Journal articles: 'Volcanic history'

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SCARPATI, CLAUDIO, ANNAMARIA PERROTTA, SIMONE LEPORE, and ANDREW CALVERT. "Eruptive history of Neapolitan volcanoes: constraints from 40Ar–39Ar dating." Geological Magazine 150, no. 3 (October 31, 2012): 412–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756812000854.

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AbstractThe city of Naples can be considered part of the Campi Flegrei volcanic field, and deposits within the urban area record many autochthonous pre- to post-caldera eruptions. Age measurements were carried out using 40Ar–39Ar dating techniques on samples from small monogenetic vents and more widely distributed tephra layers. The 40Ar–39Ar ages on feldspar phenocrysts yielded ages of c. 16 ka and 22 ka for events older than the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff caldera-forming eruption (15 ka), and ages of c. 40 ka, 53 ka and 78 ka for events older than the Campanian Ignimbrite caldera-forming eruption (39 ka). The oldest age obtained is 18 ka older than previous dates for pyroclastic deposits cropping out along the northern rim of Campi Flegrei. The results of this study allow us to divide the Campi Flegrei volcanic history into four main, geochronologically distinct eruptive cycles. A new period, the Paleoflegrei, occurred before 74–78 ka and has been proposed to better discriminate the ancient volcanism in the volcanic field. The eruptive history of Campi Flegrei extends possibly further back than this, but the products of previous eruptions are difficult to date owing to the lack of fresh juvenile clasts. These new geochronological data, together with recently published ages related to young volcanic edifices located in the city of Naples (Nisida volcano, 3.9 ka) testify to persistent activity over a period of at least 80 ka, with an average eruption recurrence interval of ~555 years within and adjacent to this densely populated city.

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ISHIZAKI, Yasuo. "Volcanic history of Goshikigahara volcano, Central Hokkaido, Japan." Japanese Magazine of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences 33, no. 1 (2004): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2465/gkk.33.12.

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MIMURA, Koji. "Geology of Bandai Volcano and its Volcanic History." Journal of Geography (Chigaku Zasshi) 97, no. 4 (1988): 280–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5026/jgeography.97.4_280.

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HAYATSU, Kenji, Satoshi SHIMIZU, and Tetsumaru ITAYA. "Volcanic History of Myoko Volcano Group, Central Japan. Poly-generation volcano." Journal of Geography (Chigaku Zasshi) 103, no. 3 (1994): 207–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5026/jgeography.103.207.

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Martínez-Abarca, Rodrigo, Socorro Lozano-García, Beatriz Ortega-Guerrero, and Margarita Caballero-Miranda. "Fires and volcanic activity: History of fire in the Mexico basin during late Pleistocene based on carbonized material records in the Chalco lake." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas 36, no. 2 (July 28, 2019): 259–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/cgeo.20072902e.2019.2.1090.

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Forest fires, considered as free and not programmed fire propagation, are perturbations that greatly alter ecosystems. During fires, variable quantities of charcoal particles are produced by the burning vegetation, which can be later deposited in lacustrine basins. The traditional charcoal size particle model associates the > 100 µm primary particles to local fire events, within the watershed, and the < 100 µm particles are linked to regional fire events, outside the watershed. Fires can be related with favorable climatic conditions, but in tectonically active areas like the basin of Mexico, volcanism can also be a factor producing fires and charcoal particles. We document the history, intensity and frequency of fires recorded in the lacustrine sediments of lake Chalco (core CHAVII-11), by performing a high-resolution charcoal particle analysis in sediments deposited before and after three main volcanic events. The sources of these events had different distances to lake Chalco: Tláhuac tephra (TTH; 28690 years cal BP), probably produced by the Teuhtli volcano, was a local event; the Tutti Frutti Pumice (PTF; 17000 years cal BP) produced by the Popocatépetl volcano, was an extra-local event and the Upper Toluca Pumice (PTS; 12300 years cal BP) produced by the Nevado de Toluca volcano, was a regional event. Charcoal accumulation rates (CHAR) and distribution of size particles indicate that paleoclimate was a direct factor defining the intensity and recurrence of fires before and after volcanic activity, as climate defines vegetation type and density, and therefore fuel availability. Fires before and after the TTH were frequent, local and intense in comparison with fires reconstructed before or after the PTF and PTS events. CHAR values were lower during the more widespread PTF event, than for the local TTH event, although the highest CHAR values were recorded for the most distant, regional, and intense PTS event. These results show that charcoal accumulation rates during the volcanic events in central Mexico cannot be interpreted following traditional model of charcoal particle dispersion. This model have important restrictions in active volcanic regions such as central Mexico.

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CADOUX, ANITA, YVES MISSENARD, RAYMUNDO G. MARTINEZ-SERRANO, and HERVÉ GUILLOU. "Trenchward Plio-Quaternary volcanism migration in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt: the case of the Sierra Nevada range." Geological Magazine 148, no. 3 (January 28, 2011): 492–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756810000993.

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AbstractThe Miocene–Quaternary Trans-Mexican Volcanic arc is thought to have grown southwards (i.e. trenchward) since the Pliocene. This theory is mainly supported by roughly N–S-directed polygenetic volcanic ranges along which volcanic activity migrates southwards with time. We investigated the eruptive history of one of these ranges, the Sierra Nevada (east boundary of Mexico City basin), by compiling literature ages and providing new K–Ar dates. Our K–Ar ages are the first ones for the northernmost Tláloc and Telapón volcanoes and for the ancestral Popocatépetl (Nexpayantla). The obtained ages reveal that the four stratovolcanoes forming the range worked contemporaneously during most of the Middle to Late Pleistocene. However, taking into account the onset of the volcanic activity, a southward migration is evidenced along the Sierra Nevada: volcanism initiated at its northern tip at least 1.8 Ma ago at Tláloc volcano, extended southwards 1 Ma ago with Iztaccíhuatl and appeared at its southern end 329 ka ago with the Nexpayantla cone. Such a migration would be most probably primarily driven by Cocos slab roll-back and steepening rather than by regional crustal tectonics, which played a secondary role by controlling the apparent alignment of the volcanoes.

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Sanchez, L., and R. Shcherbakov. "Scaling properties of planetary calderas and terrestrial volcanic eruptions." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 19, no. 6 (November 6, 2012): 585–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-19-585-2012.

