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Books on the topic 'Vowel system'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Dinka vowel system. Dallas, TX: Summer Institute of Linguistics, 1988.

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2

The phonetics and phonology of contrast: The case of the Romanian vowel system. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, 2014.

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3

Boer, Bart De. The origins of vowel systems. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.

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4

Markedness and faithfulness in vowel systems. New York: Routledge, 2005.

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5

The vowel systems of five Iranian Balochi dialects. Uppsala: Uppsala Universitet, 2012.

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6

Miglio, Viola. Interactions between markedness and faithfulness constraints in vowel systems. New York: Routledge, 2003.

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7

Müller, Ernst-August. Standard Vowel Systems of English, German, and Dutch: Variation in Norm. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 2012.

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8

Baban, Şêrko. Minimized phonology and phonetic system insertion. Erbil: Journal of Kurdish Linguistics (Zmannasi), 2015.

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9

Pukhanŏ moŭm chʻegye ŭi sirhŏm ŭmsŏnghakchŏk yŏnʼgu =: The experimental study of North Korean vowel systems. Sŏul Tʻŭkpyŏlsi: Hanʼguk Munhwasa, 2001.

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10

Korn, Robert. Das System der Vokalphoneme der schwäbischen Mundart in Kazachstan: Entwicklungsbesonderheiten unter den Bedingungen fremdsprachiger Umgebung. Stuttgart: F. Steiner, 1995.

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11

A new Hebrew grammar: Composed principally without points, but containing a brief explanation of the Masoretic system, and exhibiting the respective powers of the punctuary vowels and accents. London: William Tegg, 1986.

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12

Chandra, Saurabh, ed. SOCRATES (Vol 2, No 2 (2014): ISSUE - JUNE). 2nd ed. India: SOCRATES : SCHOLARLY RESEARCH JOURNAL, 2014.

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13

Gambarage, Joash J. Unmasking the Bantu Orthographic Vowels. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190256340.003.0019.

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Bantu vowel phonemes are reflexes of the Proto-Bantu seven-vowel system /*i *ɪ * ε‎ *a *ɔ *ʊ *u/. While lax high vowels were supplanted in some systems because of vowel mergers in the first two degrees /*i *ɪ/ and /*u *ʊ/, lax mid vowels / ε‎ ɔ/ are attested across most Bantu languages either underlyingly or at surface. Widespread use of roman orthographic vowels has left the phonemic status of mid vowels fuzzy. Here the orthography is treated as a “mask” disguising the phonetic quality of vowels, to be “unmasked” with the help of proper documentation and description. With examples from endangered Bantu languages of Tanzania and from Swahili current vowel documentation methodologies and theoretical approaches for unmasking are discussed. The distribution of mid vowels is characterized with a theory of markedness which contributes to understanding why lax mid vowels may be either triggers or targets of harmony and why a low vowel may be opaque or transparent to harmony.
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14

Wilson, Judith, and Sandra Galst. Vowel Power: A Word Attack System Level I. Word Power Systems, 1989.

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15

Wilson, Judith, and Sandra Galst. Vowel Power: A Word Attack System Level II. Word Power Systems, 1989.

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16

Ghavami, Golnaz Modarresi. Phonetics. Edited by Anousha Sedighi and Pouneh Shabani-Jadidi. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198736745.013.4.

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This chapter discusses the articulatory and acoustic properties of the sound system of Standard Modern Persian. It starts with a brief review of early work on the sound system of New Persian and its development into Modern Persian. The second section examines consonants and vowels in Standard Modern Persian. In this section, issues such as place and manner of articulation of consonants, Voice Onset Time and its importance in distinguishing voiced and voiceless obstruents, the acoustics of glottal consonants, sibilant and non-sibilant fricatives, and rhotics are discussed. The section on vowels addresses vowel space, vowel length, and the acoustics of diphthongs in Standard Modern Persian. The phonetics of the suprasegmental features of stress and intonation are the topic a final section in this chapter.
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17

van der Hulst, Harry. Summary and areas for further research. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813576.003.0011.

