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Journal articles on the topic 'Voltage Optimization'
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1
Lawrence, R. "Voltage optimization." IEEE Industry Applications Magazine 12, no. 5 (2006): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mia.2006.1678384.
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Komrska, Tomáš, and Tomáš Glasberger. "Pulse Width Modulation of Three Phase Inverters Based on Linear Programming." TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 8, no. 3 (2020): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/tee.2019.3.044.
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Traditional three-phase voltage-source inverters supplied by constant dc-link voltage usually utilize the space vector PWM to achieve maximum output voltage. This paper deals with optimization of inverter leg voltages using linear programming method. System definition is based on the relationship between the known voltage vector, which is demanded by an upper control loop and the unknown leg voltages which enter the carrier-based PWM block as modulation signals. A slack variable is introduced to the system as minimization objective, defining border for all leg voltages. Optimization procedure minimizes leg voltage maxima, and thus, the maximum utilization of the dc-link voltage is ensured. The theoretical assumptions have been verified by simulations as well as by experiments on laboratory prototype.
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Di Fazio, Anna, Mario Russo, and Michele De Santis. "Zoning Evaluation for Voltage Optimization in Distribution Networks with Distributed Energy Resources." Energies 12, no. 3 (2019): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12030390.
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This paper deals with the problem of the voltage profile optimization in a distribution system including distributed energy resources. Adopting a centralized approach, the voltage optimization is a non-linear programming problem with large number of variables requiring a continuous remote monitoring and data transmission from/to loads and distributed energy resources. In this study, a recently-proposed Jacobian-based linear method is used to model the steady-state operation of the distribution network and to divide the network into voltage control zones so as to reformulate the centralized optimization as a quadratic programming of reduced dimension. New clustering methods for the voltage control zone definition are proposed to consider the dependence of the nodal voltages on both active and reactive powers. Zoning methodologies are firstly tested on a 24-nodes low voltage network and, then, applied to the voltage optimization problem with the aim of analyzing the impact of the R/X ratios on the zone evaluation and on the voltage optimization solution.
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Syahrul Ashikin Azmi. "Impact of Under Voltage Load Shedding Approach for Voltage Security Control in Power Quality Environment." Journal of Electrical Systems 20, no. 7s (2024): 321–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/jes.3324.
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Contingencies in power system are an ever-present problem for electrical engineers. They may cause the system to have low voltages due to active and reactive power deficiencies. Engineers shold consider the many solutions to approach this problem. The solution has to be appropriate to the contingency faced so as to be able to solve the issue without major damage to a power system. A drastic measure that can be used is by removing low voltage loads or ‘shedding’ the problematic loads. This method of Under Voltage Load Shedding is done by shedding or ‘islanding’ buses that have fallen to a predetermined minimum voltage for a predetermined time to prevent a cascade of blackouts in the widespread power system. The method to automate the process is by using two optimization techniques, Evolutionary Programming (EP) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). This paper proposes a new hybrid algorithm, named Integrated Chaotic Swarm Based-Evolutionary Programming Optimization (ICSBEP) Technique for Voltage Security Control using Under Voltage Load Shedding (UVLS) approach. Voltage security is indicated by the reduction in voltage stability index, FVSI. In this study, EP, PSO and ICSBEP optimizations algorithms were developed and tested on a IEEE 30-bus reliability test system (RTS). Comparative studies were conducted to observe the advantages of the hybrid algorithm over traditional EP and PSO algorithms. The results obtained from the study can help manage the power quality of the system in ensuring that the customer receive secure electricity supply.
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Saeed, Wafaa, and Layth Tawfeeq. "Voltage Collapse Optimization for the Iraqi Extra High Voltage 400 kV Grid based on Particle Swarm Optimization." Iraqi Journal for Electrical and Electronic Engineering 13, no. 1 (2017): 17–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.37917/ijeee.13.1.3.
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The continuously ever-growing demand for the electrical power causing the continuous expansion and complexity of power systems, environmental and economic factors forcing the system to work near the critical limits of stability, so research's stability have become research areas worthy of attention in the resent day. The present work includes two phases: The first one is to determine the Voltage Stability Index for the more insensitive load bus to the voltage collapse in an interconnected power system using fast analyzed method based on separate voltage and current for PQ buses from these of PV buses, while the second phase is to suggested a simulated optimization technique for optimal voltage stability profile all around the power system. The optimization technique is used to adjust the control variables elements: Generator voltage magnitude, active power of PV buses, VAR of shunt capacitor banks and the position of transformers tap with satisfied the limit of the state variables (load voltages, generator reactive power and the active power of the slack bus). These control variables are main effect on the voltage stability profile to reach the peak prospect voltage stable loading with acceptable voltage profile. An optimized voltage collapse based on Particle Swarm Optimization has been tested on both of the IEEE 6 bus system and the Iraqi Extra High Voltage 400 kV Grid 28 bus. To ensure the effectiveness of the optimization technique a comparison between the stability indexes for load buses before and after technical application are presented. Simulation results have been executed using Matlab software.
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Sosnina, Elena, Aleksey Kralin, Anatoly Asabin, and Evgeny Kryukov. "Medium-Voltage Distribution Network Parameter Optimization Using a Thyristor Voltage Regulator." Energies 15, no. 15 (2022): 5756. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15155756.
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The article is devoted to the study of steady-state conditions of a distribution network containing a thyristor voltage regulator. The thyristor voltage regulator (TVR) is a new controlled semiconductor device developed at Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev (NNSTU). The TVR allows the optimization of the parameters of 6–20 kV distribution networks (currents and voltages) by voltage regulation. An analytical calculation of electromagnetic processes of a distribution network with the TVR has been carried out. The verification of the obtained results has been made using a computer simulation. The dependences of the current and power on additional voltage introduced by the TVR under different voltage regulation modes have been obtained. It has been shown that the use of the TVR enables optimal flow distribution to be ensured over the power transmission lines in proportion to their transfer capability when changing load power and its power factor.
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Bradford, Jolene A., Matthew Shallice, Ramiro Diz, et al. "Multicolor Immunophenotyping using Flow Cytometry: Evaluation of Multiple Methods for Instrument Optimization." Journal of Immunology 200, no. 1_Supplement (2018): 120.37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.200.supp.120.37.
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Abstract A basic tool of the Immunologist, multicolor flow cytometry is a technology that uses multiple fluorescent markers to identify and characterize populations of cells. To obtain high quality fluorescent flow cytometry data, a well-optimized instrument is required. The most common type of detector is the photo-multiplier tube (PMT), which amplifies signal from emitted light photons by applying a voltage to the PMT. As the voltage is increased the fluorescent signal is increasingly separated from background, providing greater resolution of the positive signal. However, at a certain voltage, the increasing separation of fluorescent signal from background will plateau and the separation of fluorescent signal from background will remain constant. This is called the minimum voltage required; an ideal minimal voltage will amplify dim signal above background, but is not so high that the fluorescent signal exceeds the upper range of PMT linearity. In most cases, adjusting voltages above the minimal voltage does not increase the separation, while voltages below the minimal voltage requirement compromise detection of dim fluorescent signal. A variety of methods have been proposed to optimize the PMT voltage, most using a technique called the voltage walk, or voltration. This study compares a variety of techniques and calculations, using different types of hard-dyed beads that are detected in all channels but do not include specific fluorophores used for typical experimentation; both cells and antibody-capture beads labeled with fluorophores specific to a detector; Electronic Noise (EN) of the PMT, and methods combining these approaches. For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.