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Abstract. Volcanism plays an important role in transporting internal heat of planetary bodies to their surface. Therefore, volcanoes are a manifestation of the planet's past and present internal dynamics. Volcanic eruptions as well as caldera forming processes are the direct manifestation of complex interactions between the rising magma and the surrounding host rock in the crust of terrestrial planetary bodies. Attempts have been made to compare volcanic landforms throughout the solar system. Different stochastic models have been proposed to describe the temporal sequences of eruptions on individual or groups of volcanoes. However, comprehensive understanding of the physical mechanisms responsible for volcano formation and eruption and more specifically caldera formation remains elusive. In this work, we propose a scaling law to quantify the distribution of caldera sizes on Earth, Mars, Venus, and Io, as well as the distribution of calderas on Earth depending on their surrounding crustal properties. We also apply the same scaling analysis to the distribution of interevent times between eruptions for volcanoes that have the largest eruptive history as well as groups of volcanoes on Earth. We find that when rescaled with their respective sample averages, the distributions considered show a similar functional form. This result implies that similar processes are responsible for caldera formation throughout the solar system and for different crustal settings on Earth. This result emphasizes the importance of comparative planetology to understand planetary volcanism. Similarly, the processes responsible for volcanic eruptions are independent of the type of volcanism or geographical location.

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Chiewphasa, Ben. "Kaboom! Volcano Hazards Mitigation as Government Information." DttP: Documents to the People 48, no. 3 (September 10, 2020): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/dttp.v48i3.7422.

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Preparation for an imminent volcanic eruption relies on strategic communication between experts and the general public, ongoing scientific research and monitoring, and government assistance. Should one falter, lives are at stake at the most critical moment, whether it involves inescapable pyroclastic flows or perhaps plane engine shutdown from volcanic ash. Throughout history, legislative concerns surrounding volcano hazards have been built around the notion of proactiveness, yet financial and resource support oftentimes reflect a tendency towards reactiveness. The following document examines the legislative evolution of volcano hazards mitigation that has extended its reach well into 2020. In addition, an overview of the United States Geological Survey’s Volcano Hazards will be followed by an evaluation of government databases for finding historic and current volcanic data and information.

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Upton, Brian G. J., Linda A. Kirstein, Nicholas Odling, John R. Underhill, Robert M. Ellam, Nicola Cayzer, and Ben A. Clarke. "Silicic volcanism in the Scottish Lower Carboniferous; lavas, intrusions and ignimbrites of the Garleton Hills Volcanic Formation, SE Scotland." Scottish Journal of Geology 56, no. 1 (January 15, 2020): 63–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sjg2019-008.

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Extensional tectonics and incipient rifting on the north side of the Iapetus suture were associated with eruption of (mainly) mildly alkaline olivine basalts. Initially in the Tournaisian (Southern Uplands Terrane), magmatic activity migrated northwards producing the Garleton Hills Volcanic Formation (GHVF) across an anomalous sector of the Southern Uplands. The latter was followed by resumption of volcanism in the Midland Valley Terrane, yielding the Arthur's Seat Volcanic Formation. Later larger-scale activity generated the Clyde Plateau Volcanic Formation (CPVF) and the Kintyre lavas on the Grampian Highlands Terrane. Comparable volcanic successions occur in Limerick, Ireland. This short-lived (c. 30 myr) phase was unique in the magmatic history of the Phanerozoic of the British Isles in which mildly alkaline basaltic magmatism locally led to trachytic differentiates. The Bangly Member of the GHVF represents the largest area occupied by such silicic rocks. The most widespread lavas and intrusions are silica-saturated/oversaturated trachytes for which new whole-rock and isotopic data are presented. Previously unrecognized ignimbrites are described. Sparse data from the fiamme suggest that the magma responsible for the repetitive ignimbrite eruptions was a highly fluid rhyolite. The Bangly Member probably represents the remains of a central-type volcano, the details of which are enigmatic.

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Sato, Eiichi, Keiji Wada, Yusuke Minami, Yoshihiro Ishizuka, and Mitsuhiro Nakagawa. "Reexamination of Eruptive Activity of Akanfuji in the Me-Akan Volcano, Eastern Hokkaido, Japan." Journal of Disaster Research 17, no. 5 (August 1, 2022): 745–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2022.p0745.

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Eruption history of Akanfuji in the Me-akan volcano, eastern Hokkaido, has been examined by comparing multiple natural outcrops. In a previous study, at least 17 layers of scoria fall deposits were recognized. To obtain more detailed geological information and reexamine the eruptive activity of Akanfuji, we conducted trench surveys. At each survey site, the scoria fall deposits from Akanfuji are layered with a total thickness of several tens of centimeters to 1 m. A light brown volcanic ash layer is deposited just under the lowest layer of Akanfuji, and the fresh glass in the light brown volcanic ash shows the glass composition of the volcanic ash that erupted at Tarumai volcano 2500 BP. In addition, volcanic ash ejected from Ponmachineshiri of the Me-akan volcano is deposited on top of the newest deposits in the Akanfuji series with a thin soil layer in between. The volcanic ash ejected from Ponmachineshiri contains patches of volcanic ash from the Mashu volcano that erupted 1000 years ago. Therefore, Akanfuji was active from about 2500 to 1000 years ago. Akanfuji ejected scoria fall deposits at least 17 times (Akf-1 to Akf-17), and assuming that it erupted an average number of times during the activity period, it would be once every 90 years. The eruption rate was estimated to be 0.12 km3 DRE/ka.

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Harangi, Sz, M. Molnár, A. P. Vinkler, B. Kiss, A. J. T. Jull, and A. G. Leonard. "Radiocarbon Dating of the Last Volcanic Eruptions of Ciomadul Volcano, Southeast Carpathians, Eastern-Central Europe." Radiocarbon 52, no. 3 (2010): 1498–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200046580.

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This paper provides new accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon age data for the last volcanic events in the Carpathian-Pannonian region of eastern-central Europe. The eruption ages were determined on charcoal fragments collected from pumiceous pyroclastic flow deposits at 2 localities of the Ciomadul Volcano. Two charcoal samples from the southeastern margin of the volcano (Bixad locality) set the date of the last volcanic eruption to 27,200 ± 260 yr BP (29,500 ± 260 cal BC). On the other hand, our data show that the Tusnad pyroclastic flow deposit, previously considered as representing the youngest volcanic rock of the region, erupted at ∼39,000 yr BP (∼41,300 cal BC). Thus, a period of dormancy more than 10,000 yr long might have elapsed between the 2 volcanic events. The different ages of the Tusnad and Bixad pyroclastic flow deposits are confirmed also by the geochemical data. The bulk pumices, groundmass glass, and the composition of the main mineral phases (plagioclase and amphibole) suggest eruption of slightly different magmas. Considering also the assumed long volcanic history (∼600 ka) of the Ciomadul, these data suggest that further detailed studies are necessary on this seemingly inactive volcano in order to evaluate the possible renewal of volcanic activity in the future.

