Academic literature on the topic 'Volume-2 Issue-1 (Jan-Feb) 2025'

Background: Cardiac myxomas are benign cardiac neoplasms usually found solitarily located within a single cardiac chamber, most commonly in the left atrium. With no established cause, they are often thought to occur spontaneously with no particular genetic cause or external incitement. While it has been explored, there is no universally accepted correlation with myxoma formation following a cardiac ablation procedure. We propose the theory of an iatrogenic causation of cardiac myxoma formation, likely incited by the local tissue injury during the transseptal puncture of the interatrial wall. Case Summary: We present the case of a 62-year-old male with a medical history significant for Atrial Fibrillation for which he underwent a transseptal ablation procedure, during which a puncture is made through the interatrial septum. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiograms obtained prior to the procedure did not reveal any intracardiac masses or abnormalities. Two-years post-procedure, during an inpatient hospitalization for a suspected asthma exacerbation, a new transthoracic echocardiogram demonstrated a pedunculated mass within the left atrium. 1. Rubio Alvarez J, Martinez de Alegria A, Sierra Quiroga J, Adrio Nazar B, Rubio Taboada C, Martinez Comendador JM. Rapid growth of left atrial myxoma after radiofrequency ablation. Tex Heart Inst J. 2013;40(4):459-61. PMID: 24082379; PMCID: PMC3783123. 2. Wada et al. General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases https://doi.org/10.1186/s44215-024-00145-7 3. Santillo E, Migale M, Marini L, Fallavollita L, Massini C, Balestrini F. Left atrial myxoma development after radiofrequency ablation of an atrial flutter substrate. JC Cases. 2015;11:124-6. 4. Kahraman, D. Et. Al. Refractory anemia and myxoma after radiofrequency ablation: a case report. Cardiovasc Surg Int 2016;3(1):15-17 http://dx.doi.org/DOI: 10.5606/e-cvsi.2016.479 5. Islam, AKMM. Cardiac Myxomas: A narrative Review. World J Cardiol 2022 April 26; 14(4): 206-219. 10.4330/wjc.v14.14.206 6. Satomi, K. Editorial: Incidental tumor or ablation-promoted oncogenesis? Journal of Cardiology Cases. 12 (2015) 30-31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jccase.2015.04.001 7. AlAhmadi HH, Alsafwani NS, Shawarby MA, Ahmed F. Cardiac Myxoma: Typical Presentation but Unusual Histology. Case Rep Med. 2021 May 4;2021:6611579. doi: 10.1155/2021/6611579. PMID: 34035819; PMCID: PMC8116158. 8. Lee VH, Connolly HM, Brown RD. Central Nervous System Manifestations of Cardiac Myxoma. Arch Neurol.2007;64(8):1115–1120. doi:10.1001/archneur.64.8.1115 9. Okongwu CC, Olaofe OO. Cardiac myxoma: a comprehensive review. J Cardiothorac Surg. 2025 Mar 13;20(1):151. doi: 10.1186/s13019-024-03333-2. PMID: 40082903; PMCID: PMC11905437. 10. El Sabbagh, A, Al-Hijji, M, Thaden, J. et al. Cardiac Myxoma: The Great Mimicker. J Am Coll Cardiol Img. 2017 Feb, 10 (2) 203–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcmg.2016.06.018 11. I.M. Keeling, P. Oberwalder, M. Anelli-Monti, H. Schuchlenz, U. Demel, G.P. Tilz, P. Rehak, B. Rigler, Cardiac myxomas: 24 years of experience in 49 patients, European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Volume 22, Issue 6, December 2002, Pages 971–977, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1010-7940(02)00592-4 12. Ngow HA, Khairina WM. Atrial myxoma: histological confirmation. Heart Asia. 2011 Jan 1;3(1):43-4. doi: 10.1136/ha.2010.003046. PMID: 27325987; PMCID: PMC4898555. 13. Hamdan, M., Alam, B. & Kossaify, A. A polo ball in the right atrium, importance of echocardiographic characteristics of intracardiac myxomas: a case report. J Med Case Reports 17, 403 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13256-023-04130-6. 14. Wang JG, Li YJ, Liu H, Li NN, Zhao J, Xing XM. Clinicopathologic analysis of cardiac myxomas: Seven years experience with 61 patients. J Thorac Dis 2012;4 (3):272-283. DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2012.05.07. 15. Zahra, K, Salma, S, Ali, T. et al. Giant Right Atrial Myxoma: Multimodality Imaging and Management. J Am Coll Cardiol Case Rep. 2025 Jan, 30 (2) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaccas.2024.102772. 16. Cotrim, N, Veiga, A, Castilho, B. et al. Giant Cardiac Myxoma as a Cause of Stroke. J Am Coll Cardiol Case Rep. 2024 Dec, 29 (24). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaccas.2024.102866. 17. Paraskevaidis IA, Michalakeas CA, Papadopoulos CH, AnastasiouNana M. Cardiac tumors. ISRN Oncol. 2011;2011:208929. doi: 10.5402/2011/208929. Epub 2011 May 26. PMID: 22091416; PMCID: PMC3195386. 18. Nektaria M, Theologou S, Christos C, George S, Rokeia E, Dimitrios S, Ioanna P. Cardiac myxomas: A single-center case series of 145 patients over a 32-year period study. Ann Card Anaesth. 2023 Jan-Mar;26(1):17-22. doi: 10.4103/aca.aca_290_20. PMID: 36722583; PMCID: PMC9997480. 19. Sido V, Volkwein A, Hartrumpf M, Braun C, Kühnel RU, Ostovar R, Schröter F, Chopsonidou S, Albes JM. Gender-Related Outcomes after Surgical Resection and Level of Satisfaction in Patients with Left Atrial Tumors. J Clin Med. 2023 Mar 6;12(5):2075. doi: 10.3390/jcm12052075. PMID: 36902863; PMCID: PMC10003994. 20. Lima NA, Byers-Spencer K, Cwikla K, Huffman C, Diaz M, Melgar TA, Helmstetter N. Benign Cardiac Neoplasms in the United States: A Thirteen-Year Review. Cardiology. 2021;146(6):748-753. doi: 10.1159/000519290. Epub 2021 Sep 1. PMID: 34469887; PMCID: PMC8743935. 21. Saleh Y, Hammad B, Almaghraby A, Abdelkarim O, Seleem M, Abdelnaby M, Shehata H, Hammad M, Ramadan B, Elshafei M, Elsharkawy E, Abdel-Hay MA. Carney Complex: A Rare Case of Multicentric Cardiac Myxoma Associated with Endocrinopathy. Case Rep Cardiol. 2018 Jul 2;2018:2959041. doi: 10.1155/2018/2959041. PMID: 30065853; PMCID: PMC6051319. 22. Amano J, Kono T, Wada Y, Zhang T, Koide N, Fujimori M, Ito K. Cardiac myxoma: its origin and tumor characteristics. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2003 Aug;9(4):215-21. PMID: 13129418. 23. Orlandi A, Ciucci A, Ferlosio A et al (2006) Cardiac myxoma cells exhibit embryonic endocardial stem cell features. J Pathol 209(2):231-239. https://doi.org/10.1002/path.1959. 24. Sakamoto H, Sakamaki T, Sumino H, Sawada Y, Sato H, Sato M, Fujita K, Kanda T, Tamura J, Kurabayashi M. Production of endothelin-1 and big endothelin-1 by human cardiac myxoma cells- -implications of the origin of myxomas--. Circ J. 2004 Dec;68(12):1230-2. doi: 10.1253/circj.68.1230. PMID: 15564714. 25. Singhal P, Luk A, Rao V, Butany J (2014) Molecular basis of cardiac myxomas. Int J Mol Sci 15(1):1315–1337. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms15011315. 26. Sughimoto K., Shiikawa A., Ohkado A., Nanaumi M. Multiple cardiac myxomas with pulmonary artery obstruction and acute right heart failure. Jpn. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 2004;52:530–533. doi: 10.1007/s11748-004-0005-3. 27. Mendyka D, Płonek T, Jędrasek T, Korman A, Złotowska A, Jędrasek A, Skalik R, Kustrzycki W. The Therapeutic Potential of Different Surgical Approaches in the Management of Cardiac Myxoma: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med. 2024 Dec 28;14(1):121. doi: 10.3390/jcm14010121. PMID: 39797207; PMCID: PMC11722112. 28. Changing management of cardiac myxoma based on a series of 40 cases with long-term follow-up Selkane, Chekir et al. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, Volume 76, Issue 6, 1935 – 1938. 29. Argueta EE, Ratheal K, Prieto S, Paone R, Jenkins LA, Oyenuga O. Recurrent atrial myxoma, right atriotomy, and sinus node dysfunction: a case of interdisciplinary care. The Southwest Respiratory and Critical Care Chronicles 2018;6(23):42–46. 30. Scalise M, Torella M, Marino F, Ravo M, Giurato G, Vicinanza C, Cianflone E, Mancuso T, Aquila I, Salerno L, Nassa G, Agosti V, De Angelis A, Urbanek K, Berrino L, Veltri P, Paolino D, Mastroroberto P, De Feo M, Viglietto G, Weisz A, Nadal-Ginard B, Ellison-Hughes GM, Torella D. Atrial myxomas arise from multipotent cardiac stem cells. Eur Heart J. 2020 Dec 1;41(45):4332-4345. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa156. PMID: 32330934; PMCID: PMC7735815.