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Deng, Hongyuan, Yudong Jia, Yongqiang Zhu, and Ruihua Xia. "Probabilistic Voltage Optimization Considering Load Static Voltage Characteristics." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2731, no. 1 (2024): 012034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2731/1/012034.
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Abstract In the conventional power flow calculation, the load is mostly treated as a constant power node. When the voltage deviation occurs, the static voltage characteristics of the load will change, resulting in the change of the power flow calculation. This situation is more likely to occur in the distribution network with distributed power supply. Therefore, it is very important to consider the static voltage response characteristics of the load in the power flow calculation. In the existing literature, when evaluating and optimizing voltage stability, deterministic indicators are usually used to evaluate the voltage level of the system. In the active distribution network with uncertain new energy output, this method has its limitations. Based on the above analysis, this paper uses the power flow calculation method considering the static voltage characteristics of the load to solve the node voltage distribution of the distribution network system. Considering the uncertainty of new energy output and load, the semi-invariant method is used to analyze the probabilistic power flow. An evaluation index considering the digital characteristics of voltage deviation distribution is proposed. The voltage optimization model is established according to the proposed index, and the genetic algorithm is used to solve the problem. The IEEE33 node standard example is simulated to verify the correctness and feasibility of the proposed method.
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Rafi, Saied, and Manra Vikas. "INTERCONNECT OPTIMIZATION FOR RELIABILITY AND SCALABILITY." Advances in Interconnect Technologies: An International Journal (AITIJ) 1, no. 1 (2022): 7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7108241.
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As process nodes continue to shrink to improve transistor density and performance, it is causing an increase in resistance of interconnects. At higher voltages devices speed up even more, causing interconnect to become the frequency limiter. Relatively in every node the interconnect delays continue to increase. In High Speed designs timing optimization is done across several modes to coverage design for multiple PVT points. With growing demand for Internet of Things (IoT) and autonomous driving, the need for high speed designs to be reliable and dependable at extreme conditions of high voltage and temperature continues to increase. Due to this the path profile across multiple PVT have changed with special focus on high voltage due to interconnect dominance. While most tools are capable of multi corner optimization, the increase in number of modes has challenges and more enhancements are needed to address interconnect. One such area is Interconnect scaling with repeater optimization at Section and Full chip levels. While previous papers have looked at several techniques to improve timing and slope for a given corner [1], [2], [3], this paper describes a formula to design the repeater solution to optimize delay scaling across different corners such as High Voltage and Typical Voltage to maximize performance.
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Maria, Bartalesi, Brambilla, Pistoni, and Orrea. "Optical Voltage Transducer for Embedded Medium Voltage Equipment: Design and Parameters Optimization." Proceedings 15, no. 1 (2019): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019015017.
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An Optical Voltage Sensor prototype has been developed suitable for operating as embedded sensor in capacitive dividers for monitoring Medium Voltage in distribution networks. It is based on a retracing scheme, which consists of Lithium Tantalate crystals used as voltage transducers, and on telecom standard single mode fibre components. In this work a optimization of the optical layout via a numerical and an experimental investigation is reported for guaranteeing the OVS sensor survival under fast over-voltages. Tests carried out under different configurations of the electric circuit did not evidenced critical electric field gradients within the transduction path which could damage or deteriorate over time the performance of the OVS sensor.
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Wang, Chuanjie. "Design and Optimization of High-Voltage MOSFETs." Transactions on Computer Science and Intelligent Systems Research 7 (November 25, 2024): 36–43. https://doi.org/10.62051/aq7s4z57.
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Silicon carbide (SiC) power devices have gained significant attention due to their broad applications in high voltage, high frequency, and high temperature environments. Traditional silicon (Si) power devices, although well-established, face performance limitations that SiC devices can overcome. High-voltage 4H-SiC MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) devices are essential for the advancement of power electronics, and this work focuses on their design and optimization. First, a brief summary of the state of research on high-voltage 4H-SiC MOSFET devices is given, highlighting advancements and ongoing efforts in this field. Finally, the study delves into the design optimization of 4H-SiC MOSFET devices at high voltages, describing the vital design parameters and innovative techniques such as multi-zone modulation field limiting ring technology. The findings from this research provide valuable insights and practical guidance to improve SiC MOSFET devices' reliability and effectiveness, building upon the discussed design parameters and innovative techniques. This study significantly contributes to the manufacturing and utilization of electrical devices, promoting more efficient and reliable power conversion solutions in various high-demand sectors.
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Cristea, M., and F. Babarada. "Optimization techniques for p-GTO thyristor design." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1216, no. 1 (2022): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1216/1/012013.
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Abstract A new type of semiconductor power device was devised in the early ’90s as an alternative to the classic Gate Turn-Off (GTO) thyristor. Because the low-doped n-base was replaced by a low-doped p-base, it was called the p-GTO. Its main advantage is a higher possible control voltage when the device is switched off, leading to the possibility of a higher blocking anode current (IATO) and a lower turn-off time. The studies and techniques employed with the help of SILVACO-TCAD simulation software Athena and Atlas show that the p-GTO has higher breakdown voltages compared with its classic counterpart and similar on-state voltage (VT) and switching characteristics when replacing the GTO in the same circuit. Specific circuit improvements, like an affordable higher turn-off gate voltage, will drive the p-GTO into even faster switching operation.
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Volodymyr, Brzhezitsky, Trotsenko Yevgeniy, and Haran Yaroslav. "OPTIMIZATION OF AMPLITUDE-FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTIC OF BROADBAND VOLTAGE DIVIDER INTENDED FOR MEASUREMENT OF POWER QUALITY PARAMETERS." TECHNOLOGY AUDIT AND PRODUCTION RESERVES 3, no. 1(53) (2020): 35–39. https://doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2020.205132.
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<em>The object of research is the circuit diagram of a broadband capacitive-resistive voltage divider with a series-parallel connection of its resistive and capacitive components. For many years, the use of voltage dividers was limited to measuring various voltages in high-voltage laboratories. However, voltage dividers, compared to voltage transformers, are characterized by a wider bandwidth, therefore they began to be considered as one of the main means of measuring voltages in high-voltage electric networks. One of the catalysts for the implementation of this solution may be the intensive development of the Smart Grid concept, which requires new, more advanced means of monitoring the quality of electric power. Therefore, experimental and theoretical studies aimed at reducing the error of broadband voltage dividers are important.</em> <em>The task of optimally adjusting the low voltage arm of the voltage divider is solved by using linear programming elements to study the systematic error function.</em> <em>This article presents the results of the study of adjusting the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the voltage divider, which are aimed at reducing its error. For this purpose, a parameter for optimizing the capacitance value of low-voltage arm at which the absolute value of the positive and negative maximum of the systematic error of the capacitive-resistive voltage divider will be the same was found. The calculations are performed for different values of the division ratio of the voltage divider. The resulting data sets are generalized in the form of three-dimensional graphs.</em> <em>The work contributes to the further development of the theory of high-voltage voltage dividers. As a result of the studies, the possibility of optimizing the amplitude-frequency characteristics of a broadband capacitive-resistive voltage divider by varying the capacitance value of its low-voltage arm is shown. The studies are relevant due to the fact that this category of high-voltage scale transducers has the potential to become mandatory for determining the quality of electric energy </em><em>directly in high-voltage networks</em><em>.</em>
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Chechare, R., Christian Rümpler, A. Mujawar, and K. Bednarski. "Model-based Optimization of the Switching Performance of a Switch Disconnector." PLASMA PHYSICS AND TECHNOLOGY 10, no. 1 (2023): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ppt.2023.1.40.