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KIM, ALICE, and NICOLE C. LAUTZE. "EARLY HAWAIIANS AND VOLCANIC HEAT." Earth Sciences History 39, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/1944-6187-39.1.146.

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This research serves as the first-known compilation of accounts of early Hawaiians using volcanic heat. Western explorers in the 1800s wrote about native Hawaiians near Kīlauea Volcano using volcanic heat for cooking and bathing. They cooked their food wrapped in leaves underground or above a steam crack at Sulphur Banks, Kīlauea Iki, and the Nāpau Crater Trail. Early Hawaiians bathed in the warm waters of Waiwelawela for health. To confirm the presence of volcanic heat, this study used geothermal resource maps by the Hawai‘i Play Fairway project. According to a probability map for volcanic heat, the areas where Hawaiians used volcanic heat have a probability of volcanic heat of 0.8 to 1.0. On a map with temperatures of water wells, water wells close to where Hawaiians used volcanic heat have elevated temperatures. Historically, the areas where Hawaiians used volcanic heat experienced volcanic steam release, volcanic eruptions, and lava flows.

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Kovanen, D. J., D. J. Easterbrook, and P. A. Thomas. "Holocene eruptive history of Mount Baker, Washington." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 38, no. 9 (September 1, 2001): 1355–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e01-025.

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New radiocarbon dates associated with volcanic ashes and lahars improve our understanding of the volcanic activity of Mount Baker, a 3284 m-high, andesitic stratovolcano in the North Cascades, Washington. The geologic record shows that during the Holocene, four ashes and at least seven lahars were deposited on the flanks of Mount Baker and in the nearby North Cascades. Here, we document the ages of three previously undated ashes, the Schriebers Meadow scoria, the Rocky Creek ash, and the Cathedral Crag ash. Because Mount Baker lies at the head of the Nooksack drainage, eruptive activity may influence areas downstream. Understanding the timing and characteristics of volcanic eruptions from Mount Baker is useful from volcanic hazard and paleoclimatological perspectives.

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Kudo, Takashi, Shinji Takarada, and Minoru Sasaki. "Geology and volcanic history of Kita-Hakkoda volcanic group, Northeast Japan." Journal of the Geological Society of Japan 110, no. 5 (2004): 271–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5575/geosoc.110.271.

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Mendoza-Rosas, A. T., and S. De la Cruz-Reyna. "Hazard estimates for El Chichón volcano, Chiapas, México: a statistical approach for complex eruptive histories." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 10, no. 6 (June 10, 2010): 1159–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-10-1159-2010.

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Abstract. The El Chichón volcano (Chiapas, México) most recent eruption occurred in 1982 causing the worst volcanic disaster in the recorded history of Mexico. Prior to the eruption, El Chichón volcano was not considered a very hazardous volcano, a perception mostly caused by the low eruption rate of the past eruptions. The correct assessment of volcanic hazard is the first step to prevent a disaster. In this paper, we analyze two periods of the reported eruptive history of El Chichón volcano during the Holocene, searching for the eruption rates of different VEI magnitude categories and testing their time dependence. One period accounting the eruptions of the last 3707 years before the last eruption (BLE) is assumed to be complete, with no missing relevant events. More scarce information of a period extending to 7772 years BLE is then added. We then apply the Non-Homogeneous Generalized Pareto-Poisson Process (NHGPPP), and the Mixture of Exponentials Distribution (MOED) methods to estimate the volcanic hazard of El Chichón considering both periods. The results are compared with the probabilities obtained from the homogeneous Poisson and Weibull distributions. In this case the MOED and the Weibull distribution are rather insensitive to the inclusion of the extended period. In contrast, the NHGPPP is strongly influenced by the extended period.

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Mizugaki, Keiko. "Geologic structure and volcanic history of Sunagohara caldera volcano, Fukushima, Japan." Journal of the Geological Society of Japan 99, no. 9 (1993): 721–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5575/geosoc.99.721.

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Guest, J. E., J. M. Pacheco, P. D. Cole, A. M. Duncan, N. Wallenstein, G. Queiroz, J. L. Gaspar, and T. Ferreira. "Chapter 9 The volcanic history of Furnas Volcano, São Miguel, Azores." Geological Society, London, Memoirs 44, no. 1 (2015): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/m44.9.

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Monastersky, R. "Volcanic History in the Aleutian Arc." Science News 131, no. 23 (June 6, 1987): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3971605.

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Werner, Stephanie C. "The global martian volcanic evolutionary history." Icarus 201, no. 1 (May 2009): 44–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2008.12.019.

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Mulyaningsih, Sri. "Cultural and geological heritage in time elapsed during historical Kingdoms in Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia." Berita Sedimentologi 47, no. 3 (December 28, 2021): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.51835/bsed.2021.47.3.359.

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Yogyakarta, Indonesia is known for its kingdom government system for all its living history; since 8-10th century Mataram Hindu-Buddhist temples to the present Muslim Ngayogyokarto Hadiningrat. Those stretch of history resulted in many artefacts and chronicles. A cultural imaginary line that linking Merapi Volcano in the north and the Indian Ocean in the south through the Yogyakarta Palace in the middle has a sacral geo-cultural heritage, explaining a prosperity gentle volcanic town, a beautiful scheme of the open panoramic features with several temples standing on the plain and mountainous landscapes in between the rest of earthquakes and the volcanic eruptions. Many temples were partly buried under volcanic materials, and some others show evidence of being shaken several times by earthquakes. Boulders of volcanic materials varying in size and shapes are present in the plain of Yogyakarta, near Cangkiringan, Ngemplak and Ngaglik. Landslides exposed many geological features, such as faults, rock formation and stratigraphy, and some unstable slopes. Cultural and geological heritages at Yogyakarta Region were created over the time.

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Mortensen, J. K. "U–Pb geochronology of the eastern Abitibi Subprovince. Part 2: Noranda – Kirkland Lake area." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 30, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e93-003.

