Academic literature on the topic 'Volcano'

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Journal articles on the topic "Volcano"

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Iguchi, Masato. "Special Issue on Integrated Study on Mitigation of Multimodal Disasters Caused by Ejection of Volcanic Products." Journal of Disaster Research 11, no. 1 (2016): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2016.p0003.

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Volcanic eruptions induce often widely dispersed, multimodal flows such as volcanic ash, pyroclastics, layers, and lava. Lahars triggered by heavy rain may extend far beyond ash deposits. Indonesia, which has 127 volcanoes along its archipelago, is at high risk for such disasters. The 2010 Merapi volcano eruption, for example, generated pyroclastic flows up to 17 km from the summit along the Gendol River, killing over 300 residents. The February 13, 2014, eruption of the Kelud volcano produced a gigantic ash plume over 17 km high, dispersing tehpra widely over Java Island. Ash falls and disper
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Hu, Yiwei, Boxi Li, and Yue Yin. "The Causes of Volcanic Eruptions and How They Affect Our Environment." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 26 (December 30, 2022): 391–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v26i.4013.

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Volcanic eruptions often have an impact on the environment. In the context of the environmental problem of global warming, a large amount of carbon dioxide released by volcanic eruptions will aggravate the greenhouse effect, which has aroused widespread concern. This article first explains the volcano's cone-shaped structure with several craters, cones, and vents. Although each volcano is unique, most volcanoes can be separated into three major types, the first type is a cinder cone, the second type is a composite volcano, and the third type is a shield volcano. Furthermore, this article inter
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Garcia, Sebastian, and Gabriela Badi. "Towards the development of the first permanent volcano observatory in Argentina." Volcanica 4, S1 (2021): 21–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.30909/vol.04.s1.2148.

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Argentina is a country that presents a complex situation regarding volcanic risk, where a total of 38 volcanoes are considered active. Although Argentina has no major cities close to these volcanoes, the continuous increase in economic activity and infrastructure near the Andean Codillera will increase exposure to volcano hazards in the future. Further, volcanic activity on the border between Argentina and Chile poses a unique challenge in relation to volcano monitoring and the management of volcanic emergencies. Additionally, due to atmospheric circulation patterns in the region (from West to
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Poulidis, Alexandros P., Ian A. Renfrew, and Adrian J. Matthews. "Thermally Induced Convective Circulation and Precipitation over an Isolated Volcano." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 73, no. 4 (2016): 1667–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-14-0327.1.

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Abstract Intense rainfall over active volcanoes is known to trigger dangerous volcanic hazards, from remobilizing loose volcanic surface material into lahars or mudflows to initiating explosive activity including pyroclastic flows at certain dome-forming volcanoes. However, the effect of the heated volcanic surface on the atmospheric circulation, including any feedback with precipitation, is unknown. This is investigated here, using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. The recent activity at the Soufrière Hills Volcano (SHV), Montserrat, is a well-documented case of such rainfall–
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Yin, Yefei. "Impact and Inspiration of Tonga volcanic Eruption in 2022." E3S Web of Conferences 424 (2023): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202342403003.

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People have been puzzled by the problem of volcanic eruptions since ancient times. Because volcanic eruptions are difficult to predict accurately, if people can't take some precautions in advance, sometimes volcanic eruptions will cause great injuries and deaths and hazards. In this context, this review selects the Tonga Volcano as the research object, summarizes the hazards during the eruption of the volcano and the symptom before the eruption, in order to get inspiration for predicting volcanic eruptions. This paper firstly introduces that Tonga volcano is located on the Tonga-Kermadec volca
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Seniukov, S. L., and I. N. Nuzhdina. "SEISMICITY of the VOLCANIC AREAS of KAMCHATKA in 2018–2019." Earthquakes in Northern Eurasia, no. 26 (December 14, 2023): 354–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.35540/1818-6254.2023.26.31.

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The results of near real-time monitoring of the active Kamchatka volcanoes are described. Continuous monitoring was carried out using three remote methods: 1) seismic monitoring according to automatic telemetric seismic stations; 2) visual and video observation; 3) satellite observation of the thermal anomalies and the ash clouds. Daily information about volcanic activity is published in the Internet (http://www.emsd.ru/ ~ssl/monitoring/main.htm) since February 2000. The results of seismic activity of the Northern (Shiveluch, Kluchevskoy, Bezymianny, Krestovsky and Ushkovsky), Avacha (Avachins
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Khlystov, О. М., and А. V. Khabuev. ""NOVOSIBIRSK" MUD VOLCANO AND EVIDENCE OF ITS ACTIVATIONS (LAKE BAIKAL)." Geodynamics & Tectonophysics 15, no. 1 (2024): 0739. http://dx.doi.org/10.5800/gt-2024-15-1-0739.