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Low voltage switch disconnectors (SD) combine rated load switching with disconnector functionality, providing safe electrical isolation. Electrical contacts are separated forming an arc discharge that needs to be quenched at first current zero (CZ) to protect the load and the SD itself. With increased line voltage, interruption at first CZ crossing is getting more difficult due to increased transient recovery voltage (TRV) and larger post arc current, leading to excessive contact erosion with longer arcing time. Arc simulation methodology was utilized to improve the design for better arc cooling close to CZ. Therefore, benchmark values of arc resistance and thermal time constant were evaluated close to CZ for a successful test at lower line voltage. The cooling efficiency of different designs at higher line voltage was analyzed by 3D arc simulation. A revised design was able to clear overload currents at lower and higher line voltages at first CZ, preventing excessive contact damage.
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Mei, Zhiting, Jingyang Fang, and Stefan Goetz. "Control and Optimization of Lattice Converters." Electronics 11, no. 4 (2022): 594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11040594.
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Multilevel converters continue their upward trend in renewable generation, electric vehicles, and power quality conditioning applications. Despite having satisfactory voltage capabilities, mainstream multilevel converters suffer from poor current sharing performances, thereby leading to the development of lattice converters, i.e., a strong and versatile type of future multilevel power converters. This article addresses two problems faced by lattice converters. First, we propose and detail how to optimize the efficiency of a given lattice converter by controlling the on/off states of H-bridge submodules. Second, we introduce the method that determines the voltage at each node of the converter in order to satisfy output voltage and current requirements. Design and analysis of lattice converters need a different mathematical toolbox than routinely exercised in power electronics. By use of graph theory, this article provides control methods of 3 × 3 and 4 × 4 lattice converters, satisfying various control objectives such as input/output terminals and output voltages. We further validate the methods with simulation results. The methodologies, algorithms, and special cases described in the article will aid further design and refinement of more efficient and easy-to-control lattice converters.
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Li, Cheng Xi, Wen Jun Yan, and Qiang Yang. "Power Factor Optimization of Distributed Generations in Distribution Networks Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Method." Advanced Materials Research 516-517 (May 2012): 1408–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.516-517.1408.
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The gradually extensive penetration of small-scale distributed renewable generators in existing medium-voltage power distribution networks highlights many technical challenges which call for urgent solutions from power utilities. This paper attempts to optimize the power factor of distributed generators (DGs) integrated in distribution networks and presents a novel algorithmic solution. With the aim of minimizing power loss whilst maintaining the node voltage, the problem is formulated with a mathematical model elaborating the DGs and a set of constraints in distribution networks and addressed through adopting an extended particle swarm optimization (PSO) approach. The suggested algorithm is assessed through numerical simulation experiments with the IEEE 33-bus system and the outcome shows that the optimization algorithm can effectively reduce the power loss and promote the node voltages across the overall distribution network.
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Nakadomari, Akito, Ryuto Shigenobu, Takeyoshi Kato, et al. "Unbalanced Voltage Compensation with Optimal Voltage Controlled Regulators and Load Ratio Control Transformer." Energies 14, no. 11 (2021): 2997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14112997.
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Penetration of equipment such as photovoltaic power generations (PV), heat pump water heaters (HP), and electric vehicles (EV) introduces voltage unbalance issues in distribution systems. Controlling PV and energy storage system (ESS) outputs or coordinated EV charging are investigated for voltage unbalance compensation. However, some issues exist, such as dependency on installed capacity and fairness among consumers. Therefore, the ideal way to mitigate unbalanced voltages is to use grid-side equipment mainly. This paper proposes a voltage unbalance compensation based on optimal tap operation scheduling of three-phase individual controlled step voltage regulators (3ϕSVR) and load ratio control transformer (LRT). In the formulation of the optimization problem, multiple voltage unbalance metrics are comprehensively included. In addition, voltage deviations, network losses, and coordinated tap operations, which are typical issues in distribution systems, are considered. In order to investigate the mutual influence among voltage unbalance and other typical issues, various optimization problems are formulated, and then they are compared by numerical simulations. The results show that the proper operation of 3ϕSVRs and LRT effectively mitigates voltage unbalance. Furthermore, the results also show that voltage unbalances and other typical issues can be improved simultaneously with appropriate formulations.
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Liu, Zhipeng, Andrew Clark, Phillip Lee, Linda Bushnell, Daniel Kirschen, and Radha Poovendran. "Submodular Optimization for Voltage Control." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 33, no. 1 (2018): 502–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2017.2691320.
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Bakhshideh Zad, Bashir, Jean-François Toubeau, and François Vallée. "Chance-Constrained Based Voltage Control Framework to Deal with Model Uncertainties in MV Distribution Systems." Energies 14, no. 16 (2021): 5161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14165161.
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In this paper, a chance-constrained (CC) framework is developed to manage the voltage control problem of medium-voltage (MV) distribution systems subject to model uncertainty. Such epistemic uncertainties are inherent in distribution system analyses given that an exact model of the network components is not available. In this context, relying on the simplified deterministic models can lead to insufficient control decisions. The CC-based voltage control framework is proposed to tackle this issue while being able to control the desired protection level against model uncertainties. The voltage control task disregarding the model uncertainties is firstly formulated as a linear optimization problem. Then, model uncertainty impacts on the above linear optimization problem are evaluated. This analysis defines that the voltage control problem subject to model uncertainties should be modelled with a joint CC formulation. The latter is accordingly relaxed to individual CC optimizations using the proposed methods. The performance of proposed CC voltage control methods is finally tested in comparison with that of the robust optimization. Simulation results confirm the accuracy of confidence level expected from the proposed CC voltage control formulations. The proposed technique allows the system operators to tune the confidence level parameter such that a tradeoff between operation costs and conservatism level is attained.
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Chizobam Chikeziri Ihenacho, Campbell Onyeka Akujobi, Henry Uzoma Anuforo, and Chioma Blessing Nwaneri. "Boosting voltage generation in dual-chambers microbial fuel cells through multi-parametric optimization of effects of selected factors using Box Behnken design." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 16, no. 2 (2023): 038–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2023.16.2.0302.
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Low electricity output of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) has continued to limit their large-scale applications, as bioenergy sources. Thus effects of surface area of anode (0.005 to 0.015 m2), surface area of cathode (0.005 to 0.015 m2) and volume of substrate in anode chamber (750 to 1500 ml), on MFCs voltage output, were optimized. Replicated Box Behnken Design (Minitab) gave 30 runs. After 25 days operation, average voltage generated by MFCs ranged from 7.76±0.28 mV to 34.32±3.2 mV, across 10 kΩ. Response Optimizer (Minitab) indicated 0.011 m2 as optimal surface area of anode, 0.015 m2 for cathode and 1500 mL for volume of substrate in anode chamber, with estimated maximum voltage of 41.83 mV, when used. This gives 1:1.3:136,363 ratio for surface area of anode, surface area of cathode and volume of substrate in anode, which could be useful in scaling up the device. On application of these optima, highest and lowest average voltages of 54.5±3.2 mV and 20.1±2.7 mV were generated. This maximum voltage was 30.3% higher than the estimate by Response Optimizer, and 58.8% higher than the highest average voltage recorded without optimization. Again, the lowest average voltage (20.13±2.7 mV) obtained after optimization was 159.4% higher than the lowest voltage (7.76±0.28 mV) recorded without optimization. BOD of piggery wastewater, used as substrate, reduced by 18.9%, while COD declined by 31.4%. Diverse Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial isolates were identified in the wastewater. Therefore, Box Behnken design is useful optimization of factors, to boost the output of MFCs.