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This chapter summarizes the theory and the typology of the vowel harmony systems it predicts. The summary recaptures the simple idea that formed the beginning of the theory (including the use of variable elements and licensing) and then summarizes how the use of variable elements was extended to include both vowels that alternate harmonically and neutral vowels. A special section is devoted to the notion of system dependency which discusses cases of parasitic harmony, including approaches that extend this notion beyond the cases that have been analyzed in this book. The chapter concludes with suggestions for further research.
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18

Davies, David Stephen. Manual of Sonography or the Longhand-Shorthand: A New Joined-Vowel Script System of Phonetic Shorthand. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.

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19

Sears, Rolla Gilbert. Some Modifications of the Hebrew Vowel System As Found in the Massoretic Text of the Old Testament. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.

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20

CVC Word Families : Cut, Spell and Paste: A Fun System for Learning over 100 Consonant-Vowel-Consonant Words. Independently Published, 2020.

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21

Embarki, Mohamed. Phonetics. Edited by Jonathan Owens. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199764136.013.0002.

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Phonetics is a linguistic field that studies speech in terms of production, transmission, and reception. The three domains of speech study the speaker (production), the hearer (reception), and what takes place between the two (transmission). To this purpose, phoneticians use methods derived from the science of physiology for production, from physics for transmission, and from psychology for reception. In this article, the first section deals with the principal phonetic descriptions of the Arab system produced by the early Arab grammarians of the classical period (2nd/8th––5th/11th). The second section presents the consonant and vowel systems of modern Arabic. The third section deals with the contribution of experimental phonetics to the specificities of the consonant and vowel Arabic systems focusing in particular on (1) pharyngeal consonants; (2) pharyngealized consonants; (3) temporal aspects (vocalic and gemination quantity); and (4) consonant and vowel variation.
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22

van der Hulst, Harry. Opacity and transparency in vowel harmony. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813576.003.0001.

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The first chapter of this book offers an overview of the general causes of asymmetries in vowel harmony systems. This overview will characterize the general nature of vowel harmony, yet focus on what is taken to be a key issue in this area of phonology, which is the behavior of vowels ‘that do not play ball’. The chapter also provides an overview of general issues and characteristics such as vowel harmony, symmetrical harmony, transparency, opacity, root control, dominant/recessive systems, and harmonic domains.
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23

van der Hulst, Harry. Aperture harmony. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813576.003.0006.

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This chapter analyzes a number of vowel harmony systems which have been described or analyzed in terms of aperture (lowering or raising, including complete harmony). This takes us into areas where the literature on vowel harmony discusses cases involving the following binary features: [± high], [± low], [± ATR], and [± RTR]. Raising has been thought of as problematic for unary ‘IUA’ systems as these systems lack a common element for high vowels. This chapter suggests that raising can be attributed to ATR-harmony. The chapter also discusses typological generalizations and analyzes metaphony in Romance languages.
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24

van der Hulst, Harry. Asymmetries in Vowel Harmony. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813576.001.0001.

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This book deals with the phenomenon of vowel harmony, a phonological process whereby all the vowels in a word are required to share a specific phonological property, such as front or back articulation. Vowel harmony occurs in the majority of languages of the world, though only in very few European languages, and has been a central concern in phonological theory for many years. In this volume, Harry van der Hulst puts forward a new theory of vowel harmony, which accounts for the patterns of and exceptions to this phenomenon in the widest range of languages ever considered. The book begins with an overview of the general causes of asymmetries in vowel harmony systems. The two following chapters provide a detailed account of a new theory of vowel harmony based on unary elements and licensing, which is embedded in a general dependency-based theory of phonological structure. In the remaining chapters, this theory is applied to a variety of vowel harmony phenomena from typologically diverse languages, including palatal harmony in languages such as Finnish and Hungarian, labial harmony in Turkic languages, and tongue root systems in Niger-Congo, Nilo-Saharan, and Tungusic languages.
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25

van der Hulst, Harry. Palatal harmony. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813576.003.0004.

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This chapter applies the model that was developed in Chapters 2 and 3 to some well-known and well-studied cases of palatal vowel harmony. Palatal harmony is common in, and almost confined to, Finno-Ugric and Altaic languages. In the latter, palatal harmony often co-occurs with labial harmony. The chapter first discusses variation in the behavior of neutral vowels in Balto-Finnic languages and some special cases in this family. It then analyzes palatal harmony systems in Hungarian and considers the systems of several other languages. The focus is on asymmetries in vowel harmony involving disharmonic suffixes, anti-harmonic roots, disharmonic roots, and non-alternating suffixes.
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26

Aguadé, Jordi. The Maghrebi dialects of Arabic. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198701378.003.0002.