<strong>FEB-2024 | VOLUME-2 | ISSUE-2 </strong> <strong>https://entechonline.com/feb-2024-volume-2-issue-1/</strong> The&nbsp;<strong>Entech February 2024</strong> Issue of<strong> ENTECH Magazine</strong> presents the cover story, <strong>&ldquo;A New Design for a Solar Dryer: Part I Introduction&rdquo;</strong>, for Sustainable Agriculture by <strong>Dr. S. D. Suryawanshi</strong> based on his patented design. <strong>&nbsp;</strong> An original article <strong>&ldquo;Revolutionizing medication management: The Smart Pill Dispenser&rdquo;</strong> by <strong>Kedareshwar Goranale.</strong> A Nature Focus article<strong> &ldquo;The Dye Industry and Environmental Impact: Part II the Toxic Truth&rdquo;</strong> by <strong>Nagraj</strong>. <strong>&nbsp;</strong>A review article <strong>&ldquo;Mechanical Engineering Explained: Part I Introduction&rdquo;</strong> by <strong>Atil Arora and Ayush Gupta</strong>.&nbsp; TECH Focus article on<strong> &ldquo;All About AI: Part 1&rdquo;</strong> by <strong>Kautilya Katariya,</strong> Youngest Computer Programmer.&nbsp; A commentary <strong>&ldquo;How Internet Works: An Essential Guide for Your Safety&rdquo;</strong> by<strong> Deven Nandapurkar.&nbsp;</strong><strong>&nbsp;</strong> A commentary <strong>&ldquo;Nanotechnology Is Changing the Health Care and Medicine Industries: The Power of Small&rdquo;</strong> by <strong>Dr. Sunita Singh.</strong><strong>&nbsp;</strong> An original article <strong>&ldquo;How it is Made: The Lead Acid Battery (Part 5) &ndash; Paste Preparation&rdquo;</strong> by SOVEMA Group.<strong>&nbsp;</strong> <strong>Answers to the math puzzle from the previous issue</strong> by <strong>Jaya Ghosh.</strong> &nbsp; Science and Technology NEWS curated for you. We are asking for contributions to help us continue. We need articles, advertisements, news stories, and other forms of collaboration. <strong>The Entech February 2024 Issue</strong> also highlights the latest advancements in nuclear fusion technology in the editorial. Please share this link with a message on your social media handles, WhatsApp groups, etc. <strong>https://entechonline.com/feb-2024-volume-2-issue-1/</strong> #CareerGuidance #JobAdvice #CareerAdvice #LinkedInTips #JobSearchTips #CareerStrategy #CareerSuccess #PassionToProfession

<strong>JAN-2024 | VOLUME-2 | ISSUE-1</strong> The&nbsp;<strong>JANUARY 2024 issue of ENTECH</strong> Magazine presents the cover story &ldquo;<strong>Flying Start of MAKE IN INDIA</strong>&rdquo; &ndash; an interview with&nbsp;<strong>Meet Desai</strong>, one of the youngest entrepreneurs in the aerospace domain; feature story on &ldquo;<strong>Ongoing Exploration in Gravitational Space Biology</strong>&rdquo; by&nbsp;<strong>Pandit Vidyasgar</strong>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>Jyotsana Dixit</strong>; Nature Focus article on &ldquo;<strong>The Dye Industry and Environmental Impacts</strong>&rdquo; by&nbsp;<strong>Nagraj</strong>; LIFE Focus article on &ldquo;<strong>Cooling without Electricity: Harnessing the Pot-in-Pot Refrigerator Principle</strong>&rdquo; by&nbsp;<strong>Atil Arora and Sanjeev Jha</strong>; TECH Focus article on &ldquo;<strong>Computational Complexity</strong>&rdquo; by&nbsp;<strong>Kautilya Katariya</strong>, Youngest Computer Programmer, Career Focus article on &ldquo;<strong>HOW TO JOIN FLYING BRANCH OF INDIAN AIR FORCE</strong>&rdquo; by Sqn Ldr Sachin Bhatnagar (retd), a new &ldquo;<strong>Math Puzzle</strong>&rdquo; to keep your brain fresh and active by renowned math writer&nbsp;<strong>Jaya Ghosh</strong>, answers to the math puzzle from the previous issue, &ldquo;<strong>How it is Made: The Lead Acid Battery (Part 4) &ndash; Oxide Production</strong>&rdquo; by&nbsp;<strong>SOVEMA Group</strong>, a call for contributions to keep us alive, a call for articles, a call for advertisements, a call for news articles, and a call for other collaborative opportunities. The issue also highlights the need for a sustainable lifestyle in the editorial. Please share this link with a message on your social media handles, WhatsApp groups, etc. #CareerGuidance #JobAdvice #CareerAdvice #LinkedInTips #JobSearchTips #CareerStrategy #CareerSuccess #PassionToProfession <strong>https://entechonline.com/jan-2024-volume-2-issue/</strong> ENTECH magazine is for teenagers, especially in the age group of 13&ndash;17, who are fascinated by Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics, STEM. ENTECH magazine will help teenagers explore areas that spark their interest and discover their passion.&nbsp;

Coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) are relatively rare defects that range significantly in clinical presentation, most often discovered in adults with concomitant coronary artery disease. There remains no general consensus on the optimal management of CAAs. A vast majority of cases reported in literature are managed operatively or with percutaneous stenting. We however demonstrate a case of a CAA discovered upon angiography for a STEMI managed entirely with intracoronary thrombolytics and intravenous heparin, followed by a repeat coronary angiography that confirmed re-opening of the occluded vessel now with distal coronary blood flow. 1. Matta AG, Yaacoub N, Nader V, Moussallem N, Carrie D, Roncalli J. Coronary artery aneurysm: A review. World J Cardiol. 2021 Sep 26;13(9):446-455. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v13.i9.446. PMID: 34621489; PMCID: PMC8462041. 1. Kawsara, A, Núñez Gil, I, Alqahtani, F. et al. Management of Coronary Artery Aneurysms. J Am Coll Cardiol Intv. 2018 Jul, 11(13) 1211–1223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jcin.2018.02.041 2. Kacila M, Matteucci ML, Bevilacqua S, Granov N, Glauber M. Treatment of left anterior descending artery aneurysm. Bosn J Basic Med Sci. 2006 Nov;6(4):22-4. doi: 10.17305/ bjbms.2006.3113. PMID: 17177643; PMCID: PMC5807962. 3. Sheikh AS, Hailan A, Kinnaird T, Choudhury A, Smith D. Coronary Artery Aneurysm: Evaluation, Prognosis, and Proposed Treatment Strategies. Heart Views. 2019 Jul-Sep;20(3):101-108. doi: 10.4103/HEARTVIEWS. HEARTVIEWS_1_19. PMID: 31620255; PMCID: PMC6791093. 4. Swaye PS, Fisher LD, Litwin P, Vignola PA, Judkins MP, Kemp HG, et al. Aneurysmal coronary artery disease. Circulation. 1983;67:134–8. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.67.1.134. 5. Sushil Kumar Singh, Tushar Goyal, Rishi Sethi, Sharad Chandra, Vijayant Devenraj, Nitin Kumar Rajput, Dinesh Kaushal, Vivek Tewarson, Santosh Gupta, Sarvesh Kumar, Surgical treatment for coronary artery aneurysm: a single-centre experience, Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery, Volume 17, Issue 4, October 2013, Pages 632-636, https://doi. org/10.1093/icvts/ivt282 6. Morita H, Ozawa H, Yamazaki S, Yamauchi Y, Tsuji M, Katsumata T, Ishizaka N. A case of giant coronary artery aneurysm with fistulous connection to the pulmonary artery: a case report and review of the literature. Intern Med. 2012;51(11):1361- 6. doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.51.7134. Epub 2012 Jun 1. PMID: 22687842. 7. Barioli A, Visco E, Pellizzari N, Marzot F, Lanzellotti D, Favero L, Cernetti C. Diagnostic workup and treatment options for aneurysmal coronary artery disease. Vessel Plus. 2024;8:13. http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1209.2023.68 8. Abou Sherif S, Ozden Tok O, Tas ̧köylü Ö, Goktekin O and Kilic ID (2017) Coronary Artery Aneurysms: A Review of the Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Front. Cardiovasc. Med. 4:24. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2017.00024 9. Chauhan et al.: An unruptured, thrombosed 10 cm right coronary artery aneurysm mimicking a pericardial cyst. Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery 2013 8:2. 10. Sannino, M.; Nicolai, M.; Infusino, F.; Giulio, L.; Usai, T.L.; Biscotti, G.; Azzarri, A.; De Angelis D’Ossat, M.; Calcagno, S.; Calcagno, S. Coronary Artery Aneurysms: A Clinical Case Report and Literature Review Supporting Therapeutic Choices. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 5348. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13185348 11. Pham, V.; Hemptinne, Q.; Grinda, J.; Duboc D.; Varenne, O.; Picard, F. Giant coronary aneurysms, from diagnosis to treatment: A literature review. Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases. 2020, January, 113(1), 59-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. acvd.2019.10.008 12. Khouzam, M.S., Khouzam, N. Giant coronary artery aneurysms involving more than one coronary artery: case report. J Cardiothorac Surg 16, 177 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/ s13019-021-01560-5. 13. Ramirez, F.D., et. Al. Natural History and Management of Aortocoronary Saphenous Vein Graft Aneurysms. A Systematic Review of Published Cases. American Heart Association. 2012 Oct, (126)18, 1524-4539. 14. Nichols, L., Lagana, S., Parwani, A. Coronary Artery Aneurysm. A Review and Hypothesis Regarding Etiology. Arch Pathol Lab Med (2008) 132 (5): 823–828. https://doi.org/10.5858/2008- 132-823-CAAARA. 15. Bajaj, S. Et Al. Covered-Stent Treatment of Coronary Aneurysm after Drug-Eluting Stent Placement, Case Report and Literature ReviewTex Heart Inst 2010;37(4):449-54). 16. Aoki J, Kirtane A, Leon MB, Dangas G. Coronary artery aneurysms after drug-eluting stent implantation. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2008 Feb;1(1):14-21. doi: 10.1016/j. jcin.2007.10.004. PMID: 19393139. 17. Befeler B, Aranda MJ, Embi A, Mullin FL, El-Sherif N, Lazzara R. Coronary artery aneurysms: study of the etiology, clinical course and effect on left ventricular function and prognosis. Am J Med. 1977;62:597-607. 18. Pasha, A.K., Jokerst, C.E., Janardhanan, R. Myocardial Infarction related to a Coronary Artery Aneurysm. The American Journal of Medicine. 2015, February (128)2. http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2014.10.017. 19. ElGuindy MS, ElGuindy AM. Aneurysmal coronary artery disease: An overview, Global Cardiology Science and Practice 2017:26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21542/gcsp.2017.26. 20. Khubber S, Chana R, Meenakshisundaram C, et al. Coronary artery aneurysms: outcomes following medical, pinterventional and surgical management. Open Heart 2021;8:e001440. doi:10.1136/openhrt-2020-001440. 21. Sugiyama, K., Matsuyama, K., Maruno, K. et al. A case of ruptured infective coronary artery aneurysm. surg case rep 3, 75 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40792-017-0347-6. 22. Johnson, P.T., Fishman, E.K. CT Angiography of Coronary Artery Aneurysms; Detection, definition, causes, and treatment. American Journal of Roentology. 2010, March (195)4. https:// doi.org/10.2214/AJR.09.3517. 23. Kacila M, Matteucci ML, Bevilacqua S, Granov N, Glauber M. Treatment of left anterior descending artery aneurysm. Bosn J Basic Med Sci. 2006 Nov;6(4):22-4. doi: 10.17305/ bjbms.2006.3113. PMID: 17177643; PMCID: PMC5807962. 24. Beyer, M., Shoap, S., Beyer, E. Massive Giant Coronary Aneurysm. Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 2024, March (2)1, 38-39. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.atssr.2023.09.001. 25. Hannah, E.L., Et Al. Circulation: Cardiovascular Interventions. American Heart Association.2022,June(15)6. https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/suppl/10.1161/ CIRCINTERVENTIONS.121.011687. 26. Zhu Et. Al., Challenges and strategies in the management of coronary artery aneurysms. Hellenic Journal of Cardiology 62 (2021) 112-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hjc.2020.09.004. 27. Krüger D, Stierle U, Herrmann G, Simon R, Sheikhzadeh A. Exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in isolated coronary artery ectasias and aneurysms (“dilated coronopathy”). J Am Coll Cardiol. 1999 Nov 1;34(5):1461-70. doi: 10.1016/s0735- 1097(99)00375-7. PMID: 10551693. 28. Gundoğdu F, Arslan S, Buyukkaya E, Senocak H. Treatment of a coronary artery aneurysm by use of a covered stent graft - a case report. Int J Angiol. 2007 Spring;16(1):31-2. doi: 10.1055/ s-0031-1278242. PMID: 22477247; PMCID: PMC2733002. 29. Shah, S, Patel, T, Patel, G. et al. Percutaneous Treatment of Long Coronary Aneurysms: Novel Technique for Increased Efficacy and Safety. J Am Coll Cardiol Case Rep. 2019 Dec, 1 (4) 628–632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaccas.2019.10.004. 30. Deibele AJ, Jennings LK, Tcheng JE, Neva C, Earhart AD, Gibson CM. Intracoronary eptifibatide bolus administration during percutaneous coronary revascularization for acute coronary syndromes with evaluation of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor occupancy and platelet function: the Intracoronary Eptifibatide (ICE) Trial. Circulation. 2010 Feb 16;121(6):784- 91. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.882746. 31. Kumar, V. Et. Al. Large intracoronary thrombus and its management during primary PCI. Indian Heart Journal. 72 (2020) 508-516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ihj.2020.11.009. 32. Gülec S, Aras O, Atmaca Y, Akyürek O, Hanson NQ, Sayin T, Tsai MY, Akar N, Oral D. Deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin I converting enzyme gene is a potent risk factor for coronary artery ectasia. Heart. 2003 Feb;89(2):213-4. doi: 10.1136/ heart.89.2.213. PMID: 12527685; PMCID: PMC1767548. 33. Zhu L, Cui Q, Liu Y, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Liu F, Wang J. Effects of a Secondary Prevention Combination Therapy with betaBlocker and Statin on Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients. Med Sci Monit. 2020 Aug 18;26:e925114. doi: 10.12659/MSM.925114. PMID: 32808600; PMCID: PMC7453752. 34. Gebbers JO. Atherosclerosis, cholesterol, nutrition, and statins- -a critical review. Ger Med Sci. 2007 Aug 16;5:Doc04. PMID: 19675712; PMCID: PMC2703237. 35. Hedblad B, Wikstrand J, Janzon L, Wedel H, Berglund G. Lowdose metoprolol CR/XL and fluvastatin slow progression of carotid intima-media thickness: Main results from the Beta-Blocker Cholesterol-Lowering Asymptomatic Plaque Study (BCAPS). Circulation. 2001 Apr 3;103(13):1721-6. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.103.13.1721. PMID: 11282901. 36. Hu M, Hu S, Gao X, Yang Y. Beta-Blocker Use after Discharge in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction in the Contemporary Reperfusion Era. Medicina (Kaunas). 2022 Aug 30;58(9):1177. doi: 10.3390/medicina58091177. PMID: 36143854; PMCID: PMC9506114. 37. Khalid, N., Kumar, S., Muskula, P., Muhammad, M., Helmy T. Coronary Artery Aneurysms and Acute Coronary Syndrome: An Interventonalist’s Dilemma. Methodist DeBakey Cardiovasc J. 2024;20(1):33-39. doi. 10.14797/mdcvj.1343. 38. Baman TS, Cole JH, Devireddy CM, Sperling LS. Risk factors and outcomes in patients with coronary artery aneurysms. Am J Cardiol. 2004 Jun 15;93(12):1549-51. doi: 10.1016/j. amjcard.2004.03.011. PMID: 15194034. 39. Bararu-Bojan, I., Badulescu, O.-V., Badescu, M. C., Vladeanu, M. C., Plesoianu, C. E., Bojan, A., Iliescu-Halitchi, D., Tudor, R., Huzum, B., Frasinariua, O. E., &amp; Ciocoiu, M. (2024). New Insights into the Pathophysiology of Coronary Artery Aneurysms. Diagnostics, 14(19), 2167. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14192167. 40. Ovalı C, Morrad B. Associations between coronary artery disease, aneurysm and ectasia. Kardiochir Torakochirurgia Pol. 2017 Sep;14(3):158-163. doi: 10.5114/kitp.2017.70276. Epub 2017 Sep 30. PMID: 29181042; PMCID: PMC5701588. 41. Demopoulos VP, Olympios CD, Fakiolas CN, Pissimissis EG, Economides NM, Adamopoulou E, Foussas SG, Cokkinos DV. The natural history of aneurysmal coronary artery disease. Heart. 1997 Aug;78(2):136-41. doi: 10.1136/hrt.78.2.136. PMID: 9326986; PMCID: PMC484892. 42. Thangathurai J, Kalashnikova M, Takahashi M, Shinbane JS. Coronary Artery Aneurysm in Kawasaki Disease: Coronary CT Angiography through the Lens of Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis. Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging. 2021 Oct 28;3(5):e200550. doi: 10.1148/ryct.2021200550. PMID: 34778780; PMCID: PMC8581589. 43. Van Stijn D, Korbee JM, Netea SA, de Winter VC, Zwinderman KAH, Kuipers IM, Kuijpers TW. Treatment and Coronary Artery Aneurysm Formation in Kawasaki Disease: A Per-Day Risk Analysis. J Pediatr. 2022 Apr;243:167-172.e1. doi: 10.1016/j. jpeds.2021.12.054. Epub 2021 Dec 27. PMID: 34968497. 44. Senzaki H. 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Nancy Y. Disasters Due to Garbage, Floods and Landslides [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2022 Feb 8]. Available from: https://tirto.id/bencana-hasil-sampah-gunung- until-longsor-sampah-gaB Z Wardhana AH. Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) as an Alternative Protein Source for Animal Feed. WARZOA. 2016;26(2):69–78. United Nations Goal 12 | Department of Economic and Social Affairs [Internet]. [cited 2022 Feb 12]. Available from: https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal12 SIPSN. SIPSN - National Waste Management Information System [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2022 Jan 25]. Available from: https://sipsn.menlhk.go.id/sipsn / i?ková H, Newton GL, Lacy RC, Kozánek M. The use of fly larvae for organic waste treatment. Waste Manag. 2015 Jan 1:35:68–80. Rindhe SN, Chatli MK, Wagh RV, Kaur A, Mehta N, Kumar P, et al. Black Soldier Fly: A New Vista for Waste Management and Animal Feed. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci. 2019 Jan 20;8(01):1329–42. Diener S, Studt Solano NM, Roa Gutiérrez F, Zurbrügg C, Tockner K. Biological treatment of municipal organic waste using black soldier fly larvae. Waste and Biomass Valorization [Internet]. 2011 Nov 18 [cited 2022 Jan 28];2(4):357–63. Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12649-011-9079-1 Supriyatna A, Kurahman OT, Cahyanto T, Yuliawati A, Kulsum Y, Supriyatna A, et al. The Potency of Black Soldier Larvae (Hermetia illucens L.) as a Source of Protein for Livestock Feed. Bioscientific J Biol Biol Educ [Internet]. 2018 Aug 29 [cited 2022 Jan 28];10(2):448–54. Available from: https://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/index.php/biosaintifika/article/view/14422 Liu T, Awasthi MK, Chen H, Duan Y, Awasthi SK, Zhang Z. Performance of black soldier fly larvae (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) for manure composting and production of cleaner compost. J Environment Manage. 2019 Dec 1:251:109593.