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Li, Xingmin, Hongwei Li, Shuaibing Li, Ziwei Jiang, and Xiping Ma. "Review on Reactive Power and Voltage Optimization of Active Distribution Network with Renewable Distributed Generation and Time-Varying Loads." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (November 23, 2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1196369.
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With a high proportion of renewable distributed generation and time-varying load connected to the distribution network, great challenges have appeared in the reactive power optimization control of the active distribution networks. This paper first introduces the characteristics of active distribution networks, the mechanism and research status of wind power, photovoltaic, and other renewable distributed generators, and time-varying loads participating in reactive power and voltage optimization. Then, the paper summarizes the methods of reactive power optimization and voltage regulation of active distribution network, including multi-timescale voltage optimization, coordinated optimization of network reconfiguration and reactive power optimization, coordinated optimization of active and reactive power optimization based on model predictive control, hierarchical and zoning control of reactive power, and voltage and power electronic switch voltage regulation. The pros and cons of the reactive power optimization algorithms mentioned above are summarized. Finally, combined with the development trend of the energy Internet, the future directions of reactive power and voltage control technology in the active distribution network are discussed.
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V, Bharathi, Chandrasekhar Reddy Atla, and M.R.Shivakumar. "Power System Voltage Collapse Mitigation Employing Optimization Based Dynamic Voltage Stability Analysis." U.Porto Journal of Engineering 9, no. 3 (2023): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24840/2183-6493_009-003_001645.
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Maintaining voltage stability is an important factor in modern power system study and operation. Supplementing the system with reactive power (VAr) support devices such as FACTS helps to overcome voltage instability issues. Commonly, dynamic optimization based method is employed to study the dynamic Voltage Stability Analysis (VSA) of the system. The existing dynamic optimization approach has dependencies on the availability of specific tools and the FACTS model to perform dynamic VSA. Besides, the application of the existing method for the voltage collapse phenomenon is not addressed in detail. It is desirable to have a generic dynamic VSA approach that does not have dependencies on specific tools and the FACTS model. This paper proposes a new generic approach to carry-out dynamic VSA with any given DAE tool. A method of emulating the FACTS device’s behaviour for dynamic VAr injection is introduced using an incremental optimization approach. A generic interface is newly developed as a Modifiable Off The Shelf (MOTS) component to couple the DAE solver and optimization solver. The existing approach is enhanced into a generic dynamic optimization framework by integrating incremental optimization technique and the generic interface. Voltage collapse phenomenon on IEEE-9 bus system is investigated employing the enhanced framework. Post contingency behaviour of the system illustrates the successful mitigation of voltage collapse issues. Obtained results show the effectiveness of the new generic approach in performing dynamic VSA.
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G.Sujatha and Padmavathi .S Venkata. "Enhancement of Power Quality in Distribution System on Dual p-q Theory Based Energy Optimization using Dynamic Voltage Restorer." Recent Trends in Control and Converter 5, no. 3 (2022): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7478972.
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<em>Because of intricacy of force framework organization, voltage droop/expand turned into the significant power quality issue influencing the end shoppers and ventures; It frequently occurs and causes significant losses. Using a Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR), it addresses voltage-related power quality issues affecting critical loads. Direct power flow control can be used to generate instantaneous reference voltages to compensate for load voltages using a generalized control algorithm based on dual P-Q theory. Energy storage requirements are reduced as a result of the proposed algorithm's adaptation of energy optimized series voltage compensation. The proposed DVR control plan can uphold the heap from voltage related power quality issues independent of the heap current profile. The three-phase, three-leg split capacitor inverter injects series compensation voltage into the appropriate phases of the system via each leg.</em><em> By using MATLAB/Simulink, the simulation model has been designed</em><em>.</em>
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Hassan, A. S. Jameel, Umar Marikkar, G. W. Kasun Prabhath, et al. "A Sensitivity Matrix Approach Using Two-Stage Optimization for Voltage Regulation of LV Networks with High PV Penetration." Energies 14, no. 20 (2021): 6596. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14206596.
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The occurrence of voltage violations is a major deterrent for absorbing more rooftop solar power into smart Low-Voltage Distribution Grids (LVDGs). Recent studies have focused on decentralized control methods to solve this problem due to the high computational time in performing load flows in centralized control techniques. To address this issue, a novel sensitivity matrix was developed to estimate the voltages of the network by replacing load flow simulations. In this paper, a Centralized Active, Reactive Power Management System (CARPMS) is proposed to optimally utilize the reactive power capability of smart Photovoltaic (PV) inverters with minimal active power curtailment to mitigate the voltage violation problem. The developed sensitivity matrix is able to reduce the time consumed by 55.1% compared to load flow simulations, enabling near-real-time control optimization. Given the large solution space of power systems, a novel two-stage optimization is proposed, where the solution space is narrowed down by a Feasible Region Search (FRS) step, followed by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The failure of standalone PSO to converge to a feasible solution for 34% of the scenarios evaluated further validates the necessity of the two-stage optimization using FRS. The performance of the proposed methodology was analysed in comparison to the load flow method to demonstrate the accuracy and the capability of the optimization algorithm to mitigate voltage violations in near-real time. The deviations of the mean voltages of the proposed methodology from the load flow method were: 6.5×10−3 p.u for reactive power control using Q-injection, 1.02×10−2 p.u for reactive power control using Q-absorption, and 0 p.u for active power curtailment case.
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Hassan, A. S. Jameel, Umar Marikkar, G. W. Kasun Prabhath, et al. "A Sensitivity Matrix Approach Using Two-Stage Optimization for Voltage Regulation of LV Networks with High PV Penetration." Energies 14, no. 20 (2021): 6596. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14206596.
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The occurrence of voltage violations is a major deterrent for absorbing more rooftop solar power into smart Low-Voltage Distribution Grids (LVDGs). Recent studies have focused on decentralized control methods to solve this problem due to the high computational time in performing load flows in centralized control techniques. To address this issue, a novel sensitivity matrix was developed to estimate the voltages of the network by replacing load flow simulations. In this paper, a Centralized Active, Reactive Power Management System (CARPMS) is proposed to optimally utilize the reactive power capability of smart Photovoltaic (PV) inverters with minimal active power curtailment to mitigate the voltage violation problem. The developed sensitivity matrix is able to reduce the time consumed by 55.1% compared to load flow simulations, enabling near-real-time control optimization. Given the large solution space of power systems, a novel two-stage optimization is proposed, where the solution space is narrowed down by a Feasible Region Search (FRS) step, followed by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The failure of standalone PSO to converge to a feasible solution for 34% of the scenarios evaluated further validates the necessity of the two-stage optimization using FRS. The performance of the proposed methodology was analysed in comparison to the load flow method to demonstrate the accuracy and the capability of the optimization algorithm to mitigate voltage violations in near-real time. The deviations of the mean voltages of the proposed methodology from the load flow method were: 6.5×10−3 p.u for reactive power control using Q-injection, 1.02×10−2 p.u for reactive power control using Q-absorption, and 0 p.u for active power curtailment case.
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Hou, Yunhai, and Yu Wang. "Optimization of Capacitor Voltage Control Strategy for MMC Sub-module." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2166, no. 1 (2022): 012036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2166/1/012036.