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U–Pb zircon ages for 15 volcanic and plutonic units in the Noranda and Kirkland Lake areas help constrain the history of volcanism, plutonism, sedimentation, and deformation in the south-central part of the Abitibi belt. Volcanism occurred over an interval of at least 50 Ma, beginning with the deposition of the volcanic and volcaniclastic units within the Pacaud Structural Complex at 2747 Ma. Following a period of apparent quiescence, magmatism resumed at 2730–2725 Ma with the eruption of volcanic rocks in the Normétal and Lac Abitibi area. From 2715 until about 2698 Ma, volcanism occurred sporadically throughout much of the area, culminating in the eruption of the Blake River Group from 2703 to 2698 Ma. Several large intrusive bodies yield ages that indicate that they are plutonic equivalents of the Blake River Group. Plutons that are considered to have been emplaced during the Kenoran orogeny give ages that are only slightly younger than the youngest volcanic units of the Blake River Group, emphasizing the very rapid onset of Kenoran deformation following the cessation of volcanic activity.The Cléricy syenite, dated at 2682 ± 3 Ma, postdates the main period of Kenoran deformation in this area and intrudes sedimentary rocks of the Kewagama Group which contain detrital zircons as young as 2687 Ma. These data suggest that the Kewagama Group is the same age as late sedimentary sequences such as the Timiskaming Group and may have been deposited in a similar tectonic setting.

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Grunder, Anita L., Erik W. Klemetti, Todd C. Feeley, and Claire M. McKee. "Eleven million years of arc volcanism at the Aucanquilcha Volcanic Cluster, northern Chilean Andes: implications for the life span and emplacement of plutons." Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences 97, no. 4 (December 2006): 415–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263593300001541.

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ABSTRACTThe arid climate of the Altiplano has preserved a volcanic history of ∼11 million years at the Aucanquilcha Volcanic Cluster (AVC), northern Chile, which is built on thick continental crust. The AVC has a systematic temporal, spatial, compositional and mineralogical development shared by other long-lived volcanic complexes, indicating a common pattern in continental magmatism with implications for the development of underlying plutonic complexes, that in turn create batholiths.The AVC is a ∼700-km2, Tertiary to Recent cluster of at least 19 volcanoes that have erupted andesite and dacite lavas (∼55 to 68 wt.% SiO2) and a small ash-flow tuff, totalling 327 ± 20 km3. Forty 40Ar/39Ar ages for the AVC range from 10·97 ± 0·35 to 0·24 ± 0·05 Ma and define three major 1·5 to 3 million-year pulses of volcanism followed by the present pulse expressed as Volcán Aucanquilcha. The first stage of activity (∼11–8 Ma, Alconcha Group) produced seven volcanoes and the 2-km3 Ujina ignimbrite and is a crudely bimodal suite of pyroxene andesite and dacite. After a possible two million year hiatus, the second stage of volcanism (∼6–4 Ma, Gordo Group) produced at least five volcanoes ranging from pyroxene andesite to dacite. The third stage (∼4–2 Ma, Polan Group) represents a voluminous pulse of activity, with eruption of at least another five volcanoes, broadly distributed in the centre of the AVC, and composed dominantly of biotite amphibole dacite; andesites at this stage occur as magmatic inclusions. The most recent activity (1 Ma to recent) is in the centre of the AVC at Volcán Aucanquilcha, a potentially active composite volcano made of biotite-amphibole dacite with andesite and dacite magmatic inclusions.These successive eruptive groups describe (1) a spatial pattern of volcanism from peripheral to central, (2) a corresponding change from compositionally diverse andesite-dacite volcanism to compositionally increasingly restricted and increasingly silicic dacite, (3) a change from early anhydrous mafic silicate assemblages (pyroxene dominant) to later biotite amphibole dacite, (4) an abrupt increase in eruption rate; and (5) the onset of pervasive hydrothermal alteration.The evolutionary succession of the 327-km3 AVC is similar to other long-lived intermediate volcanic complexes of very different volumes, e.g., eastern Nevada (thousands of km3, Gans et al. 1989; Grunder 1995), Yanacocha, Perú (tens of km3, Longo 2005), and the San Juan Volcanic System (tens of thousands of km3, Lipman 2007) and finds an analogue in the 10-m. y. history and incremental growth of the Cretaceous Tuolumne Intrusive Suite (Coleman et al. 2004; Glazner et al. 2004). The present authors interpret the AVC to reflect episodic sampling of the protracted and fitful development of an integrated and silicic middle to upper crustal magma reservoir over a period of at least 11 million years.

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Doucet, P., W. Mueller, and F. Chartrand. "Archean, deep-marine, volcanic eruptive products associated with the Coniagas massive sulfide deposit, Quebec, Canada." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 31, no. 10 (October 1, 1994): 1569–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e94-139.

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The mafic-dominated volcanic and related volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks, which host the Archean Coniagas Zn–Pb–Ag massive sulfide deposit, are inferred to be the result of submarine explosive and effusive eruptions at depths of approximately 1000 m, as suggested by the presence of volcaniclastic turbidites, the absence of wave-induced sedimentary structures, pillowed lava flows, the sulfide deposit itself, and the incipient arc setting. The rock assemblage includes massive, pillowed and brecciated, basaltic to andesitic flows, massive, andesitic to rhyodacitic lapilli tuffs, andesitic stratified lapilli tuffs, and bedded tuffs. Preserved fragments and delicate volcanic textures, such as angularity of clasts, chilled clast margins, and clast vesicularity, and sedimentary structures are consistent with a subaqueous hydroclastic origin for the volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks. Explosive degasification of magma and (or) lava, in conjunction with fragmentation due to the interaction of magma–water, or nonexplosive hydroclastic fragmentation can account for the observed characteristics in the volcaniclastic deposits.The 280 m thick Coniagas volcano-sedimentary succession, used to reconstruct the volcanic history of the deposit, records two explosive–effusive volcanic cycles. The initial stage of each cycle is envisaged to have commenced with a small fire fountain or boiling-over eruption. Transport and deposition of the fragmented debris along the flanks of the volcanic edifice is attributed to high-concentration particulate gravity flows. The massive lapilli tuffs are interpreted as laminar debris flows, whereas the stratified lapilli tuffs may reflect turbulent flow deposits. The bedded tuffs were produced during the waning eruptive stages or elutriated from high-concentration syneruption flows. Ingestion of water, causing hydroclastic fragmentation, occurred during the eruptive and (or) the transport process. Calm, effusive mafic volcanism, characterized by massive, pillowed and brecciated flows and reworked counterparts, terminates each volcanic cycle. The massive, felsic lapilli tuffs, which host the mineralization, are inferred to represent locally reworked hydroclastic products of explosive or nonexplosive origin. The Coniagas mine deposit may serve as a guide for future exploration of small Archean volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits with a restricted alteration halo.