Folia Biologica celebrates 70 years of continuous publication of research papers. The first volume was published in Prague in 1954 on behalf of the Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences (since 1990 the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic) under the subtitle “International edition of the journal Czechoslovakian Biology”. Born in the dark days of the Cold War, Folia Biologica provided a thin but important link between the politically controlled science behind the Iron Curtain in the former Czechoslovakia and that of the free Western world. Initially, the journal focused on research papers in the fields of experimental medicine, immunology, virology, and experimental zoology. Since 1961 (Volume 7), Folia Biologica has been indexed in the Web of Science database. The first issue of Volume 7 was introduced by a review article by Peter Brian Medawar (1915–1987), winner of the 1960 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine “for the discovery of acquired immunological tolerance”, which is reprinted in this anniversary issue [1].In the late 1960s, during the political relaxation that culminated in the Prague Spring, cooperation with free Western science intensified and enabled a lively scientific dialogue between Czechoslovak and foreign biological scientists, namely immunologists, molecular biologists, and virologists, as illustrated by a series of original research articles from Folia Biologica by Georg Davis Snell (1903–1996) and Jean Dausset (1916–2009), who were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1980 “for their discoveries concerning genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate immunological reactions”, which led to the discovery of the major histocompatibility system (MHC) [2–7]. Another powerful example is an article in Folia Biologica by François Jacob (1920–2013), who was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1965 for discoveries that helped elucidate the transcriptional control of enzyme levels [8].Despite the years of political repression during the “normalization” period following the invasion of the Warsaw Pact troops into Czechoslovakia in 1968, the scientists and editors of Folia Biologica from the Academy of Sciences were able to maintain vibrant contacts with the world’s leading scientists. In 1981, the journal changed its subtitle to “Journal of Cellular and Molecular Biology”. In 1983, Folia Biologica published the article by Renato Dulbecco (1914–2012), who was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1975 for “discoveries concerning the interaction between tumor viruses and the genetic material of the cell”[9].With further orientation towards human molecular medicine, the journal entered the era after the Velvet Revolution in 1989, which represented the desired end of political control over national science. The interest of Czechoslovak and Czech scientists in publishing in Folia Biologica began to decline at the end of the 1990s, when they had at their disposal the full range of scientific journals from all over the world. Since volume 63 (January 2006), Folia Biologica has been published by the First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, in a fully open access model.With the new decade that begins with this issue, the journal has undergone a series of improvements, including the strengthening of the editorial board, the assignment of a DOI (Digital Object Identifier) number to each article, the improvement of the cover layout and graphics, the innovation of the website, and a more precise definition of the journal’s aim. Folia Biologica now publishes articles describing original research aimed at elucidating a wide range of issues in biomedicine, especially in oncology and human molecular genetics. In addition, the journal focuses on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of disease and provides studies on all organisms, cells and tissues that serve as biological and disease models, as well as clinical and translational research studies. Further improvements towards sustainable and rapid publication will be accomplished by introducing an online-only publication model planned for 2025.To celebrate the 70th anniversary of Folia Biologica, we begin the anniversary volume with the reprint of Sir Peter Brian Medawar’s review. To commemorate the continuing history of the journal, and to thank our predecessors and contributors, we present the title pages, table of contents, and editorial boards of Folia Biologica by decade, illustrating the changes in research focus, human knowledge, and the evolution of the journal.We would like to thank all authors, reviewers, editorial board members, editors and managing editors involved in the journal production in the past decades, namely Ivan Málek, Milan Hašek, Alena Langerová, Josef Říman, Jan Bubeník, Jan Svoboda, Emanual Nečas, Karel Smetana Jr. and Zdeněk Kostrouch, for their commitment and dedication to Folia Biologica.We wish our journal many more decades of scientifically interesting articles, publishing open-minded science by excellent authors for the pleasure of satisfied readers!

<strong>Abstract:</strong><strong> </strong>Equipping teachers to work with neurodiverse learners still deserves focus and has received none when preparing educators to teach at schools. While policies regarding education inclusivity attempt to highlight and address the issue of accessibility, there is still no formal methodology within teacher training courses that focus on how to aid educators in instructing neurodiverse learners. This paper aims to fill that gap by proposing a pedagogical framework of teacher preparedness which integrates universal design for learning (UDL), differentiated instruction, and cognitive psychology. The main goal of the research paper was to examine the existing documents and literature to determine the gaps in traditional forms of education and teacher training programs. This study proposes a new model of systematic education which employs the principles of competency-based education with its requirement of active participation, flexible forms, and the use of assistive devices for evaluation. This framework is designed to resolve the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application, so that new teachers can develop and implement adaptive instruction and inclusive environments. This paper adds to the conversation on inclusive teacher education by providing a clear roadmap for incorporating neurodiversity-responsive teaching methods into teacher training programs. It advocates for curriculum changes that emphasize practical experience and evidence-based approaches, encouraging policymakers and educators to reconsider teacher preparation for a more equitable education system. Future studies should empirically test the suggested framework in various educational environments. <strong>&nbsp;</strong>

Abd-el-salam, E. M., Shawky, A. Y., &amp; El-nahas, T. (2013). The impact of corporate image and reputation on service quality, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty : testing the mediating role. Case analysis in an international service company. 8(1), 130–153. Ahmed, Z., Rizwan, M., Ahmad, M., &amp; Haq, M. (2014). Effect of brand trust and customer satisfaction on brand loyalty in Bahawalpur. Journal of Sociological Research, 5(1), 306–326. https://doi.org/10.5296/jsr.v5i1.6568 Alwie, A. F. (2024). Analysis of Customer Satisfaction with Non-Subsidized Fuel at Pertamina SPBU in Pelalawan Regency–Riau Province. Journal of Ecohumanism, 3(3), 530–543.Ardhiansyah, N., Sri, M. S., &amp; Yunanto, A. (2019). Impact of Brand Trust on Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty. International Conference on Rural Development and Entrepreneurship 2019: Enhancing Small Business and Rural Development Towards Industrial Revolution 4.0, 2(9), 288–293.Azizan, N. S., &amp; Yusr, M. M. (2019). The Influence of Customer Satisfaction, Brand Trust, and Brand Image Towards Customer Loyalty. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Management Practices, 2(7), 93–108. https://doi.org/10.35631/ijemp.270010 Cuong, D. T., &amp; Khoi, B. H. (2019). The relationship between service quality, satisfaction, trust, and customer loyalty was studied in a study of convenience stores in Vietnam. Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems, 11(1 Special Issue), 327–333.Damayanti, C., &amp; Wahyono. (2015). Pengaruh Kualitas Produk, Brand Image Terhadap Loyalitas Dengan Kepuasan Sebagai Variabel Intervening. Management Analysis Journal, 4(3), 236–251.Desiyanti, N. L., Sudja, I. N., &amp; Budi Martini, L. K. (2018). Effect of Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction, Customer Delight and Customer Loyalty (Study on LPD Desa Adat Sembung and LPD Desa Adat Seseh). International Journal of Contemporary Research and Review, 9(03), 20660–20668. https://doi.org/10.15520/ijcrr/2018/9/03/483 Eliba, F., &amp; Zulkarnain. (2017). Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Dan Citra Perusahaan Terhadap Kepuasan Dan Loyalitas Nasabah Pada PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya (Persero) Di Kota Pekanbaru. Jurnal Tepak Manajemen Bisnis, 9(3), 88–104. Fajarianto, B., Lubis, N., &amp; Saryadi, S. (2013). Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Dan Brand Image Terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan Melalui Kepuasan Pelanggan (Studi Kasus Pada Cv. Ahass Sahabat Sejati Motor Tembalang Semarang). Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Bisnis S1 Undip, 2(2), 103079.Fanany, F., &amp; Oetomo, H. W. (2015). Pengaruh Brand Image Dan Service Quality Terhadap Loyalitas Melalui Kepuasan Pelanggan. Jurnal Ilmu &amp; Riset Manajemen, 4(1), 1–21.Fauzi, F., &amp; Putra, P. (2020). Analisis Jalur Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan dan Citra Perusahaan Terhadap Loyalitas Nasabah Melalui Kepuasan Nasabah Sebagai Variabel Intervening di Bank BNI Syariah. 11(1), 33–41.Fida, B. A., Ahmed, U., Al-Balushi, Y., &amp; Singh, D. (2020). Impact of Service Quality on Customer Loyalty and Customer Satisfaction in Islamic Banks in the Sultanate of Oman. SAGE Open, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020919517 Firmansyah, M. A. (2019). Pemasaran Produk dan Merek. Qiara Media.Hasan, A. (2013). Marketing. Media Pressindo.Indrasari, M. (2019). Pemasaran dan Kepuasan Pelanggan. Unitomo Press.Indratriyana, R., Utomo, A., &amp; Nugroho, A. P. (2021). The Influence Of Trust Brand Image And Service Quality On Consumer Satisfaction In Pegadaian Cabang Sragen. AKTUAL : Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 6(1), 47–59.Irfandi, N., Halim, E. H., &amp; Wijayanto, G. (2025). The Impact of Market Orientation, Product Innovation, and Competitive Advantage on the Marketing Performance of Culinary Enterprises: Empirical Study in Kampar Regency, Indonesia. Golden Ratio of Marketing and Applied Psychology of Business, 5(1), 79-94.Kotler, P. (2019). Manajemen Pemasaran. Erlangga.Kotler, P., &amp; Amstrong, G. (2016). Manajemen Pemasaran. PT. Indeks Kelompok Gramedia.Kotler, P., &amp; Keller, K. L. (2016a). Manajemen Pemasaran (Bob Sabran (ed.); Ed 13). Erlangga.Kotler, P., &amp; Keller, K. L. (2016b). Marketing Management Global Edition (Vol. 15E). https://doi.org/10.1080/08911760903022556 Kuswandarini, K. I., &amp; Annisa, A. A. (2021). Analisis pengaruh kualitas layanan, corporate image, dan customer relationship management terhadap loyalitas nasabah dengan kepuasan nasabah sebagai variabel intervening. Journal of Management and Digital Business, 1(1), 37–51. https://doi.org/10.53088/jmdb.v1i1.46 Lupiyoadi, &amp; Hamdani. (2015). Manajemen Pemasaran Jasa. Edisi 2. Andi Offset.Minh, N. V., &amp; Huu, N. H. (2016). The Relationship between Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty : An Investigation in Vietnamese Retail Banking Sector. 8(2), 103–116. https://doi.org/10.7441/joc.2016.02.08 Novianti;, Endri;, &amp; Darlius. (2018). Kepuasan pelanggan memediasi pengaruh kualitas pelayanan dan promosi terhadap loyalitas pelanggan. MIX: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, Volume VIII, No. 1, Feb 2018, VIII(1), 90–108.Nurhidayat, A. I., &amp; Maskur, A. (2022). Pengaruh kualitas layanan dan kepercayaan terhadap kepuasan serta dampaknya pada loyalitas nasabah: Studi kasus pada nasabah pt Pegadaian UPC Kuwu. YUME: Journal of Management, 5(2), 495–507. https://doi.org/10.37531/yume.vxix.343 Pakurár, M., Haddad, H., Nagy, J., Popp, J., &amp; Oláh, J. (2019). The service quality dimensions that affect customer satisfaction in the Jordanian banking sector. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(4), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11041113 Pratama, H., &amp; Suprapto, B. (2017). The Effect of Brand Image, Price, and Brand Awareness on Brand Loyalty: The Rule of Customer Satisfaction as a Mediating Variable. GATR Global Journal of Business Social Sciences Review, 5(2), 52–57. https://doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2017.5.2(9) Putri, L. T., Alwie, A. F., &amp; Wijayanto, G. (2024). Marketing performance model and environment for micro business scale women-preneurs based on competence in the Province of Riau. Journal of Ecohumanism, 3(6), 2140-2149. Putri, L. T., Setiawan, A., Salis, M., &amp; Ali, A. (2024). Membangun Loyalitas Pelanggan: Studi terhadap Kualitas Layanan, Harga, dan Kepuasan Di PT. J &amp; T Ekspress Bangkinang. Jurnal Daya Saing, 10(2), 190-198.Rahmah, P., Rajeng, A. B., &amp; Erpiana. (2020). Pengaruh Dimensi Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Loyalitas Nasabah PT. Pengadaian (Persero) Kantor Cabang Watansoppeng. 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In first article (Heal Talk // Nov-Dec 2023 // Vol-16 // No-2 // Issue-92, Pg No-14-15) of this medico-legal column, readers have seen in brief, general idea about introduction of medico-legal issues. In second article (Heal Talk // Jan-Feb 2024 // Vol-16 // No-3 // Issue-93, Pg No-16-18) of this medico-legal column, we have seen concept and importance of informed consent. Thus the readers understood the subject law and health and also law and medicine. The earlier articles also touched to the various terminologies of laws, rules, regulations, guidelines which governs medico-legal issues in Clinical Dental Practice. Along with the above terminologies it is must to know and understand for each dental practitioner about the concept of Medical Negligence resulting in to doctor's liability in Dental profession.