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Abstract Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) is widely studied and used because of its own advantages such as high output level number, low switching frequency and good waveform quality. The voltage equalization problem of sub-module capacitors is one of the key research directions of MMC. In the paper, a sorting method of inter-group comparison in two groups, called OF sorting method, is proposed first. The maximum time complexity of this method of sorting is N-1, but the use of this method is limited. Therefore, a new MMC hybrid sorting voltage equalization algorithm is proposed on this basis. This paper proposes a capacitor voltage equalization control strategy based on the combination of improved equalization sorting algorithm and improved insertion sorting algorithm, which reduces the computational effort by monitoring the sub-module capacitance voltage in real time, setting the dispersion index between sub-module voltages, and then controlling the opening and holding of the sorting module to reduce the number of elements to be ranked one by one. Finally, the MMC model is built in Matlab/Simulink. The simulation results show that the improved equalization control strategy can effectively reduce the computational effort and reduce the switching frequency of sub-modules on the basis of better maintaining the capacitor voltage balance.
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Zhou, Yang, Sitao Zhang, and Chongyi Chen. "Optimization and improvement of voltage mode band-gap reference circuit and current mode band-gap reference circuit based on comparative analysis method." Theoretical and Natural Science 25, no. 1 (2023): 136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/25/20240946.
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Voltage mode band-gap reference source and current mode band-gap reference source is the basic unit of integrated circuit, which plays an important role in some circuit systems such as low-voltage linear regulator, power control chip and analog-to-digital/analog-to-digital converter. Band-gap reference circuit is divided into voltage mode band-gap reference circuit and current mode band-gap reference circuit, and their basic principles and optimization methods are different. The voltage mode bandgap reference voltage is generated by superimposing voltages with positive and negative temperature coefficients, thereby producing a low-temperature related factor. In contrast, the current mode bandgap reference generates a reference voltage by superimposing currents with positive and negative temperature coefficients, requiring appropriate resistance matching and compensation. This paper analyzes the basic principles of the above two band-gap reference circuits, analyzes the temperature characteristics and mismatch sources of them, compares the research results including the implementation mode, temperature characteristics, application range and optimization scheme of the two, and looks forward to the future development prospect of both types of circuits.
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Ai, Yu, Yunming Shi, Shaoyong Chen, Zehui Zhang, Shuai Zhao, and Jianqiang Liu. "High-Voltage Isolated Multiple Output Auxiliary Power Supply with Output Voltage Self-Regulation." Energies 15, no. 6 (2022): 2106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15062106.
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Power electronic transformers (PETs) have high voltage isolation requirements and a large number of modules, which requires the auxiliary power supply (APS) to achieve high voltage isolation and multiple outputs. This paper proposes a parameter optimization method for the current source APS applied to PETs, enabling the APS to have multiple output voltage self-regulation capabilities. By optimizing the excitation inductance and leakage inductance for the current transformer of the APS, the excitation current plays a regulating role in energy transmission, thus realizing the self-regulation of the output voltages. The proposed method enables the voltage deviation and voltage change of the output modules to be suppressed under the unbalanced loads and large load fluctuations. Moreover, the APS can still operate normally when a short-circuit or an open-circuit fault occurs on the output sides. Therefore, the stability and reliability of the APS are improved, and the design difficulty of the post-stage voltage regulator circuit is also reduced. Finally, the simulation results are given, and a prototype containing three output modules was built to verify the effectiveness of the proposed parameter optimization method.
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Telnov, A. A. "Research and optimization of starting modes of the voltage inverter." LETI Transactions on Electrical Engineering & Computer Science 15, no. 5/6 (2022): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/2071-8985-2022-15-5/6-91-97.
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The purpose of this work is to study the starting modes of operation of the voltage inverter, as well as to develop recommendations for the construction of protection systems. To achieve this goal, the design and simulation of the voltage inverter was carried out in the LTSpice circuit simulation environment, and the operation of the circuit was presented and analyzed, which ensures the optimal parameters of inrush currents and voltages. In the second half of the article, an experimental verification of the reliability of the results of computer modeling was carried out.
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Chizobam, Chikeziri Ihenacho, Onyeka Akujobi Campbell, Uzoma Anuforo Henry, and Blessing Nwaneri Chioma. "Boosting voltage generation in dual-chambers microbial fuel cells through multi-parametric optimization of effects of selected factors using Box Behnken design." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 16, no. 2 (2023): 038–49. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10612390.
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Low electricity output of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) has continued to limit their large-scale applications, as bioenergy sources. Thus effects of surface area of anode (0.005 to 0.015 m<sup>2</sup>), surface area of cathode (0.005 to 0.015 m<sup>2</sup>) and volume of substrate in anode chamber (750 to 1500 ml), on MFCs voltage output, were optimized. Replicated Box Behnken Design (Minitab) gave 30 runs. After 25 days operation, average voltage generated by MFCs ranged from 7.76±0.28 mV to 34.32±3.2 mV, across 10 kΩ. Response Optimizer (Minitab) indicated 0.011 m<sup>2</sup> as optimal surface area of anode, 0.015 m<sup>2</sup> for cathode and 1500 mL for volume of substrate in anode chamber, with estimated maximum voltage of 41.83 mV, when used. This gives 1:1.3:136,363 ratio for surface area of anode, surface area of cathode and volume of substrate in anode, which could be useful in scaling up the device. On application of these optima, highest and lowest average voltages of 54.5±3.2 mV and 20.1±2.7 mV were generated. This maximum voltage was 30.3% higher than the estimate by Response Optimizer, and 58.8% higher than the highest average voltage recorded without optimization. Again, the lowest average voltage (20.13±2.7 mV) obtained after optimization was 159.4% higher than the lowest voltage (7.76±0.28 mV) recorded without optimization. BOD of piggery wastewater, used as substrate, reduced by 18.9%, while COD declined by 31.4%. Diverse Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial isolates were identified in the wastewater. Therefore, Box Behnken design is useful optimization of factors, to boost the output of MFCs.
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Mumtahina, Umme, Sanath Alahakoon, and Peter Wolfs. "Optimal Allocation and Sizing of Battery Energy Storage System in Distribution Network Using Mountain Gazelle Optimization Algorithm." Energies 18, no. 2 (2025): 379. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18020379.
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This paper addresses the problem of finding the optimal position and sizing of battery energy storage (BES) devices using a two-stage optimization technique. The primary stage uses mixed integer linear programming (MILP) to find the optimal positions along with their sizes. In the secondary stage, a relatively new algorithm called mountain gazelle optimizer (MGO) is implemented to find the technical feasibility of the solution, such as voltage regulation, energy loss reduction, etc., provided by the primary stage. The main objective of the proposed bi-level optimization technique is to improve the voltage profile and minimize the power loss. During the daily operation of the distribution grid, the charging and discharging behaviour is controlled by minimizing the voltage at each bus. The energy storage dispatch curve along with the locations and sizes are given as inputs to MGO to improve the voltage profile and reduce the line loss. Simulations are carried out in the MATLAB programming environment using an Australian radial distribution feeder, with results showing a reduction in system losses by 8.473%, which outperforms Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), and Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) by 1.059%, 1.144%, and 1.056%, respectively. During the peak solar generation period, MGO manages to contain the voltages within the upper boundary, effectively reducing reverse power flow and enhancing voltage regulation. The voltage profile is also improved, with MGO achieving a 0.348% improvement in voltage during peak load periods, compared to improvements of 0.221%, 0.105%, and 0.253% by GWO, WOA, and CSA, respectively. Furthermore, MGO’s optimization achieves a reduction in the fitness value to 47.260 after 47 iterations, demonstrating faster and more consistent convergence compared to GWO (47.302 after 60 iterations), WOA (47.322 after 20 iterations), and CSA (47.352 after 79 iterations). This comparative analysis highlights the effectiveness of the proposed two-stage optimization approach in enhancing voltage stability, reducing power loss, and ensuring better performance over existing methods.