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Kamata, Hiroki. "Volcanic and structural history of the Hohi volcanic zone, central Kyushu, Japan." Bulletin of Volcanology 51, no. 5 (July 1989): 315–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01056894.

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Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Alejandro, Jose L. Fernandez-Turiel, Francisco J. Perez-Torrado, Alex Hansen, Meritxell Aulinas, Juan C. Carracedo, Domingo Gimeno, Hervé Guillou, Raphaël Paris, and Martine Paterne. "The Holocene volcanic history of Gran Canaria island: implications for volcanic hazards." Journal of Quaternary Science 24, no. 7 (August 11, 2009): 697–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1294.

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Murriello, S., L. Pierucci, A. Spera, I. Dobrée, M. E. Apa, M. Nuñez Freire, and Carolina Salazar Marin. "Volcanes en Patagonia: construcción de un espacio de memoria, educación y prevención." Terrae Didatica 14, no. 4 (December 5, 2018): 405–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/td.v14i4.8654164.

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In spite volcanism and seismicity are foundational for Andean Patagonian geography, these events are hidden in the official history in Argentina and are absent in public policies. In consequence, it is necessary to recover the ways to perceive the environment from different social groups on regard to seismic and volcanic risk because knowing the risk perception of the vulnerable communities is useful for making public policies. With this purpose the authors have recovered experiences of volcanic and seismic events form the last decades and constructed a virtual space to keep social memories.

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Smellie, J. L., W. C. McIntosh, J. A. Gamble, and K. T. Panter. "Preliminary stratigraphy of volcanoes in the Executive Committee Range, central Marie Byrd Land." Antarctic Science 2, no. 4 (December 1990): 353–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102090000487.

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Marie Byrd Land is amongst the most inaccessible and least visited regions of Antarctica. It contains a large alkaline volcanic province, with 18 large central volcanoes and numerous small satellitic centres, ranging in age from late Oligocene (c. 28–30 Ma) to Recent (LeMasurier 1990). The volcanic rocks provide an outstanding record of the late Cenozoic glacial and volcanic history of Antarctica. The volcanism has been described within a region-wide model of hot-spot impingent at the base of the crust, widespread eruption of mafic plateau lavas and the sequential release of more evolved magmas from crustal chambers beneath central volcanoes situated along a series of reactivated, orthogonal basement fractures (LeMasurier & Rex 1989). Most of the volcanoes have been studied only on a reconnaissance level.

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Parkes, Matthew, Sarah Gatley, and Vincent Gallagher. "Old Volcanic Stories—Bringing Ancient Volcanoes to Life in Ireland’s Geological Heritage Sites." Geosciences 11, no. 2 (January 27, 2021): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11020052.

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Active or recently active volcanic areas present very visible and easy to understand phenomena for the broad population to appreciate as geological heritage. However, in a geologically stable country such as Ireland, with no volcanism evident for tens of millions of years and few clearly visible traces of volcanoes of a ‘school textbook’ nature, the significance of ancient volcanic remains is much harder to explain or to present to visitors to geological heritage sites. This paper explores the wide range of evidence of ancient volcanic activity within recognised geological heritage sites across Ireland, both in County Geological Sites and in the UNESCO Global Geoparks. Some of the stories that can be told using the available evidence are documented, including some of the current efforts to present Ireland’s volcanic geological heritage. The stories are told within the context of the geological and volcanic history of Ireland over the past 500 million years. As such, the promotion of geological heritage is at an early stage, and this contribution may provide inspiration or ideas for approaches to this problem for other countries or terrains with similar ancient volcanic rocks.

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DOTSENKO, Valeriy, and Ibragim KERIMOV. "ABOUT THE REASONS OF CLIMATE WARMING BASED ON STUDYING THE HISTORY OF QUATERNARY GLACIOSES OF THE CAUCASUS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE INTERDURCHIE TEREK AND THE ANDIAN KOISU)." Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories 12, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 461–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2020-12-3-461-471.

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The Greater Caucasus experienced repeated glaciation during the Quaternary (early, middle, upper Pleistocene, late Glacial, and late Holocene), which occurred under changing climatic conditions and differentiated tectonic movements. These glaciations, of course, are associated with changes in terrain, the formation of new deposits, transgressions and regressions of the Caspian Sea, changes in vegetation and soil types, so the problem of glaciation affects all earth Sciences to varying degrees. The study of Quaternary glaciation, especially Holocene glaciation, is currently relevant for understanding climate change. Against the background of significant climate fluctuations within the epochs of glaciation, there are smaller cooling phases that cause the temporary onset of glaciers. Short-term climate fluctuations are manifested in oscillations – minor fluctuations in the languages of glaciers. All this indicates that the climate undergoes significant changes in a short time, which are reflected in the morphosculpture of the terrain, the latest deposits and modern precipitation. Glaciation of the Greater Caucasus in the Prikazbeksky region reached its maximum in the middle Pleistocene,when glaciers went far into the Ossetian basin. All these traces have been preserved due to the lower capacity of the Chanty-Argun glacier and its fluvioglacial flow, which developed during the late Pleistocene epoch. Volcanic activity, especially active in the late Pliocene and continuing up to the present time, is associated with the late horn stage of development of the Caucasus. The formation of the Rukhs-Dzuar molass formation more than 2 km thick in the late Pleistocene in the Ossetian basin of the Tersky-Caspian flexure is associated with the activity of volcanoes in the Kazbek volcanic region. In the early Pleistocene, volcanic activity on the BC decreased significantly. The most intense outbreak of volcanism in the Kazbek and Elbrus volcanic regions occurred at the beginning of the late Pleistocene, which roughly coincided with the maximum phase of the late Pleistocene (Bezengian) glaciation. Then, in the second half of the late Pleistocene, volcanic activity was manifested on the mount Kazbek. The last outbreak of volcanic activity occurred in the Holocene no more than 2-3 thousand years ago. Fresh lavas are available on Elbrus, Kazbek, in the Terek valley near villages. Sioni and on the Kel volcanic plateau. Fumarolic activity still continues on Elbrus. Thus, in the Kazbek region, eruptions occurred from the late Pliocene to the late Holocene inclusive. Keywords: Pleistocene, Holocene, glaciation stages, nival-glacial processes, causes of glaciations, climate change, anthropogenic factors, natural factors, Earth degassing, magmatogenic degassing branch, seismotectonic degassing branch, greenhouse gases, newest geodynamics, volcanism, mud regimes, volcanism, methane hydrates, land degradation, water reclamation.