The multi-volume work Syntax of Dutch presents a synthesis of current thinking on Dutch syntax. The text of the seven already available volumes was written between 1995 and 2015 and issued in print between 2012 and 2016. The various volumes are primarily concerned with the description of the Dutch language and, only where this is relevant, with linguistic theory. They will be an indispensable resource for researchers and advanced students of languages and linguistics interested in the Dutch language. This volume is the final one of the series and addresses issues relating to coordination. It contains three chapters. Chapter 1 discusses the syntactic and semantic properties of coordinate structures and their constituting elements, that is, the coordinators and the coordinands they link. Chapter 2 discusses the types of ellipsis known as conjunction reduction and gapping found in coordinate structures. Chapter 3 discusses elements seemingly exhibiting coordination-like properties, such as dan ‘than’ in comparative constructions like Jan is groter dan zij ‘Jan is taller than she’.

Since its founding in 1943, Medievalia et Humanistica has won worldwide recognition as the first scholarly publication in America to devote itself entirely to medieval and Renaissance studies. Since 1970, a new series, sponsored by the Modern Language Association of America and edited by an international board of distinguished scholars and critics, has published interdisciplinary articles. In yearly hardcover volumes, the new series publishes significant scholarship, criticism, and reviews treating all facets of medieval and Renaissance culture: history, art, literature, music, science, law, economics, and philosophy. Volume 48 is a special issue that presents the outcome of an international workshop (“Transnational Aspects of Early Modern Drama”) held (virtually) at Ruhr-Universität Bochum in June 2021. The conference was hosted by Jan Bloemendal, one of the most distinguished scholars in the field. This volume contains six transnational and/or translingual case studies of early modern theatre and four reviews which cover various epochs, genres and discourses.

The ecology of Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) is dotted by projects of every kind ranging from small desktop applications to large mission critical systems. To enable maximum visibility among the developer community, these projects are often hosted in community project management portals. The current work studies one such portal, sourceforge.net by analyzing the data of 200,000 projects and 2 million developers for the period Feb 2005 to Aug 2009. The scope of the present study includes the analysis of developer contribution. The slow growth rate of developer community and high number of single developer projects are the major findings of the present work.

Starting from February 2020, Italy was the first among the European countries, to experience dramatic rises in daily COVID-19 deaths and contagions. An important aspect that distinguished the first COVID-19 wave (Feb-Jun 2020) from the following waves of infection in Italy was the sheer imbalance, in terms of deaths and contagion, between Northern and Southern regions of the country. Despite the fact that the South was far less hit by the disease, a series of narratives that associated the spread of the epidemic with some sort of Southern infector started to appear, conveyed by social media posts, news pieces, talk shows, and even football banners. In this chapter, there is an attempt to identify and critically analyse the discourses that inscribe a characteristic “Southernification” of the pandemic in Italy, that is a partial and symbolic attempt to (1) discursively transfer the infection to the South; and/or (2) hand over the responsibilities that are behind the particularly violent first wave of infections in the country to Southern communities, polities, and cultural practices.

Een van de productiefste vertalers Deens-Nederlands in de periode 1960-1990 was Jan de Zanger. Jan Ferdinand de Zanger werd geboren op 4 juli 1932 in Schiedam. Al vroeg in zijn leven kwam hij in aanraking met Scandinavië. Na de bevrijding van Nederland werd hij in augustus 1945 als ondervoed jongetje naar een boerderij in Jutland gestuurd om aan te sterken.1 Tijdens zijn middelbareschooltijd en daarna bracht hij bijna al zijn vakanties door in Denemarken, later ook in Noorwegen en Zweden. Tijdensdie vakanties leerde hij perfect Deens. Na de middelbare school koos hij verrassenderwijs voor een andere taalstudie, namelijk Nederlands. Vanaf 1957 werkte hij als docent Nederlands,2 maar de Scandinavische talen bleven trekken. Zijn eerste vertaling kwam uit in 1961 en hij zou in totaal meer dan zestig werken vertalen, uit het Deens, Noors, Zweeds en Duits. Zijn vertaaloeuvre was heel breed en omvatte zowel non-fictieboeken als romans van bekende auteurs, zoals de Deen Klaus Rifbjerg (1931-2015). Ook bestaat een deel van zijn vertaaloeuvre uit gedichten en jeugdliteratuur. Zelf werd hij ook bekend als auteur van jeugdboeken.

The technologies have increased the role of IT in evolving the path for the future. A sense of belonging and significance to the market is felt by current industries. Procurement, assembly, and supply were affected by the digital revolt that has swept the world. Now machine learning is a hot area among scholars and industry professionals. Two decades ago, there were few publications of machine learning and supply chain management. SCM-related ML application research hasn't been thoroughly examined in the literature till date with respect to the Indian steel industry. As a result, this study examined articles from Jan. 2010 to Dec. 2020 in five major databases to present the latest research trends. A quantitative analysis of 112 shortlisted articles revealed that there were not enough publications to form a strong group force in this field. This study's comprehensive look at ML techniques used in SCM will help future research. A true reflection of today's industries, the chapter accurately reflects prospects to express feelings, thoughts, and contribute to future industries.

This chapter describes the relationship between the Organisation pour l’Harmonisation en Afrique du Droit des Affaires (OHADA; the Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa) and the Hague Principles. OHADA is an African supranational organization which was created on October 17, 1993. As per the Preamble and Article 1 of the OHADA Treaty, OHADA aims at creating simple, modern, and harmonized business law rules in Africa. To achieve this goal, OHADA has five institutions: (i) the Conference of Heads of State and Government; (ii) the Council of Ministers; (iii) the Common Court of Justice and Arbitration; (iv) the Regional Training Centre for Legal Officers; and (v) the Permanent Secretariat. Uniform Acts are the main instrument of OHADA. To understand the rules governing choice of law in commercial international contracts under OHADA law, it is important to examine the relation between the acts of OHADA (Uniform Acts and regulations) and the domestic law of the Member States. Meanwhile, there is no uniform codification of private international law under OHADA law. The chapter then explains that the Working Group on the Preliminary Draft Uniform Act on the Law of Obligations in the OHADA Region in 2015 did not use the Hague Principles, and why this omission should be reversed.