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Pérez Archila, Luis Miguel, Juan David Bastidas-Rodríguez, Rodrigo Correa, Luz Adriana Trejos Grisales, and Daniel Gonzalez-Montoya. "A Solution of Implicit Model of Series-Parallel Photovoltaic Arrays by Using Deterministic and Metaheuristic Global Optimization Algorithms." Energies 13, no. 4 (2020): 801. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13040801.
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The implicit model of photovoltaic (PV) arrays in series-parallel (SP) configuration does not require the LambertW function, since it uses the single-diode model, to represent each submodule, and the implicit current-voltage relationship to construct systems of nonlinear equations that describe the electrical behavior of a PV generator. However, the implicit model does not analyze different solution methods to reduce computation time. This paper formulates the solution of the implicit model of SP arrays as an optimization problem with restrictions for all the variables, i.e., submodules voltages, blocking diode voltage, and strings currents. Such an optimization problem is solved by using two deterministic (Trust-Region Dogleg and Levenberg Marquard) and two metaheuristics (Weighted Differential Evolution and Symbiotic Organism Search) optimization algorithms to reproduce the current–voltage (I–V) curves of small, medium, and large generators operating under homogeneous and non-homogeneous conditions. The performance of all optimization algorithms is evaluated with simulations and experiments. Simulation results indicate that both deterministic optimization algorithms correctly reproduce I–V curves in all the cases; nevertheless, the two metaheuristic optimization methods only reproduce the I–V curves for small generators, but not for medium and large generators. Finally, experimental results confirm the simulation results for small arrays and validate the reference model used in the simulations.
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Satyam, Parashar, and Pachori Arun. "Stress Control Optimization using Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) 9, no. 3 (2020): 570–73. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.B3497.029320.
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Confined field upgrade, particularly in the zone near the high voltage potential and ground potential will quicken the corruption and in this way causing pre-developed disappointment of the protecting material. Other than electrical field upgrade, mechanical stresses and natural impacts additionally influence the presentation of the high voltage overhead separators. Therefore, multi-feature approaches are required to improve the HV separators execution and unwavering quality over their administration life. In the subsequent segment, the current pressure control techniques that incorporate crown ring, consolidated protection get together and end-fitting plan are checked on.
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Khechekhouche, Ali, Guia Talal, and Benalia M’hamdi. "Optimizing breakdown voltage in rod-plane gaps with barrier design for positive DC voltage: an experimental study." Brazilian Journal of Technology 7, no. 4 (2024): e75931. https://doi.org/10.38152/bjtv7n4-033.
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Traditional air insulation in high-voltage equipment becomes bulky for high voltage withstand. The research so far conducted is related to electrode shape optimization, without fully exploiting the potential of strategically placed dielectric barriers. This paper introduces a new concept toward miniaturized high-voltage equipment by proposing glass barriers within rod-gap electrodes insulated with air and subjected to positive DC voltage. Barrier thickness and its positioning with regard to withstand characteristics are studied in order to optimize the design of such equipment. Three regimes of barrier thickness have been studied, and how that influences breakdown voltage and path type is presented. It was seen that with increasing barrier thickness, breakdown voltage improves more considerably. Interestingly, while the vertical position influences the breakdown path type, breakdown voltages remain similar for different paths at the same location. This paper, therefore, reveals that strategically placed glass barriers can enhance the dielectric strength of air-insulated systems. The present study leads to the optimization of the thickness and placement of barriers in future work by understanding the interplay with breakdown path to maximize the dielectric strength in miniaturized high-voltage equipment.
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Chitrakala, G., N. Stalin, and V. Mohan. "Normally Bypassed Cascaded Sources Multilevel Inverter with RGA Optimization for Reduced Output Distortion and Formulaic Passive Filter Design." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 29, no. 02 (2019): 2050019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021812662050019x.
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The distributed generation involving multiple photovoltaic sources and synthesizing high-quality ac voltage from those multiple dc sources are nascent research ambits. A host of multilevel inverters (MLIs) has been ascertained for performing above errand diligently, where the component count is obnoxious. The single phase seven-level inverter is an acquiescent compromise between the circuit complexity and the quality of the output. Further enhancement on the performance can be succored through optimizing dc link voltages and switching angles. This paper proposes a component count pruned MLI structure and also a refined genetic algorithm (RGA)-based optimization scheme for the computation of both dc link voltages and switching angles. Previous attempts for this problem have solved the switching angles with the objective of resulting minimum harmonic content in the staircase-shaped output voltage. The dc link voltage of each level is however assumed to be the same and constant. As an extension, RGA-based optimization of both dc link voltages and switching angles is triumphed. The harmonic profile of the proposed switching strategy is simulated and also corroborated by a hardware prototype. In practice, the proposed fundamental switched strategy is apposite, in which each dc voltage can be self-maintained and independently controlled. In addition, a method for designing the passive LC filter is also presented.
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Zebua, Osea, and I. Made Ginarsa. "Optimasi Tegangan-Daya Reaktif Pada Penyulang Rayap Menggunakan Alternating Direct Methods of Multipliers." DIELEKTRIKA 12, no. 1 (2025): 47–56. https://doi.org/10.29303/dielektrika.v12i1.413.
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The varying levels of voltage and reactive power can affect the amount of active power losses in the power distribution network. Therefore, optimization of voltage and reactive power values needs to be done to reduce the amount of active power losses while improving the voltage profile at each bus. This paper presents the optimization of voltage and reactive power in the distribution network using the alternating direct method of multipliers (ADMM) algorithm. Optimization with the ADMM algorithm is carried out by separating the optimization of continuous variables and discrete/integer variables for each iteration and implemented by simulation using MATLAB software. The case study used is the Rayap feeder distribution network at the Metro substation, Lampung Province. The simulation results show that optimization of voltage and reactive power can reduce active power losses from 37.44 kW before optimization to 34.78 kW and improve the voltage profile at each bus from a minimum voltage value of 0.9713 per unit before optimization to 0.9734 per unit. The optimal tap position of the load tap changer obtained is 17 while the capacity position of the two capacitor banks is 400 kVAR each.
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Asna, M., H. Shareef, S. N. Khalid, A. O. Idris, A. N. Aldarmaki, and Basil Hamed. "Universal power converter for low power applications." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 10, no. 4 (2019): 2165. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i4.pp2165-2172.
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A novel power converter that can perform both voltage and frequency conversion was proposed. Inappropriate power supply can damage sensitive sub-components and render the connected device inoperable. Henceforth, the proposed voltage–frequency converter acts as an interface to plug any electrical device directly into an electrical socket and provide the voltage and frequency required. The converter used a synchronous reference frame proportional–integral (SRFPI) controller to regulate the instantaneous output voltage and to improve steady state performance. Because the PI controller works together with the synchronous reference frame controller, it is difficult to tune the PI control parameters. To overcome this issue, a new meta heuristic optimization technique called lightening search algorithm (LSA) optimization was used to identify the optimum PI parameter values. A detailed description of the system operation and control strategy was presented. Finally, the performance of the converter was analyzed and verified by simulation and experimental results. The experimental result has shown that the proposed system has satisfactory output voltage and frequency under different input voltages.