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Kobayashi, Tetsuo, and Toshihiko Tameike. "History of Eruptions and Volcanic Damage from Sakurajima Volcano, Southern Kyushu, Japan." Quaternary Research (Daiyonki-Kenkyu) 41, no. 4 (2002): 269–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4116/jaqua.41.269.

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Duggen, S., N. Olgun, P. Croot, L. Hoffmann, H. Dietze, and C. Teschner. "The role of airborne volcanic ash for the surface ocean biogeochemical iron-cycle: a review." Biogeosciences Discussions 6, no. 4 (July 1, 2009): 6441–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-6-6441-2009.

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Abstract. Iron is a key micronutrient for phytoplankton growth in the surface ocean. Yet the significance of volcanism for the marine biogeochemical iron-cycle is poorly constrained. Recent studies, however, suggest that offshore deposition of airborne ash from volcanic eruptions is a way to inject significant amounts of bio-available iron into the surface ocean. Volcanic ash may be transported up to several tens of kilometres high into the atmosphere during large-scale eruptions and fine ash may encircle the globe for years, thereby reaching even the remotest and most iron-starved oceanic areas. Scientific ocean drilling demonstrates that volcanic ash layers and dispersed ash particles are frequently found in marine sediments and that therefore volcanic ash deposition and iron-injection into the oceans took place throughout much of the Earth's history. The data from geochemical and biological experiments, natural evidence and satellite techniques now available suggest that volcanic ash is a so far underestimated source for iron in the surface ocean, possibly of similar importance as aeolian dust. Here we summarise the development of and the knowledge in this fairly young research field. The paper covers a wide range of chemical and biological issues and we make recommendations for future directions in these areas. The review paper may thus be helpful to improve our understanding of the role of volcanic ash for the marine biogeochemical iron-cycle, marine primary productivity and the ocean-atmosphere exchange of CO2 and other gases relevant for climate throughout the Earth's history.

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Duggen, S., N. Olgun, P. Croot, L. Hoffmann, H. Dietze, P. Delmelle, and C. Teschner. "The role of airborne volcanic ash for the surface ocean biogeochemical iron-cycle: a review." Biogeosciences 7, no. 3 (March 3, 2010): 827–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-827-2010.

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Abstract. Iron is a key micronutrient for phytoplankton growth in the surface ocean. Yet the significance of volcanism for the marine biogeochemical iron-cycle is poorly constrained. Recent studies, however, suggest that offshore deposition of airborne ash from volcanic eruptions is a way to inject significant amounts of bio-available iron into the surface ocean. Volcanic ash may be transported up to several tens of kilometers high into the atmosphere during large-scale eruptions and fine ash may stay aloft for days to weeks, thereby reaching even the remotest and most iron-starved oceanic regions. Scientific ocean drilling demonstrates that volcanic ash layers and dispersed ash particles are frequently found in marine sediments and that therefore volcanic ash deposition and iron-injection into the oceans took place throughout much of the Earth's history. Natural evidence and the data now available from geochemical and biological experiments and satellite techniques suggest that volcanic ash is a so far underestimated source for iron in the surface ocean, possibly of similar importance as aeolian dust. Here we summarise the development of and the knowledge in this fairly young research field. The paper covers a wide range of chemical and biological issues and we make recommendations for future directions in these areas. The review paper may thus be helpful to improve our understanding of the role of volcanic ash for the marine biogeochemical iron-cycle, marine primary productivity and the ocean-atmosphere exchange of CO2 and other gases relevant for climate in the Earth's history.

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Nardin, Raffaello, Alessandra Amore, Silvia Becagli, Laura Caiazzo, Massimo Frezzotti, Mirko Severi, Barbara Stenni, and Rita Traversi. "Volcanic Fluxes Over the Last Millennium as Recorded in the Gv7 Ice Core (Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica)." Geosciences 10, no. 1 (January 20, 2020): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10010038.

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Major explosive volcanic eruptions may significantly alter the global atmosphere for about 2–3 years. During that period, volcanic products (mainly H2SO4) with high residence time, stored in the stratosphere or, for shorter times, in the troposphere are gradually deposited onto polar ice caps. Antarctic snow may thus record acidic signals providing a history of past volcanic events. The high resolution sulphate concentration profile along a 197 m long ice core drilled at GV7 (Northern Victoria land) was obtained by Ion Chromatography on around 3500 discrete samples. The relatively high accumulation rate (241 ± 13 mm we yr −1) and the 5-cm sampling resolution allowed a preliminary counted age scale. The obtained stratigraphy covers roughly the last millennium and 24 major volcanic eruptions were identified, dated, and tentatively ascribed to a source volcano. The deposition flux of volcanic sulphate was calculated for each signature and the results were compared with data from other Antarctic ice cores at regional and continental scale. Our results show that the regional variability is of the same order of magnitude as the continental one.

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Mulyaningsih, Sri, Muchlis Muchlis, Nur W. A. A. T. Heriyadi, and Desi Kiswiranti. "Volcanism in The Pre-Semilir Formation at Giriloyo Region; Allegedly as Source of Kebo-Butak Formation in the Western Southern Mountains." Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology 4, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.25299/jgeet.2019.4.3.2262.