Bronquiolite Viral Em Pediatria: Relato De Caso e Abordagem Emergencial Alice Maria De Paiva Medeiros1 , Carlos Vinicius Duarte Feitosa2 1Estácio IDOMED - Campus Quixadá, 2Estácio IDOMED – Campus Quixadá alicemariapaiva@outlook.com.br RESUMO A bronquiolite viral é uma infecção respiratória comum em lactentes, frequentemente causada pelo Vírus Sincicial Respiratório (VSR). Este estudo relata o caso de um bebê hospitalizado com desconforto respiratório significativo, tratado com suporte respiratório, broncodilatador (fenoterol - Berotec) e corticoide sistêmico (prednisolona), resultando em melhora clínica. Apesar da controvérsia sobre o uso de corticoides na bronquiolite, a prednisolona reduziu a inflamação das vias aéreas. A amoxicilina foi prescrita preventivamente, mesmo sem confirmação de infecção bacteriana secundária. O paciente apresentou melhora progressiva, com normalização da gasometria e estabilização respiratória, permitindo a alta hospitalar após 48 horas. O acompanhamento ambulatorial foi recomendado para monitoramento da evolução. O caso destaca a necessidade de individualização do tratamento na bronquiolite, considerando a gravidade do quadro e a importância do suporte precoce. PALAVRAS-CHAVE Bronquiolite. Infecção viral. Suporte Respiratório. ÁREA TEMÁTICA Emergência Respiratória. INTRODUÇÃO A bronquiolite viral é uma das principais causas de hospitalização de crianças menores de dois anos, especialmente nos meses mais frios do ano, quando os vírus respiratórios, como o vírus sincicial respiratório (VSR), tornam-se mais prevalentes. A aflição é caracterizada pela inflamação acentuada e obstrução dos bronquíolos, dando origem a dificuldades respiratórias significativas. Embora a bronquiolite seja auto-limitada em muitos casos, em outros, pode progredir para insuficiência respiratória severa. O presente relato de caso descreve a evolução clínica de um paciente com diagnóstico de bronquiolite viral, salientando a necessidade de uma abordagem rápida e eficaz no manejo de emergência. Ademais, esta peça discute a importância do diagnóstico precoce, terapias preconizadas e indicação de hospitalização e acompanhamento da bronquiolite viral. OBJETIVOS Esse artigo científico propõe expor um caso de Bronquiolite Viral de um paciente pediátrico, destacando-se uma abordagem emergencial e as condutas a serem feitas, buscando discutir os desafios no diagnóstico precoce da bronquiolite viral, uma vez que os sintomas iniciais podem ser facilmente confundidos com infecções respiratórias mais comuns. Além disso, busca-se analisar as estratégias terapêuticas utilizadas, incluindo o uso de suporte ventilatório não invasivo e o papel do oxigênio suplementar, destacando a importância de um manejo individualizado conforme a gravidade da doença. METODOLOGIA A metodologia descrita neste relato de caso segue uma abordagem detalhada do atendimento clínico, diagnóstico e manejo terapêutico de uma criança com bronquiolite viral. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de uma análise retrospectiva, utilizando informações clínicas obtidas durante o atendimento na unidade de emergência, bem como os exames complementares realizados. Os critérios de exclusão foram: Artigos duplicados, artigos que não estavam em conformidade com o tema e estudos que não atendiam aos demais critérios de seleção. RELATO DE CASO Lactante de 4 meses, 6kg, foi levado a emergência após 5 dias do início de um resfriado com sintomas de febre considerada baixa, cansaço, chiado no peito, dificuldade respiratória, lábios arroxeados e dificuldades para mamar. Ao ser realizado o exame físico apresentava-se gemente, com batimento de asa de nariz, acianótico, com tiragem intercostal e retração subcostal, estertores grosseiros esparsos e sibilos expiratórios disseminados. Fígado e baço palpáveis (decorrente da hiperinsuflação). A radiografia torácica (RxT) demonstrou um rebaixamento das cúpulas diafragmáticas e hiperinsuflação bilateral, o Hemograma declarou uma resposta inespecífica, Leucograma elevado e Gasometria arterial com hipoxemia e aumento na PCO2. O bebê foi mantido em observação, com a suspensão do aleitamento materno, oxigênio via cateter nasal e NBZ-3ml de soro fisiológico e Berotec (5 gotas) de 20/20 minutos em uma hora. Após o primeiro ciclo, a criança demonstrou melhora do cansaço mas com a permanência da sibilância, com a conduta seguinte sendo internação Prednisolona, Amoxicilina e a liberação da amamentação. DISCUSSÃO A bronquiolite viral em lactentes pode causar obstrução das vias respiratórias menores e levar a complicações respiratórias sérias quando provocada pelo VSR (vírus sincicial respiratório). Os sintomas comuns incluem chiado no peito ao respirar (sibilância), dificuldade para se alimentar (mamar), pele ou lábios azulados devido à falta de oxigênio (cianose) e sinais de uma maior quantidade de ar nos pulmões do que o normal (hiperinsuflação pulmonar). Os resultados da radiografia do tórax e dos testamentos gasosos são importantes para confirmar o problema respiratório e ajudam no planejamento do tratamento adequado. O resultado do tratamento com o medicamento broncodilatador Berotec foi em parte positivo: aliviou o cansativo sintoma de falta de ar mas não eliminou por completo o chiado no peito persistente. O uso de corticoide com prednisolona mostrou-se efetivo na redução da inflamação das vias respiratórias apesar de haver controvérsias quanto à sua eficácia no caso de bronquiolite, nomeadamente em situações simples Em relação ao bebê, a intervenção precoce o uso combinado de suporte respiratório junto com fármacos contribuíram para uma rápida melhora do quadro clínico. Embora tenha sido prescrita amoxicilina no tratamento da bronquiolite viral é recomendado cautela no uso de antibióticos nesses casos e sua indicação é principalmente considerada quando há suspeita de uma infecção bacteriana secundária presente na situação clínica do paciente em questão não foi confirmada tal infecção mas a decisão de iniciar o tratamento com antibióticos pode ter sido adotada como medida preventiva dada a gravidade do quadro clínico apresentado pelo paciente. RESULTADOS Após entrada no hospital, o paciente melhorou com o tempo. Ele obteve menos problemas para respirar, como a tiragem e a sibilância. O uso de prednisolona ajudou a reduzir a inflamação das vias aéreas, e a amoxicilina foi mantida devido à suspeita de infecção bacteriana secundária, apesar de uma bronquiolite por vírus ser a razão maior do problema. O paciente foi monitorado com exames periódicos de gasometria, que demostraram gradual normalização dos níveis de PO2 e diminuição da PCO2. A criança foi liberada para amamentação após estabilização clínica, e a oxigenação foi mantida dentro dos parâmetros adequados durante o restante da internação. A resposta ao tratamento foi satisfatória, com alta hospitalar após 48 horas, com acompanhamento ambulatorial agendado para monitoramento da evolução. CONCLUSÃO A bronquiolite viral continua sendo um desafio no manejo clínico de lactentes, exigindo uma abordagem individualizada conforme a gravidade do quadro. No caso apresentado, a combinação de suporte respiratório, broncodilatadores e corticoide sistêmico contribuiu para a melhora progressiva do paciente, apesar da controvérsia sobre o uso de corticoides na bronquiolite. A prescrição de antibióticos sem confirmação de infecção bacteriana secundária ressalta a necessidade de critérios rigorosos para evitar o uso desnecessário desses fármacos. A resposta favorável ao tratamento permitiu alta hospitalar precoce e demonstra a importância da intervenção rápida e do monitoramento contínuo. Este caso reforça a necessidade de mais pesquisas sobre o impacto do uso de corticoides e antibióticos nesses casos, ademais, é crucial ressaltar a abordagem diagnóstica clínica e a importância do diagnóstico diferencial, além de enfatizar a necessidade de suporte terapêutico. PRINCIPAIS REFERÊNCIAS MARGOTTO, P. CASO CLÍNICO: BRONQUIOLITE. Disponível em: &lt;http://paulomargotto.com.br/caso-clinico-bronquiolite/&gt;. Acesso em: 1 fev. 2025. PERALES, José G. Doenças Respiratórias na Infância. Rio de Janeiro: GEN Guanabara Koogan, 2016. E-book. p.162. ISBN 9788595155299. Acesso em: 2 fev. 2025. Bronquiolite aguda. Disponível em: &lt;https://www.sbp.com.br/especiais/pediatria-parafamilias/doencas/bronquiolite-aguda/&gt;. Acesso em: 5 feb. 2025.