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M., Asna, Shareef H., N. Khalid S., O. Idris A., N. Aldarmaki A., and Hamed Basil. "Universal power converter for low power applications." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive System (IJPEDS) 10, no. 4 (2019): 2165–72. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i4.pp2165-2172.
Full textAbstract:
A novel power converter that can perform both voltage and frequency conversion was proposed. Inappropriate power supply can damage sensitive sub-components and render the connected device inoperable. Henceforth, the proposed voltage–frequency converter acts as an interface to plug any electrical device directly into an electrical socket and provide the voltage and frequency required. The converter used a synchronous reference frame proportional–integral (SRFPI) controller to regulate the instantaneous output voltage and to improve steady state performance. Because the PI controller works together with the synchronous reference frame controller, it is difficult to tune the PI control parameters. To overcome this issue, a new meta heuristic optimization technique called lightening search algorithm (LSA) optimization was used to identify the optimum PI parameter values. A detailed description of the system operation and control strategy was presented. Finally, the performance of the converter was analyzed and verified by simulation and experimental results. The experimental result has shown that the proposed system has satisfactory output voltage and frequency under different input voltages.
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Kulesz, Barbara, Andrzej Sikora, and Adam Zielonka. "The Application of Ant Colony Algorithms to Improving the Operation of Traction Rectifier Transformers." Computers 8, no. 2 (2019): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computers8020028.
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In this paper, we discuss a technical issue occurring in electric traction. Tram traction may use DC voltage; this is obtained by rectifying AC voltage supplied by the power grid. In the simplest design— one which is commonly used—only diode uncontrolled rectifiers are used. The rectified voltage is not smooth; it always contains a pulsating (AC) component. The amount of pulsation varies. It depends, among other factors, on the design of the transformer-rectifier set. In the 12-pulse system, we use a three-winding transformer, consisting of one primary winding and two secondary windings: one is delta-connected and the other is star-connected. The unbalance of secondary windings is an extra factor increasing the pulsation of DC voltage. To equalize secondary side voltages, a tap changer may be used. The setting of the tap changer is the question resolved in this paper; it is optimized by application of the ACO (ant colony optimization algorithm). We have analyzed different supply voltage variants, and in particular, distorted voltage containing 5th and 7th harmonics. The results of ant colony optimization application are described in this paper.
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Sun, Hongdi, Renze Chen, Ke Zhou, and Xiaoming Wang. "Low power optimization method for contactless micro intelligent voltage sensor communication network." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2215, no. 1 (2022): 012028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2215/1/012028.
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Abstract Aiming at the problems of high power consumption and low success rate in contactless micro voltage sensor communication network, a low power consumption optimization method of contactless micro voltage sensor communication network is proposed. By calculating the average power consumption of micro voltage sensor nodes in the communication network area, the energy balance degree of micro voltage sensor nodes is obtained. When the micro voltage sensor nodes meet the sleep probability of communication network area coverage factor, the power consumption of voltage sensor communication network is calculated. By defining the information entropy of communication network data set, the conditional entropy of data feature classification of communication network is obtained, and the high-power data is eliminated by using the validity kernel function of data features. Combined with the low-power optimization algorithm of micro voltage sensor communication network, the low-power optimization of micro voltage sensor communication network is realized. The experimental results show that the optimization method in this paper can not only reduce the power consumption of data transmission in contactless micro voltage sensor communication network, but also improve the success rate of data transmission, and has better optimization effect.
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Kamarudin, Muhamad Najib, and Tengku Juhana Tengku Hashim. "Coordinated and optimal voltage control for voltage regulation using firefly algorithm." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 16, no. 2 (2019): 568. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v16.i2.pp568-576.
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The operation and control of electricity in distribution networks has faced great challenges as a large number of distributed generations (DGs) are integrated. Connection of distributed generations (DGs) in the distribution system offers advantages in terms of reducing distribution and transmission costs as well as encouraging the use of renewable energy sources. The power flow in the distribution systems is no longer moving in a single direction and this resulted the system to become as active distribution networks (ADN). One of the main problems in ADN is the voltage regulation issue which is to maintain the voltage to be within its permissible limits. Several methods of voltage control methods are available and focus is given in finding the optimal voltage control using artificial intelligence techniques. This paper presents an optimal and coordinated voltage control method while minimizing losses and voltage deviation of the network. The optimal and coordinated voltage control scheme is implemented on an IEEE 13 bus distribution network for loss and voltage deviation minimization in the networks. Firefly Algorithm (FA) which is a known heuristic optimization technique for finding the optimal solution is used in this work. The results are compared with another optimization method known as Backtracking Search Algorithm (BSA) for identifying the best setting for solving the voltage regulation problem. In order to solve the multi-objective optimization issue, the MATPOWER load flow simulation is integrated in the MATLAB environment with the optimization algorithm.
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Elvira, David García, Hugo Valderrama Blaví, Àngel Cid Pastor, and Luis Martínez Salamero. "Efficiency Optimization of a Variable Bus Voltage DC Microgrid." Energies 11, no. 11 (2018): 3090. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11113090.
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A variable bus voltage DC microgrid (MG) is simulated in Simulink for optimization purposes. It is initially controlled with a Voltage Event Control (VEC) algorithm supplemented with a State of Charge Event Control (SOCEC) algorithm. This control determines the power generated/consumed by each element of the MG based on bus voltage and battery State of Charge (SOC) values. Two supplementary strategies are proposed and evaluated to improve the DC-DC converters’ efficiency. First, bus voltage optimization control: a centralized Energy Management System (EMS) manages the battery power in order to make the bus voltage follow the optimal voltage reference. Second, online optimization of switching frequency: local drivers operate each converter at its optimal switching frequency. The two proposed optimization strategies have been verified in the simulations.
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Rasool, Ali Abdulqadir, Najimaldin M. Abbas, and Kamal Sheikhyounis. "Determination of optimal size and location of static synchronous compensator for power system bus voltage improvement and loss reduction using whale optimization algorithm." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 1, no. 8(115) (2022): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.251760.
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Power systems are usually expected to become heavily loaded as the demand for electrical energy grows and economic consideration limits the installation of additional transmission and generating capacity. Keeping the bus voltage in the power system within the standard permissible limits is an important concern to improve the voltage stability and avoid voltage collapse of the whole power system. The common and effective way to achieve this purpose is by adding flexible AC transmission line devices to the power system. One of these devices is static synchronous compensator. In this paper an approach is proposed to find optimal location and size of static synchronous compensator for improving bus voltage in the power system. A load flow is conducted to identify the low voltage buses which are the weak buses in the system and they are considered as suitable buses for static synchronous compensator connection. An objective function is formulated for optimization process which contains four parts, the voltage deviation, static synchronous compensator size, active and reactive power losses of the whole power system. Whale optimization algorithm is used for the optimization process. The proposed approach is applied on the real power system of Kurdistan Region using power system simulator for engineering software for simulating the power system and finding the optimal size and location of static synchronous compensator for bus voltage improvement. The results are encouraging for applying the approach to any power system. What distinguishes this method is that it accomplishes two things, namely reducing the bus voltage deviation to zero which means that all bus voltages are within the permissible limits and minimizing losses as well.
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Ali, Abdulqadir Rasool, M. Abbas Najimaldin, and Sheikhyounis Kamal. "Determination of optimal size and location of static synchronous compensator for power system bus voltage improvement and loss reduction using whale optimization algorithm." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 1, no. 8(115) (2022): 26–34. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.251760.