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An integrated study of mud volcanoes in the World Ocean is important for making assessment of potential geological-ecological disasters caused by rapid large-volume gas discharge into the water column and mud volcano eruptions at the bottom. The study of mud-volcanic activity in the past and determination of its periodicity are pioneering for the Baikal. The mud volcanoes and other hydrate-bearing structures are largely concentrated in the Middle Baikal basin along the tectonic faults. The most representative example of these phenomena is the "Gydratny" fault, four of six structures along whic
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Seniukov, S. L., and I. N. Nuzhdina. "SEISMICITY of the VOLCANIC AREAS of KAMCHATKA in 2020." Earthquakes in Northern Eurasia, no. 27 (December 17, 2024): 347–63. https://doi.org/10.35540/1818-6254.2024.27.31.

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The results of near real-time monitoring of the active Kamchatka volcanoes are described. Con tinuous monitoring was carried out using three remote methods: 1) seismic monitoring according to automatic telemetric seismic stations; 2) visual and video observation; 3) satellite observation of the thermal anomalies and the ash clouds. Daily information about volcanic activity is published in the Internet (http://www.emsd.ru/ ~ssl/monitoring/main.htm) since February 2000. The results of analysis of seismic activity of the Northern (Shive luch, Kluchevskoy, Bezymianny, Plosky Tolbachik, Krestovsky
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Rüdiger, Julian, Jan-Lukas Tirpitz, J. Maarten de Moor, et al. "Implementation of electrochemical, optical and denuder-based sensors and sampling techniques on UAV for volcanic gas measurements: examples from Masaya, Turrialba and Stromboli volcanoes." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 11, no. 4 (2018): 2441–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-2441-2018.

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Abstract. Volcanoes are a natural source of several reactive gases (e.g., sulfur and halogen containing species) and nonreactive gases (e.g., carbon dioxide) to the atmosphere. The relative abundance of carbon and sulfur in volcanic gas as well as the total sulfur dioxide emission rate from a volcanic vent are established parameters in current volcano-monitoring strategies, and they oftentimes allow insights into subsurface processes. However, chemical reactions involving halogens are thought to have local to regional impact on the atmospheric chemistry around passively degassing volcanoes. In
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Nakamichi, Haruhisa, Masato Iguchi, Hetty Triastuty, et al. "A Newly Installed Seismic and Geodetic Observational System at Five Indonesian Volcanoes as Part of the SATREPS Project." Journal of Disaster Research 14, no. 1 (2019): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2019.p0006.

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“Integrated Study on Mitigation of Multimodal Disasters Caused by Ejection of Volcanic Products” Project was launched in March 2014 for the Galunggung, Guntur, Kelud, Merapi, and Semeru volcanoes. The objectives of the project include the development of an observational system for the prediction and real-time estimations of the discharge rate of volcanic products. Under the project, a team from the Sakurajima Volcano Research Center, Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation (CVGHM) and the Balai Penyelidikan dan Pengembangan Teknologi Kebencanaan Geologi (BPPTKG) initiated the i
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Volcano"

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Burrell, Rhian. "Volcanic instability and associated uncertainties at Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat and other volcanoes." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435873.

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Bell, Andrew Forbes. "Patterns of volcano-tectonic seismicity at basaltic volcanoes." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444163/.

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Accelerating rates of volcano-tectonic (VT) earthquakes are a common precursor to volcanic eruptions and reflect fracture growth within the edifice. Theoretical models interpret the patterns in terms of failure of the volcanic edifice under the magmatic load and promise improved eruption forecasting. However, many eruptions at frequently active basaltic volcanoes are reported to begin with little change in the rate of VT earthquakes, apparently in conflict with edifice failure models. This thesis investigates the spatial and temporal patterns of VT earthquakes associated with eruptive and intr
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Wetie, Ngongang Ariane. "Seismic and Volcanic Hazard Analysis for Mount Cameroon Volcano." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/60871.

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Mount Cameroon is considered the only active volcano along a 1600 km long chain of volcanic complexes called the Cameroon Volcanic Line (CVL). It has erupted seven times during the last 100 years, the most recent was in May 2000. The approximately 500,000 inhabitants that live and work around the fertile flanks are exposed to impending threats from volcanic eruptions and earthquakes. In this thesis, a hazard assessment study that involves both statistical modelling of seismic hazard parameters and the evaluation of a future volcanic risk was undertaken on Mount Cameroon. The Gutenberg-Richter
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Armanno, Venero. "The volcano." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1998.