Table of Contents Preface ..............................................................................................................iii Committee V.1: Accidental Limit States .......................................................1 Bruce Quinton; Gaetano De Luca; Topan Firmandha; Mihkel Körgesaar; Hervé Le Sourne; Ken Nahshon; Gabriele Notaro; Kourosh Parsa; Smiljko Rudan; Katsuyuki Suzuki; Osiris Valdez Banda; CareyWalters; Deyu Wang; Zhaolong Yu Committee V.2: Experimental Methods ......................................................91 Soren Ehlers (Chair); Nagi Abdussamie; Kim Branner; ShiXiao Fu; Martijn Hoogeland; Kari Kolari; Paul Lara; Constantine Michailides; Hideaki Murayama; Cesare Rizzo; Jung Kwan Seo; Patrick Kaeding Committee V.3: Materials and Fabrication Technology ..........................163 Lennart Josefson (Chair); Konstantinos Anyfantis; Bianca de Carvalho Pinheiro; Bai-Qiao Chen; Pingsha Dong; Nicole Ferrari; Koji Gotoh; James Huang; Matthias Krause; Kun Liu; Stephane Paboeuf; Stephen van Duin; Fang Wang; Albert Zamarin Committee V.4: Offshore Renewable Energy ...........................................241 Atanasios Kolios (Chair); Kyong-Hwan Kim; Chen Hsing Cheng; Elif Oguz; Pablo Morato; Freeman Ralph; Chuang Fang; Chunyan Ji; Marc Le Boulluec; Thomas Choisnet; Luca Greco; Tomoaki Utsunomiya; Kourosh Rezanejad; Charles Rawson; Jose Miguel Rodrigues Committee V.5: Special Vessels ................................................................313 Darren Truelock (Chair); Jason Lavroff; Dustin Pearson; Zbigniew (Jan) Czaban; Hanbing Luo; Fuhua Wang; Ivan Catipovic; Ermina Begovic; Yukichi Takaoka; Claudia Loureiro; Chang Yong Song; Esther Garcia; Alexander Egorov; Jean-Baptiste Souppez; Pradeep Sensharma; Rachel Nicholls-Lee Committee V.6: Ocean Space Utilization ..................................................379 Sebastian Schreier (Chair); Felice Arena; Harry Bingham; Nuno Fonseca; Zhiqiang Hu; Debabrata Karmakar; Ekaterina Kim; Hui Li; Pengfei Liu; Motohiko Murai; Spiro J Pahos; Chao Tian; George Wang Committee V.7: Structural Longevity ........................................................445 Iraklis Lazakis (Chair); Bernt Leira; Nianzhong Chen; Geovana Drumond; Chi-Fang Lee; Paul Jurisic; Bin Liu; Alysson Mondoro; Pooria Pahlavan; Xinghua Shi; Ha Cheol Song; Tadashi Sugimura; Christian Jochum; Tommaso Coppola Committee V.8: Subsea Technology ..........................................................503 Agnes Marie Horn (Chair); Tauhid Rahman; Ilson Pasqualino; Menglan Duan; Zhuang Kang; Michael Rye Andersen; Yoshihiro Konno; Chunsik Shim; Angelo Teixeira; Selda Oterkus; Blair Thornton; Brajendra Mishra Subject Index .............................................................................................582 Author Index ...............................................................................................584

The aim of this paper is to shed light on the effects of the crises on the SMEs and to identify the strategies that have proved resilient. The analyses are based on two representative surveys on Hungarian SMEs – the first conducted just after the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in May of 2020, while second during the energy crisis and the Ukrainian war in 2022. The results show that although almost half of the SMEs’ operation were affected by COVID-19 after the first wave in 2020, they focused on retaining their employees. In addition, companies that were better prepared (e.g. with a contingency plan) and those that were in a better situation before the pandemic were able to react more smoothly to the new situation or even benefit from it. Nonetheless, firms did not have enough capacity to engage in digitalisation projects. In the case of the war in Ukraine, the logistic regression model shows that the effect on firms are affected by (1) the previous situation of the business, (2) the available business opportunities, (3) the respondent’s opinion on the significance of luck in business success, and (4) the change in the amount of bank loans.

Introdução: Os Herpesvírus Humano (HHVs) pertencem à família Herpesviridae e estão relacionados aos quadros de herpes no homem. Os HHVs são divididos em oito subgrupos, porém os tipos HHV-1 (está geralmente associado a herpes labial ou situadas acima da cintura) e HHV-2 (é frequentemente associado ao herpes vaginal) são os mais prevalentes. Objetivo: Analisar o número de internações e óbitos causados pelos HHVs nas diferentes regiões do Brasil, entre janeiro de 2014 e janeiro de 2022. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e retrospectivo, através da análise do banco de dados do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do SUS (SIH/SUS) do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil (DATASUS). Considerou-se a classificação Internacional de Doenças (CID-10), capítulo I. Os critérios de elegibilidade foram: pessoas de ambos os sexos, sem restrição de idade e raças declaradas. Resultados: Verificou-se um total de casos notificados na plataforma de 11.060 internações e 88 óbitos, nas cinco regiões do Brasil no período de janeiro de 2014 a janeiro de 2022. A região de maior índice de internação foi a Sudeste, com 4.095 (37,0%), e de menor taxa a região Norte, com 894 (8,1%). Quanto a variável óbitos, observou-se também destaques para a região Sudeste 42 (47,7%) e Norte 2 (2,3%), esta última com menor índice. Considerando-se a variável sexo, identificou-se maior prevalência em mulheres, tanto na internação quanto no número de óbitos, 1.355 e 8 casos, respectivamente. Tal fato pode estar associado a transmissão sexual dos HHVs mais eficiente dos homens para as mulheres, as quais apresentam maiores índices de infecção. Conclusão: Apesar dos casos de HHVs serem clinicamente simples, verifica-se um número elevado de internações e óbitos associados, principalmente na região Sudeste. Desse modo, necessita-se que medidas de prevenção sejam intensificadas, visto que esta doença pode ficar latente durante anos e uma vez infectado, o individuo configura fonte vitalícia de transmissão. O diagnóstico clínico e tratamento devem ser adotados visando a limitação do número de casos e internações decorrentes.

Objetivo: Avaliar microbiologicamente superfícies de colchões de diferentes leitos clínicos de um hospital público. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com coleta de dados em superfícies de colchões das enfermarias adulto e pediátrica e box de urgência e emergência. As amostras foram coletadas pelo swab stuart e, em seguida, semeadas nos meios de culturas. Após o crescimento antimicrobiano, foi realizada a identificação delas por meio dos kits e das provas bioquímicas, como também a realização do antibiograma e da análise de perfil de sensibilidade. Conclusão: Conclui-se que Klebsiella penumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii e Pseudomonas aeruginosa foram os microrganismos mais encontrados em colchões de leitos hospitalares, os quais são resistentes a vários tipos de antibióticos, sendo capazes de sobreviver nessas superfícies. Referência: 1. Kim SH, Kim GR, Kim EY, Jeong J, Kim S, Shin JH. Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales from hospital environment and their relation to those from patient specimens. J Infect Public Health. 2022 Feb; 15(2): 241-44. 2. Hooker EA. Disinfecting hospital beds and mattresses: a time for change. Rev Eslsevier: Am J Infect Control. 2021; 49(10): 1341. doi: 0.1016/j.ajic.2021.07.020.

Objetivo: Efetuar análise temporal (2016 a 2021) de aspectos epidemiológicos e clínicos de processos infecciosos causados por espécies de Mycobacterium, em pacientes atendidos em um laboratório clínico de Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais. Método: Dados como idade, sexo e origem dos participantes, bem como etiologia da infecção, foram obtidos a partir de consulta em prontuário eletrônico. A etiologia foi determinada a partir de cultura utilizando ágar Lowenstein Jensen, com posterior caracterização da espécie de Mycobacterium por meio de reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR). Conclusão: Devido a sua presença constante no meio ambiente, é importante distinguir a colonização transitória em relação à doença ativa após a constatação da presença de MNT. Este estudo alerta para o potencial de contágio das micobactérias na comunidade, especialmente entre os indivíduos jovens. Outros estudos envolvendo o significado clínico do aumento da taxa de isolamento de MNT de amostras clínicas para melhor compreender as mudanças na epidemiologia dessas bactérias e seu impacto na prática clínica são necessários. Referências: 1. Al-Mutairi NM, Ahmad S, Mokaddas EM. Molecular characterization of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) isolates identifies local transmission of infection in Kuwait, a country with a low incidence of TB and MDR-TB. Eur J Med Res. 2019; 24(1): 38. doi: 10.1186/s40001-019-0397-2. Erratum in: Eur J Med Res. 2020 Apr 21;25(1):14. PMID: 31806020; PMCID: PMC6894303. 2. López-Roa P, Aznar E, Cacho J et al. Epidemiologyof non-Tuberculous mycobacteria isolated from clinical specimens in Madrid, Spain, from 2013 to 2017. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2020; 39(6): 1089-94. doi: 10.1007/s10096-020-03826-7. Epub 2020 Jan 24. PMID: 31980987.

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of strong ground motion data acquired to better explain the extensive damage observed after the February 6th, 2023, Kahramanmaras, SE Turkey earthquakes (Mw 7.8 and Mw 7.6). As spectrum intensity values computed using response spectra of a ground motion are closely correlated with building damage, special emphasis is given on some engineering intensities of these records. As such, peak ground acceleration (PGA), peak ground velocity (PGV), peak ground displacement (PGD), efficient duration, Arias intensity (Ia) and Housner’s spectrum intensity (SI) are obtained and compared with the past earthquakes occurred in or nearby Turkey. Additionally, selected acceleration-displacement response spectra and inelastic earthquake spectra are generated for various damping ratios and ductility levels (µ=1~8) for several cities that were primarily affected by the earthquakes. The spectral values are compared with the design earthquake spectra provided by the both past (after 1975) and current Seismic Codes. Particularly, in regions where reports of widespread building damage was prevalent, this comparison revealed substantial discrepancies between the demand and code-based design spectra. Numerical results indicate that since the recorded ground accelerations are far beyond the recommended ones proposed in the Turkey Building Earthquake Code (TBEC, 2018), higher seismic demands are obtained particularly for buildings with a fundamental period range until 2 seconds. Poor soil conditions contributed to damage by magnifying the seismic demands. The recorded peak accelerations were considerably high, resulting in severe structural damage, particularly in RC buildings with substandard columns (i.e. with high axial load and shear demand) and in masonry buildings (both historic and non-historic). Inelastic response spectra of buildings with shorter periods showed large fluctuations, suggesting that these structures were subjected to severe shaking. Computed spectrum intensities for some stations are multiple times larger than the ones calculated for the past earthquakes, justifying such huge devastation. Keywords: Turkey Earthquake Doublet, Strong Ground Motion Characteristics, Inelastic response spectra.