Full textAbstract:
Power systems are usually expected to become heavily loaded as the demand for electrical energy grows and economic consideration limits the installation of additional transmission and generating capacity. Keeping the bus voltage in the power system within the standard permissible limits is an important concern to improve the voltage stability and avoid voltage collapse of the whole power system. The common and effective way to achieve this purpose is by adding flexible AC transmission line devices to the power system. One of these devices is static synchronous compensator. In this paper an approach is proposed to find optimal location and size of static synchronous compensator for improving bus voltage in the power system. A load flow is conducted to identify the low voltage buses which are the weak buses in the system and they are considered as suitable buses for static synchronous compensator connection. An objective function is formulated for optimization process which contains four parts, the voltage deviation, static synchronous compensator size, active and reactive power losses of the whole power system. Whale optimization algorithm is used for the optimization process. The proposed approach is applied on the real power system of Kurdistan Region using power system simulator for engineering software for simulating the power system and finding the optimal size and location of static synchronous compensator for bus voltage improvement. The results are encouraging for applying the approach to any power system. What distinguishes this method is that it accomplishes two things, namely reducing the bus voltage deviation to zero which means that all bus voltages are within the permissible limits and minimizing losses as well.
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Inyanga, Faith Eseri, Irene N. Muisyo, and Keren K. Kaberere. "Optimization of dynamic transmission network expansion planning using binary particle swarm optimization algorithm." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 14, no. 2 (2025): 861–73. https://doi.org/10.11591/eei.v14i2.8944.
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Increasing power demand is usually met by the expansion of generation capacity. The transmission network should be expanded in tandem to ensure power is evacuated from generation points to the load centres. Inadequate power capacity causes congestion. Congestion results due to under-voltages and violation of transmission lines’ loading limits. Constructing additional transmission lines is required to alleviate the congestion after measures of increasing the transmission line’s transfer capability are exploited. Transmission network expansion planning (TNEP) determines the transmission lines to be added to a power system at minimal construction cost, without violating network constraints. In this research, voltage limit violations are penalized in a constrained dynamic TNEP problem for a 10-year planning horizon. The optimal location and number of new transmission lines required at minimal construction cost, and transmission losses associated with the transmission network operations are determined. Improved binary particle swarm optimization (IBPSO) algorithm is applied to optimize the dynamic transmission network expansion planning (DTNEP) results. The developed model is tested on Garver’s 6-bus system using MATLAB. The construction cost for new transmission lines is minimized, and transmission losses reduced when compared to other published works without violating voltage limits (±5%) and transmission lines’ thermal capacities. The transmission network system adequacy is improved.
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Tian, Ao, Fenghui Zhang, and Peng Xiao. "Harmonic Self-Compensation Control for Bidirectional Grid Tied Inverter Based on Crown Porcupine Optimization Algorithm." Electronics 13, no. 13 (2024): 2607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13132607.
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A self-compensating control strategy for harmonic parameters based on the crown porcupine optimization algorithm is proposed for the single-phase rectifier and two-phase inverter operation mode of the bidirectional converter. In order to improve the response speed of the inverter voltage, the instantaneous expressions of the phase angle coefficient and amplitude coefficient of the dc-side voltage doubling fluctuation are derived, and the third harmonic is calculated based on the crown porcupine optimization algorithm according to the Proportional Integral (PI) + Quasi-Proportional Resonance (QPR) double closed-loop control method and injected into the input voltage of the inverter side to offset the influence of the bus-doubling fluctuation on the output voltage of the two-phase inverters of B and C so that the total harmonic content of the two-phase output voltages of the two-phase inverters of B and C can be reduced. The total harmonic content of the B and C inverter output voltages is reduced. The effective control of the control method for single-phase rectifier two-phase inverter mode is verified through simulation. Finally, the effectiveness of the control strategy is verified by experimenting with a 15 kW LCL-type bi-directional converter prototype.
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Momoh, James A., and Surender Reddy Salkuti. "Feasibility of Stochastic Voltage/VAr Optimization Considering Renewable Energy Resources for Smart Grid." International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems 17, no. 3 (2016): 287–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijeeps-2016-0009.
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Abstract This paper proposes a stochastic optimization technique for solving the Voltage/VAr control problem including the load demand and Renewable Energy Resources (RERs) variation. The RERs often take along some inputs like stochastic behavior. One of the important challenges i. e., Voltage/VAr control is a prime source for handling power system complexity and reliability, hence it is the fundamental requirement for all the utility companies. There is a need for the robust and efficient Voltage/VAr optimization technique to meet the peak demand and reduction of system losses. The voltages beyond the limit may damage costly sub-station devices and equipments at consumer end as well. Especially, the RERs introduces more disturbances and some of the RERs are not even capable enough to meet the VAr demand. Therefore, there is a strong need for the Voltage/VAr control in RERs environment. This paper aims at the development of optimal scheme for Voltage/VAr control involving RERs. In this paper, Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) method is used to cover full range of variables by maximally satisfying the marginal distribution. Here, backward scenario reduction technique is used to reduce the number of scenarios effectively and maximally retain the fitting accuracy of samples. The developed optimization scheme is tested on IEEE 24 bus Reliability Test System (RTS) considering the load demand and RERs variation.
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Wondie, Tebeje Tesfaw, and Teshome Goa Tella. "Voltage Stability Assessments and Their Improvement Using Optimal Placed Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM)." Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2022 (August 23, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2071454.
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In this paper, static voltage stability assessments and their improvement using analytical and optimization techniques with different loading scenarios are described. In this study, the 400 kV, 230 kV, and 132 kV Ethiopian electric power networks are modeled using Power System Analysis Toolbox (PSAT), and the load flow analysis is carried out using MATLAB source code. Then, different voltage stability indices, such as the user-defined advanced voltage stability index (AVSI), modified voltage stability index (MVSI), and fast voltage stability index (FVSI), are used to identify the voltage unstable buses. Besides this, particle swarm optimization (PSO) is also used to find the optimal size and placement of the Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) for the most severe buses identified by voltage stability indices. The result presents three special arguments: whether the most severe buses that are ranked at the top based on the voltage stability indices are optimal buses for compensation placement or not, the voltage stability improvement, and power loss reduction with the introduction of STATCOM. Accordingly, it is observed that the weakest bus that is identified through the stability indices may not be the optimal placement of the compensation device. It is also indicated that, with the introduction of STATCOM to the optimal selected bus, the network power loss is reduced from 46.65 MW to 33.32 MW and its voltage magnitude in all buses is also improved. All bus voltages are within the IEEE standard acceptable limit.
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Li, Chuang, Min You Chen, Yong Wei Zhen, Ang Fu, and Jun Jie Li. "Reactive Power Optimization in Distribution Network with Wind Farm." Advanced Materials Research 614-615 (December 2012): 1372–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.614-615.1372.
Full textAbstract:
The traditional methods to adjust voltage in distribution network reactive power optimization is discretization，and it is difficult to realize the continuous voltage adjustment. A reactive power optimization model and algorithm in distribution network with wind farm is proposed. The network loss，deviation of voltage and stability of voltage are taken into account in the multi-objective reactive power optimization model. The quantum particle swarm optimization（QPSO）algorithm has been used to solve the reactive power optimization problem. The algorithm described particle state by wave function, not only increase the diversity of population，but also avoid premature convergence. The comparison of the simulation result between QPSO and PSO on the modified IEEE 33-bus system demonstrated the effectiveness and advantage of quantum particle swarm optimization.
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Majeed, Issah Babatunde, Amevi Acakpovi, and Mathias B. Michael. "Optimization of High Voltage Distribution System." Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology 14, no. 7 (2017): 251–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.19026/rjaset.14.4787.
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