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The problems associated with marketing in China have been raised in several studies in the last 10 years. However, these prior studies focused on the four elements of marketing mix for China and not on strategic marketing for the market in China, nor did they emphasise the implications of culture and marketing systems in China for developing strategic marketing plans. This thesis has focused on building a general framework that could help Western firms, particularly Hong Kong-based, to develop strategic marketing plans that deal with Chinese cultures and marketing systems in China. Therefor
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Saito, Takeshi. "Magnetic petrology of Yufu volcano and Unzen volcano, Japan." Kyoto University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/147704.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)<br>0048<br>新制・課程博士<br>博士(人間・環境学)<br>甲第10945号<br>人博第232号<br>15||187(吉田南総合図書館)<br>新制||人||58(附属図書館)<br>UT51-2004-G792<br>京都大学大学院人間・環境学研究科環境相関研究専攻<br>(主査)教授 鎌田 浩毅, 助教授 石川 尚人, 助教授 酒井 敏<br>学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Smith, Cassandra M. "Volcanic Electrification: A Multiparametric Case Study of Sakurajima Volcano, Japan." Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7950.

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Electrical activity at volcanoes has been recently recognized as a potential new remote sensing technique for plume-forming eruptions. Volcanic electrical activity takes place in the conduit and plume and therefore has the benefit of being a direct indicator of surface activity. This is unlike seismic signals, which indicate magma/gas movement underground, and infrasound signals, which indicate a surface explosion but not necessarily the formation of an ash plume. There are two distinct types of volcanic electrical discharges: volcanic lightning and continual radio frequency (CRF) impulses. T
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Longobardi, Mariantonietta <1983&gt. "Locating the source of volcanic tremor at stromboli volcano, italy." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5181/1/Tesi.pdf.

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We have developed a method for locating sources of volcanic tremor and applied it to a dataset recorded on Stromboli volcano before and after the onset of the February 27th 2007 effusive eruption. Volcanic tremor has attracted considerable attention by seismologists because of its potential value as a tool for forecasting eruptions and for better understanding the physical processes that occur inside active volcanoes. Commonly used methods to locate volcanic tremor sources are: 1) array techniques, 2) semblance based methods, 3) calculation of wave field amplitude. We have choosen the third ap
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Longobardi, Mariantonietta <1983&gt. "Locating the source of volcanic tremor at stromboli volcano, italy." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5181/.

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We have developed a method for locating sources of volcanic tremor and applied it to a dataset recorded on Stromboli volcano before and after the onset of the February 27th 2007 effusive eruption. Volcanic tremor has attracted considerable attention by seismologists because of its potential value as a tool for forecasting eruptions and for better understanding the physical processes that occur inside active volcanoes. Commonly used methods to locate volcanic tremor sources are: 1) array techniques, 2) semblance based methods, 3) calculation of wave field amplitude. We have choosen the third ap
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Fournier, Nicolas. "Shallow volcanic processes at persistently active volcanoes : evidence from a multidisciplinary study at Poás volcano, Costa Rica." Thesis, Open University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.411251.

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Letham-Brake, Mark. "Geological constraints on fluid flow at Whakaari volcano (White Island)." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of Geological Sciences, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8728.

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This study assesses the geological constraints on fluid flow within the main crater of Whakaari volcano (White Island) which is located in the Bay of Plenty, New Zealand. A review of the volcanological and morphological history, field mapping, and permeability experiments were used to propose a model for single-state (gas or liquid water) fluid flow in the volcano. Three structural scales were of most importance: (a) the elongate main crater (1.2 km by 0.5 km); which contains (b) three subcraters (~300-500 m in diameter); and (c) >14 historic eruption craters and crater complexes (30-300 m in
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Books on the topic "Volcano"

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Knapp, Brian J. Volcano. Steck-Vaughn Library, 1990.

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Bender, Lionel. Volcano. F. Watts, 1988.

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Krafft, Maurice. Volcano! Young Discovery Library, 1993.

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Knapp, Brian. Volcano. Atlantic Europe Publishing Co., 1992.

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Martin, Fred. Volcano. Heinemann Library, 1995.

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ill, Anglicas Louise, ed. Volcano! Rourke Educational Media, 2013.

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WEEKES, YVONNE MARY SELINA. Volcano. Peepal Tree Press, 2006.

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Peter, Dennis. Volcano. Barron's, 2001.

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Ganeri, Anita. Volcano! Arcturus Pub., 2006.