INTRODUCCIÓN El uso de cocaína puede generar alteraciones psicomotrices (1). Sin embargo, hay pocos estudios sobre el uso conjunto de cocaína-heroína (speedball) y las alteraciones psicomotrices inducidas de forma aguda en una sala de reducción de daños (2,3). OBJETIVOS Analizar las diferencias psicopatológicas psicomotrices entre el uso agudo de cocaína y de cocaína-heroína en una sala de venopunción. MÉTODOS Este es un estudio observacional realizado en una sala de venopunción entre el 01/01/2009 y 31/05/2021. Se analizaron las diferencias sociodemográficas básicas y variables psicomotrices en función del uso agudo de cocaína o cocaína-heroína intravenosa. Análisis univariantes y bivariantes fueron realizados por cada consumo y no por información individual. RESULTADOS De 3707 episodios de venopunción asistida en la sala, 1079 correspondían a uso de cocaína y 77 a cocaína –heroína (el resto eran usos de heroína). Hay diferencias sociodemográficas y psicopatológicas de carácter motriz entre el uso de cocaína y cocaína-heroína (Tabla 1). CONCLUSIONES El uso concomitante de heroína en usuarios de cocaína podría generar diferencias a nivel psicopatológico. REFERENCIAS 1. Maremmani AG et al. Substance abuse and psychosis. The strange case of opioids. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2014;18(3):287-302. 2. Leri F, Bruneau J, Stewart J. Understanding polydrug use: review of heroin and cocaine co-use. Addiction. 2003 Jan;98(1):7-22. doi: 10.1046/j.1360-0443.2003.00236.x. 3. Roncero C et al. Psychotic symptoms of cocaine self-injectors in a harm reduction program. Subst Abus. 2013;34(2):118-21. doi: 10.1080/08897077.2012.691446.

&lt;title&gt;ABSTRACT&lt;/title&gt; &lt;p&gt;The DoD Digital Engineering Strategy [&lt;xref rid="R1" ref-type="bibr"&gt;1&lt;/xref&gt;] released in June 2018 outlined the DoD’s strategic goals which “promote the use of digital artifacts as a technical means of communication across a diverse set of stakeholders” In addition to build, test, field and sustainment of defense systems, emphasis was placed on the acquisition and procurement of systems and the importance of digital engineering. This was further reinforced in the Feb 2022 release of the Engineering of Defense Systems Guidebook [&lt;xref rid="R2" ref-type="bibr"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;] which contains Digital Engineering sections in each chapter. The norm for Systems Engineering has become Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) in which models are used at all phases of development. To complete the digital thread from concept to disposal, models will be required for the acquisition phase. This paper will describe Model-Based Acquisition (MBAcq), and how it can be used to increase clarity compliance and understanding in Capability Systems and Software Acquisition for ground vehicles.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;bold&gt;Citation:&lt;/bold&gt; M. Hause, L. Hart “Model-Based Acquisition: Increasing Clarity, Compliance and Understanding In Product Acquisition” In &lt;italic&gt;Proceedings of the Ground Vehicle Systems Engineering and Technology Symposium&lt;/italic&gt; (GVSETS), NDIA, Novi, MI, Aug. 16-18, 2022.&lt;/p&gt;

Objetivo: Identificar os fatores pré-analíticos envolvidos na dosagem de ferro, ferritina, IST e CTLF, como ritmo circadiano, prática de atividade física e realização ou não de jejum para minimizar as possíveis variações associadas. Método: Foram selecionados 80 voluntários adultos, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 18 e 60 anos para participarem da pesquisa. A coleta das amostras foi realizada no laboratório, e os voluntários foram submetidos a quatro coletas de sangue. Após as coletas, as amostras foram mantidas sob refrigeração entre 2ºC e 8ºC; em seguida, elas foram transportadas até o laboratório. A dosagem de ferro sérico, ferritina, índice de saturação da transferrina e capacidade total de ligação do ferro foi realizada pelo método colorimétrico enzimático, e de ferritina, pelo método de imunoturbidimetria. Conclusão: O presente estudo possibilitou identificar duas variáveis analíticas que influenciam nos valores do ferro sérico, como o jejum e o ciclo circadiano. Referências: 1. Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Ali M, Willan A, McIlroy W, Patterson C. Laboratory diagnosis of iron-deficiency anemia. J Gen Intern Med. 1992 Mar; 7(2): 145-53. 2. Lippi G, Becan-McBride K, Behúlová D, Bowen RA, et al. Preanalytical quality improvement: in quality we trust. Clin Chem Lab Med (CCLM) [Internet]. 2013 Jan 1; 51(1): 229-41. Disponível em: https://www.degruyter.com/view/journals/cclm/51/1/articlep229.xml?tab_body=abstract. 3. Dale JC, Burritt MF, Zinsmeister AR. Diurnal variation of serum iron, iron-binding capacity, transferrin saturation, and ferritin levels. Am J Clin Pathol [Internet]. 2002 May 1 [citado em 23 fev 2021]; 117(5): 802-8. Disponível em: https://academic.oup.com/ajcp/article/117/5/802/1758685?login=true. 4. Høyer K. Physiologic variations in the iron content of human blood serum. Acta Med Scandinavica. 2009;119(6): 562-76.

The gas crisis has fed through to a huge impact on wholesale electricity prices in Britain. We use hourly price and generation data to estimate the impact on associated revenues to different types of generators. Given the extent of forward contracting, we complement simple results based on the day-ahead prices (“Case 1”) with a more realistic case based on a representative, technology-specific assumptions on forward contracts (“Case 2”). We estimate that revenues to GB generators rose by almost £30bn, from about £20.5bn/yr (pre- Covid) to £49.5bn in 2022. About 70% of this accrued to gas generators (from about £6bn/yr to £19bn) and renewable generators with Renewable Obligation Certification (from £7.7bn to £15.5bn). There are various indications that the increase in revenues to gas plants significantly exceeded the rise in their input costs, and no reason to think the generating cost of these renewables significantly increased. Nuclear, and some other biomass and renewables also benefited. We find that the Electricity Generation Levy, introduced in Jan 2023, would have had limited impact on these numbers if it had existed in 2022 and is likely to have less impact in 2023. Finally, we discuss reasons and potential implications of the findings.

Objectives. This systematic review evaluates the rehabilitation interventions for patients who have undergone (or will undergo) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or total hip arthroplasty (THA) for the treatment of osteoarthritis. We addressed four Key Questions (KQs): comparisons of (1) rehabilitation prior (“prehabilitation”) to TKA versus no prehabilitation, (2) comparative effectiveness of different rehabilitation programs after TKA, (3) prehabilitation prior to THA versus no prehabilitation, (4) comparative effectiveness of different rehabilitation programs after THA. Data sources and review methods. We searched Medline®, PsycINFO®, Embase®, the Cochrane Register of Clinical Trials, CINAHL®, Scopus®, and ClinicalTrials.gov from Jan 1, 2005, to May 3, 2021, to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and adequately adjusted nonrandomized comparative studies (NRCSs). We evaluated clinical outcomes selected with input from a range of stakeholders. We assessed the risk of bias and evaluated the strength of evidence (SoE) using standard methods. Meta-analysis was not feasible, and evidence was synthesized and reported descriptively. The PROSPERO protocol registration number is CRD42020199102. Results. We found 78 RCTs and 5 adjusted NRCSs. Risk of bias was moderate to high for most studies. • KQ 1: Compared with no prehabilitation, prehabilitation prior to TKA may increase strength and reduce length of hospital stay (low SoE) but may lead to comparable results in pain, range of motion (ROM), and activities of daily living (ADL) (low SoE). There was no evidence of an increased risk of harms due to prehabilitation (low SoE). • KQ 2: Various rehabilitation interventions after TKA may lead to comparable improvements in pain, ROM, and ADL (low SoE). Rehabilitation in the acute phase (initiated within 2 weeks of surgery) may lead to increased strength (low SoE) but result in similar strength when delivered in the post-acute phase (low SoE). No studies reported evidence of risk of harms due to rehabilitation delivered in the acute period following TKA. Compared with various controls, post-acute rehabilitation may not increase the risk of harms (low SoE). • KQ 3: For all assessed outcomes, there is insufficient (or no) evidence addressing the comparison between prehabilitation and no prehabilitation prior to THA. • KQ 4: Various rehabilitation interventions after THA may lead to comparable improvements in pain, strength, ADL, and quality of life. There is some evidence of no increased risk of harms due to the intervention (low SoE). • There is insufficient evidence regarding which patients may benefit from (p)rehabilitation for all KQs and insufficient evidence regarding comparisons of different providers and different settings of (p)rehabilitation for all KQs. There is insufficient evidence on costs of (p)rehabilitation and no evidence on cost effectiveness for all KQs. Conclusion. Despite the large number of studies found, the evidence regarding various prehabilitation programs and comparisons of rehabilitation programs for TKA and THA is ultimately sparse. This is a result of the diversity of interventions studied and outcomes reported across studies. As a result, the evidence is largely insufficient or of low SoE. New high-quality research is needed, using standardized intervention terminology and core outcome sets, especially to allow network meta-analyses to explore the impact of intervention attributes on patient-reported, performance-based, and healthcare-utilization outcomes.