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This chapter analyses synchronically and diachronically the Maghrebi Arabic dialects spoken in North Africa, whose most outstanding features are the prefix n- for the first person singular of the imperfect and a vowel system characterized by elision of short vowels in open syllable. Maghrebi Arabic shows less variety than do Middle Eastern dialects and has been influenced by only two substrate languages, Berber and Latin (the latter especially in Mediterranean coastal towns). All Maghrebi dialects have far fewer Turkish loanwords than do Middle Eastern dialects. On the other hand, French influence on the vocabularies of Tunisian, Algerian, and Moroccan dialects is strong, and code-switching between Arabic and French common in North African language use (except in Libya and Malta). Diachronically, Maghrebi Arabic dialects are divided into two types—pre-Hilālī and Hilālī— depending on whether they go back to the first or the second wave of the Arabization of North Africa.
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27

Zhou, Hung. Vowel systems in Mandarin languages. 1999.

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28

van der Hulst, Harry. Labial harmony. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813576.003.0005.

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This chapter analyzes labial harmony systems such as Turkish, other Turkic languages, and several other languages. Labial harmony rarely occurs by itself, often co-occurring with palatal harmony in Turkic languages. After a detailed analysis of vowel harmony in Standard Turkish—which pays extensive attention to disharmonic roots—the chapter offers a typology of labial harmony systems in Turkic languages in general, based on several typological studies. Other topics that receive special attention are epenthetic vowels, labial attraction, defective patterns, dependencies among different harmonies, diphthongs, stand-alone labial harmony, and the decline of labial harmony in a wide variety of Turkic languages.
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29

Löfqvist, Anders. Articulatory coordination in long and short consonants. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198754930.003.0006.

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This study examined interarticulator programming of lip and tongue movements in the production of single and geminate consonants in Japanese and Italian. One issue addressed is whether the traditional description of Japanese as mora-timed and Italian as syllable-timed is associated with differences in interarticulator programming at the segmental level. Native speakers of Japanese and Italian served as subjects. The linguistic material consisted of Italian and Japanese words forming minimal pairs, with a sequence of vowel-bilabial nasal-vowel, where the duration of the consonant was either long or short. Recordings were made of lip and tongue movements using a magnetometer system. The results show no evidence of any stable relative timing differences between Japanese and Italian. These findings are also very similar to the results of a study of American English. Thus, rhythm class does not appear to reliably influence the timing of lip and tongue movements.
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30

The New Rapid: A Light-line Connective-vowel System of Short-hand Written From Principles Without the Use of Word Signs or Contractions. For ... of Labor Which Demand the Highest Degree... Legare Street Press, 2021.

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31

van der Hulst, Harry. Typology of African tongue root systems. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813576.003.0007.

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The focus of this chapter is African languages and the various manifestations of tongue root harmony. While there is general agreement on the fact that a typical manifestation of vowel harmony involves the position of the tongue root, there is much controversy both on the phonetic detail of the tongue root distinction and on the nature of the phonological primes that are needed to account for tongue root harmony. Specific topics addressed include: the markedness paradox, patterns of merger, and opacity and transparency. There is also a discussion of vowel harmony in Bantu-C.
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32

van der Hulst, Harry. Asian tongue root systems. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813576.003.0009.

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This chapter is devoted to tongue root (ATR or RTR) harmony in Tungusic languages (a.o. Classical Manchu) and Mongolian languages (Khalka and Buriat), which all belong the Altaic language group. In addition to TR-harmony, most Tungusic and Mongolian languages also have a limited form of labial harmony, especially among low vowels. After discussing the Tungusic and Mongolian systems the chapter will focus on the behavior of high vowels, which do not participate in labial harmony, and are either transparent or opaque. A notable difference between Tungusic and Mongolic regards the fact that whereas [i] is transparent to labial harmony in Mongolic, it is opaque in Tungusic. High round vowels are opaque in both groups.
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33

Xi, Zhang. Vowel systems of the Manchu-Tungus languages of China. 1996.