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Magloff, Lisa. Volcano. Dorling Kindersley, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Volcano"

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Thurber, Clifford, and Stephanie Prejean. "Volcanoes volcano , Observations volcano observations and Impact volcano impact." In Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology. Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_731.

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Varley, Nick. "Volcanoes volcano of Mexico volcano of Mexico." In Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology. Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_477.

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Hargitai, Henrik, and Edgardo Cañón-Tapia. "Volcano." In Encyclopedia of Planetary Landforms. Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9213-9_453-1.

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Arndt, Nicholas. "Volcano." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11274-4_1671.

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Arndt, Nicholas. "Volcano." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44185-5_1671.

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Puri, Shalini. "Volcano." In The Grenada Revolution in the Caribbean Present. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137066909_7.

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Arndt, Nicholas. "Volcano." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_1671-4.

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Hargitai, Henrik, and Edgardo Cañón-Tapia. "Volcano." In Encyclopedia of Planetary Landforms. Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3134-3_453.

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Nadeau, Olivier, Hanik Humaida, and Patrick Allard. "Merapi Volcano: From Volcanic Gases to Magma Degassing." In Merapi Volcano. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15040-1_11.

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Dzurisin, Daniel. "The modern volcanologist’s tool kit." In Volcano Deformation. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-49302-0_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Volcano"

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Scollo, Simona, Luigi Mereu, Michele Prestifilippo, and Francesco Romeo. "Characterization of Volcanic Plumes by Remote Sensing Sensors: An Example from Etna Volcano." In IGARSS 2024 - 2024 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss53475.2024.10642244.

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Kumar, Ajay, Isha Dev, Priyanka, and Gulab Singh. "Volcanic Deformation Assessment Using SBAS-Insar and PS-Insar: Kīlauea Volcano Case Study." In 2024 IEEE India Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (InGARSS). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/ingarss61818.2024.10984271.

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Apel, Ted, and Jeffrey B. Johnson. "Portable Realtime Volcano Infrasound Auditory Display Devices." In ICAD 2021: The 26th International Conference on Auditory Display. International Community for Auditory Display, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21785/icad2021.012.

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Active open-vent volcanoes produce intense infrasound airwaves, and volcanoes with prominent craters can create strongly resonant signals, which are inaudible to humans, and often peak around 1 Hz. Study of volcano infrasound is used to model eruption dynamics, the structure of volcanic craters, and can be used as a component of volcano monitoring infrastructure. We have developed a portable on-site real-time sonification device that emits an audible sound in response to an infrasonic airwave. This device can be used near an active volcano both as a real-time educational aid and as an accessib
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Jatu, C. "The Grobogan Mud Volcano Complex: An Identification to Reveal the Opportunity of Hydrocarbon Exploration." In Digital Technical Conference. Indonesian Petroleum Association, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29118/ipa20-sg-362.

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Mud volcanoes in Grobogan are referred as the Grobogan Mud Volcanoes Complex in Central Java where there is evidence of oil seepages. This comprehensive research is to determine the characteristics and hydrocarbon potential of the mud volcanoes in the Central Java region as a new opportunity for hydrocarbon exploration. The Grobogan Mud Volcano Complex consists of eight mud volcanoes that have its characteristics based on the study used the geological surface data and seismic literature as supporting data on eight mud volcanoes. The determination of geological surface characteristics is based
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Christian, Sheila, Júlio Alves, André Ferreira, Dinarte Jesus, Rúben Freitas, and Nelson Vieira. "Volcano salvation." In CHI '14: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. ACM, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2559206.2580103.

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Calles Ortiz, Johana Paola. "Gestión del Riesgo de Desastres en la Planificación territorial: Amenazas naturales caso Latacunga-Ecuador." In Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Universidad Piloto de Colombia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.9900.

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In recent years, we have witnessed the devastating consequences that emergencies and disasters leave in Latin America and the world. In Ecuador, one of the registered cases is the eruption of the Tungurahua volcano, with its strong episode in 2006; that left fatalities, destroyed infrastructure and severe social, environmental and economic impacts. Like this one, there is a great probability of occurrence of similar events, so it is considered; carry out the risk analysis, given the “possible eruption of the Cotopaxi volcano”, which was reactivated in 2015 and compromises populated centers. Li
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Weibring, P., T. Lindström, H. Edner, et al. "Assessment of the total emission of sulphur dioxide from Italian volcanoes in simultaneous shipborne measurements using lidar, doas and correlation spectroscopy." In The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1998.cmi4.

