companies, we show the relevance of this recent research framework. Indeed, the results from different Logit/Probit regressions show that investor demand for companies who pay dividends influence significantly the probability that a manager decide to initiate or to continue paying a dividend to shareholders in the case of a company characterized by a large size, high profitability and low debt levels. Furthermore, it appears by the content analysis made on the corpus of the "Messages des présidents" that the managers of the largest companies listed on the French market are more or less affected by the biases of overconfidence and optimism