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34

History of the Romance Vowel Systems Through Paradigmatic Reconstruction. De Gruyter, Inc., 2017.

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35

Miglio, Viola Giulia. Interactions Between Markedness and Faithfulness Constraints in Vowel Systems. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.

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36

Interactions Between Markedness and Faithfulness Constraints in Vowel Systems. Taylor & Francis Group, 2012.

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37

Miglio, Viola Giulia. Interactions Between Markedness and Faithfulness Constraints in Vowel Systems. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.

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38

Müller, Ernst-August. Standard Vowel Systems of English, German, and Dutch: Variation in Norm. Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, Peter, 2012.

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39

Standard Vowel Systems of English, German, and Dutch: Variation in Norm. Lang Publishing, Incorporated, Peter, 2012.

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40

McKee, Charles Eugene. New Rapid: A Light-Line Connective-vowel System of Short-hand Written from Principles Without the Use of Word Signs or Contractions. for Commercial, Political and Judicial Recording, and in All Those Fields of Labor Which Demand the Highest Degree Of. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.

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41

Winkel, Casey Robert. Trans coherence in leakage corrected human vowel phonations and its implication to the passive theory of glottal vibration. 1994.

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42

van der Hulst, Harry. The RcvP Model. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813576.003.0002.

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The theory of phonological structure (called ‘Radical CV Phonology’) is first outlined in Chapter 2. This theory is a development of Dependency Phonology. The chapter introduces a theory of elements and minimal vowel representations based on the Successive Division Algorithm. Other topics of relevance are underspecification, markednes, and enhancement. The model of Radical CV Phonology functions as the theoretical background of the set of elements that are active in the harmony systems that will be analyzed in Chapters 4–10 and is, as such, of interest to readers who want to know why we have these particular elements.
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43

Akmajian, Adrian, Richard A. Demers, Ann K. Farmer, and Robert M. Harnish. Linguistics. 5th ed. The MIT Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/4252.001.0001.

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The fifth edition has been thoroughly revised. Revisions include, but are not limited to, the addition of "selected readings" sections, updated examples, new discussion on the creative nature of neologisms, and the use of IPA as the primary transcription system throughout. This edition also includes an account of the patterns of occurrence of reduced vowels in English. An understanding of these patterns enables the reader to write a phonemic transcription of any English word.
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44

System of Practical Nosology: To Which Is Prefixed, a Synopsis of the Systems of Sauvages, Linnæus, Vogel, Sagar, Macbride, Cullen, Darwin, Crichton, Pinel, Parr, Swediaur and Young. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2022.

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45

Manuel of Eames Cursive Shorthand by the Card System A Reporting System with Longhand Movement in Which the Vowels and Consonants Are Joined in the. General Books, 2012.

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46

Ringe, Don. The development of Proto-Germanic. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198792581.003.0003.

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This chapter discusses the reconstructable linguistic changes that occurred in the development from Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic. The first half of the chapter discusses regular sound changes, especially prominent changes including the elimination of laryngeals, Grimm’s Law, Verner’s Law, the remodelling of Sievers’ Law, the loss of intervocalic *j, and several changes of vowels. The second half discusses morphological changes. A long initial section deals with the wholesale morphological restructuring of the verb system, concentrating on preterite-present verbs, strong and weak past tense stems, and participles. Subsequent sections discuss less sweeping changes in the inflection of verbs and nominals.
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47

Dimbleby, J. B. Shorthand Dictionary, Comprising a Complete Alphabetical Arrangement of All English Words, Written Without Vowels, Adapted to All Systems of Shorthand Writing . . Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.

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48

Shorthand Dictionary, Comprising a Complete Alphabetical Arrangement of All English Words, Written Without Vowels, Adapted to All Systems of Shorthand Writing . . Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2022.

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49

Shorthand Dictionary, Comprising a Complete Alphabetical Arrangement of All English Words, Written Without Vowels, Adapted to All Systems of Shorthand Writing . . Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2022.

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50

Dimbleby, J. B. A Shorthand Dictionary, Comprising a Complete Alphabetical Arrangement of All English Words, Written Without Vowels, Adapted to All Systems of Shorthand Writing .. Franklin Classics Trade Press, 2018.

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