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Volcanoes contribute substantial amounts of sulphur dioxide to the global atmosphere, and thus reliable measurements are needed for an accurate assessment of the relative roles of natural and antropogenic emissions. Normally, gas correlation measurements based on COSPEC instruments are performed, observing in ground-based traverses the spectral imprint of the gas in the spectrum of the down-welling ambient radiation. However, because of complicated scattering conditions above, within and below the volcanic plume, data are complex. The differential optical absorption spectroscopy (doas) techniq
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Jin, Zhengkun, and Xuanyu Xu. "Volcano Identification and Volcanic Activity Monitoring by Remote Sensing." In 2022 International Conference on Applied Physics and Computing (ICAPC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icapc57304.2022.00058.

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Hort, Matthias, and Klemen Zaksek. "Managing volcanic unrest: The mobile volcano fast response system." In 2008 Second Workshop on Use of Remote Sensing Techniques for Monitoring Volcanoes and Seismogenic Areas (USEReST). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/userest.2008.4740358.

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Jäger, H. "Pinatubo Cloud Over Garmisch-Partenkirchen." In Optical Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere. Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/orsa.1991.otue18.

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The explosive eruptions of the Philippine volcano Pinatubo in mid-June 1991 caused the first major perturbation of the stratosphere since the eruption of the Mexican volcano El Chichón in April 1982. Early groundbased, satelliteborne and in situ observations of the Pinatubo eruption cloud were collected by McClelland et al., 1991. Satellite images from July and August did not show a significant transport of volcanic debris to mid-latitudes, the major part of the cloud was reported to be confined in an equatorial band 15°S to 25°N with the densest part in the 20 to 25 km height range and furthe
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Reports on the topic "Volcano"

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Goff, Fraser, Shari A. Kelley, Cathy J. Goff, et al. Geologic Map of Mount Taylor Volcano Area, New Mexico. New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.58799/gm-80.

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The Geologic Map of the Mount Taylor Volcano Area, New Mexico is a 1:36,000 compilation of six recent NMBGMR 1:24,000 geologic quadrangles that encompass this extinct composite stratovolcano. Mount Taylor is New Mexico's second-largest volcano after the Valles Caldera in the Jemez Mountains. This timely map and accompanying report, resulting from over a decade of thorough work, synthesizes the current geologic understanding of such an important landscape feature of the state.For such a complex volcanic landform, the report provides an exhaustive description of the volcano area in an easy-to-re
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Wilson, A. M., and M. C. Kelman. Assessing the relative threats from Canadian volcanoes. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328950.

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This report presents an analysis of the threat posed by active volcanoes in Canada and outlines directives to bring Canadian volcano monitoring and research into alignment with global best practices. We analyse 28 Canadian volcanoes in terms of their relative threat to people, aviation and infrastructure. The methodology we apply to assess volcanic threat was developed by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) as part of the 2005 National Volcano Early Warning System (NVEWS). Each volcano is scored on a number of hazard and exposure factors, producing an overall threat score. The overall t
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Wilson, A. M., and M. C. Kelman. Assessing the relative threats from Canadian volcanoes. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328950.

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This report presents an analysis of the threat posed by active volcanoes in Canada and outlines directives to bring Canadian volcano monitoring and research into alignment with global best practices. We analyse 28 Canadian volcanoes in terms of their relative threat to people, aviation and infrastructure. The methodology we apply to assess volcanic threat was developed by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) as part of the 2005 National Volcano Early Warning System (NVEWS). Each volcano is scored on a number of hazard and exposure factors, producing an overall threat score. The overall t
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Beget, J. E., C. J. Nye, J. R. Schaefer, and P. L. Stelling. Preliminary volcano-hazard assessment for Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/2872.

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Beget, J. E., C. J. Nye, and K. W. Bean. Preliminary volcano-hazard assessment for Makushin Volcano, Alaska. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/2679.

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Zhang, Ling. Tears of Volcano. Iowa State University. Library, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa.8385.

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Wallace, K. L., C. F. Waythomas, and A. M. Nastan. Mount Spurr Volcano. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 2025. https://doi.org/10.14509/31518.

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Stelling, P. L., J. E. Beget, J. E. Gardner, and J. R. Schaefer. Preliminary volcano-hazard assessment for Fisher volcano, Unimak Island, Alaska. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/29146.

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Beget, J. E., J. F. Larsen, C. A. Neal, C. J. Nye, and J. R. Schaefer. Preliminary volcano-hazard assessment for Okmok Volcano, Umnak Island, Alaska. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/7042.

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Schaefer, J. R. G., J. M. Perreault, J. F. Larsen, and J. W. Vallance. Makushin volcano ash hazards. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/30411.

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