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Kebo-Butak Formation was known to be the oldest volcanic rocks limited in regional terms in the lower Baturagung Hills, Gedangsari area, Gunungkidul Regency. The main constituents of the Kebo-Butak Formation consist of intersection of volcanic-clastic rocks and calcareous sediments, locally also found basalt lava with pillow structures; which distinguished it from other volcanic rock formations in the Southern Mountains. This study aims to determine the relationship of volcanic rocks exposed in Giriloyo with the Kebo-Butak Formation in the Baturagung Hills; the chronostratigraphy and the history of volcanic activities that produced the volcanic rocks of Giriloyo. This research was approached by volcanic geological mapping using surface mapping suported by gravity anayses. From the bottom to the top of the frontier areas result volcaniclastic rocks consisting of black tuffs with several fragments of volcanic bombs with basalt composition intersecting with thin basaltic lava inserted by calcareous claystone having an age of N5-7 (Early Miocene); pyroxene-rich basalt volcanic sequence consists of thick layers of tuff with creamy-brown color intersecting with lava and breccia inserted by calcareous sandstone aged N7-8; dikes, lava and agglomerates with basaltic composition and lava and agglomerates with andesitic composition. Stratigraphically, the volcanic rocks exposed at Giriloyo correlated with the volcanic rocks exposed at Karangtalun (Wukirsari) were under the Semilir Formation, bordered with normal fault N210oE/77o, the hanging wall composed by light grey tuff of Semilir Formation. Gravity analyses found high anomalies below the Semilir Formation exposed at Karangtalun-Munthuk (east of study area) continued to below the Giriloyo area. The high anomalies were identified as the igneous/ignimbrite volcanic sequence. Descriptively and stratigraphically, the Giriloyo volcanic sequence are a part of Kebo-Butak Formation. The petrogenesis of the volcanic rocks will be discussed in further research to interpret magmatological properties, the evolving paleo-volcano, and the absolute age of the rocks.

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35

De Martino, Prospero, Mario Dolce, Giuseppe Brandi, Giovanni Scarpato, and Umberto Tammaro. "The Ground Deformation History of the Neapolitan Volcanic Area (Campi Flegrei Caldera, Somma–Vesuvius Volcano, and Ischia Island) from 20 Years of Continuous GPS Observations (2000–2019)." Remote Sensing 13, no. 14 (July 11, 2021): 2725. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13142725.

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The Neapolitan volcanic area includes three active and high-risk volcanoes: Campi Flegrei caldera, Somma–Vesuvius, and Ischia island. The Campi Flegrei volcanic area is a typical example of a resurgent caldera, characterized by intense uplift periods followed by subsidence phases (bradyseism). After about 21 years of subsidence following the 1982–1984 unrest, a new inflation period started in 2005 and, with increasing rates over time, is ongoing. The overall uplift from 2005 to December 2019 is about 65 cm. This paper provides the history of the recent Campi Flegrei caldera unrest and an overview of the ground deformation patterns of the Somma–Vesuvius and Ischia volcanoes from continuous GPS observations. In the 2000–2019 time span, the GPS time series allowed the continuous and accurate tracking of ground and seafloor deformation of the whole volcanic area. With the aim of improving the research on volcano dynamics and hazard assessment, the full dataset of the GPS time series from the Neapolitan volcanic area from January 2000 to December 2019 is presented and made available to the scientific community.

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Damaschke, Magret, Shane J. Cronin, Katherine A. Holt, Mark S. Bebbington, and Alan G. Hogg. "A 30,000 yr high-precision eruption history for the andesitic Mt. Taranaki, North Island, New Zealand." Quaternary Research 87, no. 1 (January 2017): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qua.2016.11.

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AbstractTephra layers from 11 sediment cores were examined from a series of closely spaced lake and peat sites, which form an arc around the andesitic stratovolcano Mt. Taranaki, North Island, New Zealand. A new high-resolution composite tephra-deposition record was built, encompassing at least 228 tephra-producing eruptions over the last 30 cal ka BP and providing a basis for understanding variations in magnitude and frequency of explosive volcanism at a typical andesitic volcano. Intersite correlation and geochemical fingerprinting of almost all tephra layers was achieved using electron microprobe–determined titanomagnetite phenocryst and volcanic glass shard compositions, in conjunction with precise age determination of the tephra layers based on continuous down-core radiocarbon dating. Compositional variation within these data allowed the overall eruption record to be divided into six individual tephra sequences. This geochemical/stratigraphic division provides a broad basis for widening correlation to incomplete tephra sequences, with confident correlations to specific, distal Taranaki-derived tephra layers found as far as 270 km from the volcano. Furthermore, this tephrostratigraphical record is one of the most continuous and detailed for an andesitic stratovolcano. It suggests two general patterns of magmatic evolution, characterized by intricate geochemical variations indicating a complex storage and plumbing system beneath the volcano.

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37

Geyer, A. "Chapter 1.4 Antarctic volcanism: active volcanism overview." Geological Society, London, Memoirs 55, no. 1 (2021): 55–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/m55-2020-12.

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AbstractIn the last two centuries, demographic expansion and extensive urbanization of volcanic areas have increased the exposure of our society to volcanic hazards. Antarctica is no exception. During the last decades, the permanent settlement and seasonal presence of scientists, technicians, tourists and logistical personnel close to active volcanoes in the south polar region have increased notably. This has led to an escalation in the number of people and the amount of infrastructure exposed to potential eruptions. This requires advancement of our knowledge of the volcanic and magmatic history of Antarctic active volcanoes, significant improvement of the monitoring networks, and development of long-term hazard assessments and vulnerability analyses to carry out the required mitigation actions, and to elaborate on the most appropriate response plans to reduce loss of life and infrastructure during a future volcanic crisis. This chapter provides a brief summary of the active volcanic systems in Antarctica, highlighting their main volcanological features, which monitoring systems are deployed (if any), and recent (i.e. Holocene and/or historical) eruptive activity or unrest episodes. To conclude, some notes about the volcanic hazard assessments carried out so far on south polar volcanoes are also included, along with recommendations for specific actions and ongoing research on active Antarctic volcanism.

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38

O'Neill, Sean. "The largest volcanic eruption in Earth's history." New Scientist 227, no. 3030 (July 2015): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(15)30790-9.

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Richardson, Jacob A., Jacob E. Bleacher, and Lori S. Glaze. "The volcanic history of Syria Planum, Mars." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 252 (February 2013): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.11.007.

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Kargel, Jeffrey S., and Stefania Pozio. "The Volcanic and Tectonic History of Enceladus." Icarus 119, no. 2 (February 1996): 385–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/icar.1996.0026.

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41

Muraoka, Hirofumi. "Comment on "Geology and volcanic history of Kita-Hakkoda volcanic group, Northeast Japan"." Journal of the Geological Society of Japan 111, no. 1 (2005): 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5575/geosoc.111.56.

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WANG, TaiMao, JianNan ZHAO, and Qian HUANG. "The Gardner volcanic complex on the Moon: Geological characteristics and its volcanic history." SCIENTIA SINICA Physica, Mechanica & Astronomica 49, no. 4 (January 8, 2019): 049601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/sspma2018-00275.

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ZANON, VITTORIO. "Geology and volcanology of San Venanzo volcanic field (Umbria, Central Italy)." Geological Magazine 142, no. 6 (November 2005): 683–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756805001470.

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The purpose of this paper is to integrate, or even modify where necessary, the geo-volcanological setting outlined by other authors on the history of the small volcanic field of San Venanzo (Umbria, Central Italy). To attain this goal, new accurate field investigations were carried out in that area, coupled with detailed stratigraphic studies and laboratory analyses, to support field evidence with experimental results. The first objective was to stress the importance of a groundwater reservoir whose interaction with magma at various degrees was responsible not only for the explosive character of volcanism in that area, but also for the complex morphology of the volcanic deposits that are widely scattered on the underlying sedimentary basement. Another objective was to clarify the role played by tectonic activity in enhancing the fast and discontinuous ascent of batches of magma from the mantle to the surface, through two different sets of faults, opened by tectonic unrest into the crust, that were also responsible for the morphology and spatial distribution of volcanic centres. This was considered to be very important in consideration of the still-active stress field of the region. Finally, special attention was focused on the presence of a palaeosol between two eruptive sequences, as it most likely denoted a split in the volcanic activity of this site into two separate phases. This observation leads to the conclusion that, in spite of its eruptive characteristics, the small volcano of San Venanzo is not monogenic. For all of these topics, a number of conclusions have been drawn and they are reported with more data in the following sections of this paper.

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Gao, F., S. Stanič, K. Bergant, T. Bolte, F. Coren, T. Y. He, A. Hrabar, et al. "Monitoring presence and streaming patterns of Icelandic volcanic ash during its arrival to Slovenia." Biogeosciences 8, no. 8 (August 29, 2011): 2351–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-2351-2011.

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Abstract. The eruption of the Eyjafjallajökull volcano starting on 14 April 2010 resulted in the spreading of volcanic ash over most parts of Europe. In Slovenia, the presence of volcanic ash was monitored using ground-based in-situ measurements, lidar-based remote sensing and airborne in-situ measurements. Volcanic origin of the detected aerosols was confirmed by subsequent spectral and chemical analysis of the collected samples. The initial arrival of volcanic ash to Slovenia was first detected through the analysis of precipitation, which occurred on 17 April 2010 at 01:00 UTC and confirmed by satellite-based remote sensing. At this time, the presence of low clouds and occasional precipitation prevented ash monitoring using lidar-based remote sensing. The second arrival of volcanic ash on 20 April 2010 was detected by both lidar-based remote sensing and airborne in-situ measurements, revealing two or more elevated atmospheric aerosol layers. The ash was not seen in satellite images due to lower concentrations. The identification of aerosol samples from ground-based and airborne in-situ measurements based on energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed that a fraction of particles were volcanic ash from the Eyjafjallajökull eruption. To explain the history of the air masses bringing volcanic ash to Slovenia, we analyzed airflow trajectories using ECMWF and HYSPLIT models.

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Nishiki, Kuniaki, Kou Takahashi, Akikazu Matsumoto, and Yasuyuki Miyake. "Quaternary volcanism and tectonic history of the Suwa–Yatsugatake Volcanic Province, Central Japan." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 203, no. 3-4 (June 2011): 158–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2011.04.005.

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Becerra-Ramírez, Rafael, Javier Dóniz-Páez, and Elena González. "Morphometric Analysis of Scoria Cones to Define the ‘Volcano-Type’ of the Campo de Calatrava Volcanic Region (Central Spain)." Land 11, no. 6 (June 15, 2022): 917. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11060917.

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The Campo de Calatrava Volcanic Region is the largest volcanic field in the Iberian Peninsula and presents a complex volcanic history, with more than 360 monogenetic basaltic volcanoes developed in effusive, Strombolian, and hydromagmatic eruptions. The large number of scoria cones, compared to the other existing types of volcanic morphologies, indicates that these landforms represent the most common eruptive events that occurred during Calatrava’s geological past. In this work, a morphometric analysis of the scoria cones was carried out, based on statistical analysis of the main morphological parameters of these volcanoes (height, cone width, crater width, crater depth, slope, area, etc.). The results were used to identify the most frequent scoria cone by means of statistical analysis of its main morphological features. To do this, a methodology based on statistical correlations of the morphological and morphometric parameters that best define the morphology of these volcanoes was applied. The number of cones and their distribution correspond to platform volcanic fields. The most frequent identified monogenetic volcano corresponds to a scoria cone developed in Strombolian dynamics with lava flows, with mean dimensions of 36.54 m height, 0.008113 km3 volume and an area of 0.454 km2.

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Niles, Paul B., William V. Boynton, John H. Hoffman, Douglas W. Ming, and Dave Hamara. "Stable Isotope Measurements of Martian Atmospheric CO2 at the Phoenix Landing Site." Science 329, no. 5997 (September 9, 2010): 1334–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1192863.

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Carbon dioxide is a primary component of the martian atmosphere and reacts readily with water and silicate rocks. Thus, the stable isotopic composition of CO2 can reveal much about the history of volatiles on the planet. The Mars Phoenix spacecraft measurements of carbon isotopes [referenced to the Vienna Pee Dee belemnite (VPDB)] [δ13CVPDB = –2.5 ± 4.3 per mil (‰)] and oxygen isotopes [referenced to the Vienna standard mean ocean water (VSMOW)] (δ18OVSMOW = 31.0 ± 5.7‰), reported here, indicate that CO2 is heavily influenced by modern volcanic degassing and equilibration with liquid water. When combined with data from the martian meteorites, a general model can be constructed that constrains the history of water, volcanism, atmospheric evolution, and weathering on Mars. This suggests that low-temperature water-rock interaction has been dominant throughout martian history, carbonate formation is active and ongoing, and recent volcanic degassing has played a substantial role in the composition of the modern atmosphere.

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Oikawa, Teruki. "Geology, volcanic history and eruptive style of the Yakedake Volcano Group, Central Japan." Journal of the Geological Society of Japan 108, no. 10 (2002): 615–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5575/geosoc.108.10_615.

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Rose, William I., and Adam J. Durant. "El Chichón volcano, April 4, 1982: volcanic cloud history and fine ash fallout." Natural Hazards 51, no. 2 (September 16, 2008): 363–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-008-9283-x.

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Rothery, David A., Rebecca J. Thomas, and Laura Kerber. "Prolonged eruptive history of a compound volcano on Mercury: Volcanic and tectonic implications." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 385 (January 2014): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.023.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Volcanic history'

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